精品解析：浙江省青田县中学2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题

青田中学2024-2025学年第一学期高二年级 英语期末试题卷 注意事项： 1.本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）。本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡的相应位置。 3.全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试题卷上无效。 4.回答选择题时，在选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面 5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一个小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will Tom probably do? A. Look for a phone nearby. B. Pay the woman's phone bill. C. Use the woman's phone. 2. What does the man plan to do? A. Take Mary to the movie. B. Tell Mary to use his eye drops. C. Visit Mary. 3. What's the chemistry teacher called now? A. Mrs. Brown. B. Mr. Hill. C. Mrs. Hill. 4. What does the woman feel when the man says sorry? A. She forgets it. B. She accepts his apology. C. She is still angry. 5 What does the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Friends. B. Boss and secretary. C. Husband and wife. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Which part of England did the hurricane strike? A. The south. B. The east. C. The southeast. 7. How many people were killed in the hurricane? A. Nine. B. Nineteen. C. Ninety. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the woman's problem? A. She can't find her composition. B. She can't decide which country to visit. C. She doesn't know how to do her homework. 9. What does the man suggest? A. Taking a trip. B. Writing about a trip. C. Trying to get organized. 10. Why does the man have to leave? A. He has to write his composition. B. He's going to pack his bags. C. He's not feeling well. 听第8段材料，回答第11至12题。 11. Why was Mr. Jones so worried? A. He couldn't pay for the speeding ticket. B. He had too many speeding tickets already. C. His father would be angry with him. 12 What was the result of the conversation? A. The officer let him go without punishing him. B. Mr. Jones still got a ticket. C. Mr. Jones was sent to a law school to study traffic laws. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Where did Peter study after leaving school? A. In a country. B. At home. C. At college. 14. In which country did Peter's friend get a job? A. Central Africa. B. Brazil. C. The USA. 15. What did Peter's friends decide to do? A. Have a motor cycle. B. Fight against bad men. C. Drive to the USA. 16. How long was it before Peter got away from the bad men? A. 2 years. B. 3 years. C. 4 years. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How long has the speaker been in Finland? A. The whole winter. B. 2 weeks. C. 3 weeks. 18. What did the speaker come to Finland for? A. Buying clothes. B. Attending a meeting. C. Experiencing the weather. 19. What was the speaker's biggest problem while preparing for the trip? A. Getting the right kinds of clothes. B. Getting used to the weather. C. Buying warm clothes. 20. Which of the following is TRUE? A. Julia's been to Northern Europe. B. Julia's from Finland. C. Julia makes clothes. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并将答题卡上的相应选项涂黑。 A Special Food Places to Try In Singapore It’s an unpleasant fact that local food places are usually meant to cater to meat-eaters. It can be difficult to find a tasty food place that caters to meat-free diet. Here are some options to show you don’t need meat for a satisfactory treat. Vegan Burg Vegan Burg has a surprisingly diverse range of plant-based burgers. From Hawaiian Teriyaki to Char-Grilled Satay, the menu promises to tempt even the most hardcore meat lovers. And that’s not even getting into the add-ons and sides it offers, such as mushroom fries and barbecue potatoes. Woods Square Tower, #01-06, Singapore 737737 Genesis Restaurant This eatery proves that meat-free dishes can be as hearty and flavorful as their meat-based counterparts. Genesis Restaurant is especially known for its juicy dumplings, spring rolls, pork-free noodles and tofu cheesecake. Havelock Road, #B1-01, Singapore 059763 WellSmoocht Collective WellSmoocht is a cafe and dessert bar which specializes in plant-based ice cream. Made from brown rice, sugar cane juice and fruits or nut butters, Smoocht’s rice cream, as they call it, comes in a wide variety of delicious flavors such as Earl Grey Lavender,Rose Coconut and Gula Melaka. Sin Ming Centre, #01-03, Singapore 575628 Green Common This one-stop plant-based eatery and marketplace has a delicious menu of mouth-watering meat-free dishes, from Japanese cuisine like sushi and miso glazed fillet to Western dishes like fishless tacos and pasta, as well as local favourites such as seafood laksa and even buah keluak rice. HarbourFront Walk, #169-170, Singapore 098585 1. Who is the passage intended for? A. Those who want to lose weight. B. Those who don’t eat meat. C. Those who can’t go without meat. D. Those who prefer home-made food. 2. What is Genesis Restaurant famous for? A. Chinese-friendly food. B. Plant-based burgers. C. Plant-based ice-cream. D. Japanese seafood. 3. Where should you go if you have a sweet tooth? A. Woods Square Tower, #01-06. B. Havelock Road, #B1-01. C. Sin Ming Centre, #01-03. D. HarbourFront Walk, #169-170. B France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for woman. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways. The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting. Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. That’s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death — as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth. The bans, if fully enforced, would suggest to woman (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques. The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison. The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standard for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement. In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states: “We are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people.” The charter’s main tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen. Fashion Week, which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute. But in general it relies on a name-and-shame method of compliance. Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry. 4. According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France? A. Physical beauty would be redefined. B. New runways would be constructed. C. Websites about dieting would thrive. D. The fashion industry would decline. 5. The phrase “impinging on” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to A. heightening the value of B. indicating the state of C. losing faith in D. doing harm to 6. Which of the following is TRUE of the fashion industry? A. The French measures have already failed. B. New standards are being set in Denmark. C Models are no longer under peer pressure. D. Its inherent problems are getting worse. 7. Which of the following is the best title of the text? A. A Challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals B. A Dilemma for the Starving Models in France C. Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty D. The Great Threats to the Fashion Industry C The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009. For the most part, the response has been favorable, to say the least. “Hooray! At last!” wrote Anthony Tommasini, a sober-sided classical-music critic. One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise, however, is that Gilbert is comparatively little known. Even Tommasini, who had advocated Gilbert’s appointment in the Times, calls him “an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him.” As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise. For my part, I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great conductor or even a good one. To be sure, he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions, but it is not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall, or anywhere else, to hear interesting orchestral music. All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf, or boot up my computer and download still more recorded music from iTunes. Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point. For the time, attention, and money of the art-loving public, classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses, dance troupes, theater companies, and museums, but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century. These recordings are cheap, available everywhere, and very often much higher in artistic quality than today’s live performances; moreover, they can be “consumed” at a time and place of the listener’s choosing. The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert. One possible response is for classical performers to program attractive new music that is not yet available on record. Gilbert’s own interest in new music has been widely noted: Alex Ross, a classical music critic, has described him as a man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into “a markedly different, more vibrant organization.” But what will be the nature of that difference? Merely expanding the orchestra’s repertoire will not be enough. If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed, they must first change the relationship between America’s oldest orchestra and the new audience it hopes to attract. 8. From Paragraph 1, what can we learn from Gilbert’s appointment? A. It incurred criticism. B. It raised suspicion. C. It received acclaim. D. It aroused curiosity. 9. The author believes that the devoted concertgoers ______. A. ignore the expenses of live performances. B. reject most kinds of recorded performances. C. exaggerate the variety of live performances. D. overestimate the value of live performances. 10. According to the text, which of the following is true of recordings? A. They are often inferior to live concerts in quality. B. They are easily accessible to the general public. C. They help improve the quality of music. D. They have only covered masterpieces. 11. How does the author feel about Gilbert’s role in revitalizing the Philharmonic? A. Doubtful. B. Enthusiastic. C. Confident. D. Puzzled. D The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for. No longer. While traditional “paid” media — such as television commercials and print advertisements — still play a major role, companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media. Consumers passionate about a product may create “earned” media by willingly promoting it to friends, and a company may leverage “owned” media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site. The way consumers now approach the process of making purchase decisions means that marketing’s impact stems from a broad range of factors beyond conventional paid media. Paid and owned media are controlled by marketers promoting their own products. For earned media such marketers act as the initiator for users’ responses. But in some cases, one marketer’s owned media become another marketer’s paid media — for instance, when an e-commerce retailer sells ad space on its Web site. We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organizations place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment. This trend, which we believe is still in its infancy, effectively began with retailers and travel providers such as airlines and hotels and will no doubt go further. Johnson & Johnson, for example, has created BabyCenter, a standalone media property that promotes complementary and even competitive products. Besides generating income, the presence of other marketers makes the site seem objective, gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies’ marketing, and may help expand user traffic for all companies concerned. The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more (and more diverse) communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways. Such hijacked media are the opposite of earned media: an asset or campaign becomes hostage to consumers, other stakeholders, or activists who make negative allegations about a brand or product. Members of social networks, for instance, are learning that they can hijack media to apply pressure on the businesses that originally created them. 12. When can consumers create “earned” media? A. Obsessed with online shopping at certain Web sites. B. Inspired by product-promoting e-mails sent to them. C. Eager to help their friends promote quality products. D. Enthusiastic about recommending their favorite products. 13. What can we say about sold media feature according to Paragraph 2? A. A safe business environment. B. Random competition. C. Strong user traffic. D. Flexibility in organization. 14. What can we infer about earned media in Paragraph 3? A. Invite constant conflicts with passionate consumers. B. Can be used to produce negative effects in marketing. C. May be responsible for fiercer competition. D Deserve all the negative comments about them. 15. Which of the following is the text mainly about? A. Alternatives to conventional paid media. B. Conflict between hijacked and earned media. C. Dominance of hijacked media. D. Popularity of owned media. 第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 No disciplines have seized on professionalism with as much enthusiasm as the humanities. You can, Mr. Menand points out, become a lawyer in three years and a medical doctor in four. ____16____. Not surprisingly, up to half of all doctoral students in English drop out before getting their degrees. His concern is mainly with the humanities: literature, languages, philosophy and so on. These are disciplines that are going out of style: 22% of American college graduates now major in business compared with only 2% in history and 4% in English. However, many leading American universities want their undergraduates to have a grounding in the basic canon of ideas that every educated person should possess. ____17____. At Harvard, Mr Menand notes, “the great books are read because they have been read” - they form a sort of social glue. Equally unsurprisingly, only about half end up with professorships for which they entered graduate school. ____18____ This is partly because universities continue to produce ever more PhDs. ____19____: English departments awarded more bachelor’s degrees in 1970-71 than they did 20 years later. Fewer students require fewer teachers. So, at the end of a decade of thesis-writing, many humanities students leave the profession to do something for which they have not been trained. One reason why it is hard to design and teach such courses is that they cut across the insistence by top American universities that liberal-arts education and professional education should be kept separate, taught in different schools. ____20____. Although more than half of Harvard undergraduates end up in law, medicine or business, future doctors and lawyers must study a non-specialist liberal-arts degree before embarking on a professional qualification. A. Yet quite how that happens, Mr Menand does not say. B. Otherwise, academics will continue to think dangerously alike. C. There are simply too few posts. D. But most find it difficult to agree on what a “general education” should look like. E. Many students experience both varieties. F. But fewer students want to study humanities subjects. G. But the regular time it takes to get a doctoral degree in the humanities is nine years. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The Poseidon Effect Late one autumn day at the local swimming pool in Ancenis, France, an 18-year-old named Jean LeRoy came for his regular evening swim in the 25-metre pool. When people are drowning, they don’t usually shout and _____21_____ in the way it happens on television. Most people drown quite _____22_____, with the person quickly sinking beneath the water. On the evening, LeRoy was testing how far he could swim underwater _____23_____ one breath. At some moment, as he was doing this, he became unconscious. _____24_____ he tried he couldn’t breathe. He sank to the bottom of the pool. LeRoy was drowning. Luckily for him, the swimming pool was ____25____ with an electronic surveillance system called Poseidon. Although the human lifeguards had not noticed, 12 large machine eyes deep underwater were watching the whole thing. Poseidon has underwater cameras which _____26_____ people as they swim. The cameras are connected to a computer. It is _____27_____ to recognize _____28_____ a swimmer is not moving normally. The lifeguards at the Ancenis pool were wearing a special device that _____29_____ when the computer detected a possible problem. Sixteen seconds after Poseidon noticed LeRoy’s body, the lifeguards had pulled him out of the pool. He started breathing again. After one night in hospital, he was sent home completely _____30_____. Poseidon had saved his life. Machines like Poseidon completely change how we live. Think of your life before the answering machine was invented. Think of your grandparents’ lives before the television and the airplane were introduced. The change will be just as great. It is _____31_____ happening. Soon, machines will recognize our faces and our fingerprints. They will _____32_____ for drowning people, for ____33____ carrying bombs, for speeding drivers and heart patients. Imagine devices that monitor a baby’s breathing and track children as they go to and from school. Imagine machines _____34_____ quiet signals to nearby computers, which will send information to your doctor, your lawyer, and the local police. As time passes, more and more of our lives will be _____35_____ by machines. They will know all about us. 21. A. splash B. cry C. yell D. scream 22. A. soon B. quietly C. silently D. simply 23. A. in B. within C. over D. on 24. A. No matter how B. However C. Whoever D. Whatever 25. A. established B. installed C. set D. equipped 26. A. show B. film C. propagate D. outline 27. A. postulated B. made C. programmed D. relayed 28. A. whether B. when C. while D. if 29. A. alarmed B. beeped C. warned D. alerted 30. A. healthy B. normal C. safe D. well 31. A. always B. merely C. readily D. already 32. A. watch out B. take care C. look back D. go over 33. A. terrorists B. invalids C. senators D. tyrants 34. A. will send B. to send C. send D. sending 35. A. recorded B. checked C. monitored D. supervised 第Ⅱ卷 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A black slate (石板), an alloy steel needle and decades of practice are what Li Yahua needs to create the perfect Huihe stone shadow carving work of art. With her left hand _____36_____ (gentle) leaning against the mirror-like stone to support the heavy chisel (凿子) she’s holding in her right hand, the artist creates a black-and-white landscape by intensively chiseling dots in various sizes and density on the stone. Different from traditional Chinese art types that emphasize the beauty of lines, stone shadow carving highlights the size and _____37_____ (deep) of dots. “We use an alloy steel needle to chisel white dots to create image on a polished and smooth black slate,” Li explained, adding the pressure _____38_____ (use) to chisel them was the key to getting the carving right. “On an A4-paper-size black slate, we need to chisel about 100 million dots _____39_____ (create) an image,” she continued, adding it would take 7 to 20 days to complete the work depending on its level of complexity. Born into a family of stone carves, stone and alloy steel needles _____40_____ (be) Li’s best friends since childhood and the sound of chisel _____41_____ (knock) on the slate is the soundtrack to her life. _____42_____ 56-year old has devoted nearly 40 years to the craft, which made someone laugh at the _____43_____ (absurd) of the situation. For her, shadow curving is about preserving history, culture and art, _____44_____ recording the stories of the times. “It is vital that we should be prepared ______45______twists and turns.” She said. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 近期，你校将举行社团组织年终评价答辩活动。你作为校来同书院辩论社的负责人，将上台进行一分钟英文答辩，内容包括： (1)过去一年的成就； (2)不足的反思总结。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题纸上作答。 3.提示：来同书院Laitong College Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen! __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 After graduating from college, I worked as a salesman for a piano company. We advertised our pianos in small town newspapers and then, when we received many replies, we would load our little trucks, drive into the area and sell the pianos to those who had replied. Every time we advertised, we would receive a reply on a postcard which said, “Please bring me a new piano for my little granddaughter. It must be red mahogany(红木). I can pay $10 a month with my egg money.” Of course, we could not sell a new piano for $10 a month. No finance company would carry a contract with payments that small, so we ignored her postcards. One day, however, I happened to be in that area calling on other replies, and out of curiosity I decided to meet the old lady. I found pretty much what I expected: The old lady lived in a one-room cabin in the middle of a cotton field. The cabin had a dirt floor and there were chickens in the house. Obviously, she could not have qualified to purchase anything on credit—no car, no phone, no real job, nothing but a roof over her head. I could see daylight through the roof in several places. Her little granddaughter was about 8, barefoot and wearing a dress made out of cotton bags holding animal feed. I explained to the old lady that we could not sell a new piano for $10 a month and that she should stop writing to us every time she saw our advertisement. I drove away heartsick, but my advice had no effect—she still sent us the same postcard every time we advertised. Always wanting a new piano, red mahogany, she swore she would never miss a$10 payment. It was sad. Several years later, I owned my own piano company, and each time I advertised in that area, the old lady’s postcards would come to me. 注意： （1）续写词数应为 150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 One day when I was in that area, I made a big decision. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Twenty years later, while sitting at a bar, I heard the most beautiful piano music behind me. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 青田中学2024-2025学年第一学期高二年级 英语期末试题卷 注意事项： 1.本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）。本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡的相应位置。 3.全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试题卷上无效。 4.回答选择题时，在选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面 5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一个小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will Tom probably do? A. Look for a phone nearby. B. Pay the woman's phone bill. C. Use the woman's phone. 2. What does the man plan to do? A. Take Mary to the movie. B. Tell Mary to use his eye drops. C. Visit Mary. 3. What's the chemistry teacher called now? A. Mrs. Brown. B. Mr. Hill. C. Mrs. Hill. 4. What does the woman feel when the man says sorry? A She forgets it. B. She accepts his apology. C. She is still angry. 5. What does the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Friends. B. Boss and secretary. C. Husband and wife. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Which part of England did the hurricane strike? A. The south. B. The east. C. The southeast. 7. How many people were killed in the hurricane? A. Nine. B. Nineteen. C. Ninety. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the woman's problem? A. She can't find her composition. B. She can't decide which country to visit. C. She doesn't know how to do her homework. 9. What does the man suggest? A. Taking a trip. B. Writing about a trip. C. Trying to get organized. 10. Why does the man have to leave? A. He has to write his composition. B. He's going to pack his bags. C. He's not feeling well. 听第8段材料，回答第11至12题。 11. Why was Mr. Jones so worried? A. He couldn't pay for the speeding ticket. B. He had too many speeding tickets already. C. His father would be angry with him. 12. What was the result of the conversation? A. The officer let him go without punishing him. B. Mr. Jones still got a ticket. C. Mr. Jones was sent to a law school to study traffic laws. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Where did Peter study after leaving school? A. In a country. B. At home. C. At college. 14. In which country did Peter's friend get a job? A. Central Africa. B. Brazil. C. The USA. 15. What did Peter's friends decide to do? A. Have a motor cycle. B. Fight against bad men. C. Drive to the USA. 16. How long was it before Peter got away from the bad men? A. 2 years. B. 3 years. C. 4 years. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How long has the speaker been in Finland? A. The whole winter. B. 2 weeks. C. 3 weeks. 18. What did the speaker come to Finland for? A. Buying clothes. B. Attending a meeting. C. Experiencing the weather. 19. What was the speaker's biggest problem while preparing for the trip? A. Getting the right kinds of clothes. B. Getting used to the weather. C. Buying warm clothes. 20. Which of the following is TRUE? A. Julia's been to Northern Europe. B. Julia's from Finland. C. Julia makes clothes. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并将答题卡上的相应选项涂黑。 A Special Food Places to Try In Singapore It’s an unpleasant fact that local food places are usually meant to cater to meat-eaters. It can be difficult to find a tasty food place that caters to meat-free diet. Here are some options to show you don’t need meat for a satisfactory treat. Vegan Burg Vegan Burg has a surprisingly diverse range of plant-based burgers. From Hawaiian Teriyaki to Char-Grilled Satay, the menu promises to tempt even the most hardcore meat lovers. And that’s not even getting into the add-ons and sides it offers, such as mushroom fries and barbecue potatoes. Woods Square Tower, #01-06, Singapore 737737 Genesis Restaurant This eatery proves that meat-free dishes can be as hearty and flavorful as their meat-based counterparts. Genesis Restaurant is especially known for its juicy dumplings, spring rolls, pork-free noodles and tofu cheesecake. Havelock Road, #B1-01, Singapore 059763 WellSmoocht Collective WellSmoocht is a cafe and dessert bar which specializes in plant-based ice cream. Made from brown rice, sugar cane juice and fruits or nut butters, Smoocht’s rice cream, as they call it, comes in a wide variety of delicious flavors such as Earl Grey Lavender,Rose Coconut and Gula Melaka. Sin Ming Centre, #01-03, Singapore 575628 Green Common This one-stop plant-based eatery and marketplace has a delicious menu of mouth-watering meat-free dishes, from Japanese cuisine like sushi and miso glazed fillet to Western dishes like fishless tacos and pasta, as well as local favourites such as seafood laksa and even buah keluak rice. HarbourFront Walk, #169-170, Singapore 098585 1. Who is the passage intended for? A. Those who want to lose weight. B. Those who don’t eat meat. C. Those who can’t go without meat. D. Those who prefer home-made food. 2. What is Genesis Restaurant famous for? A. Chinese-friendly food. B. Plant-based burgers. C. Plant-based ice-cream. D. Japanese seafood. 3. Where should you go if you have a sweet tooth? A. Woods Square Tower, #01-06. B. Havelock Road, #B1-01. C. Sin Ming Centre, #01-03. D. HarbourFront Walk, #169-170. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了新加坡的素食美食。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“It can be difficult to find a tasty food place that caters to meat-free diet. Here are some options to show you don’t need meat for a satisfactory treat.(很难找到一个迎合无肉饮食的美食场所。这里有一些选择，告诉你不需要吃肉就能得到令人满意的款待。)”可推知，这篇文章是写给那些不吃肉或鱼的人的。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Genesis Restaurant部分中的“Genesis Restaurant is especially known for its juicy dumplings, spring rolls, pork-free noodles and tofu cheesecake.(Genesis Restaurant尤其以其多汁的饺子、春卷、无猪肉面和豆腐芝士蛋糕而闻名。)”可知，Genesis Restaurant以中餐闻名。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据WellSmoocht Collective部分中的“WellSmoocht is a cafe and dessert bar which specialises in plant-based ice cream..(WellSmoocht是一家专营植物性冰淇淋的咖啡馆和甜品吧。)”及“Sin Ming Centre, #01-03, Singapore 575628”可知，如果你喜欢吃甜食，你应该去Sin Ming Centre, #01-03。故选C。 B France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for woman. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways. The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting. Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. That’s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death — as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth. The bans, if fully enforced, would suggest to woman (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques. The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison. The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standard for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement. In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states: “We are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people.” The charter’s main tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen. Fashion Week, which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute. But in general it relies on a name-and-shame method of compliance. Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry. 4. According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France? A. Physical beauty would be redefined. B. New runways would be constructed. C. Websites about dieting would thrive. D. The fashion industry would decline. 5. The phrase “impinging on” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to A. heightening the value of B. indicating the state of C. losing faith in D. doing harm to 6. Which of the following is TRUE of the fashion industry? A. The French measures have already failed. B. New standards are being set in Denmark. C. Models are no longer under peer pressure. D. Its inherent problems are getting worse. 7. Which of the following is the best title of the text? A. A Challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals B. A Dilemma for the Starving Models in France C. Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty D. The Great Threats to the Fashion Industry 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了国际上在针对女性外表美进行改革，法国为首的国家，将通过法律来帮助女性树立正确的价值观以及对美的看法和标准。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for woman. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways. The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting.(自诩为全球时尚创新者的法国认为，其时尚产业已经失去了定义女性外表美的绝对权利。上周，该国立法者初步批准了一项法律，该法律将在t台上雇用超瘦模特定为犯罪。议会还同意禁止那些通过提倡极端节食来“煽动过度瘦”的网站)”可知，外在美在法国将被重新定义。故选A。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“beauty should not be defined by looks that end up(美不应该以外貌来定义)”以及划线词后文“And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death — as some have done.(对超瘦模特的禁令似乎不仅仅是为了保护模特们免于饿死——就像有些模特所做的那样)”可知，美不应该以外貌来定义，后文为了美导致饿死的例子表明，注重外貌会对健康造成伤害。故划线词意思是“对……造成伤害”。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standard for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.(在丹麦、美国和其他一些国家，它正试图为模特和时尚形象设定自愿的标准，这些标准更多地依赖于同行的压力来执行)”可知，丹麦正在制定新的标准。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for woman. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways. The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting.(自诩为全球时尚创新者的法国认为，其时尚产业已经失去了定义女性外表美的绝对权利。上周，该国立法者初步批准了一项法律，该法律将在t台上雇用超瘦模特定为犯罪。议会还同意禁止那些通过提倡极端节食来“煽动过度瘦”的网站)”，倒数第三段“The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types.(时尚界知道，专注于材料装饰和理想化的体型存在固有的问题)”；最后一段“Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.(依靠道德上的说服而不是法律来解决对理想身材的滥用可能是最好的一步。更好的做法是，帮助提升美的概念，使其超越特定行业的物质标准)”结合文章主要说明了国际上在针对女性外表美进行改革，法国为首的国家，将通过法律来帮助女性树立正确的价值观以及对美的看法和标准可知，A选项“对时尚界理想身材的挑战”最符合文章标题。故选A。 C The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009. For the most part, the response has been favorable, to say the least. “Hooray! At last!” wrote Anthony Tommasini, a sober-sided classical-music critic. One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise, however, is that Gilbert is comparatively little known. Even Tommasini, who had advocated Gilbert’s appointment in the Times, calls him “an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him.” As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise. For my part, I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great conductor or even a good one. To be sure, he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions, but it is not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall, or anywhere else, to hear interesting orchestral music. All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf, or boot up my computer and download still more recorded music from iTunes. Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point. For the time, attention, and money of the art-loving public, classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses, dance troupes, theater companies, and museums, but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century. These recordings are cheap, available everywhere, and very often much higher in artistic quality than today’s live performances; moreover, they can be “consumed” at a time and place of the listener’s choosing. The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert. One possible response is for classical performers to program attractive new music that is not yet available on record. Gilbert’s own interest in new music has been widely noted: Alex Ross, a classical music critic, has described him as a man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into “a markedly different, more vibrant organization.” But what will be the nature of that difference? Merely expanding the orchestra’s repertoire will not be enough. If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed, they must first change the relationship between America’s oldest orchestra and the new audience it hopes to attract. 8. From Paragraph 1, what can we learn from Gilbert’s appointment? A. It incurred criticism. B. It raised suspicion. C. It received acclaim. D. It aroused curiosity. 9. The author believes that the devoted concertgoers ______. A. ignore the expenses of live performances. B. reject most kinds of recorded performances. C. exaggerate the variety of live performances. D. overestimate the value of live performances. 10. According to the text, which of the following is true of recordings? A. They are often inferior to live concerts in quality. B. They are easily accessible to the general public. C. They help improve the quality of music. D. They have only covered masterpieces. 11. How does the author feel about Gilbert’s role in revitalizing the Philharmonic? A. Doubtful. B. Enthusiastic. C. Confident. D. Puzzled. 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要通过2009年纽约爱乐乐团突然宣布任命艾伦•吉尔伯特为下一任音乐总监为话题，论述了这一任命所带来的影响和对此的看法。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“For the most part, the response has been favorable, to say the least. “Hooray! At last!” wrote Anthony Tommasini, a sober-sided classical-music critic.(至少可以这么说，在很大程度上，人们的反应是积极的。“万岁！终于！”安东尼·托马西尼写道，他是一位冷静的古典音乐评论家)”可知，吉尔伯特的任命受到好评。故选C。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point. For the time, attention, and money of the art-loving public, classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses, dance troupes, theater companies, and museums, but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20thcentury. These recordings are cheap, available everywhere, and very often much higher in artistic quality than today’s live performances; moreover, they can be “consumed” at a time and place of the listener’s choosing. The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert.(忠实的音乐会观众回答说，录音不能代替现场表演，他们没有抓住重点。为了获得热爱艺术的公众的时间、注意力和金钱，古典乐器演奏家不仅要与歌剧院、舞蹈团、戏剧公司和博物馆竞争，还要与20世纪伟大的古典音乐家的录音表演竞争。这些录音很便宜，到处都能买到，而且往往比今天的现场表演的艺术质量要高得多；此外，它们可以在听者选择的时间和地点“消费”。这种唱片的广泛传播给传统的古典音乐会制度带来了危机)”可知，作者认为录音更便宜，比现场演出艺术质量更好，而且更加方便，所以认为忠实的音乐会观众高估了现场演出的价值。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“These recordings are cheap, available everywhere, and very often much higher in artistic quality than today’s live performances; moreover, they can be “consumed” at a time and place of the listener’s choosing. The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert.(这些录音很便宜，到处都能买到，而且往往比今天的现场表演的艺术质量要高得多；此外，它们可以在听者选择的时间和地点“消费”。这种唱片的广泛传播给传统的古典音乐会制度带来了危机)”可知，大众很容易接触到录音。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Gilbert’s own interest in new music has been widely noted: Alex Ross, a classical music critic, has described him as a man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into “a markedly different, more vibrant organization.” But what will be the nature of that difference? Merely expanding the orchestra’s repertoire will not be enough. If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed, they must first change the relationship between America’s oldest orchestra and the new audience it hopes to attract.(吉尔伯特本人对新音乐的兴趣已被广泛关注：古典音乐评论家亚历克斯·罗斯曾形容他是一个有能力将爱乐乐团变成“一个明显不同、更有活力的组织”的人。但这种差异的本质是什么呢？仅仅扩大乐团的演奏曲目是不够的。如果吉尔伯特和爱乐乐团想要成功，他们必须首先改变这个美国历史最悠久的乐团与其希望吸引的新观众之间的关系)”可知，作者认为仅仅扩大乐团的演奏曲目是不够的，说明对吉尔伯特在振兴爱乐方面所起的作用持怀疑态度。故选A。 D The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for. No longer. While traditional “paid” media — such as television commercials and print advertisements — still play a major role, companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media. Consumers passionate about a product may create “earned” media by willingly promoting it to friends, and a company may leverage “owned” media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site. The way consumers now approach the process of making purchase decisions means that marketing’s impact stems from a broad range of factors beyond conventional paid media. Paid and owned media are controlled by marketers promoting their own products. For earned media, such marketers act as the initiator for users’ responses. But in some cases, one marketer’s owned media become another marketer’s paid media — for instance, when an e-commerce retailer sells ad space on its Web site. We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organizations place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment. This trend, which we believe is still in its infancy, effectively began with retailers and travel providers such as airlines and hotels and will no doubt go further. Johnson & Johnson, for example, has created BabyCenter, a standalone media property that promotes complementary and even competitive products. Besides generating income, the presence of other marketers makes the site seem objective, gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies’ marketing, and may help expand user traffic for all companies concerned. The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more (and more diverse) communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways. Such hijacked media are the opposite of earned media: an asset or campaign becomes hostage to consumers, other stakeholders, or activists who make negative allegations about a brand or product. Members of social networks, for instance, are learning that they can hijack media to apply pressure on the businesses that originally created them. 12. When can consumers create “earned” media? A. Obsessed with online shopping at certain Web sites. B. Inspired by product-promoting e-mails sent to them. C. Eager to help their friends promote quality products. D. Enthusiastic about recommending their favorite products. 13. What can we say about sold media feature according to Paragraph 2? A. A safe business environment. B. Random competition. C. Strong user traffic. D. Flexibility in organization. 14. What can we infer about earned media in Paragraph 3? A. Invite constant conflicts with passionate consumers. B Can be used to produce negative effects in marketing. C. May be responsible for fiercer competition. D. Deserve all the negative comments about them. 15. Which of the following is the text mainly about? A. Alternatives to conventional paid media. B. Conflict between hijacked and earned media. C. Dominance of hijacked media. D. Popularity of owned media. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了营销中媒体形式的变化。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第一段中的“Consumers passionate about a product may create “earned” media by willingly promoting it to friends, and a company may leverage “owned” media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site. (对某一产品充满热情的消费者可能会通过主动向朋友宣传该产品来创造“口碑”媒体，而公司则可以利用“自”媒体，向在其网站上注册的客户发送有关产品和促销活动的电子邮件提醒)”可知，当消费者热衷于推荐他们喜欢的产品时，可以创造“口碑”媒体。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organizations place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment. (我们将这种出售的媒体定义为自有媒体，其流量非常可观，以至于其他机构会在这样的环境中投放自己的内容或电子商务引擎)”可知，出售的媒体特征是用户流量大。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第三段中的“Such hijacked media are the opposite of earned media: an asset or campaign becomes hostage to consumers, other stakeholders, or activists who make negative allegations about a brand or product. (这种“被劫持”媒体与口碑媒体正好相反：一项资产或一场营销活动会被消费者、其他利益相关者或积极分子劫持，这些人会对某个品牌或产品提出负面指控)”可知，口碑媒体可能会被用来在营销中产生负面影响。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由第一段中的“While traditional “paid” media — such as television commercials and print advertisements — still play a major role, companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media. (虽然传统的“付费”媒体（如电视广告和印刷广告）仍发挥着重要作用，但如今企业可以利用许多其他形式的媒体)”并结合下文对“口碑”媒体和“自”媒体的介绍可知，文章主要讲的是传统付费媒体的替代品。故选A。 第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 No disciplines have seized on professionalism with as much enthusiasm as the humanities. You can, Mr. Menand points out, become a lawyer in three years and a medical doctor in four. ____16____. Not surprisingly, up to half of all doctoral students in English drop out before getting their degrees. His concern is mainly with the humanities: literature, languages, philosophy and so on. These are disciplines that are going out of style: 22% of American college graduates now major in business compared with only 2% in history and 4% in English. However, many leading American universities want their undergraduates to have a grounding in the basic canon of ideas that every educated person should possess. ____17____. At Harvard, Mr Menand notes, “the great books are read because they have been read” - they form a sort of social glue. Equally unsurprisingly, only about half end up with professorships for which they entered graduate school. ____18____ This is partly because universities continue to produce ever more PhDs. ____19____: English departments awarded more bachelor’s degrees in 1970-71 than they did 20 years later. Fewer students require fewer teachers. So, at the end of a decade of thesis-writing, many humanities students leave the profession to do something for which they have not been trained. One reason why it is hard to design and teach such courses is that they cut across the insistence by top American universities that liberal-arts education and professional education should be kept separate, taught in different schools. ____20____. Although more than half of Harvard undergraduates end up in law, medicine or business, future doctors and lawyers must study a non-specialist liberal-arts degree before embarking on a professional qualification. A. Yet quite how that happens, Mr Menand does not say. B. Otherwise, academics will continue to think dangerously alike. C. There are simply too few posts. D. But most find it difficult to agree on what a “general education” should look like. E. Many students experience both varieties. F. But fewer students want to study humanities subjects. G. But the regular time it takes to get a doctoral degree in the humanities is nine years. 【答案】16. G 17. D 18. C 19. F 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了人文学科博士学位获取时间长，就业难，学生不愿学，但大学仍想让学生学习人文学科基本知识。 【16题详解】 由上文“No disciplines have seized on professionalism with as much enthusiasm as the humanities. You can, Mr. Menand points out, become a lawyer in three years and a medical doctor in four. (没有哪个学科像人文学科那样对专业精神充满热情。Menand先生指出，你可以在三年内成为一名律师，四年内成为医生。)”和下文“Not surprisingly, up to half of all doctoral students in English drop out before getting their degrees. (不足为奇是，多达一半的英语博士生在没有获得学位之前就辍学了。)”可知，上文对比了成为律师和医生所需的时间。下文说明了英语博士生的辍学情况。本空应强调人文学科获得学位时间长导致辍学率高。G选项“But the regular time it takes to get a doctoral degree in the humanities is nine years. (但获得人文学科博士学位的常规时间是九年。)”与上文形成对比，突出了人文学科获得博士学位所需时间之长，这与下文英语博士生高辍学率的情况相呼应，符合题意。故选G。 【17题详解】 由上文“However, many leading American universities want their undergraduates to have a grounding in the basic canon of ideas that every educated person should possess. (然而，许多美国顶尖大学希望他们的本科生能够掌握每个受过教育的人都应该具备的基本思想体系。)”和下文“At Harvard, Mr Menand notes, “the great books are read because they have been read” - they form a sort of social glue. (Menand指出，在哈佛，“伟大的著作之所以被阅读，是因为它们已经被阅读过”——它们构成了一种社会粘合剂。)”可知，上文描述美国顶尖大学希望本科生掌握基本的思想体系。下文说明了哈佛等大学对经典著作的重视。本空应强调许多大学希望本科生有基本思想基础，但对于怎样教育本科生有基本思想基础存在分歧。D选项“But most find it difficult to agree on what a ‘general education’ should look like. (但大多数人发现，很难就“通识教育”应该是什么样子达成一致。)”能承上启下，说明虽然大学希望本科生掌握基本思想体系，但在具体实施上存在困难，即对于通识教育的具体形式存在分歧，符合题意。故选D。 【18题详解】 由上文“Equally unsurprisingly, only about half end up with professorships for which they entered graduate school. (同样不出所料的是，只有大约一半的人最终获得了他们进入研究生院时所追求的教授职位。)”和下文“This is partly because universities continue to produce ever more PhDs. (这部分是因为大学继续培养越来越多的博士生。)”可知，上文说明了人文学科博士生最终获得教授职位的比例较低，下文解释了原因。本空也应进一步解释了人文学科博士生难以获得教授职位的原因。C选项“There are simply too few posts. (职位简直太少了。)”进一步解释了人文学科博士生难以获得教授职位的原因，即职位数量有限，能承上启下，符合题意。故选C。 【19题详解】 由下文“English departments awarded more bachelor’s degrees in 1970-71 than they did 20 years later. (英语系在1970-71年授予的学士学位比20年后还要多。学生少了，需要的老师也就少了。)”可知，下文说明了英语系学生数量的减少，本空应强调英语系学生数量的减少的原因。F选项“But fewer students want to study humanities subjects. (但越来越少的学生想学习人文学科。)”说明了学生对人文学科的兴趣减少，导致需求下降，进而影响了教授职位的数量，能引起下文，符合题意。故选F。 【20题详解】 由上文“One reason why it is hard to design and teach such courses is that they cut across the insistence by top American universities that liberal-arts education and professional education should be kept separate, taught in different schools. (设计和教授这样的课程之所以困难，一个原因是它们与美国顶尖大学坚持的文科教育和专业教育应该分开、在不同学校教授的观点相悖。)”和下文“Although more than half of Harvard undergraduates end up in law, medicine or business, future doctors and lawyers must study a non-specialist liberal-arts degree before embarking on a professional qualification. (尽管超过一半的哈佛本科生最终从事法律、医学或商业行业，但未来的医生和律师在获得专业资格之前必须学习非专业的文科学位。)”可知，上文说明了设计和教授通识课程的困难，下文说明了哈佛等大学在通识教育方面的实践。本空应强调学生对这种教育的体验，E选项“Many students experience both varieties. (许多学生都经历过这两种情况。)”说明许多学生实际上既接受了人文教育，也接受了某种形式的专业教育或预备教育。这既符合前文提到的教育融合趋势，也为后文关于学生选择和专业教育路径的讨论提供了铺垫。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The Poseidon Effect Late one autumn day at the local swimming pool in Ancenis, France, an 18-year-old named Jean LeRoy came for his regular evening swim in the 25-metre pool. When people are drowning, they don’t usually shout and _____21_____ in the way it happens on television. Most people drown quite _____22_____, with the person quickly sinking beneath the water. On the evening, LeRoy was testing how far he could swim underwater _____23_____ one breath. At some moment, as he was doing this, he became unconscious. _____24_____ he tried he couldn’t breathe. He sank to the bottom of the pool. LeRoy was drowning. Luckily for him, the swimming pool was ____25____ with an electronic surveillance system called Poseidon. Although the human lifeguards had not noticed, 12 large machine eyes deep underwater were watching the whole thing. Poseidon has underwater cameras which _____26_____ people as they swim. The cameras are connected to a computer. It is _____27_____ to recognize _____28_____ a swimmer is not moving normally. The lifeguards at the Ancenis pool were wearing a special device that _____29_____ when the computer detected a possible problem. Sixteen seconds after Poseidon noticed LeRoy’s body, the lifeguards had pulled him out of the pool. He started breathing again. After one night in hospital, he was sent home completely _____30_____. Poseidon had saved his life. Machines like Poseidon completely change how we live. Think of your life before the answering machine was invented. Think of your grandparents’ lives before the television and the airplane were introduced. The change will be just as great. It is _____31_____ happening. Soon, machines will recognize our faces and our fingerprints. They will _____32_____ for drowning people, for ____33____ carrying bombs, for speeding drivers and heart patients. Imagine devices that monitor a baby’s breathing and track children as they go to and from school. Imagine machines _____34_____ quiet signals to nearby computers, which will send information to your doctor, your lawyer, and the local police. As time passes, more and more of our lives will be _____35_____ by machines. They will know all about us. 21. A. splash B. cry C. yell D. scream 22. A. soon B. quietly C. silently D. simply 23 A. in B. within C. over D. on 24. A. No matter how B. However C. Whoever D. Whatever 25. A. established B. installed C. set D. equipped 26. A. show B. film C. propagate D. outline 27. A. postulated B. made C. programmed D. relayed 28. A. whether B. when C. while D. if 29. A. alarmed B. beeped C. warned D. alerted 30 A. healthy B. normal C. safe D. well 31. A. always B. merely C. readily D. already 32. A. watch out B. take care C. look back D. go over 33. A. terrorists B. invalids C. senators D. tyrants 34. A. will send B. to send C. send D. sending 35. A. recorded B. checked C. monitored D. supervised 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. D 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了Poseidon电子监控系统如何改变我们的生活方式，以及它如何帮助拯救溺水者的生命。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当人们溺水时，他们通常不会像电视上那样大喊大叫、四处扑腾。A. splash拍水；B. cry哭泣；C. yell大喊；D. scream尖叫。根据后文“Most people drown quite 　　　　　2　　　　　, with the person quickly sinking beneath the water.”可知，大多数人溺水时很安静，很快就沉到水下，所以不会大喊大叫、四处扑腾。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：大多数人溺水时很安静，很快就沉到水下。A. soon很快；B. quietly安静地；C. silently无声地；D. simply仅仅。根据前文“they don’t usually shout”可知，不会大喊大叫，所以沉默无声地。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：晚上，LeRoy正在测试他一口气能在水下游多远。A. in在……里面；B. within在内部；C. over在……期间；D. on在……上。根据后文“one breath”可知，此处是固定搭配：on one breath意为“一口气”。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查状语连接词辨析。句意：无论他怎么努力，他都无法呼吸。A. No matter how不管怎样；B. However不管怎样；C. Whoever无论是谁；D. Whatever无论什么。根据后文“he tried he couldn’t breathe”可知，此处表达“不管怎样”之意，又However是比较正式的用语，大都用于书面语，口语中较少使用；no matter how则比较口语化，它的语势比however重，故常用在强调的场合。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，游泳池安装了一个名为“波塞冬”的电子监控系统。A. established建立；B. installed安装；C. set设置；D. equipped装备。根据后文“an electronic surveillance system”可知，电子监控系统应该是被安装在游泳池。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：波塞冬有水下摄像机，可以拍摄人们游泳的过程。A. show显示；B. film拍摄；C. propagate传播；D. outline概述。根据前文“Poseidon has underwater cameras”可知，摄像机是用来拍摄的。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它的程序是，当游泳者不正常移动时，它就会识别出来。A. postulated假设；B. made制造；C. programmed编写程序；D. relayed转发。根据前文“an electronic surveillance system called Poseidon”可知，Poseidon是一个电子监控系统，所以应是被编程。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查状语连接词辨析。句意：它的程序是，当游泳者不正常移动时，它就会识别出来。A. whether是否；B. when当……时；C. while与……同时；D. if如果。根据后文“a swimmer is not moving normally.”可知，此处表达“当游泳者不正常移动时”之意。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：安塞尼斯游泳池的救生员都戴着一种特殊的设备，当电脑检测到可能出现的问题时，它就会发出哔哔声。A. alarmed使担心；B. beeped发出哔哔声；C. warned警告；D. alerted使警惕。根据前文“The lifeguards at the Ancenis pool were wearing a special device”可知，救生员带着装置，由常识推断，这个装置应是提醒救生员有人需要救援，所以应是发出哔哔声进行提醒。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在医院住了一夜之后，他完全康复出院了。A. healthy健康的；B. normal正常的；C. safe安全的；D. well状态良好。根据后文“Poseidon had saved his life.”可知，波塞冬救了他的命，所以他是完全恢复了。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这已经发生了。A. always总是；B. merely仅；C. readily乐意地；D. already已经。根据前文“Think of your life before the answering machine was invented. Think of your grandparents’ lives before the television and the airplane were introduced.”可知，作者的举例都是已发生的事。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们会小心溺水的人、携带炸弹的恐怖分子、超速驾驶的司机和心脏病患者。A. watch out提防；B. take care当心；C. look back回顾；D. go over仔细检查。根据后文“for drowning people, for 　　　　13　　　　 carrying bombs, for speeding drivers and heart patients.”可知，对于溺水的人，超速驾驶的司机和心脏病患者都应该小心。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们会小心溺水的人、携带炸弹的恐怖分子、超速驾驶的司机和心脏病患者。A. terrorists恐怖分子；B. invalids病弱者；C. senators参议员；D. tyrants暴君。根据后文“carrying bombs”可知，携带炸弹，应是恐怖分子。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：想象一下，机器向附近的计算机发送安静的信号，这些计算机将向你的医生、律师和当地警察发送信息。A. will send将发送；B. to send去发送；C. send发送；D. sending发送。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词Imagine，所以send用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语machines之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我们越来越多的生活将被机器监控。A. recorded记录；B. checked检查；C. monitored监视；D. supervised监督。根据前文“Imagine devices that monitor a baby’s breathing and track children as they go to and from school. Imagine machines 　　　　　14　　　　　 quiet signals to nearby computers, which will send information to your doctor, your lawyer, and the local police.”可知，我们越来越多的生活将被机器监控。故选C项。 第Ⅱ卷 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A black slate (石板), an alloy steel needle and decades of practice are what Li Yahua needs to create the perfect Huihe stone shadow carving work of art. With her left hand _____36_____ (gentle) leaning against the mirror-like stone to support the heavy chisel (凿子) she’s holding in her right hand, the artist creates a black-and-white landscape by intensively chiseling dots in various sizes and density on the stone. Different from traditional Chinese art types that emphasize the beauty of lines, stone shadow carving highlights the size and _____37_____ (deep) of dots. “We use an alloy steel needle to chisel white dots to create image on a polished and smooth black slate,” Li explained, adding the pressure _____38_____ (use) to chisel them was the key to getting the carving right. “On an A4-paper-size black slate, we need to chisel about 100 million dots _____39_____ (create) an image,” she continued, adding it would take 7 to 20 days to complete the work depending on its level of complexity. Born into a family of stone carves, stone and alloy steel needles _____40_____ (be) Li’s best friends since childhood and the sound of chisel _____41_____ (knock) on the slate is the soundtrack to her life. _____42_____ 56-year old has devoted nearly 40 years to the craft, which made someone laugh at the _____43_____ (absurd) of the situation. For her, shadow curving is about preserving history, culture and art, _____44_____ recording the stories of the times. “It is vital that we should be prepared ______45______twists and turns.” She said. 【答案】36. gently 37. depth 38. used 39. to create 40. have been 41. knocking 42. The 43. absurdity 44. and 45. for 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了艺术家李亚华用石板和针刻画石像的过程。 【36题详解】 考查副词。句意：左手轻轻地靠在镜子般的石头上，支撑着右手拿着的沉凿，这位艺术家通过在石头上密集地凿出各种大小和密度的点，创造了一幅黑白景观。分析句子结构可知，空处需填副词作状语，修饰动词“leaning”。故填gently。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：与强调线条美的中国传统艺术类型不同，石影雕刻突出了点的大小和深度。根据“the size and”可知，空处需填名词作宾语，depth作名词，表示“深度”，此处特指“点的深度”，用单数形式。故填depth。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：李亚华解释说：“我们用合金钢针在抛光光滑的黑色石板上凿出白点来仓造图像。”她补充说，被用来凿出白点的压力是雕刻正确的关键。分析句子结构可知，空处需填非谓语动词，“the pressure”和“use”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填used。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在A4纸大小的黑色石板上，我们需要凿出大约1亿个点来创建一个图像。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“need”，故空处需填非谓语动词，结合句意可知，凿出大约1亿个点是为了创建一个图像，故用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to create。 【40题详解】 考查现在完成时。句意：出生在一个石雕世家的李亚华，从小就与石针和合金钢针头为友，凿子敲击石板的声音是她生活的原声。分析句子结构可知，空处需填谓语动词，根据“since childhood”可知，用现在完成时，主语“stone and alloy steel needles”是复数，故填have been。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：出生在一个石雕世家的李亚华，从小就与石针和合金钢针头为友，凿子敲击石板的声音是她生活的原声。分析句子结构可知，空处需填非谓语动词，“chisel”和“knock”之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填knocking。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：56岁的李亚华已经为这项技术奉献了近40年的时间，这让一些人对这种荒谬的情况感到好笑。此处特指“56岁的李亚华”，用定冠词the，首字母大写。故填The。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：56岁的李亚华已经为这项技术奉献了近40年的时间，这让一些人对这种荒谬的情况感到好笑。根据“the”可知，空处需填名词作宾语，absurdity作名词，表示“荒谬，荒唐”，表示抽象含义时是不可数名词。故填absurdity。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：对她来说，石影雕刻是关于保存历史、文化和艺术，记录时代的故事。分析句子结构可知，“preserving history, culture and art”和“recording the stories of the times”是并列关系。故填and。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：为生命中的起伏波折做好准备是至关重要的。be prepared for表示“为……做好准备”。故填for。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 近期，你校将举行社团组织年终评价答辩活动。你作为校来同书院辩论社的负责人，将上台进行一分钟英文答辩，内容包括： (1)过去一年的成就； (2)不足的反思总结。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题纸上作答。 3.提示：来同书院Laitong College Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen! __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen! As the head of the Debate Club of Laitong College, I am honored to share our achievements and reflections from the past year. Firstly, we successfully hosted three inter-school debate competitions, which attracted over 200 participants and significantly enhanced our club’s reputation. Additionally, our team won the regional championship, showcasing our members’ exceptional skills and dedication. However, we recognize some shortcomings. Our recruitment efforts fell short, leading to a lack of diversity in new members. Moreover, internal communication gaps sometimes hindered our efficiency. Thank you for your support, and we look forward to an even brighter future! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生作为校来同书院辩论社的负责人，写一篇英文答辩，对过去一年的成就以及不足的反思总结。 【详解】1.词汇积累 荣幸：honored→privileged 导致：lead to→contribute to 此外：moreover→besides 举行：host→hold 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Our recruitment efforts fell short, leading to a lack of diversity in new members. 拓展句：Our recruitment efforts fell short, which led to a lack of diversity in new members. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Firstly, we successfully hosted three inter-school debate competitions, which attracted over 200 participants and significantly enhanced our club’s reputation. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Our recruitment efforts fell short, leading to a lack of diversity in new members. (运用了现在分词作状语) 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 After graduating from college, I worked as a salesman for a piano company. We advertised our pianos in small town newspapers and then, when we received many replies, we would load our little trucks, drive into the area and sell the pianos to those who had replied. Every time we advertised, we would receive a reply on a postcard which said, “Please bring me a new piano for my little granddaughter. It must be red mahogany(红木). I can pay $10 a month with my egg money.” Of course, we could not sell a new piano for $10 a month. No finance company would carry a contract with payments that small, so we ignored her postcards. One day, however, I happened to be in that area calling on other replies, and out of curiosity I decided to meet the old lady. I found pretty much what I expected: The old lady lived in a one-room cabin in the middle of a cotton field. The cabin had a dirt floor and there were chickens in the house. Obviously, she could not have qualified to purchase anything on credit—no car, no phone, no real job, nothing but a roof over her head. I could see daylight through the roof in several places. Her little granddaughter was about 8, barefoot and wearing a dress made out of cotton bags holding animal feed. I explained to the old lady that we could not sell a new piano for $10 a month and that she should stop writing to us every time she saw our advertisement. I drove away heartsick, but my advice had no effect—she still sent us the same postcard every time we advertised. Always wanting a new piano, red mahogany, she swore she would never miss a$10 payment. It was sad. Several years later, I owned my own piano company, and each time I advertised in that area, the old lady’s postcards would come to me. 注意： （1）续写词数应为 150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 One day when I was in that area, I made a big decision. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Twenty years later, while sitting at a bar, I heard the most beautiful piano music behind me. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One day when I was in the area, I made a big decision. Despite knowing that it was a terrible business decision, I loaded a red mahogany piano onto my little truck. I delivered the piano to the old lady. I placed the new piano in the house, advised her and the little girl to keep the chickens off it and left. I was sure that I had just thrown away a new piano. To my surprise, the payments came in on time with a thank-you note every month. Twenty years later while sitting at a bar. I heard the most beautiful piano music behind me. Looking around, I saw a lovely young woman playing a very nice grand piano. Stunned by her great performance, I moved to a table beside her. She stopped and smiled at me politely, “Aren’t you the man who sold my grandma a piano a long time ago?” It didn’t ring a bell, so she started to explain. And I suddenly remembered., My Lord, it was her, the little barefoot girl in the feed sack dress! I was so glad that my kindness did make a real difference. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者大学毕业后在一家钢琴公司当销售员，每当公司做广告的时候，公司总会收到一位老太太的明信片，上面写着“请给我的小孙女送一架新钢琴。一定是红木的。我可以用卖蛋的钱每个月付10美元”。出于好奇，作者找到了这位老太太，知道了老太太比较贫穷，作者向老太太解释道，不能以每月10美元的价格卖出一架新钢琴，所以她应该停止给公司写信。几年后，作者拥有自己的钢琴公司，每当作者在那个地方做广告时，作者就会收到老太太寄的那张明信片。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“有一天，我在那附近，做了一个重大决定。”可知，第一段可描写作者决定要送给老太太送一架钢琴，但是作者每月都能收到老太太支付的十美元。 ②由第二段首句内容“20年后，我坐在酒吧里，听到身后最美妙的钢琴声。”可知，第二段可描写作者听到了最美妙的钢琴声，这正是老太太的孙女所弹奏的。 2.续写线索：做决定——送钢琴——每月收到10美元——听到最美妙的钢琴——一位年轻的女士在弹奏——发现这位女士是老太太的孙女——作者很高兴自己当时做了那个决定 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①放下：placed /put ②建议：advised /suggested ③离开：left /went away 情绪类 ①使我惊讶：To my surprise /To my astonishment ②高兴的：glad / pleased / delighted / happy 【点睛】[高分句型1]Despite knowing that it was a terrible business decision, loaded a red mahogany piano onto my little truck.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） [高分句型2] Looking around, I saw a lovely young woman playing a very nice grand piano.（运用了非谓语动词作状语，表示伴随状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$