精品解析：福建省莆田市莆田第五中学2023-2024学年高一年级上学期期末考英语试题

莆田五中2023-2024学年度上学期期末考试试卷 高一英语 满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 第一部分 听力（略） 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Family-Friendly Events in January ZooLights: Glow Wild Jan. 1-19 The Phoenix Zoo’s yearly holiday light show is on until Jan. 19, allowing families one or more opportunities to enjoy the city’s zoo, with millions of lights giving an added dimension to the festivities. Glow Wild, 455 N. Galvin Pkwy. , Phoenix, phoenixzoo.org, $11. 95 members, $13. 95 general admission. Downtown Mesa Festival of the Arts Jan. 4-18 The Downtown Mesa Festival of the Arts features the work of established and emerging artists, including those who create woodwork, metal crafts, food items, art, photography and gifts. On Macdonald, off of Main Street in Downtown Mesa, dtmesafest.com, free admission. Family Fun Winterfest Jan. 4 OdySea Aquarium in the Desert is hosting the third annual Family Fun Winterfest in its Desert Courtyard, featuring real snow for the kids to play in. This free event features everything from bounce houses to rides, games, snowflake crafts and face painting to go with various stands set up by local sellers, with food and other offerings for sale at the event. 9500 E. Via de Ventura, Scottsdale, odyseainthedesert.com, free. Youth Fine Arts Course Jan. 18-Mar. 7 Mesa Arts Center is hosting an eight-week youth arts course on Saturdays to teach artistic skills and knowledge through fun and challenging art classes in a wide variety of art materials, including painting, drawing, mixed media and sculpture, ensuring mentally stimulating sessions for all. Mesa Art Center, 1 E. Main St, Mesa, mesaartscenter.com, $93. 1. How can you get a discounted ticket to the ZooLights show? A. Bring a friend. B. Get a membership. C. Join a tour group. D. Book a ticket online. 2. What can you do at Family Fun Winterfest? A. Have free food. B. Take art classes. C. Enjoy real snow. D. Meet local artists. 3. Which event lasts the longest? A. ZooLights: Glow Wild. B. Downtown Mesa Festival of the Arts. C. Youth Fine Arts Courses. D. Family Fun Winterfest. B George Ahearn, who grew up in the farming town of Othello, Washington, co-founded EastWest Food Rescue after learning that COVID-19 was costing local farmers so much business that they were willing to destroy their crops. His nonprofit has since moved three million pounds of produce from farms in eastern Washington to the western part of the state for distribution to hundreds of food banks and meal programs. “I know these people that I grew up with on one hand, and on the other hand I know there is a need here; I’m just going to connect the two dots,” said Ahearn, 45, who now lives in Bothell, Washington. He started by calling local food banks who said they would be glad to take some of the produce that would otherwise go to waste. But when he called the farmers, they wanted to give him truck loads of potatoes and onions—more than Ahearn’s car could handle. He also had another problem; food banks needed the potatoes and onions to be cleaned and bagged before donation (捐赠). “What I didn’t realize was the logistical nightmare because I thought I could just show up with potatoes harvested straight from the ground and give them right to the food bank... I couldn’t believe it.” So, Ahearn put out a call for help on Facebook. That’s how he connected with his two co-founders, Nancy Balin and Zsofia Pasztor. While Balin helped organize the convoy (运输) to drive across Washington to pick up the produce, Pasztor assembled volunteers to clean and bag the food, which was then distributed through connections at her another nonprofit Farmer Frog. Since May, EastWest Food Rescue has grown the size of its operations and convoys. They have reached three million pounds of donated food. Aheam has a message for anyone who wants to make their community (社区) a better place “I have seen minutes of effort move thousands, and thousands of pounds (of food). Just figure out what you are passionate about and what you could get involved in.” 4. How did Ahearn help his local community? A. By doing volunteer work. B. By making food donations. C. By purchasing their produce. D. By moving produce to food banks. 5. What troubled Ahearn when carrying out his plan? A. He knew little about packaging. B. The produce was too much to take away. C. The food banks were too far away. D. Much of the produce had gone bad. 6. What does Ahearn’s message in the last paragraph indicate? A. Many hands make light work. B. Actions speak louder than words. C. The longest journey begins with the first step. D. Never was a good work done without great effort. 7. What can be the best title for the text? A. Food banks benefit from fresh produce B. Social media marketing for nonprofits C. Farmers’ businesses affected by Covid-19 D. Connecting the dots between farm and hunger C Should we allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in a historic area of a city? In order to answer this question, we must first examine whether people really want to preserve the historic feel of an area. Not all historical buildings are attractive. However, there may be other reasons—for example, economic (经济的) reasons—why they should be preserved. So, let us assume that historical buildings are both attractive and important to the majority of people. What should we do then if a new building is needed? In my view, new architectural styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style. Indeed, there are many examples in my own home town of Tours where modern designs have been placed very successfully next to old buildings. As long as the building in question is pleasing and does not dominate (影响) its surroundings too much, it often improves the attractiveness of the area. It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt (破坏) the area they are in, but the same can be said of some old buildings too. Yet people still speak against new buildings in historic areas. I think this is simply because people are naturally conservative(保守的)and do not like change. Although we have to respect people’s feelings as fellow users of the buildings, I believe that it is the duty of the architect and planner to move things forward . If we always reproduced what was there before, we would all still be living in caves. Thus, I would argue against copying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different , even though that might be the more risky choice. 8. What does the author say about historical buildings in the first paragraph? A. Some of them are not attractive. B. Most of them ate too expensive to preserve. C. They are more pleasing than modern buildings. D. They have nothing to do with the historic feel of an area. 9. Which of the following is true according to the author ? A. We should reproduce the same old buildings. B. Buildings should not dominate their surroundings. C. Some old buildings have spoilt the area they are in. D. No one understands why people speak against new buildings. 10. By “move things forward ” in the last paragraph , the author probably means“ ” A. destroy old buildings B. put things in a different place C. respect people’s feelings for historical buildings D. choose new architectural styles 11. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To explain why people dislike change. B. To argue that modern buildings can be built in historic areas. C. To warn that we could end up living in caves. D To admit how new buildings have ruined their surroundings. D Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others? A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages. More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose. They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure (结构), making it easier to produce such sounds. The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn’t have to do as much work and so didn’t grow to be so large. Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today. This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago. “The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,” said Steven Moran, a member of the research team. 12. Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi’s research focus on? A. Its variety. B. Its distribution. C. Its quantity. D. Its development. 13. Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals? A. They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth. B. They could not open and close their lips easily. C. Their jaws were not conveniently structured. D. Their lower front teeth were not large enough. 14. What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A. Supporting evidence for the research results. B Potential application of the research findings. C. A further explanation of the research methods. D. A reasonable doubt about the research process. 15. What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds? A. It is key to effective communication. B. It contributes much to cultural diversity. C. It is a complex and dynamic system. D. It drives the evolution of human beings. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Keeping curious kids from disrupting wildlife Interacting with the wild, naturally curious kids tend to collect seashells at the beach or keep small wildlife as pets. ____16____ So how to help kids protect the wild while enjoying spending time outsides? Here are alternatives for some of the most common outdoor behavior no-nos. Take an interest, not things. Kids show interest in picking flowers, rocks, or shells outdoors. They’re part of wildlife's habitat and play an important role. ____17____ Let kids explore with a magnifying glass (放大镜)instead of their curious fingers. Let whatever they find outside stay outside. ____18____ It seems a fun idea to throw pieces of bread to ducks. Animals have unique dietary needs that are different from humans. Eating human food can make them sick or become dependent on human food. Bears are an example of animals that often have to be killed after developing a taste for human food. Admire animal afar, not disrupt nearby. The urge to take a photo with a squirrel, bird, or slow-moving turtle can be strong for kids. ____19____ Instead, remind kids to stay away and show them how to use a camera's zoom button, or just admire with their eyes. Take well-worn paths, not off-road romps (嬉戏). Kicking piles of leaves, stepping on bushes, and walking through forested areas can unintentionally scare wildlife. If surprised animals defend their homes, everyone could get hurt. Nobody likes having a guest come in and destroy their home and act rudely.____20____ A. Keep snacks away from animals. B. Share food if animals are hungry. C. Exposure to them develops kids’ love and curiosity. D. The same rule applies to visiting wildlife in their homes. E. Animals rely on plants for hiding; rocks and shells, for homes. F. Approaching animals disrupts what they do for survival, such as eating. G. Despite innocent purposes, kids’ curiosity accidentally damages the wild. 第三部分 语言运用（共四节，满分55分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last week, not far from our community in Iowa City, a cat was stuck in a tree for several days. It got up there by itself. It does have ____21____, and it was perfectly able to climb back down the way it came. But somehow, the cat didn’t ____22____ this. One would be hero tried ____23____ the tree, but the cat climbed higher out of reach of its ____24____. Another guy tried using a ladder to ____25____ the cat. But again, the cat climbed even higher, this time 30 feet up to the ____26____ branches that could not hold the weight of a person. And in the winter, with ice and snow on the ____27____, it was downright foolhardy (十分鲁莽的). Not to mention the fact that the ____28____ cat had already bitten one rescuer. Iowa City police officer Troy Kelsay had to ____29____ any more such acts of bravery. But something had to be done. Later, a cherry picker was rented and the poor creature was brought ____30____ back to earth. And all this worry and expense and physical effort was for a ____31____ animal! Nobody owned it. All these people had come together to rescue the cat for no other reason than pure ____32____. I don’t know if our cat, Shavi, climbs the bookcase because she really thinks she is a mountain lion or just because she ____33____ to look down on humans. But I hate to ____34____ what would happen if she ever got outside and tried to climb a tree. But in a cat friendly ____35____ like ours, I guess she’d be all right. 21. A. eyes B. claws C. advantages D. problems 22. A. prefer B. avoid C. forget D. know 23. A. shaking B. climbing C. cutting D. approaching 24. A. partner B. owner C. rescuer D. controller 25. A. support B. amuse C. calm D. reach 26. A. smaller B. greener C. older D. lower 27. A. branches B. houses C. ladders D. roads 28. A. clever B. brave C. escaped D. terrified 29. A. appreciate B. forbid C. consider D. ignore 30. A. hardly B. secretly C. strangely D. safely 31. A. lovely B. homeless C. careful D. young 32. A. kindness B. devotion C. curiosity D. generosity 33. A. refuses B. struggles C. likes D. fails 34. A. acknowledge B. explain C. remember D. imagine 35. A. world B. village C. neighborhood D. family 第二节 语法填空 阅读下面两篇短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。（每空1分，空10分，两篇共20分） （一） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has countless ____36____(attract). The Great Wall is probably one that is most familiar to the Western tourists. The Great Wall is like a giant stone dragon, ____37____ (run) across the country from the ocean on the east____38____ the desert on the west. It is the longest wall that ____39____ (build) ever, 1,500 miles in length. Along the wall ____40____ (be) watch towers, where soldiers were on the watch for threats. The wall was initially built to prevent the neighbouring states from ____41____ (attack) our country, and the majority of the existing wall is from ____42____ Ming Dynasty. From the top of the Great Wall, people can enjoy an ____43____ (impress) view of continuous mountains, green trees and blooming wild flowers. If we were to build such a wall now, we would use modern machines. However, the ancient Chinese had to build the wall by hand. The Great Wall represents the highest wisdom of ancient China, ____44____ attracts tourists from all over the world every year. As the saying goes, “he who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.” ____45____ (doubt) a day tour or a long hike along the Great Wall allows you to travel back in time to feel the thousands of years’ups and downs of the ancient Kingdom of China. （二） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the process of economic development, there ____46____ (come) a time when the old must give way to the new. While ____47____ (move) towards the future, we are hardly able to preserve everything from our past. Hence, ____48____ (keep) the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a great challenge. In the 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam ____49____ function is to control floods, produce electricity and so on. However, the proposal led to protests, because the water from ____50____ dam would ____51____ (like) damage a number of cultural relics. However, big challenges can sometimes lead to great ____52____ (solve). The government turned to the United Nations ____53____ help in 1959. A committee ____54____ (establish) to deal with the challenge and the experts investigated the issue, conducted tests and made a proposal for ____55____ the buildings could be saved. Finally, the project began in1960. 第三节 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空（每题1分，共10分） 56. When my mother saw my sculpture, she told me how ______ (create) my designs were. (所给词的适当形式填空) 57. A quick review of successes and ___________ (失败) at the end of year will help shape your year ahead. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 58. Thirty miners ________ (trap) in the mine after yesterday’s explosion.（所给词的适当形式填空） 59. As far as I know, he ___________ (refer) to as a living Lei Feng by people nowadays. (所给词的适当形式填空) 60. Upon entering the farm, we were attracted by its cleanness and ________ (vary) of fruits. (所给词的适当形式填空) 61. ________(compare) our products to those of our competitors, we are full of confidence. （所给词的适当形式填空） 62. The soldiers ________ (营救) the citizens buried in the ruins when another big quake shook Tangshan again. （根据汉语提示填空） 63. The ________ (survive) of the fire disaster were wandering in the street, begging for help. （所给词的适当形式填空） 64. Some of the forest are about to disappear forever, for which human’s destruction will not ________ (原谅). （根据汉语提示填空） 65. Having a balanced diet and taking regular exercises are e________(同等，相同) important. （根据中英文提示拼写单词） 第四节 根据句意完成下列句子。（每题1分，共10分） 66. 如果你不提它，我会很感激。 I’d ________ ________ ________ you wouldn’t mention it. 67. 在实践中取得的经验将对我们的工作很有好处。 The experience gained in practice will ________ ________ ________ ________ to our work. 68. 它可以追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期…… It ______ ______ several thousand years ______ the use of longgu... 69. 随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。 As China ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ global affairs an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this amazing language. 70. 唐山重新站了起来，并获得了新生。 Tangshan started to revive itself and ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 71. 由于条件险恶和道路受损、食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。 Dangerous conditions and damaged roads will ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ food and supplies. 72. 做一些小事有助于增强我们的信心。 Doing small things can contribute to ________ ________ ________ ________ 73. 抗议是没有用的，我是不会改变我的想法。 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. I won’t change my mind. 74. 仿佛世界末日即将来临。 It seemed as if the world ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 75. 通过积极看待我和自己的身体，我变得更加快乐，也更加健康了。 By ________ ________ ________ myself and my body, I became both happier and healthier. 第四部分 写作（满分15分） 76. 为西部贫困地区教学条件的改善出一份力，你校学生会打算本周五下午在学校操场举行一次义卖活动来筹集资金。假如你是学生会主席，请你用英语写一份书面通知，通知内容包括： 1．活动时间、地点 2．活动内容 参考词汇：义卖：a charity sale 注意：词数120左右，可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯。 Notice ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Student Union 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 莆田五中2023-2024学年度上学期期末考试试卷 高一英语 满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 第一部分 听力（略） 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Family-Friendly Events in January ZooLights: Glow Wild Jan. 1-19 The Phoenix Zoo’s yearly holiday light show is on until Jan. 19, allowing families one or more opportunities to enjoy the city’s zoo, with millions of lights giving an added dimension to the festivities. Glow Wild, 455 N. Galvin Pkwy. , Phoenix, phoenixzoo.org, $11. 95 members, $13. 95 general admission. Downtown Mesa Festival of the Arts Jan. 4-18 The Downtown Mesa Festival of the Arts features the work of established and emerging artists, including those who create woodwork, metal crafts, food items, art, photography and gifts. On Macdonald, off of Main Street in Downtown Mesa, dtmesafest.com, free admission. Family Fun Winterfest Jan. 4 OdySea Aquarium in the Desert is hosting the third annual Family Fun Winterfest in its Desert Courtyard, featuring real snow for the kids to play in. This free event features everything from bounce houses to rides, games, snowflake crafts and face painting to go with various stands set up by local sellers, with food and other offerings for sale at the event. 9500 E. Via de Ventura, Scottsdale, odyseainthedesert.com, free. Youth Fine Arts Course Jan. 18-Mar. 7 Mesa Arts Center is hosting an eight-week youth arts course on Saturdays to teach artistic skills and knowledge through fun and challenging art classes in a wide variety of art materials, including painting, drawing, mixed media and sculpture, ensuring mentally stimulating sessions for all. Mesa Art Center, 1 E. Main St, Mesa, mesaartscenter.com, $93. 1. How can you get a discounted ticket to the ZooLights show? A. Bring a friend. B. Get a membership. C. Join a tour group. D. Book a ticket online. 2. What can you do at Family Fun Winterfest? A. Have free food. B. Take art classes. C. Enjoy real snow. D. Meet local artists. 3. Which event lasts the longest? A. ZooLights: Glow Wild. B. Downtown Mesa Festival of the Arts. C. Youth Fine Arts Courses. D. Family Fun Winterfest. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个在一月份举办的家庭友好活动。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据ZooLights: Glow Wild Jan. 1-19部分中“$11. 95 members, $13. 95 general admission (会员11.95美元；普通门票13.95美元，)”可知，获得会员资格就可以买到ZooLights表演的折扣票。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Family Fun Winterfest Jan.4部分中“OdySea Aquarium in the Desert is hosting the third annual Family Fun Winterfest in its Desert Courtyard, featuring real snow for the kids to play in.(位于沙漠中的奥德海水族馆正在其沙漠庭院举办第三届年度家庭趣味冬季活动，以真正的雪为特色，供孩子们玩耍)”可知，在Family Fun Winterfest可以欣赏到真正的雪。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章内容可知ZooLights: Glow Wild从1月1日到19日；Downtown Mesa Festival of the Arts从1月4日到18日；Family Fun Winterfest在1月4日；Youth Fine Arts Course从1月18日到3月7日。所以Youth Fine Arts Courses持续时间最长。故选C。 B George Ahearn who grew up in the farming town of Othello, Washington, co-founded EastWest Food Rescue after learning that COVID-19 was costing local farmers so much business that they were willing to destroy their crops. His nonprofit has since moved three million pounds of produce from farms in eastern Washington to the western part of the state for distribution to hundreds of food banks and meal programs. “I know these people that I grew up with on one hand, and on the other hand I know there is a need here; I’m just going to connect the two dots,” said Ahearn, 45, who now lives in Bothell, Washington. He started by calling local food banks who said they would be glad to take some of the produce that would otherwise go to waste. But when he called the farmers, they wanted to give him truck loads of potatoes and onions—more than Ahearn’s car could handle. He also had another problem; food banks needed the potatoes and onions to be cleaned and bagged before donation (捐赠). “What I didn’t realize was the logistical nightmare because I thought I could just show up with potatoes harvested straight from the ground and give them right to the food bank... I couldn’t believe it.” So, Ahearn put out a call for help on Facebook. That’s how he connected with his two co-founders, Nancy Balin and Zsofia Pasztor. While Balin helped organize the convoy (运输) to drive across Washington to pick up the produce, Pasztor assembled volunteers to clean and bag the food, which was then distributed through connections at her another nonprofit Farmer Frog. Since May, EastWest Food Rescue has grown the size of its operations and convoys. They have reached three million pounds of donated food. Aheam has a message for anyone who wants to make their community (社区) a better place, “I have seen minutes of effort move thousands, and thousands of pounds (of food). Just figure out what you are passionate about and what you could get involved in.” 4. How did Ahearn help his local community? A. By doing volunteer work. B. By making food donations. C. By purchasing their produce. D. By moving produce to food banks. 5. What troubled Ahearn when carrying out his plan? A. He knew little about packaging. B. The produce was too much to take away. C. The food banks were too far away. D. Much of the produce had gone bad. 6. What does Ahearn’s message in the last paragraph indicate? A. Many hands make light work. B. Actions speak louder than words. C. The longest journey begins with the first step. D. Never was a good work done without great effort. 7. What can be the best title for the text? A. Food banks benefit from fresh produce B. Social media marketing for nonprofits C. Farmers’ businesses affected by Covid-19 D. Connecting the dots between farm and hunger 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。为了避免疫情下的食物浪费，George Ahearn组织了一个非盈利性的公益组织，在自己的家乡人和所居住的社区间架起了一座爱心桥梁。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“His nonprofit has since moved three million pounds of produce from farms in eastern Washington to the western part of the state for distribution to hundreds of food banks and meal programs.（他的非营利组织已经将300万磅农产品从华盛顿州东部的农场转移到华盛顿州西部，分发给数百家食品银行和餐饮项目。）”可知，他通过将农产品转移到食物银行来帮助他的当地社区。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“they wanted to give him truck loads of potatoes and onions—more than Ahearn’s car could handle（他们想给他大量的土豆和洋葱——Ahearn的车根本应付不了）”可知，实施计划时Ahearn面临的问题是的车太小，无法运输大量的土豆和洋葱之类的农民放弃的农产品。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I have seen minutes of effort move thousands, and thousands of pounds （of food）（短短几分钟时间，这些几千镑的农产品就搬运完了）”可知，许多人都加入到Ahearn的公益组织，东西很快就运完了。由此推知他的话体现了“人多力量大”。故选A。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段“George Ahearn, who grew up in the farming town of Othello, Washington, co-founded East West Food Rescue after learning that COVID-19 was costing local farmers so much business that they were willing to destroy their crops.（乔治·埃亨(George Ahearn)在华盛顿的农业小镇奥瑟罗长大，在了解到2019冠状病毒病让当地农民损失惨重，以至于他们愿意毁掉自己的作物后，他与他人共同创立了东西方粮食救援组织(East West Food Rescue)。）”可知，文章主要讲述Ahearn通过自己所创立的公益组织EastWest Food Rescue,把自己华盛顿东部家乡农民由于疫情不要的农产品运输到自己居住的西部地区，免费赠送给社区附近的食物救济点，Ahearn和他的伙伴在这个过程中起到了为公益事业牵线搭桥的作用。故D项符合此意。故选D。 C Should we allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in a historic area of a city? In order to answer this question, we must first examine whether people really want to preserve the historic feel of an area. Not all historical buildings are attractive. However, there may be other reasons—for example, economic (经济的) reasons—why they should be preserved. So, let us assume that historical buildings are both attractive and important to the majority of people. What should we do then if a new building is needed? In my view, new architectural styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style. Indeed, there are many examples in my own home town of Tours where modern designs have been placed very successfully next to old buildings. As long as the building in question is pleasing and does not dominate (影响) its surroundings too much, it often improves the attractiveness of the area. It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt (破坏) the area they are in, but the same can be said of some old buildings too. Yet people still speak against new buildings in historic areas. I think this is simply because people are naturally conservative(保守的)and do not like change. Although we have to respect people’s feelings as fellow users of the buildings, I believe that it is the duty of the architect and planner to move things forward . If we always reproduced what was there before, we would all still be living in caves. Thus, I would argue against copying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different , even though that might be the more risky choice. 8. What does the author say about historical buildings in the first paragraph? A. Some of them are not attractive. B. Most of them ate too expensive to preserve. C. They are more pleasing than modern buildings. D. They have nothing to do with the historic feel of an area. 9. Which of the following is true according to the author ? A. We should reproduce the same old buildings. B. Buildings should not dominate their surroundings. C. Some old buildings have spoilt the area they are in. D. No one understands why people speak against new buildings. 10. By “move things forward ” in the last paragraph , the author probably means“ ” A. destroy old buildings B. put things in a different place C. respect people’s feelings for historical buildings D. choose new architectural styles 11. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To explain why people dislike change. B. To argue that modern buildings can be built in historic areas. C. To warn that we could end up living in caves. D. To admit how new buildings have ruined their surroundings. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是说明文。文章对于现在人们经常讨论的问题——是否现代的建筑应该和古老的历史建筑在一起——进行阐述，在作者看来历史建筑应该保存，但是我们的建筑风格也应该改变，不能因为历史建筑破坏我们的生活。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“not all historical buildings are attractive.”（不是所有的历史建筑都是有吸引力的）可知，not all是部分否定的句子，说明一些历史建筑不够有吸引力，故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt (破坏) the area they are in, but the same can be said of some old buildings too.”（确实有例子新建筑破坏所处的区域,但同样一些老建筑也可以破坏。），可知作者认为一些历史建筑将他们生活的地方破坏了，故选C。 【10题详解】 句意猜测题。根据文章第四段的句子：If we always reproduced what was there before, we would all still be living in caves.（如果我们总是复制以前的东西，我们现在还住在山洞里面），可知要尊重人们对老建筑的感情的同时，向前进，“moving things forward”意思是“选择新的建筑风格”，故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Should we allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in a historic area of a city?”（我们应该允许现代建筑建在一个城市的历史地区的老建筑旁边吗）可知，这篇文章是论证现代的建筑可以建在历史遗迹的地方，故选B。 【点睛】 D Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others? A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages. More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose. They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure (结构), making it easier to produce such sounds. The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn’t have to do as much work and so didn’t grow to be so large. Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today. This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago. “The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,” said Steven Moran, a member of the research team. 12. Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi’s research focus on? A. Its variety. B. Its distribution. C. Its quantity. D. Its development. 13. Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals? A. They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth. B. They could not open and close their lips easily. C. Their jaws were not conveniently structured. D. Their lower front teeth were not large enough. 14. What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A. Supporting evidence for the research results. B. Potential application of the research findings. C. A further explanation of the research methods. D. A reasonable doubt about the research process. 15. What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds? A. It is key to effective communication. B. It contributes much to cultural diversity. C. It is a complex and dynamic system. D. It drives the evolution of human beings. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍因为饮食的改变导致了现在在世界上一半的语言中发现了新的语音。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damian Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.(30多年前，学者Charles Hockett注意到，被称为唇齿音的语音，如“f”和“v”，在吃软食物的社会的语言中更常见。现在，瑞士苏黎世大学的Damian Blasi领导的一组研究人员发现了这一趋势产生的方式和原因)”可知，Damian Blasi的研究关注的是这一趋势是如何产生的以及产生的原因，可知他的研究重点是在语言的演变上。故选D项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned, making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure , making it easier to produce such sounds.(他们发现，古人类的上门牙和下门牙是对齐的，因此很难产生唇齿音，唇齿音是通过下唇接触上牙齿而形成的。后来，我们的下颚变成了覆盖咬合结构，更容易发出这样的声音)”可知，因为古代成年人因为上下门牙是对齐的，他们的下颚结构跟现在的我们不一样，这就导致他们发不出这个唇齿音，也就是说他们的下颚结构使他们很难发出唇齿音。故选C项。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第五段中的“Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the so Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v”increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.(对语言数据库的分析也证实，在新石器时代之后，世界语言的发音发生了全球性的变化，在过去几千年里，“f”和“v”的使用显著增加。这些声音在今天许多狩猎采集者的语言中仍然没有发现)”可知，此段主要是通过介绍语言数据库的分析结果来证实语音是发生了很大变化，有些以前使用的语音，现在不一定找得到，因此此处主要是通过相关证据进一步证明研究结果。故选A项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中““The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,” said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.(研究小组成员Steven Moran说：“自从人类出现以来，我们使用的语音不一定保持稳定，我们今天发现的各种语音都是生物变化和文化进化等复杂相互作用的产物。”)”可知，人类的语意一直在发展变化中，并不会一成不变，而且会因生物变化和文化变化等进行复杂的相互作用而改变，因此可知Steven Moran认为语音是一个复杂的动态系统。故选C项。 【点睛】 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Keeping curious kids from disrupting wildlife Interacting with the wild, naturally curious kids tend to collect seashells at the beach or keep small wildlife as pets. ____16____ So how to help kids protect the wild while enjoying spending time outsides? Here are alternatives for some of the most common outdoor behavior no-nos. Take an interest, not things. Kids show interest in picking flowers, rocks, or shells outdoors. They’re part of wildlife's habitat and play an important role. ____17____ Let kids explore with a magnifying glass (放大镜)instead of their curious fingers. Let whatever they find outside stay outside. ____18____ It seems a fun idea to throw pieces of bread to ducks. Animals have unique dietary needs that are different from humans. Eating human food can make them sick or become dependent on human food. Bears are an example of animals that often have to be killed after developing a taste for human food. Admire animal afar, not disrupt nearby. The urge to take a photo with a squirrel, bird, or slow-moving turtle can be strong for kids. ____19____ Instead, remind kids to stay away and show them how to use a camera's zoom button, or just admire with their eyes. Take well-worn paths, not off-road romps (嬉戏). Kicking piles of leaves, stepping on bushes, and walking through forested areas can unintentionally scare wildlife. If surprised animals defend their homes, everyone could get hurt. Nobody likes having a guest come in and destroy their home and act rudely.____20____ A. Keep snacks away from animals. B. Share food if animals are hungry. C. Exposure to them develops kids’ love and curiosity. D. The same rule applies to visiting wildlife in their homes. E. Animals rely on plants for hiding; rocks and shells, for homes. F. Approaching animals disrupts what they do for survival, such as eating. G. Despite innocent purposes, kids’ curiosity accidentally damages the wild. 【答案】16. G 17. E 18. A 19. F 20. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了怎样帮助孩子们在享受户外时光的同时保护自然环境。 【16题详解】 上文“Interacting with the wild, naturally curious kids tend to collect seashells at the beach or keep small wildlife as pets.(与野生动物互动，生性好奇的孩子倾向于在海滩收集贝壳或养小型野生动物作为宠物。)”说明孩子们喜欢与野生动物互动，选项G“尽管目的单纯，孩子们的好奇心意外地破坏了野生环境。”承接上文，提出孩子在和野生动物互动的过程中可能会意外地破坏野生环境的问题，引出下文“So how to help kids protect the wild while enjoying spending time outsides?(那么如何帮助孩子们在享受户外时光的同时保护自然环境呢？)”提出怎样解决问题。选项中curiosity 和上文中curious 致，故选G项。 【17题详解】 上文“Kids show interest in picking flowers, rocks, or shells outdoors. They're part of wildlife's habitat and play an important role.(孩子们对在户外采摘花朵、岩石或贝壳表现出兴趣。它们是野生动物栖息地的一部分，起着重要的作用。)”说明孩子们所感兴趣的东西正是野生动物栖息地的一部分，起着重要作用，选项E“动物依靠植物来躲藏，依靠岩石和贝壳作为家园。”承接上文，具体说明这些东西的作用。选项中plants以及rocks and shells和上文中flowers, rocks, or shells语义相关，文意通顺，逻辑合理。故选E项。 【18题详解】 下文“Animals have unique dietary needs that are different from humans. Eating human food can make them sick or become dependent on human food.(动物有着与人类不同的独特的饮食需求。吃人类的食物会使他们生病或变得依赖人类的食物。)”说明向动物投送零食是不正确的行为，选项A“保持零食远离动物。”概括本段主题，说明不要向动物投送零食。选项中snacks和下文中dietary needs以及food语义相关，文意通顺，逻辑合理。故选A项。 【19题详解】 本段首句“Admire animal afar, not disrupt nearby.(远远地观看动物，不要靠近打扰。)”说明本段主题是不要靠近动物，选项F“靠近动物会扰乱它们为生存所做的事情，比如吃东西。”符合本段主题，具体解释靠近动物对动物的生存影响，引出下文“Instead, remind kids to stay away(相反，你应该提醒孩子们离远点)”说明孩子要离动物远些。选项中disrupts和上文主题句中disrupt词汇重叠，语义一致，选项中Approaching animals和下文中stay away语义相对。文意通顺，逻辑合理。故选F项。 【20题详解】 上文“Nobody likes having a guest come in and destroy their home and act rudely.(没有人喜欢有客人闯进来，破坏他们的房子，行为粗鲁。)”说明人们不喜欢有人闯进家来，破坏居住环境，且行为粗鲁，选项D“同样的规则也适用于探访野生动物的家园。”说明同样的规则也适用于野生动物。上下文语义通顺，逻辑合理。故选D项。 第三部分 语言运用（共四节，满分55分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last week, not far from our community in Iowa City, a cat was stuck in a tree for several days. It got up there by itself. It does have ____21____, and it was perfectly able to climb back down the way it came. But somehow, the cat didn’t ____22____ this. One would be hero tried ____23____ the tree, but the cat climbed higher out of reach of its ____24____. Another guy tried using a ladder to ____25____ the cat. But again, the cat climbed even higher, this time 30 feet up to the ____26____ branches that could not hold the weight of a person. And in the winter, with ice and snow on the ____27____, it was downright foolhardy (十分鲁莽的). Not to mention the fact that the ____28____ cat had already bitten one rescuer. Iowa City police officer Troy Kelsay had to ____29____ any more such acts of bravery. But something had to be done. Later, a cherry picker was rented and the poor creature was brought ____30____ back to earth. And all this worry and expense and physical effort was for a ____31____ animal! Nobody owned it. All these people had come together to rescue the cat for no other reason than pure ____32____. I don’t know if our cat, Shavi, climbs the bookcase because she really thinks she is a mountain lion or just because she ____33____ to look down on humans. But I hate to ____34____ what would happen if she ever got outside and tried to climb a tree. But in a cat friendly ____35____ like ours, I guess she’d be all right. 21. A. eyes B. claws C. advantages D. problems 22. A. prefer B. avoid C. forget D. know 23. A. shaking B. climbing C. cutting D. approaching 24. A. partner B. owner C. rescuer D. controller 25. A. support B. amuse C. calm D. reach 26. A. smaller B. greener C. older D. lower 27. A. branches B. houses C. ladders D. roads 28. A. clever B. brave C. escaped D. terrified 29. A. appreciate B. forbid C. consider D. ignore 30. A. hardly B. secretly C. strangely D. safely 31. A. lovely B. homeless C. careful D. young 32. A. kindness B. devotion C. curiosity D. generosity 33. A. refuses B. struggles C. likes D. fails 34. A. acknowledge B. explain C. remember D. imagine 35. A. world B. village C. neighborhood D. family 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为记叙文。文章通过讲述在爱荷华城社区附近发生的一起救猫事件，叙述了人们如何齐心协力救助一只困在树上的流浪猫的过程。 21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它确实有爪子，而且它完全能够沿着来时的路爬回去。A. eyes眼睛； B. claws爪子； C. advantages优势； D. problems问题。根据前文“Last week, not far from our community in Iowa City, a cat was stuck in a tree for several days.”可知，是一只猫被困在树上，而猫是有爪子的，能帮助它爬回去。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但不知怎么的，猫并不知道这些。A. prefer更喜欢； B. avoid避免； C. forget忘记； D. know知道。根据前文“Last week, not far from our community in Iowa City, a cat was stuck in a tree for several days.”可知，猫被困好几天了，所以是不知怎么的，猫并不知道它完全能够沿着来时的路爬回去。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个想成为英雄的人试着爬上树，但猫爬得更高，救它的人够不着。A. shaking摇晃； B. climbing攀爬； C. cutting切割； D. approaching接近。根据后文“but the cat climbed higher out of reach of its ____ .”可知，猫爬的太高了，够不着，所以是有人试着爬上树救猫。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个想成为英雄的人试着爬上树，但猫爬得更高，救它的人够不着。A. partner伙伴； B. owner主人； C. rescuer救援者； D. controller控制者。根据前文“One would be hero tried ____ the tree,”可知，有人想爬上树救它，所以是它的救援者。且下文“cat had already bitten one rescuer”也是提示。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一个人试图用梯子够到那只猫。A. support支持； B. amuse使高兴； C. calm平静； D. reach到达，够。根据前文“but the cat climbed higher out of reach”可知，猫爬的太高了，所以有人试图用梯子够到那只猫。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，猫又一次爬得更高了，这次爬到了30英尺高的小树枝上，这些树枝无法承受一个人的重量。A. smaller更小的；B. greener更绿的；C. older更老的；D. lower更低的。根据后文“could not hold the weight of a person”可知，树枝不能承受一个人的重量，所以应是爬到更小的树枝上。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在冬天，树枝上结满了冰和雪，这是非常鲁莽的。A. branches树枝；B. houses房子； C. ladders梯子；D. roads道路。根据上文“But again, the cat climbed even higher, this time 30 feet up to the ____ branches that could not hold the weight of a person.”可知，猫爬到更小的树枝上，且树枝上结满了冰和雪。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更不用说这只受惊的猫已经咬了一位救援人员。A. clever聪明的； B. brave勇敢的； C. escaped逃脱的； D. terrified害怕的。根据后文“had already bitten one rescuer”可知，猫咬了人，所以应是害怕的。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：爱荷华市警官Troy Kelsay不得不禁止这种勇敢的行为。A. appreciate欣赏； B. forbid禁止； C. consider考虑； D. ignore忽略。根据前文内容可知，猫爬到更小的树枝上，树枝上结满了冰和雪，且猫还受惊了，所以继续救援是非常危险的，所以警官不得不禁止这种勇敢的行为。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：后来，人们租了一辆采摘樱桃的车，把这只可怜的动物安全带回了地面。A. hardly几乎不； B. secretly秘密地； C. strangely奇怪地； D. safely安全地。根据前文“Later, a cherry picker was rented”可知，最后人们租了一辆采摘樱桃的车，是为了安全地把猫带回地面。故选D项。 31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所有这些担心、花费和体力劳动都是为了一只无家可归的动物！A. lovely可爱的； B. homeless无家可归的； C. careful小心的； D. young年轻的。根据后文“Nobody owned it.”可知，小猫没有主人，所以是一只无家可归的动物。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有这些人聚在一起拯救这只猫，纯粹是出于善意。A. kindness善良； B. devotion奉献； C. curiosity好奇心； D. generosity慷慨。根据前文“Nobody owned it.”可知，小猫没有主人，所以救它不会得到感谢，纯粹是出于善意。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道我们的猫沙维（Shavi）爬上书架是因为她真的觉得自己是一只美洲狮，还是仅仅因为她喜欢俯视人类。A. refuses拒绝； B. struggles挣扎； C. likes喜欢； D. fails失败。根据后文“to look down on humans”结合选项可知，应是“她喜欢俯视人类”之意，符合语境。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我不愿想象如果她出去爬上一棵树会发生什么。A. acknowledge承认； B. explain解释； C. remember记住； D. imagine想象。根据后文“what would happen if she ever got outside and tried to climb a tree.”结合选项可知，应是“不愿想象如果她出去爬上一棵树会发生什么”之意。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在我们这样一个对猫友好的社区里，我想她会没事的。A. world世界； B. village村庄； C. neighborhood社区； D. family家庭。根据前文“Last week, not far from our community in Iowa City, a cat was stuck in a tree for several days.”可知，作者在一个爱猫的社区。故选C项。 第二节 语法填空 阅读下面两篇短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。（每空1分，空10分，两篇共20分） （一） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has countless ____36____(attract). The Great Wall is probably one that is most familiar to the Western tourists. The Great Wall is like a giant stone dragon, ____37____ (run) across the country from the ocean on the east____38____ the desert on the west. It is the longest wall that ____39____ (build) ever, 1,500 miles in length. Along the wall ____40____ (be) watch towers, where soldiers were on the watch for threats. The wall was initially built to prevent the neighbouring states from ____41____ (attack) our country, and the majority of the existing wall is from ____42____ Ming Dynasty. From the top of the Great Wall, people can enjoy an ____43____ (impress) view of continuous mountains, green trees and blooming wild flowers. If we were to build such a wall now, we would use modern machines. However, the ancient Chinese had to build the wall by hand. The Great Wall represents the highest wisdom of ancient China, ____44____ attracts tourists from all over the world every year. As the saying goes, “he who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.” ____45____ (doubt) a day tour or a long hike along the Great Wall allows you to travel back in time to feel the thousands of years’ups and downs of the ancient Kingdom of China. 【答案】36. attractions 37. running 38. to 39. has been built 40. are 41. attacking 42. the 43. impressive 44. which 45. Undoubtedly 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍中国长城，它宛如巨龙横贯东西，为防邻国侵袭而建，现存多为明长城。长城代表古代中国最高智慧，每年吸引世界各地游客，是中国极具魅力的象征。 【36题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：中国有无数的景点。countless(无数的)是形容词，修饰名词，attract的名词形式是attraction，且此处表示“无数的景点”，应用复数形式。故填attractions。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：长城就像一条巨大的石龙，从东边的大海一直延伸到西边的沙漠。这里考查非谓语，run和其逻辑主语The Great Wall 之间是主动关系，再由句意可知，应用现在分词作伴随状语。故填running。 【38题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：长城就像一条巨大的石龙，从东边的大海一直延伸到西边的沙漠。这里考查from...to...，是固定搭配，意为“从…… 到……”。故填to。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：它是有史以来建造的最长的城墙，长度为1500英里。这里that引导定语从句，先行词是the longest wall，在从句中作主语，与build之间是被动关系，且根据ever(曾经，常用于现在完成时)可知，应用现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为“have/has been + 过去分词”，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has been built。 【40题详解】 考查主谓一致和倒装。句意：沿着城墙有瞭望塔，士兵们在那里监视着威胁。这是一个倒装句，主语是 watch towers，是复数形式，根据语境可知，此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，所以be动词用are。故填are。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：长城最初是为了防止邻国进攻我们的国家而建造的，现存的长城大部分来自明朝。prevent...from doing sth.，是固定短语，意为“阻止…… 做某事”，from是介词，后接动名词形式。故填attacking。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：长城最初是为了防止邻国进攻我们的国家而建造的，现存的长城大部分来自明朝。在朝代名称前要用定冠词the，the Ming Dynasty 意为“明朝”。故填 the。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：从长城的顶部，人们可以欣赏到连绵的山脉、绿树和盛开的野花的令人印象深刻的景色。view是名词，应用形容词修饰，impress的形容词形式是impressive，意为“令人印象深刻的”，符合语境。故填impressive。 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：长城代表了古代中国最高智慧，每年都吸引着来自世界各地的游客。此处是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是The Great Wall，在从句中作主语，指物，所以应用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 【45题详解】 考查副词。句意：毫无疑问，一日游或沿着长城的长途徒步旅行能让你回到过去，感受古代中国数千年的兴衰。此处应用副词作状语，修饰整个句子，doubt的副词形式是undoubtedly，意为“毫无疑问地”，且句首单词首字母要大写。故填Undoubtedly。 （二） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the process of economic development, there ____46____ (come) a time when the old must give way to the new. While ____47____ (move) towards the future, we are hardly able to preserve everything from our past. Hence, ____48____ (keep) the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a great challenge. In the 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam ____49____ function is to control floods, produce electricity and so on. However, the proposal led to protests, because the water from ____50____ dam would ____51____ (like) damage a number of cultural relics. However, big challenges can sometimes lead to great ____52____ (solve). The government turned to the United Nations ____53____ help in 1959. A committee ____54____ (establish) to deal with the challenge and the experts investigated the issue, conducted tests and made a proposal for ____55____ the buildings could be saved. Finally, the project began in1960. 【答案】46. comes 47. moving 48. keeping 49. whose 50. the 51. likely 52. solutions 53. for 54. was established 55. how 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要说明了在经济发展过程中，新旧更替是必然现象，而在迈向未来的同时，我们很难保留过去的一切，因此，在进步和保护文化遗址之间保持适当的平衡可能是一个巨大的挑战。 【46题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在经济发展的过程中，老的必须让位于新的。改句为完全倒装，come作本句谓语，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是a time为第三人称单数。故填comes。 【47题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在走向未来的同时，我们几乎不可能保留过去的一切。本句是while引导的时间状语从句，完整结构应是while we are moving towards the future，当从句主语和主句主语相同，且谓语为be动词时，从句的主语和be动词可省略。故填moving。 【48题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，在进步和保护文化遗址之间保持适当的平衡可能是一个巨大的挑战。本句缺少主语，应用动名词形式作主语。故填keeping。 【49题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在20世纪50年代，埃及政府想要建造一座新的水坝，其功能是控制洪水，发电等。空处引导定语从句，先行词是dam，在从句中作定语，用whose引导。故填whose。 【50题详解】 考查冠词。句意：然而，这一提议引发了抗议，因为大坝的水可能会破坏一些文物。dam上文已提到，下文再提及时，前需用定冠词修饰。故填the。 【51题详解】 考查副词。句意：然而，这一提议引发了抗议，因为大坝的水可能会破坏一些文物。空处修饰空后的动词damage，用副词修饰。故填likely。 【52题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而，巨大的挑战有时会带来伟大的解决方案。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，solve的名词形式是solution，为可数名词，根据句意和big challenges，此处用复数形式。故填solutions。 【53题详解】 考查介词。句意：1959年，政府向联合国求助。此处是固定搭配：turn to sb. for help意为“求助于”。故填for。 【54题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：成立了一个委员会来应对这一挑战，专家们调查了这一问题，进行了测试，并就如何保存这些建筑物提出了建议。establish作本句谓语，和主语committee之间是被动关系，用被动语态，描述已发生的事，用一般过去时，主语为第三人称单数。故填was established。 【55题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：成立了一个委员会来应对这一挑战，专家们调查了这一问题，进行了测试，并就如何保存这些建筑物提出了建议。空处引导宾语从句，从句结构完整，用连接副词修饰，根据句意，表达“如何保存这些建筑物”之意，用how引导。故填how。 第三节 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空（每题1分，共10分） 56. When my mother saw my sculpture, she told me how ______ (create) my designs were. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】creative 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：当我母亲看到我的雕塑时，她告诉我我的设计多么有创意。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作表语。create的形容词为creative，意为“有创造力的”。故填creative。 57 A quick review of successes and ___________ (失败) at the end of year will help shape your year ahead. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】failures 【解析】 【详解】考查名词及单复数。句意：在年底时快速回顾一下成功和失败，会影响你接下来的一年的发展。该空需要一个名词作宾语，根据汉语提示，名词failure意为“失败”，这里抽象名词具体化，指一年中失败的事情，应使用复数形式与successes并列。故填failures。 58. Thirty miners ________ (trap) in the mine after yesterday’s explosion.（所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】were trapped 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：昨天的爆炸后，30名矿工被困在矿井里。trap作本句谓语，和主语Thirty miners之间是被动关系，用被动语态，根据yesterday可知，用一般过去时。故填were trapped。 59. As far as I know, he ___________ (refer) to as a living Lei Feng by people nowadays. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is referred 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：据我所知，他现在被人们称为活雷锋。空处为谓语动词，由时间状语nowadays知此处应用一般现在时，主语he与refer to之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态is referred to，be referred to as...“被称作……”，固定短语。故填is referred。 60. Upon entering the farm, we were attracted by its cleanness and ________ (vary) of fruits. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】varieties 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：一进入农场，我们就被它的干净和各种各样的水果所吸引。短语varieties of表示“各种各样”。故填varieties。 61. ________(compare) our products to those of our competitors, we are full of confidence. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】Comparing 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：与竞争对手的产品相比，我们的产品充满了信心。本句已有谓语动词are，所以compare用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语we之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Comparing。 62. The soldiers ________ (营救) the citizens buried in the ruins when another big quake shook Tangshan again. （根据汉语提示填空） 【答案】were rescuing 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：当唐山再次发生大地震时，士兵们正在营救被埋在废墟中的市民。本句缺少谓语，所以空处应填动词，根据所给中文提示词，应是rescue意为“营救”，根据when可知，描述的是过去某时正在发生的事，用过去进行时，主语为复数。故填were rescuing。 63. The ________ (survive) of the fire disaster were wandering in the street, begging for help. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】survivors 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：火灾的幸存者在街上徘徊，乞求帮助。空前是定冠词，所以空处应填名词作主语，survive的名词形式是survivor为可数名词，根据were可知，用复数形式。故填survivors。 64. Some of the forest are about to disappear forever, for which human’s destruction will not ________ (原谅). （根据汉语提示填空） 【答案】be forgiven 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和语态。句意：有些森林即将永远消失，人类的破坏是无法原谅的。空前是助动词will，所以空处应填动词原形，根据所给中文提示词，应是forgive意为“原谅”，和主语human’s destruction之间是被动关系，用被动语态。故填be forgiven。 65. Having a balanced diet and taking regular exercises are e________(同等，相同) important. （根据中英文提示拼写单词） 【答案】equally##qually 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：均衡饮食和经常锻炼同样重要。空处修饰空后的形容词，用副词修饰，根据所给中文提示词和首字母，应是equally意为“同等，相同”。故填equally。 第四节 根据句意完成下列句子。（每题1分，共10分） 66. 如果你不提它，我会很感激。 I’d ________ ________ ________ you wouldn’t mention it. 【答案】 ①. appreciate ②. it ③. if 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和状语从句。根据所给中文提示词和英文翻译，①空处需翻译“感激”，空前是情态动词would，所以空处应填动词原形，应是appreciate；②空处需填it，为形式宾语；③空处引导条件状语从句，表达“如果”之意，用if引导。故填①appreciate，②it，③if。 67. 在实践中取得的经验将对我们的工作很有好处。 The experience gained in practice will ________ ________ ________ ________ to our work. 【答案】 ①. be ②. of ③. great ④. value 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。根据所给中文句子和英文翻译可知，需翻译部分是“很有好处”，设空为四个，此处可用固定搭配：be of +名词，常用于表示主语的某种性质、特征或属性。空前是助动词will，后接动词原形，“好处”用名词value。故填①be，②of，③great，④value。 68. 它可以追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期…… It ______ ______ several thousand years ______ the use of longgu... 【答案】 ①. dates. ②. back ③. to 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语，时态和主谓一致。根据中英文提示，空格缺少谓语动词“追溯到”，date back to“追溯到……”，根据句意，用一般现在时，主语it是单数，谓语动词用单数，故填①dates②back③to。 69. 随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。 As China ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this amazing language. 【答案】 ①. plays ②. a ③. greater ④. role ⑤. in 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。中英文对比可知，空处表示“在……中扮演更为重要的角色”，可用短语play a greater role in，句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为China，谓语用单数形式。故填①plays；②a；③greater；④role；⑤in。 70. 唐山重新站了起来，并获得了新生。 Tangshan started to revive itself and ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 ①. got ②. back ③. on ④. its ⑤. feet 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。“重新站了起来”用动词短语get back on one’s feet表示，get与started并列作谓语，描述过去发生的事用一般过去时，Tangshan作主语，用形容词物主代词its修饰feet。故填got back on its feet。 71. 由于条件险恶和道路受损、食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。 Dangerous conditions and damaged roads will ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ food and supplies. 【答案】 ①. make ②. it ③. difficult ④. to ⑤. deliver 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和固定结构。原句可理解为“条件险恶和道路受损将让运送食物和物资补给变得非常困难”；表达“使某事变得困难”，可用固定结构“make it difficult to do sth.”，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式结构，在助动词will后，谓语动词make用原形，构成一般将来时态；“运送”用动词deliver，用不定式形式to deliver作宾语。故填①make；②it；③difficult；④to；⑤deliver。 72. 做一些小事有助于增强我们的信心。 Doing small things can contribute to ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 ①. building ②. up ③. our ④. confidence 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配和非谓语动词。根据所给中文句子和英文翻译可知，需翻译部分是“增强我们的信心”，“增强”可用固定搭配：build up意为“逐步的增长”，空前的to为介词，应用动名词形式，“我们的信心”作宾语，译为“our confidence”。故填①building，②up，③our，④confidence。 73. 抗议是没有用的，我是不会改变我的想法。 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. I won’t change my mind. 【答案】 ①. There ②. is ③. no ④. use ⑤. protesting 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型和非谓语动词。根据所给中文提示词和英文翻译可知，句子使用一般现在时，需翻译部分是“抗议是没有用的”，此处可用固定句型：there is no use doing意为“做某事是没有用的”，“抗议”用动词protest，在句中用动名词形式作主语。故填①There，②is，③no，④use，⑤protesting。 74. 仿佛世界末日即将来临。 It seemed as if the world ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 ①. were ②. coming ③. to ④. an ⑤. end 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语、虚拟语气。根据汉语提示，表示“到了末日”含义的表达为come to an end，此句为as if引导的表语从句，表达一种假设或非真实的情况，用虚拟语气。因本句表示“将要来临”，使用过去进行时表示过去将来时，在虚拟语气中，主语为单数时，be动词也要用were，故填were；coming；to；an；end。 75. 通过积极看待我和自己的身体，我变得更加快乐，也更加健康了。 By ________ ________ ________ myself and my body, I became both happier and healthier. 【答案】 ①. being ②. positive ③. about 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。结合句意“积极对待”短语为be positive about，作介词的宾语，用动名词形式。故填being positive about。 第四部分 写作（满分15分） 76. 为西部贫困地区教学条件的改善出一份力，你校学生会打算本周五下午在学校操场举行一次义卖活动来筹集资金。假如你是学生会主席，请你用英语写一份书面通知，通知内容包括： 1．活动时间、地点 2．活动内容 参考词汇：义卖：a charity sale 注意：词数120左右，可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯。 Notice ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Student Union 【答案】 Notice In order to make a contribution to improving the teaching and learning conditions in the poor western areas, The Student Union of our school is scheduled to hold a charity sale in our school to raise money. The charity sale will be held in the school playground at 4 o’clock on Friday afternoon. All the students in Grade One are welcome to take part in the charity sale. During the charity sale, you are expected to donate the goods or books that you don’t use, such as some school supplies and used textbooks. Make sure to put a price on them and the money we collect will be directly donated to the poor western areas. We are looking forward to your coming and offering a helpful hand, which will be appreciated for those needy children. Student Union 【解析】 【导语】本篇是应用文写作。为西部贫困地区教学条件的改善出一份力，你校学生会打算本周五下午在学校操场举行一次义卖活动来筹集资金，要求考生英语写一份书面通知。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 提高：improve→better 定于：be scheduled to→be planned to 加入：take part in→participate in 提供：offer→provide 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The charity sale will be held in the school playground at 4 o’clock on Friday afternoon. 拓展句：The charity sale, which will take place in the school playground at 4 o’clock on Friday afternoon, is open to all. 【点睛】[高分句型1]During the charity sale, you are expected to donate the goods or books that you don’t use, such as some school supplies and used textbooks.(that引导的定语从句) [高分句型2]We are looking forward to your coming and offering a helpful hand, which will be appreciated for those needy children.(which引导的非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $