信息必刷卷02（北京卷）-2025年高考英语考前信息必刷卷

绝密★启用前 2025年高考考前信息必刷卷（北京卷）02 英 语 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：100分） 考情速递 高考·新动向：近年北京卷英语试题持续强化“素养立意”“价值引领”和“德育渗透”，以语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力为核心考查维度，注重学生解决真实问题的综合能力。例如，2024年阅读C篇探讨“宇宙模拟”争议，引导考生关注科技伦理与创新路径，体现对批判性思维和科学探究能力的考查；2024年完形填空探讨合作与自立关系；2024年应用文写作涉及家国情怀（新中国成立75周年写作任务）。 高考·新考法：语法考查的隐性综合化。近年北京卷的语法填空不再局限于单句，而是依托完整语篇，需结合上下文时态、连词逻辑及语义连贯性解题（如故事类语篇中过去完成时与现在完成时的交替使用）。 命题·大预测：科技的两面性主题也是近年北京卷阅读理解和应用文写作的命题热点，本套试卷在研究近5年高考题目的基础上，对相关话题进行分析和探索，命制成高质量的题目供广大师生学习使用。如本套试卷中阅读理解的C篇，保持"科技双刃剑"深刻性，符合北京英语新课标"数字公民"素养要求。同时，在应用文写作部分，延续北京卷"用英语讲好中国科技故事"的特色，同时满足深刻性、时代性与交际功能统一的要求。 备考策略：根据北京高考英语真题命题特点，建议跨学科阅读积累：精读《经济学人》《科学美国人》等外刊的科技、社科类文章，掌握高频术语与论证逻辑。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下列短文, 掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 I never considered myself a leader. Being the youngest in every group made me naturally ____1____. So when Mr. Smith announced our history project required a team presentation, my palms turned sweaty. "Each group needs a ____2____ to organize the work," he added. My classmates' eyes immediately ____3____ toward me. "You’re good at PowerPoint!" they insisted. I swallowed hard and nodded. The first meeting was chaos. I ____4____ my notebook nervously as everyone talked over each other. "We need structure," I blurted unexpectedly. To my surprise, the room fell silent. Emboldened, I divided tasks: "Lisa researches battles, Tom handles maps, I’ll ____5____ the timeline." The pages started ____6____ with colorful sticky notes. By the third rehearsal, my ____7____ grew. "Slow down when explaining troop movements," I suggested to Mike. "Let’s add comparison charts here," I told Sarah. Their ____8____ nods fueled my determination. On presentation day, my knees shook as I ____9____ the clicker. But when Lisa stumbled on dates, I smoothly ____10____: "As the timeline shows, this precisely led to Napoleon’s strategy." The class erupted in applause. Mr. Smith smiled: "Excellent leadership!" I finally understood—sometimes the quietest voices make the clearest guides. 1. A. curious B. passive C. confident D. sensitive 2. A. volunteer B. reminder C. designer D. observer 3. A. lifted B. dropped C. widened D. rolled 4. A. decorated B. clutched C. tossed D. underlined 5. A. sketch B. simplify C. document D. accelerate 6. A. flying by B. coming alive C. standing out D. breaking up 7. A. patience B. authority C. creativity D. doubt 8. A. reluctant B. enthusiastic C. confused D. occasional 9. A. reached for B. set aside C. fixed D. lost 10. A. hesitated B. apologized C. interrupted D. explained 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．B 9．A 10．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了原本认为自己不是领导者且性格较为被动的“我”，在历史项目小组中担任组织者角色的经历。通过组织小组工作、分配任务、指导排练，最终，项目展示成功，“我”也意识到自己具备领导能力，明白了即使是安静的人也能成为出色的引导者。 1. 答案：B 解析：语境分析：根据前文“Being the youngest in every group”以及后文提到被推选为组长时“my palms turned sweaty”等表现，可知作为小组中最小的成员，“我”性格较为被动。 选项分析：A项“curious”意为“好奇的”；C项“confident”意为“自信的”；D项“sensitive”意为“敏感的”，均不符合“我”因年龄小在小组中自然形成的性格特点，B项“passive”（被动的）正确。 2. 答案：A 解析：老师说每个小组需要一个人来组织工作，这里需要一个主动承担组织任务的人。 选项分析：B 项 “reminder” 意为 “提醒者”；C 项 “designer” 意为 “设计者”；D 项 “observer” 意为 “观察者”，都不符合组织工作的角色要求，A 项 “volunteer”（志愿者，主动承担者）符合语境，正确。 3. 答案：D 解析：同学们认为“我”擅长PowerPoint，所以当老师提到需要组织者时，他们的目光立刻转向“我”。 选项分析：A项“lifted”意为“抬起”；B项“dropped”意为“落下”；C项“widened”意为“变宽”，都不能准确表达目光转向“我”的动作，D项“rolled”有“转动”之意，roll toward表示“转向”，符合语境，正确。 4. 答案：B 解析：第一次会议很混乱，大家七嘴八舌，“我”紧张地拿着笔记本。 选项分析：A项“decorated”意为“装饰”；C项“tossed”意为“扔，抛”；D项“underlined”意为“在……下面划线”，均不符合“我”在混乱会议中紧张的状态，B项“clutched”意为“紧握，紧抓”，能体现“我”的紧张，正确。 5. 答案：C 解析：“我”在分配任务，这里说“我”负责时间线相关工作，“sketch”有“勾勒，描绘”之意，符合描绘时间线的语境。 选项分析：B项“simplify”意为“简化”；C项“document”意为“记录，用文件证明”；D项“accelerate”意为“加速”，均不符合“我”负责时间线工作的表述，A项正确。 6. 答案：B 解析：在“我”分配任务后，笔记本上开始有了彩色便签，整个工作开始有了生机。 选项分析：A项“flying by”意为“飞逝”；C项“standing out”意为“突出”；D项“breaking up”意为“破裂，解散”，均不符合笔记本因任务分配变得有生气的语境，B项“coming alive”（活跃起来）正确。 7. 答案：B 解析：从第一次会议混乱到第三次排练，“我”能给成员提出建议，如“Slow down when explaining troop movements”等，说明“我”的权威在增长。 选项分析：A项“patience”意为“耐心”；C项“creativity”意为“创造力”；D项“doubt”意为“怀疑”，均不符合“我”在排练过程中角色和影响力变化的语境，B项“authority”（权威）正确。 8. 答案：B 解析：语境分析：成员们对“我”的建议点头认可，说明他们是热情接受的。 选项分析：A项“reluctant”意为“不情愿的”；C项“confused”意为“困惑的”；D项“occasional”意为“偶尔的”，都与成员接受“我”建议的积极态度不符，B项“enthusiastic”（热情的）正确。 9. 答案：A 解析：语境分析：展示当天，“我”要操作点击器，所以是伸手去拿点击器。 选项分析：B项“set aside”意为“留出，把……放在一边”；C项“fixed”意为“固定，修理”；D项“lost”意为“丢失”，均不符合“我”在展示时要拿点击器的动作，A项“reached for”（伸手去拿）正确。 10. 答案：D 解析：语境分析：Lisa在讲述日期时出错，“我”接着进行解释说明，“explained”符合语境。 选项分析：A项“hesitated”意为“犹豫”；B项“apologized”意为“道歉”；C项“interrupted”意为“打断”，均不符合“我”在Lisa出错后进行补充说明的语境，D项正确。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A hiker's anxiety turned to joy in the mountains as rescuers swiftly located a missing twenty-year-old man with a disability. The rescue team launched an urgent search, ____11____ (use) dogs and tracking devices. A special sensor ____12____ (lead) to the detection of his presence under some bushes. A nearby monitoring camera recorded the dramatic moment of his rescue. Thanks ____13____rescuers' prompt action, he was discovered safe and sound. The public commended the team's efficiency in changing ____12____could have been a disaster into a touching rescue. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 On June 15, 2024, Sarah Thompson ____15____（award）the Young Scientist of the Year. And when ____16____（ask）about the key to her success, she emphasized perseverance. Thompson, ____17____ is always absorbed in her research, attributed her unwavering efforts to her remarkable achievements at such a young age. “Success is not a one - time event; it's the result of continuous dedication and hard work,” she stated. Food additives are present in many processed foods in small quantities. When these additives interact in an unexpected way, they can produce harmful substances, ____15____can cause adverse health effects. Consumers should purchase foods that are only certified by a nationally ____16____ (recognize)food safety organization and stop consuming the product if it shows signs of spoilage, such as an off odor, unusual color, or swelling packaging. Among all the places to store these products, ____16____ (safe)one is in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and moisture. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 For companies to thrive, they must understand and respond to changing market demands. In the past decade, the global market ____18____ (witness)a shift in consumer preferences marked by the rise of eco-friendly products. Consumers have shown a growing ____19____ (prefer)for sustainable and environmentally friendly goods. Thus, it's essential for companies to genuinely embrace and promote green values and practices. While incorporating eco-elements into business strategies can be beneficial, it should be done carefully ____20____(avoid) misleading consumers. 【答案】 11．using 12．led 13．to 14．what 15．which 16．recognized 17．the safest 18．has witnessed 19．preference 20．to avoid A 11. 解析：using：这里需要一个现在分词作伴随状语，表示警方在搜索过程中同时使用了空中和地面力量，与主语“the local police”是主动关系，故填“using”。 12. 解析：led：根据上下文，热成像导致了女孩在沼泽地被发现这一动作已经发生，且与主语“thermal imaging”是主动关系，所以用一般过去时“led”。 13. 解析：根据语境，这里要表达“多亏了警察的快速反应”，所以用固定短语“thanks to”来引导原因状语。 14. 解析： 此处需要一个连接代词来引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语，表示“本可能成为悲剧的事情”，所以用“what”。 B 15. 解析： which：这里需要一个关系代词来引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子所提到的情况，并在从句中作主语，所以用“which”。 16. recognized：根据语境，这里表示“被国家认可的测试实验室”，与“testing laboratory”是被动关系，所以用过去分词“recognized”作定语。 17. 解析：the safest：根据比较范围“among all the places”，这里要用形容词最高级“the safest”来表示“最安全的地方”。 C 18. 解析：has witnessed：根据时间状语“over the past decade”，这里要用现在完成时，表示过去某一时刻开始的动作一直持续到现在，主语“China”是第三人称单数，所以填“has witnessed”。 19. 解析：preference：根据语境，这里需要一个名词作动词“displayed”的宾语，表示“偏爱”，所以用“preference”。 20. 解析：to avoid：根据语境，这里表示目的，即“为了避免文化不敏感”，所以用动词不定式“to avoid”作目的状语。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分, 满分28分） 阅读下列短文, 掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A To foster environmental awareness among youth, Green Horizons Alliance (GHA) launches a mentorship initiative pairing experienced volunteers with middle school students. This program guides young participants in designing community-based sustainability projects, nurturing critical thinking and leadership skills through hands-on environmental practice. What's in it for you? Engaging as a mentor offers multifaceted growth. Beyond the fulfillment of shaping future eco-citizens, you'll refine project management abilities vital for professional development. Collaborative problem-solving with educators and environmentalists expands your network, while organizing workshops enhances public speaking confidence. For those pursuing careers in education or ecology, this experience strengthens your portfolio. Mentor responsibilities: ·Attend orientation to align with GHA's educational framework and safety protocols. ·Co-design a semester-long project (e.g., urban gardening, waste reduction) tailored to your student group's interests. ·Conduct biweekly field sessions demonstrating ecological monitoring techniques and data analysis methods. ·Facilitate monthly progress reviews with school faculty and environmental experts. ·Maintain regular communication to troubleshoot challenges while encouraging student autonomy. ·Document project milestones through photos, journals, and impact metrics for annual sustainability reports. This volunteer commitment requires systematic dedication. Your consistent guidance will empower students to transform theoretical knowledge into tangible community improvements. 21. According to the passage, what personal benefit might mentors gain? A. Opportunities to establish professional connections. B. Guaranteed job offers in environmental organizations. C. Financial rewards for outstanding performance. D. Exclusive access to ecological research facilities. 22. Which task is specifically required of mentors? A. Developing projects based on students' preferences. B. Conducting daily environmental science classes. C. Funding all experimental materials independently. D. Replacing schoolteachers in academic evaluations. 23. What is the primary purpose of this document? A. To compare educational approaches in ecology. B. To recruit dedicated environmental mentors. C. To advertise sustainability research grants. D. To document student project achievements 【答案】21．A 22．A 23．B 【分析】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了社区环保组织的环保志愿者导师项目。 21．定位依据：第二段第二句"Collaborative problem-solving with educators and environmentalists expands your network..."。选项A "建立专业人脉机会" 直接对应原文中"expands your network"，且与后文"professional development"（职业发展）形成逻辑关联。排除选项：B "环保组织的工作保障"：原文未提及任何就业承诺，"careers in education or ecology"仅暗示经验积累，非直接聘用。C "经济奖励"：全文强调"volunteer commitment"，排除金钱回报可能。D "独家使用生态研究设施"：文中"document project milestones"侧重实践记录，未涉及设施权限。核心考点：细节理解与同义替换（network → professional connections）。 22．定位依据：职责部分第二项"Co-design a semester-long project... tailored to your student group's interests."选项A "基于学生兴趣设计项目" 精准对应"tailored to interests"，体现"co-design"的合作性。排除选项：B "每日授课"：原文要求"biweekly field sessions"（双周实地活动），频率不符。C "自筹实验经费"：文中未提资金责任，职责聚焦指导而非财务。D "替代教师学术评估"：职责仅涉及"facilitate progress reviews"（协助进展汇报），无评估权。核心考点：任务细节筛选与绝对词识别（daily/guaranteed/exclusive等易错词需警惕）。 23．结构：项目背景→导师收益→具体职责→总结呼吁（"systematic dedication"）。关键词："launches a mentorship initiative"（发起倡议）、"volunteer commitment"（志愿承诺）。选项B "招募环保导师" 概括全文目的，符合倡议类文本特征。A "比较教育方法"：文中仅介绍单一项目，无对比。C "宣传研究资助"：未涉及资金支持，重点在人力贡献。D "记录学生成果"：虽提到"document milestones"，但属项目执行细节，非写作意图。核心考点：写作目的推断与文本类型识别（倡议类文本常见于招募广告）。 B Diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after military service, James discovered healing through competitive swimming. The water became his sanctuary, silencing battlefield echoes that once haunted his nights. During rehabilitation in 2018, a Veterans Affairs therapist recommended aquatic therapy. Initially resistant, James found rhythmic strokes calming his hypervigilance. "Submerging underwater felt like resetting my mental compass," he recalls. His first regional para-swim meet in 2019 marked a turning point, where disciplined training replaced medication dependency. Pursuing sports psychology certification, James developed trauma-informed coaching methods. "Laps transform flashbacks into focus. The pool’s resistance mirrors our daily battles," he explains. Partnering with fellow veteran Maria (amputee swimmer and Paralympic medalist), they co-founded Waves of Courage in 2021 - a nonprofit training disabled veterans in adaptive aquatics. Open-water training presents unique hurdles. Hypersensitivity to sudden noises requires customized safety protocols. Maria’s prosthetic limb maintenance during saltwater competitions demands meticulous planning. Their greatest challenge remains combating societal stereotypes about veterans’ capabilities. From community pools to Paralympic qualifiers, their trainees have clocked 5,000+ therapeutic swim hours. James recently mentored a 19-year-old burn survivor through her first 10km marathon swim. Meanwhile, he’s drafting a memoir intertwining military strategy with swim tactics, aiming to publish before next year’s Invictus Games. "These warriors redefine resilience," remarks their lead sports therapist. "Their structured approach to emotional regulation through stroke counting offers groundbreaking PTSD management models." James envisions expanding coastal adaptive swim centers nationwide. "Water doesn’t discriminate. We want every trauma survivor to experience this weightless empowerment," he states. 24. According to the passage, aquatic therapy initially helped James to ______. A. reduce reliance on psychological medication B. restore his physical coordination completely C. prepare for professional coaching certification D. eliminate all symptoms of battlefield memories 25. What challenge do James and Maria frequently face? A. Maintaining equipment in tropical climates B. Public misconceptions about veterans’ skills C. Securing sponsorship for international competitions D. Training teenagers with severe mobility limitations 26. What is James’s future goal according to the text? A. To develop new swimwear for amputees B. To establish therapeutic swim facilities widely C. To compete in the next Summer Olympics D. To commercialize their training methods 27. Which saying best summarizes the passage’s message? A. Still waters run deep. B. Adversity fuels reinvention. C. Knowledge starts with practice. D. Fortune favors the prepared mind. 【答案】24．A 25．B 26．B 27. B 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了退役军人James通过竞技游泳克服战后创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的故事。他与截肢游泳运动员Maria共同创立非营利组织，帮助残障退役军人通过适应性水上运动重建身心，并挑战社会对退役军人能力的偏见。目前，他们致力于将治疗性游泳中心推广至全国，让更多创伤幸存者体验水中重生的力量。 24. 答案：A 解析：第二段最后一句"His first regional para-swim meet in 2019 marked a turning point, where disciplined training replaced medication dependency."选项A "减少对心理药物的依赖" 直接对应原文中"replaced medication dependency"（取代药物依赖），且"initially"对应"turning point"前的早期阶段。B "完全恢复身体协调性"：文中仅提到"rhythmic strokes calming his hypervigilance"（通过游泳缓解过度警觉），未提及"完全恢复"。C "准备专业教练认证"：后文提到"pursuing sports psychology certification"（考取运动心理学资质），但这是后续发展，非初期目标。D "消除所有战场记忆症状"：原文用"calming"（缓解）而非"eliminate all"（彻底消除），且"silencing battlefield echoes"（平息战场回忆）是渐进过程，与绝对词矛盾。核心考点：细节理解与绝对词识别（D项过度推断）。 25. 答案：B 解析：第四段最后一句"Their greatest challenge remains combating societal stereotypes about veterans’ capabilities."选项B "公众对退役军人技能的误解" 是"societal stereotypes"的同义替换，直接点明核心挑战。 ​排除选项：A "在热带气候维护设备"：文中仅提"prosthetic limb maintenance during saltwater competitions"（盐水环境维护假肢），未涉及气候问题。C "争取国际赛事赞助"：原文未提及资金问题，干扰项无依据。D "训练行动受限青少年"：后文提到训练"burn survivor"（烧伤幸存者）和退役军人，但"teenagers"（青少年）偷换概念，且非高频挑战。核心考点：同义替换与细节筛选（societal stereotypes → public misconceptions）。 26. 答案：B 解析：最后一段首句"James envisions expanding coastal adaptive swim centers nationwide."选项B "广泛建立治疗性游泳设施" 对应"expanding...centers nationwide"（全国扩展中心），且"therapeutic"呼应前文"therapeutic swim hours"（治疗性游泳时长）。A "开发截肢者泳衣"：文中无相关设计内容，属无中生有。C "参加下届奥运会"：原文提到"Invictus Games"（国际伤残军人运动会），与"Summer Olympics"（夏季奥运会）级别不符。D "商业化训练方法"：全文强调非营利组织"nonprofit"，与"commercialize"（商业化）矛盾。核心考点：未来目标推断与文本逻辑（全国扩展设施→广泛建立）。 27. 答案：B 解析：核心脉络：个人创伤（PTSD）→通过游泳康复→创建互助项目→激励他人。关键词："healing"（疗愈）、"redefine resilience"（重新定义坚韧）、"weightless empowerment"（无重力赋能）。​选项B "逆境驱动重生" 精准概括从战场创伤到游泳康复再到社会贡献的蜕变过程，体现"adversity"（逆境）与"reinvention"（自我革新）的关联。A "静水深流"：强调隐藏力量，但全文突出"主动抗争"而非被动沉淀。C "实践出真知"：侧重经验积累，而James的突破更多源于心理重建。D "机遇眷顾有备者"：强调准备，但James的成功核心是"克服创伤"而非等待机遇。核心考点：主旨归纳与哲理映射（创伤→重生） C Emerging quantum computing technologies demonstrate potential to revolutionize data encryption protocols. These subatomic processing systems, operating through quantum bits (qubits), threaten to crack conventional cybersecurity defenses that have guarded digital communications for decades. Recent studies in Nature Cybersecurity reveal quantum algorithms can theoretically breach 2048-bit RSA encryption—the current gold standard—within hours. However, the same quantum principles enable novel "quantum-resistant" cryptographic methods. Dr. Elena Marquez, lead researcher at the Quantum Security Institute, explains: "By harnessing quantum entanglement, we're developing encryption keys that self-destruct if intercepted, creating theoretically unhackable channels." Cybersecurity vulnerabilities stem from traditional binary computation's limitations. Modern encryption relies on complex mathematical problems that classical computers solve slowly, but quantum machines using superposition can process exponentially faster. This quantum advantage poses risks to financial systems, national security databases, and personal privacy. The research team analyzed 18 quantum computing models across seven countries, focusing on photonic qubit systems that manipulate light particles. Their findings indicate that quantum decryption efficiency varies with qubit stability, error correction rates, and electromagnetic interference levels. Optimal conditions showed 93% decryption success rates for standard RSA codes, though performance fluctuated across trials. Quantum-resistant cryptography isn't foolproof. Implementation requires global infrastructure upgrades estimated at $2.1 trillion. Dr. Marquez's team proposes hybrid transition systems combining classical and quantum encryption during technological migration periods. "Like updating a plane's engines mid-flight, we must maintain security while rebuilding digital foundations," she analogizes. While the study didn't assess long-term quantum storage threats, preliminary models suggest encrypted data stolen today could remain vulnerable to future quantum attacks. This underscores the urgency for preemptive security overhauls. 28. What can be concluded from the passage? A. Quantum computing strengthens existing RSA encryption. B. Photonic qubit systems completely prevent electromagnetic interference. C. Quantum principles enable both cybersecurity threats and solutions. D. Hybrid transition systems have resolved all decryption challenges. 29. What does the underlined word "breach" in Paragraph 2 most likely mean? A. Create B. Strengthen C. Break through D. Simplify 30. Paragraph 5 mainly discusses the research _______. A. limitations B. methodologies C. applications D. funding sources 31. What is the author's primary purpose in writing this article? A. To warn about quantum computing's risks to employment B. To explain quantum physics principles for students C. To present a dual-edged technological development D. To advertise new quantum computing products 【答案】28．C 29．C 30．A 31. C 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，探讨了量子计算对网络安全的双重影响：它既能迅速破解传统加密技术（如RSA算法），又能利用量子纠缠原理开发出新型抗量子加密系统。研究揭示了量子解密效率受量子位稳定性和电磁干扰等因素影响，并提出混合过渡方案以平衡安全与成本。文章最终强调全球需紧急升级数字基础设施，以应对量子技术带来的革命性安全挑战。 28. 答案：C 解析：第二段第二句"However, the same quantum principles enable novel 'quantum-resistant' cryptographic methods."选项C "量子原理同时带来网络安全威胁与解决方案" 精准对应原文中量子计算"威胁传统加密系统（threaten to crack defenses）"但"创造抗量子加密方法（enable novel methods）"的双重性。A "量子计算强化现有RSA加密"：与原文"breach 2048-bit RSA encryption"（攻破RSA加密）矛盾。B "光子量子系统完全防止电磁干扰"：第五段提到电磁干扰影响性能（"electromagnetic interference levels"），且"completely"为绝对词，原文无支持。D "混合系统解决所有解密难题"：文中"hybrid transition systems"仅为过渡方案，且"all"为绝对词，与"isn’t foolproof"（非万无一失）矛盾。核心考点：细节理解与矛盾排除（双刃剑效应为全文核心）。 29. 答案：C 解析：第二段首句"quantum algorithms can theoretically ​breach 2048-bit RSA encryption..."选项C "突破" 符合网络安全语境中"breach"的固定含义（攻破防御），且后文"crack conventional defenses"（破解传统防御）形成复现。​A "创造"：与后文"threaten to crack"（威胁破解）逻辑矛盾。B "加强"：违背段落核心"量子计算威胁传统加密"的论述方向。D "简化"：无法与"within hours"（数小时内攻破）形成合理关联。核心考点：语境词义推理与专业术语识别（"breach"在网络安全中特指"攻破"）。 30. 答案：A 解析：第五段首句"Quantum-resistant cryptography ​isn’t foolproof."选项A "局限性" 概括本段核心：抗量子加密的缺陷（需巨额成本升级设施）和过渡方案的挑战。B "方法论"：段落未描述具体研究方法，而是讨论应用障碍。C "应用"：虽提到"hybrid transition systems"，但重点在其局限（"requires...upgrades"）而非应用本身。D "资金来源"：提及"$2.1 trillion"仅为说明局限性的论据，非段落主旨。核心考点：段落主旨归纳与关键词定位（"isn’t foolproof"明确缺陷导向）。 31. 答案：C 全文核心脉络：量子计算的双重影响（风险：破解加密；机遇：创造新防御）→ 技术原理→ 研究验证→ 现实挑战→ 社会意义。关键词："threaten to crack"（威胁）与"enable novel methods"（赋能）的对比复现。​选项C "呈现一种双刃剑技术发展" 准确概括全文对量子计算正反作用的平衡探讨。A "警告对就业的风险"：全文未涉及就业问题，属无中生有。B "解释量子物理原理"：原理仅为支撑论述的细节，非写作目的。D "宣传新产品"：文中强调客观研究（"studies in Nature Cybersecurity"），无广告倾向。核心考点：写作目的与文本基调判断（科技双刃剑为贯穿全文的主线）。 D In an era dominated by digital devices, parents often resort to educational apps and smart toys to foster children's cognitive development. However, emerging neuroscience research suggests that traditional handicraft activities—pottery, weaving, woodcarving—offer unparalleled benefits in cultivating executive functions and cultural awareness. A 2022 multinational study led by Dr. Hiroshi Tanaka, cognitive scientist at Kyoto University, analyzed 800 children aged 6-12. Participants engaged in weekly clay modeling sessions showed 23% higher problem-solving scores than peers using touchscreen learning tools. "Tactile manipulation activates the inferior parietal lobule," Dr. Tanaka explains, "enhancing spatial reasoning and patience—skills often underdeveloped in screen-reliant environments." Cultural psychologist Dr. Emilia Rossi from Florence emphasizes intergenerational bonding through craft apprenticeship. "Mastering Venetian mask-making with grandparents strengthens autobiographical memory networks," she notes, referencing fMRI scans showing heightened hippocampus activity during heritage skill transmission. Unlike transient digital achievements, these embodied memories persist through adulthood as cultural anchors. Neuroscientist Dr. Rajiv Kapoor’s team at Delhi Institute of Technology identifies two crucial neural pathways activated by handicrafts: the FOCUS network (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) governing attention regulation, and the CREATE system (default mode network) facilitating imaginative synthesis. "Threading beads engages fine motor control while subconsciously calculating geometric patterns," Kapoor states, "This dual activation builds cognitive flexibility superior to passive media consumption." While smart devices provide instant feedback, researchers warn excessive screen time may atrophy the supramarginal gyrus—critical for tactile-kinesthetic integration. Traditional crafts conversely promote "slow mastery," teaching children to embrace iterative improvement. As Dr. Rossi observes, "A child who spends months perfecting ceramic glazing develops resilience no app can simulate." 32. From Dr. Tanaka’s research, we know that ________. A. clay modeling improves children’s immediate memory B. spatial reasoning develops better through digital tools C. tactile activities enhance problem-solving capacities D. screen learning activates the inferior parietal lobule 33. What can be inferred about the CREATE system? A. It governs logical calculations during exams. B. It strengthens through repetitive digital gaming. C. It activates when designing handmade patterns. D. It deteriorates during intergenerational activities. 34. According to the passage, the author may agree that ________. A. instant feedback apps optimize cognitive flexibility B. traditional crafts cultivate persistence in skill mastery C. digital devices enhance supramarginal gyrus development D. ceramic glazing requires less time than app programming 【答案】32．C 33．C 34．B 【分析】本文是一篇议论文， 探讨了传统手工艺活动（如陶艺、木雕）在数字时代对儿童认知发展的独特价值，揭示了触觉操作激活下顶叶脑区提升空间推理能力，并通过FOCUS与CREATE神经系统的协同作用增强创造力的神经机制。研究对比指出，手工艺的"缓慢精通"过程比数字设备的即时反馈更能培养耐心与抗挫折力，而代际技艺传承则强化了文化记忆与海马体功能。文末强调，传统手工艺不仅是对抗屏幕依赖的认知训练工具，更是维系文化遗产与脑神经健康的关键路径。 32. 答案：A 解析：第二段第二句"Participants engaged in weekly clay modeling sessions showed 23% higher problem-solving scores than peers using touchscreen learning tools."选项C "触觉活动提升解决问题的能力" 直接对应原文中黏土建模（触觉活动）带来更高的"problem-solving scores"（解决问题能力得分）。A "黏土建模改善短期记忆"：原文提及"autobiographical memory"（自传体记忆）在文化遗产技能中发展，但未涉及"immediate memory"（短期记忆）。B "空间推理通过数字工具发展更好"：与原文结论矛盾，研究显示触觉活动组表现更优。D "屏幕学习激活下顶叶脑区"：原文明确指出触觉活动激活该脑区（"tactile manipulation activates the inferior parietal lobule"），选项D偷换行为主体。核心考点：细节理解与数据关联（23% higher → enhance problem-solving capacities）。 33. 答案：B 解析：第四段第二句"CREATE system (default mode network) facilitating imaginative synthesis."选项C "设计手工图案时激活" 符合CREATE系统促进"imaginative synthesis"（想象性综合）的功能，手工设计需创造性思维。​A "管理考试中的逻辑计算"：FOCUS网络负责注意力（"governing attention regulation"），与逻辑计算无关。B "通过重复电子游戏加强"：全文批判数字工具，且CREATE系统关联手工活动，与电子游戏矛盾。D "在代际活动中退化"：原文强调代际活动增强记忆（"heightened hippocampus activity"），选项D反向干扰。核心考点：概念功能推断（CREATE系统→想象力→手工设计）。 34. 答案：D 解析：第五段第二句"Traditional crafts conversely promote 'slow mastery,' teaching children to embrace iterative improvement."选项B "传统手工艺培养技能掌握的坚持性" 是"slow mastery...embrace iterative improvement"（缓慢掌握→接受迭代进步）的同义改写，体现坚持力。A "即时反馈应用优化认知灵活性"：原文指出数字设备导致"supramarginal gyrus atrophy"（脑区萎缩），与"optimize"矛盾。C "数字设备促进边缘上回发展"：与第五段"excessive screen time may atrophy the supramarginal gyrus"（过度屏幕时间导致萎缩）直接矛盾。D "陶瓷上釉比应用编程耗时少"：文中未比较两者时间，属无中生有。核心考点：作者观点与对比论证（传统工艺 vs 数字工具的长期效益）。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分, 满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever struggled to recall a name during an exam despite thorough preparation? Or felt mentally foggy after consecutive late-night study sessions? These phenomena may stem from overlooked neurological foundations of memory consolidation. 35 It refers to the brain's ability to reorganize neural pathways through experience, forming the biological basis for learning. This dynamic process occurs most effectively during specific sleep phases, when hippocampal-cortical dialogues transfer short-term memories into long-term storage. 36 Chronic sleep deprivation disrupts this delicate mechanism. Without adequate REM cycles, the brain struggles to prune irrelevant neural connections. Some synaptic networks become overloaded while others atrophy. 37 It reduces cognitive flexibility and compromises the glymphatic system's nightly toxin clearance, potentially elevating neurodegenerative risks. What constitutes optimal memory-enhancing sleep? Adults typically require 7-9 hours with balanced sleep architecture—20-25% REM and 15-20% deep N3 sleep. The pre-sleep period should involve gradual sensory dimming: reduced blue light exposure and stabilized cortisol levels. But what if academic demands conflict with these needs? 38 For instance, implement 90-minute "ultradian rhythm" study blocks followed by 20-minute naps containing N2 sleep spindles known to enhance procedural memory. Merely extending sleep duration proves insufficient. The quality and timing of rest periods prove equally crucial. Surprisingly, strategic sleep fragmentation sometimes outperforms continuous shallow sleep for memory encoding. 39 Combine this with aerobic exercise—it boosts cerebral blood flow and BDNF production, synergistically supporting neuroplasticity beyond basic cognitive maintenance. A. Prioritize consistency over duration—maintain fixed wake times even on weekends. B. Neuroplasticity isn't just scientific jargon. C. The cerebral cleansing process peaks during afternoon siestas. D. This cumulative damage manifests as impaired memory retrieval. E. Many students compensate through caffeine without considering adenosine receptors. F. Neuroscientists identify sleep architecture as the scaffold for cognitive performance. G. Memory consolidation primarily occurs through daytime repetition of information. 【答案】35．B 36．F 37．D 38. A 39. E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，揭示了睡眠在记忆巩固中的关键作用，指出神经可塑性通过特定睡眠阶段的海马体-皮层对话将短期记忆转化为长期存储。研究显示睡眠剥夺会破坏神经连接修剪机制，导致认知衰退和神经毒素堆积，而优化睡眠结构与策略性碎片化休息（如遵循昼夜节律的学习-小睡模式）能有效提升记忆编码效率。文末强调，结合规律睡眠与有氧运动的协同方案，可激活脑源性营养因子，为神经健康提供超越基础认知维护的多维保护。 35. 答案：B 解析：后文"It refers to the brain's ability..."中的"it"需要指代前文的核心概念。选项B"Neuroplasticity isn't just scientific jargon"通过否定句引出术语"神经可塑性"，与后文对其的定义解释完美衔接。G "记忆巩固主要通过白天重复信息"：与后文"during specific sleep phases"（特定睡眠阶段）矛盾。F "睡眠结构是认知表现的支架"：虽相关但尚未定义核心概念，属于下文内容。 36. 答案：F 解析：前文提到"specific sleep phases"（特定睡眠阶段），选项F中"sleep architecture"（睡眠结构）是对此的学术术语概括，且"scaffold for cognitive performance"（认知表现的支架）与后文"hippocampal-cortical dialogues"（海马体-皮层对话）形成逻辑递进。C "大脑清洁过程在午睡时达到高峰"：原文强调夜间睡眠（"nightly toxin clearance"），选项与主题偏离。D "累积损伤表现为记忆提取受损"：属于下文睡眠剥夺的结果，此处尚未涉及后果。 37. 答案：D 解析：前文描述睡眠剥夺的病理机制（突触网络过载/萎缩），选项D"这种累积损伤表现为记忆提取受损"用"manifest"（显现）明确因果关系，与后文"reduces cognitive flexibility"（降低认知灵活性）构成并列结果。E "学生通过咖啡因补偿"：上下文未提及咖啡因，属无关信息。A "优先保持睡眠规律性"：解决方案类选项，但此处需结果陈述。 36. 答案：A 解析：前文提问"学业需求与睡眠需求冲突怎么办？"，选项A"优先保持睡眠规律性——即使在周末也固定起床时间"提出具体策略，与后文"90分钟学习块+小睡"的举例形成"总—分"逻辑。C "午睡时大脑清洁达峰"：与问题解决无关，且原文强调夜间睡眠。E "咖啡因不考虑腺苷受体"：偏离当前段落对"睡眠结构调整"的讨论。 37. 答案：E 解析：前文提到"碎片化睡眠有时优于连续浅睡"，选项E"将此与有氧运动结合——运动增强脑血流与BDNF"通过"combine"衔接前文策略，补充建议，且"synergistically"（协同作用）呼应"strategic sleep fragmentation"（策略性碎片化睡眠）的科学性。B "神经可塑性非术语"：前文已定义，此处无需重复。G "白天重复巩固记忆"：与全文"睡眠核心论"矛盾。 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，满分32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，满分12分） 阅读下面短文, 根据题目要求回答问题。 Human cognitive diversity extends beyond academic capabilities, a truth illuminated by contemporary neuroscience. The Quadrant Cognitive Model (QCM), introduced by Dr. Eleanor Cooper in her 2019 work Beyond the GPA, challenges conventional metrics of intellectual excellence by identifying four adaptive cognition modes: analytical precision (systematic problem-solving), contextual synthesis (cross-disciplinary pattern recognition), empathetic navigation (emotional resonance in decision-making), and kinetic ideation (movement-enhanced creativity). Traditional education prioritizes analytical precision through standardized testing, yet neuroimaging reveals that excessive focus on this single mode may inhibit dendritic branching in brain regions governing social cognition. "We're neurologically pruning students' potential by overemphasizing linear logic," argues Dr. Cooper, whose fMRI studies demonstrate that students employing multiple cognitive modes exhibit 37% stronger neural connectivity between prefrontal and limbic systems. Progressive institutions now implement multimodal curricula: architecture students use clay modeling to enhance spatial intelligence (kinetic ideation), while literature seminars analyze character motivations through role-play (empathetic navigation). Early adopters report 22% higher student engagement and 15% improved conflict-resolution skills. This paradigm shift extends to professional development. Adults who reactivate dormant cognitive modes through targeted training—such as engineers practicing improvisational theater to boost contextual synthesis—show enhanced innovation capacity. "Our brains remain plastic," notes cognitive psychologist Dr. Marcus Lee, "but societal structures often fossilize cognitive preferences formed in adolescence. 40. According to the passage, what does the Quadrant Cognitive Model challenge? 41. What neurological finding supports using multiple cognitive modes in education? 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▷ Architecture students improve analytical precision through clay modeling, which aligns with traditional educational goals. 43. Which cognitive mode do you want to develop most? Why? 【答案】 40. It challenges conventional metrics of intellectual excellence that prioritize analytical precision through standardized testing. 41. Students using multiple modes exhibit 37% stronger neural connectivity between prefrontal and limbic systems. 42. Architecture students improve analytical precision through clay modeling, which aligns with traditional educational goals. Architecture students improve kinetic ideation through clay modeling, which aligns with traditional educational goals. 43. I aim to develop contextual synthesis, as identifying patterns across disciplines could enhance my ability to solve complex real-world problems that require integrated knowledge from multiple fields.（答案言之有理即可） 第二节（满分20分） 44．假设你是北斗中学科技创新社社长王明。下周将有一个国际青年科技创新者代表团访问你校，参加“跨学科未来解决方案峰会”。请你作为学生代表致欢迎辞，内容包括： 1． 表示欢迎； 2. 介绍峰会主要议程（如人工智能伦理研讨会、生物工程跨界工作坊等）； 3. 表达对全球青年协同创新的期待。 注意: 1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear distinguished guests and fellow innovators, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ May our collective wisdom light the path to a brighter tomorrow. 【答案】（One Possible Version） Dear distinguished guests and fellow innovators, Hosting this summit fills us with immense pride as we welcome you to explore cutting-edge solutions shaping humanity’s shared future. Your presence, representing 15 nations, transforms our campus into a global think tank where curiosity bridges disciplines. The agenda opens with an AI ethics panel where MIT researchers and teen programmers will debate algorithmic transparency. Subsequently, bioengineering workshops challenge participants to design affordable medical prototypes using 3D-printing kits provided. Additionally, a cross-cultural design marathon will unfold, tasking teams with creating smart city models balancing technological feasibility and cultural sensitivity. What excites us most lies beyond scheduled events—the uncharted ideas that will emerge when minds from diverse backgrounds collide. Through these exchanges, we aim to prove that collaborative innovation, if given proper guidance, can turn ambitious visions into tangible breakthroughs. May our collective wisdom light the path to a brighter tomorrow. 【评解】 【总体分】 ① ​题材：本文为国际科技峰会欢迎辞，旨在向多国青年创新者介绍跨学科议程并激发协同创新愿景，符合"用英语讲好中国科创故事"的命题导向。 ② ​时态：主体使用一般现在时阐述峰会安排与理念（如"opens", "challenge", "will emerge"），未来展望采用现在时表将来（"we aim to prove"），增强论述即时性。 ③ ​提示：严格遵循"欢迎-议程-愿景"结构，通过具体案例（AI伦理辩论、生物工程工作坊）体现活动专业性，结尾升华至人类共同未来。 【写作步骤】 第一步：以庄重而不失活力的语气表达欢迎，将校园定位为全球智库（"global think tank"），奠定峰会高端基调。 第二步：分述三大议程—— 学术研讨：用"MIT researchers and teen programmers"体现代际与跨阶层合作； 实践工作坊："affordable medical prototypes"强调技术普惠性； 创新马拉松："balancing feasibility and sensitivity"突出多维度评估标准。 第三步：超越议程本身，强调思想碰撞的价值（"uncharted ideas...collide"），以条件状语从句"if given proper guidance"点明协作创新的关键要素。 【亮点词汇】 ① ​cutting-edge​（前沿的）：超纲但高频学术词，精准概括峰会主题，替代常见词advanced。 ② ​algorithmic transparency​（算法透明性）：考纲词transparency与计算机术语结合，体现跨学科特色。 ③ ​tangible breakthroughs​（切实突破）：tangible（可触摸的）考纲内，与抽象名词breakthroughs搭配，具象化创新成果。 【高分句型】 ① ​"where MIT researchers...debate" （定语从句） 结构：关系副词where引导，修饰AI ethics panel 作用：在介绍议程时自然融入参与者身份，增强说服力。 ② ​"tasking teams with creating..." （现在分词作状语） 结构：非谓语动词表伴随动作，主句"bioengineering workshops challenge"提出挑战，分词结构说明具体任务。 作用：简化复合句，保持节奏紧凑。 ③ ​"What excites us most lies..." （主语从句+倒装） 结构：What引导主语从句，谓语动词lies提前强调核心价值。 作用：突出峰会潜在影响，引发听众共鸣。 逻辑衔接 ​空间过渡："opens with...Subsequently...Additionally" 清晰标注议程时序。 ​代词指代："these exchanges"回指前文所有活动，避免重复。 ​条件暗示："if given proper guidance"为愿景实现设置合理前提，增强可信度。 试卷第2页，共22页 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年高考考前信息必刷卷（北京卷）02 英语·答案及评分标准 （满分：100分） 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．B 9．A 10．D 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 11．using 12．led 13．to 14．what 15．which 16．recognized 17．the safest 18．has witnessed 19．preference 20．to avoid 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，满分28分） 21．A 22．A 23．B 24．A 25．B 26．B 27. B 28．C 29．C 30．A 31. C 32．C 33．C 34．B 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 35．B 36．F 37．D 38. A 39. E 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，满分32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，满分12分） 40. It challenges conventional metrics of intellectual excellence that prioritize analytical precision through standardized testing. 41. Students using multiple modes exhibit 37% stronger neural connectivity between prefrontal and limbic systems. 42. Architecture students improve analytical precision through clay modeling, which aligns with traditional educational goals. Architecture students improve kinetic ideation through clay modeling, which aligns with traditional educational goals. 43. I aim to develop contextual synthesis, as identifying patterns across disciplines could enhance my ability to solve complex real-world problems that require integrated knowledge from multiple fields.（答案言之有理即可） 第二节（满分20分） 【参考范文】 Dear distinguished guests and fellow innovators, Hosting this summit fills us with immense pride as we welcome you to explore cutting-edge solutions shaping humanity’s shared future. Your presence, representing 15 nations, transforms our campus into a global think tank where curiosity bridges disciplines. The agenda opens with an AI ethics panel where MIT researchers and teen programmers will debate algorithmic transparency. Subsequently, bioengineering workshops challenge participants to design affordable medical prototypes using 3D-printing kits provided. Additionally, a cross-cultural design marathon will unfold, tasking teams with creating smart city models balancing technological feasibility and cultural sensitivity. What excites us most lies beyond scheduled events—the uncharted ideas that will emerge when minds from diverse backgrounds collide. Through these exchanges, we aim to prove that collaborative innovation, if given proper guidance, can turn ambitious visions into tangible breakthroughs. May our collective wisdom light the path to a brighter tomorrow. 应用文写作评分标准 一、评分原则 1. 本题总分为20分，按5个档次给分。 2. 评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。 3. 词数少于60和多于100的，从总分中减去2分。 4. 评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性和准确性及上下文的连贯性。 5. 拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。 6. 如书写较差，以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次。 二、各档次的给分范围和要求 档次 描述 第五档 (17～20分) 完全完成了试题规定的任务。 - 覆盖所有内容要点。 - 应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。 - 语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但因尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力。 - 有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。 完全达到了预期的写作目的。 第四档 (13～16分) 完全完成了试题规定的任务。 - 虽漏掉1、2个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。 - 应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。 - 语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。 - 应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。 达到了预期的写作目的。 第三档 (9～12分) 基本完成了试题规定的任务。 - 虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容。 - 应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。 - 有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。 - 应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文内容连贯。 整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。 第二档 (5～8分) 未适当完成试题规定的任务。 - 漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。 - 语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。 - 有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。 - 较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。 信息未能清楚地传达给读者。 第一档 (1～4分) 未完成试题规定的任务。 - 明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。 - 语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。 - 较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。 - 缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。 信息未能传达给读者。 0分 未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判；写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。 试卷第2页，共22页 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 绝密★启用前 2025年高考考前信息必刷卷（北京卷）01 英 语 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：100分） 考情速递 高考·新动向：近年北京卷英语试题持续强化“素养立意”“价值引领”和“德育渗透”，以语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力为核心考查维度，注重学生解决真实问题的综合能力。例如，2024年阅读C篇探讨“宇宙模拟”争议，引导考生关注科技伦理与创新路径，体现对批判性思维和科学探究能力的考查；2024年完形填空探讨合作与自立关系；2024年应用文写作涉及家国情怀（新中国成立75周年写作任务）。 高考·新考法：语法考查的隐性综合化。近年北京卷的语法填空不再局限于单句，而是依托完整语篇，需结合上下文时态、连词逻辑及语义连贯性解题（如故事类语篇中过去完成时与现在完成时的交替使用）。 命题·大预测：科技的两面性主题也是近年北京卷阅读理解和应用文写作的命题热点，本套试卷在研究近5年高考题目的基础上，对相关话题进行分析和探索，命制成高质量的题目供广大师生学习使用。如本套试卷中阅读理解的C篇，保持"科技双刃剑"深刻性，符合北京英语新课标"数字公民"素养要求。同时，在应用文写作部分，延续北京卷"用英语讲好中国科技故事"的特色，同时满足深刻性、时代性与交际功能统一的要求。 备考策略：根据北京高考英语真题命题特点，建议跨学科阅读积累：精读《经济学人》《科学美国人》等外刊的科技、社科类文章，掌握高频术语与论证逻辑。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下列短文, 掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 I never considered myself a leader. Being the youngest in every group made me naturally ____1____. So when Mr. Smith announced our history project required a team presentation, my palms turned sweaty. "Each group needs a ____2____ to organize the work," he added. My classmates' eyes immediately ____3____ toward me. "You’re good at PowerPoint!" they insisted. I swallowed hard and nodded. The first meeting was chaos. I ____4____ my notebook nervously as everyone talked over each other. "We need structure," I blurted unexpectedly. To my surprise, the room fell silent. Emboldened, I divided tasks: "Lisa researches battles, Tom handles maps, I’ll ____5____ the timeline." The pages started ____6____ with colorful sticky notes. By the third rehearsal, my ____7____ grew. "Slow down when explaining troop movements," I suggested to Mike. "Let’s add comparison charts here," I told Sarah. Their ____8____ nods fueled my determination. On presentation day, my knees shook as I ____9____ the clicker. But when Lisa stumbled on dates, I smoothly ____10____: "As the timeline shows, this precisely led to Napoleon’s strategy." The class erupted in applause. Mr. Smith smiled: "Excellent leadership!" I finally understood—sometimes the quietest voices make the clearest guides. 1. A. curious B. passive C. confident D. sensitive 2. A. volunteer B. reminder C. designer D. observer 3. A. lifted B. dropped C. widened D. rolled 4. A. decorated B. clutched C. tossed D. underlined 5. A. sketch B. simplify C. document D. accelerate 6. A. flying by B. coming alive C. standing out D. breaking up 7. A. patience B. authority C. creativity D. doubt 8. A. reluctant B. enthusiastic C. confused D. occasional 9. A. reached for B. set aside C. fixed D. lost 10. A. hesitated B. apologized C. interrupted D. explained 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A hiker's anxiety turned to joy in the mountains as rescuers swiftly located a missing twenty-year-old man with a disability. The rescue team launched an urgent search, ____11____ (use) dogs and tracking devices. A special sensor ____12____ (lead) to the detection of his presence under some bushes. A nearby monitoring camera recorded the dramatic moment of his rescue. Thanks ____13____rescuers' prompt action, he was discovered safe and sound. The public commended the team's efficiency in changing ____12____could have been a disaster into a touching rescue. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 On June 15, 2024, Sarah Thompson ____15____（award）the Young Scientist of the Year. And when ____16____（ask）about the key to her success, she emphasized perseverance. Thompson, ____17____ is always absorbed in her research, attributed her unwavering efforts to her remarkable achievements at such a young age. “Success is not a one - time event; it's the result of continuous dedication and hard work,” she stated. Food additives are present in many processed foods in small quantities. When these additives interact in an unexpected way, they can produce harmful substances, ____15____can cause adverse health effects. Consumers should purchase foods that are only certified by a nationally ____16____ (recognize)food safety organization and stop consuming the product if it shows signs of spoilage, such as an off odor, unusual color, or swelling packaging. Among all the places to store these products, ____16____ (safe)one is in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and moisture. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 For companies to thrive, they must understand and respond to changing market demands. In the past decade, the global market ____18____ (witness)a shift in consumer preferences marked by the rise of eco-friendly products. Consumers have shown a growing ____19____ (prefer)for sustainable and environmentally friendly goods. Thus, it's essential for companies to genuinely embrace and promote green values and practices. While incorporating eco-elements into business strategies can be beneficial, it should be done carefully ____20____(avoid) misleading consumers. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分, 满分28分） 阅读下列短文, 掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A To foster environmental awareness among youth, Green Horizons Alliance (GHA) launches a mentorship initiative pairing experienced volunteers with middle school students. This program guides young participants in designing community-based sustainability projects, nurturing critical thinking and leadership skills through hands-on environmental practice. What's in it for you? Engaging as a mentor offers multifaceted growth. Beyond the fulfillment of shaping future eco-citizens, you'll refine project management abilities vital for professional development. Collaborative problem-solving with educators and environmentalists expands your network, while organizing workshops enhances public speaking confidence. For those pursuing careers in education or ecology, this experience strengthens your portfolio. Mentor responsibilities: ·Attend orientation to align with GHA's educational framework and safety protocols. ·Co-design a semester-long project (e.g., urban gardening, waste reduction) tailored to your student group's interests. ·Conduct biweekly field sessions demonstrating ecological monitoring techniques and data analysis methods. ·Facilitate monthly progress reviews with school faculty and environmental experts. ·Maintain regular communication to troubleshoot challenges while encouraging student autonomy. ·Document project milestones through photos, journals, and impact metrics for annual sustainability reports. This volunteer commitment requires systematic dedication. Your consistent guidance will empower students to transform theoretical knowledge into tangible community improvements. 21. According to the passage, what personal benefit might mentors gain? A. Opportunities to establish professional connections. B. Guaranteed job offers in environmental organizations. C. Financial rewards for outstanding performance. D. Exclusive access to ecological research facilities. 22. Which task is specifically required of mentors? A. Developing projects based on students' preferences. B. Conducting daily environmental science classes. C. Funding all experimental materials independently. D. Replacing schoolteachers in academic evaluations. 23. What is the primary purpose of this document? A. To compare educational approaches in ecology. B. To recruit dedicated environmental mentors. C. To advertise sustainability research grants. D. To document student project achievements B Diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after military service, James discovered healing through competitive swimming. The water became his sanctuary, silencing battlefield echoes that once haunted his nights. During rehabilitation in 2018, a Veterans Affairs therapist recommended aquatic therapy. Initially resistant, James found rhythmic strokes calming his hypervigilance. "Submerging underwater felt like resetting my mental compass," he recalls. His first regional para-swim meet in 2019 marked a turning point, where disciplined training replaced medication dependency. Pursuing sports psychology certification, James developed trauma-informed coaching methods. "Laps transform flashbacks into focus. The pool’s resistance mirrors our daily battles," he explains. Partnering with fellow veteran Maria (amputee swimmer and Paralympic medalist), they co-founded Waves of Courage in 2021 - a nonprofit training disabled veterans in adaptive aquatics. Open-water training presents unique hurdles. Hypersensitivity to sudden noises requires customized safety protocols. Maria’s prosthetic limb maintenance during saltwater competitions demands meticulous planning. Their greatest challenge remains combating societal stereotypes about veterans’ capabilities. From community pools to Paralympic qualifiers, their trainees have clocked 5,000+ therapeutic swim hours. James recently mentored a 19-year-old burn survivor through her first 10km marathon swim. Meanwhile, he’s drafting a memoir intertwining military strategy with swim tactics, aiming to publish before next year’s Invictus Games. "These warriors redefine resilience," remarks their lead sports therapist. "Their structured approach to emotional regulation through stroke counting offers groundbreaking PTSD management models." James envisions expanding coastal adaptive swim centers nationwide. "Water doesn’t discriminate. We want every trauma survivor to experience this weightless empowerment," he states. 24. According to the passage, aquatic therapy initially helped James to ______. A. reduce reliance on psychological medication B. restore his physical coordination completely C. prepare for professional coaching certification D. eliminate all symptoms of battlefield memories 25. What challenge do James and Maria frequently face? A. Maintaining equipment in tropical climates B. Public misconceptions about veterans’ skills C. Securing sponsorship for international competitions D. Training teenagers with severe mobility limitations 26. What is James’s future goal according to the text? A. To develop new swimwear for amputees B. To establish therapeutic swim facilities widely C. To compete in the next Summer Olympics D. To commercialize their training methods 27. Which saying best summarizes the passage’s message? A. Still waters run deep. B. Adversity fuels reinvention. C. Knowledge starts with practice. D. Fortune favors the prepared mind. C Emerging quantum computing technologies demonstrate potential to revolutionize data encryption protocols. These subatomic processing systems, operating through quantum bits (qubits), threaten to crack conventional cybersecurity defenses that have guarded digital communications for decades. Recent studies in Nature Cybersecurity reveal quantum algorithms can theoretically breach 2048-bit RSA encryption—the current gold standard—within hours. However, the same quantum principles enable novel "quantum-resistant" cryptographic methods. Dr. Elena Marquez, lead researcher at the Quantum Security Institute, explains: "By harnessing quantum entanglement, we're developing encryption keys that self-destruct if intercepted, creating theoretically unhackable channels." Cybersecurity vulnerabilities stem from traditional binary computation's limitations. Modern encryption relies on complex mathematical problems that classical computers solve slowly, but quantum machines using superposition can process exponentially faster. This quantum advantage poses risks to financial systems, national security databases, and personal privacy. The research team analyzed 18 quantum computing models across seven countries, focusing on photonic qubit systems that manipulate light particles. Their findings indicate that quantum decryption efficiency varies with qubit stability, error correction rates, and electromagnetic interference levels. Optimal conditions showed 93% decryption success rates for standard RSA codes, though performance fluctuated across trials. Quantum-resistant cryptography isn't foolproof. Implementation requires global infrastructure upgrades estimated at $2.1 trillion. Dr. Marquez's team proposes hybrid transition systems combining classical and quantum encryption during technological migration periods. "Like updating a plane's engines mid-flight, we must maintain security while rebuilding digital foundations," she analogizes. While the study didn't assess long-term quantum storage threats, preliminary models suggest encrypted data stolen today could remain vulnerable to future quantum attacks. This underscores the urgency for preemptive security overhauls. 28. What can be concluded from the passage? A. Quantum computing strengthens existing RSA encryption. B. Photonic qubit systems completely prevent electromagnetic interference. C. Quantum principles enable both cybersecurity threats and solutions. D. Hybrid transition systems have resolved all decryption challenges. 29. What does the underlined word "breach" in Paragraph 2 most likely mean? A. Create B. Strengthen C. Break through D. Simplify 30. Paragraph 5 mainly discusses the research _______. A. limitations B. methodologies C. applications D. funding sources 31. What is the author's primary purpose in writing this article? A. To warn about quantum computing's risks to employment B. To explain quantum physics principles for students C. To present a dual-edged technological development D. To advertise new quantum computing products D In an era dominated by digital devices, parents often resort to educational apps and smart toys to foster children's cognitive development. However, emerging neuroscience research suggests that traditional handicraft activities—pottery, weaving, woodcarving—offer unparalleled benefits in cultivating executive functions and cultural awareness. A 2022 multinational study led by Dr. Hiroshi Tanaka, cognitive scientist at Kyoto University, analyzed 800 children aged 6-12. Participants engaged in weekly clay modeling sessions showed 23% higher problem-solving scores than peers using touchscreen learning tools. "Tactile manipulation activates the inferior parietal lobule," Dr. Tanaka explains, "enhancing spatial reasoning and patience—skills often underdeveloped in screen-reliant environments." Cultural psychologist Dr. Emilia Rossi from Florence emphasizes intergenerational bonding through craft apprenticeship. "Mastering Venetian mask-making with grandparents strengthens autobiographical memory networks," she notes, referencing fMRI scans showing heightened hippocampus activity during heritage skill transmission. Unlike transient digital achievements, these embodied memories persist through adulthood as cultural anchors. Neuroscientist Dr. Rajiv Kapoor’s team at Delhi Institute of Technology identifies two crucial neural pathways activated by handicrafts: the FOCUS network (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) governing attention regulation, and the CREATE system (default mode network) facilitating imaginative synthesis. "Threading beads engages fine motor control while subconsciously calculating geometric patterns," Kapoor states, "This dual activation builds cognitive flexibility superior to passive media consumption." While smart devices provide instant feedback, researchers warn excessive screen time may atrophy the supramarginal gyrus—critical for tactile-kinesthetic integration. Traditional crafts conversely promote "slow mastery," teaching children to embrace iterative improvement. As Dr. Rossi observes, "A child who spends months perfecting ceramic glazing develops resilience no app can simulate." 32. From Dr. Tanaka’s research, we know that ________. A. clay modeling improves children’s immediate memory B. spatial reasoning develops better through digital tools C. tactile activities enhance problem-solving capacities D. screen learning activates the inferior parietal lobule 33. What can be inferred about the CREATE system? A. It governs logical calculations during exams. B. It strengthens through repetitive digital gaming. C. It activates when designing handmade patterns. D. It deteriorates during intergenerational activities. 34. According to the passage, the author may agree that ________. A. instant feedback apps optimize cognitive flexibility B. traditional crafts cultivate persistence in skill mastery C. digital devices enhance supramarginal gyrus development D. ceramic glazing requires less time than app programming 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分, 满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever struggled to recall a name during an exam despite thorough preparation? Or felt mentally foggy after consecutive late-night study sessions? These phenomena may stem from overlooked neurological foundations of memory consolidation. 35 It refers to the brain's ability to reorganize neural pathways through experience, forming the biological basis for learning. This dynamic process occurs most effectively during specific sleep phases, when hippocampal-cortical dialogues transfer short-term memories into long-term storage. 36 Chronic sleep deprivation disrupts this delicate mechanism. Without adequate REM cycles, the brain struggles to prune irrelevant neural connections. Some synaptic networks become overloaded while others atrophy. 37 It reduces cognitive flexibility and compromises the glymphatic system's nightly toxin clearance, potentially elevating neurodegenerative risks. What constitutes optimal memory-enhancing sleep? Adults typically require 7-9 hours with balanced sleep architecture—20-25% REM and 15-20% deep N3 sleep. The pre-sleep period should involve gradual sensory dimming: reduced blue light exposure and stabilized cortisol levels. But what if academic demands conflict with these needs? 38 For instance, implement 90-minute "ultradian rhythm" study blocks followed by 20-minute naps containing N2 sleep spindles known to enhance procedural memory. Merely extending sleep duration proves insufficient. The quality and timing of rest periods prove equally crucial. Surprisingly, strategic sleep fragmentation sometimes outperforms continuous shallow sleep for memory encoding. 39 Combine this with aerobic exercise—it boosts cerebral blood flow and BDNF production, synergistically supporting neuroplasticity beyond basic cognitive maintenance. A. Prioritize consistency over duration—maintain fixed wake times even on weekends. B. Neuroplasticity isn't just scientific jargon. C. The cerebral cleansing process peaks during afternoon siestas. D. This cumulative damage manifests as impaired memory retrieval. E. Many students compensate through caffeine without considering adenosine receptors. F. Neuroscientists identify sleep architecture as the scaffold for cognitive performance. G. Memory consolidation primarily occurs through daytime repetition of information. 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，满分32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，满分12分） 阅读下面短文, 根据题目要求回答问题。 Human cognitive diversity extends beyond academic capabilities, a truth illuminated by contemporary neuroscience. The Quadrant Cognitive Model (QCM), introduced by Dr. Eleanor Cooper in her 2019 work Beyond the GPA, challenges conventional metrics of intellectual excellence by identifying four adaptive cognition modes: analytical precision (systematic problem-solving), contextual synthesis (cross-disciplinary pattern recognition), empathetic navigation (emotional resonance in decision-making), and kinetic ideation (movement-enhanced creativity). Traditional education prioritizes analytical precision through standardized testing, yet neuroimaging reveals that excessive focus on this single mode may inhibit dendritic branching in brain regions governing social cognition. "We're neurologically pruning students' potential by overemphasizing linear logic," argues Dr. Cooper, whose fMRI studies demonstrate that students employing multiple cognitive modes exhibit 37% stronger neural connectivity between prefrontal and limbic systems. Progressive institutions now implement multimodal curricula: architecture students use clay modeling to enhance spatial intelligence (kinetic ideation), while literature seminars analyze character motivations through role-play (empathetic navigation). Early adopters report 22% higher student engagement and 15% improved conflict-resolution skills. This paradigm shift extends to professional development. Adults who reactivate dormant cognitive modes through targeted training—such as engineers practicing improvisational theater to boost contextual synthesis—show enhanced innovation capacity. "Our brains remain plastic," notes cognitive psychologist Dr. Marcus Lee, "but societal structures often fossilize cognitive preferences formed in adolescence. 40. According to the passage, what does the Quadrant Cognitive Model challenge? 41. What neurological finding supports using multiple cognitive modes in education? 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▷ Architecture students improve analytical precision through clay modeling, which aligns with traditional educational goals. 43. Which cognitive mode do you want to develop most? Why? 第二节（满分20分） 44．假设你是北斗中学科技创新社社长王明。下周将有一个国际青年科技创新者代表团访问你校，参加“跨学科未来解决方案峰会”。请你作为学生代表致欢迎辞，内容包括： 1． 表示欢迎； 2. 介绍峰会主要议程（如人工智能伦理研讨会、生物工程跨界工作坊等）； 3. 表达对全球青年协同创新的期待。 注意: 1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear distinguished guests and fellow innovators, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ May our collective wisdom light the path to a brighter tomorrow. 试卷第2页，共22页 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$