精品解析：天津市第五十五中学2024-2025学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题

天津市第五十五中学2024-2025学年度第一学期高三年级月检测英语 Ⅰ卷 听力理解(共20分) 第一节 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A. B. C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When did the man begin to wait at the subway station? A. At 7 o’ clock B. At 8 o’ clock C. At 9 o’ clock 2. What will the weather be like in April according to the man? A. Cool B. Hot. C. Windy 3. Where are the speakers? A. In an office B. In a restaurant C. At the subway station 4. What is the man's problem? A. He's not accustomed to the large building B. He can't find a bigger apartment C. It's hard to find new building 5. What do the speakers say about heights? A. Both of them have overcome their fear. B. They are both afraid of high places now C. Both of them prefer high places these days. 第二节 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题。从题中所给的 A. B. C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你讲有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8三个小题。 6. Why does the company fire Jim? A. There is a crisis and a new machine B. He is always late for work C. He is not up to the job 7. What's the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Headmaster and teacher B. Manager and secretary C. Director and actress 8. What can we learn about the man speaker? A. He has ever been dismissed.B. He needn't talk to Jim himself.C. He asked Sara. to work here. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11三个小题。 9. What is the survey about? A. Family life B. Unusual hobbies C. Holiday activities 10. What is the man interested in? A. Special exhibitions B. Bird shooting C. Mountain climbing 11. Where does the man's wife prefer to go? A. The seaside B. Castles C. Ski resorts 听下面一段对话，回答第12至第15四个小题。 12. What's the highest temperature in southern areas today? A.16℃ B.23℃ C.27℃ 13. What will the weather be like in the northwest tomorrow morning? A. Sunny B. Cloudy C. Windy 14. When will it be rainy in most of the southern half of the country? A. This evening B. Tomorrow morning C. Tomorrow evening 15. What will keep temperatures in the north down to about 19℃? A. The fog B. The storm C. The east wind Ⅱ卷选择题(共95分) 第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节：单项填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 1. In the UK, when having dinner with your friends, you have to wait until everyone else ________ before you start eating. A. has served B. is being served C. had been served D. has been served 2. ________ remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create, and that’s the real spirit of invention. A. It B. That C. What D. As 3. Most of us would assume that urban development and climate change are ________ pushing the animals out of their natural habitats. A. responsible for B. particular about C. beneficial to D. consistent with 4. With these words ________ in their ears, Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day. A. fading B. ringing C. swimming D. hanging 5. —Look. Here’s a quiz on events of the twentieth century. —Oh, ________. I’m good at history. A. you’ve got me there B. I appreciate that C. let me give it a try D. it’s right under my nose 6. Computer graphics technology has now reached the point, ________ special effects can be used to do just about anything. A. which B. whose C. where D. when 7. Hundreds of delighted students________ to welcome him who had raised money to build a well for them near their school. A. worked out B. dropped out C. given out D. turned out 8. ________25 years ago next month, the club is holding a party for past and present members. A. To be formed B. Having formed C. Formed D. Forming 9. You can often impress your boss by dressing in a businesslike way ________ others dress casually. A. as long as B. even if C. before D. since 10. 5G commercial service’s being officially launched has opened a new digital age, ____ not only technology but also people’s work capacity and lifestyle will be upgraded. A. as B. where C. when D. which 11. People who lack adequate housing are found in every country of the world and, ________, in almost every community. A. indeed B. otherwise C. however D. therefore 12. ---There’s a factory outside town that’s pumping chemicals into the river. ---How can they do that? Isn’t it________ the law? A. under B. beyond C. over D. against 13. —Would you mind if I borrow your underwater camera for a diving trip to Florida? —________ But please be careful with it. A. You’re kidding me. B. Sure, that’s fine. C. It’s a piece of cake. D. Actually, I care. 14. In college, Spring Break is usually associated with the beach, parties and sleepless nights, bring about ________, free time and friends. A. examination B. investigation C. relaxation D. promotion 15. —It’s nearly a quarter to eight. Beth hasn’t turned up yet. —She________ the time. Why don’t I call and see what happened? A. shouldn’t have forgotten B. might have forgotten C. needn’t have forgotten D. must have forgotten 第二节：完形填空 (共20小题； 每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31~50各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中， British Cycling had recently hired Dave Brailsford as its new director. At the time, professional cyclists in Great Britain had ____16____ nearly one hundred years of mediocrity(平庸). In fact, their____17____ had been so poor that one of the top bike companies in Europe ____18____ to sell bikes to the team because they were afraid that it would hurt sales if other professionals saw the British people using their bikes. What made Brailsford different from previous coaches was his____19____ of searching for a tiny improvement in everything they do. The whole principle came from the idea that if you____20____ everything you could think of that goes into riding a bike, improve it by 1 percent and you will get a____21____ increase when you put them all together. Brailsford and his coaches began by making small____22____. They redesigned the bike seats to make them more____23____. They asked riders to wear electrically heated over-shorts to ____24____ ideal muscle temperature while riding and used biofeedback sensors to ____25____how each athlete responded to a particular workout. But they didn’t stop there.They____26____ to find 1 percent improvements in overlooked areas. They hired a(n)____27____ to teach each rider the best way to wash their hands to reduce the ____28____ of catching a cold. They even painted the ____29____ of the team truck white, which helped them ____30____little bits of dust that would normally slip by ____31____ but could affect the performance of the____32____tuned bikes. As these and hundreds of other small improvements were ____33____, the results came faster than anyone could have ____34____. Just five years after Brailsford took over, they____35____ the road and track cycling events in all the important Games. 16. A. lost B. enjoyed C. showed D. suffered 17 A. score B. track C. performance D. model 18. A. failed B. refused C. expected D. pretended 19. A. promise B. opinion C. dream D. philosophy 20. A. broke down B. took down C. put up D. gave away 21. A. flexible B. temporary C. significant D. random 22 A. differences B. adjustments C. programs D. efforts 23. A. attractive B. empty C. soft D. comfortable 24. A. maintain B. raise C. reduce D. discover 25. A. change B. monitor C. manage D. produce 26. A. continued B. happened C. learned D. bothered 27. A. coach B. secretary C. assistant D. surgeon 28. A. sessions B. chances C. records D. reactions 29. A. tyres B. roof C. inside D. seats 30. A. gather B. recognize C. spot D. send 31. A. surrounded B. unnoticed C. removed D. discovered 32. A. finely B. initially C. slightly D. positively 33. A. took off B. picked up C. built up D. got off 34. A. achieved B. remembered C. mentioned D. imagined 35. A. dominated B. witnessed C. celebrated D. attended 第三部分 阅读理解(共20小题：每小题2.5分，满分50分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Gymnastics Instructor Wanted About us PCYC (Police Citizens Youth Club) Queensland is a not-for-profit organization established in 1948, aiming to build safer and healthier communities. We focus on young people’s personal and leadership development by offering state-wide programs, services and facilities through 54 branches, two leadership development centers and two activity centers. About the position PCYC Burdekin currently wants gymnastics instructors, who will assist in the development and delivery of the gymnastics programs to PCYC clients. •Casual work (approximately 20 30 hours per week) •$28.38-$31.80 per hour (depending on previous experience and qualification—junior rate may apply) •To be employed, you must be qualified to get a Working with Children Check or Blue Card and be willing to undertake a National Police Check. •Applicants with intermediate accreditation (认证) from Gymnastics Queensland will be considered with priority. What we can offer •Free onsite parking and free access to PC 24/7 gyms •Flexible work environment and working hours •Opportunity to work in an established branch with a great team Key responsibilities include •Deliver a broad range of fun group gymnastics programs for all ages, in accordance with safety and industry-approved practice requirements. •Contribute towards creative marketing and promotion of the gymnastics programs to maintain current participants and attract new participants. •Ensure our gymnastics equipment is maintained and used in a safe manner. •Instruct and assist the work of junior coaching staff. Deadline Applications close on 8 September, 2022. Interested? Click here to apply. 36. What is PCYC Queensland’s goal? A. To provide the youth with advice on personal emotions. B. To make a fortune through state-wide programs. C. To build more branches outside Queensland. D. To improve community security and health. 37. How much can a gymnastics instructor in PCYC Burdekin earn in a week? A. $100-$300. B. $330-$530. C. $560-$960. D. $990-$1390. 38. What should you do to increase your chance of being employed by PCYC Burdekin? A Express the desire to work for National Police Agency. B. Show the intermediate gymnastics qualification. C. Present the experiences in dealing with children. D. Explain the urgent need for a full-time job. 39. If hired, a gymnastics instructor will be responsible for_________. A. seeking junior coaches to build a team B. seleoting suitable equipment for teenagers C. helping advertise the gymnastics programs D. designing new gymnastics programs independently 40. Where does this text probably come from? A. A Queensland’s local paper. B. A job-hunting mobile app. C. A popular science website. D. A notice-board in a gym. B Forcing waiters and waitresses to survive on tips from customers rather than normal wages is a pointless, crude, and uniquely American custom which, in the past several years, a handful of progressive restaurant owners have attempted to do away with. Now one of the most famous names in the dining business is about to join their ranks. Danny Meyer, CEO of Union Square Hospitality Group, has announced that he plans to gradually stop tipping at the company’s 13 restaurants. What, exactly, is wrong with tipping? As Meyer has explained, more or less it’s everything. To start, leaving a waiter’s pay in the hands of variable customers has a feeling of classism (阶级歧视). And in theory, restaurant customers who use the power to tip are at least supposed to motivate better service. This fails in practice because humans turn out to be pretty arbitrary (任意的) about their tipping behavior. Research has shown that the amount diners leave has very little to do with their level of satisfaction. All of this doesn’t encourage waiters or waitresses to do anything better. Tipping is also very unfair to kitchen staff. Tips are usually divided between front-of-the-house workers like waiters and bartenders (调酒师), but not cooks. This creates a system in which the people serving the food in a restaurant can earn more than the people preparing it. One of the most fascinating parts of Meyer’s move is that, unlike some restaurant owners who have taken an anti-tipping stand, he won’t simply add a standard extra charge to diners’ bills. Rather, Union Square Hospitality Group plans to raise menu prices enough to fully cover the cost of a meal. If Meyer manages to move away from tipping at all without hurting his profits, it would certainly set the stage for others to follow suit. 41. According to the text, the restaurants planning to stop tipping_______. A. were very popular with customers. B. accounted for little of all restaurants. C. were against customers’ interest D. received wide support from waiters. 42. Customers hope tipping can help improve waiters’ service_______. A. and it fulfills their wishes as expected B. but things go contrary to their wishes C. and it increases the restaurants’ income D. but the amount is beyond their expectation 43. According to Danny Meyer, the practice of tipping will_______. A. lead to more unemployment B. result in waiters’ competition C increase customers’ income fast D. cause some unnecessary conflicts 44. What will customers feel after eating in Danny Meyer’s restaurants? A. The total expense is much. B. The restaurants are crowded. C. The price of food is high. D. The food there is very cheap. 45. What may be the best title for the text? A. Restaurants getting rid of tipping. B. The disadvantages of tipping. C. How to run restaurants successfully. D. Difficulties that restaurants are faced with. C Microplastic pollution has been detected in human blood for the first time, with scientists finding the tiny particles(微粒) in almost 80% of the people tested. The discovery shows the particles can travel around the body and may live in organs. The impact on health is as yet unknown. But researchers are concerned as microplastics cause damage to human cells in the laboratory and air pollution particles are already known to enter the body and cause millions of early deaths a year. Huge amounts of plastic waste are left in the environment and microplastics now pollute the entire planet, from the top of Mount Everest to the deepest oceans. People were already known to consume the tiny particles via food and water as well as breathing them in, and they have been found in the faeces (排泄物) of babies and adults. The scientists analysed blood samples from 22 healthy adults and found plastic particles in 17. Half the samples contained PET plastic, which is commonly used in drinks bottles, while a third contained polystyrene, used for packaging food and other products. A quarter of the blood samples contained polyethylene, from which plastic carrier bags are made. “Our study is the first indication that we have polymer particles(聚合物颗粒) in our blood — it’s a breakthrough result,” said Prof Dick Vethaak, an expert at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam in the Netherlands. “But we have to extend the research and increase the sample sizes, the number of polymers assessed, etc.” Further studies by a number of groups are already under way, he said. “It is certainly reasonable to be concerned,” Vethaak said. “The particles are there and are transported throughout the body.” He said previous work had shown that microplastics were 10 times higher in the faeces of babies compared with adults and that babies fed with plastic bottles are taking millions of microplastic particles a day. Vethaak acknowledged that the amount and type of plastic varied considerably between the blood samples. “But this is a pioneering study,” he said, with more work now needed. He said the differences might reflect short-term exposure before the blood samples were taken, such as drinking from a plastic-lined coffee cup, or wearing a plastic face mask. “The big question is what is happening in our body?” Vethaak said. “Are the particles retained in the body? Are they transported to certain organs, such as getting past the blood-brain barrier? And are these levels sufficiently high to cause disease? We urgently need to fund further research so we can find out.” 46. What could be inferred from Paragraph 2? A. Air Pollution particles can cause death eventually. B. Microplastics can be deadly to humans. C. There is no evidence that microplastics harm human cells. D. Microplastics can travel throughout body and damage organs. 47. What can we learn about microplastics from Paragraph 4? A. They are found in most people. B. Polyethylene found in blood samples might be taken from drinks bottles. C. A quarter of the blood samples contained PET particles. D. Half of the microplastics in the blood samples were likely introduced by drinking from plastic containers. 48. According to Paragraph 5, what was Prof Dick Vethaak’s attitude towards their findings? A. Doubtful. B. Negative. C. Excited. D. Depressed. 49. The underlined part “this is a pioneering study” in Paragraph 7 probably means ________. A. we are the pioneers in the field of plastic research B. we need more blood examples and more work to do C. we are entering a whole new field of research D. this is an extremely important study 50. Which section of the newspaper may this article be found in? A. Political. B. Fashion. C. Food. D. Environment. D Lack is a matter of preparation meeting opportunity," said the American talk show host Oprah Winfrey. I've never watched her show, but when a self-made billionaire gives life advice it' s probably worth listening to. Her point is that blind luck is very rare. You may have to be lucky to find a good job these days but that does not mean you should sit at home waiting for the opportunity to come to you. If you're a Chinese, you may already be familiar with the tale of a farmer waiting by a tree stump（树桩）for a rabbit to run out and break its neck. Richard Wiseman, the UK psychologist, conducted an experiment as part of his studies. First he divided volunteers into two groups: those who said they were lucky in life and those who said they were not. He gave everyone a newspaper and asked them to look through it to count how many photographs it had inside. On average, the unlucky people took about two minutes to count the photographs while the lucky people took just seconds. Why? On the second page of the newspaper, a command, "Stop counting There are 43 photographs in this newspaper," was written in big letters. The unlucky people mostly did not spot the message. It's easy to compare this situation to a young person looking for jobs in a local paper. They might search so hard for one type of position that they miss an even better opportunity. People who are "lucky", in fact, keep an open mind and don't go through the same routine every day. I first came to China in 2002 when it was considered a rather strange thing to do, Like many foreigners, my plan was to teach English for one year. Seven years later, and still here, I've had many great opportunities such as writing for newspapers and magazines. I did not dream these would have been possible. I've also never been sick, had an accident, got into a fight or had problems with the police. Coincidence? After reading about Professor Wiseman's studies I think not. As Wiseman advises, I usually trust my own judgment. Your friends and parents may give you advice based on rational（理性）thinking, but it's important to consider how you feel about each choice you make. Your feeling acts as a warning for a potential problem. Finally, try to turn bad luck into good. Even if you do fall down and break a leg, the time spent at home can be used wisely to study English. 51. What do you know about Oprah Winfrey? A. She is a good organizer of a talk show in America. B. She became famous through her family background. C. She was lucky and seldom fell flat on her face. D. She became successful entirely by her own effort. 52. The writer quoted the Chinese tale of a farmer in order to show________. A. luck is in your own hand B. bad luck can turn into good C. you can't wait for an opportunity D. man can conquer nature 53. From the experiment Wiseman drew the conclusion that________. A. lucky people are quick-minded B. unlucky people are slow to read C. lucky people often have an open mind D. unlucky people are not routineers 54. The underlined word "spot" is the closest in meaning to "________”. A. recognize B. mark C. make D. receive 55. Which of the following proverbs most agrees with the writer's point? A. Make the best of a bad situation. B. Rome was not built in a day. C. All is not gold that glitters. D. A good heart conquers ill fortune. Ⅱ卷非选择题(共35分) 第二部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)关注天津考生公众号获取最新试卷 第一节：阅读表达(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 When I was seven years old, I saw my mother making doll clothes. She told me that they were for the poor people, so I never gave it another thought. On Christmas morning when I opened my present, there were those beautiful doll clothes. My mother just smiled and said, “They are for the poor people. We’re poor.” When I was nine, my greatest desire in life was to own a pogo stick (弹簧高跷). But my mother told me that we simply couldn’t afford one. A few days before Christmas, my parents and I went shopping. While my mother and I were paying the money, my dad came with a long box. I remember wondering at that very moment if it was a pogo stick in that box. After we arrived back at home my dad put the box in the barn. While my parents were away, I shuck out to the barn to find the box. I was so excited and I knew that as soon as I opened that magical box, my bright, shiny pogo stick would appear. No such luck! Inside the box was a silly old broom. And so Christmas morning was disappointing. After all the wrapping paper was cleaned up, my dad came back from the barn with a beautiful pogo stick. I couldn’t believe it, how they were able to get the money for it and how they tricked me with the broom. My parents probably laughed quietly when they played the trick on me and I wondered if they were watching me from the window as I went out to the barn secretly for my Christmas present. Although we didn’t have much money, my parents gave me the most important gift of all, much love. We had love and we had joy. 56. What present did the author receive on Christmas morning at the age of 7?(no more than 10 words) ________________ 57. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 2 mean? (no more than 5 words) ________________ 58. Why did the author feel disappointed when the author found a broom in the box?(no more than 15 words) ________________ 59. Why did the author’s parents put a broom in the box? (no more than 15 words) ________________ 60. What is the best present you’ve received from your parents? Please give your reasons.(no more than 20 words) ________________ 第二节：书面表达(满分25分) 61. 假设你是晨光中学学生李津，你校外教 Chris对中国传统文化非常感兴趣，最近市博物馆将要举办中国传统文化系列展，请你给 Chris写封邮件，邀请他一同前往参观某一分展，内容包括： 1.发出邀请； 2.展览介绍(时间；地点；主题；内容；选择这个主题的原因等)； 3.期待回复 注意： 1.从如下主题中选择一个进行介绍: paper cutting 剪纸；Peking Opera 京剧；calligraphy书法；seal cutting篆刻； 2.词数不少于 100，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.开头结尾以给出，不计入词数。 Dear Chris, Good news for you! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Jin 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 天津市第五十五中学2024-2025学年度第一学期高三年级月检测英语 Ⅰ卷 听力理解(共20分) 第一节 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A. B. C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When did the man begin to wait at the subway station? A. At 7 o’ clock B. At 8 o’ clock C. At 9 o’ clock 2. What will the weather be like in April according to the man? A. Cool B. Hot. C. Windy 3. Where are the speakers? A. In an office B. In a restaurant C. At the subway station 4. What is the man's problem? A. He's not accustomed to the large building B. He can't find a bigger apartment C. It's hard to find new building 5. What do the speakers say about heights? A. Both of them have overcome their fear. B. They are both afraid of high places now C. Both of them prefer high places these days. 第二节 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题。从题中所给的 A. B. C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你讲有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8三个小题。 6. Why does the company fire Jim? A. There is a crisis and a new machine B. He is always late for work C. He is not up to the job 7. What's the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Headmaster and teacher B. Manager and secretary C. Director and actress 8. What can we learn about the man speaker? A. He has ever been dismissed.B. He needn't talk to Jim himself.C. He asked Sara. to work here. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11三个小题。 9. What is the survey about? A. Family life B. Unusual hobbies C. Holiday activities 10. What is the man interested in? A. Special exhibitions B. Bird shooting C. Mountain climbing 11. Where does the man's wife prefer to go? A. The seaside B. Castles C. Ski resorts 听下面一段对话，回答第12至第15四个小题。 12. What's the highest temperature in southern areas today? A.16℃ B.23℃ C.27℃ 13. What will the weather be like in the northwest tomorrow morning? A. Sunny B. Cloudy C. Windy 14. When will it be rainy in most of the southern half of the country? A. This evening B. Tomorrow morning C. Tomorrow evening 15. What will keep temperatures in the north down to about 19℃? A. The fog B. The storm C. The east wind Ⅱ卷选择题(共95分) 第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节：单项填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 1. In the UK, when having dinner with your friends, you have to wait until everyone else ________ before you start eating. A. has served B. is being served C. had been served D. has been served 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：在英国，当你和你的朋友共进晚餐时，你必须等到所有人都就坐后才开始吃饭。分析句子可知，空格处缺少谓语动词，句中指你必须等到所有人都就坐后才开始吃饭，强调“所有人都就坐”的动作已经完成，应用现在完成时，“everyone else”意为“所有人”，于“serve”为被动关系，故句子应用现在完成时的被动语态，“everyone else”作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。故选D项。 2. ________ remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create, and that’s the real spirit of invention. A. It B. That C. What D. As 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：重要的是，我们有一种难以置信的思考和创造的欲望，这才是真正的发明精神。分析句子可知，句子为主语从句，空格处单词引导从句，从句中缺少主语，指事物，没有选择范围，故应用“what”引导从句，句首单词首字母大写。故选C项。 3. Most of us would assume that urban development and climate change are ________ pushing the animals out of their natural habitats. A. responsible for B. particular about C. beneficial to D. consistent with 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们大多数人会认为城市发展和气候变化是导致动物离开自然栖息地的原因。A. be responsible for对……负责；B.be particular about特别注意；C.be beneficial to对……有益；D. be consistent with保持一致。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语be responsible for“对……负责”，满足句意要求。 4. With these words ________ in their ears, Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day. A. fading B. ringing C. swimming D. hanging 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着这些话在他们耳边回响，盟军士兵为诺曼底登陆做准备。A. fading褪色； B. ringing回响；响彻； C. swimming游泳； D. hanging悬挂。结合空后“in their ears”，可知此处指话语在耳边回响，故选B。 5. —Look. Here’s a quiz on events of the twentieth century. —Oh, ________. I’m good at history. A. you’ve got me there B. I appreciate that C. let me give it a try D. it’s right under my nose 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——看。这里有一个关于二十世纪事件的小测验。——哦，让我试试。我擅长历史。根据下文语境“I’m good at history.”可知，擅长历史的一方想试试这个关于历史的小测验，此处为句子let me give it a try“让我试一试”，满足句意要求。故选C项。 6. Computer graphics technology has now reached the point, ________ special effects can be used to do just about anything. A. which B. whose C. where D. when 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：计算机图形技术现在已经达到了这样一个地步，特殊效果可以用来做任何事情。分析句子可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“point”，在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词“where”引导从句。故选C项。 7. Hundreds of delighted students________ to welcome him who had raised money to build a well for them near their school. A. worked out B. dropped out C. given out D. turned out 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。 句意：数百名高兴的学生出来欢迎他，他们已经筹集到了资金，为他们在学校附近建造了一口井。A. worked out锻炼；B. dropped out辍学；C. given out分发；D. turned out走出来。根据空后“to welcome him”可知，此出处指学生高兴地出来欢迎他。故选D。 8. ________25 years ago next month, the club is holding a party for past and present members. A. To be formed B. Having formed C. Formed D. Forming 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：下个月，25年前成立的俱乐部将为过去和现在的会员举行聚会。逗号前的内容在句中为状语，句子主语the club和动词form为动宾关系，所以此处用过去分词，故选C。 9. You can often impress your boss by dressing in a businesslike way ________ others dress casually. A. as long as B. even if C. before D. since 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：即使别人穿得很随意，你也可以通过穿得有条不紊来给老板留下深刻印象。A. as long as只要； B. even if 即使；C. before在……之前； D. since自从。分析句子可知，空处及之后的内容在句中为让步状语从句，意义上为“尽管，纵然”，故选B。 10. 5G commercial service’s being officially launched has opened a new digital age, ____ not only technology but also people’s work capacity and lifestyle will be upgraded. A. as B. where C. when D. which 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：5G商用服务的正式推出，开启了一个全新的数字时代，不仅技术上，人们的工作能力和生活方式也将得到提升。分析句子可知，逗号后是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是age，在定语从句中作时间状语，故应用when来引导。结合选项，故选C。 【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题中先行词为名词age，再分析先行词age在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词age带到从句中可知，作时间状语，故确定用关系副词when。 11. People who lack adequate housing are found in every country of the world and, ________, in almost every community. A. indeed B. otherwise C. however D. therefore 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：世界上每个国家，实际上几乎每个社区都有缺乏适足住房的人。A. indeed实际上； B. otherwise否则； C. however然而； D. therefore因此。结合空后的内容可知，此处表示对前文“in every country of the world”来补充，表示“实际上”。故选A。 12. ---There’s a factory outside town that’s pumping chemicals into the river. ---How can they do that? Isn’t it________ the law? A. under B. beyond C. over D. against 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：——城外有一家工厂正在向河里排放化学药品。——他们怎么能那样做呢？这不是违法的吗？A. under在……之下；B. beyond超过；C. over在……上面；D. against对抗，违反。根据句意可知，此处为介词against“违背，对抗”，agaist the law“违法”满足句意要求。故选D项。 13. —Would you mind if I borrow your underwater camera for a diving trip to Florida? —________ But please be careful with it. A. You’re kidding me. B. Sure, that’s fine. C. It’s a piece of cake. D. Actually, I care. 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——你介意我借你的水下摄影机去佛罗里达潜水吗？——行，没问题。但请小心点。A. You’re kidding me.你在开玩笑；B. Sure, that’s fine.行，没问题；C. It’s a piece of cake.小菜一碟；D. Actually, I care.事实上，我在意。结合空后的回答可以看出，回答者对请求是同意的。故选B。 14. In college, Spring Break is usually associated with the beach, parties and sleepless nights, bring about ________, free time and friends. A. examination B. investigation C. relaxation D. promotion 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在大学里，寒假通常与海滩、派对和不眠之夜联系在一起，带来放松、自由时间和朋友。A. examination考试； B. investigation调查；C. relaxation放松； D. promotion促进；提升。结合句中“Spring Break”可知，休假往往会带给人们放松，故选C。 15. —It’s nearly a quarter to eight. Beth hasn’t turned up yet. —She________ the time. Why don’t I call and see what happened? A. shouldn’t have forgotten B. might have forgotten C. needn’t have forgotten D. must have forgotten 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词+have done用法。句意：——现在快八点一刻了。贝丝还没出现。——她也许忘记了时间。我为什么不打电话看看发生了什么？根据句意可知，贝丝没有按时出现，我想打电话看看发生了什么，由此可知，贝丝也许忘记了时间，“might have done”表示“也许已经做了某事”，符合语境，“shouldn’t have done”表示“本不该做某事，而实际上做了”，“needn’t have done”表示“本不必做某事，而实际上做了”，“must have done”表示“必定做了某事（表示对过去的推测）”，均不符合语境。故选B项。 第二节：完形填空 (共20小题； 每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31~50各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中， British Cycling had recently hired Dave Brailsford as its new director. At the time, professional cyclists in Great Britain had ____16____ nearly one hundred years of mediocrity(平庸). In fact, their____17____ had been so poor that one of the top bike companies in Europe ____18____ to sell bikes to the team because they were afraid that it would hurt sales if other professionals saw the British people using their bikes. What made Brailsford different from previous coaches was his____19____ of searching for a tiny improvement in everything they do. The whole principle came from the idea that if you____20____ everything you could think of that goes into riding a bike, improve it by 1 percent and you will get a____21____ increase when you put them all together. Brailsford and his coaches began by making small____22____. They redesigned the bike seats to make them more____23____. They asked riders to wear electrically heated over-shorts to ____24____ ideal muscle temperature while riding and used biofeedback sensors to ____25____how each athlete responded to a particular workout. But they didn’t stop there.They____26____ to find 1 percent improvements in overlooked areas. They hired a(n)____27____ to teach each rider the best way to wash their hands to reduce the ____28____ of catching a cold. They even painted the ____29____ of the team truck white, which helped them ____30____little bits of dust that would normally slip by ____31____ but could affect the performance of the____32____tuned bikes. As these and hundreds of other small improvements were ____33____, the results came faster than anyone could have ____34____. Just five years after Brailsford took over, they____35____ the road and track cycling events in all the important Games. 16. A. lost B. enjoyed C. showed D. suffered 17. A. score B. track C. performance D. model 18. A. failed B. refused C. expected D. pretended 19. A. promise B. opinion C. dream D. philosophy 20. A. broke down B. took down C. put up D. gave away 21 A. flexible B. temporary C. significant D. random 22. A. differences B. adjustments C. programs D. efforts 23. A. attractive B. empty C. soft D. comfortable 24. A. maintain B. raise C. reduce D. discover 25. A. change B. monitor C. manage D. produce 26. A. continued B. happened C. learned D. bothered 27. A. coach B. secretary C. assistant D. surgeon 28. A. sessions B. chances C. records D. reactions 29. A. tyres B. roof C. inside D. seats 30. A. gather B. recognize C. spot D. send 31. A. surrounded B. unnoticed C. removed D. discovered 32. A. finely B. initially C. slightly D. positively 33. A. took off B. picked up C. built up D. got off 34. A. achieved B. remembered C. mentioned D. imagined 35. A. dominated B. witnessed C. celebrated D. attended 【答案】16. D 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. A 21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了英国的自行车赛车队雇佣了Brailsford主管。该主管以一点点进步与改善为人生信条，在各方面不断改进，使得该车队在五年时间里，在重要的赛事中有了自己的一席之地。 【16题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，英国的职业自行车手遭受了近百年的平庸。A. lost失去；B. enjoyed喜爱；C. showed展示；D. suffered遭受。通过下文“nearly one hundred years of mediocrity”以及“they were afraid that it would hurt sales if other professionals saw the Brits using their bikes”可推知，此处指英国的职业自行车手被人看不起，遭受了近百年的平庸。故选D。 【17题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他们的表现一直很差，以至于欧洲一家顶级自行车公司拒绝向车队出售自行车，因为他们担心，如果其他专业人士看到英国人在使用他们的自行车，会影响销售。A. score分数；B. track踪迹；C. performance表现；D. model模型。通过下文“had been so poor”以及“they were afraid that it would hurt sales if other professionals saw the Brits using their bikes”可推知，此处指英国的职业自行车手的表现很差。故选C。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：句意：事实上，他们的表现一直很差，以至于欧洲一家顶级自行车公司拒绝向车队出售自行车，因为他们担心，如果其他专业人士看到英国人在使用他们的自行车，会影响销售。A. failed失败；B. refused拒绝；C. expected预期；D. pretended假装。通过下文“they were afraid that it would hurt sales”可推知，此处指自行车公司拒绝向车队出售自行车，因为他们担心会影响销售。故选B。 【19题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：与之前的教练不同，Brailsford的人生观是在他们所做的每一件事上都寻求微小的改进。A. promise诺言；B. opinion观点；C. dream梦想；D. philosophy人生观。通过下文“of searching for a tiny improvement in everything they do”可推知，此处指Brailsford的人生观与之前的教练不同。故选D。 【20题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：整个原则来自于这样一个想法，如果你把你能想到的骑自行车的所有东西分解，提高1%，当你把它们放在一起时，你会得到显著的提高。A. broke down分解；B. took down取下；C. put up建造；D. gave away赠送。通过下文“when you put them all together”可推知，此处指分解各个领域并不断改进，再放在一起。故选A。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：整个原则来自于这样一个想法，如果你把你能想到的骑自行车的所有东西分解，提高1%，当你把它们放在一起时，你会得到显著的提高。A. flexible灵活的；B. temporary暂时的；C. significant显著的；D. random随意的。通过上文“if you broke down everything you could think of that goes into riding a bike, improve it by 1 percent and you will get”以及下文“increase”可推知，此处指分解各个领域并逐一提升，最后可以得到显著的提高。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Brailsford和他的教练们从一些小的调整开始。A. differences差异；B. adjustments调整；C. programs程序；D. efforts努力。通过下文“They redesigned the bike seats”以及“asked riders to wear electrically heated over-shorts”可推知，此处指Brailsford和他的教练们做了一些小的调整。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们重新设计了自行车座椅，使其更舒适。A. attractive吸引人的；B. empty空的；C. soft柔软的；D. comfortable舒适的。通过上文“redesigned the bike seats to make them more”可推知，此处指Brailsford和教练们重新设计了自行车车座，使其更舒适。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们要求骑手在骑行时穿上电热短裤以保持理想的肌肉温度，并使用生物反馈传感器监测每位运动员对特定训练的反应。A. maintain保持；B. raise提升；C. reduce减少；D. discover发现。通过上文“to wear electrically heated over-shorts”以及下文“ideal muscle temperature”可推知，此处指Brailsford和教练们要求骑手穿上电热短裤以保持理想的肌肉温度。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们要求骑手在骑行时穿上电热短裤以保持理想的肌肉温度，并使用生物反馈传感器监测每位运动员对特定训练的反应。A. change改变；B. monitor监控；C. manage管理；D. produce生产。通过上文“used biofeedback sensors”以及下文“how each athlete responded to a particular workout”可推知，此处指使用生物反馈传感器监测运动员的反应。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他们并没有就此止步，他们继续在被忽视的地方找出1%的改善。A. continued继续；B. happened发生；C. learned学习；D. bothered打扰。通过上文“But they didn’t stop there”以及下文“to find 1 percent improvements”可推知，此处指Brailsford和教练们并没有就此止步，而是继续寻找改善。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们聘请了一名外科医生来教每位骑手洗手的最佳方法，以降低患感冒的可能性。A. coach教练；B. secretary秘书；C. assistant助理；D. surgeon外科医生。通过下文“teach each rider the best way to wash their hands”以及“catching a cold”可推知，此处指Brailsford和教练们为车队请了一个医生教骑手洗手，来预防感冒。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们聘请了一名外科医生来教每位骑手洗手的最佳方法，以降低患感冒的可能性。A. sessions会议；B. chances可能性；C. records记录；D. reactions反应。通过下文“the best way to wash their hands to reduce”以及“catching a cold”可推知，教骑手洗手的最佳方法是为了降低患感冒的可能性。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们甚至把车队卡车的内部漆成白色，这有助于他们发现一些灰尘，这些通常会不被注意到的灰尘，它可能会影响到这些经过精确调校的自行车的性能。A. tyres轮胎；B. roof顶部；C. inside里面；D. seats座位。通过下文“affect the performance of the ___17___ tuned bikes”可推知，将卡车漆成白色是为了尽可能不影响到调校的自行车的性能，自行车应在卡车里面，所以被漆成白色的应该是卡车的内部。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们甚至把车队卡车的内部漆成白色，这有助于他们发现一些通常会不被注意到的灰尘，它可能会影响到这些经过精确调校的自行车的性能。A. gather聚集；B. recognize认出；C. spot发现；D. send邮寄。通过上文“helped them”以及下文“little bits of dust”可推知，此处指把卡车的内部漆成白色有助于发现一些灰尘。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们甚至把车队卡车的内部漆成白色，这有助于他们发现一些通常会不被注意到的灰尘，它可能会影响到这些经过精确调校的自行车的性能。A. surrounded被……环绕着的；B. unnoticed未被注意到的；C. removed移除的；D. discovered被发现的。通过上文“little bits of dust that would normally slip”以及下文“but could affect the performance”可推知，此处指灰尘经常不被注意到，但是它会产生影响。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们甚至把车队卡车的内部漆成白色，这有助于他们发现一些通常会不被注意到的灰尘，它可能会影响到这些经过精确调校的自行车的性能。A. finely精确地；B. initially最初地；C. slightly轻微地；D. positively肯定地。结合语境，再通过下文“tuned bikes”可推知，此处指车队的自行车经过精确地调校，所以细小的灰尘也会使其受到影响。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些和其他数以百计的小改进累积起来，效果出现的比任何人想象的都要快。A. took off脱下；B. picked up拾起；C. built up累积；D. got off下车。通过上文“As these and hundreds of other small improvement”以及下文“the results came faster”可推知，此处指许多的小的改进累积起来，见效很快。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些和其他数以百计的小改进累积起来，效果出现的比任何人想象的都要快。A. achieved达到；B. remembered记得；C. mentioned提到；D. imagined想象。通过上文“the results came faster than anyone could have”可推知，此处指许多的小的改进累积起来，效果比任何人想象的都要好，结果出现的比任何人想象的都要快。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在Brailsford接管后仅仅5年，他们就在所有重要赛事的公路和场地自行车项目中占据了主要地位。A. dominated在……中占主要地位；B. witnessed见证；C. celebrated庆祝；D. attended参加。通过上文“the results came faster than anyone could have imagined”以及下文“the road and track cycling events in all the important Games”可推知，此处指Brailsford接管车队仅仅五年，他注重细节的做法就让车队在所有重要赛事的公路和场地自行车项目中占据了主要地位。故选A。 第三部分 阅读理解(共20小题：每小题2.5分，满分50分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Gymnastics Instructor Wanted About us PCYC (Police Citizens Youth Club) Queensland is a not-for-profit organization established in 1948, aiming to build safer and healthier communities. We focus on young people’s personal and leadership development by offering state-wide programs, services and facilities through 54 branches, two leadership development centers and two activity centers. About the position PCYC Burdekin currently wants gymnastics instructors, who will assist in the development and delivery of the gymnastics programs to PCYC clients. •Casual work (approximately 20 30 hours per week) •$28.38-$31.80 per hour (depending on previous experience and qualification—junior rate may apply) •To be employed, you must be qualified to get a Working with Children Check or Blue Card and be willing to undertake a National Police Check. •Applicants with intermediate accreditation (认证) from Gymnastics Queensland will be considered with priority. What we can offer •Free onsite parking and free access to PC 24/7 gyms •Flexible work environment and working hours •Opportunity to work in an established branch with a great team Key responsibilities include •Deliver a broad range of fun group gymnastics programs for all ages, in accordance with safety and industry-approved practice requirements. •Contribute towards creative marketing and promotion of the gymnastics programs to maintain current participants and attract new participants. •Ensure our gymnastics equipment is maintained and used in a safe manner. •Instruct and assist the work of junior coaching staff. Deadline Applications close on 8 September, 2022. Interested? Click here to apply. 36. What is PCYC Queensland’s goal? A. To provide the youth with advice on personal emotions. B. To make a fortune through state-wide programs. C. To build more branches outside Queensland. D. To improve community security and health. 37. How much can a gymnastics instructor in PCYC Burdekin earn in a week? A. $100-$300. B. $330-$530. C. $560-$960. D. $990-$1390. 38. What should you do to increase your chance of being employed by PCYC Burdekin? A. Express the desire to work for National Police Agency. B. Show the intermediate gymnastics qualification. C. Present the experiences in dealing with children. D. Explain the urgent need for a full-time job. 39. If hired, a gymnastics instructor will be responsible for_________. A. seeking junior coaches to build a team B. seleoting suitable equipment for teenagers C. helping advertise the gymnastics programs D. designing new gymnastics programs independently 40. Where does this text probably come from? A. A Queensland’s local paper. B. A job-hunting mobile app. C. A popular science website. D. A notice-board in a gym. 【答案】36. D 37. C 38. B 39. C 40. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是关于招聘体操教练的一些相关信息，包括招聘机构的简介、工作岗位的介绍、工作时间、薪资、应聘要求以及工作职责等。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据About us部分的“PCYC (Police Citizens Youth Club) Queensland is a not-for-profit organization established in 1948, aiming to build safer and healthier communities.(昆士兰PCYC成立于1948年，是一个非营利性组织，旨在建立更安全、更健康的社区。)”可知，昆士兰PCYC的目标是改善社区安全和健康。故选D。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据About the position部分的“•Casual work (approximately 20 30 hours per week)•$28.38-$31.80 per hour(•临时工作（每周大约20--30小时）•每小时28.38--31.80美元)”可知，PCYC Burdekin的体操教练一周能挣的钱是$28.38*20--$31.80*30，即$567.6——$954，最接近的答案是$560-$960，故选C。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据About the position部分的“•Applicants with intermediate accreditation (认证) from Gymnastics Queensland will be considered with priority.(•获得昆士兰体操协会中级认证的申请人将优先考虑。)”可知，展示中级体操资格来增加被PCYC Burdekin雇用的机会。故选B。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据Key responsibilities include部分的“•Contribute towards creative marketing and promotion of the gymnastics programs to maintain current participants and attract new participants.(•负责体操项目的创意营销和推广，以保持现有学员并吸引新学员。)”可知，如果被聘用，将由一名体操教练负责帮助宣传体操项目，故选C。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据Deadline部分的“Applications close on 8 September, 2022. Interested? Click here to apply.(申请截止日期为2022年9月8日。感兴趣吗？点击这里申请。)”可知，这是一篇招聘广告，能点击申请，说明这是网上的，因此本文可能来自于一个求职手机应用程序。故选B。 B Forcing waiters and waitresses to survive on tips from customers rather than normal wages is a pointless, crude, and uniquely American custom which, in the past several years, a handful of progressive restaurant owners have attempted to do away with. Now one of the most famous names in the dining business is about to join their ranks. Danny Meyer, CEO of Union Square Hospitality Group, has announced that he plans to gradually stop tipping at the company’s 13 restaurants. What, exactly, is wrong with tipping? As Meyer has explained, more or less it’s everything. To start, leaving a waiter’s pay in the hands of variable customers has a feeling of classism (阶级歧视). And in theory, restaurant customers who use the power to tip are at least supposed to motivate better service. This fails in practice because humans turn out to be pretty arbitrary (任意的) about their tipping behavior. Research has shown that the amount diners leave has very little to do with their level of satisfaction. All of this doesn’t encourage waiters or waitresses to do anything better. Tipping is also very unfair to kitchen staff. Tips are usually divided between front-of-the-house workers like waiters and bartenders (调酒师), but not cooks. This creates a system in which the people serving the food in a restaurant can earn more than the people preparing it. One of the most fascinating parts of Meyer’s move is that, unlike some restaurant owners who have taken an anti-tipping stand, he won’t simply add a standard extra charge to diners’ bills. Rather, Union Square Hospitality Group plans to raise menu prices enough to fully cover the cost of a meal. If Meyer manages to move away from tipping at all without hurting his profits, it would certainly set the stage for others to follow suit. 41. According to the text, the restaurants planning to stop tipping_______. A. were very popular with customers. B. accounted for little of all restaurants. C. were against customers’ interest D. received wide support from waiters. 42. Customers hope tipping can help improve waiters’ service_______. A. and it fulfills their wishes as expected B. but things go contrary to their wishes C. and it increases the restaurants’ income D. but the amount is beyond their expectation 43. According to Danny Meyer the practice of tipping will_______. A. lead to more unemployment B. result in waiters’ competition C. increase customers’ income fast D. cause some unnecessary conflicts 44. What will customers feel after eating in Danny Meyer’s restaurants? A. The total expense is much. B. The restaurants are crowded. C. The price of food is high. D. The food there is very cheap. 45. What may be the best title for the text? A. Restaurants getting rid of tipping. B. The disadvantages of tipping. C. How to run restaurants successfully. D. Difficulties that restaurants are faced with. 【答案】41. B 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了美国餐饮行业逐渐取消小费制度的现象，特别是Union Square Hospitality Group计划在其13家餐厅逐步停止收取小费的决定。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“…in the past several years, a handful of progressive restaurant owners have attempted to do away with.(……在过去的几年里，一些进步的餐厅老板试图废除收取小费的制度。)”可知，计划停止收取小费的餐厅数量很少，在所有餐厅中占的比例很小。故选B。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“And in theory, restaurant customers who use the power to tip are at least supposed to motivate better service. This fails in practice because humans turn out to be pretty arbitrary about their tipping behavior.(理论上，利用小费权力的餐厅顾客至少应该激励更好的服务。但在实践中，这一点失败了，因为人类在给小费的行为上相当随意。)”可知，顾客希望小费能激励服务员提供更好的服务，但实际情况是，人们给小费的行为相当随意，事情并没有按照顾客的期望发展，即事情与他们的愿望相悖。故选B项。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“To start, leaving a waiter’s pay in the hands of variable customers has a feeling of classism.(首先，把服务员的薪水交给多变的顾客手中，有一种阶级歧视的感觉。)”和第三段“Tipping is also very unfair to kitchen staff. Tips are usually divided between front-of-the-house workers like waiters and bartenders (调酒师), but not cooks. This creates a system in which the people serving the food in a restaurant can earn more than the people preparing it(给小费对厨房员工来说也很不公平。小费通常在前台工作人员（如服务员和调酒师）之间分配，但不包括厨师。这就形成了一个制度，在这个制度里，餐厅里上菜的人赚得比准备食物的人还多)”可推测出，Danny Meyer认为小费制度可能导致服务员因为顾客给的小费不同而产生不满或冲突，即引起一些不必要的冲突。故选D。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Union Square Hospitality Group plans to raise menu prices enough to fully cover the cost of a meal.(Union Square Hospitality Group计划提高菜单价格，以完全覆盖一顿饭的成本。)”可知，Danny Meyer的餐厅计划提高菜单价格，因此顾客在用餐后可能会感觉食物的价格很高。故选C项。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了美国餐饮行业逐渐取消小费制度的现象，特别是Union Square Hospitality Group计划在其13家餐厅逐步停止收取小费的决定。由此可知，A项“餐厅取消小费制度”这个标题最能概括短文的主旨。故选A项。 C Microplastic pollution has been detected in human blood for the first time, with scientists finding the tiny particles(微粒) in almost 80% of the people tested. The discovery shows the particles can travel around the body and may live in organs. The impact on health is as yet unknown. But researchers are concerned as microplastics cause damage to human cells in the laboratory and air pollution particles are already known to enter the body and cause millions of early deaths a year. Huge amounts of plastic waste are left in the environment and microplastics now pollute the entire planet, from the top of Mount Everest to the deepest oceans. People were already known to consume the tiny particles via food and water as well as breathing them in, and they have been found in the faeces (排泄物) of babies and adults. The scientists analysed blood samples from 22 healthy adults and found plastic particles in 17. Half the samples contained PET plastic, which is commonly used in drinks bottles, while a third contained polystyrene, used for packaging food and other products. A quarter of the blood samples contained polyethylene, from which plastic carrier bags are made. “Our study is the first indication that we have polymer particles(聚合物颗粒) in our blood — it’s a breakthrough result,” said Prof Dick Vethaak, an expert at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam in the Netherlands. “But we have to extend the research and increase the sample sizes, the number of polymers assessed, etc.” Further studies by a number of groups are already under way, he said. “It is certainly reasonable to be concerned,” Vethaak said. “The particles are there and are transported throughout the body.” He said previous work had shown that microplastics were 10 times higher in the faeces of babies compared with adults and that babies fed with plastic bottles are taking millions of microplastic particles a day. Vethaak acknowledged that the amount and type of plastic varied considerably between the blood samples. “But this is a pioneering study,” he said, with more work now needed. He said the differences might reflect short-term exposure before the blood samples were taken, such as drinking from a plastic-lined coffee cup, or wearing a plastic face mask. “The big question is what is happening in our body?” Vethaak said. “Are the particles retained in the body? Are they transported to certain organs, such as getting past the blood-brain barrier? And are these levels sufficiently high to cause disease? We urgently need to fund further research so we can find out.” 46. What could be inferred from Paragraph 2? A. Air Pollution particles can cause death eventually. B. Microplastics can be deadly to humans. C. There is no evidence that microplastics harm human cells. D. Microplastics can travel throughout body and damage organs. 47. What can we learn about microplastics from Paragraph 4? A. They are found in most people. B. Polyethylene found in blood samples might be taken from drinks bottles. C. A quarter of the blood samples contained PET particles. D. Half of the microplastics in the blood samples were likely introduced by drinking from plastic containers. 48. According to Paragraph 5, what was Prof Dick Vethaak’s attitude towards their findings? A. Doubtful. B. Negative. C. Excited. D. Depressed. 49. The underlined part “this is a pioneering study” in Paragraph 7 probably means ________. A. we are the pioneers in the field of plastic research B. we need more blood examples and more work to do C. we are entering a whole new field of research D. this is an extremely important study 50. Which section of the newspaper may this article be found in? A. Political. B. Fashion. C. Food. D. Environment. 【答案】46. A 47. D 48. C 49. C 50. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了塑料微粒污染在人体中被发现以及所产生的影响。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“air pollution particles are already known to enter the body and cause millions of early deaths a year.(我们已经知道空气污染颗粒会进入人体，每年导致数百万人过早死亡)”可知，空气污染颗粒会导致人类死亡，故选A。 【47题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The scientists analysed blood samples from 22 healthy adults and found plastic particles in 17. Half the samples contained PET plastic, which is commonly used in drinks bottles (科学家分析了22名健康成年人的血液样本，在其中17人发现了塑料颗粒。一半的样品含有PET塑料，这种塑料通常用于饮料瓶)”可知，人体中发现的这种塑料PET颗粒，常用于塑料饮料瓶。因此血液中的塑料颗粒可能是通过塑料容器摄入的。故选D。 【48题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“Our study is the first indication that we have polymer particles(聚合物颗粒) in our blood — it’s a breakthrough result(我们的研究第一个发现在我们的血液中有聚合物粒子,这是一个突破性的结果)”可知，Prof Dick Vethaak认为这是一个突破性的研究结果。因此可以推断出他对此结果是非常兴奋的。故选C。 【49题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第六段“with more work now needed.(现在还需要做更多的工作)”可知，目前所做的研究只是一个开端，后续还需要进行进一步的探索。由此可以推断，划线句子含义是“我们刚刚进入一个新的研究领域”，故选C。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Microplastic pollution has been detected in human blood for the first time(塑料微粒污染存在于在人类血液中，这一结果第一次被发现)”可知，文章开篇论述关于塑料污染的问题，由此可知这是与环保有关的话题。故选D。 D Lack is a matter of preparation meeting opportunity," said the American talk show host Oprah Winfrey. I've never watched her show, but when a self-made billionaire gives life advice it' s probably worth listening to. Her point is that blind luck is very rare. You may have to be lucky to find a good job these days but that does not mean you should sit at home waiting for the opportunity to come to you. If you're a Chinese, you may already be familiar with the tale of a farmer waiting by a tree stump（树桩）for a rabbit to run out and break its neck. Richard Wiseman, the UK psychologist, conducted an experiment as part of his studies. First he divided volunteers into two groups: those who said they were lucky in life and those who said they were not. He gave everyone a newspaper and asked them to look through it to count how many photographs it had inside. On average, the unlucky people took about two minutes to count the photographs while the lucky people took just seconds. Why? On the second page of the newspaper, a command, "Stop counting There are 43 photographs in this newspaper," was written in big letters. The unlucky people mostly did not spot the message. It's easy to compare this situation to a young person looking for jobs in a local paper. They might search so hard for one type of position that they miss an even better opportunity. People who are "lucky", in fact, keep an open mind and don't go through the same routine every day. I first came to China in 2002 when it was considered a rather strange thing to do, Like many foreigners, my plan was to teach English for one year. Seven years later, and still here, I've had many great opportunities such as writing for newspapers and magazines. I did not dream these would have been possible. I've also never been sick, had an accident, got into a fight or had problems with the police. Coincidence? After reading about Professor Wiseman's studies I think not. As Wiseman advises I usually trust my own judgment. Your friends and parents may give you advice based on rational（理性）thinking, but it's important to consider how you feel about each choice you make. Your feeling acts as a warning for a potential problem. Finally, try to turn bad luck into good. Even if you do fall down and break a leg, the time spent at home can be used wisely to study English. 51. What do you know about Oprah Winfrey? A. She is a good organizer of a talk show in America. B. She became famous through her family background. C. She was lucky and seldom fell flat on her face. D. She became successful entirely by her own effort. 52. The writer quoted the Chinese tale of a farmer in order to show________. A. luck is in your own hand B. bad luck can turn into good C. you can't wait for an opportunity D. man can conquer nature 53. From the experiment Wiseman drew the conclusion that________. A. lucky people are quick-minded B. unlucky people are slow to read C. lucky people often have an open mind D. unlucky people are not routineers 54. The underlined word "spot" is the closest in meaning to "________”. A. recognize B. mark C. make D. receive 55. Which of the following proverbs most agrees with the writer's point? A. Make the best of a bad situation. B. Rome was not built in a day. C. All is not gold that glitters. D A good heart conquers ill fortune. 【答案】51. D 52. C 53. C 54. A 55. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇议论文。作者认为命运只垂青那些有所准备的人。身处逆境，不要怨天尤人，要想方设法化厄运为好运。每个人都可以做自己命运的主人。 【51题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I've never watched her show, but when a self-made billionaire gives life advice it' s probably worth listening to.”（我从来没有看过她的节目，但是当一个白手起家的亿万富翁给出人生建议的时候，这些建议可能是值得听的。）可知美国脱口秀主持人Oprah Winfrey 是从白手起家，通过自我奋斗而成名的。选项D与文意相符，故选D。 【52题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Her point is that blind luck is very rare. You may have to be lucky to find a good job these days but that does not mean you should sit at home waiting for the opportunity to come to you. If you're a Chinese, you may already be familiar with the tale of a farmer waiting by a tree stump（树桩）for a rabbit to run out and break its neck.”（她的观点是，盲目的运气是非常罕见的。这些天你可能很幸运能找到一份好工作，但这并不意味着你应该坐在家里等待机会来找你。如果你是中国人，你可能已经听说过这样一个故事：一个农民在树桩旁等待一只兔子跑出来，扭断它的脖子。）可知，人们不能等待机会。选项C与文意相符，故选C。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“It's easy to compare this situation to a young person looking for jobs in a local paper. They might search so hard for one type of position that they miss an even better opportunity. People who are "lucky", in fact, keep an open mind and don't go through the same routine every day.”（很容易把这种情况比作，一个在当地报纸上找工作的年轻人。他们可能会为了一种职位而努力寻找，以至于错过了一个更好的机会。事实上，那些“幸运”的人，保持开放的心态，不会每天都按照同样的程序生活。）可知，那些“幸运”的人，他们保持着开放的心态。选项C与文意一致，故选C。 【54题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段倒数第二句“On the second page of the newspaper, a command, "Stop counting There are 43 photographs in this newspaper," was written in big letters.”（在报纸的第二页，有一条用大字写的指令“别数了，这份报纸上有43张照片。”）可知，此处指那些不幸的人大部分都没有注意到这条信息，选项A符合题意，故选A。 【55题详解】 推理判断题。Make the best of a bad job意为“身处山穷水尽，力争柳暗花明”，与最后一段作者的观点“try to turn bad luck into good(把厄运变好运)”最为接近。故选A。 Ⅱ卷非选择题(共35分) 第二部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)关注天津考生公众号获取最新试卷 第一节：阅读表达(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 When I was seven years old, I saw my mother making doll clothes. She told me that they were for the poor people, so I never gave it another thought. On Christmas morning when I opened my present, there were those beautiful doll clothes. My mother just smiled and said, “They are for the poor people. We’re poor.” When I was nine, my greatest desire in life was to own a pogo stick (弹簧高跷). But my mother told me that we simply couldn’t afford one. A few days before Christmas, my parents and I went shopping. While my mother and I were paying the money, my dad came with a long box. I remember wondering at that very moment if it was a pogo stick in that box. After we arrived back at home my dad put the box in the barn. While my parents were away, I shuck out to the barn to find the box. I was so excited and I knew that as soon as I opened that magical box, my bright, shiny pogo stick would appear. No such luck! Inside the box was a silly old broom. And so Christmas morning was disappointing. After all the wrapping paper was cleaned up, my dad came back from the barn with a beautiful pogo stick. I couldn’t believe it, how they were able to get the money for it and how they tricked me with the broom. My parents probably laughed quietly when they played the trick on me and I wondered if they were watching me from the window as I went out to the barn secretly for my Christmas present. Although we didn’t have much money, my parents gave me the most important gift of all, much love. We had love and we had joy. 56. What present did the author receive on Christmas morning at the age of 7?(no more than 10 words) ________________ 57. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 2 mean? (no more than 5 words) ________________ 58. Why did the author feel disappointed when the author found a broom in the box?(no more than 15 words) ________________ 59. Why did the author’s parents put a broom in the box? (no more than 15 words) ________________ 60. What is the best present you’ve received from your parents? Please give your reasons.(no more than 20 words) ________________ 【答案】56. Beautiful doll clothes. 57. Went/Move secretly/quietly. 58. He thought his father had bought him a pogo stick./He thought there was a pogo stick in the box. 59. They wanted to play a trick on his son and bring joy to the family. 60. I think the best present I've received from my parents is a beatiful doll because I like dolls. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一次圣诞节以为会收到渴望已久的礼物———只弹簧高跷，却发现只是一把扫帚，失望至极，然后发现是父母捉弄自己，最终收到了梦寐以求的礼物的故事。 【56题详解】 考查细节理解。由第一段中的“When I was seven years old, I saw my mother making doll clothes. She told me that they were for the poor people, so I never gave it another thought. On Christmas morning when I opened my present, there were those beautiful doll clothes. (当我七岁的时候，我看到妈妈在做洋娃娃衣服。她告诉我他们是为穷人准备的，所以我再也没有想过。圣诞节的早晨，当我打开礼物时，里面有那些漂亮的洋娃娃衣服)”可知，作者7岁那年圣诞节早上收到了漂亮的洋娃娃衣服作为礼物。故答案为：Beautiful doll clothes. 【57题详解】 考查词句猜测。由第二段中的“I remember wondering at that very moment if it was a pogo stick in that box. After we arrived back at home my dad put the box in the bam. While my parents were away, I shuck out to the barn to find the box. (我记得那一刻我在想，盒子里是不是一根弹簧高跷。我们回到家后，我爸爸把盒子放在了袋子里。我父母不在的时候，我shuck出去谷仓找盒子)”和“I was so excited and I knew that as soon as I opened that magical box, my bright, shiny pogo stick would appear. (我非常兴奋，我知道只要我打开那个神奇的盒子，我那闪亮的弹簧高跷就会出现)”可知，作者急于知道盒子里的圣诞礼物是不是弹簧高跷，所以当父母不在，就悄悄地跑进爸爸放礼物的谷仓，shuck意为“偷偷溜进”，本段下文中的“I went out to the barn secretly for my Christmas present.”（我偷偷地去谷仓看圣诞礼物）也是提示，故答案为：Went/Move secretly/quietly. 【58题详解】 考查细节理解。由第二段中的“I was so excited and I knew that as soon as I opened that magical box, my bright, shiny pogo stick would appear. No such luck! Inside the box was a silly old broom. And so Christmas morning was disappointing. (我非常兴奋，我知道只要我打开那个神奇的盒子，我那闪亮的弹簧高跷就会出现。没有这样的运气！盒子里有一把愚蠢的旧扫帚。所以圣诞节的早晨令人失望)”可知，作者本以为自己爸爸给他买了一根弹簧高跷，所以收到旧扫帚（不是想象的礼物）才会感到失望。故答案为：He thought his father had bought him a pogo stick./He thought there was a pogo stick in the box. 【59题详解】 考查细节理解。由第二段中的“My parents probably laughed quietly when they played the trick on me and I wondered if they were watching me from the window as I went out to the barn secretly for my Christmas present. (当我的父母捉弄我的时候，他们可能会悄悄地笑，我不知道当我偷偷地去谷仓看圣诞礼物时，他们是否在从窗户看着我)”和最后一段中的“We had love and we had joy. (我们有爱，我们有快乐)”可知，作者的父母在盒子里放了一把扫帚，是因为他们想捉弄他的儿子，给全家带来欢乐。故答案为：They wanted to play a trick on his son and brought joy to the family. 【60题详解】 开放性答题，本题要求写一写自己从父母那里收到的最好的礼物是什么，并解释原因，选中一个礼物即可，例如收到父母送的玩具娃娃，因为你特别喜欢玩具。故答案为I think the best present I've received from my parents is a beatiful doll because I like dolls. 第二节：书面表达(满分25分) 61. 假设你是晨光中学学生李津，你校外教 Chris对中国传统文化非常感兴趣，最近市博物馆将要举办中国传统文化系列展，请你给 Chris写封邮件，邀请他一同前往参观某一分展，内容包括： 1.发出邀请； 2.展览介绍(时间；地点；主题；内容；选择这个主题的原因等)； 3.期待回复。 注意： 1.从如下主题中选择一个进行介绍: paper cutting 剪纸；Peking Opera 京剧；calligraphy书法；seal cutting篆刻； 2.词数不少于 100，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.开头结尾以给出，不计入词数。 Dear Chris Good news for you! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Jin 【答案】Dear Chris, Good news for you! Traditional Chinese Culture Exhibition is due to be held in the City Museum from 11 December to 25 December. A wide range of Chinese art forms will be presented, varying from embroidery to calligraphy. Since you’re intrigued by the Chinese paper cutting recently, I sincerely invite you to the exhibition. As you know, paper cutting is the perfect combination of designing, paining and skills. With the diverse colors and the varied shapes, it enjoys both practical value and appreciation value. In the exhibition, some famous artists and even experts will cut the paper on the spot, and with their help and guidance, you can give it a try in person to make images out of paper. Apart from that, we can also make some friends with the same interest who may help us have a deeper insight into the traditional Chinese culture. I’m sure it’ll be an unforgettable and rewarding experience. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Jin 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给学校外教Chris写邮件，邀请他参加市博物馆将要举办的中国传统文化系列展分展。 【详解】1.词汇积累 举办：hold→launch 在……范围变化：vary from→ range from 被迷住的：intrigued→fascinated 帮助：help→assistance 2.句式拓展 并列句变复合句 原句：In the exhibition, some famous artists and even experts will cut the paper on the spot, and with their help and guidance, you can give it a try in person to make images out of paper. 拓展句：In the exhibition, some famous artists and even experts will cut the paper on the spot, with whose help and guidance, you can give it a try in person to make images out of paper. 【点睛】【高分句型1】A wide range of Chinese art forms will be presented, varying from embroidery to calligraphy. （运用了现在分词作状语） 【高分句型2】Apart from that, we can also make some friends with the same interest who may help us have a deeper insight into the traditional Chinese culture.（运用了who引导的限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$