UNIT 4 SHARING 教材助读-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版2024）

(4〉take action采取 life on the earth.It may help us discover new 理其资源。记载新物种 行动 medicines,as well as new sources of food and 将提升我们对地球上 的生命的了解。这可能 〈5)log/1Dg:NAmE1b:g energy.Accessing the deep ocean may also help 还会帮助我们发现新 l.把…载人正式记 us to predict events such as earthquakes. 的药物，以及新的食物 和能源来源。深海探索 录：记录n.正式记录： ③此处Understanding more about the sea是动 还有可能会帮助我们 日志：原木 词-ing短语，作主语。 预测地震等事件。 log in/on注册：登录 ④此处Logging new species是动词-ing短语，作主语。 世界人口正在不 断增长，我们需要新的 〈6>access vt.到达；进人 The population of the world is growing and 资源来维系未来的发 we need new resources for future development. 展。海洋和冰川之下可 accessible adj.可进 There are probably vast amounts ofresources 能蕴藏着大量的资源， 入的 不仅仅是石油和天然 under the sea and ice,not just oil and gas but 气，还有珍贵的矿物。 〈7>vast amounts of大 also valuable minerals. 当然，环境风险 量的 仍然存在。但是，这 Of course,there are still environmental 些风险应该与经济需 〈8>option m.选择 risks.However,these should be balanced with 求相平衡。随着技术 optional adj.可选择的 economic needs. Hopefully,as technology 的进步，我们有望会 有更多的选择来驾驭 improves,we may have more optionss for 这一平衡。 managing this balance. UNIT 4 SHARING 教材助读7 难词注解 教材原文 课文翻译 <1>parcel/'pa:sl/n.[C] VOLUNTEERING IN THE BUSH 丛林中的志愿工作 包裹.裹好；打包 8 March 3月8日 <2>jam/d38em/n.[U, I just got a parcel from home!It C]果酱；堵塞 我刚收到一个从 traffic jams交通堵塞 took about two weeks to arrive,and it 家里寄来的包裹！大 (3>be dying to do sth was a bit damaged,but it was so nice to 约花了两周的时间包 渴望做某事 get some sweets and jam from home; 裹才到达，而且有点破 〈4>mail/mel/n.[U]邮 DI've been dying to s have some of my favourite 损，但是真高兴能收到 件；信件；邮政.邮 sweets,and it's always nice to get mail! 家里寄来的一些糖果 寄；发电邮给 ①此处是并列句。第一个分句中谓语动词是现在 <5>secondary/'sekandri/ 和果酱：我一直非常渴 完成进行时(have been doing sth);后一个分句中 adj.中学的；次要的 望吃一些我最喜欢的 t为形式主语，动词不定式短语作真正的主语。 6)cay/kc/n.[U]黏 糖果，而且收到邮包总 So I've been here in the jungle for about a 土：陶土 是令人开心不已！ 〈7>dusty[dAsti]adj.布 month now.My secondary school is a bush 到现在我已经在 满灰尘的 school.The classrooms are made of bamboo, a dusty track尘土飞扬 with clay floors and roofs of grass.2It takes 丛林里待了大约一个 的小路 me only a few minutes to walk to school down a 月了。我所在的中学 〈8>weed/wid/n.[C]杂 dusty track covered in weedss.When I reach 是一所丛林学校。教 草：野草t.8,i.除杂草 the school grounds,I'm greeted by a chorus of 室是用竹子搭建的， <9>chorus/ko:ras/n.[C] "good morning"from the boys.Unlike students 黏土夯的地面，茅草 合唱曲；合唱团.合 in our country,these boys do not wear cotton 搭的屋顶。沿着杂草 唱；齐声说 丛生、尘土飞扬的小 a chorus of齐声；异口 uniforms and many of them also have to walk 同声 a long way,sometimes for up to two hours, 路，我几分钟就能走 a chorus of praise一片 just to get to school. 到学校。我走进校园 赞扬声 ②此处是句型It takes sb some time to do sth花 时，男孩们齐声对我喊 <10)cotton uniform棉质 某人一些时间做某事：covered in weeds是过去分 “早上好”。与我们国家 校服 词短语作后置定语。 的学生不同，这些男孩 ·14 11>upto多达：高达 There's no electricity,running water or 不穿棉制校服，他们中 <12>not to mention更 even textbooks,not to mention2 laptops, 的很多人得长途跋涉， 不用说：且不说 tablets,or other modern devices!All the 有时长达两个小时才 <13>tablet/'taeblat/n.C] 平板电脑：便笺本；药片 students have are pencils,rubbers,and paper. 能到学校。 这里没有电，没 <14>rubber/raba(r)/ I'm still trying to adapt to s these conditions. 有自来水，甚至也没 n.[C橡皮：黑板擦：橡胶 I've had to become much more imaginative in my 有教科书，更不用说 〈15)adapt to适应 teaching.Science is my most challenging subject 笔记本电脑、平板电 <16>have no concept of... as my students have no concept of doing 脑或其他现代化设备 没有……的概念 experiments.3There is no equipment,and since 了！学生们只有铅 concept n.[C]观念： 笔、橡皮和纸。我还 概念 there isn't even a washroom if I need waterI 在努力适应这些条 〈l7)washroom/wofru:m. have to carry it from my house in a basin It's 件。在我的教学中， n.[C]洗手间：厕所 important not to be too rigid about rules here, 我不得不变得更有想 [同义]toilet;restroom too.4The other day 20 I was showing the boys a 象力。科学课是我最 <18>basin/beisn n.[C] chemistry experiment when,before I knew it, 具挑战性的科目，因 〈19>rigid/rd3 d/adj.死 the mixture was bubbling 2 out of the test 为我的学生没有做实 板的：固执的 [同义]stubborn'stAbon, tube spilling everywhere！⑤The class became a 验的概念。这里没有 设备，甚至连洗手间 adj.固执的 circus as the boys,who had never come across 都没有。如果需要 [反义]flexible/fleksobl/ anything like this before,started jumping out of 水，我得用盆子从我 adj.灵活的 the windows.Sometimes I wonder how relevant 的房子里端来！在这 <2o)the other day几天 chemistry is to these students-few will ever become 里，很重要的一点是 前：不久前的一天（谓语 chemists 27-and most will be going back to their 也不能太墨守成规。 动词用一般过去时) 几天前，我正在给男 〈21>bubble/.babl'i.起 villages after Year 8 anyway.To be honest 2,I 孩们演示一个化学实 泡；沸腾 doubt whether I'm making any difference to 2these 验，在我反应过来前， <22>tube tju:b n.[C] boys'lives at all. 混合物冒着泡从试管 管子：管状物 ③此处and连接两个并列分句，第二个分句中的 中涌出，洒得到处都 test tube试管 since引导原因状语从句，since在此意为“因为”； 是！班上乱成了马戏 〈23>spill spu/t.&.i.溢 if I need water为if引导的条件状语从句。 团，男孩们纷纷跳窗 出：泼出：（使）洒出：散落 ④本句的核心部分是句型：was were doing 跑走，因为他们以前从 <24>circus 'sa:kas/n.[C] 没遇到过像这样的事 马戏团 when…意为“正在做…这时…”：before引导 情。有时，我会想化学 〈25)come across偶然 时间状语从句。 对这些学生来说到底 遇见；碰上 ⑤此处为as引导的原因状语从句，as意为“因 有多大的用处一 〈26)relevant adj.有意 为”；该从句中who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰 乎没有人会成为化学 义的：有价值的 先行词the boys,who在从句中作主语。 家一而且大多数人 (27>chemist/kemist 无论如何在八年级后 .[C]化学家：药剂师： 17 April Last weekend I made my first visit to 3o a 都要回到自己的村庄 药房 说实话，我怀疑我是否 chemistry n.[U]化学 remote village,home to one of our students, 能给这些男孩们的生 <28>to be honest (=honestly Tombe.Another teacher and I walked for two and 活带来不同。 speaking)说实话 a half hours to get there-first,up a mountain 6from 4月17日 <29>make a difference where we had fantastic views,and then down 上周末，我第一次 t0对…起作用 去了一个偏远的村庄， (30>make one's visit to... a shaded 32 path to the valley below.DWhen we 我们的学生汤贝的家在 拜访… arrived at the village,Tombe's mother,Kiak, 那里。我和另一位老师 〈3l〉fantastic views极 saw us coming and started crying "ieeeieee".We 走了两个半小时才走到 美的景色 shook hands with all the villagers.Everyone 那儿。我们首先爬上了 〈32>shade/jedt.给… seemed to be related to Tombe. 座山，在山里欣赏到 遮挡（光线）：加灯罩；把 ⑥此处是from where引导的定语从句，修饰先行 了极美的景色，然后沿 涂暗n.[U]阴凉处：阴 词a mountain。 着一条阴凉的小路走到 影部分；灯罩 了下面的山谷。我们到 shade指阴凉处，强调 ⑦此处是主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句： 达村子时，汤贝的母亲 避热作用；shadow强调 主句中包含了“see sb doing sth”结构，意为“看见 齐亚克看见我们到来， 光照下形成的影子 某人正在做某事”。 就“唉咿 唉咿”地叫 15 <33>jaw/d3p:/n.[sing. Tombe's father,Mukap,a man with a 了起来。我们和所有的 下巴：颌 strong jaw ss)and a wrinkled forehead,led us 村民握手。每个人似乎 <34>wrinkle/'rinkl/ to his house,a low,round bamboo hut with 都是汤贝的亲戚。 .&.vi.(使脸上)起皱 no windows,with a door just big enough to get 汤贝的父亲穆卡 纹；皱起n.[C]皱纹 普，一位下巴结实、额头 forehead/fo:hed/n.[C] through,and 8with grass sticking out of 34 the 满是皱纹的男人，把我 额；前额 roof-this shows it is a man's house.Such 们带到他的房子前： wrinkled forehead布满 housing is dark inside so it took time for our 座低矮的圆形竹屋，没 皱纹的前额 eyes to adjust 3.Fresh grass had been laid on 有窗户，门的宽度仅够 <35)hut hAt/n.[C]简 the floor and there was a platform3 for Jenny 单人穿过，屋顶伸出 陋的房子 and me to sleep on.There was a fireplace in 簇茅草一这表明这 〈36〉stick out of…从… 中伸出：探出：突出 the centre of the hut.The only possessionsI 是一个男人的房子。这 样的房屋里面很暗，所 〈37>housing/hauzin could see were one broom 2,a few saucers4,a 以过了一会儿我们的 .[U]住房；住宅 kettle,cups,pans,and a couple of jars 眼睛才适应过来。地上 〈38>adjust vi.&.t.适应： ⑧此处是with复合结构，在句中作定语，修饰hut。 铺着新草，还有一个让 (使)习惯 ⑨此处是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰 我和珍妮睡觉的平台。 adjustment n.调整，调节 先行词possessions, 屋子中央有个火炉。我 <39>platform/plaetfo:m/ Mukap built a fire outside and laid stones on it 能看到的物品只有一 n.[C]平台；站台；舞台 把扫帚、几个碟子、一个 <40>fireplace falopleis/ to heat.He then placed the hot stones in an empty oil 水壶，还有几个杯子，平 n.[C]壁炉 drum with kau kau (sweet potato),ripe corn,and 底锅和罐子。 (41>possession greens.He then covered the vegetables with banana 穆卡普在屋外生 n.[C,usually pl.]所有 leaves and left them to steam.It smelled delicious.We 了火，然后把石头放 物：财产：财物 ate inside the hut 10 sitting round the fire.I loved 在上面加热。接着， possess vt.拥有 listening to the family talking softly to each other in 他把热石头放人一个 <42>broom/brum/n.C] 空油桶，里面有红薯 扫把：扫帚 their language,even though I could not participate much 熟玉米和青菜。然后 (43>saucer/'so:sa(r)/ in the conversation.Luckily,Tombe interpreted for us. 他用香蕉叶盖住蔬 n.[C]茶碟：杯托 ⑩现在分词短语在句中作方式状语。 菜，把它们蒸上。食 <44>kettle/'ketl/n.[C] ①此处是主从复合句。even though引导让步状 物闻起来很香。我们 (烧水用的)壶：水壶 语从句，意为“即使”；前面主句中含有“感官动词 在屋内围着火炉吃饭。 <45)pan paen/.n.[C]平 (词组)十宾语十宾补”结构。 我喜欢听这家人用他们 底锅：烤盘 〈46>jard3a:(r)/.[C] Later,I noticed a can standing upside 的语言轻声地交谈，虽然 我无法过多地参与他们 罐子：坛子 down5)on the grill over the fire.After a 的谈话。幸好汤贝为我 a couple of jars几个罐子 while,Tombe threw it out of the doorway s. 们做了解说。 (47>build a fire (make Tombe told me that the can was heated to dry 后来，我注意到 a fire)生火 out'5 the leftover food.1His family believes 炉火上方的烤架上倒 (48)ripe/rap/adj.成 that leftovers attract bad spirits in the night,so 放着一个罐子。过了 熟的：时机成熟的 一会儿，汤贝把它扔 〈49>greens n.绿叶蔬菜 any leftover food is dried up in a can and the can is then thrown out of the hut. 到了门外。他告诉我 〈50>upside down颠倒地 把罐子烤热是为了烘 〈51>grill gril n.[C]烤 ②本句是s0连接的并列句；that引导宾语从句。 干剩饭。他的家人认 架：烤肉餐馆 We left the village the next morning after 为，剩饭会在晚上引 (52>doorway/'do:wel/ many goodbyes and firm handshakes.B My 来恶鬼，所以要把所 n.[C门口：出入口：门道 muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we 有的剩饭放在罐子里 53>dry out(使)千透： dragged ourselves down the mountain towards 烘干，然后把罐子扔 (使)完全变干 home.That evening I fell happily into bed.It 到屋外去。 <54>leftover/leftauva (r) 第二天早上，许 adj.吃剩的：残留的 was such a privilege s to have spent a day with 多次道别和有力的握 〈55)dry up使干涸；使干燥 Tombe's family. 手之后，我们离开了 <56>handshake/haendferk/ B此处是and连接的两个句式相同的并列分句， 村子。当我们费力地 n.握手 第二个分句承前省略了系动词were。 走下山回家时，我的 57>drag'draeg/(dragged, ④此处包含了It is/was a privilege to do sth句 肌肉酸痛，膝盖发抖。 dragged)u.拖；拽；vt.&. 那天晚上我带着愉快 vi.缓慢而费力地移动 型，该句型意为“有幸做某事”。to have spent是 <58>privilege/'privalid3 动词不定式的完成时，表示该动作先于谓语动词 的心情入睡了。与汤 贝一家共度了一日， n.[sing.]优惠待遇；特权 表示的动作发生或完成。 真是一种荣幸。 ·16 教材助读8 难词注解 教材原文 课文翻译 〈l)lately/leitli/,adw.最 Hello!My name is Zhan Bingbing. 大家好！我的名 近；不久前；近来（同 Lately all of us have seen 字叫詹冰冰。 Chinese people on TV in far-off2 places 最近，大家都在电 recently) in the world,helping other countries to 视上看到中国人在世 (2>far-off adj.遥远的 develop.We see Chinese workers building roads 界各个遥远的地方帮 (仅用在名词前) in the Congo,a port in Pakistan,railways in 助其他国家发展。我们 看到中国工人在刚果 <3>mechanic/ma'kaenik/ Panama,and an airport in Sri Lanka.And we see 修建公路，在巴基斯坦 n.[C]机械师；机械修 Chinese miners,oil workers,agricultural 修建港口，在巴拿马修 experts,mechanics,and doctors working in 建铁路，在斯里兰卡修 理工：技工 nearly every corner of the world.And some 建机场。我们看到中国 (4)be worth it…是 people may ask,“Is it worth it?①Why help 的矿工、石油工人、农业 值得的 people overseas when China has many areas that 专家、机械师和医生几 乎在世界的每个角落 be worth doing… 值 are still in need of development?" 忙碌着。有些人可能会 得做… ①此处是复合句。when引导时间状语从句：that 问：“这值得吗？在中国 引导定语从句，修饰many areas。 (5)in need of需要… 许多地区仍然需要发 I had the same questions myself.But for me, 展的时候，为什么要帮 <6>consultant/konsAltont/ it was much more personal.You see,my mother 助外国人民呢？” n.[C]会诊医师 is a medical doctor,and for the last two years,she 我自己也有同样 consult/kon'salt/ut.& has been working as a volunteer consultant6 in 的疑问。然而，对我来 vi,咨询 Tanzania.Africa,as a part of a medical team 说，它更多与我个人有 sent by the Chinese government. 关。你看，我母亲是一 consultation konsl'terfn ②此处的has been working as…是现在完成进行 名医生，在过去的两年 n.咨询 里，她作为中国政府派 时，表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作。 遣的医疗队的一员，一 (7>to be honest说实话 To be honest?,when my mother first left 直在非洲坦桑尼亚当 〈8>except for除了… for Africa,I was upset.My mother cooked me 一位志愿顾问。 <9>input/'input/n.[C, dinner every night,and she took good care of 说实话，当我母亲第 me.But more importantly,she was my best 一次去非洲的时候，我很 U刀情况：信息：投入：输 friend.We talked together,we spent our leisure 难过。我母亲每天晚上 入儿.输入 time together,and except for school and work. 都给我做饭，无微不至地 照顾我。但更重要的是 <10>tune/tju:n/n.[C we were never apart.So I was unhappy about her 她是我最好的朋友。我 调：曲子t.调音；调节： leaving without even asking for my input. 们一起聊天，一起度过闲 调频道 3But then I began to hear about the work 暇时光，除了上学和上 she was doing in Tanzania,a country that has 班，我们从未分开过。所 sing a different tune对 many health problems,and now I am singing a 以对她甚至没征求我的 某事转变论调或者改变 different tune 10.Many dangerous diseases 4which 意见就（决定）离开，我感 看法 are rare in China are quite commonly contracted in 到很不开心。 <11>contract/kon'traekt/ Tanzania.And,5 while the country is quite 可是话又说回 来，我开始听说她在 吡.感染（疾病）：与… beautiful and has much natural wealth,many of 坦桑尼亚所做的工 the people are quite poor and live without things 订立合同 作。这个国家有很多 we take for granted,such as electricity,running 健康问题，现在我转 〈12>grant/gra:nt/t.同 water,cars and good transport systems,and 变了态度。许多在中 意；准予n.[C]拨款 supermarkets.6One project that my mother 国很罕见的危险疾病 take…for granted认 worked on was helping to build a cardiac 在坦桑尼亚仍有众多 患者。此外，尽管这 为…是理所当然；（因 hospital.Prior tos this,if a Tanzanian had a heart condition and needed surgery they 个国家风景美丽、物 习以为常)对…不予 产丰饶，但许多人仍 would have to go abroad.Since this was quite 重视 然十分贫穷：我们认 expensive,many people went without medical 为理所当然的东西， ·17· 〈l3)transport system交 treatment and some even died.Now,not only 在他们的生活中都没 通系统 are Tanzanians helped by the hospital,but 有，比如电、自来水 〈14>cardiac/ka:diaek/ people in neighbouring countries are helped as 汽车和便捷的交通系 adj,心脏病的：心脏的 well.It has made a big difference to their 统，以及超市。我母 亲参与的一个项目是 〈15)prior t0…在… lives.My mother also does a circuit 20 of the 帮助他们建造一所心 之前：先于… rural villages to provide medical treatment,help 脏专科医院。在这之 those with disabilities,and provide consultation 前，如果一个坦桑尼 16>heart condition心 and training for local doctors.In addition,her 亚人患有心脏疾病需 脏病 team has given patients a new malaria treatment 要手术的话，就不得 〈17)surgery/'s3d3ri/ 不出国。由于出国费 invented in China,and this has saved many lives. 用高昂，许多人得不 n.[U]外科手术 ③she was doing in Tanzania为省略关系词that 到治疗，甚至有人死 <18>go without缺乏： which的定语从句，修饰先行词the work:a 亡。现在，有了医院，不 没有 country that has many health problems 仅坦桑尼亚人得到了 Tanzania的同位语；that has many health problems为 帮助，而且周边国家的 〈l9>make a difference 人们也因此受益。这极 to对…起作用 that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a country. 大地改善了他们的生 <20>circuit/'sa:kit n.C ④which引导定语从句，修饰diseases。 活。我母亲还到偏远的 巡回：环形线路 ⑤while引导让步状语从句，while在此意为“虽 农村巡诊，提供医疗服 然、尽管”；主句中的we take for granted为省略 务，帮助残疾人，并为当 <21>disability disa'bilati 关系词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词things。 地医生提供咨询和培 n.[C,U]缺陷：障碍 训。此外，她的团队还 ⑥本句的主语是one project,that引导定语从句： disabled adj,残疾的 为患者提供了中国研 helping…是动词-ing短语，在此处作表语。 发的新型疟疾疗法，从 〈22>relay/ri:ler；rm'leid ⑦本句中包含了“not only.but…as well”结构。 而挽救了许多生命。 vl.转发；转播 not only置于句首时，其所在的分句通常要用部 今天，我想向你 relay to传达给…；转 分倒装语序。 们传递的信息是，我 Today,I want to relay 22 to you that I'm 为我母亲所做的工作 发给… 感到自豪，现在我对 〈23)be supportive of支持 proud of the work my mother has done,and I am 此表示支持。她的工 <24>criterion/krar'tiarian now supportive of it.Is her work worth it? 作值得吗？是的，对 n.[C]标准；准则（复数 Yes,to the lives of the people she is helping,it 得到她帮助的人的生 is worth it.But by any criteria this work is 命来说，这是值得的。 形式为criteria krartaria) worth it to us as well,because it shows that we 然而，无论以何种标 meet/satisfy criteriai 准衡量，这项工作对 are global citizens interested in world 到标准 我们来说也是值得 stability 25.and that we feel responsible for 的，因为它表明我们 (25>stability/sto'bilati/ others and are ready to build a community with a 是关心世界稳定的全 .[U门稳定（性）：稳固 shared future for mankind2.Everyone deserves 球公民，我们对他人 (性)》 a fair chance in life.9When I think of all the 负有责任，并准备好 要建设人类命运共同 stable ad.稳定的：稳 things that we as Chinese citizens can be most 体。每个人在生命中 重的 proud of,helping others comes at the top of this 都应享有公平的机 〈26)a community with list.1Now that I understand how important 会。当我在思考作为 中国公民最能引以为 a shared future for mankind my mother's work is,I've decided to become a volunteer myself to help people in other lands 做的所有事情时，帮 人类命运共同体 In the future,I pray that you will do the same. 助他人位居榜首。既 〈27)now that既然；由于 然我明白了我母亲的 Thank you! <28)land n.[熟词生 工作有多么重要，我 ⑧此处的because引导原因状语从句；两个that 已经决定自己也成为 义][C]国家：地区 都引导宾语从句。 一名志愿者，去帮助 <29>pray/prei/vi.&ut. ⑨when引导时间状语从句；that引导定语从句， 其他国家的人。我期 企盼；祈祷 修饰先行词all the things;helping others为动词-ing 盼，未来你们也会这 样做。 pray that但愿 短语作主语。 谢谢！ ⑩now that引导原因状语从句；how引导宾语从句。 ·18·