内容正文:
专题09 词形/词性转化
目录
题型综述 1
解题攻略 1
动词转换为形容词 3
动词转换为名词 4
名词的单复数......................................................................................................................5
名词转换成动词..................................................................................................................5
填名词的所有格..................................................................................................................6
形容词、副词添加词缀变反义词......................................................................................6
形容词、副词转换为比较级、最高级..............................................................................6
中考练场 10
【题型解读】
词性转化是一种常见的中考题型,它考查在具体的语境中灵活运用词汇知识和语法知识的能力。考生应掌握词形变换、习惯用法和各种时态及主谓一致, 用所给单词的正确形式填空,主要考查单词形式,主要包括词形变化名词的单复数和所有格、动词的三单形式、非谓语动词、基数词或序数词,主格代词/宾格代词和物主代词(形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词)等。其次,词性变化名词动词形容词副词之间的互相转化。了解一些基本的构词法知识会非常有帮助,积累一下初中段常见的前缀和后缀形式。这类题目难度不大,重点是掌握句意,在理解的基础上把握句子时态,从而判断所给单词的正确形式。本专题目的在于归纳一些高频考题及梳理一些解题技巧。以帮助同学们高效复习。
【命题规律】
考点
考向
考法/命题角度
名词
1. 词形变化:单复数变化、基数词序数词转换、比较级最高级转化,人称代词转化
2. 词性变化:名词动词形容词副词之间的互相转化。
(1)名词需确定其单复数形式;
动词
(2)动词需考虑时态及语态;
形容词副词
(3)形容词、副词需考虑是否用比较级与最高级
代词
(4)代词应考虑用哪种形式等。
数词
(5).基数词、序数词的拼写与互换;分数可能出现
词的多级变化
(6)词的多级变化含前缀、后缀;反义;及词性改变
附:词性转换分类汇总
1. 名词 (Noun) 转换为 动词 (Verb)
addition (名词) → add (动词)
decision (名词) → decide (动词)
improvement (名词) → improve (动词)
2. 动词 (Verb) 转换为 名词 (Noun)
inform (动词) → information (名词)
enjoy (动词) → enjoyment (名词)
help (动词) → help (名词) (注意:这里的名词和动词形式相同)
3. 形容词 (Adjective) 转换为 副词 (Adverb)
happy (形容词) → happily (副词)
careful (形容词) → carefully (副词)
quick (形容词) → quickly (副词)
4. 副词 (Adverb) 转换为 形容词 (Adjective)
quickly (副词) → quick (形容词)
easily (副词) → easy (形容词)
happily (副词) → happy (形容词)
5. 名词 (Noun) 转换为 形容词 (Adjective)
beauty (名词) → beautiful (形容词)
danger (名词) → dangerous (形容词)
use (名词) → useful (形容词)
6. 形容词 (Adjective) 转换为 名词 (Noun)
happy (形容词) → happiness (名词)
dangerous (形容词) → danger (名词)
useful (形容词) → usefulness (名词)
7. 动词 (Verb) 转换为 形容词 (Adjective)
excite (动词) → excited / exciting (形容词)
interest (动词) → interested / interesting (形容词)
bore (动词) → bored / boring (形容词)
【解题技巧】
1.解答步骤如下:
(1)首先阅读待填空词,标上词性,以方便填空时确定其语法功能;
(2)然后了解句子意思,理解所要填的空的词汇词性;
(3)前后兼顾,依据成分及词性对单词形式作适当变化。
(4)全面考虑,不忘大小写。
2.注意事项
(1)名词需确定其单复数形式;
(2)动词需考虑时态及语态;
(3)形容词、副词需考虑是否用比较级及最高级形式;
(4)代词应考虑用哪种形式等。如:1)宾格2).形容词性、名词性物主代词转换3).反身代词可能出现
(5)数词考察方向:1.基数词、序数词的拼写与互换2.分数可能出现
(6)出题量最大,也是最难把握的方向:同词根不同词类之间的相互转换。常考的相互转换词类有四种:名词、动词、形容词、副词。做这样的转换需要平时大量的积累,建立词根词缀的概念灵活变通。
名词 → 动词、形容词;动词 → 形容词;形容词 → 副词;动词、形容词→ 名词;形容词 → 动词
(7)较难题型,多次转换,反义理解。有时候词类之间需要越级变换,要仔细斟酌词类间的修饰关系,确保答案的正确性较难题目不仅会越级变换,还需要添加反义,这需要更耐心细致地解题,分析题意。
【考点诠释】
1.动词转换为形容词:
①-able结尾的形容词
accept→acceptable 可接受的
adapt→adaptable 能适应的
admire→admirable 可钦佩的
adjust→adjustable 可调节的
afford→affordable 负担的起的
②v.+ed/ing 转换为形容词
confuse→confused 感到困惑的
worry→worried 担心的
excite→exciting 令人激动的;令人兴奋的
③v.+词缀ive转化为形容词
attract→attractive 有吸引力的
impress→impressive 给人印象深刻的
instruct→instructive 有教育意义的
④v.+词缀-ful/less转换为形容词
cheer→cheerful 兴高采烈的
doubt→doubtful 怀疑的
forget→forgetful 健忘的
thank→thankful 感激的
2.动词转换为名词
①v.+-ion/-tion/-ation/-sion转换为名词,表示“状态或行为”
celebrate→celebration n.庆祝
compete→competition n.比赛
pollute→pollution n.污染
educate→ education n.教育
②v.+-ment转换为名词,表示“行为或结果”
achieve→achievement n.成就
announce→announcement n.宣布
argue→argument n.争论, 论据
develop→development n.发展
③v.+-er/-or 转换为名词, 表示“人”
perform→performer n.表演者
settle→settler n.移民者
educate→educator n.教育家
direct→director n.导演
3.名词的单复数:
若提示词是可数名词单数,分析句子成分后发现词性不需要改变,此时应考虑填名词的复数。若有以下情况考虑名词复数:
①有数词或these, those, several, many, all, both, various, numerous等词修饰时用名词复数形式。
②名词前有one of时用名词复数形式。
③若谓语动词是复数形式,则空处应填名词复数形式。
4.名词转换成形容词
提示词为名词,如果作定语修饰后面的名词,则一般考查名词变形容词。
注意名词变形容词的后缀
①n.+-able→adj. honor→honorable
②n.+-al→adj. nature→natural
③n.+-ful→adj. colour→colourful
④n.+-en→adj. wood→wooden
⑤n.+-y→adj. wealth→wealthy
5.名词转换成动词
提示词为名词,如果作谓语或非谓语,则一般考查名词变动词。熟记名词变动词的前缀/后缀
①加前缀en-: courage→encourage vt.鼓励
danger → endanger vt. 危及;使遭到危险
②加后缀-en: strength→strengthen vt.加强
③加后缀-ize: apology →apologize v.道歉
6.填名词的所有格
提示词与其后的名词是所属关系, 应考虑名词的所有格。
①单数名词和不以-s结尾的复数名词通常在词尾加-'s。
②以-s或-es结尾的复数名词,形式为-s'或-es'。
7.形容词、副词添加词缀变反义词
根据句意和前后逻辑关系, 确定句意表否定时,添加否定前缀(un-,im-,dis-等)或否定后缀(-less)变为反义词。
8.形容词、副词转换为比较级、最高级
(1)利用标志词确定比较等级
①题目中有much, far, still, even, rather, a little, a bit, a lot, a great deal, than等标志性词汇时用比较级。
②设空后有表示范围的标志词in,of,among等时用最高级。
③设空前有one of the,the+序数词等修饰词时,用最高级。
(2)利用固定句型
“the+比较级 ...the+比较级 ...”表示“越……就越……”。
(3)利用隐含信息判断
句中虽没有标志词,但暗含比较级或最高级,也需要用比较级或最高级。
【典题举隅】
1.The man in his is the person who saved that boy. (forty)
【答案】forties
【详解】句意:那个四十多岁的男人就是救那个男孩的人。表示某人几十多岁,用“in one’s+逢十的基数词的复数”,forty的复数是forties。故填forties。
2.We decided to go for a field trip with some friends of . (we)
【答案】ours
【详解】句意:我们决定和我们的一些朋友去野外郊游。 根据“some friends of”可知,“some+名词+of+名词性物主代词或名词所有格”表示双重所有格。故填ours。
3.The food was good but the was very slow. (serve)
【答案】service
【详解】句意:这家餐馆的食物很好,但是服务很慢。此空在句中作主语,serve对应的名词是service“服务”,不可数名词,故填service。
4.New cars increasingly use connected technology, and electronics are making cars and smarter. (safe)
【答案】safer
【详解】句意:新车越来越多地使用互联技术,电子产品使汽车更安全、更智能。and连接两个并列词语,空格处应用比较级。根据“New cars increasingly use connected technology, and electronics are making cars”可知是强调新车更安全,且暗含比较。故填safer。
5. , he fell down from the tree and hurt badly yesterday. (luck)
【答案】Unluckily
【详解】句意:不幸的是,他昨天从树上摔下来,伤得很重。根据“he fell down from the tree and hurt badly yesterday”可知,他从树上摔下来,伤得很重,这是不幸的,用副词unluckily“不幸地”,修饰整个句子。故填Unluckily。
6.Stella lives in a big house with an garden. (attract)
【答案】attractive
【详解】句意:斯特拉住在一所带有一个迷人花园的大房子里。根据“Stella lives in a big house with an...garden.”及所给单词attract可知,空处需要一个形容词来修饰名词garden。attract的形容词形式为attractive,表示“有吸引力的,诱人的”。故填attractive。
7.We priced models before buying this one. (variety)
【答案】various
【详解】句意:在买这台之前,我们对各种型号都进行了比价。根据“models”可知,此处应用形容词修饰名词,作定语。variety的形容词是various“各种各样的”。故填various。
8.The building was completely by fire. (destruction)
【答案】destroyed
【详解】句意:这座建筑物被大火完全摧毁了。根据“The building was completely...by fire”可知,这句话是一般过去时的被动语态,building与destroy之间是被动关系,应用was done结构。故填destroyed。
9.In “Black Myth: Wukong”, like Sun Wukong and his companions will bring us lots of adventure. (hero)
【答案】heroes
【详解】句意:在《黑神话:悟空》中,像孙悟空和他的同伴这样的英雄们将会给我们带来许多冒险经历。根据句中 “like Sun Wukong and his companions” 可知,这里说的“英雄”不止一个,是多个英雄。所给单词“hero”是可数名词,意为“英雄”,其复数形式为“heroes”。在句子中“heroes”作主语,符合句子表达“多个英雄”的语境和语法要求。故填heroes。
10.Study hard and try your best to a key school, Tom. (entrance)
【答案】enter
【详解】句意:汤姆,努力学习,尽你最大的努力进入一所重点学校。try one’s best to do sth.“尽某人最大努力做某事”,固定搭配,所以这里应用entrance的动词形式是enter“进入”。故填enter。
11.The manager refused to answer any question until his came. (law)
【答案】lawyer
【详解】句意:在他的律师到来之前,经理拒绝回答任何问题。根据“his”可知,此处应填名词,“law”意为“法律”,是名词,其表示“人”的名词形式“lawyer”意为“律师”,符合“经理拒绝回答问题直到某人到来”的语境,此处用单数形式“lawyer”。故填lawyer。
12.After the earthquake, the soldiers helped the local people to their houses. (build)
【答案】rebuild
【详解】句意:地震过后,士兵们帮助当地的人们重建他们的房屋。根据“After the earthquake”可知,此处是指在地震破坏了房屋的基础上进行重新修建,应将build改为rebuild“重建;重新修建”;空前为动词不定式的符号to,这里应用动词原形。故填rebuild。
13.To learning effectiveness, students should review regularly, take notes carefully and do extra exercises. (strong)
【答案】strengthen
【详解】句意:为了增强学习效果,学生们应该定期复习、认真做笔记并且做额外的练习。根据“To”和“learning effectiveness”可知,“To”在此处是动词不定式符号,后接动词原形;“strong”是形容词,意为“强壮的;强大的”,其动词形式“strengthen”意为“增强;加强”,To strengthen learning effectiveness “为了增强学习效果”符合语境。故填strengthen。
14.The manager explained the rules of the store to an old man . (polite)
【答案】politely
【详解】句意:经理礼貌地向一位老人解释了这家商店的规定。此处需要一个副词来修饰动词“explained”。“polite”是形容词,其副词形式是“politely”,意为“有礼貌地”。故填politely。
15.My parents want to buy a flat near my school, but the flats for are too expensive. (sell)
【答案】sale
【详解】句意:我的父母想在我的学校附近买一套公寓,但是待售的公寓太贵了。根据“but the flats for”和“are too expensive”可知,此处表达“待售的公寓”;“for sale”是固定短语,意为“待售,供出售”,“for”是介词,“sale”是sell“卖”的名词形式,故“for sale”符合语境。故填sale。
16.The whole class are sad for the result of the competition. (disappoint)
【答案】disappointing
【详解】句意:全班都为这令人失望的比赛结果感到难过。disappoint“使失望”,结合“...result”可知,这里要填一个形容词disappointing“令人失望的”,修饰物,作定语。故填disappointing。
17.With further technology, it’s to get rid of the diseases now. (possible)
【答案】possible
【详解】句意:随着技术的发展,现在有可能摆脱这些疾病。possible“有可能的”,形容词,又结合语境及“it’s…to get rid of the diseases now”可知,此处应指随着科技的发展,摆脱这些疾病是“有可能的”,且 该句考查“it’s+adj. to do sth.”,表示“做某事是……的”,应用possible“有可能的”表示其可能性。故填possible。
18.The detective found the black pearl earrings in one of the . (save)
【答案】safes
【详解】句意:侦探在其中一个保险箱中找到了黑珍珠耳环。根据“one of the”可知,此处填名词复数形式,save的名词复数形式safes“保险箱”符合句意。故填safes。
19.The day after tomorrow will be my grandma’s birthday. (90)
【答案】ninetieth
【详解】句意:后天是我祖母的九十岁生日。根据“The day after tomorrow will be my grandma’s...birthday.”可知,此处表达“第九十个生日”,应用序数词形式,ninetieth“第九十”,序数词。故填ninetieth。
20.What do you think is the greatest________(invent)of the twentieth century?
【答案】invention
【分析】
【详解】句意:你认为二十世纪最伟大的发明是什么?此处被最高级greatest修饰,作表语,可知用名词单数。invent“发明”,是动词,故答案为invention。
21.Professor Zhang will make a couple of on Chinese art during his stay in the USA.(speak)
【答案】speeches
【详解】句意:张教授在美国期间将就中国艺术发表几场演讲。根据“Professor Zhang will make a couple of...on Chinese art during his stay in the USA.”可知,a couple of意为“几个,一些”,后面接可数名词复数,speak的名词形式是speech,变为复数形式,speeches“演讲”。故填speeches。
22.A DVD-ROM can hold millions of pages of . (write)
【答案】writing
【详解】句意:一个DVD-ROM驱动器可以容纳上百万页的文字。根据“millions of pages of”可知,此处填名词,write的名词形式writing“文字”符合句意。故填writing。
23.You can have a much choice in our bookstore than in theirs. (wide)
【答案】wider
【详解】句意:你在我们书店的选择要比他们的多得多。修饰名词“choice”应用形容词wide“广泛的”,结合“than”可知,形容词wide应用比较级wider。故填wider。
24.I saw the street cleaner gather the leaves on the ground. (fall)
【答案】fallen
【详解】句意:我看见街道清洁工在收集地上的落叶。此处填形容词修饰名词leaves,fall的形容词形式fallen“落下的”符合句意。故填fallen。
25.It’s a new story full of , adventure and heroic characters.(act)
【答案】action
【详解】句意:这是一个充满动作、冒险和英雄人物的新故事。act“行动、动作”,动词;be full of sth.“充满……”,因此此处应填入一个名词形式,与其所对应的名词是action,故填action。
26.You’re always making for your failure to achieve long-term change. (excuse)
【答案】excuses
【详解】句意:你总是为自己未能实现长期改变找借口。根据“for your failure to achieve long-term change.”可知,你总是为自己未能实现长期改变找借口。make excuses“找借口”,此处用名词复数,故填excuses。
27.Huawei has become the world’s largest smartphone maker. (two)
【答案】second
【详解】句意:华为已经成为了世界上第二大的智能手机制造商。固定结构“the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词”,表示“第几最……的……”。此处应该使用基数词“two”的序数词形式“second”意为“第二”,在句中表达“第二大”之意。故填second。
28. visit to the island was a trip of a lifetime and one we thoroughly enjoyed. (us)
【答案】Our
【详解】句意:我们对这个岛的访问是一次终生难忘的旅行,我们非常享受。分析句子结构可知,visit是名词,此处需用形容词性物主代词our修饰,因其位于句首,首字母要大写,故填Our。
29.Did you hear the actor’s acceptance at the Oscars ceremony? (speak)
【答案】speech
【详解】句意:在奥斯卡颁奖典礼上你听到那位演员的获奖感言了吗?此处填名词当宾语;speech意为“演说”,名词;故填speech。
30.They killed four policemen while they were trying to a bank. (robbery)
【答案】rob
【详解】句意:他们在试图抢劫银行时打死了四名警察。固定搭配:try to do sth“试图做某事”,此空应填动词,robbery是名词,其对应的动词是rob,故填rob。
31.Many villagers were injured in the wild forest fire. (serious)
【答案】seriously
【详解】句意:许多村民在这场森林大火中受了重伤。设空处在句中修饰后面的形容词injured,所以应用副词形式,serious是形容词,与其对应的副词是seriously,故填seriously。
32.The film is quite , so many people have trouble trying to understand its meaning. (usual)
【答案】unusual
【详解】句意:这部电影很不寻常,所以很多人很难理解它的意思。根据“so many people have trouble trying to understand its meaning. ”可知,这部电影很不寻常,usual“通常的”,“不寻常的”需要加前缀“un”即unusual,故答案填unusual。
33.They have come up with some ideas to make the event fun and memorable. (create)
【答案】creative
【详解】句意:他们提出了一些创造性的想法,使活动变得有趣和令人难忘。根据“make the event fun and memorable.”可知,他们提出了一些有创造性的想法。分析句子结构可知,ideas是名词,需用形容词修饰;create是动词,与其对应的形容词是creative,故填creative。
34.The in that restaurant are very popular with the customers. (chef)
【答案】chefs
【详解】句意:那家餐厅的大厨们很受顾客欢迎。根据“are”可知,空处用名词复数形式作主语。故填chefs。
35.The tour of the Universal Studio was the highlight of visit to Hollywood. (we)
【答案】our
【详解】句意:环球影城之旅是我们的好莱坞之旅的最精彩的部分。结合语境及句意可知,空后的“visit”在此句中为名词,意为“拜访”,故此空应该填形容词性物主代词our,表示“我们的”。故填our。
36.Many countries are working together to the problem of the war between Russia and Ukraine. (solution)
【答案】solve
【详解】句意:许多国家正在共同努力解决俄乌之间的战争问题。solution“解决方法”,许多国家共同努力的目的是解决俄乌战争问题,所以动词不定式作目的状语,to后跟动词原形,solution的动词是solve。故填solve。
37.Digging ancient items from under the ground gives my uncle much . (please)
【答案】pleasure
【详解】句意:从地下挖掘古物给我叔叔带来了很多乐趣。根据“gives my uncle much...”可知,空处应填名词作宾语,please的名词形式是pleasure,不可数名词。故填pleasure。
38.It is to see the increase in natural disasters because of climate change. (frighten)
【答案】frightening
【详解】句意:由于气候变化,自然灾害的增加令人恐惧。此处是“It isadj. to do sth.”的结构,可知此处需要形容词。题干中需要is后面作表语的形容词,表示“令人害怕的”。故填frightening。
39.Everyone in the company respected the president for his . (wise)
【答案】wisdom
【详解】句意:公司里的每个人都因总裁的智慧而尊敬他。根据“for his...”可知空处应用名词,wise的名词形式为wisdom“智慧”,不可数名词,故填wisdom。
40.She looked at me in the eye. (straight)
【答案】straight
【详解】句意:她直视我的眼睛。根据“She looked at me...in the eye.”可知,此处表示她直视我的眼睛。该题考查副词。straight为副词,意为“直地,直接地”,修饰动词looked。故填straight。
41.Jackson lives on the floor, so he has a better view. (nine)
【答案】ninth
【详解】句意:杰克逊住在九楼,所以他的视野更好。此处指“九楼”,表示顺序用序数词ninth“第九”。故填ninth。
42.With the smart home AI, you can give your and it will obey them. (command)
【答案】commands
【详解】句意:有了智能家居人工智能,你可以下达命令,它就会服从它们。根据“them”可知,空处用名词复数形式commands“命令”。故填commands。
43.The first computers were built in the century. (twenty)
【答案】twentieth
【详解】句意:第一台计算机是在二十世纪制造的。表达在“多少世纪”时,要用序数词,twenty的序数词形式为twentieth。故填twentieth。
44.The Ceremony of the 33rd Olympic Games was held in Paris on July 26th 2024. (open)
【答案】Opening
【详解】句意:2024年7月26日,第33届奥运会开幕式在巴黎举行。the Opening Ceremony“开幕式”,固定用法。故填Opening。
45.The novel took an unexpected turn and had a ending. (drama)
【答案】dramatic
【详解】句意:这部小说发生了意想不到的转折,有一个戏剧性结局。空处修饰名词ending,用所给词的形容词dramatic“戏剧性的”,作定语。故填dramatic。
46.The famous actor is seen in public nowadays. (rare)
【答案】rarely
【详解】句意:这位著名演员如今很少被公开见到。rare是形容词,此处修饰动词,应用副词。故填rarely。
47.The artist used one of the brushes to add details to the painting. (good)
【答案】best
【详解】句意:这位艺术家用最好的画笔之一为这幅画增添了细节。此处是结构one of the+最高级+名词复数“最……的……之一”,good的最高级是best。故填best。
48.You must follow all the instructions to the whole process. (memory)
【答案】memorize
【详解】句意:你必须遵循所有的指示,以记住整个过程。根据“to ... the whole process”可知,此处是不定式作目的状语,空处应用动词原形memorize“记住”。故填memorize。
49.He measured the of the swimming pool to determine how many materials would be needed. (long)
【答案】length
【详解】句意:他测量了游泳池的长度,以确定需要多少材料。根据“measured the...of the swimming pool”可知是测量了游泳池的长度,用名词length“长度”。故填length。
50.You should tell your parents the truth, or they will be disappointed. (honest)
【答案】honestly
【详解】句意:你应该诚实地告诉你的父母真相,否则他们会失望的。honest诚实的,形容词,根据“tell”是动词可知,此处需填入副词修饰动词,honest的副词形式为honestly“诚实地”。故填honestly。
51.After Mum brought home a cat, there were not any more in the house.(mouse)
【答案】mice
【详解】句意:妈妈带回家一只猫后,房子里再也没有老鼠了。“any more”后接可数名词复数形式或不可数名词,“mouse”意为“老鼠”,是可数名词,其复数形式是mice,故填mice。
52.Even if you know little about art, AI you to paint beautiful pictures. (able)
【答案】enables
【详解】句意:即使你对艺术知之甚少,人工智能也能让你画出美丽的图画。able“能够的”,形容词;根据“AI...you to paint beautiful pictures.”和提示词可知,此处应用短语enable sb. to do sth.“使某人能够做某事”,表示“人工智能使人能够画出美丽的图画”;此句陈述一般事实,应用一般现在时,主语为“AI”,谓语动词用三单形式enables。故填enables。
53.Why has Peter been so quiet since his ? (arrive)
【答案】arrival
【详解】句意:彼得来了以后为什么一直这么安静?arrive“到达”,动词;形容词性物主代词his后接名词arrival“到达”,在此为不可数名词。故填arrival。
54.Traffic became much after the new shopping mall was opened. (busy)
【答案】busier
【详解】句意:新购物中心开业后,交通变得繁忙多了。系动词“became”后接形容词busy“繁忙的”作表语,much修饰比较级,busy的比较级为busier。故填busier。
55.Without , modern technology could not play its part. (electrical)
【答案】electricity
【详解】句意:没有电,现代技术就无法发挥作用。根据“modern technology could not play its part”及空前的介词“Without”可知,没有电现代技术就无法发挥作用,此处需要填一个名词作宾语,“electrical”是形容词,意为“电的,与电有关的”,其名词形式“electricity”意为“电”。故填electricity。
56.Which is the most important invention in the century? (twenty-one)
【答案】twenty-first
【详解】句意:21世纪最重要的发明是什么?根据“in the…century?”结合提示词“twenty-one”可知是指21世纪,表示具体的世纪需要用序数词,“第二十一”的序数词为“twenty-first”。故填twenty-first。
57.It was so in the morning that we all put on our heaviest coat. (freeze)
【答案】freezing
【详解】句意:早上太冷了,我们都穿上了最厚的外套。此处需要一个形容词作表语,“freeze”是动词,意为“结冰,冻结”,其形容词形式“freezing”意为“极冷的,冰冻的”,故填freezing。
58.About a month ago, the sandstorm of the year hit Beijing. (strong)
【答案】strongest
【详解】句意:大约一个月前,今年最强的沙尘暴袭击了北京。“of the year”是范围,所以形容词用最高级,strong的最高级是strongest。故填strongest。
59.Bob found that his manager sat in the row, just behind him. (nine)
【答案】ninth
【详解】句意:鲍勃发现他的经理坐在第九排,就在他后面。 分析句子可知,此处表示顺序,应使用序数词;nine“九”,基数词,其序数词是ninth,表示“第九”,in the ninth row “在第九排”。故填ninth。
60.This new evidence will prove their . (innocent)
【答案】innocence
【详解】句意:这个新证据将证明他们的清白。分析句子结构可知,应填所给形容词innocent的名词形式innocence“清白”,作宾语。故填innocence。
61.To , the new discovery was a great success. (conclusion)
【答案】conclude
【详解】句意:总而言之,这个新发现是一个巨大的成功。分析句子结构可知,应填所给名词conclusion的动词形式conclude,to conclude“总而言之”。故填conclude。
62.Jill was one of the of the case at the time. (suspect)
【答案】suspects
【详解】句意:吉尔当时是这起案件的嫌疑人之一。one of后加可数名词复数suspects“嫌疑人”。故填suspects。
63.The scientist promised to work for her home country in all her life. (faithful)
【答案】faithfully
【详解】句意:这位科学家诚心诚意地承诺,她的一生都将为祖国效力。括号里所给的词“faithful”为形容词,意为“忠诚的,忠实的”,空格处需要一个副词来修饰“promised”,故填faithfully。
64.Sorry, I swam in the river because I was quite of the warning signs. (aware)
【答案】unaware
【详解】句意:对不起,我在河里游泳了,因为我完全没有意识到警告标志。根据句首“Sorry”可知,此处意思是我“没有意识到”警告标志。unaware“未察觉到的,未意识到的”。故填unaware。
65.Emma prefers to teach her son to discover the beauty in life through activities. (live)
【答案】lively
【详解】句意:艾玛更喜欢通过生动的活动来教儿子发现生活中的美好。名词activities前需用形容词修饰,应用live的形容词性lively“生动的”,作前置定语。故填lively。
66.Tomorrow my mother will have her birthday. (forty)
【答案】fortieth
【详解】句意:明天是我妈妈四十岁生日。根据“birthday”和参考词汇可知,明天是妈妈第四十个生日。空处填序数词。forty“四十”,基数词,序数词为fortieth。故填fortieth。
67.You know Mike’s hobby is playing football, but is collecting stamps. (I)
【答案】mine
【详解】句意:你知道迈克的爱好是踢足球,但我的爱好是集邮。根据“is collecting stamps”可知此处指“我的爱好”是集邮,空后无名词,此处用名词性物主代词mine“我的”。故填mine。
68.All your suggestions will be discussed before we come to a decision. (careful)
【答案】carefully
【详解】句意:在我们做出决定之前,会仔细讨论你所有的建议。discussed为动词,需副词修饰,careful“认真的”的副词是carefully。故填carefully。
69.I’m sorry, I can’t tell you the . It’s a secret. (true)
【答案】truth
【详解】句意:对不起,我不能告诉你真相。这是个秘密。此处缺少宾语,用名词truth“真相”,不可数名词。故填truth。
70.After the traffic accident, the were taken to hospital at once. (injure)
【答案】injured
【详解】句意:交通事故发生后,伤者立即被送往医院。根据“were taken to hospital at once”可知,此处指伤者立即被送往医院,可用结构“the+形容词”表示一类人,injured“受伤的”。故填injured。
71.The Chinese student’s made a strong impression on the audience. (speak)
【答案】speech
【详解】句意:那个中国学生的演讲给观众留下了深刻的印象。所有格student’s后接名词,表示“学生的演讲”,speech“演讲”。故填speech。
72.It was for such old people to dance Swan Lake in China Got Talent. (usual)
【答案】unusual
【详解】句意:在《中国达人秀》中,这样的老人跳《天鹅湖》是不寻常的。根据“for such old people to dance Swan Lake”可知这样的老人跳《天鹅湖》是不寻常的,unusual“不寻常的”,形容词作表语。故填unusual。
73.There are few to the heavy air pollution in developing countries. (solve)
【答案】solutions
【详解】句意:发展中国家严重的空气污染问题几乎没有解决方案。分析句子结构可知,此处应用名词作主语,solution“解决办法”符合,few“几乎没有”,后接名词的复数形式。故填solutions。
第一套
(2023·上海中考真题)
44. Michael has a habit of exercising for about30 _________ every day. (minute)
45. There were various activities at the _________ China Folk Craft Fair. (eight)
46.I designed the dress and made it all by_______ as well (me)
47. It was snowing_______ yet the couple still went to the concert.(heavy)
48. Tom called me to________ for losing his temper yesterday.(apology)
49.I'm looking for articles which are________ for my study on birds. (help)
50.Flying kites with friends gives Tina a feeling of great_________(happy)
51. The famous painter showed her _______talent for art at an early age.(usual)
44. minutes
解析:根据句意 “迈克尔有每天锻炼几分钟的习惯”,此处表示 “分钟”,应用 minutes。
45. eighth
解析:根据句意 “在中国民间工艺品博览会上有各种各样的活动”,此处表示 “第八”,应用 eighth。
46.myself
解析:根据句意 “我设计了这条裙子并且自己制作了它”,此处表示 “我自己”,应用 myself。
47.heavily
解析:根据句意 “正在下雪,然而这对夫妇仍然想出去散步”,此处表示 “沉重地”,应用 heavily。
48.apologize
解析:根据句意 “汤姆打电话给我为昨天发脾气而道歉”,此处应用动词形式 apologize。
49.helpful
解析:根据句意 “我正在寻找对我研究鸟类有帮助的资料”,此处表示 “有帮助的”,应用 helpful。
50.happiness
解析:根据句意 “和朋友一起放风筝给蒂娜一种极大的快乐感觉”,此处应用名词形式 happiness。
51.unusual
解析:根据句意 “这位著名的画家在很小的时候就展示出了她不同寻常的艺术天赋”,此处表示 “不同寻常的”,应用 unusual。
第二套
(2022·上海中考真题)
Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子,每空格限填一词)(本大题共8题,每题1分,共8分)
40. There are many different _________ in that small garden. (plant)
【答案】plants
【解析】
【详解】句意:那个小花园里有许多不同的植物。plant“植物”,名词;many修饰可数名词的复数,故用其复数形式。故填plants。
41. Lily is reading the _________ story in the book about Chinese history. (six)
【答案】sixth
【解析】
【详解】句意:莉莉正在读关于中国历史的书中的第六个故事。six是基数词,结合“the...story”可知此处应用序数词表示顺序,故填sixth。
42. He learned how to make zongzi by _________ on the Dragon Boat Festival. (he)
【答案】himself
【解析】
【详解】句意:他在端午节自学包粽子。by oneself“独自”,主语是He,反身代词用himself,故填himself。
43. These tips are _________ to improve your social skills. Why not take them? (use)
【答案】used
【解析】
【详解】句意:这些建议是用来提高你的社交技能的。为什么不采用呢?固定短语be used to do sth“被用来做某事”。故填used。
44. More citizens agree to be green travelers so as to reduce air _________. (pollute)
【答案】pollution
【解析】
【详解】句意:更多的市民同意成为绿色旅行者,以减少空气污染。根据“reduce air”可知,此处是减少空气污染。pollution“污染”,不可数名词。故填pollution。
45. The journalist hoped to _________ the brave act of the fireman. (reporter)
【答案】report
【解析】
【详解】句意:新闻记者希望报道消防员的勇敢行为。reporter“记者”,名词。hope to do sth.“希望做某事”,故空格处用动词原形report“报道”。故填report。
46. With the help of his workmates, he was able to operate the machine _________. (correct)
【答案】correctly
【解析】
【详解】句意:在同事的帮助下,他能够正确地操作机器。correct“正确的”,形容词;此处用其副词形式correctly,修饰动词operate。故填correctly。
47. If you are _________ to get lost, calm down and look for possible help. (lucky)
【答案】unlucky
【解析】
【详解】句意:如果你不幸迷路,冷静下来,寻求可能的帮助。lucky“幸运的”,是形容词,根据“get lost”可知是指不幸的,unlucky符合语境,故填unlucky。
第三套
(2021·上海中考真题)
IV.Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一词)
24.I live near my school. It takes me only ten ________ to walk there. (minute)
【答案】minutes
【详解】
句意:我住在学校附近。步行去那里只需要十分钟。minute分钟,是名词,有数词ten修饰,用复数名词,故填minutes。25.Lily and Mary have known each other for ________ years. (seventh)
【答案】seven
【详解】
句意:莉莉和玛丽互相认识七年了。seventh第七,是序数词,修饰复数名词years,用基数词,故填seven。
26.The Bund attracts many people with ________ beautiful night view. (it)
【答案】its
【详解】
句意:外滩以其美丽的夜景吸引了许多人。it它,是主格形式,修饰名词短语beautiful night view可知,此处用形容词性物主代词,故填its。
27.The organization has set strict rules on the release of ________ chemicals. (harm)
【答案】harmful
【详解】
句意:该组织对有害化学物质的排放制定了严格的规定。harm伤害,是名词,修饰名词chemicals,用形容词,故填harmful。
28.Without the glasses, he can’t see the words on the blackboard ________. (clear)
【答案】clearly
【详解】
句意:没有眼镜,他看不清黑板上的字。空处修饰句中的动词see,应用副词,clear形容词,副词是clearly。故填clearly。
29.Tony has made up his mind to be a soldier to ________ the country after graduation. (service)
【答案】service
【详解】
句意:托尼决心毕业后当兵报国。service服务,动词;空前有to,动词不定式作目的状语,所以此处用动词原形。故填service。
30.Shanghai Museum has a large ________ of works of art from home and abroad. (collect)
【答案】collection
【详解】
句意:上海博物馆收藏了大量的国内外艺术品。collect“收集”,动词;根据“a large...of”可知,空处应填入一个名词,collection“收藏品”,名词。故填collection。
31.Some rainforests are likely to ________ if we don’t take action to protect them. (appear)
【答案】disappear
【详解】
句意:如果我们不采取行动保护一些雨林,它们可能会消失。appear出现,动词;根据“if we don’t take action to protect them”可知,此处表示雨林可能会消失,disappear“消失”,动词;be likely to do sth.表示“可能会做某事”,此处应用动词原形。故填disappear。
第四套
(2020·上海中考真题)
IV.Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一词)
54.Nowadays,many_____have been used to work in dangerous situations.(robot)
55.Uncle Andy tried_____different jobs,and finally chose to be a lawyer.(tenth)
56.The boy started to live in school and learn to manage time by_____.(he)
57.Lily asked her son to close the door_____in order not to disturb others.(soft)
58.On_____days,leaves fall on the ground and the road looks beautiful.(wind)
59.If you_____red and yellow,what colour will you get?(mixture)
60.Thanks to the_____of the smart phone,it's convenient to take photos anytime.(invent)
61.Sitting in front of the screen for too long is_____.It's bad for your eyes.(healthy)
54.
【答案】robots
【解析】句意:现在,许多机器人已经被用来在危险的情况下工作。many“许多”修饰可数名词robot的复数robots“机器人”。故填robots。
55.
【答案】ten
【解析】句意:安迪叔叔尝试了十种不同的工作,最后选择了当律师。
tenth第十,序数词。这里表示"十种不同的工作",用基数词ten。故答案为ten。
56.
【答案】himself
【解析】句意:这个男孩开始住校,学会自己管理时间。by oneself“独自,单独”,固定搭配;又根据主语the boy可知,用主格he的反身代词himself“他自己”,故填himself。
57.
【答案】softly
【解析】句意:莉莉叫儿子轻轻把门关上,以免打扰别人。副词修饰动词,空格在动宾短语close the door后面,故填soft的副词形式softly。
58.
【答案】windy
【解析】句意:在刮风天,树叶落在地上,路看起来很美。
wind风,名词;这里修饰名词days天,用形容词windy刮风的;故填windy。
59.
【答案】mix
【解析】句意:如果你把红色和黄色混合,你会得到什么颜色?
mixture混合物,名词;句子缺少谓语动词,if引导的条件状语从句,主句是一般将来时态,从句用一般现在时态;从句主语you,第二人称,一般现在时态,谓语动词用原形mix混合;故填mix。
60.
【答案】invention
【解析】句意:由于智能手机的发明,任何时候拍照都很方便。
invent发明,动词;这里是the+名词+of的结构,the invention of...……的发明,故填invention。
61.
【答案】unhealthy
【解析】句意:长时间坐在屏幕前不利于健康。这对你的眼睛不好。空处需用形容词作表语,根据It's bad for your eyes.可知,空处需用healthy对应的形容词unhealthy"不健康的",此处表示长时间坐在屏幕前不利于健康。故答案为unhealthy。
第五套
(2019·上海中考真题)
IV.Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一词)
29. Mr.Smith bought three______of local snacks for the exchange students.(box)
30. On the______page of the book,there is an encouraging story.(eight)
31. Don't easily follow a fashion.Being______is the best rule.(you)
32. Online libraries are______used for learning in the information age.(wide)
33. Finally,Jack achieved his goal and became the______of a company.(own)
34. The main purpose of the charity project is to offer help to______people.(home)
35. When Andy was______about his lost smart phone,his friend gave him a big hug.(happy)
36. Hard work pays off.I believe you will______your dream school.(entrance)
29.
【答案】boxes
【解析】句意:史密斯先生为交换生买了三盒当地小吃。这里是说三盒。
Three+名词复数。box的复数是boxes。根据句意,故填boxes。
30.
【答案】eighth
【解析】句意:在这本书的第八页,有一个令人鼓舞的故事。
这里表示第几页用序数词,eight的序数词是eighth。根据题意,故填eighth。
31.
【答案】yourself
【解析】句意:不要轻易跟随潮流。做你自己是最好的准则。
这里是说做你自己,用反身代词,you的反身代词是yourself,意思是“你自己”,根据句意,故填yourself。
32.
【答案】widely
【解析】句意:网络图书馆在信息时代被广泛用于学习。
这里是副词修饰动词,wide的副词是widely,意思是“宽广地”,根据句意,故填widely。
33.
【答案】owner
【解析】句意:最后,杰克实现了他的目标,成为了一家公司的老板。
The owner of a company表示一个公司的老板。根据句意,故填owner。
34.
【答案】homeless
【解析】句意:慈善项目的主要目的是帮助无家可归的人。
这里是说无家可归的人。homeless people表示无家可归的人。根据句意,故填homeless。
35.
【答案】unhappy
【解析】句意:当安迪由于丢失智能手机不高兴时,他的朋友给了他一个大大的拥抱。
根据下文about his lost smart phone可知上文是说不开心的。unhappy的意思是“不开心的”,根据句意,故填unhappy。
36.
【答案】enter
【解析】句意:努力工作是有回报的。我相信你会进入你梦想中的学校。
Will+动词原形,entrance名词,这里用动词,enter意思是“进入”,根据句意,故填enter。
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专题09 词形/词性转化
目录
题型综述 1
解题攻略 1
动词转换为形容词 3
动词转换为名词 4
名词的单复数......................................................................................................................5
名词转换成动词..................................................................................................................5
填名词的所有格..................................................................................................................6
形容词、副词添加词缀变反义词......................................................................................6
形容词、副词转换为比较级、最高级..............................................................................6
中考练场 10
【题型解读】
词性转化是一种常见的中考题型,它考查在具体的语境中灵活运用词汇知识和语法知识的能力。考生应掌握词形变换、习惯用法和各种时态及主谓一致, 用所给单词的正确形式填空,主要考查单词形式,主要包括词形变化名词的单复数和所有格、动词的三单形式、非谓语动词、基数词或序数词,主格代词/宾格代词和物主代词(形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词)等。其次,词性变化名词动词形容词副词之间的互相转化。了解一些基本的构词法知识会非常有帮助,积累一下初中段常见的前缀和后缀形式。这类题目难度不大,重点是掌握句意,在理解的基础上把握句子时态,从而判断所给单词的正确形式。本专题目的在于归纳一些高频考题及梳理一些解题技巧。以帮助同学们高效复习。
【命题规律】
考点
考向
考法/命题角度
名词
1. 词形变化:单复数变化、基数词序数词转换、比较级最高级转化,人称代词转化
2. 词性变化:名词动词形容词副词之间的互相转化。
(1)名词需确定其单复数形式;
动词
(2)动词需考虑时态及语态;
形容词副词
(3)形容词、副词需考虑是否用比较级与最高级
代词
(4)代词应考虑用哪种形式等。
数词
(5).基数词、序数词的拼写与互换;分数可能出现
词的多级变化
(6)词的多级变化含前缀、后缀;反义;及词性改变
附:词性转换分类汇总
1. 名词 (Noun) 转换为 动词 (Verb)
addition (名词) → add (动词)
decision (名词) → decide (动词)
improvement (名词) → improve (动词)
2. 动词 (Verb) 转换为 名词 (Noun)
inform (动词) → information (名词)
enjoy (动词) → enjoyment (名词)
help (动词) → help (名词) (注意:这里的名词和动词形式相同)
3. 形容词 (Adjective) 转换为 副词 (Adverb)
happy (形容词) → happily (副词)
careful (形容词) → carefully (副词)
quick (形容词) → quickly (副词)
4. 副词 (Adverb) 转换为 形容词 (Adjective)
quickly (副词) → quick (形容词)
easily (副词) → easy (形容词)
happily (副词) → happy (形容词)
5. 名词 (Noun) 转换为 形容词 (Adjective)
beauty (名词) → beautiful (形容词)
danger (名词) → dangerous (形容词)
use (名词) → useful (形容词)
6. 形容词 (Adjective) 转换为 名词 (Noun)
happy (形容词) → happiness (名词)
dangerous (形容词) → danger (名词)
useful (形容词) → usefulness (名词)
7. 动词 (Verb) 转换为 形容词 (Adjective)
excite (动词) → excited / exciting (形容词)
interest (动词) → interested / interesting (形容词)
bore (动词) → bored / boring (形容词)
【解题技巧】
1.解答步骤如下:
(1)首先阅读待填空词,标上词性,以方便填空时确定其语法功能;
(2)然后了解句子意思,理解所要填的空的词汇词性;
(3)前后兼顾,依据成分及词性对单词形式作适当变化。
(4)全面考虑,不忘大小写。
2.注意事项
(1)名词需确定其单复数形式;
(2)动词需考虑时态及语态;
(3)形容词、副词需考虑是否用比较级及最高级形式;
(4)代词应考虑用哪种形式等。如:1)宾格2).形容词性、名词性物主代词转换3).反身代词可能出现
(5)数词考察方向:1.基数词、序数词的拼写与互换2.分数可能出现
(6)出题量最大,也是最难把握的方向:同词根不同词类之间的相互转换。常考的相互转换词类有四种:名词、动词、形容词、副词。做这样的转换需要平时大量的积累,建立词根词缀的概念灵活变通。
名词 → 动词、形容词;动词 → 形容词;形容词 → 副词;动词、形容词→ 名词;形容词 → 动词
(7)较难题型,多次转换,反义理解。有时候词类之间需要越级变换,要仔细斟酌词类间的修饰关系,确保答案的正确性较难题目不仅会越级变换,还需要添加反义,这需要更耐心细致地解题,分析题意。
【考点诠释】
1.动词转换为形容词:
①-able结尾的形容词
accept→acceptable 可接受的
adapt→adaptable 能适应的
admire→admirable 可钦佩的
adjust→adjustable 可调节的
afford→affordable 负担的起的
②v.+ed/ing 转换为形容词
confuse→confused 感到困惑的
worry→worried 担心的
excite→exciting 令人激动的;令人兴奋的
③v.+词缀ive转化为形容词
attract→attractive 有吸引力的
impress→impressive 给人印象深刻的
instruct→instructive 有教育意义的
④v.+词缀-ful/less转换为形容词
cheer→cheerful 兴高采烈的
doubt→doubtful 怀疑的
forget→forgetful 健忘的
thank→thankful 感激的
2.动词转换为名词
①v.+-ion/-tion/-ation/-sion转换为名词,表示“状态或行为”
celebrate→celebration n.庆祝
compete→competition n.比赛
pollute→pollution n.污染
educate→ education n.教育
②v.+-ment转换为名词,表示“行为或结果”
achieve→achievement n.成就
announce→announcement n.宣布
argue→argument n.争论, 论据
develop→development n.发展
③v.+-er/-or 转换为名词, 表示“人”
perform→performer n.表演者
settle→settler n.移民者
educate→educator n.教育家
direct→director n.导演
3.名词的单复数:
若提示词是可数名词单数,分析句子成分后发现词性不需要改变,此时应考虑填名词的复数。若有以下情况考虑名词复数:
①有数词或these, those, several, many, all, both, various, numerous等词修饰时用名词复数形式。
②名词前有one of时用名词复数形式。
③若谓语动词是复数形式,则空处应填名词复数形式。
4.名词转换成形容词
提示词为名词,如果作定语修饰后面的名词,则一般考查名词变形容词。
注意名词变形容词的后缀
①n.+-able→adj. honor→honorable
②n.+-al→adj. nature→natural
③n.+-ful→adj. colour→colourful
④n.+-en→adj. wood→wooden
⑤n.+-y→adj. wealth→wealthy
5.名词转换成动词
提示词为名词,如果作谓语或非谓语,则一般考查名词变动词。熟记名词变动词的前缀/后缀
①加前缀en-: courage→encourage vt.鼓励
danger → endanger vt. 危及;使遭到危险
②加后缀-en: strength→strengthen vt.加强
③加后缀-ize: apology →apologize v.道歉
6.填名词的所有格
提示词与其后的名词是所属关系, 应考虑名词的所有格。
①单数名词和不以-s结尾的复数名词通常在词尾加-'s。
②以-s或-es结尾的复数名词,形式为-s'或-es'。
7.形容词、副词添加词缀变反义词
根据句意和前后逻辑关系, 确定句意表否定时,添加否定前缀(un-,im-,dis-等)或否定后缀(-less)变为反义词。
8.形容词、副词转换为比较级、最高级
(1)利用标志词确定比较等级
①题目中有much, far, still, even, rather, a little, a bit, a lot, a great deal, than等标志性词汇时用比较级。
②设空后有表示范围的标志词in,of,among等时用最高级。
③设空前有one of the,the+序数词等修饰词时,用最高级。
(2)利用固定句型
“the+比较级 ...the+比较级 ...”表示“越……就越……”。
(3)利用隐含信息判断
句中虽没有标志词,但暗含比较级或最高级,也需要用比较级或最高级。
【典题举隅】
1.The man in his is the person who saved that boy. (forty)
2.We decided to go for a field trip with some friends of . (we)
3.The food was good but the was very slow. (serve)
4.New cars increasingly use connected technology, and electronics are making cars and smarter. (safe)
5. , he fell down from the tree and hurt badly yesterday. (luck)
6.Stella lives in a big house with an garden. (attract)
7.We priced models before buying this one. (variety)
8.The building was completely by fire. (destruction)
9.In “Black Myth: Wukong”, like Sun Wukong and his companions will bring us lots of adventure. (hero)
10.Study hard and try your best to a key school, Tom. (entrance)
11.The manager refused to answer any question until his came. (law)
12.After the earthquake, the soldiers helped the local people to their houses. (build)
13.To learning effectiveness, students should review regularly, take notes carefully and do extra exercises. (strong)
14.The manager explained the rules of the store to an old man . (polite)
15.My parents want to buy a flat near my school, but the flats for are too expensive. (sell)
16.The whole class are sad for the result of the competition. (disappoint)
17.With further technology, it’s to get rid of the diseases now. (possible)
18.The detective found the black pearl earrings in one of the . (save)
19.The day after tomorrow will be my grandma’s birthday. (90)
20.What do you think is the greatest________(invent)of the twentieth century?
21.Professor Zhang will make a couple of on Chinese art during his stay in the USA.(speak)
22.A DVD-ROM can hold millions of pages of . (write)
23.You can have a much choice in our bookstore than in theirs. (wide)
24.I saw the street cleaner gather the leaves on the ground. (fall)
25.It’s a new story full of , adventure and heroic characters.(act)
26.You’re always making for your failure to achieve long-term change. (excuse)
27.Huawei has become the world’s largest smartphone maker. (two)
28. visit to the island was a trip of a lifetime and one we thoroughly enjoyed. (us)
29.Did you hear the actor’s acceptance at the Oscars ceremony? (speak)
30.They killed four policemen while they were trying to a bank. (robbery)
31.Many villagers were injured in the wild forest fire. (serious)
32.The film is quite , so many people have trouble trying to understand its meaning. (usual)
33.They have come up with some ideas to make the event fun and memorable. (create)
34.The in that restaurant are very popular with the customers. (chef)
35.The tour of the Universal Studio was the highlight of visit to Hollywood. (we)
36.Many countries are working together to the problem of the war between Russia and Ukraine. (solution)
37.Digging ancient items from under the ground gives my uncle much . (please)
38.It is to see the increase in natural disasters because of climate change. (frighten)
39.Everyone in the company respected the president for his . (wise)
40.She looked at me in the eye. (straight)
41.Jackson lives on the floor, so he has a better view. (nine)
42.With the smart home AI, you can give your and it will obey them. (command)
43.The first computers were built in the century. (twenty)
44.The Ceremony of the 33rd Olympic Games was held in Paris on July 26th 2024. (open)
45.The novel took an unexpected turn and had a ending. (drama)
46.The famous actor is seen in public nowadays. (rare)
47.The artist used one of the brushes to add details to the painting. (good)
48.You must follow all the instructions to the whole process. (memory)
49.He measured the of the swimming pool to determine how many materials would be needed. (long)
50.You should tell your parents the truth, or they will be disappointed. (honest)
51.After Mum brought home a cat, there were not any more in the house.(mouse)
52.Even if you know little about art, AI you to paint beautiful pictures. (able)
53.Why has Peter been so quiet since his ? (arrive)
54.Traffic became much after the new shopping mall was opened. (busy)
55.Without , modern technology could not play its part. (electrical)
56.Which is the most important invention in the century? (twenty-one)
57.It was so in the morning that we all put on our heaviest coat. (freeze)
58.About a month ago, the sandstorm of the year hit Beijing. (strong)
59.Bob found that his manager sat in the row, just behind him. (nine)
60.This new evidence will prove their . (innocent)
61.To , the new discovery was a great success. (conclusion)
62.Jill was one of the of the case at the time. (suspect)
63.The scientist promised to work for her home country in all her life. (faithful)
64.Sorry, I swam in the river because I was quite of the warning signs. (aware)
65.Emma prefers to teach her son to discover the beauty in life through activities. (live)
66.Tomorrow my mother will have her birthday. (forty)
67.You know Mike’s hobby is playing football, but is collecting stamps. (I)
68.All your suggestions will be discussed before we come to a decision. (careful)
69.I’m sorry, I can’t tell you the . It’s a secret. (true)
70.After the traffic accident, the were taken to hospital at once. (injure)
71.The Chinese student’s made a strong impression on the audience. (speak)
72.It was for such old people to dance Swan Lake in China Got Talent. (usual)
73.There are few to the heavy air pollution in developing countries. (solve)
第一套
(2023·上海中考真题)
44. Michael has a habit of exercising for about30 _________ every day. (minute)
45. There were various activities at the _________ China Folk Craft Fair. (eight)
46.I designed the dress and made it all by_______ as well (me)
47. It was snowing_______ yet the couple still went to the concert.(heavy)
48. Tom called me to________ for losing his temper yesterday.(apology)
49.I'm looking for articles which are________ for my study on birds. (help)
50.Flying kites with friends gives Tina a feeling of great_________(happy)
51. The famous painter showed her _______talent for art at an early age.(usual)
第二套
(2022·上海中考真题)
Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子,每空格限填一词)(本大题共8题,每题1分,共8分)
40. There are many different _________ in that small garden. (plant)
41. Lily is reading the _________ story in the book about Chinese history. (six)
42. He learned how to make zongzi by _________ on the Dragon Boat Festival. (he)
43. These tips are _________ to improve your social skills. Why not take them? (use)
44. More citizens agree to be green travelers so as to reduce air _________. (pollute)
45. The journalist hoped to _________ the brave act of the fireman. (reporter)
46. With the help of his workmates, he was able to operate the machine _________. (correct)
47. If you are _________ to get lost, calm down and look for possible help. (lucky)
第三套
(2021·上海中考真题)
IV.Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一词)
24.I live near my school. It takes me only ten ________ to walk there. (minute)
25.Lily and Mary have known each other for ________ years. (seventh)
26.The Bund attracts many people with ________ beautiful night view. (it)
27.The organization has set strict rules on the release of ________ chemicals. (harm)
28.Without the glasses, he can’t see the words on the blackboard ________. (clear)
29.Tony has made up his mind to be a soldier to ________ the country after graduation. (service)
30.Shanghai Museum has a large ________ of works of art from home and abroad. (collect)
31.Some rainforests are likely to ________ if we don’t take action to protect them. (appear)
第四套
(2020·上海中考真题)
IV.Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一词)
54.Nowadays,many_____have been used to work in dangerous situations.(robot)
55.Uncle Andy tried_____different jobs,and finally chose to be a lawyer.(tenth)
56.The boy started to live in school and learn to manage time by_____.(he)
57.Lily asked her son to close the door_____in order not to disturb others.(soft)
58.On_____days,leaves fall on the ground and the road looks beautiful.(wind)
59.If you_____red and yellow,what colour will you get?(mixture)
60.Thanks to the_____of the smart phone,it's convenient to take photos anytime.(invent)
61.Sitting in front of the screen for too long is_____.It's bad for your eyes.(healthy)
第五套
(2019·上海中考真题)
IV.Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一词)
29. Mr.Smith bought three______of local snacks for the exchange students.(box)
30. On the______page of the book,there is an encouraging story.(eight)
31. Don't easily follow a fashion.Being______is the best rule.(you)
32. Online libraries are______used for learning in the information age.(wide)
33. Finally,Jack achieved his goal and became the______of a company.(own)
34. The main purpose of the charity project is to offer help to______people.(home)
35. When Andy was______about his lost smart phone,his friend gave him a big hug.(happy)
36. Hard work pays off.I believe you will______your dream school.(entrance)
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