Unit 4 History and Traditions 词汇导学案-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第二册

必修二Unit4 基础知识梳理学案 1.__________vi. 应在(某处)；适应→__________ n. 归属→________ n. 所有物；财产 2．_________n. 谜；智力游戏；疑问　vt. 迷惑；使困惑→_________adj. 困惑的；迷惑的→______ adj. 令人困惑的 3．_______vt. 围绕；包围→_________adj. 周围的→________ n. 周围的事物；环境 4．______adj. 热切的；渴望的→_________adv. 急切地；热心地→________n. 热切；渴望 5．_______n. 防御；保卫→_______vt.&vi. 防护；防御；保卫→______ adj. 防御的；保护的；保卫的 6．_______vt. 宣布；通知；声称→______ n. 通告；布告；宣布；宣告 7．_______adj. 引人注目的；显著的→_______ vt. 给(某人以……)印象；让(某人)觉得 8．________ n. 人群；一群人；民众　vt. 挤满；使……拥挤→________adj. 拥挤的 9．________ vt. 问候；迎接→________ n. 问候；招呼；迎接 10.________ n. 成就；成绩；达到→_______vt. 取得；达到 11．________n. 地方；地点；位置→_______ vt. 找出……的位置；把……设置在→_______ adj. 坐落于；位于 12．_____adj. 法律的；合法的→______ adv. 合法地→(反) _______adj. 不合法的；违法的 13．_______ adj. 慷慨的；大方的；丰富的→__________ n. 慷慨；大方 14．______ adj. 极有吸引力的；迷人的→________adj. 被迷住的→_______ vt.&vi. (使)着迷；(使)迷住 15．________adj. 单独的；个别的→_________ adv. 逐个地；作为个人；单独地 16．_________ n. 证据；证明→_________ adj. 明显的→___________adv. 明显地 17．_________ adj. 感觉的；感官的→_________ n. 感官；理智；心智→_______ adj. 不明智的；无意义的→_______ adj. 明智的→_______ adj. 善解人意的；敏感的 18．_________ n. 诗人→_________ n. 诗→______n. 诗歌 提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇 surround vt.包围；围绕(surrounding adj.周围的；附近的 surroundings n．环境) surround...with...用……包围…… be surrounded by/with被……包围 (1)The ____________(surround) fascinating landscape nearly took my breath away. (2)您可以给我一些关于如何适应陌生环境的有益的建议吗？(应用文写作之求助信) Would you please offer me some beneficial advice on ________________________？ (3)绿树掩映，这个农场坐落于我们学校附近的山脚下。一条小河曲曲折折穿行其中。 ________________________________，the farm is located at the foot of the hill near our school.There is a small river flowing through the farm. charge vt.收费；控告；充电；(向……)冲 n．收费；指控；主管 •charge sb with (doing) sth ＝accuse sb of (doing) sth 指控某人犯……罪 charge sb money for sth 因某事/物收某人钱 charge at向……发起冲锋，扑向 •free of charge＝for free免费 in charge of掌管(表状态) take charge of掌管(表动作) in the charge of被……掌管；由……负责 (1)We have enough evidence and confidence to charge you ________ abuse of power. (2)The generous owner of the pub charged us only a small amount of money ________ wine and beer. (3)上周我们就市民是否可以免费使用科学博物馆展开了热烈的讨论。(议论文写作) Last week we had a heated debate about _____________________________________________. (4)张着血盆大口，这只凶猛的饿狼突然跳起来，冲向我，就快要一口把我吃掉。(读后续写之动作链描写) Opening its bloody mouth，the fierce hungry wolf sprang to its feet suddenly，________________ and was about to eat me up in one gulp. (5)我将负责一个主题班会，旨在向外国人介绍中国传统文化。(2021·全国甲，书面表达) I will _________________________________________ designed to introduce traditional Chinese cultures to foreigners. amount n．金额；数量 v．总计，共计；相当于，等于 •the amount of...……的数量“大量/少量的”表达： a large/small amount of＋n.[U]＋v.(单数) large/small amounts of＋n.[U]＋v.(复数) •amount to共计，总计；等于，相当于 (1)Yesterday large amounts of honey and butter ____(be) used to make this kind of snack. (2)A large amount of money ________(be) spent on the construction of the school last year. (3)青少年吃垃圾食品的数量逐年上涨，这逐渐损害了他们的健康。(话题写作之饮食健康) ___________________________________________，which gradually ruins their health. (4)为了保持健康，有规律的适量锻炼是相当必要的。(应用文写作之建议信) In order to keep healthy，________________________________________________. (5)暑假期间我总共挣了300美元，这笔钱可以帮助养活我的家人。(2021·浙江6月，读后续写) The money I earned during the summer holiday ________________________，which could help support my family. approach n．接近；方法；途径 vt.接近；接洽；着手处理 vi.靠近 •an approach to (doing) sth (做某事的)方法/途径；接近，靠近 at the approach of在快到……的时候 •with...approaching在……快到的时候 approach sth/sb 接近某物/某人 (1)With the Spring Festival ____________(approach)，we could hardly contain our inner excitement. ＝________ the approach of the Spring Festival，we could hardly contain our inner excitement. (2)我最尊敬的人是我的班主任，他总是为我们提供不同的解决困难的方法。(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达) The person I respect most is my headteacher who ____________________________________. (3)随着汽车靠近Brunswick，Vingo浑身颤抖，如坐针毡。(读后续写之心理描写)(with的复合结构) ________________________________，Vingo shook all over，feeling like sitting on pins and needles. (4)简颤抖着站起来，向丈夫走去，扑进他的怀里，在他的肩膀上哭个不停。(读后续写之动作链描写) Jane got to her feet shakily，________________________ and threw herself into his arms，sobbing uncontrollably on his shoulder. eager adj.渴望的；热切的(eagerly adv.热心地；急切地eagerness n．热切；渴望) •be eager to do sth 渴望做某事 be eager for sth 渴望得到某物 •with eagerness热切地；急切地 hide one’s eagerness掩饰某人的渴望 (1)I looked at the poet straight in the eyes and longed to know the truth with __________(eager)． (2)The thrilled twins whispered to their father，“We are eager ____________(cook) a delicious breakfast for our beloved mother.Not having enough cooking experience，we are eager ________ your timely help.” (3)当这个男孩被问及是否想要一个生日礼物的时候，他无法掩饰他的渴望。(读后续写之心理描写) When asked whether he wanted a gift for his birthday，______________________________. 6.individual adj单独的，个别的；n.个人-individualism个人主义 (1)Every individual______________( have）rights which must never be taken away. (2)The children will first sing ___________( individual)and then together as a group. 7.defence n.防御，保卫—defend vt.保护，为…辩护，为…争辩-defensive防御性的 1） in defence of…=in one’s defence 保卫…. 2） defend …against/from…保护…免受… 1)What was especially important for Tim's successful_____________(defend) in the football game? 2)Students should be trained to defend themselves_________some attacks. 3)He has hired a lawyer______________( defend)himself against his action. 8.fascinate vt.使着迷—fascinating adj.令人着迷的-fascinated adj着迷的 1).我着迷的听他讲他的英国之旅。(翻译) ______________________________________________________________________________ 2).CHRONOLOGICA《时代》 is a_____________( fascinate）journey through time, from the foundation of Rome to the creation of the Internet. 9. announce vt.宣布;通知;声称-announcement n.宣告，通告，公告—announcer n.播音员，广播员 (1)announce sth to sb=announce to sb sth向某人宣布某事 It is/was announced that...据宣布…… announce that...宣布……;通知…… (2)announcement n.公告;发表;宣告;通告 make an announcement发布通告 1. He announced the good news to her.(同义句转换）=___________________________________________ 2. 据宣布，运动会将在下周二举行（翻译句子） __________________________________________________________________________________ 10. puzzle n.谜，智力游戏；疑问→ puzzled adj. 困惑的，迷惑不解的--puzzling adj.令人迷惑不解的 (1) be in a puzzle 感到困惑 be a puzzle to sb 对某人来说是个谜vt 迷惑，使困惑 (2) puzzle about/over 苦苦思考 (3)be puzzled about/by…受到…的困惑 1.All the people are ___________ by the ____________ questions raised by the little boy. (puzzle) 2.The__________ look on her face made us surprised. (puzzle) 3.The present situation is ____________, and we are all ___________ what will happen in the days to come. (puzzle) 11. crowd n.人群;一群人;民众 vt.挤满;使……拥挤---crowded adj. 拥挤的 （1）n. a crowd of /crowds of 一群; 许多 （2）v. crowd into… 挤进 crowd in (on sb) …涌上(某人心头); 涌入(某人的脑海) (3) be crowded with 充满;挤满 =be full of=be packed with… 1) The crowd crowded _____ the stadium which was crowded _________ audience. 2) Too many uncomfortable thoughts were crowding ____ on her. 3) In _________ (crowd) places like airports and railway stations, you must take care of your luggage. 4) In the courtyard, there is ____________________ (一群人). 11.break away (from sb/sth)突然离开；脱离；背叛；逃脱 break up打碎；分裂，解体；结束；(关系等)破裂 break down垮掉；分解；出故障 break into破门而入 break in破门而入；打断；插话 break out (战争、洪水、火灾等)爆发 break off断开;停顿;中断 用break的相关短语填空 (1)My dog suddenly _____________________ me，charged at the door and began to bark fiercely.(续写之动作链描写) (2)Fred has given me no good reason for being eager to ________________ our marriage. (3)Finally I ________________________，shedding tears with my face covered in my hands.(读后续写之情感描写) (4)When I got home，I found my house ________________ and some money stolen. (5)He was charging his mobile phone when the fire ________________. 12.belong to属于；是……的成员；是……的组成部分{belong vi.应在(某处)；适应，合得来 belonging n．[U]归属；[pl.]所有物；财产} a sense of belonging归属感 注意：belong to 没有被动语态和进行时态，用作非谓语时要使用doing形式。 (1)Having sold most of his ____________(belong)，the poet almost had nothing left in the house. (2)属于我的酒馆被夷为平地，这让我坠入无尽的深渊。The pub ____________(belong) to me was burnt to the ground，which made me crash into the limitless abyss. (3)正是由于我慷慨善良的同学们的帮助我才有了归属感。 It is because of my generous and kind-hearted classmates’ assistance ____________________ 13.as well as同(一样也)；和；还 •as well as常用来连接两个并列的成分，如名词、形容词、动词、介词，通常不位于句首。作“也，还”解，连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数与as well as前面的主语保持一致(就远原则)。 •用作介词时，as well as相当于besides，in addition to，意思为“除……之外”，后面通常接名词或动名词，尤其是位于句首时。 (1)Your wife as well as you ________(be) friendly and generous，for which I am very grateful. (2)As well as ________(eat) a five-course meal，they drank seven bottles of wine. (3)我们的班主任和五名学生代表被邀请在昨天的成人礼上发表演讲。 __________________________________ at yesterday’s coming-of-age ceremony. 14. if的省略结构 So what is the difference between them，if any？如果有的话，那么它们之间的区别是什么呢？ if any(如果有的话)是一个省略句，相当于 if (there is/are) any...。if not如果不是这样的话 if so如果是这样的话 if ever如果曾有的话 if necessary如果有必要的话 if possible如果可能的话 (1)如果有人要来的话，请让我知道有多少，我好做准备。 Please let me know how many people are coming，____________，so that I can make preparations. (2)如果是这样的话，我真诚地邀请你和我的家人一起庆祝中秋节；如果不的话，我会向你推荐一些附近的迷人的景点。请提前告诉我你的决定以便我可以做出进一步的安排。(话题写作之节假日活动) ____________，I sincerely invite you to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Day with my family.________，I will recommend some nearby fascinating scenic spots to you.Please inform me of your decision in advance so that I can make further arrangements. (3)如果可能的话，请提前告诉我你所需要的东西。 ________________，please tell me what you need in advance. (4)If it is necessary，our school will provide the students with the language training courses. →________________，our school will provide the students with the language training courses. 15. with的复合结构 The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes，with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。 with的复合结构在句中作状语和定语，主要包括： •with＋宾语＋to do(表示将来的动作) •with＋宾语＋doing(表示主动或进行) •with＋宾语＋done(表示被动或完成) •with＋宾语＋介词短语/adj./adv. (1)有如此多的工作要做，我焦虑不堪，难以入眠。 ________________________，I was so anxious that I had trouble sleeping. (2)完成了所有的准备工作，他高兴地跳了起来，眼中闪烁着兴奋的光芒。(读后续写之兴奋心理描写) ________________________________，he jumped with joy，his eyes glittering with excitement. (3)Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms and tears of shame and embarrassment welled up in his eyes.(羞愧心理描写) →Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms，________________________________.(用with的复合结构改写) →Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms，_________________________________.(用独立主格结构改写) (4)As time goes by，more students as well as teachers are eager to join our Spoken English Club. →________________，more students as well as teachers are eager to join our Spoken English Club.(with复合结构改写) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$