Unit 5 Water is life【B卷·培优卷】-2024-2025学年七年级英语下册单元速记·巧练（深圳专用·沪教版2024）

Unit 5 Water is life（B卷·培优卷）（深圳专用） （考试时间：70分钟 试卷满分：75分） 一、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Water is very important to living things. Without water there can be no 1 on Earth. All animals and plants need water. 2 also needs water. We need water to drink. to cook our food and to clean ourselves. Water is needed in offices, factories and schools. Water is needed everywhere. There is water in seas, rivers and 3 . Water is found almost everywhere. Even in the 4 part of the world, there is some water in the air. You cannot see or feel it when it is a part of the 5 . The water in the seas, rivers and lakes is a liquid (液体). The water in the air is a 6 , and we call it water vapor. Clouds are made of water. They may be made of very small drops of water. They may also be made of snow crystals (结晶体). Snow crystals are very, very small crystals of ice. Ice is frozen water. It is a solid. There can be 7 and ice everywhere in winter. Some people think there’s 8 water on Earth. In fact, there is only enough water for us to use now. If we don’t 9 it, it will surely be used out some day. To protect water is to protect 10 . Do you think so? 1．A．birds B．trees C．fish D．life 2．A．Animals B．Plants C．People D．Food 3．A．air B．lakes C．pools D．bathrooms 4．A．highest B．hottest C．coldest D．driest 5．A．air B．sea C．river D．ice 6．A．light B．gas C．sound D．color 7．A．rain B．storm C．snow D．sunlight 8．A．little B．no C．not much D．much 9．A．drink B．save C．use D．pollute 10．A．friends B．parents C．ourselves D．teachers 2、 阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） A There are a lot of canals (运河) in the world. Some of them are famous. Have you ever heard of them? The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal Chinese people started to build the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal in the Spring and Autumn Period. As the oldest and longest man-made canal in the world, it starts from Beijing in the north and ends in Hangzhou in the south with a total length of about 1,794 kilometers. The Suez Canal The Suez Canal is a man-made canal through Egypt, connecting (连接) the Mediterranean and the Red Sea. In March, 2021, a ship called Ever Given got stuck (搁浅) in the Suez Canal. The ship is about 400 meters long-that’s bigger than the Empire State Building in New York, the US. The Panama Canal The Panama Canal is an important waterway connecting the Atlantic and the Pacific Ocean. It’s in Panama. The whole canal is 65 kilometers long, which is known as one of the seven engineering wonders of the world. It was built and opened by the United States in 1914. Its opening has greatly made the shipping distance (距离) between the two oceans much shorter. The Kiel Canal The Kiel Canal in Germany goes through the middle of Schleswig-Holstein and it is 98 kilometers long. The Kiel Canal is a two-way waterway that connects the Baltic Sea and the North Sea. Every year, about 32, 000 ships pass through the Kiel Canal. 11．When did people begin to build the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal? A．About 98 years ago. B．In March, 2021. C．In the year of 1914. D．In the Spring and Autumn Period. 12．Where is the Suez Canal? A．In China. B．In Egypt. C．In Panama. D．In Germany. 13．The Panama Canal has made the shipping distance between ________ and ________ much shorter. A．Beijing；Hangzhou B．the Atlantic；the Pacific Ocean C．the Mediterranean；the Red Sea D．the Baltic Sea；the North Sea 14．What is the Kiel Canal like? A．It is 65 kilometers long. B．It is the oldest man-made canal in the world. C．About 32,000 ships pass through it every year. D．It is a one-way waterway in Germany. 15．In which part of a magazine can you read the text? A．Geography. B．Art. C．Sports. D．Medicine. B In December 2021, people in Shenzhen found that water ran more slowly from their taps (水龙头). The government (政府) said the city was facing its most serious water shortage ever. Some other cities in the southern part of China, like Chengdu and Guangzhou, are also becoming “thirsty”, the paper reported. Compared (相比) with northern areas, southern areas have more rain and are close to more rivers and lakes. So why are they still short of water? In big cities like Shenzhen and Guangzhou, populations are growing fast. As a result, people and factories need more and more water. Each person in Shenzhen has less than 200 cubic meters (立方米) of water each year. It’s 1/12 of the country’s average (平均水平). According to the United Nations, it is an “absolute (极度的) water shortage” when the number is below 500 cubic meters. Climate change is making the water problem worse. For example, most cities in Guangdong depend on (依赖于) the Dongjiang River as their main source (来源) of water. In 2021, the river was reported to be drying up. Because of climate change, there’s also less snow in the mountains of Xizang. The snow has long been the source of water for many areas in China. Those mountains might provide less water in the future. There are other reasons for water shortages. For example, water pollution makes it harder to get clean drinking water. Factories and farms don’t use water efficiently (有效地). Some cities have enough rainfall, but don’t have big lakes or reservoirs (水库) to store water. The water just goes into the sea. 16．According to the passage, which city does NOT have water shortage? A．Guangzhou. B．Shenzhen. C．Chengdu. D．Wuhan. 17．According to the country’s average, how much water should each person in Shenzhen have every year? A．Less than 200 cubic meters. B．About 1/12 cubic meters. C．Below 500 cubic metres. D．About 2400 cubic meters. 18．What can we learn from Paragraph 4? A．Climate change does influence (影响) the water problem. B．Climate change provided more water for the Dongjiang River. C．The snow in the mountains of Xizang has provided water for many areas. D．The mountains of Xizang will provide more water in the future. 19．Which of the following is NOT the reason of water shortage? A．The growing population in some big cities. B．The climate change on the Earth. C．The drying up of the Changjiang River. D．The problem of water pollution. 20．What’s the main idea of this passage? A．The water shortage in some southern cities. B．People should fight against water pollution. C．The climate change makes the water shortage worse. D．The government calls on Shenzhen people to save water. C Of all the things we eat and drink, water is the most important. Not many people realize this but it is quite true. The human (人类的) body goes without food for a long time, but two or three days without water usually results in death. Many people do not understand how much water the human body needs to work properly and many people do not drink enough, especially in hot weather. Most people drink when they are thirsty, but we often need more water, especially if we have been taking exercise. A man’s body is 65 to 75 percent of water. Most people need about five to seven liters of water every day, but we do not need to drink this amount (数量) because a lot comes from the food we eat. Or we do not have enough water, we feel thirsty and may become ill. Do you know what the best drink is? Yes, cold water. 21．Which of the following is true? A．No one knows water is the most important thing to human life. B．It’s quite true that water is very important to human life. C．It’s dangerous to drink plenty of water when we are thirsty. D．People should stop drinking water in order to keep healthy. 22．In order to get enough water, the writer thinks people should drink ________. A．hot water B．after exercises C．often, not just when they feel thirsty D．as much water as possible 23．According to the passage, a person usually drinks ________ of water every day. A．65 to 75 percent B．no more than 5 litres C．more than 7 litres D．no more than 7 litres 24．People get the water they need from ________. A．the food they eat B．the things they eat and drink C．cold eater D．their drink 25．The passage mainly wants to make people know ________. A．that they should drink enough water B．why water is important to them C．how much water they need D．how they can get enough water 三、阅读还原 （共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） For most visitors, no other tourist city is quite like Venice. They love its art museums, beautiful traditional buildings and squares. They also enjoy sitting in cafés and talking, or going to restaurants and tasting the delicious Italian food in the city. 26 Venice is a city on the water. 27 Canals (运河) run through the city like streets, so people usually travel around it by boat every day. For most visitors, their trips won’t be complete without a boat trip through the canals. 28 These years, it’s slowly going down into the water. When high tides (潮汐) come, the water from the ocean comes into the city. It happens more often, so Venice is lower than it was in the past. 29 Luckily, engineers are working on a project to save Venice. 30 It is difficult and expensive to do that. But if it works, Venice’s beautiful buildings will be safe, and the city will still be there for people to visit long into the future. A．This is also destroying the old buildings in the city. B．They’re putting 78 big gates to stop the water from coming in. C．You can find over 117 islands and more than 400 bridges in it. D．But what makes Venice a really special place is the water. E．However, Venice is in danger because of its water. F．Venice is famous throughout the world, and people also call it the “Floating City”. 四、阅读匹配（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 下面的材料A-F介绍了六个百科知识，请根据五位同学的需求，帮助他们找到可能感兴趣的知识，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 31 Peter learned about Taklamakan Desert in the Geography class. He knew that it’s the largest desert in China. Now he wants to know which one is the largest in the world. 32 Lily has an interesting picture. In the picture, a man is reading a book while lying in the sea. She wants to know why. 33 David just read an article about the hottest place on Earth. He wants to know where the coldest one is. 34 Linda is a middle school student from Sudan. She is writing a report about the father of African rivers. 35 Tony is listening to a song about Huangguoshu Waterfall. He wants to learn some other famous waterfalls in the world. A．Oymyakon is a small village in Russia. The name Oymyakon means non-freezing (不结冻的) water. It’s the coldest place on Earth. Once, the coldest temperature in Oymyakon was -71.2℃. B．The Dead Sea is not a sea but a saltwater lake. The lake is 76 kilometres long, up to 18 kilometres wide and 400 metres deep at its deepest point. It is over 25% salt, so people can float in it very easily. C． The Sahara Desert in Northern Africa is the largest desert in the world. It’s more than 16 times of France. It’s hot, dry and windy all year round. But nights can be very cold. D．Angel Falls is the world’s highest free-falling waterfall (瀑布) at 979 metres. An American pilot (飞行员) named James Crawford Angel first saw the Angel Falls in Venezuela in 1933. The falls were then named after him. E. The Nile is a river in northeast Africa. It’s the longest river in the world. The Blue Nile and the White Nile meet in Khartoum, Sudan. And from there they move on their long journey towards (向，朝) the Mediterranean Sea (地中海). F. Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. It lies on the border (边界) between China and Nepal. The newly measured (测量的) height of it is 8848.86 metres. 五、短文填空 （共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构和上下文连贯要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空。 Do you think people all over the world can drink and use clean water? Well, it’s not the truth. Let’s look at Nya’s story. Nya is ___36___ eleven-year-old girl and she lives in South Sudan. She walks to the pond near her village ___37___ (two) a day to get water for her family. It’s a long walk, so Nya doesn’t have time to go to school. Nya is worried ___38___ her sister Akeer. Akeer is sick from the poor water, 39 there is little Nya’s family can do about it. One day, two men come to Nya’s village. After ___40___ (talk) with the elders, they begin to work in the ground between two big tee. Getting water from a well (水井) in South Sudan is hard. So, when Nya learns they are going to dig a well, she thinks they are ___41___ (able) to do it. But after two months of hard work, water __42 ___ (final) comes out from the well. People bring their bottles to taste the water. It is clear and fresh. Everyone is ___43___ (excite). I feel happy for Nya and ___44__ (she) village. From her story, I know it’s still difficult for some people to get clean water. The story opens my eyes and teaches me ____45 ___ (save) water as much as I can in my daily life. 六、书面表达（15分） 46．深圳是一个缺水的城市。缺水，让人们的生产、生活受到影响。为了保护水资源，我们应该马上采取行动。请根据下面表格中所给的要点提示，以“Saving Water”为题写一篇短文。80词左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 水的重要性 所有生物都需要水，没有水，地球上就没有生命存在 存在的问题 工厂废水、生活污水等导致淡水稀少 改进的措施 停止浪费水、不要污染水 联系自己的生活实际提出几条合理的建议（至少2条） Saving water Water is important to us. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Let’s save water together! 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 5 Water is life（B卷·培优卷）（深圳专用） （考试时间：70分钟 试卷满分：75分） 一、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Water is very important to living things. Without water there can be no 1 on Earth. All animals and plants need water. 2 also needs water. We need water to drink. to cook our food and to clean ourselves. Water is needed in offices, factories and schools. Water is needed everywhere. There is water in seas, rivers and 3 . Water is found almost everywhere. Even in the 4 part of the world, there is some water in the air. You cannot see or feel it when it is a part of the 5 . The water in the seas, rivers and lakes is a liquid (液体). The water in the air is a 6 , and we call it water vapor. Clouds are made of water. They may be made of very small drops of water. They may also be made of snow crystals (结晶体). Snow crystals are very, very small crystals of ice. Ice is frozen water. It is a solid. There can be 7 and ice everywhere in winter. Some people think there’s 8 water on Earth. In fact, there is only enough water for us to use now. If we don’t 9 it, it will surely be used out some day. To protect water is to protect 10 . Do you think so? 1．A．birds B．trees C．fish D．life 2．A．Animals B．Plants C．People D．Food 3．A．air B．lakes C．pools D．bathrooms 4．A．highest B．hottest C．coldest D．driest 5．A．air B．sea C．river D．ice 6．A．light B．gas C．sound D．color 7．A．rain B．storm C．snow D．sunlight 8．A．little B．no C．not much D．much 9．A．drink B．save C．use D．pollute 10．A．friends B．parents C．ourselves D．teachers 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了水对生物的重要性以及水在自然界中的存在形式。 1．句意：没有水，地球上就没有生命。 birds鸟；trees树；fish鱼；life生命。根据上文“Water is very important to living things.”可知，水对生物非常重要，没有水就没有“生命”。此处使用“life”意为“生命”符合语境。故选D。 2．句意：人们也需要水。 Animals动物；Plants植物；People人们；Food食物。根据下文“We need water to drink, to cook our food and to clean ourselves.”可知，此处指“人们”在生活中需要水。此处使用“People”意为“人们”符合语境。故选C。 3．句意：在海洋、河流和湖泊中有水。 air空气；lakes湖泊；pools水池；bathrooms浴室。根据“There is water in seas, rivers and...Water is found almost everywhere.”可知，水存在于海洋、河流和“湖泊”中，到处都能够发现水。此处使用“lakes”意为“湖泊”符合语境。故选B。 4．句意：即使在世界上最干燥的地方，空气中也有一些水。 highest最高的；hottest最热的；coldest最冷的；driest最干燥的。根据“Water is found almost everywhere. Even in the...part of the world, there is some water in the air.”可知，到处都能够发现水，即使在“最干燥”的地方，空气中也有水。使用“driest”意为“最干燥的”符合语境。故选D。 5．句意：当它是空气的一部分时，你看不到或感觉不到它。 air空气；sea海洋；river河流；ice冰。根据“there is some water in the air. You cannot see or feel it when it is a part of the...”可知，水是“空气”的一部分时，看不见也摸不着。此处使用“air”意为“空气”符合语境。故选A。 6．句意：空气中的水是一种气体，我们称之为水蒸气。 light光；gas气体；sound声音；color颜色。根据“The water in the air is a...and we call it water vapor.”可知，空气中的水是“气体”，被称为水蒸气。此处使用“gas”意为“气体”符合语境。故选B。 7．句意：冬天到处都会有雪和冰。 rain雨；storm风暴；snow雪；sunlight阳光。根据“Ice is frozen water. It is a solid. There can be...and ice everywhere in winter.”可知，在冬天到处都有“雪”和冰，这是常识。此处使用“snow”意为“雪”与“ice”对应，符合冬季寒冷的语境。故选C。 8．句意：有些人认为地球上有大量的水。 little很少；no没有；not much不多；much很多。根据“In fact, there is only enough water for us to use now.”可知，有些人认为地球上有“大量、很多”的水。此处使用“much”意为“大量、很多”符合语境。故选D。 9．句意：如果我们不节约用水，总有一天它肯定会被用完。 drink喝；save节约；use使用；pollute污染。根据“it will surely be used out some day”可知，如果不“节约”用水，水总有一天会被用完。此处使用“save”意为“节约”符合语境。故选B。   10．句意：保护水就是保护我们自己。 friends朋友；parents父母；ourselves我们自己；teachers老师。根据“To protect water is to protect...”可知，句中表述保护水就是保护“我们自己”。此处使用反身代词“ourselves”意为“我们自己”符合语境。故选C。 2、 阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） A There are a lot of canals (运河) in the world. Some of them are famous. Have you ever heard of them? The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal Chinese people started to build the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal in the Spring and Autumn Period. As the oldest and longest man-made canal in the world, it starts from Beijing in the north and ends in Hangzhou in the south with a total length of about 1,794 kilometers. The Suez Canal The Suez Canal is a man-made canal through Egypt, connecting (连接) the Mediterranean and the Red Sea. In March, 2021, a ship called Ever Given got stuck (搁浅) in the Suez Canal. The ship is about 400 meters long-that’s bigger than the Empire State Building in New York, the US. The Panama Canal The Panama Canal is an important waterway connecting the Atlantic and the Pacific Ocean. It’s in Panama. The whole canal is 65 kilometers long, which is known as one of the seven engineering wonders of the world. It was built and opened by the United States in 1914. Its opening has greatly made the shipping distance (距离) between the two oceans much shorter. The Kiel Canal The Kiel Canal in Germany goes through the middle of Schleswig-Holstein and it is 98 kilometers long. The Kiel Canal is a two-way waterway that connects the Baltic Sea and the North Sea. Every year, about 32, 000 ships pass through the Kiel Canal. 11．When did people begin to build the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal? A．About 98 years ago. B．In March, 2021. C．In the year of 1914. D．In the Spring and Autumn Period. 12．Where is the Suez Canal? A．In China. B．In Egypt. C．In Panama. D．In Germany. 13．The Panama Canal has made the shipping distance between ________ and ________ much shorter. A．Beijing；Hangzhou B．the Atlantic；the Pacific Ocean C．the Mediterranean；the Red Sea D．the Baltic Sea；the North Sea 14．What is the Kiel Canal like? A．It is 65 kilometers long. B．It is the oldest man-made canal in the world. C．About 32,000 ships pass through it every year. D．It is a one-way waterway in Germany. 15．In which part of a magazine can you read the text? A．Geography. B．Art. C．Sports. D．Medicine. 【答案】11．D 12．B 13．B 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文介绍了四条世界著名的大运河。 11．细节理解题。根据原文“Chinese people started to build the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal in the Spring and Autumn Period”可知，中国人民在春秋时期就开始修建京杭大运河。故选D。 12．细节理解题。根据原文“The Suez Canal is a man-made canal through Egypt”可知，苏伊士运河是一条穿过埃及的人工运河。故选B。 13．细节理解题。根据原文“The Panama Canal is an important waterway connecting the Atlantic and the Pacific Ocean”可知，巴拿马运河是连接大西洋和太平洋的重要航道，使两者之间的航运距离大大缩短了。故选B。 14．细节理解题。根据原文“Every year, about 32, 000 ships pass through the Kiel Canal”可知，每年大约有32000艘船只通过基尔运河。故选C。 15．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了四条世界著名的大运河。由此可推断本文出自杂志的地理板块。故选A。 B In December 2021, people in Shenzhen found that water ran more slowly from their taps (水龙头). The government (政府) said the city was facing its most serious water shortage ever. Some other cities in the southern part of China, like Chengdu and Guangzhou, are also becoming “thirsty”, the paper reported. Compared (相比) with northern areas, southern areas have more rain and are close to more rivers and lakes. So why are they still short of water? In big cities like Shenzhen and Guangzhou, populations are growing fast. As a result, people and factories need more and more water. Each person in Shenzhen has less than 200 cubic meters (立方米) of water each year. It’s 1/12 of the country’s average (平均水平). According to the United Nations, it is an “absolute (极度的) water shortage” when the number is below 500 cubic meters. Climate change is making the water problem worse. For example, most cities in Guangdong depend on (依赖于) the Dongjiang River as their main source (来源) of water. In 2021, the river was reported to be drying up. Because of climate change, there’s also less snow in the mountains of Xizang. The snow has long been the source of water for many areas in China. Those mountains might provide less water in the future. There are other reasons for water shortages. For example, water pollution makes it harder to get clean drinking water. Factories and farms don’t use water efficiently (有效地). Some cities have enough rainfall, but don’t have big lakes or reservoirs (水库) to store water. The water just goes into the sea. 16．According to the passage, which city does NOT have water shortage? A．Guangzhou. B．Shenzhen. C．Chengdu. D．Wuhan. 17．According to the country’s average, how much water should each person in Shenzhen have every year? A．Less than 200 cubic meters. B．About 1/12 cubic meters. C．Below 500 cubic metres. D．About 2400 cubic meters. 18．What can we learn from Paragraph 4? A．Climate change does influence (影响) the water problem. B．Climate change provided more water for the Dongjiang River. C．The snow in the mountains of Xizang has provided water for many areas. D．The mountains of Xizang will provide more water in the future. 19．Which of the following is NOT the reason of water shortage? A．The growing population in some big cities. B．The climate change on the Earth. C．The drying up of the Changjiang River. D．The problem of water pollution. 20．What’s the main idea of this passage? A．The water shortage in some southern cities. B．People should fight against water pollution. C．The climate change makes the water shortage worse. D．The government calls on Shenzhen people to save water. 【答案】16．D 17．D 18．C 19．C 20．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国南方一些城市出现的缺水问题，以及造成缺水的原因。 16．细节理解题。根据“In December 2021, people in Shenzhen found that water ran more slowly from their taps (水龙头). The government (政府) said the city was facing its most serious water shortage ever.”以及“Some other cities in the southern part of China, like Chengdu and Guangzhou, are also becoming ‘thirsty’ the paper reported.”可知，深圳、广州和成都出现缺水问题。故选D。 17．推理判断题。根据“Each person in Shenzhen has less than 200 cubic meters (立方米) of water each year. It’s 1/12 of the country’s average (平均水平).”可知，深圳每人每年的水量不足200立方米，是全国平均水平的1/12，可推测根据全国水平，深圳每人每年应该有大约2400(200×12=2400)立方米。故选D。 18．推理判断题。通读第四段可知，很多城市的用水主要依靠河水，而河水来自雪山上的雪水，因气候变化使得西藏雪山上的雪量减少，这将造成未来雪山所提供的水量减少，河水减少，导致缺水，可推测西藏山上的雪为许多地方供水。故选C。 19．细节理解题。根据“In big cities like Shenzhen and Guangzhou, populations (人口) are growing fast. As a result, people and factories need more and more water.”、“Climate change is making the water problem worse.”以及最后一段中的“There are other reasons for water shortages. For example, water pollution makes it harder to get clean drinking water.”可知，缺水的原因有：一些大城市人口快速增长、气候变化以及水污染。故选C。 20．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了中国南方一些城市出现的缺水问题，以及造成缺水的原因，所以A项正确。故选A。 C Of all the things we eat and drink, water is the most important. Not many people realize this but it is quite true. The human (人类的) body goes without food for a long time, but two or three days without water usually results in death. Many people do not understand how much water the human body needs to work properly and many people do not drink enough, especially in hot weather. Most people drink when they are thirsty, but we often need more water, especially if we have been taking exercise. A man’s body is 65 to 75 percent of water. Most people need about five to seven liters of water every day, but we do not need to drink this amount (数量) because a lot comes from the food we eat. Or we do not have enough water, we feel thirsty and may become ill. Do you know what the best drink is? Yes, cold water. 21．Which of the following is true? A．No one knows water is the most important thing to human life. B．It’s quite true that water is very important to human life. C．It’s dangerous to drink plenty of water when we are thirsty. D．People should stop drinking water in order to keep healthy. 22．In order to get enough water, the writer thinks people should drink ________. A．hot water B．after exercises C．often, not just when they feel thirsty D．as much water as possible 23．According to the passage, a person usually drinks ________ of water every day. A．65 to 75 percent B．no more than 5 litres C．more than 7 litres D．no more than 7 litres 24．People get the water they need from ________. A．the food they eat B．the things they eat and drink C．cold eater D．their drink 25．The passage mainly wants to make people know ________. A．that they should drink enough water B．why water is important to them C．how much water they need D．how they can get enough water 【答案】21．B 22．C 23．B 24．B 25．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了水对我们的重要性。 21．细节理解题。根据“Of all the things we eat and drink, water is the most important. Not many people realize this but it is quite true.”可知，水对人类生命非常重要。故选B。 22．细节理解题。根据“Most people drink when they are thirsty, but we often need more water, especially if we have been taking exercise.”可知，作者认为人们应该经常喝水，而不仅仅是口渴时。故选C。 23．细节理解题。根据“Most people need about five to seven liters of water every day, but we do not need to drink this amount (数量) because a lot comes from the food we eat.”可知，一个人一天的饮水量通常不超过五升。故选B。 24．细节理解题。根据“but we do not need to drink this amount (数量) because a lot comes from the food we eat.”可知，水和食物都为人们提供水分，故选B。 25．主旨大意题。根据“Of all the things we eat and drink, water is the most important.”并通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了水对我们的重要性。故选B。 三、阅读还原 （共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） For most visitors, no other tourist city is quite like Venice. They love its art museums, beautiful traditional buildings and squares. They also enjoy sitting in cafés and talking, or going to restaurants and tasting the delicious Italian food in the city. 26 Venice is a city on the water. 27 Canals (运河) run through the city like streets, so people usually travel around it by boat every day. For most visitors, their trips won’t be complete without a boat trip through the canals. 28 These years, it’s slowly going down into the water. When high tides (潮汐) come, the water from the ocean comes into the city. It happens more often, so Venice is lower than it was in the past. 29 Luckily, engineers are working on a project to save Venice. 30 It is difficult and expensive to do that. But if it works, Venice’s beautiful buildings will be safe, and the city will still be there for people to visit long into the future. A．This is also destroying the old buildings in the city. B．They’re putting 78 big gates to stop the water from coming in. C．You can find over 117 islands and more than 400 bridges in it. D．But what makes Venice a really special place is the water. E．However, Venice is in danger because of its water. F．Venice is famous throughout the world, and people also call it the “Floating City”. 【答案】26．D 27．C 28．E 29．A 30．B 【导语】本文介绍威尼斯这个地方，及它面临的危险。 26．根据下文“Venice is a city on the water.”可知，此处引出下文，选项D“但使威尼斯变成一个很特别的地方的是水。”符合语境。故选D。 27．根据“Venice is a city on the water.”可知，威尼斯是一座水上城市，横线上应是关于它是水上城市的介绍，选项C“这里有117多个岛屿和 400多座桥梁。”符合语境。故选C。 28．根据“These years, it’s slowly going down into the water.”可知，这些年来，它慢慢沉入水中，讲述的是水带来的危险，选项E“然而，威尼斯却因水问题而陷入危险。”符合语境。故选E。 29．根据“These years, it’s slowly going down into the water. When high tides (潮汐) come, the water from the ocean comes into the city. It happens more often, so Venice is lower than it was in the past”可知，这些年来，威尼斯的水位正在慢慢下降。当潮汐来临时，海水就会涌入城市。这种情况发生得更频繁，所以威尼斯的水位比过去低了，此处具体介绍水带来的危险，选项A“这也正在摧毁城市里的古老建筑。”符合语境。故选A。 30．根据“Luckily, engineers are working on a project to save Venice.”可知，幸运的是，工程师们正在开展一项拯救威尼斯的项目，横线上应是介绍措施，选项B“他们安装了 87 个大门来阻止水流入。”符合语境。故选B。 四、阅读匹配（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 下面的材料A-F介绍了六个百科知识，请根据五位同学的需求，帮助他们找到可能感兴趣的知识，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 31 Peter learned about Taklamakan Desert in the Geography class. He knew that it’s the largest desert in China. Now he wants to know which one is the largest in the world. 32 Lily has an interesting picture. In the picture, a man is reading a book while lying in the sea. She wants to know why. 33 David just read an article about the hottest place on Earth. He wants to know where the coldest one is. 34 Linda is a middle school student from Sudan. She is writing a report about the father of African rivers. 35 Tony is listening to a song about Huangguoshu Waterfall. He wants to learn some other famous waterfalls in the world. A．Oymyakon is a small village in Russia. The name Oymyakon means non-freezing (不结冻的) water. It’s the coldest place on Earth. Once, the coldest temperature in Oymyakon was -71.2℃. B．The Dead Sea is not a sea but a saltwater lake. The lake is 76 kilometres long, up to 18 kilometres wide and 400 metres deep at its deepest point. It is over 25% salt, so people can float in it very easily. C． The Sahara Desert in Northern Africa is the largest desert in the world. It’s more than 16 times of France. It’s hot, dry and windy all year round. But nights can be very cold. D．Angel Falls is the world’s highest free-falling waterfall (瀑布) at 979 metres. An American pilot (飞行员) named James Crawford Angel first saw the Angel Falls in Venezuela in 1933. The falls were then named after him. E. The Nile is a river in northeast Africa. It’s the longest river in the world. The Blue Nile and the White Nile meet in Khartoum, Sudan. And from there they move on their long journey towards (向，朝) the Mediterranean Sea (地中海). F. Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. It lies on the border (边界) between China and Nepal. The newly measured (测量的) height of it is 8848.86 metres. 【答案】31．C 32．B 33．A 34．E 35．D 【导语】本文介绍了五位同学的知识需求，以及六个百科知识。 31．根据“Now he wants to know which one is the largest in the world.”可知Peter想要知道世界上最大的沙漠是哪一个。选项C“北非的撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠”与之对应，故选C。 32．根据“In the picture, a man is reading a book while lying in the sea. She wants to know why.”可知Lily想要知道照片里的人为什么能躺在海上看书。选项B“它含有超过25%的盐，所以人们能轻而易举地浮在它里面”与之对应，故选B。 33．根据“He wants to know where the coldest one is.”可知David想要知道最冷的地方在哪里。选项A“奥伊米亚康是俄罗斯的一个小镇。名字奥伊米亚康意思是不冻水。它是地球上最冷的地方”与之对应。故选A。 34．根据“She is writing a report about the father of African rivers.”可知Linda正在写一个关于非洲河之父的报道。选项E“尼罗河是北非的一条河流。它是世界上最长的河流”与之对应，故选E。 35．根据“He wants to learn some other famous waterfalls in the world.”可知Tony想要了解世界上的瀑布。选项D“天使瀑布是世界上最高的自由落体瀑布，高度为979米”与之对应。故选D。 五、短文填空 （共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构和上下文连贯要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空。 Do you think people all over the world can drink and use clean water? Well, it’s not the truth. Let’s look at Nya’s story. Nya is ___36___ eleven-year-old girl and she lives in South Sudan. She walks to the pond near her village ___37___ (two) a day to get water for her family. It’s a long walk, so Nya doesn’t have time to go to school. Nya is worried ___38___ her sister Akeer. Akeer is sick from the poor water, 39 there is little Nya’s family can do about it. One day, two men come to Nya’s village. After ___40___ (talk) with the elders, they begin to work in the ground between two big tee. Getting water from a well (水井) in South Sudan is hard. So, when Nya learns they are going to dig a well, she thinks they are ___41___ (able) to do it. But after two months of hard work, water __42 ___ (final) comes out from the well. People bring their bottles to taste the water. It is clear and fresh. Everyone is ___43___ (excite). I feel happy for Nya and ___44__ (she) village. From her story, I know it’s still difficult for some people to get clean water. The story opens my eyes and teaches me ____45 ___ (save) water as much as I can in my daily life. 【答案】 36．an 37．twice 38．about 39．but 40．talking 41．not able/unable 42．finally 43．excited 44．her 45．to save 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了关于Nya所在的村子打井取水的故事。 36．句意：Nya是一个住在南苏丹的11岁女孩。此处泛指一个女孩，eleven首字母发元音音素，故填an。 37．句意：她每天两次走到村子附近的池塘为家人取水。根据“She walks to the pond near her village...a day”可知，此处描述频率，twice a day“一天两次”，故填twice。 38．句意：Nya很担心她的妹妹Akeer。根据“Nya is worried...her sister Akeer.”可知，此处是be worried about短语，意为“担心……”，故填about。 39．句意：Akeer因为喝了劣质水而生病了，但Nya的家人对此无能为力。前后两句构成转折关系，用but连接，故填but。 40．句意：在和长辈们交谈之后，他们开始在两棵大树之间的地里干活。介词after后用动名词作宾语，故填talking。 41．句意：当Nya知道他们要挖一口井时，她认为他们做不到。根据“When Nya learns they are going to dig a well(水井), she thinks they...do it.”和“But after two months of hard work...comes out from the well”可知，but表示转折，所以设空所在句是指她认为他们做不到，be able to的否定式为be not able/unable to，故填not able/unable。 42．句意：但是经过两个月的努力，井里终于出水了。此处在句中作状语，用副词形式，final的副词是finally，故填finally。 43．句意：每个人都很兴奋。此处在句中作表语，修饰人，用excite的形容词excited。故填excited。 44．句意：我为Nya和她的村庄感到高兴。此处作定语修饰“village”，用she对应的形容词性物主代词形式her，故填her。 45．句意：这个故事让我大开眼界，教会我在日常生活中尽量节约用水。teach sb to do sth“教某人做某事”，固定短语。故填to save。 六、书面表达（15分） 46．深圳是一个缺水的城市。缺水，让人们的生产、生活受到影响。为了保护水资源，我们应该马上采取行动。请根据下面表格中所给的要点提示，以“Saving Water”为题写一篇短文。80词左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 水的重要性 所有生物都需要水，没有水，地球上就没有生命存在 存在的问题 工厂废水、生活污水等导致淡水稀少 改进的措施 停止浪费水、不要污染水 联系自己的生活实际提出几条合理的建议（至少2条） Saving water Water is important to us. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Let’s save water together! 【答案】例文 Saving water Water is important to us. All living things need water. Without water, there would be no life on earth. The drinking water on Earth is very limited. Fresh water is becoming scarce because of factory wastewater and domestic sewage. There are still some people wasting water. Then what should we do to save water? We should start with small things and make good use of each drop of water. And we should try to protect water resources and never pollute lakes or rivers. It’s not easy to save water. So we should do our best. Let’s save water together! 【详解】1.题干解读：该题目是材料作文， 根据所给材料，以“Saving Water”为题写一篇短文。 要从水的重要性、存在的问题及改进的措施等三个方面叙述。 2.写作指导：本文时态为一般现在时，叙述“水”的重要性和存在的问题时以第三人称为主，叙述改进的措施时，应用到第一人称。在谈论改进的措施时用到表示建议的句型（例如，we should.../had better等）。写作的内容可按照表格内容的提示以三段式来写：第一段谈论水的重要性，引出话题；第二段介绍存在的问题；最后一段提出合理的建议并呼吁大家节约用水。写作时应选用合适的连接词或过渡词，保证条理清晰，内容连贯，语法正确。最后认真检查是否有漏写情况，有无拼写和语法错误等。 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$