精品解析：广东省执信中学2024-2025学年高一下学期3月月考英语试题

广东省执信中学2024-2025学年高一下学期3月月考英语试题 二、单项选择(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 1. With too many revisions, she decided to ______ the letter and start over again. A. throw up B. bring up C. tear up D. keep up 2. After the power ______, I spent the night reading by candlelight. A. went through B. went up C. went out D. went by 3. As winter vacations ______ school-age children begin the mad scramble to fulfill their winter reading obligations. A. keep at B. draw to a close C. come out D. pay off 4. He found he could no longer cope with his ______ job after a two-month rest. A. inclusive B. underlying C. demanding D. possible 5. John made ______ few mistakes ______ he won the first place. A. so; that B. too; to C. such; as D. such; that 6. He ______ as a waiter for five years, but now he is running his own restaurant. A. has been served B. has served C. had served D. served 7. With his arms ______, George stood there silently and listened to what the reporter______ carefully. A. folding; was saying B. folded; being said C. folding; being said D. folded; was saying 8. They had the machine ______ all day and all night to complete the task on time. However, they can do nothing but have the work ______ now because the machine broke down. A. worked; interrupt B. working; interrupt C. working; interrupted D. worked; interrupted 9. It is necessary that measures ______ to solve the problems ______ by water pollution. A. be taken; caused B. should be taken; are caused C. should take; caused D. are taken; are caused 10. On no account ______ to anyone who works in the company. A. should my name mentioned B. my name should mention C. should my name be mentioned D. my name should be mentioned 11. In the reading room, we found her ______ at a desk, with her attention ______ on a novel named All is Well. A. sitting; fixing B. seated; fixed C. seating; fixing D. to sit; fixed 12. Great changes ______ in my hometown and a lot of factories ______ in the past 20 years. A. have taken place; have been set up B. have taken place; were set up C. have been taken place; have been set up D. have been taken place; were set up 13. As time ______ Jan as well as her friends ______ the convenience of the Internet. A. goes by; enjoy B. going by; enjoy C. going by; enjoys D. goes by; enjoys 14. In the past, there ______ large amounts of land ______ China. A. was; belongs to B. were; belonging to C. were; belongs to D. was; belonging to 15. The nursery, ______ Mrs. White, ______150 dollars a week. A. in charge of; is charged B. in the charge of; is charged C. in charge of; charges D. in the charge of; charges 三、阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) A Connected to each other like never before, young people today are becoming agents of change, increasingly contributing to innovative solutions that improve people’s lives and the planet’s health. The United Nations Institute for Training and Research is therefore delighted to launch the Young Leaders Online Training Programme, a four-week e-Learning course, to provide participants with the knowledge and skills to fully unfold their potential as global leaders. ◆CONTENT ◇Online Learning Modules Module 1: The United Nations (3-9 June 2024) Module 2: Conference Diplomacy (外交) (10-16 June 2024) Module 3: Sustainable Development Goals (17-23 June 2024) Module 4: International Communication (24-30 June 2024) Each module will comprise about 30 pages of literature, external links, videos, and other relevant material, corresponding to a total workload of 40-45 hours during the four weeks. ◇Live Components Each e-Learning module will go with a series of live meetings with UN experts. These will have varying lengths and formats, including e-workshops, mock (模拟的) interviews, etc. ◆COMPLETION REQUIREMENTS Participants are qualified for a course certificate upon successful completion of the components below: ◇Reading the four modules’ content. You may wish to study the material through the interactive programme Articulate Storyline or simply download the PDF version of the content. They are identical in content and are meant to give participants flexibility in the way to study. ◇Participation in the discussion board forums (论坛). You are supposed to answer questions on every module in short texts. Your posts will be evaluated according to both quantity and quality. ◇Passing the multiple-choice assessments. Each module features an assessment quiz at its end. It contains 10 questions, and passing the module requires at least 8 out of 10 questions correctly answered. 16. What is the main aim of the course? A. To improve the lives of young people. B. To connect the youth around the world. C. To collect innovative ideas from young people. D. To build up the youth’s global leadership ability. 17. What will participants do in each module? A. Read great works of literature. B. Spend 40-45 hours on learning. C. Make videos for the United Nations. D. Have online meetings with UN experts. 18. To get a course certificate, a participant needs to ______. A. take part in the discussions B. post questions on each module C. copy the PDF version of the content D. answer all the test questions correctly B Norman Lear, a genius producer and screenwriter, passed away on Tuesday in Los Angeles at the age of 101. “Lear’s hit comedy shows changed television forever,” said Darnel Hunt, a leading artist on TV. Lear grew up in an ordinary family in Connecticut, where an unexpected accident brought about his father’s business collapse. So he had to drop out of college and joined the army. In his late 20s, he moved to Los Angeles where he struggled hard for several years, selling furniture door to door. Later on, unsatisfied with his life, he eventually turned to writing for a nightclub comedy act. By 1971, when he was almost 50, Lear had produced and directed some shows, among which was the hit show All in the Family. In the beginning, it didn’t get on the air smoothly. However, once it did, this show made it to the top 10 for eight of its nine seasons, promising Lear’s life was to change. This successful show was just the beginning of Lear’s dominating position in comedy shows. Then came The Jeffersons, about a family on its way up. It ran for eleven seasons, one of the longest running comedy shows on television, becoming another successful story. When interviewed about the hit of his shows, Lear said, “Our team read two or three newspapers a day, paid a lot of attention to our families, and came in to talk about everything that was affecting us in our daily lives.” Therefore, it came as no surprise that viewers had a sense of Lear’s own family after watching All in the Family. “Routinely, Lear’s shows might get fifty or sixty million viewers. He was in direct contact with the living rooms and families of the country,” says Marty Kaplan, founding director of the Norman Lear Center. “Lear did everything with humor and sympathy.” 19. What can we learn about Lear from the first two paragraphs? A. He led a challenging life in his twenties. B. His shows had little impact on television. C. His father expected him to be a screenwriter. D. He received good education despite his father’s business failure. 20. Which factor may contribute to the success of Lear’s shows? A. His shows reflected real daily life. B. His shows featured surprise endings. C. His shows go on the air immediately. D. His shows dominated the comedy industry. 21. What can we infer from Marty Kaplan’s words in the last paragraph? A. Lear promoted his shows to families directly. B. Lear won widespread popularity for his shows. C. Lear carried out face-to-face interactions with viewers. D. Lear always focuses on the themes of humor and sympathy. 22. Where is this text probably taken from? A. A comedy script. B. A story collection. C. A literature review. D. A news report. C A good gift is one that is more valuable for the recipient than it is for the giver. But most gifts destroy value rather than create it. Think of the Christmas-tree-shaped cookie jar that cost your aunt 530 but is worth considerably less than zero to you, posing a moral conundrum (难题): Do you throw it right into the trash or wait a couple of months? The economist Joel Waldfogel calls this discrepancy the “deadweight loss” of gifts, and estimates that, on average, it is from 10 percent to a third of a gift’s price. One explanation for the deadweight loss is a mismatch between desirability and feasibility. Consider n gadget that is useful (high disability) but difficult to set up and time-consuming to use (low feasibility). Scholars have found that givers usually focus on desirability, and receivers are more aware of feasibility. Your friend who bought you a fancy wearable fitness tracker probably thought it was a really cool and helpful gift; to you, it seems like a massive headache to figure out, requires an app download and a monthly fee, and offers data that will either make you feel terrible about yourself or turn into a life-ruining obsession. That’s why it is still sitting in your drawer in its original package. Another happiness-killing mismatch can occur between the receiver’s initial reaction and their long-term satisfaction. As Anna Goldfarb noted in The Atlantic a few weeks ago, givers tend to look for “reaction-maximizing gifts” (such as the wife’s over-the-top response to the car) as opposed to “satisfaction-maximizing gifts.” Once the giver is not present to see the receiver’s reaction, the receiver might not actually be that excited about socks with her best friend’s face on them. Someone looking for a big reaction might be tempted to buy a wildly expensive gift, which poses its own emotional problems. In the worst cases, they may even be trying to exert dominance over you, or manipulate you into doing them a favor later. Either way, receiving a gift that’s too nice might make you feel guilty. According to one 2019 survey from CompareCards, 46 percent of respondents felt guilty for being unable to give a gift worth as much as the one they received. In truth, the biggest benefit to most gift giving is to the giver herself. Generosity is truly a way to buy happiness. As my colleague Michael Norton and his co-authors showed in the journal Science in 2008, although spending money on oneself is weakly related to happiness, spending money on others significantly rises the giver’s well-being. Neuroscientists have shown that charitable giving to others engages the reward system, inducing pleasure in one of the same ways that alcohol and certain drugs do. (Maybe this is the real reason Santa is so jolly.) 23. What does “deadweight loss” of gifts in para.1 refer to? A. The value the gift creates rather than destroys. B. The money the giver spends on a meaningful gift C. The good-will and thoughtfulness of the gift giver. D. The loss of the gift value in the eyes of the receiver. 24. How would the receiver describe the ‘fancy wearable fitness tracker’ as a gift? A. Fashionable and practical. B. Unfriendly and upsetting. C. Desirable and satisfactory. D. Expensive and unworthy. 25. What makes the receiver not excited about socks printed with her best friend’s face? A. That the giver is not present to see the receiver’s reaction. B. That the receiver was expecting something wildly expensive. C. Thot the giver is confused about what gift brings satisfaction. D. That the receiver was expecting something he/she truly wants. 26. Which of the following best describes the main idea of this article? A. It is in giving that givers receive. B. Gift-giving is in most cases a win-win situation. C. The greatest gift you can give is your time and attention. D. Presents are generally terrible, but they can still bring you joy. D The release of ChatGPT has caused more than a little worry about its ability to produce credible pieces of writing. “The College Essay Is Dead, ” some people declared. That’s unlikely. There are obvious workarounds. For example, students wouldn’t benefit from ChatGPT if they were required to write out essays by hand. A return to handwritten essays could benefit students in a way. For instance, neuroscience research has revealed that the act of handwriting is very different from punching letters on a keyboard. Handwriting requires precise motor skills that stimulate greater activity in a broader group of brain regions when compared with typing and engage the brain in ways that researchers have linked to learning and memory improvements. Handwriting forces those areas responsible for memory and learning to communicate with each other, which helps form networks that facilitate the recall and acquisition of new information. Much of the research has focused on children or younger students. But there’s evidence that, even for older students and adults, completing assignments in longhand is a more cognitively (认知地) involved process, leading to better processing of ideas and more original work. Meanwhile, research on foreign-language learners has found that handwriting is associated with improvements in some measure of accuracy and comprehension. Handwriting requires you to put a filter on what you’re producing in a way that typing doesn’t. When you’re writing by hand, you need to know what you want to say before you begin. If you don’t, you’ll have to cross things out or start over. Typing on a computer requires far less forethought. It is less challenging for the brain-and challenging the brain is central to education itself. A return to handwritten essays wouldn’t be easy on teachers, who might have to reduce the length of assignments or allocate (分配) extra class time for completion. They’d also have the burden of reading text that wasn’t neatly turned out by a word processor. But some might find all that preferable to being constantly suspicious (猜疑的) that they’re being outsmarted by a computer program. When health issues forced the German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche to abandon his pen in favor of a typewriter, a change occurred in his writing style, which one scholar later described as a departure from “sustained argument and prolonged reflection” to a “telegram style. ” Our writing tools work on our thoughts. Ensuring that today’s students have more than one writing tool might pay off in ways experts are only beginning to grasp. ChatGPT and other AI-powered technologies will win only if we agree to play on their home territory. 27. How can handwriting benefit students? A. It enhances brain engagement. B. It guarantees accurate comprehension. C. It creates networks for communication. D. It facilitates the assessment of information. 28. What does the underlined phrase “put a filter on” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Carefully screen. B. Passively accept. C. Objectively assess. D. Gradually discover. 29. What factor may lead teachers to resist the idea of handwritten assignments? A. The risk of weakened concentration. B. The fear of being outsmarted by AI. C. The trouble of marking untidy work. D. The content of handwritten essays. 30. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. College education will be reformed by ChatGPT B. Handwriting will replace typing due to ChatGPT C. Handwritten essays can help teachers defeat ChatGPT D. College teachers return to longhand to battle ChatGPT 第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读补全。根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余项。 Reading is an exercise for the mind. It is good for our vocabulary and literacy skills, teaching us math or science concepts and helping us learn history. ____31____ Have you read a story and felt tears well up because of a character’s suffering? If so, that is because you have empathy (共情) for the character. Empathy is a magic eye that sees into other people’s hearts and it can be learned through various fictions. Research shows that human brains react differently to stories and facts. Many more areas of your brain light up when you’re enjoying a story, and your brain thinks you are in the story. ____32____ Empathy helps you to read people’s emotions and work out the best way to respond. This skill, called emotional intelligence (EI), can make it easier to communicate and connect with people. ____33____ One study found that people who read the Harry Potter novels, which tell stories about humans fighting against the evil, were less likely to behave unfairly towards powerless groups including refugees (难民). _____34_____ After reading The Boy at the Back of the Class, a story about a boy who is a refugee escaping from the war, students in St Michael’s High School were inspired to do a 10-mile walk for the non-profit organization Refugee Action. Their empathy also stimulated them to raise £1,000 for people who were forced to leave their homes because of war. Reading encourages us to empathise with others, which could potentially lead to several beneficial outcomes. Not only are we more likely to engage in helpful behaviors when we feel empathy for other people, but others are also more likely to help us when they experience empathy. _____35_____ A. Apart from those, reading has another benefit. B. In a way, all this increases our ability to read well. C. This theory of EI has been put into practice in schools. D. This permits people to understand the emotions that others are feeling. E. This means you experience the characters’ thoughts as if they were real. F. Research shows that building this intelligence can lead to greater tolerance. G. For society to develop, communicative and empathetic individuals really matter. 四、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 For a little girl growing up in Colombia in the 1980s, a science career with NASA may have seemed like setting foot on a faraway planet. ___36___, Diana Trujill has made it — she is a(n) ___37___ now, leading a 45-person team that’s responsible for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover. Born in 1983, even as a young girl, Diana was certain of her passion for science. When she was 17, her dad offered to send her to Miami, Florida to study Aerospace Engineering. Without any ___38___, she followed her dad’s ___39___. Arriving in the U.S. with just $300, Trujillo had to ___40___ through school by doing a series of housekeeping jobs. The ___41___ was definitely not easy, but Trujillo never complained. Then came another ___42___ moment for Trujillo. One of her professors casually mentioned an astronaut they were acquainted with. ___43___ she was “just one person away from knowing an astronaut” was all it took to ___44___ Trujillo’s career goals. So she ____45____ her studies in space science and ____46____ became the first Hispanic (拉丁裔的) woman to be admitted to the NASA Academy in 2007. Since then, Trujillo has worn many hats at America’s space agency. But Diana hasn’t ____47____ there. She also leads by example, ____48____ women to pursue careers in STEM fields. Her own story is a ____49____ that just beyond that barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to ____50____ the stars. 36. A. Therefore B. Instead C. However D. Moreover 37. A. astronaut B. engineer C. pilot D. doctor 38. A. hesitation B. complaint C. expectation D. promise 39. A. command B. footstep C. request D. suggestion 40. A. go B. pass C. struggle D. push 41. A. mission B. career C. adventure D. process 42. A. risk-taking B. life-changing C. time-consuming D. energy-saving 43 A. Realizing B. Remembering C. Imagining D. Assuming 44. A. record B. share C. inspire D. finish 45. A. started B. abandoned C. suspended D. continued 46. A. immediately B. eventually C. gradually D. suddenly 47. A. left B. succeeded C. stopped D. reached 48. A. encouraging B. promising C. allowing D. persuading 49. A. symbol B. notice C. warning D. reminder 50 A. stare at B. reach for C. long for D. come after 第二部分非选择题(共50分+5分背书) 五、语篇词汇填空(共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分) 请用M2U3-M2U4中所学的单词或词组的正确形式填空(按中文释义、英文释义+ A 请用M2U3-M2U4中所学的单词或词组的正确形式填空(按中文释义、英文释义) In today’s digital age, the Internet has become a crucial part of our daily lives, offering plenty of opportunities for those who ____51____ (进入，填词组) it. It serves as an essential tool that allows people to ____52____ (跟踪，填词组) the latest development in various fields, ensuring they stay u____53____ (to give sb. the most recent information about sth.; to add the most recent information to sth.) with current events and knowledge. For many, the Internet has also become a source of ____54____ (inspire), enabling people from all walks of life to explore and discover new interest that may eventually shape their ____55____ (身份，填单词)。 One of the p____56____ (greater than usual; special) advantages of the Internet is its capacity to connect citizens across the globe, making it easier to share ideas and experiences. ____57____ (既然、由于，填词组) more people ____58____ (对……熟悉，填词组) its uses, the Internet has significantly influenced various aspects of society, including education, business, and even personal relationships. For instance, ____59____ (会议，填单词) which were once limited to physical attendance can now be accessed online, allowing a wider audience to ____60____ (受益于，填词组) the wealth of information shared, expand their knowledge, and ultimately, enrich their lives. B 请用M2U3-M2U4中所学的单词或词组的正确形式填空 In the heart of our society, history and tradition make up a treasure that ____61____(属于，填词组) every i ____62____ (a person considered separately rather than as part of a group), connecting us to our past and guiding our a ____63____ (a way of dealing with sb./sth. such as a problem or a task) to the future. We ____64____(被包围，填词组) various cultures and practices that, while sometimes ____65____ (puzzle) to outsiders, offer a deep insight into the collective ____66____ (成就，填单词) of humanity. Each tradition, rooted in the annals of history, ____67____ (坐落在，位于，填词组) the shared memory of communities, acting as a d____68____ (the act of protecting sb./sth. from attack, criticism, etc.) against the destruction values over time. ____69____(渴望，热切，填词组) preserve this heritage, guardians of tradition are ____70____ (负责，填词组) passing down stories, rituals, and customs to our future generations. The announcements of cultural festivals and the daily practice of age-old customs serve as reminders of where we come from and the journey that has shaped us. 六、语篇语法填空(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 If you look around your city, you might spot people wearing hanfu in subways or on the streets. A new trend is taking hold in China - guochao, or “China-chic”. According to a report ____71____ (publish) recently, a large number of searches related to guochao on Dianping, a lifestyle information platform, ____72____ (conduct) at home and abroad over the past few years. China-chic is happening, but what is it? ____73____ has been confirmed that China-chic came under the spotlight in 2018. During the 2018 New York Fashion Week, Li-Ning introduced its Wu Dao collection which ____74____ (inspire) by Taoism. The collection not only had a striking look, but it also included elements of traditional Chinese culture. So attractive was the collection ____75____ the company recorded 20 percent revenue growth in 2018. It was the first time that the brand’s revenue ____76____ (hit) the-10-billion-yuan mark since its founding. Now, the guochao trend is moving to the next stage ____77____ its success will rely first and foremost, ____78____ gaining cultural confidence rather than Western recognition. No matter ____79____ the guochao trend develops, there’s one thing that won’t change: The passion comes from people’s positive attitude toward the country’s development and their ____80____ (grow) confidence in national culture, said Yao Linqing, a professor in the School of Economics and Management at Communication University of China. 七、短文写作(满分20分，其中内容和语言占15分，字体占5分) 81. Arno, an American student from Vacaville Christian School, one of ZhiXin High School’s sister schools, writes to you that he is going to visit Guangzhou next month. To help him gain a better understanding of Guangzhou and make his visit more enjoyable, please write him a letter introducing the city. Write on ANSWER SHEET a letter of about 100words. You are to write in three parts: In the first part give a brief introduction of Guangzhou; In the second part, introduce the city from two or three specific aspects; In the third part, express your expectation on his arrival. 评价标准：请按题目要求完成写作，内容合理丰富、结构清晰、语言表达准确、书写工整。 Dear Arno, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 广东省执信中学2024-2025学年高一下学期3月月考英语试题 二、单项选择(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 1. With too many revisions, she decided to ______ the letter and start over again. A. throw up B. bring up C. tear up D. keep up 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于修改次数太多，她决定撕掉这封信并重新开始。A. throw up呕吐；B. bring up抚养；C. tear up撕毁，撕碎；D. keep up保持。根据“start over again”可知，因为修改太多，所以决定重新开始，可推知，她是想把信撕掉重写。故选C。 2. After the power ______, I spent the night reading by candlelight. A. went through B. went up C. went out D. went by 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：停电后，我在烛光下读了一夜书。A. went through经历；B. went up上升；C. went out熄灭，出去；D. went by经过。根据后文“I spent the night reading by candlelight”指停电了，应用go out。故选C。 3. As winter vacations ______, school-age children begin the mad scramble to fulfill their winter reading obligations. A. keep at B. draw to a close C. come out D. pay off 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着寒假接近尾声，学龄儿童开始疯狂地完成他们的冬季阅读义务。A. keep at坚持；B. draw to a close接近结束；C. come out出版；D. pay off成功。根据后文“school-age children begin the mad scramble to fulfill their winter reading obligations.”可知，寒假接近尾声。故选B。 4. He found he could no longer cope with his ______ job after a two-month rest. A. inclusive B. underlying C. demanding D. possible 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：休息两个月后，他发现自己再也无法应付这份要求高的工作了。A. inclusive包容广阔的；B. underlying根本的；C. demanding要求高的； D. possible可能的。结合could no longer cope with可知，休息过久对工作生疏，应该是无法应付这份要求高的工作。故选C项。 5. John made ______ few mistakes ______ he won the first place. A. so; that B. too; to C. such; as D. such; that 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：约翰犯的错误很少，所以他得了第一名。此处为so/such...that...引导的结果状语从句，名词mistake前有few时，只能用副词so修饰。故选A。 6. He ______ as a waiter for five years, but now he is running his own restaurant. A. has been served B. has served C. had served D. served 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：他当了五年的服务员，但现在他经营着自己的餐馆。根据后文but now he is running his own restaurant.可知空出描述的是过去的动作，用一般过去时。故选D。 7. With his arms ______, George stood there silently and listened to what the reporter______ carefully. A. folding; was saying B. folded; being said C. folding; being said D. folded; was saying 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：乔治双臂交叉，静静地站在那里，仔细地听着记者说的话。空1处是with的复合结构，表状态。arms（手臂）与fold（交叉）的关系为被动（手臂被交叉），需用过去分词folded作宾补；空2为谓语动词，需用主动语态，且动作与主句listened同时发生，用过去进行时was saying。故选D。 8. They had the machine ______ all day and all night to complete the task on time. However, they can do nothing but have the work ______ now because the machine broke down. A. worked; interrupt B. working; interrupt C. working; interrupted D. worked; interrupted 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们让机器日夜不停地工作以按时完成任务。然而，由于机器出了故障，他们只能让工作停下来。第一个空格处表示“让机器持续工作的状态”，have sb./sth. doing表示“让某人一直干某事，使某物处于某种状态”，强调动作的持续性，the machine与work“工作”之间是主动且进行的关系，因此使用现在分词作宾语补足语。 第二空处描述了因为机器故障导致工作不得不被中断的情况。have sth. done表示“使某事被做”，the work与interrupt“打断”之间是被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选C。 9. It is necessary that measures ______ to solve the problems ______ by water pollution. A. be taken; caused B. should be taken; are caused C. should take; caused D. are taken; are caused 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查虚拟语气和过去分词。句意：有必要采取措施解决水污染造成的问题。固定句型It is necessary that表示“有必要……”，that引导主语从句，应用虚拟语气，谓语动词为should do，should可省略；动词短语take measures表示“采取措施”，故第一个空应用被动语态，可填should be taken或be taken；第二个空应为非谓语动词，作后置定语，修饰名词“problems”，cause为动词，表示“造成、引起”，与“problems”之间应为被动关系，表示“被水污染造成的问题”，故应用过去分词caused。故选A。 10. On no account ______ to anyone who works in the company. A. should my name mentioned B. my name should mention C. should my name be mentioned D. my name should be mentioned 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查被动语态和部分倒装。句意：我的名字绝对不能被公司里的任何人提起。空格处是句中谓语，名字是被提起，should是情态动词，其后跟be done，On no account意为“绝不”，位于句首，句子部分倒装，即将情态动词should提前到主语前面，因此空格处是should my name be mentioned。故选C。 11. In the reading room, we found her ______ at a desk, with her attention ______ on a novel named All is Well. A. sitting; fixing B. seated; fixed C. seating; fixing D. to sit; fixed 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在阅览室里，我们发现她坐在课桌旁边，她关注着她的小说。这里sb be seated, 本句为过去分词作宾语补足语；fix one’s attention on关注着，这里第二空是with的复合结构，attention与fix是被动关系。综合选项，故选B。 12. Great changes ______ in my hometown and a lot of factories ______ in the past 20 years. A. have taken place; have been set up B. have taken place; were set up C. have been taken place; have been set up D. have been taken place; were set up 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：在过去的20年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化，建立了许多工厂。动词短语take place表示“发生”，为不及物动词短语，无被动语态，故第一个空应用have taken place；set up表示“建立”，根据时间状语“in the past 20 years”可知，表示从过去到现在已经完成的动作，应用现在完成时，故应为have been set up。故选A。 13. As time ______, Jan as well as her friends ______ the convenience of the Internet. A goes by; enjoy B. going by; enjoy C. going by; enjoys D. goes by; enjoys 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：随着时间的推移，Jan和她的朋友们都享受到了互联网的便利。as引导时间状语从句，陈述客观事实，为一般现在时。as well as连接的主语，谓语动词单复数，与as well as之前的主语保持一致。本句与Jan保持一致，谓语动词为单数。故选D项。 14. In the past, there ______ large amounts of land ______ China. A was; belongs to B. were; belonging to C. were; belongs to D. was; belonging to 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查主谓一致和非谓语动词。句意：过去，有大量的土地属于中国。根据in the past可知，句子为一般过去时；there be句型中主语large amounts of land是复数概念，谓语动词应用复数形式；第二空作后置定语修饰land，belong to“属于”没有被动语态，故用现在分词作定语。故选B。 15. The nursery, ______ Mrs. White, ______150 dollars a week. A. in charge of; is charged B. in the charge of; is charged C in charge of; charges D. in the charge of; charges 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查短语辨析和动词用法。句意：托儿所由怀特太太负责，每周收费150美元。in charge of“负责，掌管”，主语通常是人，in the charge of“由……负责/掌管”，主语通常是物，本句主语The nursery指物，第一空使用in the charge of；charge作动词意为“收费，要价”，托儿所作为主语，应该是主动地收取费用，所以用charges作谓语动词，charge 150 dollars表示“收费150美元”。故选D。 三、阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) A Connected to each other like never before, young people today are becoming agents of change, increasingly contributing to innovative solutions that improve people’s lives and the planet’s health. The United Nations Institute for Training and Research is therefore delighted to launch the Young Leaders Online Training Programme, a four-week e-Learning course, to provide participants with the knowledge and skills to fully unfold their potential as global leaders. ◆CONTENT ◇Online Learning Modules Module 1: The United Nations (3-9 June 2024) Module 2: Conference Diplomacy (外交) (10-16 June 2024) Module 3: Sustainable Development Goals (17-23 June 2024) Module 4: International Communication (24-30 June 2024) Each module will comprise about 30 pages of literature, external links, videos, and other relevant material, corresponding to a total workload of 40-45 hours during the four weeks. ◇Live Components Each e-Learning module will go with a series of live meetings with UN experts. These will have varying lengths and formats, including e-workshops, mock (模拟的) interviews, etc. ◆COMPLETION REQUIREMENTS Participants are qualified for a course certificate upon successful completion of the components below: ◇Reading the four modules’ content. You may wish to study the material through the interactive programme Articulate Storyline or simply download the PDF version of the content. They are identical in content and are meant to give participants flexibility in the way to study. ◇Participation in the discussion board forums (论坛). You are supposed to answer questions on every module in short texts. Your posts will be evaluated according to both quantity and quality. ◇Passing the multiple-choice assessments. Each module features an assessment quiz at its end. It contains 10 questions, and passing the module requires at least 8 out of 10 questions correctly answered. 16. What is the main aim of the course? A. To improve the lives of young people. B. To connect the youth around the world. C. To collect innovative ideas from young people. D. To build up the youth’s global leadership ability. 17. What will participants do in each module? A. Read great works of literature. B. Spend 40-45 hours on learning. C. Make videos for the United Nations. D. Have online meetings with UN experts. 18. To get a course certificate, a participant needs to ______. A. take part in the discussions B. post questions on each module C. copy the PDF version of the content D. answer all the test questions correctly 【答案】16. D 17. D 18. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了联合国训练研究所推出青年领袖在线培训计划，这是一个为期四周的电子学习课程，为参与者提供知识和技能，以充分发挥他们作为全球领导者的潜力。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“a four-week e-Learning course, to provide participants with the knowledge and skills to fully unfold their potential as global leaders. (为期四周的在线学习课程，为参与者提供知识和技能，以充分发挥他们作为全球领导者的潜力。)”可知，该课程的主要目标是培养青少年的全球领导能力。故选D。 【17题详解】 细节理解题。根据◇Live Components下面的“Each e-Learning module will go with a series of live meetings with UN experts. (每个电子学习模块都将伴随与联合国专家的一系列现场会议。)”可知，参与者将在每个模块中与联合国专家举行在线会议。故选D。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据◆COMPLETION REQUIREMENTS(完成要求)中的第二条“◇Participation in the discussion board forums (论坛). (参与讨论板论坛)”可知，为了获得课程证书，参与者需要参与讨论，故选A。 B Norman Lear, a genius producer and screenwriter, passed away on Tuesday in Los Angeles at the age of 101. “Lear’s hit comedy shows changed television forever,” said Darnel Hunt, a leading artist on TV. Lear grew up in an ordinary family in Connecticut, where an unexpected accident brought about his father’s business collapse. So he had to drop out of college and joined the army. In his late 20s, he moved to Los Angeles where he struggled hard for several years, selling furniture door to door. Later on, unsatisfied with his life, he eventually turned to writing for a nightclub comedy act. By 1971, when he was almost 50, Lear had produced and directed some shows, among which was the hit show All in the Family. In the beginning, it didn’t get on the air smoothly. However, once it did, this show made it to the top 10 for eight of its nine seasons, promising Lear’s life was to change. This successful show was just the beginning of Lear’s dominating position in comedy shows. Then came The Jeffersons, about a family on its way up. It ran for eleven seasons, one of the longest running comedy shows on television, becoming another successful story. When interviewed about the hit of his shows, Lear said, “Our team read two or three newspapers a day, paid a lot of attention to our families, and came in to talk about everything that was affecting us in our daily lives.” Therefore, it came as no surprise that viewers had a sense of Lear’s own family after watching All in the Family. “Routinely, Lear’s shows might get fifty or sixty million viewers. He was in direct contact with the living rooms and families of the country,” says Marty Kaplan, founding director of the Norman Lear Center. “Lear did everything with humor and sympathy.” 19. What can we learn about Lear from the first two paragraphs? A. He led a challenging life in his twenties. B. His shows had little impact on television. C. His father expected him to be a screenwriter. D. He received good education despite his father’s business failure. 20. Which factor may contribute to the success of Lear’s shows? A. His shows reflected real daily life. B. His shows featured surprise endings. C. His shows go on the air immediately. D. His shows dominated the comedy industry. 21. What can we infer from Marty Kaplan’s words in the last paragraph? A. Lear promoted his shows to families directly. B. Lear won widespread popularity for his shows. C Lear carried out face-to-face interactions with viewers. D. Lear always focuses on the themes of humor and sympathy. 22. Where is this text probably taken from? A. A comedy script. B. A story collection. C. A literature review. D. A news report. 【答案】19. A 20. A 21. B 22. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了天才制片人和编剧Norman Lear去世的消息，并回顾了他的生平，介绍了他创作的喜剧所取得的巨大成功。 【19题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Lear grew up in an ordinary family in Connecticut, where an unexpected accident brought about his father’s business collapse. So he had to drop out of college and joined the army. In his late 20s, he moved to Los Angeles where he struggled hard for several years, selling furniture door to door. (Lear在康涅狄格州的一个普通家庭长大，一场意外事故导致他父亲的生意破产。所以他不得不从大学退学去参军。在他快三十岁的时候，他搬到了洛杉矶，在那里他努力奋斗了几年，挨家挨户地卖家具)”可知，Lear成长于普通家庭，因父亲生意破产而从大学退学去参军，快三十岁时得靠着卖家具努力挣钱。由此可知，他二十多岁时过着充满挑战的生活。故选A项。 【20题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“When interviewed about the hit of his shows, Lear said, “Our team read two or three newspapers a day, paid a lot of attention to our families, and came in to talk about everything that was affecting us in our daily lives.” (在被采访到他的节目大受欢迎时，Lear说：“我们的团队每天读两三份报纸，非常关注我们的家庭，并讨论影响我们日常生活的一切事情。”)”可知，Lear的节目创作团队关注报纸上的新闻、自己的家庭、日常生活中的一切。由此可知，他的节目反映了真实的日常生活，这一点有助于节目的成功。故选A项。 【21题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段Marty Kaplan所说的话“Routinely, Lear’s shows might get fifty or sixty million viewers. He was in direct contact with the living rooms and families of the country (Lear的节目通常会吸引五六千万观众。他与这个国家的客厅和家庭直接接触)”可知，Lear创作的节目观众非常多，他与观众建立了紧密的联系。由此推知，Lear因节目而广受欢迎。故选B项。 【22题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Norman Lear, a genius producer and screenwriter, passed away on Tuesday in Los Angeles at the age of 101. (天才制片人和编剧Norman Lear周二在洛杉矶去世，享年101岁)”可知，文章主要报道了天才制片人和编剧Norman Lear去世的消息，并以此简要回顾了他的生平经历，介绍了他创作的喜剧所取得的巨大成功。因此，文章应该出自新闻报道。故选D项。 C A good gift is one that is more valuable for the recipient than it is for the giver. But most gifts destroy value rather than create it. Think of the Christmas-tree-shaped cookie jar that cost your aunt 530 but is worth considerably less than zero to you, posing a moral conundrum (难题): Do you throw it right into the trash or wait a couple of months? The economist Joel Waldfogel calls this discrepancy the “deadweight loss” of gifts, and estimates that, on average, it is from 10 percent to a third of a gift’s price. One explanation for the deadweight loss is a mismatch between desirability and feasibility. Consider n gadget that is useful (high disability) but difficult to set up and time-consuming to use (low feasibility). Scholars have found that givers usually focus on desirability, and receivers are more aware of feasibility. Your friend who bought you a fancy wearable fitness tracker probably thought it was a really cool and helpful gift; to you, it seems like a massive headache to figure out, requires an app download and a monthly fee, and offers data that will either make you feel terrible about yourself or turn into a life-ruining obsession. That’s why it is still sitting in your drawer in its original package. Another happiness-killing mismatch can occur between the receiver’s initial reaction and their long-term satisfaction. As Anna Goldfarb noted in The Atlantic a few weeks ago, givers tend to look for “reaction-maximizing gifts” (such as the wife’s over-the-top response to the car) as opposed to “satisfaction-maximizing gifts.” Once the giver is not present to see the receiver’s reaction, the receiver might not actually be that excited about socks with her best friend’s face on them. Someone looking for a big reaction might be tempted to buy a wildly expensive gift, which poses its own emotional problems. In the worst cases, they may even be trying to exert dominance over you, or manipulate you into doing them a favor later. Either way, receiving a gift that’s too nice might make you feel guilty. According to one 2019 survey from CompareCards, 46 percent of respondents felt guilty for being unable to give a gift worth as much as the one they received. In truth, the biggest benefit to most gift giving is to the giver herself. Generosity is truly a way to buy happiness. As my colleague Michael Norton and his co-authors showed in the journal Science in 2008, although spending money on oneself is weakly related to happiness, spending money on others significantly rises the giver’s well-being. Neuroscientists have shown that charitable giving to others engages the reward system, inducing pleasure in one of the same ways that alcohol and certain drugs do. (Maybe this is the real reason Santa is so jolly.) 23. What does “deadweight loss” of gifts in para.1 refer to? A. The value the gift creates rather than destroys. B. The money the giver spends on a meaningful gift C. The good-will and thoughtfulness of the gift giver. D. The loss of the gift value in the eyes of the receiver. 24. How would the receiver describe the ‘fancy wearable fitness tracker’ as a gift? A. Fashionable and practical. B. Unfriendly and upsetting. C. Desirable and satisfactory. D. Expensive and unworthy. 25. What makes the receiver not excited about socks printed with her best friend’s face? A. That the giver is not present to see the receiver’s reaction. B. That the receiver was expecting something wildly expensive. C. Thot the giver is confused about what gift brings satisfaction. D. That the receiver was expecting something he/she truly wants. 26. Which of the following best describes the main idea of this article? A. It is in giving that givers receive. B. Gift-giving is in most cases a win-win situation. C. The greatest gift you can give is your time and attention. D. Presents are generally terrible, but they can still bring you joy. 【答案】23. D 24. B 25. D 26. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述送礼者认为很有价值的东西可能对于接受者却没有什么价值，文章解释了其原因，最后指出大多数礼物的最大好处是给送礼者自己，为他人花钱能显著提高给予者的幸福感。 23题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Think of the Christmas-tree-shaped cookie jar that cost your aunt 530 but is worth considerably less than zero to you, posing a moral conundrum (难题): Do you throw it right into the trash or wait a couple of months? The economist Joel Waldfogel calls this discrepancy the ‘deadweight loss’ of gifts, and estimates that, on average, it is from 10 percent to a third of a gift’s price.(想想那个圣诞树形状的饼干罐，它花了你阿姨530美元，但对你来说却不值多少钱，这就产生了一个道德难题：你是直接把它扔进垃圾桶，还是等上几个月？经济学家Joel Waldfogel将这种差异称为礼物的‘无谓损失’，他估计，平均而言，这种差异是礼物价格的10%到三分之一)”可知，送礼者认为很有价值的东西在接受者看来没什么价值，故“无谓损失”是指礼物在接受者眼中的价值损失。故选D。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“to you, it seems like a massive headache to figure out, requires an app download and a monthly fee, and offers data that will either make you feel terrible about yourself or turn into a life-ruining obsession. That’s why it is still sitting in your drawer in its original package.(对你来说，这似乎是一个非常头疼的问题，需要下载应用程序并按月付费，而且提供的数据要么会让你对自己感觉糟糕，要么会变成一种毁掉生活的痴迷。这就是为什么它仍然原封不动地放在你的抽屉里)”可知，收到一个漂亮的可穿戴健身追踪器对接受者来说是一个头疼的问题，所以接受者可能认为它不友好且令人心烦。故选B。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“As Anna Goldfarb noted in The Atlantic a few weeks ago, givers tend to look for “reaction-maximizing gifts” (such as the wife’s over-the-top response to the car) as opposed to ‘satisfaction-maximizing gifts.’ Once the giver is not present to see the receiver’s reaction, the receiver might not actually be that excited about socks with her best friend’s face on them.(正如Anna Goldfarb布几周前在《大西洋月刊》上指出的那样，送礼者倾向于寻找‘反应最大化的礼物’（比如妻子对汽车的过度反应），而不是‘满意度最大化的礼物’。一旦送礼者不在现场，看不到收礼者的反应，收礼者可能就不会对印着她最好朋友头像的袜子感到兴奋了)”可知，送礼者倾向于寻找“反应最大化的礼物”，而不是“满意度最大化的礼物”，所以收礼者不会对印着她最好朋友头像的袜子感到兴奋，是因为这不是“满意度最大化的礼物”，即不是收礼者真正想要的礼物，故选D。 【26题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“A good gift is one that is more valuable for the recipient than it is for the giver. But most gifts destroy value rather than create it.(好的礼物对接受者来说比送礼者更有价值。但大多数礼物都是破坏价值而不是创造价值)”及最后一段中“Neuroscientists have shown that charitable giving to others engages the reward system, inducing pleasure in one of the same ways that alcohol and certain drugs do.(神经科学家已经证明，对他人的慈善捐赠会激活奖励系统，以与酒精和某些药物相同的方式产生愉悦感)”可知，文章主要讲述送礼者认为很有价值的东西可能对于接受者却没有什么价值，文章解释了其原因，最后指出大多数礼物的最大好处是给送礼者自己，为他人花钱能显著提高给予者的幸福感，故D项“礼物通常很糟糕，但是它们仍然能给你带来快乐”能够总结本文大意。故选D。 D The release of ChatGPT has caused more than a little worry about its ability to produce credible pieces of writing. “The College Essay Is Dead, ” some people declared. That’s unlikely. There are obvious workarounds. For example, students wouldn’t benefit from ChatGPT if they were required to write out essays by hand. A return to handwritten essays could benefit students in a way. For instance, neuroscience research has revealed that the act of handwriting is very different from punching letters on a keyboard. Handwriting requires precise motor skills that stimulate greater activity in a broader group of brain regions when compared with typing and engage the brain in ways that researchers have linked to learning and memory improvements. Handwriting forces those areas responsible for memory and learning to communicate with each other, which helps form networks that facilitate the recall and acquisition of new information. Much of the research has focused on children or younger students. But there’s evidence that, even for older students and adults, completing assignments in longhand is a more cognitively (认知地) involved process, leading to better processing of ideas and more original work. Meanwhile, research on foreign-language learners has found that handwriting is associated with improvements in some measure of accuracy and comprehension. Handwriting requires you to put a filter on what you’re producing in a way that typing doesn’t. When you’re writing by hand, you need to know what you want to say before you begin. If you don’t, you’ll have to cross things out or start over. Typing on a computer requires far less forethought. It is less challenging for the brain-and challenging the brain is central to education itself. A return to handwritten essays wouldn’t be easy on teachers, who might have to reduce the length of assignments or allocate (分配) extra class time for completion. They’d also have the burden of reading text that wasn’t neatly turned out by a word processor. But some might find all that preferable to being constantly suspicious (猜疑的) that they’re being outsmarted by a computer program. When health issues forced the German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche to abandon his pen in favor of a typewriter, a change occurred in his writing style, which one scholar later described as a departure from “sustained argument and prolonged reflection” to a “telegram style. ” Our writing tools work on our thoughts. Ensuring that today’s students have more than one writing tool might pay off in ways experts are only beginning to grasp. ChatGPT and other AI-powered technologies will win only if we agree to play on their home territory. 27. How can handwriting benefit students? A. It enhances brain engagement. B. It guarantees accurate comprehension. C. It creates networks for communication. D. It facilitates the assessment of information. 28. What does the underlined phrase “put a filter on” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Carefully screen. B. Passively accept. C. Objectively assess. D. Gradually discover. 29. What factor may lead teachers to resist the idea of handwritten assignments? A. The risk of weakened concentration. B. The fear of being outsmarted by AI. C. The trouble of marking untidy work. D. The content of handwritten essays. 30. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. College education will be reformed by ChatGPT B. Handwriting will replace typing due to ChatGPT C. Handwritten essays can help teachers defeat ChatGPT D. College teachers return to longhand to battle ChatGPT 【答案】27. A 28. A 29. C 30. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。ChatGPT的发布引起了人们对其撰写可信文章的能力的担忧，在某种程度上，手写论文的回归可能对学生有益，这有助于老师打败ChatGPT。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Handwriting requires precise motor skills that stimulate greater activity in a broader group of brain regions when compared with typing and engage the brain in ways that researchers have linked to learning and memory improvements.(手写需要精确的运动技能，与打字相比，它能在更广泛的大脑区域激发更大的活动，并以研究人员认为与学习和记忆改善有关的方式调动大脑)”可知，书写能增强大脑的参与。故选A项。 【28题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词前文“Meanwhile, research on foreign-language learners has found that handwriting is associated with improvements in some measure of accuracy and comprehension. Handwriting requires you…(与此同时，对外语学习者的研究发现，书写与提高某种程度的准确性和理解力有关。书写要求你……)”及后文“in a way that typing doesn’t. When you’re writing by hand, you need to know what you want to say before you begin. If you don’t, you’ll have to cross things out or start over. Typing on a computer requires far less forethought.(在某种程度上，打字是做不到的。当你手写的时候，你需要在开始之前知道你想说什么。如果你不这样做，你将不得不划掉一些东西或重新开始。在电脑上打字需要的预见性要少得多)”可知，书写要求在写之前要想清楚，而打字是不需要的，put a filter on与carefully screen意思相近，意思为：仔细筛选，过滤。故选A项。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“A return to handwritten essays wouldn’t be easy on teachers, who might have to reduce the length of assignments or allocate extra class time for completion. They’d also have the burden of reading text that wasn’t neatly turned out by a word processor.(对老师来说，回到手写论文的时代并不容易，他们可能不得不减少作业的长度或分配额外的课堂时间来完成作业。他们还得负担阅读文字处理软件处理得不整齐的文本)”可知，老师们抵制手写作业的想法可能是因为给不整齐的作业做标记太麻烦。故选C项。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The release of ChatGPT has caused more than a little worry about its ability to produce credible pieces of writing.(ChatGPT的发布引起了人们对其撰写可信文章的能力的担忧)”；文章第二段“A return to handwritten essays could benefit students in a way.(在某种程度上，手写论文的回归可能对学生有益)”；文章倒数第二段“But some might find all that preferable to being constantly suspicious that they’re being outsmarted by a computer program.(但有些人可能会发现，这一切都比一直怀疑自己被电脑程序打败要好)”和文章最后一段“Our writing tools work on our thoughts. Ensuring that today’s students have more than one writing tool might pay off in ways experts are only beginning to grasp. ChatGPT and other AI-powered technologies will win only if we agree to play on their home territory.(我们的写作工具作用于我们的思想。确保今天的学生拥有不止一种写作工具，可能会以专家们刚刚开始掌握的方式获得回报。只有当我们同意在ChatGPT和其他人工智能技术的主场比赛时，它们才会获胜)”及全文内容可知，本文介绍了手写论文比起用ChatGPT来创作论文的好处，文章鼓励学生用手写论文，C项“手写论文可以帮助老师打败ChatGPT”符合本文主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选C项。 第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读补全。根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余项。 Reading is an exercise for the mind. It is good for our vocabulary and literacy skills, teaching us math or science concepts and helping us learn history. ____31____ Have you read a story and felt tears well up because of a character’s suffering? If so, that is because you have empathy (共情) for the character. Empathy is a magic eye that sees into other people’s hearts and it can be learned through various fictions. Research shows that human brains react differently to stories and facts. Many more areas of your brain light up when you’re enjoying a story, and your brain thinks you are in the story. ____32____ Empathy helps you to read people’s emotions and work out the best way to respond. This skill, called emotional intelligence (EI), can make it easier to communicate and connect with people. ____33____ One study found that people who read the Harry Potter novels, which tell stories about humans fighting against the evil, were less likely to behave unfairly towards powerless groups including refugees (难民). _____34_____ After reading The Boy at the Back of the Class, a story about a boy who is a refugee escaping from the war, students in St Michael’s High School were inspired to do a 10-mile walk for the non-profit organization Refugee Action. Their empathy also stimulated them to raise £1,000 for people who were forced to leave their homes because of war. Reading encourages us to empathise with others, which could potentially lead to several beneficial outcomes. Not only are we more likely to engage in helpful behaviors when we feel empathy for other people, but others are also more likely to help us when they experience empathy. _____35_____ A. Apart from those, reading has another benefit. B. In a way, all this increases our ability to read well. C. This theory of EI has been put into practice in schools. D. This permits people to understand the emotions that others are feeling. E. This means you experience the characters’ thoughts as if they were real. F. Research shows that building this intelligence can lead to greater tolerance. G. For society to develop, communicative and empathetic individuals really matter. 【答案】31. A 32. E 33. F 34. C 35. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了阅读对我们的词汇和读写能力有好处，同时阅读还可以增强人们的同理心。 【31题详解】 根据上文“Reading is an exercise for the mind. It is good for our vocabulary and literacy skills, teaching us math or science concepts and helping us learn history.(读书是脑力的锻炼。它对我们的词汇和读写能力有好处，教我们数学或科学概念，帮助我们学习历史)”以及后文“Have you read a story and felt tears well up because of a character’s suffering? If so, that is because you have empathy (共情) for the character. Empathy is a magic eye that sees into other people’s hearts and it can be learned through various fictions.(你是否读过一个故事，因为一个人物的痛苦而热泪盈眶？如果是这样，那是因为你对这个角色共情。同理心是一只神奇的眼睛，可以看到别人的内心，它可以通过各种小说来学习)”可知，后文提到了阅读可以培养共情能力，结合上文说明了阅读对词汇和读写能力有好处可知本句是过渡句，引出后文阅读的另一个好处。故A选项“除了这些，阅读还有另一个好处”符合语境，故选A。 【32题详解】 根据上文“Research shows that human brains react differently to stories and facts. Many more areas of your brain light up when you’re enjoying a story, and your brain thinks you are in the story.(研究表明，人类大脑对故事和事实的反应是不同的。当你在欣赏一个故事时，你的大脑会有更多的区域被激活，你的大脑会认为你就在这个故事中)”可知，上文提到欣赏故事的时候，大脑会认为你就在这个故事中，由此可知，本句是对上文的进一步解释，指出在故事之中可以体会到的情感和想法。故E选项“这意味着你可以体验到角色的想法，就好像他们是真实的一样”符合语境，故选E。 【33题详解】 根据上文“Empathy helps you to read people’s emotions and work out the best way to respond. This skill, called emotional intelligence (EI), can make it easier to communicate and connect with people.(同理心可以帮助你读懂别人的情绪，并找出最好的回应方式。这种技能被称为情商（EI），可以让你更容易与人沟通和联系)”以及后文“One study found that people who read the Harry Potter novels, which tell stories about humans fighting against the evil, were less likely to behave unfairly towards powerless groups including refugees (难民).(一项研究发现，读过《哈利波特》系列小说的人不太可能对包括难民在内的弱势群体做出不公平的行为。《哈利波特》讲述了人类与邪恶作斗争的故事)”可知，上文提到了同理心被称为情商，有助于和人沟通和联系，后文用研究发现读过《哈利波特》系列小说的人不太可能对包括难民在内的弱势群体做出不公平的行为进行了论证，故本句指出同理心对人的积极影响。故F选项“研究表明，培养这种智力可以带来更大的容忍度”符合语境，故选F。 【34题详解】 根据本段内容“After reading The Boy at the Back of the Class, a story about a boy who is a refugee escaping from the war, students in St Michael’s High School were inspired to do a 10-mile walk for the non-profit organization Refugee Action. Their empathy also stimulated them to raise £1,000 for people who were forced to leave their homes because of war.(在阅读了《教室后面的男孩》后，圣迈克尔高中的学生受到启发，为非营利组织“难民行动”进行了10英里的步行活动。这本书讲述了一个逃离战争的男孩的故事。他们的同情心也促使他们为那些因战争而被迫离开家园的人筹集了1000英镑)”可知，本段主要说明了圣迈克尔高中的学生在阅读了《教室后面的男孩》后，进行了10英里的步行活动，并且为人们筹集善款，可知同情心理论被付诸了实践。故C选项“这种情商理论已经在学校中付诸实践”符合语境，故选C。 【35题详解】 根据上文“Reading encourages us to empathise with others, which could potentially lead to several beneficial outcomes. Not only are we more likely to engage in helpful behaviors when we feel empathy for other people, but others are also more likely to help us when they experience empathy.(阅读鼓励我们同情他人，这可能会带来一些有益的结果。当我们对他人感同身受时，我们不仅更有可能做出有益的行为，而且当他人感同身受时，他们也更有可能帮助我们)”可知，上文提到了同理心对个人的影响，本句为本段最后一句，故强调具有同理心的个人对社会发展的影响。故G选项“为了社会的发展，善于沟通和善解人意的个人真的很重要”符合语境，故选G。 四、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 For a little girl growing up in Colombia in the 1980s, a science career with NASA may have seemed like setting foot on a faraway planet. ___36___, Diana Trujill has made it — she is a(n) ___37___ now, leading a 45-person team that’s responsible for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover. Born in 1983, even as a young girl, Diana was certain of her passion for science. When she was 17, her dad offered to send her to Miami, Florida to study Aerospace Engineering. Without any ___38___, she followed her dad’s ___39___. Arriving in the U.S. with just $300, Trujillo had to ___40___ through school by doing a series of housekeeping jobs. The ___41___ was definitely not easy, but Trujillo never complained. Then came another ___42___ moment for Trujillo. One of her professors casually mentioned an astronaut they were acquainted with. ___43___ she was “just one person away from knowing an astronaut” was all it took to ___44___ Trujillo’s career goals. So she ____45____ her studies in space science and ____46____ became the first Hispanic (拉丁裔的) woman to be admitted to the NASA Academy in 2007. Since then, Trujillo has worn many hats at America’s space agency. But Diana hasn’t ____47____ there. She also leads by example, ____48____ women to pursue careers in STEM fields. Her own story is a ____49____ that just beyond that barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to ____50____ the stars. 36. A. Therefore B. Instead C. However D. Moreover 37. A. astronaut B. engineer C. pilot D. doctor 38. A. hesitation B. complaint C. expectation D. promise 39. A. command B. footstep C. request D. suggestion 40. A. go B. pass C. struggle D. push 41. A. mission B. career C. adventure D. process 42. A. risk-taking B. life-changing C. time-consuming D. energy-saving 43. A. Realizing B. Remembering C. Imagining D. Assuming 44. A. record B. share C. inspire D. finish 45. A. started B. abandoned C. suspended D. continued 46. A. immediately B. eventually C. gradually D. suddenly 47. A. left B. succeeded C. stopped D. reached 48. A. encouraging B. promising C. allowing D. persuading 49. A. symbol B. notice C. warning D. reminder 50. A. stare at B. reach for C. long for D. come after 【答案】36. C 37. B 38. A 39. D 40. C 41. D 42. B 43. A 44. C 45. D 46. B 47. C 48. A 49. D 50. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了哥伦比亚长大的Diana Trujill克服重重困难，成为了美国宇航局的一名工程师，领导着团队负责火星探测器的机械臂的故事。 【36题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，Diana Trujill做到了——她现在是一名工程师，领导着一个45人的团队，负责最新火星探测器的机械臂。A. Therefore因此；B. Instead相反；C. However然而；D. Moreover此外。根据上文“For a little girl growing up in Colombia in the 1980s, a science career with NASA may have seemed like setting foot on a faraway planet.”和下文“Diana Trujill has made it”可知，对于Diana Trujill这样身份的女性来说，在美国宇航局从事科学事业是不可及的事情，但她却做到了，上下文构成转折关系，应用However“然而”衔接。故选C。 【37题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，Diana Trujill做到了——她现在是一名工程师，领导着一个45人的团队，负责最新火星探测器的机械臂。A. astronaut宇航员；B. engineer工程师；C. pilot飞行员；D. doctor医生。根据下文“leading a 45-person team that’s responsible for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover”“to study Aerospace Engineering”可知，Diana Trujill领导着团队负责最新火星探测器的机械臂，而且学的是航空航天工程，因此她应该是一名工程师。故选B。 【38题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她毫不犹豫地听从了父亲的建议。A. hesitation犹豫；B. complaint抱怨；C. expectation期望；D. promise承诺。根据上文“Born in 1983, even as a young girl, Diana was certain of her passion for science.”可知，还是个小女孩的时候，Diana就对科学充满了热情，因此她会毫不犹豫地接受父亲提出的想法，固定短语without hesitation意为“毫不犹豫地”。故选A。 【39题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她毫不犹豫地听从了父亲的建议。A. command命令；B. footstep脚步；C. request请求；D. suggestion建议。根据上文“her dad offered to send her to Miami, Florida to study Aerospace Engineering”可知，此处指父亲提出的送她去学习航空航天工程的建议。故选D。 【40题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：刚到美国时身上只有300美元，Trujill不得不通过做一系列家政工作来艰难地完成学业。A. go去；B. pass通过；C. struggle挣扎；D. push推动。根据上文“with just $300”和“by doing a series of housekeeping jobs”可知，Trujill当时经济比较困难，得做很多家政工作来赚钱，由此可知，她是艰难地完成了学业，固定短语struggle through意为“艰难地度过”。故选C。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个过程绝对不容易，但Trujill从不抱怨。A. mission任务；B. career职业；C. adventure冒险；D. process过程。根据上文“Arriving in the U.S. with just $300, Trujillo had to ___5___ through school by doing a series of housekeeping jobs.”可知，此处指Trujill通过打工赚钱来完成学业的过程。故选D。 【42题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：接着，Trujill又经历了另一个改变人生的时刻。A. risk-taking冒险的；B. life-changing改变人生的；C. time-consuming耗时的；D. energy-saving节能的。根据下文“___8___ she was “just one person away from knowing an astronaut” was all it took to ___9___ Trujillo’s career goals.”可知，Trujill由此更坚定地追求自己的职业目标，因此是经历了另一个改变人生的时刻。故选B。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：意识到自己“离认识宇航员只有一个人的距离”，这激励了Trujill的职业目标。A. Realizing意识到；B. Remembering记住；C. Imagining想象；D. Assuming假定。根据上文“One of her professors casually mentioned an astronaut they were acquainted with.”和下文“she was “just one person away from knowing an astronaut””可推知，教授不经意提到的事情让她意识到了自己离认识宇航员其实很近。故选A。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：意识到自己“离认识宇航员只有一个人的距离”，这激励了Trujill的职业目标。A. record记录；B. share分享；C. inspire激励；D. finish完成。根据上文“she was “just one person away from knowing an astronaut””可知，自己离认识宇航员其实很近这样的想法会激励Trujill的职业目标，让她继续努力学习。故选C。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，她继续学习空间科学，并最终在2007年成为第一位被美国宇航局学院录取的西班牙裔女性。A. started开始；B. abandoned放弃；C. suspended暂停；D. continued继续。根据上文“to study Aerospace Engineering”和下文“became the first Hispanic (拉丁裔的) woman to be admitted to the NASA Academy in 2007”可知，Trujill一开始学的就是空间科学相关的专业，后来她真的被美国宇航局学院录取了，因此她是继续学习这个专业。故选D。 【46题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，她继续学习空间科学，并最终在2007年成为第一位被美国宇航局学院录取的西班牙裔女性。A. immediately立即地；B. eventually最终地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. suddenly突然地。根据上文叙述的Trujill克服经济困难，努力完成学业，以及在教授不经意提到的事情的启发下，继续学习可推知，此处指这个过程的结局是她最终成为第一位被美国宇航局学院录取的西班牙裔女性。故选B。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但Diana并没有就此止步。A. left离开；B. succeeded成功；C. stopped停止；D. reached到达。根据下文“She also leads by example”可知，Diana还做了其他的事情，因此是并没有就此停止。故选C。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她还以身作则，鼓励女性在STEM领域从事工作。A. encouraging鼓励；B. promising承诺；C. allowing允许；D. persuading劝说。根据上文“She also leads by example”可知，Diana在以身作则，因此是通过自己的故事来鼓励女性在STEM领域从事工作。故选A。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她自己的故事提醒我们，在这个障碍之外，整个宇宙的机会都在等待着任何愿意努力工作去摘星星的人。A. symbol象征；B. notice通知；C. warning警告；D. reminder提醒。根据上文叙述的在哥伦比亚长大的Diana Trujill克服重重困难，成为了美国宇航局的一名工程师可推知，她的故事给予我们的是正面的提醒，告诉我们努力可以助力实现梦想。故选D。 【50题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她自己的故事提醒我们，在这个障碍之外，整个宇宙的机会都在等待着任何愿意努力工作去摘星星的人。A. stare at盯着；B. reach for伸手够；C. long for渴望；D. come after跟随。根据上文“lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to”可推知，此处是用Trujill追寻太空梦的故事激励追寻梦想的人，想要伸手去够星星的人，只要努力工作，就有大量的机会实现梦想。故选B。 第二部分非选择题(共50分+5分背书) 五、语篇词汇填空(共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分) 请用M2U3-M2U4中所学的单词或词组的正确形式填空(按中文释义、英文释义+ A 请用M2U3-M2U4中所学的单词或词组的正确形式填空(按中文释义、英文释义) In today’s digital age, the Internet has become a crucial part of our daily lives, offering plenty of opportunities for those who ____51____ (进入，填词组) it. It serves as an essential tool that allows people to ____52____ (跟踪，填词组) the latest development in various fields, ensuring they stay u____53____ (to give sb. the most recent information about sth.; to add the most recent information to sth.) with current events and knowledge. For many, the Internet has also become a source of ____54____ (inspire), enabling people from all walks of life to explore and discover new interest that may eventually shape their ____55____ (身份，填单词)。 One of the p____56____ (greater than usual; special) advantages of the Internet is its capacity to connect citizens across the globe, making it easier to share ideas and experiences. ____57____ (既然、由于，填词组) more people ____58____ (对……熟悉，填词组) its uses, the Internet has significantly influenced various aspects of society, including education, business, and even personal relationships. For instance, ____59____ (会议，填单词) which were once limited to physical attendance can now be accessed online, allowing a wider audience to ____60____ (受益于，填词组) the wealth of information shared, expand their knowledge, and ultimately, enrich their lives. 【答案】51. have access to 52. keep track of 53. updated 54. inspiration 55. identities 56. particular 57. Now that 58. are familiar with 59. conferences 60. benefit from 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了互联网对我们生活的好处。 【51题详解】 考查时态。句意：在今天的数字时代，互联网已经成为我们日常生活的重要组成部分，为那些进入互联网的人提供了很多机会。该空定语从句谓语，根据汉语意思“进入，填词组”可知此处为动词短语have access to，描述现状，所以用一般现在时态，从句主语who指代先行词those，所以谓语为动词原形，故填have access to。 【52题详解】 考查动词原形。句意：它是一个重要的工具，可以让人们跟踪各个领域的最新发展，确保他们随时跟踪最新事件和知识。allow sb. to do sth. (允许某人做某事)，根据汉语意思“跟踪，填词组”可知此处为动词短语keep track of，用动词原形，故填keep track of。 【53题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它是一个重要的工具，可以让人们跟踪各个领域的最新发展，确保他们随时跟踪最新事件和知识。to give sb. the most recent information about sth.; to add the most recent information to sth. (向某人提供关于某事的最新信息；向某物添加最新信息)，stay为系动词，所以用后跟形容词updated (最新的)作表语，故填updated。 【54题详解】 考查名词。句意：对许多人来说，互联网也成为了灵感的来源，使各行各业的人们能够探索和发现可能最终塑造他们身份的新兴趣。作介词of的宾语，所以用名词inspiration，为不可数名词，故填inspiration。 【55题详解】 考查名词。句意：对许多人来说，互联网也成为了灵感的来源，使各行各业的人们能够探索和发现可能最终塑造他们身份的新兴趣。根据汉语意思“身份，填单词”可知此处为可数名词identity，前面有their，所以用名词复数，故填identities。 【56题详解】 考查形容词。句意：互联网的一个特殊优势是它能够连接全球公民，使他们更容易分享想法和经验。greater than usual; special (很不同寻常；特别的)，形容词particular (特别的、不寻常的)作定语修饰名词advantages。故填particular。 【57题详解】 考查原因状语从句。句意：由于越来越多的人熟悉了它的用途，互联网已经对社会的各个方面产生了重大影响，包括教育、商业，甚至人际关系。根据汉语意思“既然、由于，填词组”可知此处为now that，引导原因状语从句，句首单词首字母大写，故填Now that。 【58题详解】 考查时态。句意：由于越来越多的人熟悉了它的用途，互联网已经对社会的各个方面产生了重大影响，包括教育、商业，甚至人际关系。根据汉语意思“对……熟悉，填词组”可知此处为形容词短语be familiar with，该空是从句谓语部分，描述现状，所以用一般现在时态，主语为名词复数，所以be动词为are，故填are familiar with。 【59题详解】 考查名词。句意：例如，曾经仅限于现场出席的会议现在可以在线访问，让更多的观众从共享的丰富信息中受益，扩展他们的知识，并最终丰富他们的生活。根据汉语意思“会议，填单词”可知此处为名词conference，作先行词（从句主语which替代先行词），根据定语从句中的谓语were limited to，主谓一致，该空为名词复数，故填conferences。 【60题详解】 考查动词原形。句意：例如，曾经仅限于现场出席的会议现在可以在线访问，让更多的观众从共享的丰富信息中受益，扩展他们的知识，并最终丰富他们的生活。allow sb. to do sth. (允许某人做某事)，根据汉语意思“受益于，填词组”可知此处为动词短语benefit from，用动词原形，故填benefit from。 B 请用M2U3-M2U4中所学的单词或词组的正确形式填空 In the heart of our society, history and tradition make up a treasure that ____61____(属于，填词组) every i ____62____ (a person considered separately rather than as part of a group), connecting us to our past and guiding our a ____63____ (a way of dealing with sb./sth. such as a problem or a task) to the future. We ____64____(被包围，填词组) various cultures and practices that, while sometimes ____65____ (puzzle) to outsiders, offer a deep insight into the collective ____66____ (成就，填单词) of humanity. Each tradition, rooted in the annals of history, ____67____ (坐落在，位于，填词组) the shared memory of communities, acting as a d____68____ (the act of protecting sb./sth. from attack, criticism, etc.) against the destruction values over time. ____69____(渴望，热切，填词组) preserve this heritage, guardians of tradition are ____70____ (负责，填词组) passing down stories, rituals, and customs to our future generations. The announcements of cultural festivals and the daily practice of age-old customs serve as reminders of where we come from and the journey that has shaped us. 【答案】61. belongs to 62. individual 63. approach 64. are surrounded by 65. puzzling 66. achievements 67. is located in 68. defense 69. Eager to 70. responsible for 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述历史和传统对社会及个人的重要意义。 【61题详解】 考查动词短语和时态。句意：在我们社会的核心，历史和传统构成了一份属于每个人的宝藏，将我们与过去联系起来，并指导我们走向未来的方式。根据汉语提示“属于”可知，此处应填belongs to，在that引导的定语从句中作谓语，主语that指代先行词a treasure，是单数，且句子描述的是一般事实，所以用一般现在时，空格处填入动词的第三人称单数形式。故填belongs to。 【62题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。根据英文释义“a person considered separately rather than as part of a group(一个被单独考虑而不是作为群体一部分的人)”以及首字母“i”可知，此处应填individual，意为 “个人”，前面有every修饰，用单数形式。故填individual。 【63题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。根据英文释义“a way of dealing with sb./sth. such as a problem or a task(处理某人或某事，如问题或任务的一种方式)”以及首字母“a”可知，此处应填 approach，意为“方法；方式”，此处特指走向未来的方式，用单数形式，构成短语 approach to“……的方法”。故填approach。 【64题详解】 考查动词短语和时态。句意：我们被各种各样的文化和习俗所包围，这些文化和习俗虽然有时对外人来说很令人困惑，但却能让我们深入了解人类的集体成就。根据汉语提示“被包围”可知，此处应填be surrounded by，句子描述的是一般事实，用一般现在时，主语We是复数，所以be动词用are。故填are surrounded by。 【65题详解】 考查形容词。句意同上。while 引导的让步状语从句中省略了主语和be动词，完整形式为 while they are sometimes (puzzle) to outsiders，此处作表语，修饰they所指代的的“various cultures and practices”，指物，应用形容词puzzling，意为“令人困惑的”。故填puzzling。 【66题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。根据汉语提示“成就”以及语境“人类的集体成就”可知，此处应填名词achievement，为可数名词，结合空格前的形容词collective“集体的”可知应用复数形式表示泛指。故填 achievements。 【67题详解】 考查动词短语和时态。句意：每一种植根于历史记载的传统，都坐落在社区的共同记忆中，充当着抵御价值观随时间被破坏的保护屏障。根据汉语提示“坐落在，位于”可知，此处应填be located in，在句子中作谓语，主语Each tradition是单数，且句子描述的是一般事实，所以用一般现在时，空格处填入动词的第三人称单数形式，所以be动词用is。故填 is located in。 【68题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。根据英文释义“the act of protecting sb./sth. from attack, criticism, etc.(保护某人或某物免受攻击、批评等的行为)”以及首字母“d”可知，此处应填defense，意为“防御；保护”，前面有不定冠词a修饰，用单数形式。故填defense。 【69题详解】 考查固定词组。句意：为了保护这份遗产，传统的守护者们负责将故事、仪式和习俗传承给我们的子孙后代。根据汉语提示“渴望，热切”可知，此处应填eager to，此处是形容词短语作状语，be eager to do sth.表示 “渴望做某事”，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Eager to。 【70题详解】 考查固定词组。句意同上。根据汉语提示“负责”可知，此处应填responsible for，构成短语be responsible for doing sth.，意为“对某事负责”，在句子中作谓语。故填responsible for。 六、语篇语法填空(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 If you look around your city, you might spot people wearing hanfu in subways or on the streets. A new trend is taking hold in China - guochao, or “China-chic”. According to a report ____71____ (publish) recently, a large number of searches related to guochao on Dianping, a lifestyle information platform, ____72____ (conduct) at home and abroad over the past few years. China-chic is happening, but what is it? ____73____ has been confirmed that China-chic came under the spotlight in 2018. During the 2018 New York Fashion Week, Li-Ning introduced its Wu Dao collection which ____74____ (inspire) by Taoism. The collection not only had a striking look, but it also included elements of traditional Chinese culture. So attractive was the collection ____75____ the company recorded 20 percent revenue growth in 2018. It was the first time that the brand’s revenue ____76____ (hit) the-10-billion-yuan mark since its founding. Now, the guochao trend is moving to the next stage ____77____ its success will rely first and foremost, ____78____ gaining cultural confidence rather than Western recognition. No matter ____79____ the guochao trend develops, there’s one thing that won’t change: The passion comes from people’s positive attitude toward the country’s development and their ____80____ (grow) confidence in national culture, said Yao Linqing, a professor in the School of Economics and Management at Communication University of China. 【答案】71. published 72. have been conducted 73. It 74. was inspired 75. that 76. had hit 77. where 78. on 79. how 80. growing 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了中国“国潮”现象的兴起、发展及其背后的文化意义。 【71题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：根据最近发布的一份报告，过去几年，在生活资讯平台大众点评上，国内外都进行了大量与国潮相关的搜索。分析句子结构可知，第二空处是谓语，本空用非谓语动词，report和publish之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填published。 【72题详解】 考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：根据最近发布的一份报告，过去几年，在生活资讯平台大众点评上，国内外都进行了大量与国潮相关的搜索。由over the past few years可知，句子时态用现在完成时，searches和conduct之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用现在完成时的被动语态，主语a large number of searches是复数，因此空格处是have been conducted。故填have been conducted。 【73题详解】 考查代词。句意：经证实，中国风在2018年成为人们关注的焦点。“that China-chic came under the spotlight in 2018”是主语从句，空格处用it作形式主语，位于句首的单词首字母大写，因此空格处是It。故填It。 【74题详解】 考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：在纽约时装周2018期间，李宁品牌推出了以道教文化为灵感的“悟道”系列。由by可知，句子用被动语态，由During the 2018 New York Fashion Week可知，句子描述过去的事情，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，which指代的先行词Wu Dao collection是单数，因此空格处是was inspired。故填was inspired。 【75题详解】 考查结果状语从句。句意：这个系列非常吸引人，以至于该公司在2018年的收入增长了20%。根据语境可知，句子表示“这个系列非常吸引人，以至于该公司在2018年的收入增长了20%”，句子用so...that...引导的结果状语从句，且句子用了倒装，因此空格处是that，故填that。 【76题详解】 考查时态。句意：这是该品牌自成立以来首次实现营收突破100亿元大关。It was the first time that sb. had done sth.是固定句型，意为“这是某人第一次做某事”，因此空格处用had hit。故填had hit。 【77题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：现在，国潮趋势正在进入下一个阶段，它的成功将首先依赖于获得文化自信，而不是西方的认可。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词stage是抽象地点，因此空格处用where引导定语从句，故填where。 【78题详解】 考查介词。句意：现在，国潮趋势正在进入下一个阶段，它的成功将首先依赖于获得文化自信，而不是西方的认可。rely on是固定短语，意为“依赖”，因此空格处用介词on，故填on。 【79题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句意：中国传媒大学经管学院教授姚林青指出：无论国潮趋势如何发展，有一点始终不变——这股热潮的根源，在于民众对国家发展的积极态度以及对民族文化日益增长的自信。根据语境可知，句子表示“无论国潮趋势如何发展，有一点始终不变——这股热潮的根源，在于民众对国家发展的积极态度以及对民族文化日益增长的自信”，空格处意为“如何”，用how，no matter how意为“无论如何”，引导让步状语从句，故填how。 【80题详解】 考查形容词。句意：中国传媒大学经管学院教授姚林青指出：无论国潮趋势如何发展，有一点始终不变——这股热潮的根源，在于民众对国家发展的积极态度以及对民族文化日益增长的自信。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词confidence，grow的形容词是growing，意为“日益增长的”。故填growing。 七、短文写作(满分20分，其中内容和语言占15分，字体占5分) 81. Arno, an American student from Vacaville Christian School, one of ZhiXin High School’s sister schools, writes to you that he is going to visit Guangzhou next month. To help him gain a better understanding of Guangzhou and make his visit more enjoyable, please write him a letter introducing the city. Write on ANSWER SHEET a letter of about 100words. You are to write in three parts: In the first part, give a brief introduction of Guangzhou; In the second part, introduce the city from two or three specific aspects; In the third part, express your expectation on his arrival. 评价标准：请按题目要求完成写作，内容合理丰富、结构清晰、语言表达准确、书写工整。 Dear Arno, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Arno, I’m thrilled to hear you’re visiting Guangzhou next month! Guangzhou, a vibrant metropolis in southern China, is a city full of life and culture. As the capital of Guangdong Province, it’s a melting pot of cultures, offering a unique blend of traditional and modern elements. Specifically, Guangzhou boasts stunning landmarks like the Canton Tower and Chen Clan Ancestral Hall, which reflect its blend of modernity and heritage. Its food, especially dim sum and roasted meats, is a must-try for any visitor. Moreover, the city’s vibrant nightlife and shopping districts make it a true entertainment hub. I’m really looking forward to seeing you here and showing you around this amazing city. Have a great journey! Best regards, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国朋友Arno写一封回信，向他介绍广州市并表达对他到来的期待。 【详解】1.词汇积累 兴奋的：thrilled→excited 令人惊叹的：stunning→amazing 提供：offer→provide 此外：moreover→in addition 2.句式拓展 简答句变复合句 原句：Guangzhou, a vibrant metropolis in southern China, is a city full of life and culture. 拓展句：Guangzhou, which is a vibrant metropolis in southern China, is a city full of life and culture. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m thrilled to hear you’re visiting Guangzhou next month!（运用了that引导的宾语从句，that被省略） 【高分句型2】Specifically, Guangzhou boasts stunning landmarks like the Canton Tower and Chen Clan Ancestral Hall, which reflect its blend of modernity and heritage. （运用了which引导非限定性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $