内容正文:
Module1-5常考点和易错点
考点1.What a delicious smell!多好闻的味道啊!
what/how引导的感叹句
what通常用来感叹名词,how通常用来感叹形容词或副词。其常见结构:
What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数(+主谓结构)!
What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词(+主谓结构)!
How+形容词/副词(+主谓结构)!
How+主语+谓语!
What a fresh spring morning it is! 这是一个多么清新的春日早晨啊!(重庆中考A卷)
What interesting stories they are!它们是多么有趣的故事啊!
How wonderful the movie is! 这部电影真精彩啊!(株洲中考)
How time flies!Our middle school life is coming to an end. 光阴似箭!我们的中学生活就要结束了。(海南中考)
拓展what和how引导的感叹句有时可相互转换。
What a clean classroom it is!→How clean the classroom is!多么干净的教室呀!
What beautiful flowers they are! →How beautiful the flowers are!多么漂亮的花呀!
考点2 Would you like/love to do sth.?你想要做某事吗?
该句型用于向对方有礼貌地提出建议或发出邀请。其肯定回答通常用"Yes, I'd like/love to.",否定回答通常用"I'd like/love to, but..."。
—Would you like/love to play football with me? 你想要和我一起踢足球吗?
—Yes, I'd like/love to. 是的,我愿意。
—Would you like to go to the cinema with me?你想和我一起去看电影吗?
—I'd like/love to, but I'm too busy.我想去,但我太忙了。
拓展"Would you like+名词/代词?"表示"你想要……吗?",用于客气地询问某人是否需要某物,其肯定回答通常用"Yes, please.",否定回答通常用"No, thanks."。在该句型中,表示"一些"或"某物"时,常用some或something表示希望能得到对方的肯定回答。
—Would you like some coffee?你想喝点儿咖啡吗?
—Yes, please./No, thanks. 好的,谢谢。/不用了,谢谢。
考点3 have a try(n.尝试;努力) 尝一尝;试试看
Maybe you can make it. Why not have a try?也许你可以做到,为什么不试一下呢?
拓展 try还可作动词,意为"试图;努力",常用结构:
try one's best (to
do sth.)
"尽某人最大努力(做某事)",与do one's best (to do sth.)同义。
He'll try his best to work hard so that he can catch up with his classmates. 他将尽最大努力学习以便能赶上他的同学。
try to do sth.
"努力做某事",表示努力去做,但不一定成功。
He tried to finish the work ahead of
time.他设法提前完成这项工作。
try doing
sth.
"尝试做某事",表示为了达到某种目的而尝试做做看。
Why not try riding a bike to school?
为什么不试着骑自行车去上学呢?
考点4 辨析thanks for与thanks to
thanks for
因……而感谢
thanks相当于thank you。
thanks to
幸亏,多亏
to为介词,后常接名词、代词或动词-ing;
thanks不可以改为thank you。
Thanks for lending me your umbrella.谢谢你把伞借给我。
Thanks to better health care, most people are living healthier and longer lives. 多亏了更好的医疗服务,大多数人活得更健康、更长寿。(聊城中考)
考点5 It(形式主语)+be+adj.+to do sth.(真正的主语)做某事是……的。
该句型中的形容词是对事物的特征或性质进行描述与说明的形容词。如easy、hard、important、necessary、interesting、exciting、possible等。有时也可在to do sth.前加for sb.,构成"It+be+adj.+for sb.+to do sth."结构,意为"做某事对某人来说是……的"。
It's important for us to protect the environment. 对我们来说保护环境很重要。
拓展 It+be+adj.+of sb.+to do sth."某人做某事是……的",在该句式中,形容词通常是描述人的性格、品质的,如kind、good、nice、clever等。
It's nice of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好了。
考点6 can't (可用can hardly替换)wait to do sth. 迫不及待地想做某事
can't wait也可单独使用。
A father bought a kite for his son. The son couldn't wait to fly it. 一位父亲给他的儿子买了一只风筝。儿子迫不及待地想放风筝。(安徽中考)
She could hardly wait to tell her father the news. 她迫不及待地想告诉她父亲这个消息。(黄冈中考)
Let's go to the Disneyland. I can't wait. 我们去迪士尼乐园吧,我等不及啦。
拓展can't help doing sth.=can't stop doing sth.,意为"忍不住做某事"。
I can't help thinking about that accident.我总忍不住想起那场事故。
考点7 辨析wear, dress, put on与(be) in
wear
意为"穿,戴",表示状态。指穿着衣服、鞋、袜或戴着手套、眼镜等,其宾语为衣物、饰品或奖章等。
dress
意为"给……穿衣服",指给自己或他人穿衣服。dress oneself/sb."给自己/某人穿衣服"。
put on
意为"穿,戴",表示动作。强调把衣服、鞋、袜穿上或把帽子、手套等戴上。
(be) in
意为"穿着",强调状态,后接衣物或颜色。
语境串记
The little girl put on her coat and went out. She was in a red hat and also wore a red scarf. I was very surprised that she could dress herself. 那个小女孩穿上外套出去了。她戴着一顶红色帽子,还围了一条红色围巾。我很吃惊她能自己穿衣服了。
考点8 辨析carry,take,bring与get
carry
强调"负重"或"搬运",不强调方向。
take
意为"取走;拿走",指把某人或某物从说话人处带到别处。
bring
意为"带来,取来",指把某物或某人从别处带到说话人处。
get
意为"去取(或带来)",指去某处将某人或某物从别处带到说话人处。强调来回。
—Do I have to carry the box? 我必须带那个箱子吗?
—Yes. I'll get it for you later. Take it with you, but don't forget to bring it back after school. 是的。稍后我去给你拿来。你带上它,但放学后不要忘了把它带回来。
考点9 辨析spend, pay, cost与take
spend
多指花费时间或金钱,主语多为人。
①spend+金钱/时间+on sth.在某事/物上花费金钱/时间
②spend+金钱/时间+doing sth.在做某事上花费金钱/时间
pay
指付费,主语多为人。
pay...for sth.为某物支付……
cost
指某物花费(某人)多少钱,主语为物。
sth. costs (sb.) some money某物花费(某人)多少钱
take
指做某事花费(某人)多少时间,主语通常为it(作形式主语)。
It takes sb. some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多少时间。
语境串记
It took me a long time to find this kind of bike. This bike cost me over 200 dollars but I was glad to pay for it. Now I can spend my weekends riding it for exercising. 找这种自行车花了我很长时间。这辆自行车花了我两百多美元,但我乐意买。现在,周末我就可以骑着它锻炼了。
考点10 辨析as well, too, also与either
Are they coming as well? 他们也来吗?
I like reading English, too.我也喜欢读英语。
He also came.他也来了。
I can't swim and my brother can't either. 我不会游泳,我哥哥也不会。
考点11“骄傲”的表达
I'm very proud of him! 我很为他感到自豪。
考点12.message/information/news
考点
词义
用法
message
(书面或口头的)信息、消息
可数名词,常用短语:
take a message for sb.(为某人捎口信);
leave a message(留口信)。
information
信息、消息、情报、资料(通过关注或搜索而获得的信息)
不可数名词,常用短语:
collect/receive/get information
(搜集/接受/获取信息)。
news
(电视、广播、报纸上)新闻、消息
不可数名词;常用短语:
a piece of news(一则消息)。
the latest news(最新消息)
考点13 good构成的常见短语:
be good for
对……有益
反义短语:be bad for"对……有害"。
be good to
对……友好
相当于be friendly/kind to,其后通常接人。
be good with
善于应付……的
其后通常接人。
Doing sports is good for your health.做运动对你的健康有益。
He was very good to me when I was ill.我生病时他对我关怀备至。
My grandfather likes kids very much and he is good with them.我爷爷很喜欢孩子,他对他们很有一套。
典例根据所给提示完成句子。
考点14辨析"What+do/does+sb./sth. look like?""What+be+sb./sth. like?"与"What+do/does+sb. like?"
What+do/does+sb./sth.
look like?
某人/物长什么样子?
用来询问某人/物的外貌或外部特征等。
What+be+sb./sth. like?
某人/物怎么样?
侧重询问某人的性格或事物的性质、特征等。
What+do/does+sb. like?
某人喜欢什么?
常用来询问某人的喜好。
—What does May look like? 梅长什么样?
—She is a pretty girl with big bright eyes and long straight hair. 她是一个长着明亮的大眼睛,留着长长的直发的漂亮女孩。
—What do they look like? 她们长什么样?
—They have long hair. 她们留着长发。
—What's he like?他是个什么样的人?
—He is friendly and kind.他友好善良。
—What does he like? 他喜欢什么?
—He likes swimming. 他喜欢游泳。
考点15competition /ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn/ n. 比赛;竞争
在此作可数名词,意为"比赛";它还可作不可数名词,意为"竞争"。
enter a competition参加比赛
hold a competition举办比赛
win/lose a competition赢得/输掉比赛
Who won the competition? 谁赢了这次比赛?
Let's have a competition (可数名词)to see who can manage money wisely. 我们来比赛一下,看谁会明智地理财。(扬州中考)
The company is facing lots of competition(不可数名词). 这家公司正面临着许多竞争。
语境串记
Competitors from 12 countries will compete for the first gold medal, so you can imagine how competitive the competition will be.来自12个国家的竞争者将会竞争第一块金牌,所以你可以想象比赛将会多么具有竞争性。
考点16dream /driːm/ n. 梦;梦想;梦寐以求的 v.做梦;梦到;梦想
(1)dream作名词的用法:
(2)dream还可作动词,意为"做梦;梦到;梦想",其过去式为dreamed或dreamt。
dream of/about doing sth.梦想做某事
dream+(that)从句 梦到……
The little girl dreamt of becoming a good ballet dancer.这个小女孩梦想成为一名优秀的芭蕾舞演员。(无锡中考)
I dreamt (that) I got a job. 我梦见自己得到了一份工作。
考点17 afford /əˈfɔːd/ v. (有财力)买得起,付得起
afford为及物动词,常与can、could、be able to连用,多用于否定句或疑问句。
His family was poor and his parents were not able to afford his art education.他的家庭很穷,父母负担不起他的艺术教育费用。(滨州中考)
We couldn't afford to go travelling this summer.今年夏天我们没有足够的钱去旅行。
考点18 think about 考虑
相当于think of。about和of都是介词,后接名词、代词、动词-ing形式或从句作宾语。think of还可意为"想出,想到",而think about无此用法。
I am thinking about traveling to Kunming. 我在考虑去昆明旅游。(昆明中考)
When we lose, think about what we did and how we can improve. 当我们失败的时候,考虑一下我们做了什么及我们如何改进。(河北中考)
I finally thought of a great idea — we can have a picnic at the park this weekend.我终于想出了一个好主意,我们这周末可以在公园里野餐。
拓展 think over意为"仔细考虑",后常接名词或代词作宾语。
Please think over my suggestion.=Please think my suggestion over. 请仔细考虑我的建议。(名词作宾语,放在think与over之间或over之后均可)
Let me think it over. 让我好好想一想。(代词作宾语,要放在think与over之间)
考点19 need v.需要
在此作实义动词,意为"需要"。常用结构:
Your eyes need everyday attention. 你的眼睛需要日常呵护。
He needs to have a rest.他需要休息一下。
My bike needs mending.我的自行车需要修理。
拓展(1)need还可作情态动词,没有人称和数的变化,其后接动词原形,常用于否定句或疑问句,意为"需要"。needn't意为"不必",相当于don't have to。
It's Sunday today. We needn't go to school.今天是周日,我们不必去上学。
—Need we go right now?我们现在就需要走吗?
—Yes, we need.是的,我们需要。/No, we needn't.不,我们不必。
(2)need还可作名词,意为"需要;短缺"。in need"在危难中;在贫困中"。
There is no need for you to get up early tomorrow. 你明天不必早起。
A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。
The charity aims to provide help to people in need.这个慈善机构的宗旨是向贫困者提供帮助。
考点20 invite /ɪnˈvaɪt/ v.邀请
作及物动词,常用结构:
I would like to invite him to dance with me.我想邀请他和我一起跳舞。
We'll invite our teacher to the New Year party next week.下周我们要邀请我们的老师来参加新年派对。
拓展invitation作"(口头或书面的)邀请;请柬"讲时,是可数名词;作
"邀请;受邀"讲时,为不可数名词。
I received an invitation to the party.我收到了参加聚会的邀请。
She attended the meeting at the invitation of Mr Wang.她应王先生之邀出席了此次活动。
语境串记
We should invite the foreign teacher to the party, and here is an invitation for her. 我们应该邀请外教来参加聚会,这是给她的请柬。
考点21 one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数 最……的……之一
She is one of the most popular teachers in our school. 她是我们学校最受欢迎的教师之一。
拓展"one of+可数名词复数或复数代词"(作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式)意为"……中的一个"。of后接名词时,该名词前一般有定冠词the或形容词性物主代词等修饰,以表示某一特定范围。
One of them is (单数)from Shanghai. 他们中有一个来自上海。
One of my friends speaks (单数)English very well. 我的一个朋友英语说得很好。
考点22 辨析have/has been to, have/has gone to与have/has been in
have/has been to
表示曾去过某地,现在已经回来。不能与表示一段时间的
状语连用,但可与表示次数的词语once、 twice、 three times等连用,表示"去过某地几次",也可与ever、never等连用。
have/has gone to
意为"已去某地",强调某人去了某地,正在路上或已经到达那里,现在不在说话处,通常主语为第三人称。
have/has been in
常与时间段连用,表示"在某地待了多长时间"。
I have been to Beijing. I went there last year. 我去过北京,是去年去的。
I have been to Hong Kong twice. 我去过香港两次。
My father has gone to Beijing. 我爸爸去北京了。(在去北京的路上或已到北京)
My father has been in Shanghai for a week.我爸爸已经在上海待了一周了。(现在还在上海)
考点23 find+it(形式宾语)+adj.+to do sth. (真正的宾语)发现做某事是……的
该结构可变为:find(that)+it is+adj.+to do sth.(此时it在宾语从句中作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的to do sth.)。
We find it important to protect the environment.=We find(that) it is important to protect the environment.我们发现保护环境很重要。
拓展除find外,动词think、feel等也有类似用法。
Do you think it important to learn English well? = Do you think it is important to learn English well? 你认为学好英语重要吗?
考点24 smell与taste、look、sound、feel
均为感官系动词,后常接形容词作表语,但表达的意义不同。其用法如下:
单词
含义
常搭配的词
sound
“听起来好像”
nice, good, funny, wonderful, relaxing等
smell
“闻起来”
fresh, nice, sweet等
look
“看上去”
young, old, beautiful等
taste
“有……味道”
delicious, sweet, salty等
feel
“摸起来”
soft, comfortable, smooth等
考点25 look forward to 盼望;期望
为动词短语,其中to为介词,后面常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。
We are looking forward to seeing you. 我们盼望着见到您。
考点26辨析find out, find与look for
find out
指"查明,弄清",强调通过观察、探索等发现事情的真相。
find
指"发现,找到",强调找的结果。
look for
指"寻找",强调找的动作,不一定能找到。
语境串记
My mobile phone is lost. I have looked for it everywhere, but I can't find it. Could you help me to find out where it is? 我的手机丢了,我到处找,但是没找到。你能帮我查明它在哪里吗?
考点27辨析yet与already
yet
常用于现在完成时的否定句或疑问句中,谈论尚未发生但可能发生的事。
already
常用于现在完成时的肯定句中,谈论已经发生的事。
语境串记
—Has Jim arrived yet? 吉姆已经到了吗?—Yes, he has arrived already. 是的,他已经到了。
典例1 Jenny has ________ fed the dog but she hasn't watered the flowers ________.
A.still; already B.already; yet C.yet; still D.yet; already
【解析】句意:珍妮已经喂过狗了,但还没有浇花。still"仍然";already"已经",常用于现在完成时的肯定句中;yet"还,尚",常用于现在完成时的疑问句或否定句中。根据句意可知,still不符合语境,排除A、C两项;前半句表示已经喂过狗了,为肯定句,故用already;根据hasn't可知后半句为否定句,故选B。
考点28辨析message,information与news
message
意为"消息;口信;信息", 作可数名词。
常指口头上或书面告知的消息。常用搭配:leave a message留言;take a message捎口信,记下留言。
information
意为"信息;消息",作不可数名词。
指通过各种途径得到的信息资料,强调内容, 不强调"新"。
news
意为"新闻;消息", 作不可数名词。
指发生不久的消息, 特别是报纸、广播、电视中发布的消息, 强调"新"。
语境串记
I have got some. .information from the Internet about the news. I'll leave a message. .for you. 我从网上得到了关于这则新闻的一些信息。我会给你留言。
考点29辨析That's why...与That's because...
That's
why...
意为"那就是……的原因",why引导表语从句,强调结果。
That's why doctors always advise us to cut down on sugar. 那就是医生总是建议我们少吃糖的原因。
That's
because
...
意为"那是因为……",because引导表语从句,强调原因。
He didn't come to school. That's because he was ill. 他没来上学。那是因为他病了。
考点30 辨析farther与further
两者都是far的比较级形式,都可以作形容词或副词,区别如下:
farther
作形容词,意为"(空间、方向或时间上)更远的,较远的";作副词,意为"更远,较远",主要指时间或空间上的更远。
further
作形容词,意为"更多的,更进一步的",表示程度;作副词,
意为"(距离或时间上)较远,更远;在更大程度上,进一步"。
A table stands at the farther end of the kitchen.厨房的那一头放着一张桌子。(作形容词)
Cook for a further 2 minutes.再煮2分钟。(作形容词)
He jumped farther(=further) than Mike.他跳得比迈克远。(作副词)
We need to study the project further.我们需要进一步研究这个项目。(作副词)
考点31辨析search for 与 search...for...
search for
意为"搜寻/搜索……",后跟要找的对象。
He searched for his keys in
his pockets.=He searched his
pockets for his keys. 他翻遍
了自己的口袋找钥匙。
search...for...
意为"为……而搜索……"。search后跟地点名词,for后跟搜索的目标。
考点32 hundreds of millions of 数以亿计的
hundreds of "成百上千的"
后均接可数名词复
数,表示概数
thousands of "数以千计的,成千上万的"
millions of "数以百万计的"
billions of "数以十亿计的"
考点33辨析none与no one
none
no one
意为"没有一人;没有一个;一点儿也没有",既可指人也可指物。是all的全部否定。
意为"没有人",用来指人,与nobody同义。
1."none of+可数名词复数/人称代词复数"作主
语时,谓语动词用单、复数形式皆可。
2."none of+不可数名词"作主语时,谓语动词
用单数形式。
3.强调数量,可用来回答how many/how much
的提问。
1.后不跟of短语,在句
中作主语时谓语动词用
单数形式。
2.不强调数量,可用来
回答who的提问。
None of us know(s) the news. 我们中没有一个人知道这个消息。
None of the money is his. 没有一分钱是他的。
—How many people are there in that room? 那个房间里有多少个人?
—None.一个人也没有。
—How much money did you give her? 你给了她多少钱?
—None. 一分也没给。
No one/Nobody knows the answer. 没有人知道答案。
—Who went to see the film? 谁去看电影了?
—No one./Nobody. 谁也没去。
考点34形容词/副词+enough+to do sth.
该结构意为"足够……可以做某事",其否定形式为"not+形容词/副词+enough+to do sth.",意为"不够……不可以做某事"。
Hurricane winds can be strong enough to break windows into pieces. 飓风的强度足以将窗户打碎。(苏州中考)
Jim isn't strong enough to carry the big box. 吉姆不够强壮,搬不动那个大箱子。
拓展"形容词/副词+enough+to do sth."的肯定形式通常可与"so...that..."结构相互转换,其否定句通常可与"too...to..."结构相互转换。
He's clever enough to get over many difficulties.=He's so clever that he can get over many difficulties.他很聪明,能够克服许多困难。
She is not old enough to go to school this autumn.=She is too young to go to school this autumn.她不够大,今年秋天还不能去上学。
特别提醒
(1) enough作形容词修饰名词时,通常放在名词前(也可以放在名词后)。
I have enough time to finish the work.我有足够的时间来完成这项工作。
(2) enough作副词修饰形容词或副词时,要放在所修饰词的后面。
The house isn't big enough for us.这房子对我们来说不够大。
用法分析as...as... 和……一样……
该结构表示肯定意义,用于同级比较,其中两个as之间要用形容词或副词的原级;其否定形式not as/so...as...意为"不如……(那样)……",表示否定意义。
He is as brave as his friend. 他和他的朋友一样勇敢。
Tom studies as hard as his elder brother. 汤姆和他的哥哥学习一样努力。(鞍山中考)
This story is not as/so interesting as that one. 这个故事不如那个故事有趣。
特别提醒
not as/so…as…可以和比较级进行转换。
I am not as/so tall as my brother. 我不如我哥哥高。
→I am shorter than my brother. 我比我哥哥矮。
→My brother is taller than me. 我哥哥比我高。
考点35辨析too much,too many 与 much too
易混短语
义项
中心词
用法
too much
太多
much
too much+不可数名词
too many
太多
many
too many+可数名词复数
much too
太;非常
too
much too+形容词或副词
When there is too much waste, our environment will become dirty. 当有太多的废物时,我们的环境就会变脏。(邵阳中考)
There are too many people in the park. 公园里的人太多了。
The house is much too expensive for me. I can't afford it. 这房子对我来说太贵了,我买不起。
考点36/helθ/ n. 健康(状况)
作名词,be in good/poor health表示 "身体好/不好"。
Although Zhang Guimei isn't in good health, she works hard to help her students. 尽管张桂梅身体不好,但她仍然努力帮助她的学生。(重庆中考B卷)
拓展 与health相关的词语:
语境串记
We must eat healthily to stay. .healthy, so get out of your unhealthy habits and don't eat or drink unhealthily from now on. 我们必须健康地饮食来保持健康,因此从现在开始改掉你不健康的习惯,不要不健康地吃喝了。
考点37辨析well 与 good
well
作形容词,意为"健康
的",通常作表语,表
示身体好。
比较级为better,
最高级为best。
You look very well. 你看上去
很健康。
good
作形容词,意为"好 的",既可作定语,也可作表语。
This is a good book.这是一本好书。
This book is good. 这本书很好。
拓展 well还可作副词,其常见用法有:
考点38辨析 sleepy 与 asleep
sleepy
意为"困的;想睡的",可作定语或表语。
The warmth of the fire made her feel sleepy. 暖洋洋的炉火使她昏昏欲睡。
asleep
意为"睡着的,睡熟的",
通常作表语。fall asleep "入睡,睡着"。
I always fall asleep quickly when I listen to soft music before bedtime.当我在睡前听轻柔的音乐时,我总
是很快入睡。
语境串记
She didn't sleep well last night, so she feels sleepy now. I think she will fall asleep soon. 她昨晚没睡好,所以她现在觉得很困。我想她很快就会睡着。
考点39 exercise /ˈeksəˌsaɪz/ v. 运动;锻炼
在此作不及物动词,意为"运动;锻炼"。
Stand up and exercise often to avoid neck and shoulder pain. 经常站起来运动,避免肩颈疼痛。(河南中考)
拓展 exercise 还可作名词,其含义及用法为:
意为"练习;习题;
一套动作"
可数名词
I have two exercises to do today. 今天我有两道习题要做。
do eye/morning exercises做眼保健操/早操
意为"运动,锻炼"
不可数名词
We should take some exercise every day.我们应当每天做些运动。
考点40
考点
词义及用法
例句
wear
表示“穿着,戴着”,是一种状态。宾语可以是衣服、鞋帽、眼镜、饰物等,也可以指留着什么样的头发、胡须等。
The old man wears a pair of glasses.老人戴着一副眼镜。
dress
表示“给……穿衣服”,后面一定接人。可以表示动作也可以表示状态。常用结构:dress oneself自己穿衣服;dress up打扮;be dressed in+衣服穿着。
Please dress the children right now.请立即给孩子们穿上衣服。
put on
表示“穿上”,强调穿戴的动作,后接衣服、鞋帽等。反义词组为take off(脱掉)。put on还有“体重增加”“上映”之意。
He put on his coat and went out.他穿上外套出去了。
be in
表示穿着的状态,后接衣服或颜色,着重于衣服的款式或颜色。
The man in black is a football coach.穿黑衣服的那个人是足球教练。
总结:表状态wear+衣服/鞋帽/配饰;be dressed in+衣服/颜色; be in+衣服/颜色。
表动作put on+衣服/鞋帽; dress+人。
考点41.辨析take part in、join、join in与attend
Our teacher is the coach, and she also takes part in the training with us. 我们的老师是教练,她也和我们一起参加训练。
attend
一般指出席会议、婚礼、上学等
join
一般指加入党派、组织或俱乐部并成为其中一员,如参军、入党等
join in
多指参加小规模的活动,如球赛、游戏等;join (sb.) in doing sth. “加入(某人)做某事”,有时可与take part in互换
take part in
指参加会议或者群众性的活动等,重在说明句子的主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用
考点42 as .... as
(1)as…as…结构,意为“和……一样”;其基本结构为:as+adj./ adv.+as。第一个as是副词,后接形容词或副词的原级,第二个as是连词,后面接比较状语从句。如:
This film is as interesting as that one.这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。
(2)not as/so…as结构,意为“不如……”。如:
This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think.这本字典不如你想象的那样有用。
(3)若有修饰成分,如twice,three times,half,a quarter等,则须置于第一个as之前。如:
Your bag is twice as expensive as mine.你的袋子比我的贵一倍。
【拓展】 关于as…as的常见句型:
as…as possible=as...as sb can/could尽可能……,
as…as usual/ before和往常/以前一样……,
as long as只要,as far as远至……,
as well as和……一样好/不但...而且...(就远原则)/除了...之外(还包括)=besides
考点43 since
考点
用法
since
since+过去一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1990、last month、half past six 等):I have been here since 1990.1990年起,我一直在这儿。
since+一段时间+ago:
I have been here since five months ago.自从五个月前,我已经在这儿了。
since+从句(一般过去时):
Changes have taken place since you left.自从你走后,已经发生了很大的变化。
It is/has been+一段时间+since从句(一般过去时):
=一段时间 has passed since从句(一般过去时)
It is two years since I became an English teacher.
=Two years has passed since I became an English teacher.
我成为英语老师有两年了。
for
for+时间段,用来说明动作延续时间长度,因此句中的谓语动词,也应该是延续性动词。
如:We have learnt English for about three years.我们学英语大约三年了。
注意:并非有for作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。试比较:
I worked here for more than twenty years.(我现在已不在这里工作。)
I have worked here for more than twenty years.(现在我仍在这里工作。)
考点44 watch
考点
用法
例子
watch
强调聚精会神地看,含有欣赏的意思,常用于看电视、看比赛、看电影等。
watch sb do/doing sth
watch TV
see
强调“看”的结果(看见);可用于看电影,看病,明白等。
see sb do/doing sth
see a film
read
强调“读”,指看书、看报纸或杂志等。
read the newspaper
look
强调看的动作,可单独使用;接宾语时需加上介词at;
作系动词意为“看起来”,接形容词作表语。
look at the blackboard
It's time句型
It's time to/for 均意为“是做……的时间了”。
●It's time to后接动词原形。
●It's time for后接名词/动名词。
考点45 keep doing sth. 继续做某事,一直做某事
相当于keep on doing sth.,指一直处于某种状态或持续某个动作。
Keep going towards our goals and we can much more easily make the progress we want.继续朝着我们的目标前进,我们会更容易取得我们想要的进步。
(1)keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事
It's not polite to keep other people waiting for you. 让别人一直等你是不礼貌的。
(2)keep sb./sth. from doing sth. 不让某人/某物做某事
The policeman kept the children from crossing the road when it was busy. 这位警察阻止了孩子们在交通繁忙时过马路。
考点46 否定前移
think后的从句省略了引导词that。当谓语动词是think、believe、expect、suppose等时,其后的宾语从句若为否定句,否定词要移至主句中,即否定主句的谓语动词,这种语法现象叫作"否定前移"。翻译成汉语时,要将否定的意义还原到从句中去。
I don't think he can come this evening. 我认为他今晚不会来。
特别提醒
涉及否定前移的只能是not, not以外的其他含有否定意义的词,如no、never、hardly、few、little、seldom等不必前移。
I believe that he makes few mistakes in the exam.我相信他在考试中几乎没有犯错。
考点47 can't help doing sth.忍不住做某事
固定结构,相当于can't stop doing sth.。
The boy couldn't help jumping as soon as the host announced he was the winner. 主持人一宣布这个男孩是获胜者,他就情不自禁地跳了起来。
考点48 protect v.保护(protection n.保护;防卫)
作动词,意为"保护"。protect...from...意为"保护……免受……的伤害",from后面常跟名词或动词-ing形式。
An umbrella will protect you from the rain.雨伞可以保护你不受雨淋。
Wearing a helmet can protect you from getting hurt.戴头盔可以防止你受伤。
考点49 expect /ɪkˈspekt/ v. 期盼;等待
(1)expect+名词/代词 期盼……
I'm expecting a fresh air and new ideas from her. 我期盼着她的新风貌和新想法。(武汉中考)
(2)expect to do sth. 期盼做某事(本句用法)
She expects to go to Beijing next year. 她期盼明年去北京。
(3)expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事
He expected Lucy to travel with him. 他期望露西同他一起去旅行。
expect作动词,还可意为"预料;预计"。"expect+that从句"意为"预料……",需要注意的是:当主句时态为一般现在时、从句为否定句时,需要"否定前移"。
I don't expect that you're right.我认为你不对。
考点50 invent /ɪnˈvent/ v. 发明;创造
invent的相关词语:
语境串记
Edison was a great inventor. He invented many things and had more than two thousand inventions in his life. 爱迪生是一位伟大的发明家。他发明了很多东西,一生拥有两千多项发明。
考点51 satisfy /ˈsætɪsfaɪ/ v. 满足;使满意
与satisfy相关的词语:
I am happy to be your guide these days. Are you satisfied with my service? 这些天我很高兴做你的导游。你对我的服务满意吗?
That is a satisfying experience for me.那对我来说是一次令人满意的体验。
My sister got great satisfaction from helping people to learn.我姐姐在帮助他人学习的过程中得到了很大的满足。
考点52 as well as也;还
常用来连接两个并列的成分,它通常强调前一项,后一项只是顺便提及。
He speaks Spanish as well as French. 他不但会讲法语,还会讲西班牙语。
特别提醒
as well as连接两个并列成分作主语时,句子的谓语动词要和as well as前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
Your brother as well as you is good at maths.你和你哥哥都擅长数学。(和Your brother在人称和数上保持一致)
拓展A as well as B的意思是"不但B,而且A",强调的是A,但not only A but also B意为"不但A,而且B",强调的是B。
She can dance as well as sing.=She can not only sing but also dance.她不但会唱歌,而且会跳舞。
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Module1-5常考点和易错点
考点1.What a delicious smell!多好闻的味道啊!
what/how引导的感叹句
what通常用来感叹名词,how通常用来感叹形容词或副词。其常见结构:
What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数(+主谓结构)!
What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词(+主谓结构)!
How+形容词/副词(+主谓结构)!
How+主语+谓语!
fresh spring morning it is! 这是一个多么清新的春日早晨啊!(重庆中考A卷)
interesting stories they are!它们是多么有趣的故事啊!
wonderful the movie is! 这部电影真精彩啊!(株洲中考)
time flies!Our middle school life is coming to an end. 光阴似箭!我们的中学生活就要结束了。(海南中考)
拓展what和how引导的感叹句有时可相互转换。
What a clean classroom it is!→ clean the classroom is!多么干净的教室呀!
What beautiful flowers they are! → beautiful the flowers are!多么漂亮的花呀!
考点2 Would you like/love to do sth.?你想要做某事吗?
该句型用于向对方有礼貌地提出建议或发出邀请。其肯定回答通常用"Yes, I'd like/love to.",否定回答通常用"I'd like/love to, but..."。
—Would you like/love to play football with me? 你想要和我一起踢足球吗?
—Yes, I'd like/love to. 是的,我愿意。
—Would you like to go to the cinema with me?你想和我一起去看电影吗?
—I'd like/love to, but I'm too busy.我想去,但我太忙了。
拓展"Would you like+名词/代词?"表示"你想要……吗?",用于客气地询问某人是否需要某物,其肯定回答通常用"Yes, please.",否定回答通常用"No, thanks."。在该句型中,表示"一些"或"某物"时,常用some或something表示希望能得到对方的肯定回答。
—Would you like some coffee?你想喝点儿咖啡吗?
— 好的,谢谢。/不用了,谢谢。
考点3 have a try(n.尝试;努力) 尝一尝;试试看
Maybe you can make it. Why not have a try?也许你可以做到,为什么不试一下呢?
拓展 try还可作动词,意为"试图;努力",常用结构:
try one's best (to
do sth.)
He'll try his best to work hard so that he can catch up with his classmates. 他将尽最大努力学习以便能赶上他的同学。
try to do sth.
He tried to finish the work ahead of
time.他设法提前完成这项工作。
try doing
sth.
Why not try riding a bike to school?
为什么不试着骑自行车去上学呢?
考点4 辨析thanks for与thanks to
thanks for
thanks相当于thank you。
thanks to
to为介词,后常接名词、代词或动词-ing;
thanks不可以改为thank you。
Thanks for lending me your umbrella.谢谢你把伞借给我。
Thanks to better health care, most people are living healthier and longer lives. 多亏了更好的医疗服务,大多数人活得更健康、更长寿。(聊城中考)
考点5 It(形式主语)+be+adj.+to do sth.(真正的主语)做某事是……的。
该句型中的形容词是对事物的特征或性质进行描述与说明的形容词。如easy、hard、important、necessary、interesting、exciting、possible等。有时也可在to do sth.前加for sb.,构成"It+be+adj.+for sb.+to do sth."结构,意为"做某事对某人来说是……的"。
It's important us to protect the environment. 对我们来说保护环境很重要。
拓展 It+be+adj.+of sb.+to do sth."某人做某事是……的",在该句式中,形容词通常是描述人的性格、品质的,如kind、good、nice、clever等。
It's nice you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好了。
考点6 can't (可用can hardly替换)wait to do sth. 迫不及待地想做某事
can't wait也可单独使用。
A father bought a kite for his son. The son couldn't wait to fly it. 一位父亲给他的儿子买了一只风筝。儿子迫不及待地想放风筝。(安徽中考)
She could hardly wait tell her father the news. 她迫不及待地想告诉她父亲这个消息。(黄冈中考)
Let's go to the Disneyland. I can't wait. 我们去迪士尼乐园吧,我等不及啦。
拓展can't help doing sth.=can't stop doing sth.,意为"忍不住做某事"。
I can't help about that accident.我总忍不住想起那场事故。
考点7 辨析wear, dress, put on与(be) in
wear
意为"穿,戴",表示状态。指穿着衣服、鞋、袜或戴着手套、眼镜等,其宾语为衣物、饰品或奖章等。
dress
意为"给……穿衣服",指给自己或他人穿衣服。dress oneself/sb."给自己/某人穿衣服"。
put on
意为"穿,戴",表示动作。强调把衣服、鞋、袜穿上或把帽子、手套等戴上。
(be) in
意为"穿着",强调状态,后接衣物或颜色。
语境串记
The little girl her coat and went out. She was in a red hat and also a red scarf. I was very surprised that she could herself. 那个小女孩穿上外套出去了。她戴着一顶红色帽子,还围了一条红色围巾。我很吃惊她能自己穿衣服了。
考点8 辨析carry,take,bring与get
carry
take
bring
get
—Do I have to carry the box? 我必须带那个箱子吗?
—Yes. I'll get it for you later. Take it with you, but don't forget to bring it back after school. 是的。稍后我去给你拿来。你带上它,但放学后不要忘了把它带回来。
考点9 辨析spend, pay, cost与take
spend
①spend+金钱/时间+on sth.在某事/物上花费金钱/时间
②spend+金钱/时间+doing sth.在做某事上花费金钱/时间
pay
pay...for sth.为某物支付……
cost
sth. costs (sb.) some money某物花费(某人)多少钱
take
It takes sb. some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多少时间。
语境串记
It me a long time to find this kind of bike. This bike me over 200 dollars but I was glad to pay for it. Now I can my weekends riding it for exercising. 找这种自行车花了我很长时间。这辆自行车花了我两百多美元,但我乐意买。现在,周末我就可以骑着它锻炼了。
考点10 辨析as well, too, also与either
Are they coming ? 他们也来吗?
I like reading English, .我也喜欢读英语。
He came.他也来了。
I can't swim and my brother can't . 我不会游泳,我哥哥也不会。
考点11“骄傲”的表达
I'm very proud of him! 我很为他感到自豪。
考点12.message/information/news
考点
词义
用法
message
可数名词,常用短语:
take a message for sb.(为某人捎口信);
leave a message(留口信)。
information
不可数名词,常用短语:
collect/receive/get information
(搜集/接受/获取信息)。
news
不可数名词;常用短语:
a piece of news(一则消息)。
the latest news(最新消息)
考点13 good构成的常见短语:
be good for
反义短语:be bad for"对……有害"。
be good to
相当于be friendly/kind to,其后通常接人。
be good with
其后通常接人。
Doing sports is good your health.做运动对你的健康有益。
He was very good me when I was ill.我生病时他对我关怀备至。
My grandfather likes kids very much and he is good them.我爷爷很喜欢孩子,他对他们很有一套。
典例根据所给提示完成句子。
考点14辨析"What+do/does+sb./sth. look like?""What+be+sb./sth. like?"与"What+do/does+sb. like?"
What+do/does+sb./sth.
look like?
用来询问某人/物的外貌或外部特征等。
What+be+sb./sth. like?
侧重询问某人的性格或事物的性质、特征等。
What+do/does+sb. like?
常用来询问某人的喜好。
—What does May look like? 梅长什么样?
—She is a pretty girl with big bright eyes and long straight hair. 她是一个长着明亮的大眼睛,留着长长的直发的漂亮女孩。
—What do they ? 她们长什么样?
—They have long hair. 她们留着长发。
— ?他是个什么样的人?
—He is friendly and kind.他友好善良。
— ? 他喜欢什么?
—He likes swimming. 他喜欢游泳。
考点15competition /ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn/ n. 比赛;竞争
在此作可数名词,意为"比赛";它还可作不可数名词,意为"竞争"。
enter a competition参加比赛
hold a competition举办比赛
win/lose a competition赢得/输掉比赛
Who won the competition? 谁赢了这次比赛?
Let's have a competition (可数名词)to see who can manage money wisely. 我们来比赛一下,看谁会明智地理财。(扬州中考)
The company is facing lots of competition(不可数名词). 这家公司正面临着许多竞争。
语境串记
from 12 countries will for the first gold medal, so you can imagine how the
will be.来自12个国家的竞争者将会竞争第一块金牌,所以你可以想象比赛将会多么具有竞争性。
考点16dream /driːm/ n. 梦;梦想;梦寐以求的 v.做梦;梦到;梦想
(1)dream作名词的用法:
(2)dream还可作动词,意为"做梦;梦到;梦想",其过去式为dreamed或dreamt。
dream of/about doing sth.梦想做某事
dream+(that)从句 梦到……
The little girl of becoming a good ballet dancer.这个小女孩梦想成为一名优秀的芭蕾舞演员。(无锡中考)
I (that) I got a job. 我梦见自己得到了一份工作。
考点17 afford /əˈfɔːd/ v. (有财力)买得起,付得起
afford为及物动词,常与can、could、be able to连用,多用于否定句或疑问句。
His family was poor and his parents were not able to his art education.他的家庭很穷,父母负担不起他的艺术教育费用。(滨州中考)
We couldn't to go travelling this summer.今年夏天我们没有足够的钱去旅行。
考点18 think about 考虑
相当于think of。about和of都是介词,后接名词、代词、动词-ing形式或从句作宾语。think of还可意为"想出,想到",而think about无此用法。
I am thinking traveling to Kunming. 我在考虑去昆明旅游。(昆明中考)
When we lose, think what we did and how we can improve. 当我们失败的时候,考虑一下我们做了什么及我们如何改进。(河北中考)
I finally thought a great idea — we can have a picnic at the park this weekend.我终于想出了一个好主意,我们这周末可以在公园里野餐。
拓展 think over意为"仔细考虑",后常接名词或代词作宾语。
Please think over my suggestion.=Please think my suggestion over. 请仔细考虑我的建议。(名词作宾语,放在think与over之间或over之后均可)
Let me . 让我好好想一想。(代词作宾语,要放在think与over之间)
考点19 need v.需要
在此作实义动词,意为"需要"。常用结构:
Your eyes need everyday attention. 你的眼睛需要日常呵护。
He needs to have a rest.他需要休息一下。
My bike needs mending.我的自行车需要修理。
拓展(1)need还可作情态动词,没有人称和数的变化,其后接动词原形,常用于否定句或疑问句,意为"需要"。needn't意为"不必",相当于don't have to。
It's Sunday today. We needn't go to school.今天是周日,我们不必去上学。
—Need we go right now?我们现在就需要走吗?
—Yes, we need.是的,我们需要。/No, we needn't.不,我们不必。
(2)need还可作名词,意为"需要;短缺"。in need"在危难中;在贫困中"。
for you to get up early tomorrow. 你明天不必早起。
A friend is a friend indeed.患难见真情。
The charity aims to provide help to people .这个慈善机构的宗旨是向贫困者提供帮助。
考点20 invite /ɪnˈvaɪt/ v.邀请
作及物动词,常用结构:
I would like to invite him to dance with me.我想邀请他和我一起跳舞。
We'll invite our teacher to the New Year party next week.下周我们要邀请我们的老师来参加新年派对。
拓展invitation作"(口头或书面的)邀请;请柬"讲时,是可数名词;作
"邀请;受邀"讲时,为不可数名词。
I received an to the party.我收到了参加聚会的邀请。
She attended the meeting at the of Mr Wang.她应王先生之邀出席了此次活动。
语境串记
We should the foreign teacher to the party, and here is an for her. 我们应该邀请外教来参加聚会,这是给她的请柬。
考点21 one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数 最……的……之一
She is one of the most popular teachers in our school. 她是我们学校最受欢迎的教师之一。
拓展"one of+可数名词复数或复数代词"(作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式)意为"……中的一个"。of后接名词时,该名词前一般有定冠词the或形容词性物主代词等修饰,以表示某一特定范围。
One of them is (单数)from Shanghai. 他们中有一个来自上海。
One of my friends speaks (单数)English very well. 我的一个朋友英语说得很好。
考点22 辨析have/has been to, have/has gone to与have/has been in
have/has been to
have/has gone to
have/has been in
I have been to Beijing. I went there last year. 我去过北京,是去年去的。
I have been to Hong Kong twice. 我去过香港两次。
My father has gone to Beijing. 我爸爸去北京了。(在去北京的路上或已到北京)
My father has been in Shanghai for a week.我爸爸已经在上海待了一周了。(现在还在上海)
考点23 find+it(形式宾语)+adj.+to do sth. (真正的宾语)发现做某事是……的
该结构可变为:find(that)+it is+adj.+to do sth.(此时it在宾语从句中作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的to do sth.)。
We find to protect the environment.=We find(that) it is important to protect the environment.我们发现保护环境很重要。
拓展除find外,动词think、feel等也有类似用法。
Do you think to learn English well? = Do you think it is important to learn English well? 你认为学好英语重要吗?
考点24 smell与taste、look、sound、feel
均为感官系动词,后常接形容词作表语,但表达的意义不同。其用法如下:
单词
含义
常搭配的词
sound
nice, good, funny, wonderful, relaxing等
smell
fresh, nice, sweet等
look
young, old, beautiful等
taste
delicious, sweet, salty等
feel
soft, comfortable, smooth等
考点25 look forward to 盼望;期望
为动词短语,其中to为介词,后面常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。
We are looking forward to you. 我们盼望着见到您。
考点26辨析find out, find与look for
find out
find
look for
语境串记
My mobile phone is lost. I have it everywhere, but I can't it. Could you help me to where it is? 我的手机丢了,我到处找,但是没找到。你能帮我查明它在哪里吗?
考点27辨析yet与already
yet
常用于现在完成时的否定句或疑问句中,谈论尚未发生但可能发生的事。
already
常用于现在完成时的肯定句中,谈论已经发生的事。
语境串记
—Has Jim arrived yet? 吉姆已经到了吗?—Yes, he has arrived already. 是的,他已经到了。
典例1 Jenny has ________ fed the dog but she hasn't watered the flowers ________.
A.still; already B.already; yet C.yet; still D.yet; already
考点28辨析message,information与news
message
常指口头上或书面告知的消息。常用搭配:leave a message留言;take a message捎口信,记下留言。
information
指通过各种途径得到的信息资料,强调内容, 不强调"新"。
news
指发生不久的消息, 特别是报纸、广播、电视中发布的消息, 强调"新"。
语境串记
I have got some. .information from the Internet about the news. I'll leave a message. .for you. 我从网上得到了关于这则新闻的一些信息。我会给你留言。
考点29辨析That's why...与That's because...
That's
why...
That's why doctors always advise us to cut down on sugar. 那就是医生总是建议我们少吃糖的原因。
That's
because
...
He didn't come to school. That's because he was ill. 他没来上学。那是因为他病了。
考点30 辨析farther与further
两者都是far的比较级形式,都可以作形容词或副词,区别如下:
farther
further
A table stands at the farther end of the kitchen.厨房的那一头放着一张桌子。(作形容词)
Cook for a further 2 minutes.再煮2分钟。(作形容词)
He jumped farther(=further) than Mike.他跳得比迈克远。(作副词)
We need to study the project further.我们需要进一步研究这个项目。(作副词)
考点31辨析search for 与 search...for...
search for
He searched for his keys in
his pockets.=He searched his
pockets for his keys. 他翻遍
了自己的口袋找钥匙。
search...for...
考点32 hundreds of millions of 数以亿计的
hundreds of "成百上千的"
后均接可数名词复
数,表示概数
thousands of "数以千计的,成千上万的"
millions of "数以百万计的"
billions of "数以十亿计的"
考点33辨析none与no one
none
no one
意为"没有一人;没有一个;一点儿也没有",既可指人也可指物。是all的全部否定。
意为"没有人",用来指人,与nobody同义。
1."none of+可数名词复数/人称代词复数"作主
语时,谓语动词用单、复数形式皆可。
2."none of+不可数名词"作主语时,谓语动词
用单数形式。
3.强调数量,可用来回答how many/how much
的提问。
1.后不跟of短语,在句
中作主语时谓语动词用
单数形式。
2.不强调数量,可用来
回答who的提问。
None of us the news. 我们中没有一个人知道这个消息。
None of the money his. 没有一分钱是他的。
—How many people are there in that room? 那个房间里有多少个人?
— .一个人也没有。
—How much money did you give her? 你给了她多少钱?
— . 一分也没给。
No one/Nobody the answer. 没有人知道答案。
—Who went to see the film? 谁去看电影了?
— . 谁也没去。
考点34形容词/副词+enough+to do sth.
该结构意为"足够……可以做某事",其否定形式为"not+形容词/副词+enough+to do sth.",意为"不够……不可以做某事"。
Hurricane winds can be strong enough to break windows into pieces. 飓风的强度足以将窗户打碎。(苏州中考)
Jim isn't strong enough to carry the big box. 吉姆不够强壮,搬不动那个大箱子。
拓展"形容词/副词+enough+to do sth."的肯定形式通常可与"so...that..."结构相互转换,其否定句通常可与"too...to..."结构相互转换。
He's clever enough to get over many difficulties.=He's so clever that he can get over many difficulties.他很聪明,能够克服许多困难。
She is not old enough to go to school this autumn.=She is too young to go to school this autumn.她不够大,今年秋天还不能去上学。
特别提醒
(1) enough作形容词修饰名词时,通常放在名词前(也可以放在名词后)。
I have to finish the work.我有足够的时间来完成这项工作。
(2) enough作副词修饰形容词或副词时,要放在所修饰词的后面。
The house isn't for us.这房子对我们来说不够大。
用法分析as...as... 和……一样……
该结构表示肯定意义,用于同级比较,其中两个as之间要用形容词或副词的原级;其否定形式not as/so...as...意为"不如……(那样)……",表示否定意义。
He is his friend. 他和他的朋友一样勇敢。
Tom studies his elder brother. 汤姆和他的哥哥学习一样努力。(鞍山中考)
This story is not as/so interesting as one. 这个故事不如那个故事有趣。
特别提醒
not as/so…as…可以和比较级进行转换。
I am not as/so tall as my brother. 我不如我哥哥高。
→I am shorter than my brother. 我比我哥哥矮。
→My brother is taller than me. 我哥哥比我高。
考点35辨析too much,too many 与 much too
易混短语
义项
中心词
用法
too much
much
too much+不可数名词
too many
many
too many+可数名词复数
much too
too
much too+形容词或副词
When there is too much waste, our environment will become dirty. 当有太多的废物时,我们的环境就会变脏。(邵阳中考)
There are too people in the park. 公园里的人太多了。
The house is too expensive for me. I can't afford it. 这房子对我来说太贵了,我买不起。
考点36/helθ/ n. 健康(状况)
作名词,be in good/poor health表示 "身体好/不好"。
Although Zhang Guimei isn't in good health, she works hard to help her students. 尽管张桂梅身体不好,但她仍然努力帮助她的学生。(重庆中考B卷)
拓展 与health相关的词语:
语境串记
We must eat to stay. .healthy, so get out of your habits and don't eat or drink from now on. 我们必须健康地饮食来保持健康,因此从现在开始改掉你不健康的习惯,不要不健康地吃喝了。
考点37辨析well 与 good
well
比较级为better,
最高级为best。
You look very well. 你看上去
很健康。
good
This is a good book.这是一本好书。
This book is good. 这本书很好。
拓展 well还可作副词,其常见用法有:
考点38辨析 sleepy 与 asleep
sleepy
The warmth of the fire made her feel sleepy. 暖洋洋的炉火使她昏昏欲睡。
asleep
I always fall asleep quickly when I listen to soft music before bedtime.当我在睡前听轻柔的音乐时,我总
是很快入睡。
语境串记
She didn't sleep well last night, so she feels sleepy now. I think she will fall asleep soon. 她昨晚没睡好,所以她现在觉得很困。我想她很快就会睡着。
考点39 exercise /ˈeksəˌsaɪz/ v. 运动;锻炼
在此作不及物动词,意为"运动;锻炼"。
Stand up and exercise often to avoid neck and shoulder pain. 经常站起来运动,避免肩颈疼痛。(河南中考)
拓展 exercise 还可作名词,其含义及用法为:
意为"练习;习题;
一套动作"
可数名词
I have two exercises to do today. 今天我有两道习题要做。
do eye/morning exercises做眼保健操/早操
意为"运动,锻炼"
不可数名词
We should take some exercise every day.我们应当每天做些运动。
考点40
考点
词义及用法
例句
wear
表示“穿着,戴着”,是一种状态。宾语可以是衣服、鞋帽、眼镜、饰物等,也可以指留着什么样的头发、胡须等。
The old man wears a pair of glasses.老人戴着一副眼镜。
dress
表示“给……穿衣服”,后面一定接人。可以表示动作也可以表示状态。常用结构:dress oneself自己穿衣服;dress up打扮;be dressed in+衣服穿着。
Please dress the children right now.请立即给孩子们穿上衣服。
put on
表示“穿上”,强调穿戴的动作,后接衣服、鞋帽等。反义词组为take off(脱掉)。put on还有“体重增加”“上映”之意。
He put on his coat and went out.他穿上外套出去了。
be in
表示穿着的状态,后接衣服或颜色,着重于衣服的款式或颜色。
The man in black is a football coach.穿黑衣服的那个人是足球教练。
总结:表状态wear+衣服/鞋帽/配饰;be dressed in+衣服/颜色; be in+衣服/颜色。
表动作put on+衣服/鞋帽; dress+人。
考点41.辨析take part in、join、join in与attend
Our teacher is the coach, and she also takes part in the training with us. 我们的老师是教练,她也和我们一起参加训练。
attend
join
join in
take part in
考点42 as .... as
(1)as…as…结构,意为“和……一样”;其基本结构为:as+adj./ adv.+as。第一个as是副词,后接形容词或副词的原级,第二个as是连词,后面接比较状语从句。如:
This film is as interesting as that one.这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。
(2)not as/so…as结构,意为“不如……”。如:
This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think.这本字典不如你想象的那样有用。
(3)若有修饰成分,如twice,three times,half,a quarter等,则须置于第一个as之前。如:
Your bag is twice as expensive as mine.你的袋子比我的贵一倍。
【拓展】 关于as…as的常见句型:
as…as possible=as...as sb can/could尽可能……,
as…as usual/ before和往常/以前一样……,
as long as只要,as far as远至……,
as well as和……一样好/不但...而且...(就远原则)/除了...之外(还包括)=besides
考点43 since
考点
用法
since
since+过去一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1990、last month、half past six 等):I have been here since 1990.1990年起,我一直在这儿。
since+一段时间+ago:
I have been here since five months ago.自从五个月前,我已经在这儿了。
since+从句(一般过去时):
Changes have taken place since you left.自从你走后,已经发生了很大的变化。
It is/has been+一段时间+since从句(一般过去时):
=一段时间 has passed since从句(一般过去时)
It is two years since I became an English teacher.
=Two years has passed since I became an English teacher.
我成为英语老师有两年了。
for
for+时间段,用来说明动作延续时间长度,因此句中的谓语动词,也应该是延续性动词。
如:We have learnt English for about three years.我们学英语大约三年了。
注意:并非有for作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。试比较:
I worked here for more than twenty years.(我现在已不在这里工作。)
I have worked here for more than twenty years.(现在我仍在这里工作。)
考点44 watch
考点
用法
例子
watch
强调聚精会神地看,含有欣赏的意思,常用于看电视、看比赛、看电影等。
watch sb sth
watch TV
see
强调“看”的结果(看见);可用于看电影,看病,明白等。
see sb sth
see a film
read
强调“读”,指看书、看报纸或杂志等。
read the newspaper
look
强调看的动作,可单独使用;接宾语时需加上介词at;
作系动词意为“看起来”,接形容词作表语。
look at the blackboard
It's time句型
It's time to/for 均意为“是做……的时间了”。
●It's time to后接动词原形。
●It's time for后接名词/动名词。
考点45 keep doing sth. 继续做某事,一直做某事
相当于keep on doing sth.,指一直处于某种状态或持续某个动作。
Keep going towards our goals and we can much more easily make the progress we want.继续朝着我们的目标前进,我们会更容易取得我们想要的进步。
(1)keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事
It's not polite to keep other people for you. 让别人一直等你是不礼貌的。
(2)keep sb./sth. from doing sth. 不让某人/某物做某事
The policeman kept the children from the road when it was busy. 这位警察阻止了孩子们在交通繁忙时过马路。
考点46 否定前移
think后的从句省略了引导词that。当谓语动词是think、believe、expect、suppose等时,其后的宾语从句若为否定句,否定词要移至主句中,即否定主句的谓语动词,这种语法现象叫作"否定前移"。翻译成汉语时,要将否定的意义还原到从句中去。
I don't think he can come this evening. 我认为他今晚不会来。
特别提醒
涉及否定前移的只能是not, not以外的其他含有否定意义的词,如no、never、hardly、few、little、seldom等不必前移。
I believe that he makes few mistakes in the exam.我相信他在考试中几乎没有犯错。
考点47 can't help doing sth.忍不住做某事
固定结构,相当于can't stop doing sth.。
The boy couldn't help as soon as the host announced he was the winner. 主持人一宣布这个男孩是获胜者,他就情不自禁地跳了起来。
考点48 protect v.保护(protection n.保护;防卫)
作动词,意为"保护"。protect...from...意为"保护……免受……的伤害",from后面常跟名词或动词-ing形式。
An umbrella will you from the rain.雨伞可以保护你不受雨淋。
Wearing a helmet can protect you hurt.戴头盔可以防止你受伤。
考点49 expect /ɪkˈspekt/ v. 期盼;等待
(1)expect+名词/代词 期盼……
I'm expecting a fresh air and new ideas from her. 我期盼着她的新风貌和新想法。(武汉中考)
(2)expect to do sth. 期盼做某事(本句用法)
She expects to go to Beijing next year. 她期盼明年去北京。
(3)expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事
He expected Lucy to travel with him. 他期望露西同他一起去旅行。
expect作动词,还可意为"预料;预计"。"expect+that从句"意为"预料……",需要注意的是:当主句时态为一般现在时、从句为否定句时,需要"否定前移"。
I don't expect that you're right.我认为你不对。
考点50 invent /ɪnˈvent/ v. 发明;创造
invent的相关词语:
语境串记
Edison was a great . He many things and had more than two thousand in his life. 爱迪生是一位伟大的发明家。他发明了很多东西,一生拥有两千多项发明。
考点51 satisfy /ˈsætɪsfaɪ/ v. 满足;使满意
与satisfy相关的词语:
I am happy to be your guide these days. Are you with my service? 这些天我很高兴做你的导游。你对我的服务满意吗?
That is a experience for me.那对我来说是一次令人满意的体验。
My sister got great from helping people to learn.我姐姐在帮助他人学习的过程中得到了很大的满足。
考点52 as well as也;还
常用来连接两个并列的成分,它通常强调前一项,后一项只是顺便提及。
He speaks Spanish as well as French. 他不但会讲法语,还会讲西班牙语。
特别提醒
as well as连接两个并列成分作主语时,句子的谓语动词要和as well as前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
Your brother as well as you is good at maths.你和你哥哥都擅长数学。(和Your brother在人称和数上保持一致)
拓展A as well as B的意思是"不但B,而且A",强调的是A,但not only A but also B意为"不但A,而且B",强调的是B。
She can dance as well as sing.=She can not only sing but also dance.她不但会唱歌,而且会跳舞。
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