比较级讲义与练习 - 2024-2025学年外研版八年级英语下册

1. 形容词和副词比较级和最高级的规则变化 1.规则变化 规则 原级 比较级 最高级 在词尾后直接加-er/est tall taller tallest 词尾是e，只加-r/st nice nicer nicest 以辅音字母加y结尾的，把y变i再加-er/est happy happier happiest 重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加-er/est thin thinner thinnest ►注意其他双音节词或多音节词,在该词前面加-more/most（有三个或三个以上元音字母） beautiful—more beautiful—(the) most beautiful ►由形容词加ly构成的双音节词和多音节词,都是在该词前加-more/most. quickly—more quickly—(the) most quickly difficultly—more difficultly—(the) most difficultly 2.不规则变化 good/well better best bad/badly/ill worse worst many/much more most little(少) less least far farther(影响较远) further(更多/进一步的信息) farthest(影响较远) furthest(最多的信息) old older(年纪较大的) elder(较年长的) oldest(年纪最大的) eldest(最年长的) 2、 形容词&副词的级别 1. 原级的用法 (1)有副词very、 so、 too、 enough、 quite等修饰时，用原级 如： He is too young to look after himself. 他太小了,以至于不能照顾自己 (2)A＝B: as＋ adj. 原级＋ as。 如：The weather is as hot as it was yesterday. 今天和昨天一样热。 (3)A≠B: not so/as＋adj. 原级＋as。即：A不如B。 如：Tom doesn't run so/as fast as Sam. 汤姆没有萨姆跑得快。 1．The cheese cake tasted so that the kids asked for more. A. delicious B. more delicious C. the most delicious 2．—Physics is more important than Maths, isn’t it? —I disagree. I think every subject is important. Physics is as ________ as Maths. A. less important B． important C．more important D．the most important 3．At the World Robot Conference 2023 (机器人大会), the butterfly robots look as_____as the real ones in nature. A．wonderful B． wonderfully C．more wonderful D．more wonderfully 4．She looks very . I think she needs to have a rest. A. tired B. more tired C. most tired 5．The Yellow River isn’t so as the Changjiang River. A. long B. longest C. longer D. the longest 6．I never thought that things as ________ as kite flying could be so exciting. A．delicious B．more delicious C．simple D．more simple 7．Without her glasses, she was ________ blind. So it’s important for everyone to protect eyes. A．as far as B．as clear as C．as good as D．as well as 8. He can calculate as ________ as possible to finish it in time. A．accurate B．fast C．more accurate D．faster 9. Jim is good at running. He can run as________ as his friend Bob. A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest 2. 比较级的用法 (1)有much、 even、 a little、 far、 a lot、a bit、 still等修饰时用比较级 如： It's much hotter today.今天热得多。 (2)用于有than（比……更……）的句子中 如：This bridge is wider than that one.这座桥比那座更宽。 (3)比较级＋ and ＋比较级　表示“越来越……”。 如：That girl is becoming more and more beautiful. 那个女孩变得越来越漂亮。 (4)the＋比较级， the ＋比较级　表示“越……， 就越……”。 如：The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make. 你越细心，犯的错误就越少。 (5)Which/Who is ＋比较级， A or B? 表示“哪一个更……”，主要是在两者之间进行比较。 如：Which is nearer to the sun, the moon or the earth? 月亮和地球，哪个离太阳更近一些？ (6)A...the ＋比较级＋of the two...表示“两者中较……的”。 如：He is the thinner of the two. 两个人当中，他更瘦一些。 (7)比较级表最高级：1）A+be/动词+比较级+than any other+可数名词单数 He did better in math than any other boy in his class. 2）A+be/动词+比较级+than the other+可数名词复数 Li Lei is taller than the other students in his class. 1．Who is the , Jim, Li Lei or Ling Feng? A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. much taller 2．The air in Beijing is getting much now than a few years ago. A. clean B. cleaner C. cleanest D. the cleanest 3．We are glad to see that Shanghai is developing these years than ever before. A. quickly B. quick C. more quickly D. the most quickly 4．The ________ you drive, the ________ traffic accidents will happen. A．more careful; fewer B．more carefully; fewer C．more carefully; less D．more careful; less 5．Judy enjoys running. She even runs ________ than the boys in her class. A．faster B．fast C．fastest D．the fastest 6．If we are interested in something, our brain is _________ and it is also easier for us to pay attention to it for a long time. A．active B．the most active C．more active D．most active 7．—Tom, how are you feeling today? —Much ________. I don't think I can go to school tomorrow. A．better B．worse C．brighter D．happier 8．—“Food safety” problem is becoming________these days. —I think so. The government must do something to deal with it. A．smaller and smaller B．better and better C． worse and worse D．nicer and nicer 9．—Frank has changed a lot, hasn’t he? —Yes. He is much ________ than before because he exercises every day. A．strong B．stronger C．strongest D．the stronger 10．The ________ we exercise every day, the ________ we will be. A．much; healthier B．more; less healthy C．more; healthier 3.最高级的用法 (1)“主语＋谓语＋the＋最高级＋(单数名词) ＋ in/of短语”表示“在…(三者或三者以上)中…是最…的”。 如：This picture is the best of all. 这幅画是所有画中最好的。 (2)“主语＋谓语＋one of the ＋最高级＋(复数名词)”表示“……是最……之一”。 如：Miss Xu is one of the most popular teachers in our school. 许老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。 (3)“Which/Who is ＋the ＋最高级， A, B or C？”用于对三者或三者以上的人或物比较。 如：Who is the tallest, Tom, Kate or Bill? 汤姆、凯特和比尔谁最高？ (4) 形容词最高级前面可加序数词，表示“第几最……”。 如：The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国第二大长河。 （5）形容词最高级前面可以用形容词性物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰，但不能再加the。 如：This is our best lesson today. 这是今天最好的课程。 1． Jack has three friends. Mike is the of the four. A. most cleverest B. more clever C. cleverest D. clever 2．—I hear that the phones with 5G will be much ________. —By the end of this year, we will have one of the world’s ________ 5G deployments. A．fast; larger B．fast; largest C．faster; larger D．faster; largest 3．—What do you think of the final of the World Cup in Qatar? I think it’s ________ match that I have ever seen. A．the most exciting B．the most excited C．more exciting D．more excited 4．Who listens ________, Tom, Jack or Bill? A．the most carefully B．more carefully C．the most careful D．more careful 5．The River Seine is one of the ________ rivers in France. A．most beautiful B．less beautiful C．more beautiful D．beautiful 6．China is over 5,000 years old. It's one of ________ countries in the world. Yes. It has a much ________ history than the US. A．old; long B．the oldest; longer C．older; longer D．older; the longest 7．—The Victoria Fall is about 1700 meters wide and 100 meters high. What a big fall! —Yeah, I think it's one of the ______ natural wonders of the world. A．deepest B．heaviest C．lowest D．largest 8．—I hear there are lots of fresh cherries in Jinzheng Fruit Market recently. —You are right. Of all the fruit markets, you can buy ________ ones there. A．cheap B．cheapest C．cheaper D．the cheapest 9．London is __________ in the world. A．the beautiful city B．the most beautiful cities C．most beautiful cities D．one of the most beautiful cities 10. Amazon's CEO, Jeff Bezos is now the ________ person in the world. A．wealthy B．wealthier C．wealthiest D．most wealth 11．—What do you think of the doctors and nurses across the country going to Wuhan to fight against the novel coronavirus outbreak (新冠肺炎疫情) in 2020? —I admire them, now they are called the ________ retrogrades (逆行者) and the ________ heroes. A．beautiful; greatest B．more beautiful; greater C．most beautiful; greatest D．most beautiful; great 提升训练 1、 单项选择题 1. Among all these languages, English is ________used in the world. A．the most wide B．widely C．wide D．the most widely 2. The ________ you listen to the teacher in class, the more mistakes you’ll make in the exam. A．more careful B．less careful C．more carefully D．less carefully 3. It's believed that ________ you work, ________ result you'll get. A．the harder; the better B．the more hard; the more better C．the harder; a better D．more hard; more better 4. Andy was lucky enough to pick up a sofa at the market which was ________ new. A．as well as B．as good as C．as much as D．as many as 5. Liu Xiang is one of _________ runners in the world. A．famous B．more famous C．the most famous D．most famous 6．It's believed that ________ you work, ________ result you'll get. A．the harder; the better B．the more hard; the more better C．the harder; a better D．more hard; more better 7. —The more you practice, __________your English will be. —I agree. Practice makes perfect. A．the better B．the worse C．more D．less 8. The mask (口罩), a common product to prevent virus spreading, has lately been ________ than before. A．more dearer B．much expensive C．much more expensive D．a little dear 9．—Is Tom good at telling jokes? —Yes. He is ________ . A．angry B．humorous C．terrible D．Beautiful 10．The young man has ________ money than me, but he has ________ friends, A．more,more B．more,fewer C．more,less D．fewer, more 11．Are your Facebook friends ________ than those you have in real life? A． very interesting B．more interesting C．the most interesting D．as interesting as 12. —Is Dale going to run in the big race on Saturday? —Yes, of course. He runs ________ of all the students. A．fast B．slow C．the fastest D．the slowest 二．完形填空( 形容词、副词专练 ) David received a parrot for his birthday.The parrot had a poor vocabulary( 词汇量 ), and many were not 　1　.David tried 　2　 to change the bird’s words and was often saying polite words, playing soft music, trying anything he could think of to set a 　3　 example.But nothing worked.He shouted at the bird and the bird just got 　4　 and became even less polite.Finally, without any hope, David put the parrot in the freezer.For a few moments he heard the bird kick( 踢 ) and cry 　5　 in it.Then suddenly it was quiet—not a sound for half a minute.David was 　6　 that he might have hurt the bird and quickly opened the freezer door.The parrot 　7　 stepped out onto David’s arm and said,“I believe that I may have made you angry with me about my 　8　 language and actions.I will try my best at once to be polite.I am really 　9　 and beg your pardon.”  David was surprised at the bird’s change, and he was just to ask what had made such a 　10　 change when the parrot went on saying, “May I ask what the chicken in the freezer did?”  ( )1.A.interesting B.bad C.beautiful D.polite ( )2.A.hard B.hardly C.completely D.angrily ( )3.A.good B.bad C.same D.different ( )4.A.sick B.bored C.angry D.lost ( )5.A.easily B.loudly C.slowly D.wisely ( )6.A.happy B.excited C.angry D.frightened ( )7.A.quietly B.angrily C.impolitely D.happily ( )8.A.polite B.impolite C.good D.noisy ( )9.A.sorry B.noisy C.free D.important ( )10.A.little B.surprising C.difficult D.good 三、语法选择( 形容词、副词专练 ) What are some of 　1　 scientific discoveries (发现) in the history of mankind? How have they changed our lives? Read the following story and you are 　2　 to find your answers.  There was once a(n) 　3　 scientist who made several important discoveries. Once he was asked how he was able to be so 　4　. He replied that it all came from an experience he had with his mother when he was 2 years old. He was trying to take a bottle of milk out of the refrigerator. But the bottle was too slippery(滑的) and he dropped it. The kitchen floor was covered with milk.  When his mother came into the kitchen, instead of shouting at him or punishing him, she said, “Robert, 　5　 you have made!I have never seen 　6　 puddle of milk. Would you like to play in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up?”  So he did. After a few minutes, they cleaned it up together. Then his mother said, “This was a failed experiment in how to carry a 　7　 bottle of milk with two tiny hands. Let's go out in the backyard and fill the bottle with water and see if you can find a way to carry it without dropping it.”  The little boy learned that if he held the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it. 　8　 the lesson is!  The scientist then added that it was at that moment that he knew he didn't need to be 　9　 to make mistakes. He learned that mistakes are just opportunities to learn 　10　—which is, after all, what scientific experiments are all about. Even if the experiment doesn't “work”, we can still learn something valuable from it.  1.A.big　　　 B.bigger C.biggest　　　 D.the biggest 2.A.sure　　　 B.interesting C.happy　　　 D.easy 3.A.powerful　 B.important C.famous　　　 D.common 4.A.creative　 B.friendly C.popular　　　 D.humorous 5.A.what wonderful mess B.how a wonderful mess C.how wonderful mess D.what a wonderful mess 6.A.so huge　 B.so a huge C.such huge　　 D.such a huge 7.A.big　　　 B.small　　　 C.good　　　 D.full 8.A.How great　 B.How a great C.What great　　 D.What a great 9.A.angry　　　 B.afraid C.sorry　　　 D.careful 10.A.new something　　　 B.something new C.new anything　　　 D.anything new 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$