Unit 9 探索板块(教材重难知识导学 · 精讲精练)(教师版+学生版)-【帮课堂】2024-2025学年七年级英语下册同步学与练(仁爱科普版2024)

2025-03-18
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语仁爱科普版七年级下册
年级 七年级
章节 Exploring the Topic
类型 学案-导学案
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-新授课
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 5.46 MB
发布时间 2025-03-18
更新时间 2025-03-18
作者 小辣椒 初中英语课件
品牌系列 上好课·上好课
审核时间 2025-03-18
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来源 学科网

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Unit 9 Exploring the Topic (探索板块) 主题内容 学习目标 主题范畴: 人与自我→积极向上的生活,安全与防护 人与社会→社区环境与设施,良好的人际关系和人际交往 主题内容: 围绕话题From Here to There展开,Thinking Skills部分为思维技能学习,内容为按照时间顺序排序,即通过使用表示时间顺序的单词,并用first, next, then, last等描述事件进展的顺序。Reading Strategies部分为阅读策略学习,内容为通过使用上下文线索(包括文本、标志、符号等)以及已有经验来推断文本的隐含意义。Theme Reading部分为主题阅读活动,运用本单元所学的思维技能和阅读策略开展主题阅读,是整个单元最核心的部分。Grammar in Use部分为语法的学习,语法内容为介词和一般过去时。 1. 语言知识&技能: (1)运用表示时间顺序的单词,如first, next, then, last等了解事件进展的过程; (2)使用文本语境推断文本深层意义的阅读策略,学习理解文本主题; (3) 在图片和对话等语篇中理解、体会介词和一般过去时的形式和表意功能; (4)在语境中体验介词的使用规则,结合表格内容总结一般过去时的动词变化规则; 2. 文化意识&思维品质: (1)借助序列链表格,和同伴谈论交通方式的发展史; (2)围绕所给问题描述自己的家庭旅行经历,感受旅行带来的挑战与快乐。 3. 学习策略: (1)根据文本内容,填写交通方式进展的序列链; (2)根据文本内容填写序列链图表,并结合序列链图表补全对话; (3) 使用表格形式,形象、直观地总结和归纳语法规则。 ➽自主预习 请预习下列重点单词、短语和句型,并完成下面的表格。 词性 中文 英文 重点 单词 名词 1. 标志,招牌;迹象,预兆 sign 2. 岛 island 3. 前面;前部 front 4. 晚上;傍晚 evening 5. 帐篷 tent 6. 旅行 trip 7. 安全 safety 8. 难题;困难 problem 9. 邮寄;邮件;贴子 post 10. 办公室 office 11. 邮局 post office 12. 邻居 neighbour (neighbor) 13. 社区 community 14. 村庄 village 动词 1. 站立,站起来;容忍,忍受 stand 2. 抓住;拿着;举行 hold 3. 返回;退还 return 4. 发生;碰巧 happen 5. 摇动;抖动 shake 6. 建造 build 7. 划(船) row 8. 遵循,听从;跟随 follow 9. 解决;处理 solve 10. 增加;添加 add 11. 坐 sit 形容词 1. 令人难忘的 unforgettable 2. 悲哀的,难过的;令人悲哀的 sad 3. 处境(或情况)安全;安全的 safe 4. 黑暗的;昏暗的 dark 副词 突然;忽然 suddently 介词 1. 在旁边 beside 2. 在...后面 behind 代词 我自己;亲自 myself 兼词 1. n.礼物;天赋 v.白送 gift 2. n.速度;迅速 v.快速;加速 speed 3. adj.无云的;晴朗的;清晰易懂的 v.移走,搬走;转晴 clear 4. ν.喊叫;哭 n.叫喊,叫声 cry 5. adv. 回原处 n.背部;后部 back 6. v.关注,在意;关心,关怀 n.照料,护理;小心,谨慎 care 7. ν.露营;宿营 n.营地 camp 8. n./v. 拥抱 hug 重点 短语 中文 英文 中文 英文 1. 返回到..;追溯到... go back to... 2. 有更多的方式做某事 have more ways of doing sth. 3. 在短时间内 in a short time 4. 在地图上 on the map 5. 告诉某人自己 tell oneself 6. 在海上 at sea 7. 高铁 high-speed train 8. 在晚上 in the evening 9. 在...(外部)前面 in front of... 10. 代表 stand for 11. 在陆地 on land 12. ...的时间 the time of... 13. 最后,最终;终于 in the end 14. 建立;设立 set up 15. 一些时间;一段时间 some time 16. 抓住某人的手 hold one's hand 17. 一路上 all the way 18. 给某人一个拥抱 give sb. a hug 19. 安全问题 safety problems 20. 遇到一点困难 have a little problem 21. 向····求助 ask..for help 22. 搭建;设立;张贴;挂起 put up 23. 抬头看;向上看;查找 look up 24. 告诉某人(不要)去做某事 tell sb. (not) to do sth. 25. 邮局 post office 26. 把......带回来 bring...back 27. 围绕着.....坐 sit around... 28. 起初,首先 at first 29. 四处逛逛 go around 30. 找到.....的路 find one's/ the way to... 31. 拿出;取出 take out 32. 在某人的旅途中 on one's trip 33. 返回 return to 34. 在那之后 after that 35. 横穿;横过 go across 36. 在.....的左/右边 on one's/the left/right of... 37. 发生在某人身上 happen to sb. 38. 刚才 just now 39. 去露营 go camping 40. 落下;摔倒 fall down 41. 大声呼喊 cry out 42. 生火 build a fire 重点 句型 中文 英文 1. 首先,肖雅画了一个找礼物的地图。 First, Xiao Ya drew a map of the gift. 2. 他们可以在短时间内进行远途旅行 They can travel far in a short time. 3. 这些标志在地图上代表着不同的地方。 The signs stand for different places on the map. 4. 最后,在我的面前出现了一座岛。 Finally, there was an an island in front of me. 5. 当李想回到帐篷时,他感觉怎么样? How did Li Xiang feel when he went back to the tent? 6. 首先,我和爸爸一起搭帐篷,妈妈准备晚餐。 6 At first, my father and I set up the tent, and my mother prepared for dinner.。 7. 但那时,我们没有足够的水。所以我和爸爸四处转转去寻找一些(水)。 But then, we didn't have enough water, so my father and I went around to look for some. 8. 我们找不到回去的路了! We couldn't find the way back! 9. 我抓着爸爸的手。 I held my father's hand. 10. 他告诉我不要担心,然后从他的包里拿出一张地图。 He told me not to worry and took out a map from his bag. 11. 然后,我们按照地图一路返回。 Later, we followed the map all the way back. 12. 最后,我们返回了帐篷。 Finally, we returned to our tent. 13. 我妈妈看到我们回来很高兴,给了我们一个大大的拥抱。 My mother was so happy to see us back and gave us a big hug. 14. 在你的旅行中,你遇见了什么安全问题?你是如何解决的? What safety problems did you meet on your trip and how did you solve them? 15. 这个小女孩正站在门后。 The girl is standing behind the door. 16. 邮局在商场的左边。 The post office is on the left of the shopping mall. 17. 李先生住在公园路的尽头。右边没有房子了,但是那有一棵树。 Mr. Li lives at the end of Park Road. There are no houses to the right, but there is atre there. 18. —康康,刚才发生了什么? —我找不到去你住的社区的路,迷路了。 —Kangkang, what happened to you just now? —I didn't find the way to your community. I was lost. 19. 我向一个老年人寻求帮助。 I asked an old man for help. 20. 他们首先尽全力搭一个帐篷。 They first tried to put up a tent. 21. 肖雅和肖梅去找帐篷,然后肖梅大声呼喊。 Xiao Ya and Xiao Mei went to look for the tent and then Xiao Mei cried out. 22. 肖雅向上看,然后看见了它。 Xiao Ya looked up and saw it. 23. 在帐篷旁边,他们还生了火。 Beside the tent, they also built a fire. 24. 他们围坐在火旁,度过了愉快的时光。 They sat around the fire and had a great time. 小试牛刀:根据语境及提示完成句子。 1. We are planning a short trip to the park this weekend. 2. Please remember to wear a helmet for your safety when riding a bike.(安全) 3. To get to the museum, follow this road until you see a big red building. 4. What will happen if we take the wrong bus?(发生) 5. When we met our friends at the station, we gave them a big hug. ➽问题探究 知识点1 First, Xiao Ya drew a map of the gift. 首先,肖雅画了一个找礼物的地图。(教材P42) first adv. 意为“第一,首先”。 E.g. First, we should get up at 8 o'clock. 首先,我们应该八点起床。 拓展: 事情按照一定的顺序发展,所以我们最好用表示先后顺序的词进行描述。 First (首先) → Next (接着) → Then (然后) → Finally (最后) E.g. First, Dudu puts on his clothes. Next, he makes the bed. Then, he sweeps the floor. Finally, he has his breakfast. What a busy morning! 首先,嘟嘟穿好衣服。接着,他铺好床。然后,他扫了地。最后他吃早饭。多么忙碌的早晨啊! First Next Then Finally 【题型精讲】 1.Mary comes ________ in the Chinese exam. This is ________ time she has got the best mark. A.first; second B.one; the second C.first; the second D.the first; second 【答案】C 【详解】句意:玛丽语文考试得了第一名。这是她第二次得了最高分。 考查固定短语和冠词。第一空处为固定短语come first“名列第一,排在第一位”;根据“This is...time she has got the best mark.”可知,此处表示“第二次”,表示顺序通常加定冠词the。故选C。 2.This is our ________ English Lesson. We’re going to learn Unit ________. A.first; First B.the first; One C.first; One D.one; First 【答案】C 【详解】句意:这是我们的第一节英语课。我们将学习第一单元。 考查数词。one一,基数词;first第一,序数词。第一空是表示第一节英语课, 用序数词first,前面有形容词性物主代词our,不用the,排除BD选项;Unit One表示“第一单元”,两个单词首字母都大写。故选C。 知识点2 Later, people had more ways of traveling and they started to use bicycles, cars, buses and trains. 后来,人们有了更多出行的方式。他们开始使用自行车、小汽车、公交车和火车。(教材P42) the way(s) of doing/to do sth. 意为“做某事的方法”,做方式状语时,前面常用介词in。way在此处做可数名词,意为“方式,方法”。 归纳: in....way的相关短语 短语 意思 in this/that way 用这/那种方式 in a special way 以一种特殊的方式 in different ways 用不同的方式 in a better way 以一种更好的方式 E.g. There are many ways to shop. = There are many ways of shopping. 有很多种购物的方式。 We can solve the problem in a better way. 我们可以以一种更好的方式解决问题。 链接:way作名词时还可意为“道路”。 on one's/the way to... 在去···的路上 find one's/the way to... 找到去···的路 E.g. I saw a bird on my way home. 在回家的路上,我看见了一只鸟。 I can't find my way to the hospital. 我找不到去医院的路。 注意: 短语 on one's/the way to...及 find one's/the way to...后接地点副词 home、here、there等时,需省略介词to。 E.g. on my way to the zoo在去动物园的路上 on the way home在回家的路上 on the way to my home 在我回家的路上 【题型精讲】 1. —Do you know the way ________ work out the problem? —________ this way, you can make it. A.of , By B.of, on C.to, In D.to, By 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——你知道解决这个问题的方法吗?——通过这种方式,你可以做到。 考查介词辨析。of“……的”;by通过;on在……上;in用;to朝,向。根据“Do you know the way…work out the problem?”可知,此处指的是解决问题的方式,the way to do sth“做某事的方法”,固定短语,符合语境。根据“…this way, you can make it.”可知,此处指的是用这种方法,in this way“用这种方法”,固定短语,符合语境。故选C。 2.Do you know the way _________ each other? A.of helping B.to help C.help D.A and B 【答案】D 【详解】句意:你知道互相帮助的方法吗? 考查固定短语。the way of doing/to do sth“做某事的方法”,为固定短语,A和B选项均正确。故选D。 知识点3 The signs stand for different placeson the map. 这些标志在地图上代表着不同的地方。(教材P43) 1) sign n. “标志;招牌;指示牌”。 E.g. a road/traffic sign 路标/交通标志 The sign on the wall said, "Now wash your hands". 墙上的牌子上写着“现在可以洗手”。 拓展: sign 的其他用法 sign n. 迹象;征兆;预兆 v. 签(名);打手势 E.g. The fact that he didn't say "no" immediately is a good sign. (作名词) 他没有马上拒绝,这是好兆头。 Sign your name here, please. (作动词) 请在这里签名。 2) stand for意为“代表,表示”,后接名词、代词宾格或动词-ing形式。 E.g. The letter S stands for south. 字母s代表“南方”。 They stand for happiness and good luck in China. 在中国,它们代表着幸福和好运。 拓展: stand for还可意为“容忍,忍受;支持”。 E.g. I'm not standing for the way he speaks. 我再也不能忍受他讲话的方式了。 【题型精讲】 1. —What does the sign mean? —It means “_________”. A.No parking B.No smoking C.No talking D.No photos 【答案】B 【详解】句意:—— 这个标志是什么意思?——它的意思是“禁止吸烟”。 考查常识。No parking禁止停车;No smoking禁止吸烟;No talking禁止交谈;No photos禁止拍照。题干中图片表示“禁止吸烟”,选项B符合题意。故选B。 2. What does a cross (十字形) stand for on maps? It’s the ________ for a church. A.score B.symbol C.star D.sale 【答案】B 【详解】句意:地图上的十字代表什么?它是教堂的标志。 考查名词辨析。score得分;symbol象征,标志;star星星;sale销售。根据“What does a cross (十字形) stand for on maps?”和“for a church”可知,十字形是教堂的标志,故选B。 知识点4 Finally, there was an island in front of me. 最后,在我的面前出现了一座岛。(教材P43) in front of 意为“在······(外部)前面”。 E.g. There is a cat in front of the car. 汽车前面有一只猫。 辨析: in front of和 in the front of 短语 意思 用法 in front of 在……前面 在物体外部的前面 in the front of 在……前面 在物体内部的前面 E.g. There are trees in front of the house. 房子前面有两棵树。 There is a big desk in the front of the house. 房子前面有一张大大的桌子。 【题型精讲】 1. Look! There is a blackboard ________ the classroom and there is a big tree ________ the classroom. A.in front of; in front of B.in the front of; in the front of C.in the front of; in front of D.in front of; in the front of 【答案】C 【详解】句意:看!教室前面有一块黑板,教室前面有一棵大树。 考查介词短语。in front of“在……前面”,强调物体外部的前面;in the front of“在……前面”,强调物体内部的前面。第一空指黑板在教室内部的前面,应该用in the front of;第二空指树在房子外部的前面,应该用in front of。故选C。 2. Walk ________ this street, and you’ll find the bookstore ________ the bank. A.down; in the front B.along; in the front of C.along; in front of D.away; in front of 【答案】C 【详解】句意:沿着这条街走,你会发现书店就在银行前面。 考查介词辨析。down向下、沿着; along沿着;away远离;in the front of在……前面, 指内部前面;in front of在……前面,指外部前面。根据“Walk ... this street, and you’ll find the bookstore ... the bank.”可知,沿着这条街走,书店就在银行前面。第一空表示“沿着”,第二空指“外部的前面”。故选C。 知识点5 "I am safe," I told myself. “我安全了”,我告诉自己。(教材P43) myself 反身代词,意为“我自己”,在句中多用于动词或介词后作宾语,强调“某人自己”。 反身代词应与自己的逻辑主语在人称和数上保持一致。 tell myself 意为“告诉我自己”。 E.g. He teaches himself English. 他自学英语。 "You are the best," I always tell myself. “你是最棒的”,我经常告诉我自己。 拓展: 反身代词构成的固定搭配 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 dress oneself 某人自己穿衣服 help oneself to 随便吃/喝...... teach oneself = learn by oneself 自学 【题型精讲】 1. I can work it out ________. A.by myself B.for myself C.by yourself D.for yourself 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我可以自己把它计算出来。 考查介词辨析和代词辨析。by myself靠我自己;for myself为了我自己;by yourself靠你自己;for yourself为了你自己。根据“I can”可知是能靠自己解决问题,by oneself“靠某人自己”,主语为I,反身代词用myself。故选A。 2.—Who teaches ________ French? —Nobody. I teach ________. A.me; mine B.me; myself C.you; myself D.you; me 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——谁教你法语?——没有人。我自学的。 考查代词辨析。me我;mine我的;myself我自己;you你。第一空位于动词teaches后,应填宾格,teach sb. sth.“教某人某事”,此处应询问“谁教你法语”,故第一空应用you;根据“Nobody”可知,没有人教,是自己自学的,teach oneself“自学”,故第二空应填反身代词,故选C。 知识点6 How did Li Xiang feel when he went back to the tent? 当李想回到帐篷,他感觉怎么样?(教材P44) back adv. “回原处”。go back to+地点,意为“返回到···;追溯到···”,当后面接地点副词home、here、there等时,需省略介词to。 E.g. Xixi and Caicai went back to school at 5 o'clock in the afternoon yesterday. 西西和采采昨天下午5点回到学校。 Tomorrow, I'll go back home? 明天,我将会回家。 拓展: back的其他用法 back 形容词 意为“后面的”。 名词 意为“背部;后面;后部”。at the back of... 意为“在···后面/部”。 E.g. There is a photo on the back wall. (形容词) 后面的墙上有一张照片。 The children carry schoolbags on their backs. (作名词) 孩子们把书包背在背上。 There is a pool at the back of the forest. 这片森林的后面有一个池塘。 归纳: back的相关短语 call (sb.) back (给某人)回电话 talk back 顶嘴 come back 回来 go back 回去 get back 返回 bring back 带回 keep back 后退,远离 give back 归还 take back 收回 think back 回想 look back 回顾 hold back 控制住 【题型精讲】 1. When do you ______ your office every morning? A.go back B.go back to C.back D.back to 【答案】B 【详解】句意“你每天早晨什么时候回办公室?”。back为副词,而空处缺少动词,排除C和D;go back to+名词“返回某地”,go back+副词。这里空格后是名词。故选B。 2. —Tom sits ________ the school hall, so he can’t see the screen very well. —He wants to sit in the front of the hall next time. A.across from B.next to C.at the back of 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——汤姆坐在学校礼堂的后面,所以他看屏幕不是很清楚。——他希望下次能坐在礼堂前面。 考查介词短语辨析。across from在……对面;next to在……旁边;at the back of在……后面。根据题干中的“so he can’t see the screen very well”以及答语中他希望坐在前面可知,汤姆目前是坐在礼堂的后面。故选C。 知识点7 My family love camping. 我的家人喜欢露营。(教材P44) camp v. “露营;宿营”。 常用短语:go camping 去野营 camp out 野营;露营 E.g. I want to camp this Sunday. 我这周日想去露营。 They often go camping on weekends. 他们经常在周末去野营。 拓展: camp 还可作名词,意为“营地”。 常用短语: summer camp 夏令营 winter camp 冬令营 E.g. Let's return to the camp. 咱们回营地吧。 He spent two weeks at camp this surrmer. 他今年夏天在夏令营玩了两个星期。 【题型精讲】 1. Let’s ask him ________ together on the weekend. A.going camping B.go camping C.to go camp D.to go camping 【答案】D 【详解】句意:我们让他周末一起去野营吧。 考查非谓语动词。根据“Let’s ask him... together on the weekend.”可知,此处考查动词短语ask sb. to do sth.“让某人做某事”,to do不定式作宾语补足语,且动词短语go camping“野营”中,动名词作宾语。故选D。 2. Let’s _________ in the forest park. A.go camping B.goes camping C.to go camping 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我们去森林公园野营吧。 考查非谓语动词。let sb do sth“让某人做某事”,省略to的不定式作宾补,go camping“去野营”。故选A。 知识点8 Last weekend, we had an unforgettable trip to a forest park. 上周末,我们在森林公园有一次难忘的旅行。(教材P44) trip n. “(尤指短程往返的)旅行,旅游,出行”;一般指距离较近、时间较短的短途旅行或出行。 常用短语: go on a trip 去旅行 be on a trip 在旅行中 take a trip 去旅行 a school trip 学校旅行 have a good trip祝你旅行愉快 a boat/bus trip乘船/公共汽车旅行 the trip to... 去··的旅行 on one's trip在某人的旅行中 E.g. We went on a trip to Mount Huashan last weekend. 上周末我们去华山旅游了。 I hope you have a good trip. 祝你旅行愉快。 —How was the trip to Beijing? 去北京的旅行怎么样? —Great. 很好。 He is on a trip. 他正在旅行中。 【题型精讲】 1. —What will you do this Sunday? —I will ________ in the countryside with my family. A.take part B.take a trip C.take care 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——这周日你要做什么?——我将和家人去乡村旅行。 考查动词短语。take part参与;take a trip去旅行;take care当心。根据“I will ... in the countryside with my family.”可知,我将和家人去乡村旅行。故选B。 2.It was an ________ trip. I will never forget it. A.forgettable B.unforgettable C.forget D.forgotten 【答案】B 【详解】句意:这是一次难忘的旅行。我将永远不会忘记它。 考查形容词用法。forgettable易被忘记的;unforgettable难以忘记的;forget忘记,动词原形;forgotten忘记,forget的过去分词。根据“an”和“trip”可知需填一个形容词,根据“I will never forget it.”可知是不会忘记,选项B的“unforgettable”符合题意。故选B。 知识点9 At first, my father and I set up the tent, and my mother prepared for dinner. 首先,我和爸爸一起搭帐篷,妈妈准备晚餐。 (教材P44) 1) at first 意为“起初,首先”。其反义短语为:“at last”或“in the end”, 意为“最后,终于”。 E.g. At first, I didn't like English, but now I like it a lot. 起初我不喜欢英语,但我现在非常喜欢它。 2) set up意为“搭建;安装好”。还可意为“建立;设立;开办;设置;安排;策划”。 注意: set up为“动词+副词”型短语,其用法如下: set+名词+up = set up+名词 set+代词+up E.g. Chongqing set up some theme parks for the children. 重庆为孩子们建了一些主题公园。 Please help me set it up. 请帮我安装它。 拓展:set的相关短语 set back耽误:使延误 set off出发:启程:引发;使爆炸 set down记下:制定,规定 set out出发:开始工作 【题型精讲】 -- The government of Hefei plans to _________ more nature parks in 5 years. -- Sounds good. A.set up B.use up C.look up D.pick up 【答案】A 【详解】句意:合肥政府计划在5年内建立更多的自然公园。考查动词短语辨析题。A. set up建立/安排;B. use up用完/耗尽;C. look up查找;D. pick up拾起。根据句意语境,可知set up符合句意,故选A。 知识点10 After some time, we found a small river. 过了一些时间,我们发现了一条河。(教材P44) some time意为“一些时间;一段时间”。time在此处作不可数名词,意为“时间”。 E.g. I need some time off. 我需要休息一段时间。 辨析:some time, sometime, sometimes 和some times 单词/短语 意思 用法 some time 一些时间; 一段时间 表示时间的短语,通常表示在相当长的一段时间里。对其提问用how long。 sometime 在某时 此时作副词,通常指不确定或尚未决定的。对其提问用when. sometimes 有时 频度副词,常位于情态动词、be动词、助动词之后,实义动词之前。可以放在句首、句中或句末。对其提问用 how often。 some times 几次;几倍 表示次数或倍数。对其提问用how many times. E.g. You can work here for some time. 你可以在这里工作一段时间。 I saw him sometime last summer. 我去年夏天什么时候见过他。 Sometimes I go by car. 我有时坐车去。 I visited Beijing some times last year. 我去年参观了北京几次。 链接: time还可作可数名词,意为“次;回”。 E.g. I play football three times a week. 我一周踢三次足球。 归纳: time的相关短语 on time 按时 all the time (在某段时间内)一直;始终 in time 及时 at a time 每次 next time下一次 have a good time 玩得愉快 at times 有时;间或 most of the time 大多数时候 in one's free time 在某人空闲时间 【题型精讲】 1. Jenifer has a lot of homework to do ________, so she hasn’t helped her parents with the housework for ________ . A.every day; some time B.everyday; sometimes C.every day; some times D.everyday; sometime 【答案】A 【详解】句意:詹妮弗每天有很多作业要做,所以她已经有一段时间没有帮父母做家务了。 考查短语辨析。everyday是形容词,意为 “每天的,日常的”,修饰名词;every day“每天”为频率短语,用来修饰整个句子,第一空填every day;some time“一段时间”,sometimes“有时”,some times“几次”,sometime“某时”,根据句意可知,有段时间没帮父母做家务了,第二空填some time。故选A。 2.I have spent ________ on this job. I think I can finish it ________ this afternoon. A.sometime; sometime B.some time; some time C.some time; sometime D.some times; some time 【答案】C 【详解】句意:在这项工作中,我已经花了一些时间了。我认为我可以在今天下午的某个时间完成它。 考查词义辨析。sometime某时;some time一些时间;some times几次。根据“I have spent...on this job”可知是在工作上花了时间,应用“some time”;根据“...this afternoon.”可知是下午的某个时候,不确定具体的时间,用“sometime”。故选C。 知识点11 I held my father's hand. 我抓着爸爸的手。(教材P44) hold v. “抓住;拿着;举行”,其过去式为held。 hold one's hand意为“抓/握着某人的手”。 E.g. Mr. Li held my hand and made mefeel safe. 李老师握着我的手,让我有安全感。 拓展: ① hold 的其他意思 召开;举行 hold 容纳 拥有;持有 E.g. In 2008, China held the 29h Olympic Games. 2008年, 中国举行了第29届奥运会。 The music hall can hold four hundred people. 这个音乐厅能容纳400人。 Employees hold 30% of the shares. 雇员持有30%的股份。 ② hold的相关短语 hold on 等一会儿 hold up 支撑 hold one's breath 屏住呼吸 hold hands 握手 hold a meeting开 hold back 阻挡 【题型精讲】 I decide ________ a party at home next week. A.to hold B.holding C.hold 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我决定下周在家举办一个聚会。 考查非谓语动词。to hold去举办,动词不定式;holding举办,现在分词或动名词;hold举办,动词原形。根据“I decide…a party at home next week.”可知,此处指的是我决定举办聚会,decide to do“决定做某事”,固定短语,动词不定式作宾语,符合语境。故选A。 知识点12 He told me not to worry and tookout a map from his bag. 他告诉我不要担心,然后从他的包里拿出一张地图。(教材P44) 1) tell sb.(not) to do sth. 意为“告诉某人(不要)去做某事”。 E.g. My mom tells me to wash hands before meals. 妈妈告诉我饭前要洗手。 My father tells me not to eat too much candy. 爸爸嘱咐我不要吃太多糖。 归纳: tell的相关短语 tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某事 tell stories/jokes/lies 讲故事/讲笑话/说谎 tell sb. (not ) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要)去做某 tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事 tell A from B 分辨A和B 2) take out意为“拿出,取出,带出去”,是“动词+副词”型短语,其用法如下: take+名词+out = take out+名词 take+代词+out E.g. He took out the key and opened the door. 他取出钥匙,打开门。 Eat here or take it out? 在这儿吃还是带走? 拓展: take...out of... 意为“把......从.....中取出/带出”。 E.g. She took a book out of her schoolbag. 她从书包里拿出一本书。 【题型精讲】 1. My mother tells me ________ late for school. A.not be B.not to be C.don’t be D.to not be 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我妈妈告诉我上学不要迟到。 考查固定短语。tell sb. (not) to do sth. 意为 “告诉某人(不要)做某事” ,be late for 意为 “迟到” ,所以此处用 not to be。故选 B。 2.The story mainly tells us ________ the importance of friendship. A.with B.on C.about D.for 【答案】C 【详解】句意:这个故事主要告诉我们友谊的重要性。 考查介词词义辨析。with和;on在……上面;about关于;for为了。tell sb about sth“告诉某人某事”,固定搭配。故选C。 知识点13 Later, we followed the map all the way back. 然后,我们按照地图一路返回。 (教材P44) 1) follow v. “跟随”。follow the map 意为“按照地图走”。 拓展: ① follow sb. to do sth. 意为“跟着某人做某事”。 E.g. Follow me. I will show you the way. 跟着我,我给你带路。 Please follow me to cross the road. 请跟着我过马路。 ② follow 的其他意思 follow v. 接受,遵循,听从(忠告、指示等)/ 理解,明白 相关短语: follow one's advice/suggestions 听从某人的建议 follow the rules 遵守规则 follow the tips 遵循指示 following adj. “下列的;接着的”。 —Can you follow me? 你能听懂我的话吗? —Yes, I can. 是的,我能听懂。 Answer the following questions. 回答下列问题。 2) all the way意为“一路上;一直”。 E.g. He sang all the way home from school. 从学校到家,他一路上唱着歌儿。 I am with you all the way. 我会一直陪着你。 【题型精讲】 1. Mr White speaks slowly and clearly (清楚地), so all of us can follow him. A.跟随 B.理解 C.赞同 【答案】B 【详解】句意:怀特先生讲得又慢又清楚,所以我们大家都能听懂他的话。 考查动词词义。follow“跟随,理解”,结合“Mr White speaks slowly and clearly”可知,此处指的是“能够理解怀特先生的话”,故选B。 2. — What happened to you? You look scared. — Someone followed me all the way. A.went after B.walked on C.talked with 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——发生什么事了?你看上去很害怕。——有人一直在跟着我。 went after 追赶,跟随;walked on 在……上走;talked with 和……交谈;follow意思是“跟随”,相当于went after。根据句意,故选A。 【点睛】本题考查短语辨析,习惯用语短语辨析题目并不难,学生在答题时要认真仔细一些,一般都不会出现问题。答题过程中结合生活中的常识及了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键,对于这类题,可从句意着手。同时,对于平时的学习要多进行积累词汇,考试时才能很好的完成。 知识点14 Finally, we returned to our tent. 最后,我们返回了帐篷。(教材P44) return 不及物动词,意为“返回;退还”,相当于come/get/go back。 return to+地点,意为“返回”。 E.g. I will return to Chongqing in one month. 一个月之后我将返回重庆。 拓展: return还可作及物动词,意为“归还”,相当于give back。 return sth. to sb. 把某物还给某人 同义短语: return sb. sth. / give sth. back to sb. E.g. Please return the book to me on time. 请按时把书还给我。 = Please return me the book on time. =Please give the book back to me ontime. 【题型精讲】 1. —You can borrow my book but you have to return it next week. —OK, I will. A.put. . . away B.keep. . . off C.give. . . back 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——你可以借我的书,但你必须下周归还。——好的,我会的。 考查动词短语。put…away 收起来;keep…off 远离;give…back 归还。根据“return”可知,此处是指归还,故选C。 2.—When did the Shenzhou-16 astronauts return to the Earth? —On October 31st, 2023. A.go away from B.come back to C.leave for 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——神舟十六号宇航员是什么时候返回地球的?——2023年10月31日。 考查动词短语。go away from从……离开;come back to回到;leave for出发去(某地)。根据“When did the Shenzhou-16 astronauts return to the Earth?”可知,return to the Earth“返回地球”,return to表示“返回某地”的含义,与come back to意义一致。故选B。 知识点15 The night was clear and quiet. 夜晚无云且安静。(教材44) clear adj. “无云(或雾)的;晴朗的”。 E.g. On a clear day you can see France. 天气晴朗的时候,你可以看见法国。 拓展: clear的其他用法 形容词,意为“清晰易懂的;明显的;清澈的”。 clear 动词,意为“移走,搬走;转晴;清除;清理”。clear out 清理;丢掉 clear away 收拾;把···清除掉(以留出空间) clear up 使整洁;清理;转晴 副词,意为“清晰地;明显地”。 E.g. She was quite clear about her reasons for leaving. (作形容词) 她很清楚自己离开的原因。 The water in the lake is very clear. 这个湖里的水很清澈。 We cleared out all our old clothes. (动词) 我们丢掉了所有的旧衣服。 He cleared away and made coffee. 他把东西收拾好以后煮了咖啡。 It's time to clear up. 该打扫了。 【题型精讲】 1.—Look, the sky is blue and clear. The sun shines brightly. —It is wonderful to go to the beach and swim in the sea. A.clean B.cloudless C.hot 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——看,天空又蓝又晴朗,阳光灿烂。——去海滩和在海里游泳真是太棒了。 考查形容词辨析。clean干净的;cloudless无云的,晴朗的;hot热的。根据“the sky is blue and clear. The sun shines brightly.”可知,阳光灿烂,划线单词clear在句中意为“晴朗的”,可用cloudless替换。故选B。 2.Reading is important to us because it can make our minds ________ a pool of water. A.as cool as B.as clear as C.as deep as D.as wide as 【答案】B 【详解】句意:阅读对我们很重要,因为它可以使我们的头脑像一池水一样清澈。 考查形容词辨析。cool凉爽的;clear清晰的;deep深的;wide宽的。根据“a pool of water.”可知,阅读可以让我们头脑像一池水一样清澈。故选B。 知识点16 What safety problems did you meet on your trip and how did you solve them? 在你的旅行中,你遇见了什么安全问题?你是如何解决的?(教材P45) 1) safety n. “安全”。其形容词形式是: safe “安全的”。 E.g. It is not safe to go across the road when the light is red. Please remember, safety comes first. 红灯时横穿马路是不安全的。请记住,安全第一。 拓展: stay/keep safe意为“保持安全”。 2) problem n. “难题;困难”。 E.g. She has a lot of health problems. 她有很多健康问题。 常用短语: have problems (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 have no problem (in) doing sth. 做某事没有困难 no problem 没问题;不用谢 work out/ solve the problem 解决问题 辨析: problem 和question 单词 意思 用法 problem 难题;困难;棘手的问题 常指等待解决的问题或学科中需解决的难题,也可指客观存在或遇到的疑难问题。常与动词solve、cause或动词短语work out、dealwith、work on 等连用。 question 问题 常指需要解决或回答的问题,也可以指考题,常与ask、 answer等连用。 E.g. Thanks for Mr. Li's help, I solve all the problems easily. 多亏李老师的帮助,我轻松地解决了所有问题。 Sorry, I can't answer this question. 对不起,我不能回答这个问题。 【题型精讲】 1. Safety comes first. We should ________ to keep safe on the road. ①obey the traffic rules        ②be careful of passing cars and buses ③run fast after others         ④not read the messages on our mobile phones ⑤play basketball with our friends A.①②④ B.①③⑤ C.②④⑤ D.②③⑤ 【答案】A 【详解】句意:安全第一。我们应该在路上遵守交通规则、小心路过的小汽车和公共汽车、不看手机信息来保持安全。 考查常识。obey the traffic rules遵守交通规则;be careful of passing cars and buses小心过往的小汽车和公共汽车;run fast after others快速追赶别人;not read the messages on our mobile phones不看手机信息;play basketball with our friends和我们的朋友打篮球。根据“keep safe on the road”和常识可知,题干所列①②④符合题意。故选A。 2.To cross the road ________, we should know about the road ________. A.safe; safety B.safely; safe C.safely; safety D.safety; safe 【答案】C 【详解】句意:为了安全地过马路,我们应该了解道路安全。 考查词义辨析。safe安全的,形容词;safely安全地,副词;safety安全,名词。分析句子结构可知,第一个空是修饰动词cross,故应用副词safely;根据句意可知,第二个空指道路安全,road safety“道路安全”,固定词组。故选C。 知识点17 The girl is standing behind the door. 这个女孩正站在门后。(教材P46) behind prep. “在···后面”,表示在物体外部的后面。其反义短语是: in front of E.g. The library is behind the gym. 图书馆在体育馆的后面。 辨析: behind, after和at the back of 单词/短语 用法 behind 常用于表示位置或方位上的“在……后面”。 after 常用于表示时间或顺序上的“在……之后”。 at the back of 通常表示在物体内部的后面。 E.g. Li Ling usually sits behind me. 李玲通常坐在我后面。 There is a cinema behind the library. 图书馆后面有个电影院。 After an hour, you can go to school. 一个小时后,你可以去学校。 Your name comes after mine in the list. 在名单上你的名字在我的后面。 There are some bookshelves at the back of the library. 图书馆后面有一些书架。 【题型精讲】 1. There is a ball behind the box in Picture ________. A. B. C. 【答案】C 【详解】句意:在图C中,盒子后面有一个球。 考查介词。根据“There is a ball behind the box”可知,盒子后面有一个球,图片C符合题意。故选C。 2. —Are there any trees ________ the school sports field? —Yes. And behind it is our new library. A.with B.between C.under D.in front of 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——学校运动场前面有树吗? ——有。它后面是我们的新图书馆。 考查介词辨析。with和……一起,带有;between在……(两者) 之间;under在……下面;in front of在……前面。根据“And behind it is our new library.”可知,运动场后面是新图书馆,所以此处是询问运动场前面是否有树,应用in front of。故选D。 知识点18 Mr. Li lives at the end of Park Road. There are no houses to the right, but there is a tree there. 李先生住在公园路的尽头。右边没有房子了,但是那有一棵树。(教材P46) no houses意为“没有房子”。no与名词搭配时的用法: no+单数名词 = not a/an+单数名词 no+复数名词 = not any+复数名词 no+不可数名词 = not any+不可数名词 E.g. There is no bridge over the river. = There is not a bridge over the river. 河上没有桥。 We have no lessons this afternoon. = We don't have any lessons this afternoon. 我们今天下午没有课。 I have no money. = I don't have any money. 我没钱。 【题型精讲】 1. There ________ not any water in the glass. A.is B.are C.have 【答案】A 【详解】句意:玻璃杯里没有水了。 考查语法一致。根据“not any water”可知,water是不可数名词,所以be动词用“is”。故选A。 2.There________books in my desk. A.isn't any B.aren't any C.am not any 【答案】B 【详解】试题分析: 句意:我的课桌里没有书。books书,可数名词复数,there be句型就近原则,可知为there are, 故选B. 考点:考查there be句型。 知识点19 —Kangkang, what happened to you just now? 康康,刚才发生了什么? —I didn't find the way to your community. I was lost. 我找不到去你住的社区的路。我迷路了。(教材P47) 1) happen v. “发生;碰巧”,常指偶然发生,主语通常是物,后常接地点或时间状语。 “What happened (to sb.)?” “(某人)发生了什么事情?”,多用于过去式。 E.g. —What heppened to you this moming? 今天早上怎么了? —A car accident heppened to me. 我出了车祸。 常见用法:sth. happens / happened to sth. “某人发生某事”, 常指不好的事情。 sth. happens/happened+时间状语/地点状语 某时/某事某地发生 happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 E.g. You don't happen to know his name, do you? 你不会碰巧知道他的名字吧? 拓展: 询问突发情况、疾病和不适,表示“发生了什么事情?”的句型有: What happened (to...)? What's the matter (with...)? What's wrong (with...)? What's the trouble (with...)? Is there anything wrong (with...)? 2) just now意为“刚才”,常与一般过去时连用,位于句首或句末。 E.g. You looked very sad just now. 你刚才看上去很伤心。 【题型精讲】 1. —You look very sad. ________? —I lost my mobile phone on my way to school. A.How did you like it B.What happened C.Where did you go 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你看起来很伤心。发生什么事了?——我在上学的路上丢了手机。 考查情景交际。How did you like it你觉得它怎么样;What happened发生什么事了;Where did you go你去哪了。根据下文回答“I lost my mobile phone on my way to school.”可知,对方在上学的路上丢了手机。因此此处是询问对方发生什么事了。故选B。 2.—What happened ________ the man yesterday? —He fell off a ladder and hurt his legs. A.to B.with C.from D.over 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——昨天那个人怎么了?——他从梯子上摔下来,伤了腿。 考查介词辨析。to向,到;with和;from从;over在……上方。sth happen to sb“某人发生了某事”。故选A。 知识点20 I asked an old man for help. 我向一个老年人寻求帮助。(教材P47) ask (sb.) for help 意为“向(某人)寻求帮助”,可与turn to sb.互换。 E.g. When we are in trouble, we can ask the policeman for help. = When we are in trouble, we can turn to the policeman. 当我们遇到麻烦,我们可以向警察寻求帮助。 拓展: ask的相关短语 ask sb. for sth. 向某人索要某物 ask sb. (not) to do sth. 要求某人(不要)做某事 E.g. ask parents for money 向父母要钱 My mother asked me to do my homework. 我妈妈让我去做作业。 知识点21 She shook the tree and the tent fell down. 她摇了摇树,然后帐篷掉下来了。(教材P47) fall down 意为“落下;摔倒,跌倒;倒塌”。表示“从··上摔下/落下”,常用fall down from... E.g. Watch your step, or you may fall down. 小心脚下,否则你可能会摔倒。 拓展: fall的相关短语 fal into 可以分成;能够分成 fall off (数量、质量等)下降;从······掉下 fall ill 生病 fal asleep入睡;睡着 fall behind 落后 fall in love with 爱上 E.g. My talk falls naturally into three parts. 我的讲话可以自然分成三个部分。 She soon fell behind the leaders. 她很快就落在领先者的后面。 After changing the bed sheets, I would fall asleep quickly. 更换床单后,我会很快入睡。 【题型精讲】 Some old houses ________ in my hometown last summer. A.fall down B.fell down C.write down D.wrote down 【答案】B 【详解】句意:去年夏天我家乡的一些旧房子倒掉了。 考查动词短语。fall down 倒塌;fell down倒塌,一般过去时;write down写下;wrote down写下,一般过去时;根据句意可排除C、D,根据last summer,可知用过去时态;故选B。 知识点22 They sat around the fire and had a great time. 他们围坐在火旁度过了愉快的时光。(教材P47) 1) sit around 意为“围绕······坐”。 E.g. They sat around the table and ate noodles yesterday evening. 他们昨晚围坐在坐旁吃面条。 归纳:around的相关短语 go around围绕......走 look around环顾四周 run around 绕着....跑 get around 四处逛逛 walk around 绕着.....散步 show sb. around... 带某人参观..... E.g. I like walking around a lake near our house with my parents on weekends. 我喜欢在周末和我父母绕着离我家不远的一个湖散步。 Let me show you around. 让我带你参观一下。 链接: around的其他用法 介词,意为“围绕,环绕;在那边”。 around 副词,意为“大约”,常用在数字之前,相当于about。 E.g. There are many trees around the library. (作介词) 在图书馆周围有很多树。 There are around 16,000 books in the library. (作副词) 图书馆大约有1万6千本书。 【题型精讲】 —How about asking Mrs. Rice to ________ the students ________ the new library? —Good idea! Mrs. Rice just works there and knows it well. A.show; around B.write; down C.look; up D.think; about 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——请赖斯夫人带学生们参观新图书馆怎么样?——好主意!赖斯夫人就在那里工作,对那里非常了解。 考查动词短语。show...around...带领……参观;write...down把……记下来;look...up查找;think...about考虑,思考。根据“asking Mrs. Rice to...the students...the new library?”可知,应是带学生参观新图书馆。故选A。 单元语法 一、介词(Prepositions) 1) 概念: 介词是一种虚词,在句中起媒介作用,表示句中词与词直接的关系。介词不能单独作句子成分,只能用在名词、代词或作用相当于名词的其他词类、词组或从句之前,与之一起构成介词短语作句子成分。介词在句中的用途极为广泛、灵活,往往同一个词与不同的介词搭配会表示完全不同的意义。介词的种类有很多,比如时间介词、地点介词、方位介词、方式介词等。本单元主要学习了表示地点、方位的介词和介词短语,如on、in、over、above、under、in front of、next to等。 2) 方位介词和介词短语的用法 (1) 表示“上下”的方位介词 上 on 在……上 表示前者在后者的表面上,二者相互接触。 above 在...上方;在...之上 表示前者高于后者,但二者之间不必垂直,无接触面。 over 在……上面 表示前者在后者的垂直上方,不直接接触。 下 under 在……下面 表示前者在后者的垂直下方,二者不接触,与over是反义词。 below 在/到……下面 表示前者在后者的下方,但不一定垂直,二者不接触,与above是反义词。 E.g. He put his book on the desk. 他把他的书放在书桌上。 The bird is flying above the tree. 这只鸟在这棵树上方飞。 There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座桥。 There is a basketball under the desk. 书桌下面有一个篮球。 Please write your telephone numberbelow the line. 请把你的电话号码写在线下。 (2) 表示“里面”“中间”的方位介词或短语 里面 in 在……里面,强调内部空间 中间 between 在……中间(两者),常用于between...and...结构中,意为“在……和……之间”。 among 在……中间(三者或三者以上) in the middle of 在……中间 E.g. My sister is reading a book in the study. 我姐姐正在书房看书。 The bank is between the supermarket and the library. 银行在超市和图书馆之间。 There is a house among trees. 树林中有一栋房子。 There is a square in the middle of the city. 市中心有一个广场。 (3 )表示“附近;旁边”“对面”的方位介词或短语 附近 near 靠近 next to 紧挨着 在....旁边 by 靠近;在.....旁边 beside 在旁边(或附近) 对面 across from 在……对面, 与opposite同义。 E.g. I live near my school. 我住在学校附近。 My sister is standing next to my mother. 我妹妹正站在我妈妈旁边。 There is a supermarket across from a hotel. 宾馆对面有一家超市。 My mother is running by the lake. 我妈妈正在湖边跑步。 He lived beside the mountain. 他住在山林附近。 (4) 表示“沿着”“穿过”“越过”的方位介词 沿着 along 沿着;顺着(不侧重方向性) up 沿着;顺着(指向北或向上) down 沿着;顺着(指向南或向下) 穿过 across (从表面) 横过,穿过 through (从内部) 穿过 越过 over 越过 E.g. Let's walk along the street. 咱们沿着街走吧。 You can walk up/down the street and turn left. 你可以沿着这条街走,然后向左拐。 There's a way across the fields. 有一条路穿过田地。 I climbed through the window.我 从窗口爬了出来。 They jumped over the stream. 他们跳过了小溪。 (5)表示“前”后”“左”:“右”介词或短语 前 in front of 在……(外部的)前面 in the front of 在……(内部的)前面 后 behind 在……(外部的)后面 at the back of... 在……(内部的)后面 左 on the/one's left 在某人的左边 on the/one's left of 在……左边 右 on the/one's right 在某人的右边 on the/one's right of 在……右边 E.g. There is a big tree in front of the house. 房子前面有一棵树。 Mr. Li is standing in front of the classroom. 李老师正站在教室前面。 Li Ming is standing behind the door. 李明正站在门后面。 Liu Jing is doing some cleaning at the back of the classroom. 刘静正在教室后面打扫卫生。 Shi Li sits on my left. 石丽坐在我的左边。 Walk along the street, and you cansee a shop on the right. 沿着这条街走,你会在右边看见一家商店。 (6)方位介词的相关短语 on...Road/Street 在···路/街 across from 在···对面 on the corner of... 在···拐角处 at the end of... 在···的尽头 on the second floor 在二楼 in the tree/in trees 在树上(外来的物体在树上) on the tree/on trees 在树上(树本身的东西在树上) 链接: 表示“东南西北”等方向的词汇与介词in/on/to搭配使用时,有各自不同的含义。 乙 甲 乙 甲 乙 甲 In on to E.g. Hainan is in the south of China. (在内部)海南在中国南部。 Henan is on the north of Hubei. (接壤) 河南在湖北的北边。 Beijing is to the east of Shanxi. (不接壤) 北京在山西的东边。 【题型精讲】 用适当的介词或介词短语填空。 1. The family walk __________ the park after dinner. (沿着) 【答案】along 【详解】“along”表示“沿着”,一家人晚饭后沿着公园散步。 2. The playground is __________ the school building, so students can play after class. (后面) 【答案】behind 【详解】“behind”表示“在……后面”,操场在学校建筑的后面,表示外部的后面,学生下课后可以去玩。 3. The supermarket is _____________ the street, right opposite the bank.(对面) 【答案】across from 【详解】“across from”表示“在……对面”,超市在街道的另一边,正对银行,说明两者的相对位置。 4. The teacher’s desk is ______________ the classroom, facing all the students.(前面) 【答案】in the front of 【详解】“in the front of”表示“在……前面”,老师的桌子在教室的前面,表示内部的前面。 5. The tree is ________________ the house, providing shade in the backyard.(左边) 【答案】on the left of 【详解】“on the left of ”表示“在……的左边”,树在房子的左边。 二、一般过去时 (The simple past tense I ) 1) 概念: 一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如:yesterday、(时间段)+ago、just now、 last night、last week等。此外,一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。一般过去时习惯上分为两种:①行为动词构成的一般过去时;②be动词构成的一般过去时。本单元重点学习行为动词构成的一般过去时。 E.g. I got up at 6:30 yesterday. 我昨天6点半起床的。 He always went to work by bus last year. 去年他总是乘公共汽车上班。 2) 动词过去式的构成 (1) 规则动词过去式的构成 构成规则 构成方法 例词 一般情况 直接在词尾加-ed pick-picked shout-shouted help-helped wash-washed 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词 直接加-d use-used live-lived hope-hoped like-liked 以重读闭音节或r音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词 先双写该辅音字母,再加-ed stop-stopped plan-planned shop-shopped prefer-prefered 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词 先变y为i,再加-ed cry-cried carry-carried study-studied worry-worried 巧学助记: 过去式构成有规律,一般词尾加-ed; 词尾如果有个e,直接加-d就可以; 一辅重闭作尾巴,双写之后加-ed; 辅音字母y结尾,变y为i加-ed。 注意: 规则动词过去式的读音:清后/t/; 元浊/d/; /t/、/d/之后读/ɪd/。具体见下表: 读音 例词 在清辅音后面 /t/ finished /'fɪnɪʃt/ cooked /kukt/ 在浊辅音和元音后面 /d/ called /kɔːld/ borrowed /'bɒrəʊd/ 在/t/、/d/后面 /ɪd/ wanted /'wɒntɪd/ needed /'niːdɪd/ (2) 不规则动词过去式的构成 类型 例词 过去式和原形一样 /t/ cut-cut put-put let-let hurt-hurt 中间元音变化 变i为a begin-began sing-sang give-gave drink-drank swim-swam ring-rang 变i为o drive-drove ride-rode write-wrote 变ow/aw为ew grow-grew know-knew draw-drew blow-blew throw-threw 中间去e,词尾加t keep-kept feel-felt sweep-swept sleep-slept 词尾的d变为t spend-spent send-sent lend-lent build-built 变为以ought和aught结尾 buy-bought think-thought catch-caught teach-taught 3) 含有行为动词的一般过去时的句式结构 肯定句 主语 + 动词的过去式 + 其他. 否定句 主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他. 一般疑问句及其回答 —Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? —Yes, 主语 + did. / —No, 主语 + didn't. 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? E.g. I booked a hotel last night. 我昨晚预定了一家酒店。 I didn't book a hotel last night. 我昨晚没有预定酒店 —Did you book a hotel last night? 你昨晚预定酒店了吗? —Yes, I did. 是的,我订了。 —No, I didn't. 不,我没订。 When did you book a hotel? 你昨晚什么时候预定的酒店? 【题型精讲】 用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Yesterday, I __________ (sleep) for eight hours and felt very refreshed. 【答案】slept 【详解】句意:昨天我睡了八个小时,感觉非常精神。根据“Yesterday”可知,句子用一般过去时,动词“sleep”的过去式是“slept”。 2. She __________ (carry) a heavy box to the third floor by herself. 【答案】carried 【详解】句意:她自己把一个重箱子搬到了三楼。根据句意,动作发生在过去,动词“carry”的过去式是“carried”。 3. They __________ (like) the movie so much that they watched it twice. 【答案】liked 【详解】句意:他们非常喜欢这部电影,所以看了两遍。根据句意,动作发生在过去,动词“like”的过去式是“liked”。 4. He __________ (put) the book on the table and left the room quietly. 【答案】put 【详解】句意:他把书放在桌子上,然后悄悄地离开了房间。根据句意,动作发生在过去,动词“put”的过去式仍然是“put”。 5. My parents __________ (give) me a new bike as a birthday gift last year. 【答案】gave 【详解】句意:去年我父母送了我一辆新自行车作为生日礼物。根据“last year”可知,句子用一般过去时,动词“give”的过去式是“gave”。 ➽思维导图 ➽基础过关 一、单词拼写 1.I won’t forget this matter. For me, it is very (forgettable). 【答案】unforgettable 【详解】句意:我不会忘记这件事的。对我来说,这是非常难忘的。根据“I won’t forget this matter.”可知,不会忘记这件事,应是指难以忘记的,unforgettable“难忘的”符合。故填 unforgettable。 2.Do you know what is h (发生) over there? 【答案】(h)appening 【详解】句意:你知道那边正在发生什么事吗?根据“what is...over there”和汉语提示可知此 处表达“正在发生什么”,用现在进行时“be doing”结构,happen“发生”,动词原形,其现在分 词是happening。故填(h)appening。 3. (add) some hot water if you think the tea is too strong. 【答案】Add 【详解】句意:如果你认为茶太浓,加些热水。根据句子结构可知,主句是祈使句,以动词原形开头。故填Add。 4.They will /bɪld/ a bridge over the river. 【答案】build 【详解】句意:他们将在河上建一座桥。根据音标/bɪld/,可以确定此处应填动词“build”。在句子中,“build”作谓语,表示“建造”的动作。故填build。 5.It’s good to come back home after two weeks in a t (帐篷). 【答案】(t)ent 【详解】句意:在外面帐篷里待了两周后回到家真好。帐篷:tent,名词,在句子中作宾语。故填(t)ent。 二、完成句子 1.I was watching TV at this time yesterday.  (对划线部分提问) you doing at this time yesterday? 【答案】 What were 【详解】句意:昨天下午这个时候我正在看电视。划线部分表示具体做的活动,此处提问用“what”;原句使用过去进行时,因此提问要用“was/were doing”结构;根据主语“you”选择“were”,并将其置于主语“you”前。故填What;were。 2.Ann did her homework yesterday evening. 否定句: 一般疑问句: 对划线部分提问: 【答案】 Ann didn’t do her homework yesterday evening. Did Ann do her homework yesterday evening? When did Ann do her homework? 【详解】句意:Ann昨天晚上做了家庭作业。原句为肯定句,时态为一般过去时,原句中有实义动词did“做”, 改为否定句需借助否定助动词didn’t,后面加动词原形do;改为一般疑问句,需借助助动词did,将助动词 did提前,动词变为原形do;划线部分yesterday evening为时间,对时间进行提问用疑问词when,后加助 动词did,动词变为原形do。故填Ann didn’t do her homework yesterday evening.;Did Ann do her homework yesterday evening?;When did Ann do her homework?。 3.Jenny cried after reading the email from her mother. (对划线部分提问) Jenny ? 【答案】 When did cry 【详解】句意:珍妮读了母亲的邮件后哭了。划线部分是珍妮哭泣的时间,应用when提问;原句是一般过 去时,疑问句用助动词did,后跟动词原形cry。故填When did;cry。 4.Gork’s roar shook the cave at that moment. (改为否定句) Gork’s roar the cave at that moment. 【答案】 didn’t shake 【详解】句意:Gork此时发出的咆哮声震动了山洞。根据“Gork’s roar shook...”可知,句子时态为一般过去 时,该句的谓语动词为实义动词shook,故改为否定句时应借助助动词do,此时应用其过去式did,否定句 在其后面加not,根据所给空格数量可知,此处用缩写形式didn’t;助动词后面接动词原形,shook“震动”的 原形为shake。故填didn’t;shake。 5.The library is in front of the music hall. (改为同义句) The music hall the library. 【答案】 is behind 【详解】句意:图书馆在音乐厅的前面。改为同义句可表达为“音乐厅在图书馆的后面”,主语是The music hall, be动词用is;behind“在……后面”。故填is;behind。 3、 单项选择 ( )1.When we travel around, ________ must come first. A.safety B.shower C.price D.speed 【答案】A 【详解】句意:当我们旅行时,安全必须放在第一位。 考查名词辨析。safety安全;shower淋浴;price价格;speed速度。根据常识可知,旅行时最重要的是安全,用safety符合语境。故选A。 ( )2.The comedy Mr. Bean made us laugh _________. A.by the way B.on the way C.in the way D.all the way 【答案】D 【详解】句意:喜剧片《憨豆先生》让我们自始至终笑个不停。 考查介词短语。by the way顺便问一下;on the way在路上;in the way阻碍,挡道;all the way一路上,自始至终。根据“The comedy Mr. Bean made us laugh”可知,这个片子让我一直笑到尾,故选D。 ( )3.— Can you tell us the way ________ the zoo? — Sure, Go down this street and turn right ________ the supermarket A.for; on B.for; at C.to; on D.to; at 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——你能告诉我们去动物园的路吗?——当然可以,沿着这条街走,然后在超市右转。 考查介词辨析。for为了;on在……上面;at在;to向。the way to...“去……的路”,第一空用介词to;at the supermarket“在超市”,第二空用介词at,故选D。 ( )4. Look! There is a teacher’s desk ________ our classroom and there is a big tree __________ the classroom. A.in the front of; in the front of B.in front of; in front of C.in front of; in the front of D.in the front of; in front of 【答案】D 【详解】考查短语辨析。句意:看!我们教室前面有一个讲桌,教室前面有一棵大树。 考查介词短语。in the front of在……前面,指物体内部的前面,讲桌在教室内部;in front of在……前面,指物体外部的前面,树在教室外的前面,故选D。 ( )5.I love my school and I really have a good time at my school. A.enjoy myself B.find something new C.learn a lot D.want a schoolbag 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我爱我的学校,我在学校过得很愉快。 考查动词短语。enjoy myself玩得开心;find something new发现一些新的东西;learn a lot学到很多;want a schoolbag想要一个书包。句中划线部分“have a good time”意为“玩得开心”,与“enjoy myself”同义。故选A。 ( )6.I don’t want Dad to teach ________ how to fish. I can teach ________. A.me; myself B.me; me C.my; me D.my; myself 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我不想让爸爸教我如何钓鱼。我可以自学。 考查代词辨析。me我,宾格代词;myself我自己,反身代词;my我的,形容词性物主代词。第一空作为动词teach的宾语,用宾格me;根据“I can teach …”可知,表示我自学,teach oneself“自学”,故用myself。故选A。 ( )7.—________? —Good idea. A.How are you B.What do you do C.What about going camping D.Where are you from 【答案】C 【详解】句意;——去露营怎么样?——好主意。 考查情景交际。How are you“你好吗”,问身体状况,答语应是I’m fine/fine;What do you do“你是做什么的”,询问职业,答语应是一种职业;What about going camping“去露营怎么样”,提出建议,答语应是赞成或反对;Where are you from“你从哪里来”,询问来自哪里,答语应是表示地点的名词。结合语境,答语“Good idea.”表示赞成,上一句应是提出建议。故选C。 ( )8.—Would you like _________ on Sunday, Daming? —Yes, I’d love to. A.go camping B.to go camping C.going camping D.go to camp 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——大明,你愿意在星期天去野营吗?——是的,我愿意。 考查非谓语动词和动词短语。go camping“去野营”,would like to do sth“愿意做某事”,故选B。 ( )9.Betty works really hard. Finally, she won the first place. A.In the end B.At first C.At the end of D.Luckily 【答案】A 【详解】句意:贝蒂工作很努力。最后,她获得了第一名。考查同义词(短语)辨析题。A. In the end最后;B. At first当初;C. At the end of在……最后;D. Luckily幸运地。finally最后,和in the end同义;根据句意语境,可知选A。 ( )10.—I plan to travel to America, so I’ll be away for _________. —Really? Enjoy yourself. Just I will visit my grandparents _________ next week. A.some time, sometime B.some time, some time C.some times, sometimes 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——我计划去美国旅行,所以我要离开一段时间。——真的吗?玩得开心。只是我下周某个时候会去看望我的祖父母。 考查副词短语和名词短语。some time一段时间;sometime某个时候;some times几次;sometimes有时。根据“so I’ll be away for”可知是离开一段时间,用some time;根据“next week”可知是下周的某个时候会去看望祖父母,用sometime。故选A。 ➽能力提升 1、 完形填空。先通读短文,掌握其大意,然后从 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 A few months ago, my parents gave me a mobile phone (手机) as a gift. I kept my eyes focusing (聚焦) on the 1 all summer and forgot all around me. So when my dad said “This year, we’ll 2 something special. We’ re going camping!” I felt 3 . It wasn’t my dream holiday. I kept 4 on the way. Actually, I was lost (迷失) in the phone. When we drove across a bridge, I looked up 5 my phone was out of service (没信号). “I 6 a campsite (宿营地) without mobile phone service.” my dad said.  “And your phone will be useless until we 7 home.” That night, I went to bed angrily at the campsite. But when I woke up in the morning and heard the birds singing, I felt cozy (惬意的) and relaxed. I found that the more I let myself become a part of 8 , the more I focused on myself. During those four days, I hiked (徒步), swam and fished. I saw the brightest stars and smelt the freshest air. My dad told me stories of his life…Time passed so quickly that I didn’t think of my 9 at all. Why would I? What could be 10 than the moments (时刻) I was sharing with my family in nature? Ever since then, whenever I feel I need a break, I pack up my things and drive until my phone shows “No service”. ( )1.A.screen B.size C.colour D.price ( )2.A.paint B.do C.plant D.read ( )3.A.busy B.touching C.unhappy D.lonely ( )4.A.silent B.clean C.healthy D.safe ( )5.A.and B.because C.when D.so ( )6.A.visit B.serve C.miss D.choose ( )7.A.walk around B.go back C.listen to D.take care of ( )8.A.history B.work C.life D.nature ( )9.A.bike B.class C.phone D.book ( )10.A.taller B.heavier C.better D.louder 【答案】 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.D 7.B 8.D 9.C 10.C 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者拥有手机后,沉迷其中,忽略了周围的世界,在一次家庭露营中,这种情况发生改变的故事。 1.句意:我整个夏天都盯着它的屏幕,忘记了周围的一切。 screen屏幕;size尺寸;colour颜色;price价格。根据文中“I kept my eyes focusing on the…all summer and forgot all around me.”可知,此处指的是作者盯着屏幕看。故选A。 2.句意:今年,我们要做一些特别的事情。 paint用颜料画;do做;plant种植;read读。根据文中“This year, we’ll…something special. We’ re going camping!”可知,此处指的是作者一家将要做一些特别的事情。故选B。 3.句意:我感到不开心。 busy繁忙的;touching感人的;unhappy不开心的;lonely孤独的。根据文中“I felt…”及下文“It wasn’t my dream holiday.”可知,此处指的是作者感到不开心。故选C。 4.句意:我在路上保持沉默。 silent沉默的;clean干净的;healthy健康的;safe安全的。根据文中“It wasn’t my dream holiday. I kept…on the way.”可知,此处指的是作者不开心,保持沉默。故选A。 5.句意:当我们开车过桥时,我抬头看了看,因为我的手机没信号。 and并且;because因为;when当……时候;so因此。根据文中“When we drove across a bridge, I looked up…my phone was out of service”及上文中“Actually, I was lost in the phone.”可知,此处作者表示抬起头的原因是手机没有信号。because“因为”,引导原因状语从句,符合语境。故选B。 6.句意:我选择了一个没有手机服务的露营地。 visit参观;serve服务;miss错过;choose选择。根据文中“‘…a campsite without mobile phone service.’ my dad said.”及下文中“And your phone will be useless until we…home.”可知,此处指的是作者的父亲选择了一个没有手机服务的露营地。故选D。 7.句意:在我们回家之前,你的手机将无法使用。 walk around四处走走;go back回去;listen to听听;take care of照顾好。根据文中“And your phone will be useless until we…home.”及下文中“That night, I went to bed angrily at the campsite.”可知,此处表示手机在回家之前都是没用的。go back“回去”,符合语境。故选B。 8.句意:我发现,我越是让自己成为大自然的一部分,我就越关注自己。 history历史;work工作;life生活;nature自然。根据前文“I found that the more I let myself become a part of…the more I focused on myself.”及上文中“But when I woke up in the morning and heard the birds singing, I felt cozy and relaxed.”可知,此处指的是作者成为自然的一部分。故选D。 9.句意:时间过得太快了,我根本没有想到我的手机。 bike自行车;class班;phone手机;book书。根据文中“Time passed so quickly that I didn’t think of my…at all.”及上文可知,此处指的是作者在露营期间没有想到手机。故选C。 10.句意:还有什么比我在大自然中与家人分享的时刻更好的呢? taller更高的;heavier更重的;better更好的;louder更大声的。根据文中“What could be…than the moments I was sharing with my family in nature?”可知,此处指的是没有比与家人在大自然中分享的时刻更好的了。故选C。 二、阅读理解 A Bulletin Board Study Group Free for Grades 1~8! From 3:20 p. m. to 6 p. m. At Room 301, library meet new friends get homework help play games Phone: 519-xxx-5005 Table Talk Girls in Grades 6~8. Please come to our Table Talk on Friday. When: 5 p. m.~7:30 p. m. Where: HIMG Meeting Room What: Girls can do many things Music! Fun! And more! GIRL Phone: 304-xxx-0255 Be a tiger scout! Who: any Grade One students What we do: sell books go camping go biking Want to know more about Tiger Scout? E-mail: Tiger 226 ppe@ gmail.com Dan Jones: 719-xxx-6445 Cost: $ 2 a month $ 50 for clothes Notes: scout 童子军; cost 费用 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 ( )1.Study Group is from 3:20 p. m. to ________. A.5:00 p. m. B.5:50 p. m. C.6:00 p. m. D.7:30 p. m. ( )2.Who can go to Table Talk? A.Bob, in Grade 8. B.Lucy, in Grade 3. C.Jack, in Grade 6. D.Emma, in Grade 7. ( )3.Gina wants to talk with other girls, and she can call ________ . A.519-xxx-5005 B.304-xxx-0255 C.304-xxx-502 D.719-xxx-6445 ( )4.Students can ________ in Tiger Scout. A.ride bikes B.meet new friends C.play games D.do their homework ( )5.Which of the following is TRUE? A.Study Group is in a classroom. B.Table Talk begins at 5 p. m. on Monday. C.Study Group is free for students. D.Students of Grades 1~8 can join (加入) Tiger Scout. 【答案】1.C 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.C 【导语】本文主要介绍了留言板上的信息。 1.细节理解题。根据“Study Group From 3:20 p. m. to 6 p. m.”可知学习小组是从下午3:20到下午6点。故选C。 2.细节理解题。根据“Table Talk Girls in Grades 6 ~ 8.”可知六到八年级的女孩可以参加。故选D。 3.细节理解题。根据“What: Girls can do many things Phone: 304-xxx-0255”可知如果想和其他女孩谈话,可以拨打电话304-xxx-0255。故选B。 4.细节理解题。根据“What we do: sell books go camping go biking”可知在Tiger Scout,可以骑自行车。故选A。 5.细节理解题。根据“Study Group Free for Grades 1 ~ 8!”可知学习小组对学生来说是免费的。故选C。 B Here comes autumn! It is the third season of the year. In China, autumn arrives around September. It is still a little warm, but it gets colder and colder. The days also get shorter and shorter. The leaves on the trees begin to turn yellow and red. The air is fresh. It’s a great season for kids to play outside. What do children do in autumn in different countries? In China, students often have an autumn picnic. Usually, they go to an amusement park (游乐场), and kids in Beijing like to go to Fragrant Hills (香山). Most children also like to play games with their classmates here. Japanese students often go hiking with their parents or classmates when the leaves are red and yellow. It is a perfect way to get exercise. Mountain climbing in nice weather is also a good choice. For most children in the US, biking is a good autumn activity. Take a mountain bike and you can find new roads. Playing in the leaf piles is popular, too. Kids jump onto leaf piles. They are happy to see the colorful leaves flying all around. They also make leaves rain. It’s all a lot of fun. In the UK, school kids love to go camping outside with their parents. They make food over the fire and tell ghost stories. ( )6.What is autumn like in China? A.The weather is cold. B.The nights get longer and longer. C.All the leaves on the trees turn green. D.It’s a great season for children to stay inside. ( )7.What do Chinese students love doing? ①going to an amusement park      ②going out into nature   ③swimming   ④skiing A.①② B.②④ C.①②③ D.①②③④ ( )8.What does the underlined word “perfect” mean? A.Important. B.Great. C.Healthy. D.Difficult. ( )9.What can be the best title for the passage? A.Have fun in autumn B.Kids love autumn C.Kids in different countries D.Kids’ favorite autumn activities 【答案】6.B 7.A 8.B 9.D 【导语】本文主要介绍了秋天到来时不同国家的孩子进行的活动。 6.细节理解题。根据“In China, autumn arrives around September. It is still a little warm, but it gets colder and colder. The days also get shorter and shorter.”可知,中国的秋天白天越来越短,意味着夜晚越来越长。故选B。 7.细节理解题。根据“Usually, they go to an amusement park (游乐场), and kids in Beijing like to go to Fragrant Hills (香山).”可知,在中国孩子们秋天会去游乐场或者走进大自然。故选A。 8.词义猜测题。根据“Japanese students often go hiking with their parents or classmates when the leaves are red and yellow. It is a perfect way to get exercise.”可知,当树叶变红变黄的时候,日本学生经常和他们的父母或同 学去远足,这是一种完美的锻炼方式,单词“perfect”和“great”为近义词,表示“很好的”。故选B。 9.标题归纳题。根据“What do children do in autumn in different countries?”可知,本文主要讲述了不同国家 的孩子在秋天进行的活动。故选D。 1 / 14 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$null Unit 9 Exploring the Topic (探索板块) 主题内容 学习目标 主题范畴: 人与自我→积极向上的生活,安全与防护 人与社会→社区环境与设施,良好的人际关系和人际交往 主题内容: 围绕话题From Here to There展开,Thinking Skills部分为思维技能学习,内容为按照时间顺序排序,即通过使用表示时间顺序的单词,并用first, next, then, last等描述事件进展的顺序。Reading Strategies部分为阅读策略学习,内容为通过使用上下文线索(包括文本、标志、符号等)以及已有经验来推断文本的隐含意义。Theme Reading部分为主题阅读活动,运用本单元所学的思维技能和阅读策略开展主题阅读,是整个单元最核心的部分。Grammar in Use部分为语法的学习,语法内容为介词和一般过去时。 1. 语言知识&技能: (1)运用表示时间顺序的单词,如first, next, then, last等了解事件进展的过程; (2)使用文本语境推断文本深层意义的阅读策略,学习理解文本主题; (3) 在图片和对话等语篇中理解、体会介词和一般过去时的形式和表意功能; (4)在语境中体验介词的使用规则,结合表格内容总结一般过去时的动词变化规则; 2. 文化意识&思维品质: (1)借助序列链表格,和同伴谈论交通方式的发展史; (2)围绕所给问题描述自己的家庭旅行经历,感受旅行带来的挑战与快乐。 3. 学习策略: (1)根据文本内容,填写交通方式进展的序列链; (2)根据文本内容填写序列链图表,并结合序列链图表补全对话; (3) 使用表格形式,形象、直观地总结和归纳语法规则。 ➽自主预习 请预习下列重点单词、短语和句型,并完成下面的表格。 词性 中文 英文 重点 单词 名词 1. 标志,招牌;迹象,预兆 2. 岛 3. 前面;前部 4. 晚上;傍晚 5. 帐篷 6. 旅行 7. 安全 8. 难题;困难 9. 邮寄;邮件;贴子 10. 办公室 11. 邮局 12. 邻居 13. 社区 14. 村庄 动词 1. 站立,站起来;容忍,忍受 2. 抓住;拿着;举行 3. 返回;退还 4. 发生;碰巧 5. 摇动;抖动 6. 建造 7. 划(船) 8. 遵循,听从;跟随 9. 解决;处理 10. 增加;添加 11. 坐 形容词 1. 令人难忘的 2. 悲哀的,难过的;令人悲哀的 3. 处境(或情况)安全;安全的 4. 黑暗的;昏暗的 副词 突然;忽然 介词 1. 在旁边 2. 在...后面 代词 我自己;亲自 兼词 1. n.礼物;天赋 v.白送 2. n.速度;迅速 v.快速;加速 3. adj.无云的;晴朗的;清晰易懂的 v.移走,搬走;转晴 4. ν.喊叫;哭 n.叫喊,叫声 5. adv. 回原处 n.背部;后部 6. v.关注,在意;关心,关怀 n.照料,护理;小心,谨慎 7. ν.露营;宿营 n.营地 8. n./v. 拥抱 重点 短语 中文 英文 中文 英文 1. 返回到..;追溯到... 2. 有更多的方式做某事 3. 在短时间内 4. 在地图上 5. 告诉某人自己 6. 在海上 7. 高铁 8. 在晚上 9. 在...(外部)前面 10. 代表 11. 在陆地 12. ...的时间 13. 最后,最终;终于 14. 建立;设立 15. 一些时间;一段时间 16. 抓住某人的手 17. 一路上 18. 给某人一个拥抱 19. 安全问题 20. 遇到一点困难 21. 向····求助 22. 搭建;设立;张贴;挂起 23. 抬头看;向上看;查找 24. 告诉某人(不要)去做某事 25. 邮局 26. 把......带回来 27. 围绕着.....坐 28. 起初,首先 29. 四处逛逛 30. 找到.....的路 31. 拿出;取出 32. 在某人的旅途中 33. 返回 34. 在那之后 35. 横穿;横过 36. 在.....的左/右边 37. 发生在某人身上 38. 刚才 39. 去露营 40. 落下;摔倒 41. 大声呼喊 42. 生火 重点 句型 中文 英文 1. 首先,肖雅画了一个找礼物的地图。 2. 他们可以在短时间内进行远途旅行 3. 这些标志在地图上代表着不同的地方。 4. 最后,在我的面前出现了一座岛。 5. 当李想回到帐篷时,他感觉怎么样? 6. 首先,我和爸爸一起搭帐篷,妈妈准备晚餐。 7. 但那时,我们没有足够的水。所以我和爸爸四处转转去寻找一些(水)。 8. 我们找不到回去的路了! 9. 我抓着爸爸的手。 10. 他告诉我不要担心,然后从他的包里拿出一张地图。 11. 然后,我们按照地图一路返回。 12. 最后,我们返回了帐篷。 13. 我妈妈看到我们回来很高兴,给了我们一个大大的拥抱。 14. 在你的旅行中,你遇见了什么安全问题?你是如何解决的? 15. 这个小女孩正站在门后。 16. 邮局在商场的左边。 17. 李先生住在公园路的尽头。右边没有房子了,但是那有一棵树。 18. —康康,刚才发生了什么? —我找不到去你住的社区的路,迷路了。 19. 我向一个老年人寻求帮助。 20. 他们首先尽全力搭一个帐篷。 21. 肖雅和肖梅去找帐篷,然后肖梅大声呼喊。 22. 肖雅向上看,然后看见了它。 23. 在帐篷旁边,他们还生了火。 24. 他们围坐在火旁,度过了愉快的时光。 小试牛刀:根据语境及提示完成句子。 1. We are planning a short t_______ to the park this weekend. 2. Please remember to wear a helmet for your _______ when riding a bike.(安全) 3. To get to the museum, f_______ this road until you see a big red building. 4. What will _______ if we take the wrong bus?(发生) 5. When we met our friends at the station, we gave them a big h_______. ➽问题探究 知识点1 First, Xiao Ya drew a map of the gift. 首先,肖雅画了一个找礼物的地图。(教材P42) first adv. 意为“第一,首先”。 E.g. First, we should get up at 8 o'clock. 首先,我们应该八点起床。 拓展: 事情按照一定的顺序发展,所以我们最好用表示先后顺序的词进行描述。 First (首先) → Next (接着) → Then (然后) → Finally (最后) E.g. First, Dudu puts on his clothes. Next, he makes the bed. Then, he sweeps the floor. Finally, he has his breakfast. What a busy morning! 首先,嘟嘟穿好衣服。接着,他铺好床。然后,他扫了地。最后他吃早饭。多么忙碌的早晨啊! First Next Then Finally 【练习】 1.Mary comes ________ in the Chinese exam. This is ________ time she has got the best mark. A.first; second B.one; the second C.first; the second D.the first; second 2.This is our ________ English Lesson. We’re going to learn Unit ________. A.first; First B.the first; One C.first; One D.one; First 知识点2 Later, people had more ways of traveling and they started to use bicycles, cars, buses and trains. 后来,人们有了更多出行的方式。他们开始使用自行车、小汽车、公交车和火车。(教材P42) the way(s) of doing/to do sth. 意为“做某事的方法”,做方式状语时,前面常用介词in。way在此处做可数名词,意为“方式,方法”。 归纳: in....way的相关短语 短语 意思 in this/that way 用这/那种方式 in a special way 以一种特殊的方式 in different ways 用不同的方式 in a better way 以一种更好的方式 E.g. There are many ways to shop. = There are many ways of shopping. 有很多种购物的方式。 We can solve the problem in a better way. 我们可以以一种更好的方式解决问题。 链接:way作名词时还可意为“道路”。 on one's/the way to... 在去···的路上 find one's/the way to... 找到去···的路 E.g. I saw a bird on my way home. 在回家的路上,我看见了一只鸟。 I can't find my way to the hospital. 我找不到去医院的路。 注意: 短语 on one's/the way to...及 find one's/the way to...后接地点副词 home、here、there等时,需省略介词to。 E.g. on my way to the zoo在去动物园的路上 on the way home在回家的路上 on the way to my home 在我回家的路上 【练习】 1. —Do you know the way ________ work out the problem? —________ this way, you can make it. A.of , By B.of, on C.to, In D.to, By 2.Do you know the way _________ each other? A.of helping B.to help C.help D.A and B 知识点3 The signs stand for different placeson the map. 这些标志在地图上代表着不同的地方。(教材P43) 1) sign n. “标志;招牌;指示牌”。 E.g. a road/traffic sign 路标/交通标志 The sign on the wall said, "Now wash your hands". 墙上的牌子上写着“现在可以洗手”。 拓展: sign 的其他用法 sign n. 迹象;征兆;预兆 v. 签(名);打手势 E.g. The fact that he didn't say "no" immediately is a good sign. (作名词) 他没有马上拒绝,这是好兆头。 Sign your name here, please. (作动词) 请在这里签名。 2) stand for意为“代表,表示”,后接名词、代词宾格或动词-ing形式。 E.g. The letter S stands for south. 字母s代表“南方”。 They stand for happiness and good luck in China. 在中国,它们代表着幸福和好运。 拓展: stand for还可意为“容忍,忍受;支持”。 E.g. I'm not standing for the way he speaks. 我再也不能忍受他讲话的方式了。 【练习】 1. —What does the sign mean? —It means “_________”. A.No parking B.No smoking C.No talking D.No photos 2. What does a cross (十字形) stand for on maps? It’s the ________ for a church. A.score B.symbol C.star D.sale 知识点4 Finally, there was an island in front of me. 最后,在我的面前出现了一座岛。(教材P43) in front of 意为“在······(外部)前面”。 E.g. There is a cat in front of the car. 汽车前面有一只猫。 辨析: in front of和 in the front of 短语 意思 用法 in front of 在……前面 在物体外部的前面 in the front of 在……前面 在物体内部的前面 E.g. There are trees in front of the house. 房子前面有两棵树。 There is a big desk in the front of the house. 房子前面有一张大大的桌子。 【练习】 1. Look! There is a blackboard ________ the classroom and there is a big tree ________ the classroom. A.in front of; in front of B.in the front of; in the front of C.in the front of; in front of D.in front of; in the front of 2. Walk ________ this street, and you’ll find the bookstore ________ the bank. A.down; in the front B.along; in the front of C.along; in front of D.away; in front of 知识点5 "I am safe," I told myself. “我安全了”,我告诉自己。(教材P43) myself 反身代词,意为“我自己”,在句中多用于动词或介词后作宾语,强调“某人自己”。 反身代词应与自己的逻辑主语在人称和数上保持一致。 tell myself 意为“告诉我自己”。 E.g. He teaches himself English. 他自学英语。 "You are the best," I always tell myself. “你是最棒的”,我经常告诉我自己。 拓展: 反身代词构成的固定搭配 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 dress oneself 某人自己穿衣服 help oneself to 随便吃/喝...... teach oneself = learn by oneself 自学 【练习】 1. I can work it out ________. A.by myself B.for myself C.by yourself D.for yourself 2.—Who teaches ________ French? —Nobody. I teach ________. A.me; mine B.me; myself C.you; myself D.you; me 知识点6 How did Li Xiang feel when he went back to the tent? 当李想回到帐篷,他感觉怎么样?(教材P44) back adv. “回原处”。go back to+地点,意为“返回到···;追溯到···”,当后面接地点副词home、here、there等时,需省略介词to。 E.g. Xixi and Caicai went back to school at 5 o'clock in the afternoon yesterday. 西西和采采昨天下午5点回到学校。 Tomorrow, I'll go back home? 明天,我将会回家。 拓展: back的其他用法 back 形容词 意为“后面的”。 名词 意为“背部;后面;后部”。at the back of... 意为“在···后面/部”。 E.g. There is a photo on the back wall. (形容词) 后面的墙上有一张照片。 The children carry schoolbags on their backs. (作名词) 孩子们把书包背在背上。 There is a pool at the back of the forest. 这片森林的后面有一个池塘。 归纳: back的相关短语 call (sb.) back (给某人)回电话 talk back 顶嘴 come back 回来 go back 回去 get back 返回 bring back 带回 keep back 后退,远离 give back 归还 take back 收回 think back 回想 look back 回顾 hold back 控制住 【练习】 1. When do you ______ your office every morning? A.go back B.go back to C.back D.back to 2. —Tom sits ________ the school hall, so he can’t see the screen very well. —He wants to sit in the front of the hall next time. A.across from B.next to C.at the back of 知识点7 My family love camping. 我的家人喜欢露营。(教材P44) camp v. “露营;宿营”。 常用短语:go camping 去野营 camp out 野营;露营 E.g. I want to camp this Sunday. 我这周日想去露营。 They often go camping on weekends. 他们经常在周末去野营。 拓展: camp 还可作名词,意为“营地”。 常用短语: summer camp 夏令营 winter camp 冬令营 E.g. Let's return to the camp. 咱们回营地吧。 He spent two weeks at camp this surrmer. 他今年夏天在夏令营玩了两个星期。 【练习】 1. Let’s ask him ________ together on the weekend. A.going camping B.go camping C.to go camp D.to go camping 2. Let’s _________ in the forest park. A.go camping B.goes camping C.to go camping 知识点8 Last weekend, we had an unforgettable trip to a forest park. 上周末,我们在森林公园有一次难忘的旅行。(教材P44) trip n. “(尤指短程往返的)旅行,旅游,出行”;一般指距离较近、时间较短的短途旅行或出行。 常用短语: go on a trip 去旅行 be on a trip 在旅行中 take a trip 去旅行 a school trip 学校旅行 have a good trip祝你旅行愉快 a boat/bus trip乘船/公共汽车旅行 the trip to... 去··的旅行 on one's trip在某人的旅行中 E.g. We went on a trip to Mount Huashan last weekend. 上周末我们去华山旅游了。 I hope you have a good trip. 祝你旅行愉快。 —How was the trip to Beijing? 去北京的旅行怎么样? —Great. 很好。 He is on a trip. 他正在旅行中。 【练习】 1. —What will you do this Sunday? —I will ________ in the countryside with my family. A.take part B.take a trip C.take care 2.It was an ________ trip. I will never forget it. A.forgettable B.unforgettable C.forget D.forgotten 知识点9 At first, my father and I set up the tent, and my mother prepared for dinner. 首先,我和爸爸一起搭帐篷,妈妈准备晚餐。 (教材P44) 1) at first 意为“起初,首先”。其反义短语为:“at last”或“in the end”, 意为“最后,终于”。 E.g. At first, I didn't like English, but now I like it a lot. 起初我不喜欢英语,但我现在非常喜欢它。 2) set up意为“搭建;安装好”。还可意为“建立;设立;开办;设置;安排;策划”。 注意: set up为“动词+副词”型短语,其用法如下: set+名词+up = set up+名词 set+代词+up E.g. Chongqing set up some theme parks for the children. 重庆为孩子们建了一些主题公园。 Please help me set it up. 请帮我安装它。 拓展:set的相关短语 set back耽误:使延误 set off出发:启程:引发;使爆炸 set down记下:制定,规定 set out出发:开始工作 【练习】 -- The government of Hefei plans to _________ more nature parks in 5 years. -- Sounds good. A.set up B.use up C.look up D.pick up 知识点10 After some time, we found a small river. 过了一些时间,我们发现了一条河。(教材P44) some time意为“一些时间;一段时间”。time在此处作不可数名词,意为“时间”。 E.g. I need some time off. 我需要休息一段时间。 辨析:some time, sometime, sometimes 和some times 单词/短语 意思 用法 some time 一些时间; 一段时间 表示时间的短语,通常表示在相当长的一段时间里。对其提问用how long。 sometime 在某时 此时作副词,通常指不确定或尚未决定的。对其提问用when. sometimes 有时 频度副词,常位于情态动词、be动词、助动词之后,实义动词之前。可以放在句首、句中或句末。对其提问用 how often。 some times 几次;几倍 表示次数或倍数。对其提问用how many times. E.g. You can work here for some time. 你可以在这里工作一段时间。 I saw him sometime last summer. 我去年夏天什么时候见过他。 Sometimes I go by car. 我有时坐车去。 I visited Beijing some times last year. 我去年参观了北京几次。 链接: time还可作可数名词,意为“次;回”。 E.g. I play football three times a week. 我一周踢三次足球。 归纳: time的相关短语 on time 按时 all the time (在某段时间内)一直;始终 in time 及时 at a time 每次 next time下一次 have a good time 玩得愉快 at times 有时;间或 most of the time 大多数时候 in one's free time 在某人空闲时间 【练习】 1. Jenifer has a lot of homework to do ________, so she hasn’t helped her parents with the housework for ________ . A.every day; some time B.everyday; sometimes C.every day; some times D.everyday; sometime 2.I have spent ________ on this job. I think I can finish it ________ this afternoon. A.sometime; sometime B.some time; some time C.some time; sometime D.some times; some time 知识点11 I held my father's hand. 我抓着爸爸的手。(教材P44) hold v. “抓住;拿着;举行”,其过去式为held。 hold one's hand意为“抓/握着某人的手”。 E.g. Mr. Li held my hand and made mefeel safe. 李老师握着我的手,让我有安全感。 拓展: ① hold 的其他意思 召开;举行 hold 容纳 拥有;持有 E.g. In 2008, China held the 29h Olympic Games. 2008年, 中国举行了第29届奥运会。 The music hall can hold four hundred people. 这个音乐厅能容纳400人。 Employees hold 30% of the shares. 雇员持有30%的股份。 ② hold的相关短语 hold on 等一会儿 hold up 支撑 hold one's breath 屏住呼吸 hold hands 握手 hold a meeting开 hold back 阻挡 【练习】 I decide ________ a party at home next week. A.to hold B.holding C.hold 知识点12 He told me not to worry and tookout a map from his bag. 他告诉我不要担心,然后从他的包里拿出一张地图。(教材P44) 1) tell sb.(not) to do sth. 意为“告诉某人(不要)去做某事”。 E.g. My mom tells me to wash hands before meals. 妈妈告诉我饭前要洗手。 My father tells me not to eat too much candy. 爸爸嘱咐我不要吃太多糖。 归纳: tell的相关短语 tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某事 tell stories/jokes/lies 讲故事/讲笑话/说谎 tell sb. (not ) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要)去做某 tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事 tell A from B 分辨A和B 2) take out意为“拿出,取出,带出去”,是“动词+副词”型短语,其用法如下: take+名词+out = take out+名词 take+代词+out E.g. He took out the key and opened the door. 他取出钥匙,打开门。 Eat here or take it out? 在这儿吃还是带走? 拓展: take...out of... 意为“把......从.....中取出/带出”。 E.g. She took a book out of her schoolbag. 她从书包里拿出一本书。 【练习】 1. My mother tells me ________ late for school. A.not be B.not to be C.don’t be D.to not be 2.The story mainly tells us ________ the importance of friendship. A.with B.on C.about D.for 知识点13 Later, we followed the map all the way back. 然后,我们按照地图一路返回。 (教材P44) 1) follow v. “跟随”。follow the map 意为“按照地图走”。 拓展: ① follow sb. to do sth. 意为“跟着某人做某事”。 E.g. Follow me. I will show you the way. 跟着我,我给你带路。 Please follow me to cross the road. 请跟着我过马路。 ② follow 的其他意思 follow v. 接受,遵循,听从(忠告、指示等)/ 理解,明白 相关短语: follow one's advice/suggestions 听从某人的建议 follow the rules 遵守规则 follow the tips 遵循指示 following adj. “下列的;接着的”。 —Can you follow me? 你能听懂我的话吗? —Yes, I can. 是的,我能听懂。 Answer the following questions. 回答下列问题。 2) all the way意为“一路上;一直”。 E.g. He sang all the way home from school. 从学校到家,他一路上唱着歌儿。 I am with you all the way. 我会一直陪着你。 【练习】 1. Mr White speaks slowly and clearly (清楚地), so all of us can follow him. A.跟随 B.理解 C.赞同 2. — What happened to you? You look scared. — Someone followed me all the way. A.went after B.walked on C.talked with 知识点14 Finally, we returned to our tent. 最后,我们返回了帐篷。(教材P44) return 不及物动词,意为“返回;退还”,相当于come/get/go back。 return to+地点,意为“返回”。 E.g. I will return to Chongqing in one month. 一个月之后我将返回重庆。 拓展: return还可作及物动词,意为“归还”,相当于give back。 return sth. to sb. 把某物还给某人 同义短语: return sb. sth. / give sth. back to sb. E.g. Please return the book to me on time. 请按时把书还给我。 = Please return me the book on time. =Please give the book back to me ontime. 【练习】 1. —You can borrow my book but you have to return it next week. —OK, I will. A.put. . . away B.keep. . . off C.give. . . back 2.—When did the Shenzhou-16 astronauts return to the Earth? —On October 31st, 2023. A.go away from B.come back to C.leave for 知识点15 The night was clear and quiet. 夜晚无云且安静。(教材44) clear adj. “无云(或雾)的;晴朗的”。 E.g. On a clear day you can see France. 天气晴朗的时候,你可以看见法国。 拓展: clear的其他用法 形容词,意为“清晰易懂的;明显的;清澈的”。 clear 动词,意为“移走,搬走;转晴;清除;清理”。clear out 清理;丢掉 clear away 收拾;把···清除掉(以留出空间) clear up 使整洁;清理;转晴 副词,意为“清晰地;明显地”。 E.g. She was quite clear about her reasons for leaving. (作形容词) 她很清楚自己离开的原因。 The water in the lake is very clear. 这个湖里的水很清澈。 We cleared out all our old clothes. (动词) 我们丢掉了所有的旧衣服。 He cleared away and made coffee. 他把东西收拾好以后煮了咖啡。 It's time to clear up. 该打扫了。 【练习】 1.—Look, the sky is blue and clear. The sun shines brightly. —It is wonderful to go to the beach and swim in the sea. A.clean B.cloudless C.hot 2.Reading is important to us because it can make our minds ________ a pool of water. A.as cool as B.as clear as C.as deep as D.as wide as 知识点16 What safety problems did you meet on your trip and how did you solve them? 在你的旅行中,你遇见了什么安全问题?你是如何解决的?(教材P45) 1) safety n. “安全”。其形容词形式是: safe “安全的”。 E.g. It is not safe to go across the road when the light is red. Please remember, safety comes first. 红灯时横穿马路是不安全的。请记住,安全第一。 拓展: stay/keep safe意为“保持安全”。 2) problem n. “难题;困难”。 E.g. She has a lot of health problems. 她有很多健康问题。 常用短语: have problems (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 have no problem (in) doing sth. 做某事没有困难 no problem 没问题;不用谢 work out/ solve the problem 解决问题 辨析: problem 和question 单词 意思 用法 problem 难题;困难;棘手的问题 常指等待解决的问题或学科中需解决的难题,也可指客观存在或遇到的疑难问题。常与动词solve、cause或动词短语work out、dealwith、work on 等连用。 question 问题 常指需要解决或回答的问题,也可以指考题,常与ask、 answer等连用。 E.g. Thanks for Mr. Li's help, I solve all the problems easily. 多亏李老师的帮助,我轻松地解决了所有问题。 Sorry, I can't answer this question. 对不起,我不能回答这个问题。 【练习】 1. Safety comes first. We should ________ to keep safe on the road. ①obey the traffic rules        ②be careful of passing cars and buses ③run fast after others         ④not read the messages on our mobile phones ⑤play basketball with our friends A.①②④ B.①③⑤ C.②④⑤ D.②③⑤ 2.To cross the road ________, we should know about the road ________. A.safe; safety B.safely; safe C.safely; safety D.safety; safe 知识点17 The girl is standing behind the door. 这个女孩正站在门后。(教材P46) behind prep. “在···后面”,表示在物体外部的后面。其反义短语是: in front of E.g. The library is behind the gym. 图书馆在体育馆的后面。 辨析: behind, after和at the back of 单词/短语 用法 behind 常用于表示位置或方位上的“在……后面”。 after 常用于表示时间或顺序上的“在……之后”。 at the back of 通常表示在物体内部的后面。 E.g. Li Ling usually sits behind me. 李玲通常坐在我后面。 There is a cinema behind the library. 图书馆后面有个电影院。 After an hour, you can go to school. 一个小时后,你可以去学校。 Your name comes after mine in the list. 在名单上你的名字在我的后面。 There are some bookshelves at the back of the library. 图书馆后面有一些书架。 【练习】 1. There is a ball behind the box in Picture ________. A. B. C. 2. —Are there any trees ________ the school sports field? —Yes. And behind it is our new library. A.with B.between C.under D.in front of 知识点18 Mr. Li lives at the end of Park Road. There are no houses to the right, but there is a tree there. 李先生住在公园路的尽头。右边没有房子了,但是那有一棵树。(教材P46) no houses意为“没有房子”。no与名词搭配时的用法: no+单数名词 = not a/an+单数名词 no+复数名词 = not any+复数名词 no+不可数名词 = not any+不可数名词 E.g. There is no bridge over the river. = There is not a bridge over the river. 河上没有桥。 We have no lessons this afternoon. = We don't have any lessons this afternoon. 我们今天下午没有课。 I have no money. = I don't have any money. 我没钱。 【练习】 1. There ________ not any water in the glass. A.is B.are C.have 2.There________books in my desk. A.isn't any B.aren't any C.am not any 知识点19 —Kangkang, what happened to you just now? 康康,刚才发生了什么? —I didn't find the way to your community. I was lost. 我找不到去你住的社区的路。我迷路了。(教材P47) 1) happen v. “发生;碰巧”,常指偶然发生,主语通常是物,后常接地点或时间状语。 “What happened (to sb.)?” “(某人)发生了什么事情?”,多用于过去式。 E.g. —What heppened to you this moming? 今天早上怎么了? —A car accident heppened to me. 我出了车祸。 常见用法:sth. happens / happened to sth. “某人发生某事”, 常指不好的事情。 sth. happens/happened+时间状语/地点状语 某时/某事某地发生 happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 E.g. You don't happen to know his name, do you? 你不会碰巧知道他的名字吧? 拓展: 询问突发情况、疾病和不适,表示“发生了什么事情?”的句型有: What happened (to...)? What's the matter (with...)? What's wrong (with...)? What's the trouble (with...)? Is there anything wrong (with...)? 2) just now意为“刚才”,常与一般过去时连用,位于句首或句末。 E.g. You looked very sad just now. 你刚才看上去很伤心。 【练习】 1. —You look very sad. ________? —I lost my mobile phone on my way to school. A.How did you like it B.What happened C.Where did you go 2.—What happened ________ the man yesterday? —He fell off a ladder and hurt his legs. A.to B.with C.from D.over 知识点20 I asked an old man for help. 我向一个老年人寻求帮助。(教材P47) ask (sb.) for help 意为“向(某人)寻求帮助”,可与turn to sb.互换。 E.g. When we are in trouble, we can ask the policeman for help. = When we are in trouble, we can turn to the policeman. 当我们遇到麻烦,我们可以向警察寻求帮助。 拓展: ask的相关短语 ask sb. for sth. 向某人索要某物 ask sb. (not) to do sth. 要求某人(不要)做某事 E.g. ask parents for money 向父母要钱 My mother asked me to do my homework. 我妈妈让我去做作业。 知识点21 She shook the tree and the tent fell down. 她摇了摇树,然后帐篷掉下来了。(教材P47) fall down 意为“落下;摔倒,跌倒;倒塌”。表示“从··上摔下/落下”,常用fall down from... E.g. Watch your step, or you may fall down. 小心脚下,否则你可能会摔倒。 拓展: fall的相关短语 fal into 可以分成;能够分成 fall off (数量、质量等)下降;从······掉下 fall ill 生病 fal asleep入睡;睡着 fall behind 落后 fall in love with 爱上 E.g. My talk falls naturally into three parts. 我的讲话可以自然分成三个部分。 She soon fell behind the leaders. 她很快就落在领先者的后面。 After changing the bed sheets, I would fall asleep quickly. 更换床单后,我会很快入睡。 【练习】 Some old houses ________ in my hometown last summer. A.fall down B.fell down C.write down D.wrote down 知识点22 They sat around the fire and had a great time. 他们围坐在火旁度过了愉快的时光。(教材P47) 1) sit around 意为“围绕······坐”。 E.g. They sat around the table and ate noodles yesterday evening. 他们昨晚围坐在坐旁吃面条。 归纳:around的相关短语 go around围绕......走 look around环顾四周 run around 绕着....跑 get around 四处逛逛 walk around 绕着.....散步 show sb. around... 带某人参观..... E.g. I like walking around a lake near our house with my parents on weekends. 我喜欢在周末和我父母绕着离我家不远的一个湖散步。 Let me show you around. 让我带你参观一下。 链接: around的其他用法 介词,意为“围绕,环绕;在那边”。 around 副词,意为“大约”,常用在数字之前,相当于about。 E.g. There are many trees around the library. (作介词) 在图书馆周围有很多树。 There are around 16,000 books in the library. (作副词) 图书馆大约有1万6千本书。 【练习】 —How about asking Mrs. Rice to ________ the students ________ the new library? —Good idea! Mrs. Rice just works there and knows it well. A.show; around B.write; down C.look; up D.think; about 单元语法 一、介词(Prepositions) 1) 概念: 介词是一种虚词,在句中起媒介作用,表示句中词与词直接的关系。介词不能单独作句子成分,只能用在名词、代词或作用相当于名词的其他词类、词组或从句之前,与之一起构成介词短语作句子成分。介词在句中的用途极为广泛、灵活,往往同一个词与不同的介词搭配会表示完全不同的意义。介词的种类有很多,比如时间介词、地点介词、方位介词、方式介词等。本单元主要学习了表示地点、方位的介词和介词短语,如on、in、over、above、under、in front of、next to等。 2) 方位介词和介词短语的用法 (1) 表示“上下”的方位介词 上 on 在……上 表示前者在后者的表面上,二者相互接触。 above 在...上方;在...之上 表示前者高于后者,但二者之间不必垂直,无接触面。 over 在……上面 表示前者在后者的垂直上方,不直接接触。 下 under 在……下面 表示前者在后者的垂直下方,二者不接触,与over是反义词。 below 在/到……下面 表示前者在后者的下方,但不一定垂直,二者不接触,与above是反义词。 E.g. He put his book on the desk. 他把他的书放在书桌上。 The bird is flying above the tree. 这只鸟在这棵树上方飞。 There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座桥。 There is a basketball under the desk. 书桌下面有一个篮球。 Please write your telephone numberbelow the line. 请把你的电话号码写在线下。 (2) 表示“里面”“中间”的方位介词或短语 里面 in 在……里面,强调内部空间 中间 between 在……中间(两者),常用于between...and...结构中,意为“在……和……之间”。 among 在……中间(三者或三者以上) in the middle of 在……中间 E.g. My sister is reading a book in the study. 我姐姐正在书房看书。 The bank is between the supermarket and the library. 银行在超市和图书馆之间。 There is a house among trees. 树林中有一栋房子。 There is a square in the middle of the city. 市中心有一个广场。 (3 )表示“附近;旁边”“对面”的方位介词或短语 附近 near 靠近 next to 紧挨着 在....旁边 by 靠近;在.....旁边 beside 在旁边(或附近) 对面 across from 在……对面, 与opposite同义。 E.g. I live near my school. 我住在学校附近。 My sister is standing next to my mother. 我妹妹正站在我妈妈旁边。 There is a supermarket across from a hotel. 宾馆对面有一家超市。 My mother is running by the lake. 我妈妈正在湖边跑步。 He lived beside the mountain. 他住在山林附近。 (4) 表示“沿着”“穿过”“越过”的方位介词 沿着 along 沿着;顺着(不侧重方向性) up 沿着;顺着(指向北或向上) down 沿着;顺着(指向南或向下) 穿过 across (从表面) 横过,穿过 through (从内部) 穿过 越过 over 越过 E.g. Let's walk along the street. 咱们沿着街走吧。 You can walk up/down the street and turn left. 你可以沿着这条街走,然后向左拐。 There's a way across the fields. 有一条路穿过田地。 I climbed through the window.我 从窗口爬了出来。 They jumped over the stream. 他们跳过了小溪。 (5)表示“前”后”“左”:“右”介词或短语 前 in front of 在……(外部的)前面 in the front of 在……(内部的)前面 后 behind 在……(外部的)后面 at the back of... 在……(内部的)后面 左 on the/one's left 在某人的左边 on the/one's left of 在……左边 右 on the/one's right 在某人的右边 on the/one's right of 在……右边 E.g. There is a big tree in front of the house. 房子前面有一棵树。 Mr. Li is standing in front of the classroom. 李老师正站在教室前面。 Li Ming is standing behind the door. 李明正站在门后面。 Liu Jing is doing some cleaning at the back of the classroom. 刘静正在教室后面打扫卫生。 Shi Li sits on my left. 石丽坐在我的左边。 Walk along the street, and you cansee a shop on the right. 沿着这条街走,你会在右边看见一家商店。 (6)方位介词的相关短语 on...Road/Street 在···路/街 across from 在···对面 on the corner of... 在···拐角处 at the end of... 在···的尽头 on the second floor 在二楼 in the tree/in trees 在树上(外来的物体在树上) on the tree/on trees 在树上(树本身的东西在树上) 链接: 表示“东南西北”等方向的词汇与介词in/on/to搭配使用时,有各自不同的含义。 乙 甲 乙 甲 乙 甲 In on to E.g. Hainan is in the south of China. (在内部)海南在中国南部。 Henan is on the north of Hubei. (接壤) 河南在湖北的北边。 Beijing is to the east of Shanxi. (不接壤) 北京在山西的东边。 【练习】 用适当的介词或介词短语填空。 1. The family walk __________ the park after dinner. (沿着) 2. The playground is __________ the school building, so students can play after class. (后面) 3. The supermarket is _____________ the street, right opposite the bank.(对面) 4. The teacher’s desk is ______________ the classroom, facing all the students.(前面) 5. The tree is ________________ the house, providing shade in the backyard.(左边) 二、一般过去时 (The simple past tense I ) 1) 概念: 一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如:yesterday、(时间段)+ago、just now、 last night、last week等。此外,一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。一般过去时习惯上分为两种:①行为动词构成的一般过去时;②be动词构成的一般过去时。本单元重点学习行为动词构成的一般过去时。 E.g. I got up at 6:30 yesterday. 我昨天6点半起床的。 He always went to work by bus last year. 去年他总是乘公共汽车上班。 2) 动词过去式的构成 (1) 规则动词过去式的构成 构成规则 构成方法 例词 一般情况 直接在词尾加-ed pick-picked shout-shouted help-helped wash-washed 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词 直接加-d use-used live-lived hope-hoped like-liked 以重读闭音节或r音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词 先双写该辅音字母,再加-ed stop-stopped plan-planned shop-shopped prefer-prefered 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词 先变y为i,再加-ed cry-cried carry-carried study-studied worry-worried 巧学助记: 过去式构成有规律,一般词尾加-ed; 词尾如果有个e,直接加-d就可以; 一辅重闭作尾巴,双写之后加-ed; 辅音字母y结尾,变y为i加-ed。 注意: 规则动词过去式的读音:清后/t/; 元浊/d/; /t/、/d/之后读/ɪd/。具体见下表: 读音 例词 在清辅音后面 /t/ finished /'fɪnɪʃt/ cooked /kukt/ 在浊辅音和元音后面 /d/ called /kɔːld/ borrowed /'bɒrəʊd/ 在/t/、/d/后面 /ɪd/ wanted /'wɒntɪd/ needed /'niːdɪd/ (2) 不规则动词过去式的构成 类型 例词 过去式和原形一样 /t/ cut-cut put-put let-let hurt-hurt 中间元音变化 变i为a begin-began sing-sang give-gave drink-drank swim-swam ring-rang 变i为o drive-drove ride-rode write-wrote 变ow/aw为ew grow-grew know-knew draw-drew blow-blew throw-threw 中间去e,词尾加t keep-kept feel-felt sweep-swept sleep-slept 词尾的d变为t spend-spent send-sent lend-lent build-built 变为以ought和aught结尾 buy-bought think-thought catch-caught teach-taught 3) 含有行为动词的一般过去时的句式结构 肯定句 主语 + 动词的过去式 + 其他. 否定句 主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他. 一般疑问句及其回答 —Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? —Yes, 主语 + did. / —No, 主语 + didn't. 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? E.g. I booked a hotel last night. 我昨晚预定了一家酒店。 I didn't book a hotel last night. 我昨晚没有预定酒店 —Did you book a hotel last night? 你昨晚预定酒店了吗? —Yes, I did. 是的,我订了。 —No, I didn't. 不,我没订。 When did you book a hotel? 你昨晚什么时候预定的酒店? 【练习】 用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Yesterday, I __________ (sleep) for eight hours and felt very refreshed. 2. She __________ (carry) a heavy box to the third floor by herself. 3. They __________ (like) the movie so much that they watched it twice. 4. He __________ (put) the book on the table and left the room quietly. 5. My parents __________ (give) me a new bike as a birthday gift last year. ➽思维导图 ➽基础过关 一、单词拼写 1.I won’t forget this matter. For me, it is very (forgettable). 2.Do you know what is h (发生) over there? 3. (add) some hot water if you think the tea is too strong. 4.They will /bɪld/ a bridge over the river. 5.It’s good to come back home after two weeks in a t (帐篷). 二、完成句子 1.I was watching TV at this time yesterday.  (对划线部分提问) you doing at this time yesterday? 2.Ann did her homework yesterday evening. 否定句: 一般疑问句: 对划线部分提问: 3.Jenny cried after reading the email from her mother. (对划线部分提问) Jenny ? 4.Gork’s roar shook the cave at that moment. (改为否定句) Gork’s roar the cave at that moment. 5.The library is in front of the music hall. (改为同义句) The music hall the library. 3、 单项选择 ( )1.When we travel around, ________ must come first. A.safety B.shower C.price D.speed ( )2.The comedy Mr. Bean made us laugh _________. A.by the way B.on the way C.in the way D.all the way ( )3.— Can you tell us the way ________ the zoo? — Sure, Go down this street and turn right ________ the supermarket A.for; on B.for; at C.to; on D.to; at ( )4. Look! There is a teacher’s desk ________ our classroom and there is a big tree __________ the classroom. A.in the front of; in the front of B.in front of; in front of C.in front of; in the front of D.in the front of; in front of ( )5.I love my school and I really have a good time at my school. A.enjoy myself B.find something new C.learn a lot D.want a schoolbag ( )6.I don’t want Dad to teach ________ how to fish. I can teach ________. A.me; myself B.me; me C.my; me D.my; myself ( )7.—________? —Good idea. A.How are you B.What do you do C.What about going camping D.Where are you from ( )8.—Would you like _________ on Sunday, Daming? —Yes, I’d love to. A.go camping B.to go camping C.going camping D.go to camp ( )9.Betty works really hard. Finally, she won the first place. A.In the end B.At first C.At the end of D.Luckily ( )10.—I plan to travel to America, so I’ll be away for _________. —Really? Enjoy yourself. Just I will visit my grandparents _________ next week. A.some time, sometime B.some time, some time C.some times, sometimes ➽能力提升 1、 完形填空。先通读短文,掌握其大意,然后从 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 A few months ago, my parents gave me a mobile phone (手机) as a gift. I kept my eyes focusing (聚焦) on the 1 all summer and forgot all around me. So when my dad said “This year, we’ll 2 something special. We’ re going camping!” I felt 3 . It wasn’t my dream holiday. I kept 4 on the way. Actually, I was lost (迷失) in the phone. When we drove across a bridge, I looked up 5 my phone was out of service (没信号). “I 6 a campsite (宿营地) without mobile phone service.” my dad said.  “And your phone will be useless until we 7 home.” That night, I went to bed angrily at the campsite. But when I woke up in the morning and heard the birds singing, I felt cozy (惬意的) and relaxed. I found that the more I let myself become a part of 8 , the more I focused on myself. During those four days, I hiked (徒步), swam and fished. I saw the brightest stars and smelt the freshest air. My dad told me stories of his life…Time passed so quickly that I didn’t think of my 9 at all. Why would I? What could be 10 than the moments (时刻) I was sharing with my family in nature? Ever since then, whenever I feel I need a break, I pack up my things and drive until my phone shows “No service”. ( )1.A.screen B.size C.colour D.price ( )2.A.paint B.do C.plant D.read ( )3.A.busy B.touching C.unhappy D.lonely ( )4.A.silent B.clean C.healthy D.safe ( )5.A.and B.because C.when D.so ( )6.A.visit B.serve C.miss D.choose ( )7.A.walk around B.go back C.listen to D.take care of ( )8.A.history B.work C.life D.nature ( )9.A.bike B.class C.phone D.book ( )10.A.taller B.heavier C.better D.Louder 二、阅读理解 A Bulletin Board Study Group Free for Grades 1~8! From 3:20 p. m. to 6 p. m. At Room 301, library meet new friends get homework help play games Phone: 519-xxx-5005 Table Talk Girls in Grades 6~8. Please come to our Table Talk on Friday. When: 5 p. m.~7:30 p. m. Where: HIMG Meeting Room What: Girls can do many things Music! Fun! And more! GIRL Phone: 304-xxx-0255 Be a tiger scout! Who: any Grade One students What we do: sell books go camping go biking Want to know more about Tiger Scout? E-mail: Tiger 226 ppe@ gmail.com Dan Jones: 719-xxx-6445 Cost: $ 2 a month $ 50 for clothes Notes: scout 童子军; cost 费用 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 ( )1.Study Group is from 3:20 p. m. to ________. A.5:00 p. m. B.5:50 p. m. C.6:00 p. m. D.7:30 p. m. ( )2.Who can go to Table Talk? A.Bob, in Grade 8. B.Lucy, in Grade 3. C.Jack, in Grade 6. D.Emma, in Grade 7. ( )3.Gina wants to talk with other girls, and she can call ________ . A.519-xxx-5005 B.304-xxx-0255 C.304-xxx-502 D.719-xxx-6445 ( )4.Students can ________ in Tiger Scout. A.ride bikes B.meet new friends C.play games D.do their homework ( )5.Which of the following is TRUE? A.Study Group is in a classroom. B.Table Talk begins at 5 p. m. on Monday. C.Study Group is free for students. D.Students of Grades 1~8 can join (加入) Tiger Scout. B Here comes autumn! It is the third season of the year. In China, autumn arrives around September. It is still a little warm, but it gets colder and colder. The days also get shorter and shorter. The leaves on the trees begin to turn yellow and red. The air is fresh. It’s a great season for kids to play outside. What do children do in autumn in different countries? In China, students often have an autumn picnic. Usually, they go to an amusement park (游乐场), and kids in Beijing like to go to Fragrant Hills (香山). Most children also like to play games with their classmates here. Japanese students often go hiking with their parents or classmates when the leaves are red and yellow. It is a perfect way to get exercise. Mountain climbing in nice weather is also a good choice. For most children in the US, biking is a good autumn activity. Take a mountain bike and you can find new roads. Playing in the leaf piles is popular, too. Kids jump onto leaf piles. They are happy to see the colorful leaves flying all around. They also make leaves rain. It’s all a lot of fun. In the UK, school kids love to go camping outside with their parents. They make food over the fire and tell ghost stories. ( )6.What is autumn like in China? A.The weather is cold. B.The nights get longer and longer. C.All the leaves on the trees turn green. D.It’s a great season for children to stay inside. ( )7.What do Chinese students love doing? ①going to an amusement park      ②going out into nature   ③swimming   ④skiing A.①② B.②④ C.①②③ D.①②③④ ( )8.What does the underlined word “perfect” mean? A.Important. B.Great. C.Healthy. D.Difficult. ( )9.What can be the best title for the passage? A.Have fun in autumn B.Kids love autumn C.Kids in different countries D.Kids’ favorite autumn activities 1 / 14 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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Unit 9 探索板块(教材重难知识导学 · 精讲精练)(教师版+学生版)-【帮课堂】2024-2025学年七年级英语下册同步学与练(仁爱科普版2024)
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Unit 9 探索板块(教材重难知识导学 · 精讲精练)(教师版+学生版)-【帮课堂】2024-2025学年七年级英语下册同步学与练(仁爱科普版2024)
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Unit 9 探索板块(教材重难知识导学 · 精讲精练)(教师版+学生版)-【帮课堂】2024-2025学年七年级英语下册同步学与练(仁爱科普版2024)
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