选择性必修第3册 Unit 2 A life's Work（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2026年高考英语一轮复习（外研版）

[对应学生用书P193] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．(2024·浙江1月卷)But farmers in east­central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious (贵重的) moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding. 2．The deadline for handing our corrected essays (短文) in is this Friday morning.(通知) 3．(译林必修三U4)The trials (试验) on patients were likely to be postponed because they did not have sufficient safety data. 4．(2023·浙江1月卷)I remember showing my parents a video of Bea Johnson，sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries (杂货) with jars，and have so little trash! 5．The journey was accomplished with a maximum (最大限度) of comfort and ease and a minimum of discomfort. Ⅱ.语境运用 1．As we try our best to preserve pandas，we should also pay attention to the preservation of their habitats.(preserve) 2．The young man is ambitious and he has the ambition and the potential to become a super star.(ambition) 3．With the teacher's help，I analysed the data of this experiment.The teacher thought my analysis is reasonable.(analyse) 4．Ever since I was a child，I have been fascinated by the fascinating sports and this fascination made me become an athlete.(fascinate) 5．His approach to life was uncomplicated (complicated).He lived in a small apartment with a shared bathroom. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．地址如有变动，请尽快通知我们，以便我们能够相应地更新我们的记录。(告知信) Please keep us informed of any change of address as soon as possible，so that we can update our records accordingly. 2．如果没有他的鼓励和支持，我就不会实现当飞行员的梦想。(感谢信) If it hadn't been for his encouragement and support，I wouldn't have realized my dream to be a pilot. 3．你没通过考试不足为奇，因为你没有付出努力。(建议信) It is not surprising that you failed the exam，because you hadn't made an effort. [对应学生用书P194] preserve v.维护，保护；保存 n.禁猎区；保护区(☞preservation n.[U]保护，维护☞preserver n.保护人；维护者) preserve...from... 　保护……免受…… be well preserved　保养/保护/保存良好 [练透]　单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子 ①With these measures，it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved (preserve) for generations to come.(人教选必三U3) ②Not being exposed to sunlight accounts for the good preservation (preserve) of the ancient painting. ③They wondered out loud.This area，with its unique and breathtaking natural beauty，must be well preserved (得到妥善保护) for all people of the nation to enjoy — as a national park.(2024·全国甲卷) ④该协会成立的目的是保护濒危物种免于灭绝，并提高公众对生物多样性保护重要性的认识。(倡议书) The society was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction and to raise public awareness about the importance of biodiversity conservation. ambitious adj.宏大的，艰巨的；雄心勃勃的；野心勃勃的(☞ambition n.[U]雄心；野心； [C]追求的目标；夙愿) (1)be ambitious for　对……有强烈的期望 be ambitious to do sth　立志要做某事 (2)realise/achieve one's ambition (to do.../of doing...)　实现某人(做……)的抱负 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①My ambition is to set (set) up a business in China after graduation.(人教选必二U2) ②The young man is ambitious to get (get) to the top of his field and make a significant impact in the industry. ③让她苦恼的是她一直未能实现成为著名作家的夙愿。(心理描写) What bothered her was that she never achieved her ambition of becoming/to become a famouswriter． associate v.与……有关；联系；交往 n.同事；伙伴(☞association n.联合；联想；交往；协会；团体) (1)associate...with... 把……和……联系在一起 associate with sb　与某人交往或打交道 be associated with...　和……有关 (2)in association with...　与……相联系/合作 [练透]　单句语法填空/一句多译 ①I live in a university dorm with a couple of great roommates.I have a never­ending flow of messages and updates from all the people I associate with online.(北师大选必一U1) ②吸烟会导致许多严重的健康问题，包括肺癌、心脏病和呼吸系统疾病。 a．There are many serious health problems (which are) associated with smoking，including lung cancer，heart disease，and respiratory issues.(associate) b．There are many serious health problems in association with smoking，including lung cancer，heart disease，and respiratory issues.(association) back down 退让；认输 (1)back off　后退；放弃；不去管 back up　证实，为……作证； 支持，帮助 back out (of sth)　退出 (2)back and forth　来回地；反复地 turn one's back on　不理睬；背弃；抛弃 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity，focus and memory.(2023·全国乙卷) ②Through this kind of healthy discussion，you will learn when to back down and when to ask your parents to relax their control.(译林必修一U2) ③他失去了信心，并在最后一刻退出了比赛，尽管他之前为此做了所有的准备并付出了艰苦的努力。(细节描写) He lost confidence and backed out of the competition at the last minute，despite all the preparation and hard work he had put in. 虚拟语气 教材原句：If it hadn't been for a three­episode documentary，outsiders would never have known that the plainly­dressed people working here are masters of their craft，who have spent their lives restoring precious antiques. 如果不是因为一部三集的纪录片，外人永远也不会知道在这里工作的穿着朴素的人们是工艺大师，他们一生都在修复珍贵的文物。 虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法如下： (1)与现在事实相反：If＋主语＋过去式，主语＋could/might/would＋动词原形； (2)与过去事实相反：If＋主语＋had done，主语＋could/might/would＋have done； (3)与将来事实相反：If＋主语＋did/should do/were to do，主语＋could/might/would＋动词原形 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①If food waste were (be) a country，it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) ②If the new safety system had been put (put) to use，the accident would never have happened. ③If it were to rain/should rain/rained (rain) tomorrow，I wouldn't go to the grocery store. ④要不是你的帮助，我就不会在英语写作比赛中获得一等奖。(感谢信) If it hadn't been for your help，I wouldn't have won the first prize in the English Writing Competition. [对应学生用书P196] 　单句语法填空 1．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Inside the office，they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single­use plastic.“We are passionate (passion) about reducing waste，carbon and chemicals in our environment，” said a BMF employee. 2．(译林选必一U4)He was fascinated (fascinate) by Li Bai's poems and translated some of them in his 1915 poetry collection entitled Cathay. 3．We can see the scientist's devotion (devote) and hard work from his essay，which is filled with detailed research，thorough analysis，and a passion for his field of study. 4．This ambitious (ambition) project，involving scores of organizations around the world，will take at least ten years to be accomplished. 5．(2024·江苏七校联考)Scientists from China and Uzbekistan draw a road map for the ecological restoration (restore) of the dried lake areas. 6．The idea of getting social organizations involved in heritage preservation (preserve) has been considered for several years. 7．Wearing fashionable (fashion) clothes doesn't necessarily mean one has good taste or style. 8．The instructions for setting up the new software were uncomplicated (complicate) and I was able to complete it in a few minutes. 9．It is not clear why there is such an association (associate) between reading and longevity (长寿) although previous studies have suggested that people who read a lot tend to be healthier. 10．A special team comprised (comprise) of senior experts from home and abroad will conduct research on the new virus. 　短语填空 1．The Internet makes surveying and voting easy and convenient，regardless of time and space (无论在时间上还是空间上). 2．In order to avoid stress，the teachers always encourage all students to study at their own pace (按他们自己的节奏) before the college entrance examination. 3．She looked in the direction of the window，but there was nothing more than the deep darkness (只有漆黑一片). 4．The old craftsman has now passed on his traditional skills to his son (把他的传统技艺传给了他的儿子). 5．Some people believe that smartphones not only take up our valuable time (占据了我们的宝贵时间)，but also do great harm to our health. 　完成句子 1．要知道每个单词的意思是不可能的，但是了解构词法可以帮助我们猜测它们的意思。(it作形式主语) It is impossible to know the meaning of every word，but knowing about word formation can help us guess their meanings. 2．(人教必修三U5)我们最应该感激的是我们的父母和老师。(强调句) It is our parents and teachers that we should be most grateful to. 3．(译林必修一U1)假如我又回到了童年，我要努力做一个无所畏惧的人。(虚拟语气) If I were a boy again，I would try to become a fearless person. [对应学生用书P197] Ⅰ.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思 1．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) Whether you're hiking a backcountry trail (小径)，camping，or just enjoying the park's amazing wildlife from the road，this quick workshop is for you and your family.工作坊 2．(2023·浙江1月卷) According to the Solar Energy Industries Association，the number of solar panels installed (安装) has grown rapidly in the past decade.协会；社团 Ⅱ.选出pose的含义 A．摆姿势 B．造成　C．提出 1．The researchers pose problems that require detailed technical help in order to find effective solutions and advance their research. C 2．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革). B 3．Pose for your photo with a big smile，so we can capture this happy moment. A 你班将开展有关“职业规划”的主题班会，请你结合个人情况写一篇发言稿。内容包括： 1．理想职业； 2．个人优势； 3．相关准备。 Ⅰ.利用本单元所学知识完成句子 1．正如我们所知，我们未来的职业对我们的生活有很大的影响，这需要我们深思熟虑。 As we all know，our future career has a great effect on our life，which requires our deep consideration. 2．就我而言，我决心开始从事计算机科学的职业，它在现代技术中占主导地位。(非限制性定语从句) As for me，I am determined to start a career in computer science，which dominates in modern technology． 3．我从小就对计算机科学着迷。 I have been fascinated by computer science since childhood. 4．计算机科学与大多数科学领域密切相关，对一个国家的发展具有决定性作用。 Computer science is closely associated with most fields of science and has a decisive role in a country's development. 5．无论未来面临什么样的挑战，我都不会退缩，并将竭尽全力坚持我的目标。(让步状语从句) Whatever challenges I face in the future，I will not back down and stick to my goal with all my efforts. Ⅱ.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇 One possible version： Hello everyone! It is my great honour to share my ideas on my future career plan with you.As we all know，our future career has a great effect on our life，which requires our deep consideration. As for me，I am determined to start a career in computer science，which dominates in modern technology.First of all，I have been fascinated by computer science since childhood.More importantly，computer science is closely associated with most fields of science and has a decisive role in a country's development.Furthermore，whatever challenges I face in the future，I will not back down and stick to my goal with all my efforts. That's all.Thank you for your attention. [动作细节描写]——笑(二) 单词 giggle咯咯地笑，傻笑　sneer嘲笑；讥讽 词块 with a laugh笑了一声　laugh from ear to ear笑得合不拢嘴　howl with laughter放声大笑　laugh heartily开怀大笑　scream with laughter捧腹大笑　smile bitterly苦笑　smile shyly羞答答地微笑　split into a smile绽放微笑　wear a broad smile面带微笑　chuckle softly低声轻笑　throw sb a faint smile对某人微微一笑 句型 After years of painstaking research，they were rewarded with a great breakthrough，the smile on their faces shining like a diamond.(独立主格) 经过多年的潜心研究，他们取得了巨大的突破，他们脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。 She didn't say a word，but smiled a watery smile and held my hand tightly.她一句话也没说，只是含泪笑了笑，紧紧地握着我的手。 On the way we met Mrs Patrick，laughing guiltily as if she were doing something wrong.(现在分词短语作状语) 在路上，我们遇到了帕特里克夫人，她内疚地笑着，好像做错了什么似的。 Wearing a broad smile，my mother gently patted me on the shoulder and uttered，“You can do it.”(现在分词短语作状语)妈妈面带微笑，轻轻地拍了拍我的肩膀，说：“你能行的。” “Look at him，” Fen chuckled softly，and her eyes grew wide.“看他，”芬低声轻笑地说，眼睛睁得大大的。 All at once，the teacher's serious expression softened into a smile.突然，老师严肃的表情变成了微笑。 So excited were they that they jumped up and down，laughing from ear to ear.(现在分词短语作状语)他们兴奋得跳上跳下，笑得合不拢嘴。 [语料运用]——生活趣事 就像一只被困的动物，我大声呼救，声音大到几乎让自己耳聋。我多么希望自己从未把头伸进那个南瓜里！令人恼火的是，外面传来了兄弟们的大笑和妹妹的咯咯笑声。爸爸笑得合不拢嘴，小心翼翼地把南瓜的开口弄得更宽。我这次野心勃勃的尝试让我出来时下巴疼痛，脖子僵硬，甚至嘴里还含着一颗南瓜子。“你做到了！”妈妈大声笑着，她实际上一直在拍摄我整个尴尬的过程。 Like a caged animal，I screamed for help，nearly deafening myself.How I wish I had never forced my head inside the pumpkin! Annoyingly，1.roars of laughter of my brothers and giggles/chuckles of my sister reached my ears from outside (无生命名词作主语).2.Laughing from ear to ear (非谓语动词作状语)，Dad painstakingly made the pumpkin opening wider.My ambitious attempt had led me to emerge with a sore chin，a stiff neck，and even a seed in my mouth.“You made it！” Mom 3.laughed a loud laugh.She was actually filming my whole embarrassment. [对应学生用书P541] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A While climbing the Great Wall is a once­in­a­lifetime dream for many，Jim Spear has taken it a step further，spending the last 18 years as a villager residing beneath this ancient wonder. “Never did I dream I would have the chance to visit the Great Wall，let alone live under it，” said 68­year­old Spear，a self­taught architect from the United States. Spear's interest in China began during his college days.It deepened when he met Tang，a Chinese girl，in 1980，and they got married two years later.In 1986，he decided to drop out of his doctoral studies in Chinese politics at the University of California and moved to China “to get to the heart of things”．“I realized that if I became a scholar of China，based overseas，I wouldn't be able to experience what was happening in China，” Spear said. In 1995，the couple secured a long­term rent of a traditional village farmhouse in Mutianyu and decided to make it their full­time home ten years later.Shortly after possessing full­time village life，he rented an abandoned schoolhouse and transformed it into a restaurant and art glass factory for a sustainable tourism business.He also turned a former factory into a hotel and helped renovate (翻新) over 20 households into restaurants.Besides，he explored other ways to support those residents in rural areas.“I want to do something for them，” Spear said. Spear's designs reflect his natural talent for fusing (使融合) traditional and modern elements，adopting the Great Wall style.However，Spear emphasized his approach involves creating designs and views “that echo (映现) the Great Wall，not copy it”．In 2014，Spear received the Great Wall Friendship Award from the Beijing government. Talking about the future，Spear sees abundant possibilities in China，driven by significant domestic demand and a growing emphasis on preserving historic structures. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。登上长城是很多人的梦想，而68岁的美国人Jim Spear在长城脚下生活了18年。他和妻子(中国人)一起体验长城脚下中国人的生活，用自己的设计天赋为当地人作贡献，并因此受到北京市政府的表彰。他用自己的行为践行着对中国长城和中国历史的热爱。 1．What do we know about Spear from the first two paragraphs? A．He likes to climb the Great Wall. B．He came to China when he was 18. C．He once dreamed of becoming a villager. D．He has lived beneath the Great Wall for years. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Jim Spear...as a villager residing beneath this ancient wonder”和第二段中他说的话可知，Spear之前从没想过自己能到长城旅游，更别说住在长城脚下，而他在长城脚下的村庄里生活了18年。故选D。 2．What's Spear's purpose of moving to China when he was in college? A．To see a real China. B．To marry a Chinese girl. C．To work as an architect. D．To study Chinese politics. 解析　A　推理判断题。根据第三段中Jim Spear的话“I realized that...experience what was happening in China”可知，Spear认为自己如果要成为研究中国的学者，那么在海外的话，就无法体验到中国发生的事。由此可知，大学时他来到中国的目的是看看真正的中国。故选A。 3．What is special about Spear's designs? A．They are inspired by rural residents. B．They copy the style of the Great Wall. C．They have received a world­wide prize. D．They connect the past with the present. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Spear's designs reflect his natural talent for fusing (使融合) traditional and modern elements，adopting the Great Wall style”可知，他的设计采用了长城风格，融合了传统和现代元素，即连接了过去和现在。故选D。 4．What will Spear possibly plan to do in the future? A．Continue to engage in cultural exchange. B．Work for another award in structure preserving. C．Find more ways to support the rural residents. D．Conduct further study into historic structures in China. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Talking about the future，Spear sees abundant possibilities...on preserving historic structures”可知，谈到未来时，Spear看到了丰富的可能性，因为他看到了巨大的国内需求和中国对保护历史建筑物的日益重视。由此可推知，未来他可能会继续研究中国历史上著名的建筑物。故选D。 B (2024·南京二模) For eight years，Sophie created realistic­looking limbs(肢) for those who wanted to fit in.But she longed to work on more odd designs that would stand out.Then she met Pollyanna Hope，a young amputee (被截肢者). “She wanted something a little different on her leg: pictures of a cartoon she loved，Peppa Pig，” said Sophie，who is now based in London.So she designed a unique leg covered in tattoo­like images of Peppa and other pigs riding a bicycle and eating ice cream.Working with Hope made Sophie realize there was a potential market for limbs. Since then，Sophie founded The Alternative Limb Project (ALP) to make artistic limbs.Her work includes an arm wrapped in sculpted snakes and a leg that looks like porcelain (瓷器) covered in a painted flowery vine.She makes about six limbs per year，always including clients' ideas so that they receive a personal piece they can celebrate rather than hide. Of course，a fancy­looking limb won't suit everyone.For Sophie，the basis is that each limb must satisfy a combination of comfort，beauty and functionality，and pushing too hard in one direction can weaken other areas.But for amputees who appreciate novelty，Sophie has some amazing ideas. “I'd really like to make a candy­dispenser leg with colorful candies inside it，” she says，“or a cuckoo­clock leg with a wooden bird that pops out every hour.” Her goal is to fashion a striking limb. “It'll transform the limbs from an elephant in the room into a conversation piece.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Sophie为截肢者设计独特的假肢的故事。 5．Why did Pollyanna Hope come to Sophie? A．She hoped to have a tailored limb. B．She intended to design a cartoon figure. C．She longed to expand the market for limbs. D．She expected to sell Sophie some odd ideas. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“She wanted something a little...So she designed a unique leg covered in tattoo­like images of Peppa and other pigs riding a bicycle and eating ice cream(Pollyanna Hope想在腿上画一些不同的东西：她喜欢的卡通图像——小猪佩奇。所以Sophie设计了一条独特的腿，上面有像文身一样的佩奇图像，和其他猪骑着自行车和吃冰淇淋的图像)”可推知，Pollyanna Hope来找Sophie的目的是希望有一个订制的假肢，故选A。 6．According to paragraph 3，ALP aims to . A．boost users' confidence B．sharpen users' creativity C．improve Sophie's sculpture skills D．extend Sophie's art business 解析　A　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，Sophie的作品总是包含客户的想法，以便他们收到一件可以庆祝而不是隐藏的个人作品。从而推知，Sophie创立ALP的目的是提升用户的自信心，故选A。 7．What is the basis for Sophie's works? A．The novelty of the pattern tops the list. B．The balance of multi­needs comes first. C．Fashion is the best policy. D．Functionality is the key. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，对于Sophie来说，其基础是每个肢体都必须满足舒适性、美观性和功能性的结合，向一个方向用力过猛会削弱其他方面。所以Sophie作品的基础是把多种需求的平衡放首位，故选B。 8．What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? A．Sophie resolves to lead the fashion of limbs. B．Sophie plans to further transform artistic limbs. C．Amputees will feel at ease to talk about limbs. D．Amputees will have easy access to artistic limbs. 解析　C　推理判断题。在英文中an elephant in the room比喻一些显而易见但却一直被忽略的问题，再结合语境可推知，这句话的意思是Sophie的事迹将假肢变为人们日常的话题，也就是说通过Sophie的努力，截肢者能够轻松地谈论假肢，故选C。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2025·太原一模)Do you ever feel like you're not good enough，even though you've done some cool stuff? This feeling can contribute to increased anxiety，depression and a cycle of overworking to prove yourself. 1 ．Actually，lots of people，up to 82%，have these kinds of discouraging feelings.Here's how you can deal with them. • 2 ．One way to fight self­doubt is to keep track of all the cool things you've done.Start a journal where you write down projects you've finished，goals you've reached，and nice things people have said about you.Work out a practical schedule to look back at this list. •Figure out what's good enough.Success can mean different things in different situations for different persons，so it's okay not to be the best at everything all the time.Just think about how good is good enough. 3 ，and then it can save your energy for other important things，like spending time with your family and friends. •Get help from someone you look up to.Working with a seasoned life coach who has done well and has qualities you admire can be a big help.They can assist you by sharing their own struggles with self­doubt and this exchange equips you with good strategies in your own pursuit of success. 4 ． Just remember，it's normal to be fooled by negative feelings sometimes，but you can't be tricked by them all the time. 5 ．By using these strategies，you can start a transformative path towards personal growth. A．But you are not alone B．Plan a personal­growth schedule C．Collect proof of your accomplishments D．So you'd better try to get the best of most tasks E．This way，you may know when to stop properly F．You can benefit a lot from the practical guidance G．You are sure to break free from the cycle of self­doubt [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何克服自我否定的倾向，让自己自信起来。 1．解析　A　空后一句提到事实上，高达82%的人都有对自己感到很沮丧的感觉。A项“但是你并不孤单”说明好多人都有类似的情况，承上启下，符合语境。 2．解析　C　段落主旨句。段首句通常作为主旨句来概括下文。根据下文可知，不自我怀疑的一个方法就是记录你所做过很酷的事情，把你完成的项目、达成的目标和别人对你的赞美写成日志。所以C项“搜集你所取得成就的证据”可以概括本段。 3．解析　E　分析段中设空句时，一定要把握段落中句与句之间的逻辑关系。本段首句“找出什么是足够好的”起统领作用，空前句子点明我们要知道自己能好到何种程度；下文的“and then it can save your energy for other important things”具体描述某种做法可以让你把精力转到别的更重要的事情上。所以E项“这样的话，你或许知道什么时候停下来”和空后内容衔接紧密。空后的it指代“知道什么时候停下来”这一做法。 4．解析　F　段落总结句。本段主旨句为“Get help from someone you look up to”，设空位于句末，所以应是对上文做法的总结。故F项“你会从这些实用的指导中获益良多”总结上文，符合语境。 5．解析　G　空前提到“我们被消极的情绪所迷惑，这是很正常的现象，但是你不能一直被它们所欺骗”，也就是说我们不能一直陷入消极的情绪里，空后提到“通过使用这些策略，你能实现自我成长”，表明要走出困境，实现自我改变和成长。所以G项“你肯定会打破自我怀疑的怪圈”衔接上下文。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2024·南京、盐城调研) In recent years，China has been working hard to improve living conditions in rural areas through a program called the New Rural Development Initiative.1. goal of this initiative is to improve infrastructure (基础设施)，modernize farming practices，and enhance the overall quality of life for those 2. (live) in the countryside. One important aspect of the initiative is the improvement of rural infrastructure， 3. includes the construction of better roads，bridges，and watering systems 4. (improve) the efficiency of transportation and agricultural activities. Another key focus is the promotion of modern agricultural 5. (technique).By introducing advanced farming methods and technologies，such as organic farming and the use of machinery，farmers are able to increase their productivity and income 6. damaging the environment. Furthermore，the initiative emphasizes the importance of preserving traditional culture and heritage in rural communities.Efforts 7. (make) to regenerate local traditions，which not only enriches the cultural 8. (diverse)of the countryside but also creates new opportunities for cultural tourism and sustainable development.The initiative also aims to enhance the living environment in rural areas through the restoration of traditional houses 9. the construction of public facilities. Through the initiative，China is working hard to create more prosperous (繁荣的) and 10. (harmony) countryside，providing its rural residents with better opportunities and an improved quality of life. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了中国政府正在通过“新农村发展倡议”项目，采取各种措施来加强乡村基础设施建设、推进农业生产现代化、全面提高农村人口生活质量。 1．解析　The　考查冠词。此处特指这个倡议的目标，故填定冠词The。注意首字母大写。 2．解析　living　考查非谓语动词。句意：该倡议的目标是改善基础设施，实现农业现代化，提高农村人口的整体生活质量。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语，空处为非谓语；those与live为逻辑上的主谓关系，故填living。 3．解析　which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词improvement of rural infrastructure，且在从句中作主语，指物，故填which。 4．解析　to improve　考查非谓语动词。句意：该倡议的一个重要方面是改善农村基础设施，包括建设更好的道路、桥梁和灌溉系统，以提高运输和农业活动的效率。分析句子结构可知，空处构成非谓语动词短语，作目的状语，故填to improve。 5．解析　techniques　考查名词复数。可数名词在非固定搭配情况下要采用“非单即复”原则。因为of后面没有a/an/the等示意使用单数的情况，且technique是可数名词，故填techniques。 6．解析　without　考查介词。此处表示“农民能够在不破坏环境的情况下提高生产力和收入”。 7．解析　are being made/have been made/are made　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据上下文可知，此处make这一动作可理解为正在进行；也可理解为已经发生了，此处强调其对现在造成的影响；还可理解为此处只是在陈述客观情况；主语Efforts和谓语动词make之间为被动关系；且主语Efforts为复数。故填are being made/have been made/are made。 8．解析　diversity　考查名词。句意：人们(正)在/已在努力恢复地方传统，这不仅丰富了农村的文化多样性，而且为文化旅游和可持续发展创造了新的机会。空处前面有形容词cultural修饰，并根据形容词修饰名词的特点可知，应填diversity。 9．解析　and　考查连词。句意：该倡议还旨在通过修复传统房屋和建设公共设施来改善农村地区的生活环境。句中“the restoration of traditional houses”和“the construction of public facilities”是并列关系，故填and。 10．解析　harmonious　考查形容词。句意：通过这一倡议，中国正在努力创造一个更加繁荣和谐的农村，为其农村居民提供更好的机会，改善居民的生活质量。由空处前面的and可知，空处与形容词prosperous为并列关系，共同修饰名词countryside，故填形容词harmonious。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$