选择性必修第2册 Unit 2 Improving Yourself（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2026年高考英语一轮复习（外研版）

[对应学生用书P158] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．(译林选必四U4)As the deadline (最后期限) approached，I had to stay up all night working on my laptop to complete it. 2．(人教选必一U5)As an alternative，some farmers have switched (转变) to organic farming，and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery. 3．(译林选必四U2)If someone looks at you with a confused expression，this could indicate that they have not completely understood your point.Then you will need to clarify (澄清) your message before moving on. 4．(人教必修三U3)Many of the people living here are from Mexico or Central America.This district (地区) used to be a poor area of town，but is now a centre for art，music，and food. 5．(译林选必一U3)The Impressionists' vision (远见) inspired a whole new generation of Post­Impressionist painters such as Vincent van Gogh and Paul Gauguin，whose works are also displayed at the Musée d'Orsay. Ⅱ.语境运用 1．Free Internet access at home is a huge step in making online education accessible to everybody.(access) 2．I am occupied with my occupation，which occupies most of my time every day.(occupy) 3．We launched a big advertising campaign to promote our new toothpaste，and the promotion succeeded at last.In return for our efforts，all the staff in our department were promoted．(promote) 4．Evidently，they are not well equipped for the fight ahead.Lack of essential medical equipment and skilled medical workers stops them from carrying out the work efficiently.(equip) 5．Teachers often motivate the students to study hard.Sometimes the motivation is essential for the students.(motivate) Ⅲ.完成句子 1．尽管我们相处的时间不长，但你回国还是让我感到悲伤。(告别信) Although we haven't been together for a long time，your returning to your country still leaves me (feeling) sad． 2．树林中间有一个深湖，在那里你会发现各种各样的鱼。(环境描写) In the middle of the woods lies a deep lake，where you can find various fishes. 3．当我知道需要一些志愿者时，我迫不及待地想写信申请这个职位。(申请信) On knowing that some volunteers are wanted，I can't wait to write to apply for the position. [对应学生用书P159] occupy v.占用，占去(时间)；侵占，使忙于；担任(要职)(☞occupation n.职业；占领) (1)occupy oneself with sth/in (doing) sth　忙于(做)某事；专心于(做)某事 (2)be occupied in doing sth/with sth　忙于做某事 keep sb/oneself occupied　使某人/自己忙碌 [练透]　单句语法填空/补全句子/同义句转换 ①Jobs and occupations (occupy) come and go at an amazing pace these days.(北师大选必三U7) ②You should set aside some time to participate in some extra­curricular activities although you are occupied with study. ③I was occupied in (忙于) doing this project，so I had no time for social activities. →Occupied in doing this project，I had no time for social activities.(过去分词短语作状语) →Occupying myself in doing this project，I had no time for social activities.(现在分词短语作状语) access n.接触的机会；权利；通道；入径 v.使用；到达；进入(☞accessible adj.可接近的；可使用的；易懂的；随和的) (1)have/get/obtain/gain access to　拥有……的机会；可以接近/进入 give access to　准许进入/接近 (2)be accessible to　可接近的；可使用的 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①As cities balloon with growth，access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) ②Medicines should not be placed in locations where they are easily accessible (access) to children. ③鉴于你对中国文化很感兴趣，我建议你申请北京大学，在那里你可以接触到许多中国文化。(建议信) Considering your keen interest in Chinese culture，I suggest you apply for Peking University，where you can have/get access to lots of Chinese culture． rely v.(为生活或生存而)依赖(☞reliable adj.可信赖的) rely on/upon　依赖；依靠；信赖 rely on sb/sth for sth　依靠某人/某物得到某物 rely on sb/sth to do sth　指望/相信某人会做某事 rely on (doing)...　依赖/信任/指望…… rely on it that...　相信……；指望…… [练透]　单句语法填空/一句多译 ①Specifically，it's a farm that relies on/upon new technology.By connecting through the Cloud，BMF is remotely monitored.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) ②But I know Jimmy will meet me here if he's alive，for he always was the truest and most reliable (rely) fellow in the world.(译林选必四U1) ③我最尊敬我的老师，因为每当我处于困境时，我都可以指望他给我一些实用的建议。(人物介绍) a．I respect my teacher most because I can rely on him to offer me some practical suggestions whenever I am in trouble. b．I respect my teacher most because I can rely on it that he can offer me some practical suggestions whenever I am in trouble. [点津]　在“rely on it＋that从句”中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的that从句。与此类似的有“depend on/see to it＋that从句”“appreciate it＋if从句”“like/hate it＋when从句”。 promote v.促进，增进；推动；促销；晋升(☞promotion n.提升，晋级，促进) (1)promote sb (from sth) to sth　把某人(从某职位)提升到某职位 be/get promoted　得到提升 (2)get/win/gain promotion　获得晋级 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Six months later，Mr Rochester paid another visit.Susan had been promoted to receptionist.But he recognized her immediately and addressed her by name.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷，听力) ②If you hope to gain promotion (promote) you will have to pull your socks up. ③登山不仅使我们亲近了大自然，还增进了我们之间的友谊。(活动介绍) Not only did the mountain climbing get us close to nature，but it also promoted the friendship among us． in control of 掌管，管理，控制 (1)in the control of... 　由……控制 be/get out of control　无法管理，失去控制 beyond one's control　某人无法控制 (2)have/take control of sth　对某事有控制权 lose control (of...)　失去(对……的)控制 (3)be under control　被控制住，处于控制之下 [练透]　单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子 ①By this time，the fire had extended to the 15th floor.Firefighters got the situation under control around 11 p.m.(译林选必二U1) ②Your mother would often panic when she learned to drive at first，but now she is completely in control of (控制)her emotions behind the wheel. ③It is said that he is the manager of the company.In other words，the company is in the control of him (由他控制). ④火势已经无法控制，我们束手无策，彻底绝望了。(情感描写) There was nothing we could do about it—the fire was out of control/was beyond our control．A wave of desperation swept over us. leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语 教材原句：An hour's sport each day left me tired out and wanting to go to bed early. 每天一小时的运动使我筋疲力尽，只想早点儿上床休息。 “leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语” 意为“让/使某人(物)继续处于某种状态等”。 (1)leave＋宾语＋名词/形容词/副词/介词短语； (2)leave＋宾语＋现在分词(表示主动、进行的动作)； (3)leave＋宾语＋过去分词(表示被动、完成的动作)； (4)leave＋宾语＋不定式(表示将来的动作)。 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①No matter where I buy them，though，one steamer basket is rarely enough，yet two seems greedy，and so I am always left wanting (want) more next time.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) ②The fire has also left dozens of people injured (injure)，5 of whom are in a critical condition.(译林选必二U1) ③这些曲调易于哼唱，而歌词则常常让人陷入深思。 The tunes are easy to sing，and the lyrics often leave you deep in thought．(译林选必一U2) [对应学生用书P161] 　单句语法填空 1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) When I was a teenager，a neighborhood friend won a marathon race.Feeling motivated (motivate)，I started running regularly，but then two things happened. 2．Now，the high­speed train in China is really fast，reliable (rely)，convenient and comfortable. 3．(2022·浙江1月卷)Meanwhile，over the course of the 19th century，electricity went from mere curiosity to a basic necessity (necessary). 4．(北师大选必三U7)In short，if you want to succeed in a 21st century career，you will have to develop new essential skills.Lifetime security (secure) from one employer is no longer certain or even likely. 5．(译林选必二U4)When you wear a VR headset equipped (equip) with sensors and a screen，you are surrounded by three­D images，sounds and other sensory information. 6．(译林选必四U3) When we work，we must practise our skills constantly (constant)and continuously until we excel in what we do. 7．There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds that they are not objectively (objective) true. 8．The engineer is thought to be capable and modest，so his promotion (promote) to manager is a popular appointment. 9．We learned that the occupation (occupy) he was offered at China Daily brings him a lot of chances to go abroad every month. 10．(译林选必二U3)As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace，however，questions arise about how to use it appropriately (appropriate). 　短语填空 1．Without our phones，we had a proper conversation for over two hours，without being distracted by (不会被分散注意力) messages from other people. 2．In his spare time，he either listens to soft music to relax himself or switches on the TV (打开电视) to watch news. 3．As is known to us，the greatest barrier to success (成功的障碍) is the fear of failure. 4．By setting goals you are in control of your life (掌控自己的生活).It's like having a map showing you where you want to go. 5．Keeping occupied with his work (忙于他的工作)，he has no time to attend to his sick daughter. 　完成句子 1．(北师大必修三U7)他的绘画风格经常让观众猜测作品的意义。(leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语) His style of painting often leaves the audience guessing as to the meaning of the work. 2．下一步要确保你真正弄清楚需要的是什么。(动词不定式作表语) The next step is to make sure that you know exactly what is required. 3．听到这个消息后，我立刻给我的朋友打电话祝贺她。(on/upon doing sth) On hearing the news，I immediately called my friend to congratulate her. [对应学生用书P162] Ⅰ.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思 1．(2024·浙江1月卷) Consumers prefer money off individual items.However，though it's nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages，it would help even more if they could sometimes be offered in smaller packs.一件商品(或物品) 2．(2023·浙江1月卷) Perhaps your household won't entirely make the switch，but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire.改变 3．(1)(2021·全国甲卷)We accessed the wall through the South Gate.进入 (2)(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.通道 Ⅱ.选出promote的含义 A．促进 B．晋升　C．促销 1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) Travel promotes understanding，expands our minds，makes us better people，and boosts local economies and communities，but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. A 2．(北师大选必三U7) Professor Salovey，who invented the term EQ，gives the following description: at work，it is IQ that gets you employed，but it is EQ that gets you promoted. B 3．(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Hunters bring in more than 300，000 nutria tails a year，so part of Mouton's job these days is trying to promote fur. C 近期你校英文报将举办主题为“Improve Your Self­discipline”的演讲比赛，请你写一篇短文参赛，内容包括： 1．自律的重要性； 2．提升自律的方法。 Ⅰ.利用本单元所学知识完成句子 1．自律是一个很重要的技能，它使你能控制自己的情绪和行为，以实现你的长期目标。(定语从句) Self­discipline is an important skill that equips you to manage your emotions and behavior to achieve your long­term goals． 2．有几种方法可以提高你的自律能力。专注做重要的事以避免分心。 There are several ways to improve your self­discipline.Focus on your priorities to avoid distraction. 3．不断记录自己把精力和时间投入目标上的进步。学习如何以适当的方式管理压力。 Constantly keep track of your progress to invest your efforts and time in your goals.Learn how to manage stress in appropriate ways． 4．具有良好的自律并非易事，但只要坚持练习，成功会随之而来。 Being equipped with good self­discipline isn't always easy，but as long as you keep practicing，success will follow. Ⅱ.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇 One possible version： Hello，everyone! It's a great honour to be here to give a speech about “Improve Your Self­discipline”．The details are as follows. Self­discipline is an important skill that equips you to manage your emotions and behavior to achieve your long­term goals.There are several ways to improve your self­discipline.To begin with，focus on your priorities to avoid distraction.Furthermore，constantly keep track of your progress to invest your efforts and time in your goals.Finally，learn how to manage stress in appropriate ways. Being equipped with good self­discipline isn't always easy，but as long as you keep practicing，success will follow.Thank you for your attention. [动作细节描写]——动“手指” 词块 lift/hold a warning finger伸出一根手指警告　lift/hold a finger to one's lips 伸出一根手指按在嘴上　dip one's finger in sth 把手指浸在……中　snap one's fingers打响指　wag/wave one's finger 摇着手指(表示不赞同)　point an accusing finger at sb 指责某人，怪罪某人　drum one's fingers on sp 用手指咚咚地敲某处　wrap one's fingers around sth 把手指缠在某物上 句型 “None of that！” cried the teacher，wagging/waving her finger.(现在分词短语作状语)“别那样！”老师挥舞着她的手指喊道。 “It was them！” she cried，pointing an accusing finger at the boys.(现在分词短语作状语)“是他们！”她喊道，用手指指着那些男孩们，指责他们。 It was at that time that my considerate teacher drummed his fingers on the blackboard and then held a warning finger，signaling them to keep silent.(动作链描写) 就在那个时候，我那位体贴的老师用手指在黑板上敲了敲，然后竖起了一个警告的手指，示意他们保持安静。 [语料运用]——战胜自我 站在舞台上，我用手指紧紧抓着外套的衣角，几乎想要放弃。一些同学忍不住窃窃私语。就在这时，我体贴的老师用手指敲了敲黑板，然后举起一根手指以示警告，让他们安静下来。“安静！”老师喊道，同时把一根手指竖在嘴边。在老师的鼓励下，我开始朗读我的故事。我如此全神贯注地朗读，感觉自己并不孤单。一个更勇敢、更自信的女孩出现了，从那以后，我一直投入大量精力练习朗读。 Standing on the stage，I 1.wrapped my fingers around the corners of my coat．I almost threw in the towel.Some students couldn't help whispering.It was at that time that my considerate teacher 2.drummed his fingers on the blackboard and then held a warning finger (动作链描写)，signaling them to keep quiet.“Be quiet！” cried my teacher，3.lifting a finger to his lips (现在分词短语作状语)．Motivated by my teacher，I began reading my story.I was so occupied in reading that I felt I wasn't alone.A braver and more confident girl appeared and ever since then，I 4.have been investing lots of energy to practise reading． [对应学生用书P522] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·日照校际联合考试)A well­known social media platform once made the headlines for limiting likes in an effort to reduce the comparisons and hurt feelings resulting from attaching popularity to sharing content.“This is a small step in the right direction，” says Jacqueline Sperling，a psychologist who works with the youth that experience anxiety disorders. Social media has a reinforcing nature.The platforms are designed to be addictive and are related to anxiety，depression，and even physical illnesses.But what makes users come back for more even when it can literally make them feel sick? “The unknown outcome and the possibility of a desired outcome can keep users engaging with the sites，” Sperling says.“When the outcome is unpredictable，the behavior is more likely to repeat.” To boost self­esteem and feel a sense of belonging in their social circles，people post content with the hope of receiving positive feedback.FOMO—fear of missing out—also plays a role.Teenagers hope to keep track of friends' activities.Missing experiences can create anxiety and depression. The earlier teens start using social media，the greater impact they have on mental health.This is especially true for females.While teen males tend to express aggression physically，females do so by excluding others and sharing hurtful comments.Social media increases the opportunity for such harmful interactions. In addition，social media puts a lens filter (滤镜) on appearances and reality.When there's a filter applied to the digital world，it can be hard for teens to tell what's real and what isn't，which comes at a tough time for them physically and emotionally. We can benefit from social platforms to some extent，as they allow people to stay in touch with family and friends around the world.Still，the platforms have opened a “Pandora's box” as they continue to evolve more quickly than we can research their impact. In addition to limiting likes，Sperling suggests social platforms consider decreasing mass sharing.Regardless of how likely social media giants are to change their ways，though，individuals can take control of their own behavior. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了某社交媒体平台限制点赞的举措并分析了青少年频繁使用社交媒体的原因，呈现了社交媒体的一些不良影响。 1．Why does the famous social media platform mentioned in paragraph 1 limit likes? A．To share more content. B．To increase its popularity. C．To ensure teens' well­being. D．To reduce teens' online time. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第一段的“in an effort to reduce the comparisons and hurt feelings”可知，社交媒体平台限制点赞的目的在于减少攀比，减少感情上受到的伤害；第二段也说明了社交媒体与焦虑、抑郁甚至身体疾病的产生息息相关；同时文章的谈论对象为青少年。因此，此举有助于青少年健康地使用社交媒体以确保其身心健康，故选C。 2．What does the “Pandora's box” in paragraph 6 imply? A．Social media can be double­edged. B．People benefit from social platforms. C．People get boxes of gifts from social platforms. D．Social media opens a door for people to see the world. 解析　A　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“it can be hard for teens...physically and emotionally”可知，社交媒体有弊端；根据第六段中的“We can benefit from social platforms...around the world”可知，在某种程度上人们也可以从社交平台中受益。由此可知，此处的“潘多拉魔盒”指的是社交媒体既有利也有弊，是把双刃剑，故选A。B项“人们可以从社交平台中受益”，C项“人们可以从社交平台中得到成盒的礼物”，D项“社交媒体为人们打开了一扇看世界的门”。 3．Which of the following does Sperling agree with? A．Social media's lens help teens to tell the real world. B．Social media's unpredictable outcome attracts frequent visits. C．Social media is helpful to teens with anxiety and depression. D．Social media has a greater impact on female teens than male teens. 解析　B　推理判断题。根据第三段中Sperling说的话“When the outcome is unpredictable，the behavior is more likely to repeat”可知，当结果不可预测时，人们越有可能重复这种行为，即频繁使用社交媒体，故选B。A项“社交媒体的透镜帮助青少年识别真实的世界”，B项“社交媒体不可预测的结果吸引了(人们)频繁的访问”，C项“社交媒体对有焦虑和抑郁问题的青少年有帮助”，D项“社交媒体对女性青少年的影响要大于男性”。 4．What will the author most probably talk about next? A．Advice on users' controlling mass sharing. B．Reasons for teens' posting addictions. C．Negative effects of harmful interactions. D．Ways of social media giants' management. 解析　A　推理判断题。 根据最后一段中的“Regardless of how likely...individuals can take control of their own behavior”可知，不管社交媒体大公司做出改变的可能性有多大，个人也可以控制自己的行为。由此可推出，接下来作者有可能会谈论关于个人如何减少大量分享的建议，故选A。 B (2024·浙江1月卷)The Stanford marshmallow (棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s.Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room.A single sugary treat，selected by the child，was placed on a table.Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat，they would be given a second treat.Then they were left alone in the room.Follow­up studies with the children later in life showed a connection between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success. As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day.We're not tempted(诱惑)by sugary treats，but by our computers，phones，and tablets—all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers. We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie­poor world，and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value—a feeling of reward and satisfaction.But as we've reshaped the world around us，dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories，we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago，and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn't eat. A similar process is at work in our response to information.Our formative environment as a species was information­poor，so our brains developed a mechanism that prized new information.But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment.We are now ceaselessly bombarded(轰炸)with new information.Therefore，just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption，we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption，resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章通过20世纪60年代一项针对孩子的棉花糖实验引出作者观点——身处网络时代，我们每天都受到大量信息的诱惑，要学会做有选择的信息消费者。 5．What did the children need to do to get a second treat in Mischel's test? A．Take an examination alone. B．Show respect for the researchers. C．Share their treats with others. D．Delay eating for fifteen minutes. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第一段对Mischel的棉花糖实验的介绍中的“Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat，they would be given a second treat.”可知，孩子们如果等待15分钟再吃糖，就会得到第二份奖励，故选D。 6．According to paragraph 3，there is a mismatch between ． A．the calorie­poor world and our good appetites B．the shortage of sugar and our nutritional needs C．the rich food supply and our unchanged brains D．the tempting foods and our efforts to keep fit 解析　C　细节理解题。根据题干中“mismatch”这一关键词将答案定位在第三段的最后一句话“But as we've reshaped the world around us，dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories，we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago，and this mismatch is at the heart...we shouldn't eat.”由此句可知，我们获取热量所需付出的成本和努力大大减少，也就是说现在我们能够轻易获取充足的食物了，但是我们的大脑仍然和数千年前一样，因此这两者之间是不匹配的，A项“热量匮乏的世界和我们的好胃口”；B项“糖分的缺乏和我们的营养需求”；C项“充足的食物供应和我们一成不变的大脑”；D项“诱人的食物和我们为保持健康所做的努力”。故选C。 7．What does the author suggest readers do? A．Absorb new information readily. B．Be selective information consumers. C．Use diverse information sources. D．Protect the information environment. 解析　B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Therefore...we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption，resisting the temptation of the mental‘junk food’ in order to manage our time most effectively.”可知，作者建议我们要谨慎地对待信息消费，抵制那些对我们的精神健康有害的信息诱惑，以达到高效管理时间的目的。因此可推断出，作者建议读者要做有选择的信息消费者，A项“欣然接受新信息”；C项“使用多样化的信息源”；D项“保护信息环境”。故选B。 8．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Eat Less，Read More B．The Bitter Truth about Early Humans C．The Later，the Better D．The Marshmallow Test for Grown­ups 解析　D　文章主旨大意题。本文围绕棉花糖实验展开，从最初针对幼儿园孩子的测试引入，说明棉花糖对孩子的影响，再类比到成人身上，阐述了在充斥着各类信息的信息大环境下，我们成年人也应该要学会抵制不良信息带来的诱惑，做一个有选择的信息消费者，因此文章重点介绍了成人面临的“棉花糖实验”，故选D。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2024·合肥质检)When something goes wrong，do you tend to bounce back or fall apart? Here are some strategies to help you manage a personal setback (挫折) and get back on track toward achieving your goal. ·Realize it's normal.Less than 20 percent of people successfully achieve their goals the first time around.It's normal and expected for setbacks to occur. 1 Knowing this，it's important to anticipate that the main task will be how to effectively manage the setback when it arises. ·Don't deny it.Sometimes it's hard to recognize a setback.The problem can be staring you right in the face，but you may think there's no cause for alarm. 2 This inability to acknowledge the problem doesn't mean you're stupid.It's just that denial can cloud your awareness of the issue.It's important to be receptive to the honest feedback. · 3 Stop and consider carefully what went wrong.The most common causes of a setback are personal worries，overconfidence，and poor coping skills.Take a look at any factor that may have contributed to the setback：Where you were，who you were with，what you were thinking and feeling. ·Learn from it.Learn from your analysis of the setback，and adjust your plan to try to prevent similar things from happening the next time.Each time you fine­tune your plan and put it into action again，you actually improve your odds of eventual success. 4 Remind yourself that your setback is a slip instead of a fall. 5 After adjusting，you can still make progress toward success again. A．Don't take it seriously. B．Analyze what happened. C．You haven't lost all of the knowledge，skills，and support. D．In other words，it's not whether a challenge will happen，but it's when. E．This is because you learn from each misstep to make your plan more effective. F．Friends or family will voice their concern，but you still may not be able to accept it. G．You might even write about past experiences in a journal to guide your future behavior. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在遇到挫折后的解决方法，旨在帮助读者面对挫折，并解决挫折。 1．解析　D　本段开头说仅有不到百分之二十的人第一次就成功，说明遇到挫折的人是大多数，遇见挫折很正常；空后又说重要的是预见到当挫折发生时，如何有效地处理挫折，因此此处应该关注的是挫折何时发生，而非挫折是否会出现。故D项符合语境。 2．解析　F　该段指出我们不应该否定挫折，后文提及应该多去接受真诚的反馈，此处的反馈即家人或朋友们的意见、关心。但即使这样我们仍可能无法接受挫折，这种情况并不代表愚蠢，而是正常的，只不过否认挫折会蒙蔽你对问题的认识。故此空应承上启下，故F项符合语境。 3．解析　B　本段提到导致挫折的因素，多把那些可能引起失败的因素纳入反思的范围，才能顺利面对挫折，说明该段以分析为主，且此空位于段首，应是对下文的总结，故B项“分析发生了什么”符合语境。 4．解析　E　本段讲述从挫折中学习，每一次从挫折中获得的经验都是日后成功的基石，因此空处是说挫折会让你的计划更有效、更合理，是对上文变成功的原因说明。故E项符合语境。 5．解析　C　空前说到挫折对一个人来说只是一次滑倒，而非是坠落，因此空处要解释原因。C选项符合文意，即便你遭遇了挫败，你并未失去知识、技能、支持一类的东西，依然可以东山再起，大胆迈向成功。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2024·兰州诊断考试)China is known as Xia for its grand etiquette (礼仪) culture，and known as Hua for its beautiful attire (衣裳).With the 1. (change) in society，economic development，and cultural development，clothing has evolved over thousands of years.However，while the forms may have been changed，the essence (本质) 2. (remain) constant. “In ancient China，emperors like Huangdi，Yao，and Shun brought peace to the world through their clothing.” Clothing holds 3. significant place in Chinese culture.It is not only used for daily wear 4. (cover) the body and protect it from cold but also as an instrument of management.In ancient Chinese society，there were strict rules and dress codes about clothing.The presence of clothing distinguished civilization 5. barbarism (野蛮)，while changes in color and style 6. (gradual) developed into a form of etiquette.Their design conveyed behavioral norms and 7. (they) patterns were rich in cultural significance.Moreover，ancient attire was also an important carrier of morality.China has always been known as a nation 8. values formal attire and etiquette. What is the Chinese style? It is something that makes people think of China as soon as they see it.For example，the horse­face skirt，which 9. (favor) by international brands and Chinese people for many years，will continue to be attractive.Chinese clothing，as a classical style，has been known to the world overnight with good opportunities.It's not just a traditional costume style but also a source of 10. (admire). [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述中国的服装从古代到现代的发展过程，同时中国传统服装被国际品牌所青睐。 1．解析　change(s)　考查名词。定冠词the后面用名词形式，故change在本句中作名词，表示“改变，变化”，此时change既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，故填change(s)。with the change(s) in society“随着社会的改变”。 2．解析　remains　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本文主要是以现在时叙述，主语the essence是单数，故谓语动词用第三人称单数，填remains。 3．解析　a　考查冠词。此处是说“服装在中国文化中占有一个重要地位”。place在此表示“地位”，以单数形式出现，表示泛指，应用不定冠词，significant的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。a significant place表示“一个重要的地位”。 4．解析　to cover　考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式结构作目的状语，表示服装的用途，故填to cover。 5．解析　from　考查介词。distinguish与from连用，表示“把……和……区别开来”，为固定用法。 6．解析　gradually　考查副词。修饰动词developed用副词形式，gradually“逐渐地”。 7．解析　their　考查代词。修饰名词patterns用形容词性物主代词，故填their。 8．解析　that/which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词为nation，故用that或which。 9．解析　has been favored　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。空前的which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的skirt，句子缺少谓语动词，且主语和谓语动词之间为被动关系。根据“for many years”可知，应用现在完成时。主语为单数。由此可知本空填has been favored。 10．解析　admiration　考查名词。介词of后面用名词作宾语，故填admiration“欣赏，赞赏”。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$