选择性必修第2册 Unit 6 Survival（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2026年高考英语一轮复习（外研版）

[对应学生用书P534] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·兰州诊断考试)For the past 8 years，K­9 Officer Roni has been by the side of Officer Joel Nitchman of the Deer Park Police Department.They've been through a lot together，and the cop (警察) thinks of the dog as a member of his own family.Recently，the team had just returned to the station when an EF­3 tornado suddenly formed nearby. The wind picked up fast.Remembering Roni was still inside his cage in the patrol car，Joel didn't think twice about rushing outside into the storm to get his partner.“The thought of ruins or the car flipping over...I couldn't do that to him，” said Joel.“I couldn't have him out there during that.” He felt debris (碎片) hitting his face as he headed into the wind，and he knew the situation was worsening with every passing second. Conditions worsened even further when Joel made it around to the other side of the car.The wind and rain were so strong that he couldn't get the door open.When he finally opened it，Roni refused to move.“I could barely open his door，” Joel said.“When I did，he's a smart dog，he saw what was going on outside and he said he was not coming out.” With a lot of coaxing (劝诱)，Roni finally followed his partner out of the car，and Joel was able to lead him by the collar back into the safety of the station. “Never been through anything like this before，” Joel said of the frightening event.Now that the danger has passed，he feels even closer to his K­9 partner，and he'd do it all over again，if he had to.“I love that dog，” he explained.“He's a part of our family.We can't leave a loved one like that.There's no way I was going to leave him like that.” Well done，officer! It's nice to know that these cops have each other's backs through thick and thin. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。Roni是一条警犬，它和警官Joel Nitchman是搭档，形影不离。有一天，龙卷风突然出现，而Roni还在巡逻车上的笼子里，Joel冒着恶劣天气，把Roni安全带回警局。 1．What is the relationship between Roni and Joel like? A．Plain. B．Distant. C．Terrible. D．Inseparable. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“For the past 8 years，K­9 Officer Roni has been by the side of Officer Joel Nitchman...the cop(警察)thinks of the dog as a member of his own family”可知，Joel和Roni形影不离，Joel把Roni当作自己的家人看待，由此可知他们的关系很亲密，密不可分。A项“坦率的”；B项“疏远的”；C项“可怕的”；D项“密不可分的”。故选D。 2．Why did Joel rush out despite the coming disaster? A．Roni was still on duty outside. B．He attempted to get inside the car. C.He went to rescue Roni stuck in the car. D．He wanted to learn more about the tornado. 解析　C　细节理解题。 根据第二段中的“Remembering Roni was still inside his cage in the patrol car，Joel didn't think twice about rushing outside into the storm to get his partner”可知，Joel冲出去是为了把还在巡逻车的笼子里的Roni带出来，即为了救被困在车里的Roni，故选C。 3．What is the most unexpected difficulty during the rescue of Roni? A．Lack of official help. B．Roni's fear of the danger. C．The poor quality of the door. D．The unsafe situation of the station. 解析　B　推理判断题。 根据第一段可知Joel和Roni之间关系亲密；根据第二段中的“he knew the situation was worsening with every passing second”可知，Joel对当时的天气等客观情况是了解的；再由第三段中的“When he finally opened it，Roni refused to move”和“he said he was not coming out”可知，Roni看到了车外糟糕的天气，害怕得不敢出来。由此可知，在救Roni的过程中，Joel没有预料到Roni对车外的危险的害怕。 4．How does the experience influence Roni and Joel? A．They are more attached to each other. B．They are now living closer to each other. C．They have more loved ones in their lives. D．They are more independent of each other. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Now that the danger has passed，he feels even closer to his K­9 partner”可知，Roni和Joel比以前更亲密了。 B Imagine that an alien species landed on Earth and，through their mere presence，those aliens caused our art to fade，our music to be standardized，and our technological know­how to disappear.Actually，that is what humans have been doing to our closest relatives—chimps (黑猩猩). Back in 1999，a team of scientists led by Andrew Whiten showed that chimps from different parts of Africa behave very differently from one another.Some groups would get each other's attention by tapping branches with their knuckles (指关节)，while others did it by loudly tearing leaves with their teeth.The team identified 39 of these traditions that were practiced by some communities but not others—a pattern that，at the time，hadn't been seen in any animal except humans.It was evident，the team said，that chimps have their own cultures. It took a long time to convince unbelievers that such cultures exist，but now we have plenty of examples of animals learning local traditions from one another.However，when many scientists have come to accept the existence of animal cultures，many of those cultures might disappear.Ammie Kalan and her colleagues have shown，through years of intensive fieldwork，that the very presence of humans has gradually reduced the diversity of chimp behavior.Where we grow，their cultures weaken.It is a bitterly ironic thing to learn on the 20th anniversary of Whiten's classic study. “It's amazing to think that just 60 years ago，we knew next to nothing of the behavior of our sister species in the wild，” Whiten says.“But now，just as we are truly getting to know our primate (灵长类) cousins，the actions of humans are closing the window on all we have discovered.” No one knows whether the destruction of chimp cultures is getting worse.Obviously，conservationists need to think about saving species in a completely new way—by preserving animal traditions as well as bodies and genes.“Instead of focusing only on the conservation of genetically­based beings like species，we now need to also consider culturally­based ones，” says Andrew Whiten. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。黑猩猩有自己的文化，人类的存在逐渐减少了黑猩猩行为的多样性。因此，我们需要考虑用一种全新的方式来拯救物种：既要保护动物的身体和基因，也要保护它们的传统。 5．What does the author say we humans have been doing to chimps? A．Ruining their culture. B．Accelerating their extinction. C．Treating them as alien species. D．Standardizing their living habits. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“those aliens caused our art to fade...doing to our closest relatives—chimps(黑猩猩)”可知，那些外星人使我们的艺术褪色、我们的音乐标准化以及使我们的技术知识消失。实际上，这就是人类对我们最近的亲戚——黑猩猩所做的事情。由此可知，人类正在毁灭黑猩猩的文化，故选A。 6．What is the finding of Andrew Whiten's team? A．Chimps demonstrate highly developed skills of communication. B．Chimps rely heavily upon their body language to communicate. C．Chimps behave in ways quite similar to those of human beings. D．Different chimp groups differ in their way of communication. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Back in 1999，a team of scientists led by Andrew Whiten showed that chimps from different parts of Africa behave very differently from one another”可知，Andrew Whiten领导的一组科学家发现来自不同地区的黑猩猩的行为截然不同，故选D。A项“黑猩猩表现出高度发达的交流技能”，B项“黑猩猩非常依赖他们的肢体语言进行交流”，C项“黑猩猩的行为方式与人类非常相似”。 7．What did Ammie Kalan and her colleagues find through their intensive fieldwork? A．Whiten's classic study has little impact on the diversity of chimp behavior. B．Chimp behavior becomes less varied with the increase of human activities. C．Chimps transform their culture to quickly adapt to the changed environment. D．It might already be too late to prevent animal cultures from extinction now. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“the very presence of humans has gradually reduced the diversity of chimp behavior.Where we grow，their cultures weaken”可知，人类的存在逐渐减少了黑猩猩行为的多样性。我们在哪里成长，它们的文化就在哪里减弱。故选B。 8．What does the author suggest conservationists do? A．Focus entirely on culturally­based beings rather than genetically­based ones. B．Place more stress on animal traditions than on their physical conservation. C．Conserve animal species in a novel and all­round way. D．Explore the cultures of species before they disappear. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“conservationists need to think about saving species in a completely new way—by preserving animal traditions as well as bodies and genes”可知，作者建议自然环境保护主义者需要考虑用一种全新的方式来拯救物种——既要保护动物的身体和基因，也要保护它们的传统，故选C。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2024·重庆质量调研) Promoting Body Positivity Movement “Don't judge a book by its cover，” the popular saying goes.It reminds us that something's appearance shouldn't be the most important thing when we are determining its value. 1 Its message is that we should value ourselves for who we are warts and all.So what can we do to promote body positivity? Not comparing your body to others，particularly celebrities，is a good first step. 2 Comparing only creates a standard we think we need to reach and leads to feelings of disappointment if we aren't up to scratch. 3 When someone says something nice，embrace it—don't push it away or play it down.And flatter others too.If you think someone looks nice，or someone has a good idea，tell them，which can lift their spirits. Appreciate your body for what it can do— walking，yoga，playing sports or otherwise. 4 You can be an incredible man regardless of your shape or size. And finally，don't forget that low self­esteem and body confidence issues affect everyone.There aren't a lot of guys that are pushing the idea of body positivity.The only person who can truly affect your body positivity is you.Becoming comfortable with yourself is unlikely to be accomplished overnight—but don't give up and just move.Remember that everyone is insecure sometimes. 5 Love what you look like. A．This is what the body positivity movement is all about. B．A regular workout brings you a strong and capable body. C．Stopping judging ourselves against our imperfections is important. D．Be unapologetic about who you are and what you want as a person. E．Learn to express your admiration，which promotes positive mental health. F.Being insecure in your daily life is common and sometimes necessary. G．We are surrounded by these idealized images of what it is to be beautiful. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。本文主要提出了几个促进身体积极性的建议，鼓励人们热爱自己的身体，并停止根据外表来评判自己。 1．解析　A　空前一句讲当我们判定某样东西的价值时，它的外表不应是最重要的东西；空后一句讲到我们应该珍视我们自己，包括所有缺点。A项“这就是身体积极运动的全部意义所在”承上启下，与文章标题呼应。空后的Its message指A项中“the body positivity movement”这一运动的要旨。 2．解析　G　空前一句讲到不要将你的身体与他人，尤其是名人进行比较。结合常识可知，名人一般都是荧幕上理想化的美丽形象。故G项“我们周围充斥着这些理想化的美丽形象”符合语境，选项中的idealized images与本段第一句中的celebrities是相同概念。 3．解析　E　段落主旨句。空后讲当有人说好听的话时，要接受它。此外还要使别人高兴。如果你觉得某人好看，或者某人有好主意，告诉他们，这会让他们开心。这些都是在告诉读者要学会表达赞赏。故E项“学会表达你的赞赏，这会促进积极的心理健康”可以概括本段。 4．解析　B　空前讲“感激你身体能做的事情——步行、瑜伽、运动或其他”。B项“有规律的锻炼给你带来强健有力的体魄”解释了锻炼的好处，承接上文要感激身体能做的运动。 5．解析　D　本段主要讲要热爱自己的身体、对自己的身体有自信。空前讲每个人都有缺乏自信的时候，空后讲要爱自己的样子。D项“不要对你是谁和作为一个人你想要什么感到抱歉”强调我们要自信、要爱自己，契合本段主旨，且承上启下。本题易错选F项。虽然F项中的“Being insecure in your daily life is common (不自信在你的日常生活中很常见)”承接上文，但F项中的“sometimes necessary”表示不自信有时是必要的，在文中没有体现，且与本段的主旨不符。故F项错误。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2024·济南质检)The Grand Canal is one of the great engineering wonders built by ancient Chinese.“It bears witness 1. a remarkable and early development of hydraulic (与水利系统有关的) engineering，” the UNESCO website states. In ancient times，the Grand Canal 2. (serve) as the main channel for grain transport and every kind of economic and cultural exchange.It also facilitated the time­consuming journeys of laborers and materials for the 3. (construct) of the Forbidden City in Beijing，the capital city of the Yuan，Ming and Qing Dynasties. The Grand Canal had inspired the name of Chenchen，one of the three mascots (吉祥物) of the 19th Asian Games Hangzhou.Chenchen，coming from the Gongchen Bridge，4. stretches over the Hangzhou section of the Grand Canal，was colored blue 5. (represent) science and technology. The Hangzhou section of the canal covers 6. total length of 39 kilometers，which is home to 11 of the canal's total 58 historical 7. (site).It enters the city from Tangqi ancient town in Yuhang District，travels through Gongshu and Shangcheng Districts，8. finally flows into the Qiantang River from the Three Gorges ship lock. Visitors 9. (recommend) to take a boat trip on the ancient waterway to enjoy some of 10. (it) incomparable scenery as well as the amazing landscape of Jiangnan water town. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。京杭大运河是中国古代的伟大工程奇迹之一。在古代，京杭大运河是粮食运输和各种经济文化交流的主要通道。此外，京杭大运河启发了“宸宸”这个名字，“宸宸”是杭州第19届亚运会的三个吉祥物之一。 1．解析　to　考查介词。此处表示“它见证了水利工程的早期卓越发展”。bear witness to sth “见证某事”，为固定短语。 2．解析　served　考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语，the Grand Canal和serve之间是主动关系；再根据时间状语“In ancient times”可知，时态应用一般过去时。故填served。 3．解析　construction　考查名词。根据空前“the”和空后“of”可知，此处应用名词，construction“建筑，建造，施工”，是不可数名词。故填construction。 4．解析　which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，并指代先行词the Gongchen Bridge，故填which。 5．解析　to represent　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处构成非谓语动词短语作目的状语，故应用动词不定式，填to represent。 6．解析　a　考查冠词。 a length of“长……”，是固定搭配，此处total修饰length，其发音以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。 7．解析　sites　考查名词复数。 空前有“58”修饰，且site“场地，场所”是可数名词，故填sites。 8．解析　and　考查连词。句中的enters、travels和flows为并列关系，故填并列连词and。 9．解析　are recommended　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处说明一般情况，应用一般现在时，且主语是可数名词的复数形式，与recommend之间是被动关系，故填are recommended。 10．解析　its　考查形容词性物主代词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰名词scenery，应用形容词性物主代词，表示“它的”，故填its。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$