选择性必修第二册 Unit 6 Survival（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2027年高考英语一轮复习（外研版）

**基本信息** 以真实情境语篇为载体，系统整合阅读策略、词汇语境应用及语法规则，聚焦语言能力与思维品质提升的综合训练。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|2篇8题（环保教育/动物行为）|推理判断（关键词定位/同义转换）、段落大意（主题句提炼）、标题归纳（主旨概括）|不同文体（记叙文/说明文）阅读策略与信息提取逻辑链| |完形填空|1篇15题（情感故事）|语境分析（上下文呼应）、词汇复现（同义替换）、情感线索追踪|语篇连贯与词汇语境应用的内在关联| |语法填空|1篇10题（自然景观）|词性转换（名/副/动形态变化）、从句引导词（关系代词/副词）、时态语态（被动/主谓一致）|语法规则在语篇中的系统性应用推导|

[对应知能达标训练P532] 说明：阅读理解每题2.5分，完形填空每题1分，语法填空每题1.5分，本试卷共50分。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·湖北武汉调研)To Karanth，everyone in every part of the world is born with a fundamental connection to nature.Growing up in Karnataka，she began accompanying her father into the wild at just two years old.But in her hometown，kids grew up with a negative perspective on wildlife.Elephants destroyed crops and sometimes people were badly injured or killed.Karanth discovered kids wouldn't appreciate the fact that it's the best place to witness extraordinary animals. In 2017，a conversation with her friend Cabby shifted her mindset towards education.Within half a year，Karanth and Gabby had the first version of “Wild Shaale” on their hands.A program designed for students who come into frequent contact with wildlife，Wild Shaale aims to develop a genuine understanding of wildlife and wild spaces and move beyond wildlife tolerance to concepts of conservation and environmental issues.The conservation education program fills a gap in environmental learning. While it is fortunate that a basic environmental education is supported by local government，Karanth believes the challenge lies in the quality of the curriculum and whether it's delivered effectively and consistently.“You have to visualize what these schools look like.They may not have electricity—forget having computers，Internet，iPads，or anything.” Encouraging the students to find commonalities between themselves and the animals is the first step in changing perceptions and hopefully，behavior.“It comes down to the same things: we need food; we need water; we need space.Then they start to understand why situations of conflict arise.” Karanth says.“But then how do you convince them not to get angry，not to act in a way that leads to harm? That's something we're trying to work on.It's not easy.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。Karanth和朋友Gabby通过“Wild Shaale”项目，改善当地学生对野生动物的认知，减少人类和野生动物之间的冲突。 1．What problem might Karanth's hometown have faced? A．Human-wildlife conflict. B．Loss of wildlife habitats. C．Overpopulation of elephants. D．Disregard for wildlife balance. 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段的“But in her hometown，kids grew up with a negative perspective on wildlife.Elephants destroyed crops and sometimes people were badly injured or killed.”可知，在Karanth的家乡，孩子们对野生动物持有负面看法。大象会破坏庄稼，有时甚至伤害或杀死人。由此可知，Karanth的家乡可能面临过人与野生动物的冲突问题。故选A。A项中的conflict是对文中的destroyed，injured，killed等词的概括。 答案　A 2．Why did Karanth launch the program Wild Shaale? A．To help students identify animals. B．To fill a gap in local education. C．To change how students perceive wildlife. D．To publicize wildlife diversity. 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段第三句中的“Wild Shaale aims to develop a genuine understanding of wildlife and wild spaces and move beyond wildlife tolerance to concepts of conservation and environmental issues”可知，Wild Shaale项目旨在培养对野生动物和野生空间的真正理解，并从无法容忍野生动物转变为保护和环境问题的概念。故选C。C项与原文中的“to develop a genuine understanding of wildlife”是同义转换。 答案　C 3．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．The support to the plan. B．The barrier to the program. C．The curriculum arrangement. D．The schools' conditions. 解析　段落大意题。根据第三段尤其是“Karanth believes the challenge lies in the quality of the curriculum and whether it's delivered effectively and consistently”可知，虽然基础环境教育得到了当地政府的支持，但Karanth认为，挑战在于课程的质量，以及课程是否能有效而持续地进行。由此可知，本段主要谈论的是项目面临的阻碍，故选B。B项中的 barrier与文中的challenge是同义转换。 答案　B 4．What is Karanth trying to achieve in the program? A．A shift in humans' attitudes and behavior. B．A breakthrough in environmental studies. C．Appropriate ways to end local conflict. D．Approaches to changing animals' behavior. 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Encouraging the students...is the first step in changing perceptions and hopefully，behavior”和“how do you convince them not to get angry，not to act in a way that leads to harm? That's something we're trying to work on.”可知，鼓励学生发现他们和动物之间的共同点是“改变观念，并且有望改变行为”的第一步。说服人们不要愤怒，不要以导致伤害的方式行动，这是项目正在努力解决的问题。故选A。A项与原文中的“changing perceptions and hopefully，behavior”是同义转换。 答案　A B (2025·贵州贵阳摸底考试)Orangutans (红毛猩猩) are known for an impressive skill of engineering: They carefully weave an intricate nest from branches in the forest canopy (树冠) daily for cozy nights and shady midday naps. Some nests，particularly those made by older and more experienced orangutans，have pillows，blankets，and sometimes even a roof made by broad leaves—and all must be well protected and strong enough to hold 100-plus pounds of the sleeping gorilla. Now a study published in Animal Behavior reveals that young orangutans perfectly complete this vital task in seven years.“The fact that it takes them so long to acquire this skill shows us that it's much more complex than we realized before，” says the study's lead author Andrea Permana，a primatologist (灵长类动物学家) at the University of Warwick in England. To understand this behavior，researchers followed 45 orangutans at Indonesia's Gunung Leuser National Park for 13 years.Permana found that orangutans begin to show interest in nest building as young as six months.These young orangutans practice the task daily during their youth，watching their mothers to learn building techniques.As they get older，their strength and skillfulness improve，letting them more successfully make branches into the structure.Researchers have seen orangutans build their first functional night nests at three years old，but they still tend to sleep alongside their mothers until about age seven. These nests offer more than just cover from tigers and other predators; sleep itself is a crucial resource as well.All great apes (类人猿) construct nests to some degree，and studies show that orangutans sleep deeper and longer than non-nest-building primates.This sound sleep may tell us how nests played a part in our own ancestors' brain evolution because human ancestors and orangutan ancestors both developed nest building.Permana says：“The more rested you are，the more innovative you can be.Maybe you're more curious，your memory is better，and you can solve problems better.The knock-on effects of that on the success of our ancestors is pretty undoubtable.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。红毛猩猩擅长用树枝编织复杂的巢穴，这些巢穴不仅仅是它们的庇护所，也让它们睡得更好。 5．What can we know about the nests built by more experienced orangutans? A．They do not have roofs. B．They are made of broad leaves. C．They are relatively well-equipped. D．They can hold more than 100 gorillas. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，一些巢穴，特别是那些年龄较大、经验更丰富的红毛猩猩搭建的巢穴，有枕头、毯子，有时甚至有一个由宽树叶做成的屋顶。由此可知，经验更丰富的红毛猩猩搭建的巢穴的装备相对较好，故选C。 答案　C 6．What can we learn about young orangutans? A．They are required to build nests. B．They begin building nests at six months. C．They imitate their moms to build nests. D．They sleep with their moms until three. 解析　推理判断题。 根据第四段的“orangutans begin to show interest in nest building as young as six months...watching their mothers to learn building techniques...letting them more successfully make branches into the structure”可知，红毛猩猩在六个月大的时候就开始展现对巢穴搭建的兴趣。小的红毛猩猩在幼年时每天都会练习搭建巢穴，看着它们的妈妈学习搭建技巧。随着年龄的增长，它们的力量和技巧会提高，这使得它们可以更成功地将树枝搭建成巢穴。由此可推知，幼小的红毛猩猩是模仿妈妈来学习搭建巢穴的，故选C。 答案　C 7．What can be inferred from Permana's words? A．Ancestors benefit a lot from sleeping well. B．Humans can be curious about nest building. C．Innovation can make people solve problems. D．People consider nest building as a complex skill. 解析　推理判断题。第五段中Permana说“你休息得越好，你就越有创造力。也许你更好奇，你的记忆力更好，你就能更好地解决问题。我们祖先在这方面成功的连锁反应是毋庸置疑的”。由此可推知，祖先因睡得好而获益良多。故选A。 答案　A 8．What can be the best title for the passage? A．Great Apes: Ancestor of Nest Building B．Improved Sleep: Benefit of Nest Building C．Smart Orangutans: Master of Nest Building D．Technical Progress: Evolution of Nest Building 解析　标题归纳题。本文主要介绍红毛猩猩善于编织复杂的巢穴。C项“聪明的红毛猩猩：筑巢大师”。故选C。 答案　C Ⅱ.完形填空 (2025·山东德州、烟台一模)The love story of Phil and Kim includes a tale they'll laugh about for years to come.The day Kim accepted Phil's proposal of marriage，the couple__9__ to take engagement photos in Park City，Utah.The snowy mountains created a picturesque __10__，but little did they know this dreamy setting would turn into a chaotic mix of __11__． Not long into the shoot，Kim was surprised to find her engagement ring had__12__ when the photographer asked her to do a __13__ in which she placed her hand onto Phil's chest.Kim remembered picking up snow and __14__ it in the air minutes before.The odds were that the ring broke away from her finger then.Hearts __15__，they tracked back along their route.It was a fruitless __16__．They felt their blood freeze. Learning of it，the skiers nearby got__17__．Hours passed and it seemed __18__ even with a metal detector.When __19__ they would have to wait until spring to locate the ring，the couple were close to a mental collapse. But then a blinding flash in the snow caught a skier's eye.It was the diamond ring! Phil turned this wild__20__ into something even more unforgettable.Accompanied by the __21__ of kind strangers，he dropped to one knee，ring in hand，and __22__ again.Kim was overcome with relief and joy. A moment of heartache turns into a life-long__23__．The couple will look back on their engagement photos with laughter，tears and appreciation as they tell their story. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Phil和Kim在雪山拍摄订婚照时意外丢失戒指，最终在众人帮助下找回戒指的温馨故事。 9．A．happened B．decided C．hesitated D．promised 解析　根据上文“Kim accepted Phil's proposal of marriage”可知，Kim接受了Phil的求婚。因此，他们决定(decided)去拍订婚照。 答案　B 10．A．focus B．outline C．background D．target 解析　空后的“this dreamy setting”指这座雪山，雪山是订婚照的背景(background)。setting 和background是同义词复现。 答案　C 11．A．emotions B．comments C．characters D．responses 解析　根据下文可知，Kim在拍订婚照的过程中丢失了订婚戒指。再结合下文“the couple were close to a mental collapse”以及“Kim was overcome with relief and joy.”可知雪山这个梦幻的地方给他们带来了复杂的情感(emotions)。 答案　A 12．A．turned up B．broken down C．stuck out D．slipped off 解析　根据下文的“the ring broke away from her finger”可知，Kim的订婚戒指滑落了(slipped off)。turn up出现，调大；break down出故障；stick out伸出，突出，显眼。 答案　D 13．A．pose B．show C．task D．project 解析　根据“she placed her hand onto Phil's chest”可知，摄影师要求Kim做出一个姿势(pose)。 答案　A 14．A．watching B．throwing C．sweeping D．packing 解析　and连接两个动作，可以表示动作的先后顺序。结合此处的语境可知，捧起雪后的动作是将雪抛(throwing)到空中。 答案　B 15．A．ceasing B．flying C．warming D．sinking 解析　hearts sink表示“心里一沉”，意指失望、伤心。 答案　D 16．A．test B．struggle C．search D．option 解析　根据“they tracked back along their route”可知，他们在搜寻(search)婚戒。 答案　C 17．A．scared B．relieved C．involved D．noticed 解析　句意：了解事情原委后，附近滑雪的人都参与了(involved)。 答案　C 18．A．risky B．promising C．unbearable D．hopeless 解析　根据上文“It was a fruitless__16__．”可知，众人搜寻未果。再根据“the couple were close to a mental collapse”可以判断出，似乎没有希望了(hopeless)。risky有风险的；promising有前景的；unbearable无法忍受的。 答案　D 19．A．asked B．told C．warned D．called 解析　根据“the couple were close to a mental collapse”可知，这对情侣几近精神崩溃。因此推断出，他们被告知(told)直到春天才有可能找到戒指。 答案　B 20．A．adventure B．defence C．entertainment D．investigation 解析　此处表示Phil把这次疯狂的经历转变成了更难忘的事情。this wild adventure指这次寻找订婚戒指的经历。 答案　A 21．A．thanks B．cheers C．apologies D．inquiries 解析　根据上文可知，戒指被找到了。由下文可知，Phil再次求婚了，因此陌生人发出了欢呼(cheers)。apology道歉；inquiry询问。 答案　B 22．A．married B．kissed C．proposed D．tried 解析　根据“he dropped to one knee，ring in hand”可知，Phil在求婚(proposed)。 答案　C 23．A．dream B．commitment C．pursuit D．memory 解析　此处表示成为终生的回忆(memory)，与下文的look back相呼应。 答案　D Ⅲ.语法填空 (2025·湖南名校联考四) Namtso Lake's amazing beauty should not be missed by any visitors.The lake's 24.________(pure) and solemnness (庄严) are symbols of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.In Tibetan，Namtso means “Heavenly Lake”． Being 25.________ large saltwater lake in China，Namtso is the 26.________(high) altitude saltwater lake in the world.The water here is crystal-clear blue.Soul of every visitor who has ever been here seems 27.________(clean) by the pure water. Namtso Lake maintains its levels from rainfall and melted snow from high mountains.In addition，five bylands (半岛) stretch 28.________ the water from different directions.Zhaxi byland is the largest of five.A great many stone peaks can be found on this byland.Strange rocks，steep peaks，natural stone ladders 29.________ other wonders on Zhaxi byland form a mysterious picture，which 30.________(present) to visitors. Summer is the best time to pay a visit here.Wild animals 31.________(leisure) look for food along the shores; countless migratory birds fly here to lay eggs and feed their young.Sheep and cows herds are like 32.________(flow) white blankets on the green grassland 33.________ can stretch as far as your eyes can see. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上海拔最高的咸水湖——纳木错湖。 24．解析　考查词性转换。句意：纳木错湖的纯净和庄严是青藏高原的象征。设空处与solemnness并列作句子主语，应填名词purity，意为“纯净；纯洁”，为不可数名词。故填purity。 答案　purity 25．解析　考查冠词。句意：纳木错湖是中国的一个大型咸水湖，是世界上海拔最高的咸水湖。分析句子成分可知，设空处修饰单数可数名词lake，结合句意可知，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且large的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 答案　a 26．解析　考查形容词的比较等级。根据语境并结合空前的the和限定范围in the world 可知，此处应用形容词的最高级，表示“世界上海拔最高的咸水湖”。故填highest。 答案　highest 27．解析　考查非谓语动词。句意：每一个曾经来过这里的游客的心灵似乎都被纯净的水净化了。分析句子成分可知，主句中已有连系动词seems，设空处应用非谓语形式，seem to do sth为固定搭配，意为“觉得似乎做了某事”，clean与soul之间为逻辑上的被动关系，所以应用不定式的被动形式。故填to be cleaned。 答案　to be cleaned 28．解析　考查介词和搭配。句意：此外，有五个半岛从不同方向延伸到这片水域中。stretch into为固定搭配，意为“延伸进；延伸到……中”。故填into。 答案　into 29．解析　考查连词。句意：扎西半岛上奇特的岩石、陡峭的山峰、天然石梯以及其他奇观构成了一幅神秘的画面，这幅画面呈现在游客面前。分析句子成分可知，空后的other wonders与空前的Strange rocks，steep peaks，natural stone ladders之间是并列关系，所以此处应填并列连词and，表示“和”。故填and。 答案　and 30．解析　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子成分可知，which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为picture，设空处作从句谓语，动词present与从句主语which之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。根据语境和空前的form可知，句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为单数，系动词用is。故填is presented。 答案　is presented 31．解析　考查词性转换。句意：野生动物悠闲地沿着湖岸寻找食物……分析句子成分可知，设空处修饰动词短语look for，作状语，应用副词。故填leisurely。 答案　leisurely 32．解析　考查非谓语动词。句意：在绿绿的草原上，牛羊就像流动的白毯，一直延伸到你目光所及之处。分析句子成分并结合句意可知，主句中已有系动词are，设空处与其之间没有连接词连接，故设空处应用非谓语动词，作定语，修饰white blankets；他们之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填flowing。 答案　flowing 33．解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为white blankets，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用that 或which引导。故填that/which。 答案　that/which 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $