选择性必修第1册 Unit 4 Meeting the Muse（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2026年高考英语一轮复习（外研版）

[对应学生用书P509] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Artificial intelligence (AI) has been increasingly good at fooling people.A series of photos showing former US President Donald Trump being aggressively arrested by police have caught people's attention.They were fake but very convincing. Created by the AI program Midjourney，the photos were highly realistic，from the characters' movements to the surroundings.However，many details can give away the fact that they are made by AI.The Washington Post's technology writer Shira Ovide shared her tips.The main idea is to spot the problems—anything that would look strange in a photo. AI software has a history of generating human hands incorrectly.It sometimes can create hands with more than five fingers.This is because AI isn't sure what a “hand” exactly is，according to Popular Science.The data AI uses to learn often show hands and fingers in various gestures，which can be very confusing for AI. AI­generated images also usually contain details that are against reality.To spot this，focus on items like accessories.For example，people in an image may be missing earrings or one part of their sunglasses.If there's text in an image，such as a newspaper or poster，it's usually garbled (篡改)，even though the text may look realistic from a distance. Another thing AI is terrible at handling is the background.If there's a crowd in the image，people's faces in the background are usually blurry—or they don't have faces at all! The development of AI­generated art also raises alarm bells about how these fake images could be used to spread misinformation.“I think misinformation is going to hit an all­time high，” Jamie Cohen，a digital culture and AI expert in the US，told New York Post.Generating an AI art work is to “create reality”，Cohen argued，adding that，being able to tell whether the work is real or not requires high media literacy (素养) skills.“The world may not be ready for how realistic the images have become，” Shane Kittelson，a US researcher，told The Washington Post. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能技术生成图像存在的问题和不同人士的看法。 1．Why are Donald Trump's photos mentioned in the first paragraph? A．To draw more people's attention. B．To make people convinced of the news. C．To show the AI­generated images were fake. D．To prove that it's easy for AI to cheat people. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句推知，提及特朗普的照片是为了说明人工智能很容易愚弄人。故选D。 2．Why does AI generate human hands incorrectly according to the text? A．It is unable to recognize human hands. B．The data it uses to learn contain errors. C．It doesn't fully understand human hands. D．It has insufficient data about human hands. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知，人工智能无法真正理解“手”到底是什么，因此才会生成错误的手。故选C。 3．Which of the following will Jamie Cohen agree with? A．AI artworks may not be reflective of true creativity. B．It's high time to address the risks posed by AI works. C．AI artworks will replace traditional art forms in the future. D．Detecting real art demands strong media literacy competence. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句可知，Cohen认为，发现真正的艺术需要很高的媒体素养技能。故选D。 4．Where is the text probably from? A．A news report. B．A diary. C．A research paper. D．Science fiction. 解析　A　文章出处题。文章主要介绍了人工智能技术生成图像存在的问题。由此推知，本文可能来自新闻报道。故选A。 B Human history is full of horse stories like guiding cowboys home on foggy nights and taking wounded soldiers through battle zones.Such sensible and highly trained horses made Elina Jatel，a computer scientist and roboticist，think of robots.“A horse that can take a rider home on its own would be the highest level of autonomy，” Jatel says.“You trust them with your life.” She was drawn to learning how such relationships form and if it could help improve human­robot interactions. For a year，Jatel engaged herself in the horse world.She watched classes in horse training，and she also talked with students，instructors，trainers and horse owners.Along the way，Jatel even learned to ride. Horses learn signals from their trainers on how to comfortably interact with people.People，too，must learn their part.Riders must learn what a horse wants or how it feels based on its behavior，and what signals to use to direct horses to perform in desired ways.Jatel found some similarities，here，to working with robots.People must learn how to direct robots to do specific tasks.They also must learn what to do when robots don't perform as planned.The goal is to program robots that will respond predictably to inputs from people.But like horses，autonomous robots also should be able to respond on their own as conditions change.For example，a self driving car must stop to avoid hitting something，even if some human mistakenly tells it to keep going. Trainers and riders work with horses to build respect.Horses show that respect by matching their pace to a human or giving someone who is leading them a safe degree of personal space.Trainers begin their work with a horse by getting them to show signs of respect in basic interactions，Jatel says.Later，trainers will develop more complex interactions.Gradually，a horse's respect can grow into trust. But that trust is not given.And there may be a similar limitation with robots.What would it mean for robots and people to respect and trust each other? For now，she adds，this is largely uncharted territory.But she's looking to build a path. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。机器人专家埃琳娜·贾特尔从马与人的关系中获得研发自主机器人的灵感。文章主要介绍了其灵感来源以及未来的重点研究方向。 5．What drew Elina Jatel's attention to horses? A．Horses' amazing performance. B．Long history of horse training. C．Horse human interdependence. D．Her horse­riding experience. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Such sensible and highly trained horses made Elina Jatel，a computer scientist and roboticist，think of robots...She was drawn to learning how such relationships form and if it could help improve human robot interactions”可知，这些有判断力且训练有素的马让计算机科学家和机器人专家埃琳娜·贾特尔想到了机器人，一匹可以自己带骑手回家的马将是最高级别的自主，你可以把生命托付给它们，她很想了解这种关系是如何形成的，以及它是否有助于改善人机互动。由此可知，马的惊人表现吸引了埃琳娜·贾特尔对马的注意。故选A。 6．What are the robots of the highest autonomy designed to do? A．To act like real horses. B．To show respect for humans. C．To follow instructions from humans. D．To make independent and sensible decisions. 解析　D　细节理解题。 根据第三段中的“The goal is to program robots that will respond predictably to inputs from people.But like horses，autonomous robots also should be able to respond on their own as conditions change”可知，其目标是编程机器人，使其能够对人类的输入做出可预测的反应。但像马一样，自主机器人也应该能够在条件变化时自行做出反应。下文关于自动驾驶汽车的例子也说明了这一点。由此可知，最高自主的机器人被设计做出独立而明智的决定。 7．What will Jatel's future research most probably focus on? A．The limitations of robots. B．Trust between robots and humans. C．The path toward higher robot efficiency. D．Similarities between horses and robots. 解析　B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“What would it mean for robots and people to respect and trust each other? For now，she adds，this is largely uncharted territory.But she's looking to build a path (机器人和人类相互尊重和信任意味着什么？她认为目前这在很大程度上是一个未知领域，她想要开辟一条道路)”可知，贾特尔未来的研究重点是机器人和人类之间的信任。故选B。 8．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．History of Human Horse Relationship B．Secrets of Human Animal Interactions C．The Role of Trust in Human Robot Partnerships D．Horses as the Inspiration for Autonomous Robots 解析　D　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Such sensible and highly trained horses made Elina Jatel，a computer scientist and roboticist，think of robots”可知，机器人专家从马与人类的关系中得到研发自主机器人的灵感，接下来重点介绍了其灵感来源以及未来的研究重点等。由此可知，D项“马作为自主机器人的灵感来源”最适合作文章标题。故选D。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2024·福州质量检测)There are a lot of strategies for visiting a museum and avoiding “museum tiredness”．Consider what is mentioned below in planning. 1 Regardless of a museum's size，you'll get tired quickly if you try to look closely at every object displayed.Likewise，most museums provide lots of information about the objects on view.So don't try to read everything. 2 “Tombstone” labels are very brief and provide facts about the artist，their country，etc.There may be a number，which the museum uses to register the object，usually according to when it became a part of the collection，and a credit line that indicates the donor.Object labels are placed next to many objects. 3 The approach used to write museum labels has been much debated among art historians and museum professionals. 4 Ask for a map，or have museum staff suggest highlights in the collection or special exhibitions.Many museums have special tours，audioguides，or downloadable apps that point you to these objects. Some people recommend setting a specific amount of time for your visit (1 or 2 hours). 5 In addition to benches in the galleries，most museums have a cafe，a shop，a sculpture courtyard or gardens where you can hang out and relax for a bit. A．You'll likely meet with two types of labels. B．You are sure to make the most of your experience. C．It's always a good idea to stop by the information desk. D．It would also be wise to plan frequent breaks in the galleries. E．Note that these might not be artworks that you find appealing. F.If you live near，consider frequent visits to the changed exhibitions. G．These aim to give information not always obvious about the artwork. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何有效地参观博物馆。 1．解析　B　空处所在段落第一句提到避免“博物馆疲劳”的多种策略，并且空处前一句讲到让读者考虑下文所提到的规划建议，所以空处应该是考虑下文建议所带来的结果。B项“你一定会尽情享受你的经历”符合语境。 2．解析　A　空后分别介绍了“‘Tombstone’ labels”与“Object labels”两种标签的具体信息，所以A项“你可能会遇到两种类型的标签”与下文逻辑连贯，构成了总分关系。 3．解析　G　空前句子第一次提到“Object labels”，所以空处应该是对这种标签的详细介绍。G项“这些旨在提供一些关于艺术品的并不总是显而易见的信息”衔接上文。另外，选项中的代词“These”与空前的“Object labels”存在指代关系，也加强了两句间的衔接。 4．解析　C　段落主旨句。空处所在的段落从篇章结构角度看，应该和第二、四段并列，都是避免“博物馆疲劳”的具体策略。结合空后的内容可知，C项“去问讯处总是一个好主意”用来表达建议，符合段落大意。 5．解析　D　根据空后的逻辑信号词“In addition to”可知，空处应该会提到介词to后面所接的宾语benches in the galleries。D项“计划在画廊里经常休息也是明智的”中的galleries与空后的galleries为原词复现。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2024·广州综合测试)A skywell，or “tian jing” in Chinese，is a typical feature of a traditional home in Southern and Eastern China.Skywells are commonly seen in homes 1. (date) from the Ming and Qing dynasties，which 2. (design) to house different generations of relatives.Despite their varied sizes and designs，these skywells are typically square and located in 3. heart of the house.They serve to allow in light，enhance airflow，and harvest rainwater. Since decades ago，the government 4. (advocate) green buildings，promoting environmentally­friendly practice.The increased interest towards traditional Chinese architecture is leading to the restoration of historic buildings with skywells 5. modern use.Architects are also looking towards the principles behind skywells while designing new buildings 6. (save) energy.The Dongguan TBA Tower in Guangdong Province，for example，brings natural airflow into every floor with internal “windpipes”7. function in a similar way to skywells.The aim is to keep the building's temperature 8. (comfort) in all seasons，using only natural airflow. The fact that skywells still exist today shows 9. clever ancient builders were in using nature's elements to create energy­sufficient and sustainable living spaces.These timeless architectural 10. (wonder) continue to inspire architects in their efforts to find green solutions for cooling homes and buildings. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍“天井”这一中国传统住宅典型的设计，尤其介绍了“天井”在增强气流、推广环保实践方面的现代化应用。 1．解析　dating　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语，date from表示“追溯到”，没有被动形式，故用dating。 2．解析　were designed　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。空前的which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为名词复数homes，与design之间是被动关系，同时根据“Ming and Qing dynasties”可知，用过去时，故本空填were designed。注意空后的house在此作动词，表示“让……居住”。 3．解析　the　考查冠词。 根据空前的located可知，这里说的是天井在住所中的位置，heart在此表示“中心，中央”。此处表示特指，故用定冠词。 4．解析　has advocated/has been advocating　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“Since decades ago”可知，本空应用完成时。这里既可以强调动作对现在的影响，也可以强调动作的持续性。主语the government，是单数概念，与advocate之间是主动关系。故填has advocated/has been advocating。 5．解析　for/in　考查介词 。根据句意可知，此处可以表示“为了现代化的使用”，也可以表示“在现代化中使用”，故填for/in。 6．解析　to save　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语。再结合句意可知，建筑师在设计新建筑时会关注天井背后的原理，这样的做法是为了节约能源。故用动词不定式短语作目的状语。故填to save。 7．解析　which/that　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空前的“The Dongguan TBA Tower...internal ‘windpipes’”是完整的句子，故“ function in a similar way to skywells”应该是一个从句。结合句意可知，此处应该引导定语从句。空后的function在此作动词，意为“起作用”。从句缺主语，先行词为表示物的windpipes“气管”，故填which/that。 8．解析　comfortable　考查形容词。“keep sth＋形容词”意为“使……保持……”，形容词作宾语补足语，故填comfortable。 9．解析　how　考查宾语从句。本句话中shows是主句的谓语，空处引导宾语从句。根据句意可知，此处应用how修饰形容词clever，表示程度。 10．解析　wonders　考查名词复数。空处在句中作主语，其前有形容词architectural修饰，故应用名词。wonder在此意为“奇迹，奇观”，是可数名词，前面有These修饰，故用复数wonders。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$