专题4 第8讲 名词性从句（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2026年高考英语一轮复习（北师大版）

第8讲　名词性从句 名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子，它的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中可作主语、宾语、表语和同位语，因此名词性从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 考点一　主语从句 分类 引导词 例句 从属连词 that(无实义)、whether(是否)只起连接作用，不作成分，一般不省略(常用it作形式主语) That he survived the accident is a miracle.他在这场事故中幸免于难，真是个奇迹。 It suddenly occurred to him that he had left his keys in the office.他突然想到他把钥匙忘在办公室了。 连接代词 who，whom，whose，what，which，whatever等 What makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.让这本书如此非凡的是作者富有创造性的想象力。 Whichever team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. 无论哪支球队在周六获胜，都将晋级全国锦标赛。 连接副词 when，where，why, how，whenever等 It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.我们在哪里开会都无所谓。 When we begin the trip is still a question.我们何时开始这次旅行仍悬而未决。 How this accident happened is still unknown.这场事故是怎么发生的还不清楚。 单句语法填空 ①(2024·浙江十校联考)Using high speed rail, what used to be a 34­hour journey can now be accomplished in just seven to nine hours. ②It is well known that Chinese people prefer hot meals every day, and they're also used to having hot drinks with it. ③Since the Ming Dynasty, Yingge Dance has been regarded as the symbol of good fortune, and people believe that whoever gets into the Yingge Dance troupe (表演团) this year will be successful and everything will go well. 考点二　宾语从句 分类 引导词 例句 从属连词 that(无实义)、whether/if(是否)只起连接作用，不作成分 I wish (that) she would understand me.我希望她能理解我。 I should phone her and see if/whether she's available for dinner.我得给她打个电话，看看她是否有空一起吃晚饭。 连接代词 who，whom，whose，what，which，whichever等 Words don't always mean what they seem to mean.话语常有弦外之音。 The editor decides which will be the most important story on the front page.编辑决定哪篇报道最重要，安排在头版。 You may take whichever book will interest you.哪本书让你觉得感兴趣，你就可以拿哪本。 连接副词 when，where，why, how，whenever等 He didn't tell me when we could meet again.他没告诉我什么时候我们能再见。 I wonder why you don't tell me about the fact.我想知道你为什么不告诉我真相。 They couldn't imagine where he had been on such a stormy night.他们想不出，在那样的暴风雨之夜，他到什么地方去了。 单句语法填空 ①Live boldly (大胆地) and try to let your courage outweigh your fear. You never know where it might lead you in the life journey. ②Every year on March 14，students around the world put down their textbooks and pick up slices of pie to celebrate a unique and delicious holiday—Pi(π)Day. Thinking of the first 3 digits (数位) of π， you can quickly work out why March 14 was chosen as the date for Pi Day. ③“Growing tasty and healthy food has been my dream since I was a teenager. I know how challenging it can be, but if you take the soil seriously, I believe it will pay off，” Guo says. ④I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out. 考点三　表语从句 分类 引导词 例句 从属连词 that(无实义)、whether(是否)只起连接作用，不作成分，一般不省略 The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can be entirely free from dust.雨季最令人愉快的事情是人可以完全不受灰尘的袭扰。 The question is whether we should invest in this project.问题是我们是否应该投资这个项目。 because(强调原因) From space, the earth looks blue. This is because about seventy­one percent of its surface is covered by water.从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面约百分之七十一都被水覆盖着。 as if/as though(好像) (人教版必修一U4)At 3：42 a．m., everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! 凌晨3: 42，万物开始摇晃，仿佛世界末日即将来临！ 连接代词 who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever等 They are what they used to be.他们依然如故。 The problem is which worker should be responsible for the accident.问题是哪位工人应该对事故负责。 连接副词 when，where，why，how，whenever等 Home is where you can find love and care.家是你能够找到爱和关怀的地方。 That's how the Indians made their living.那就是印第安人谋生的方式。 What I want to know is when he will be back.我想知道的是他什么时候回来。 (1)why与because 引导表语从句时，前者强调结果，后者强调原因。句子的主语为the reason时，表语从句用that引导，表示原因，此时不用because。 The reason why we don't trust him is that he often lies.我们不相信他的原因是他经常说谎。 (2) as if/though引导的表语从句，通常位于系动词look，seem，sound，be等后；既可以用虚拟语气，也可以用陈述语气。　 单句语法填空 ①(2024·保定二模)The towering peaks seem as if they are natural blockades preventing the bitter wind from entering the zone and that seems to be how/why the weather here is regulated. ②(2024·泸州质检)Unlike ordinary paper­making where trees need to be cut down, Dai paper is environmentally friendly. This is because its raw material is the bark of a kind of trees unique to the area. ③An explosive mixture of gun­powder and chemical compounds(化合物)is what makes fireworks flash in pretty colors and fun shapes. 考点四　同位语从句 同位语从句通常用于对主句中的名词(多为抽象名词)进行解释，说明其具体内容。后接同位语从句的名词有：belief，decision，doubt，explanation, evidence，fact/truth，feeling，hope，idea，news，opinion，possibility，problem，promise，suggestion，thought, wish等。 分类 引导词 例句 从属连词 that(无实义)，whether(是否)只起连接作用，不作成分，一般不省略 Tears filled her eyes at the thought that she might never see him again.一想到可能再也见不到他了，她满眼是泪。 He must answer the question whether he agrees with it or not.他必须回答他是否同意这个问题。 连接 代词 what，who等 They haven't solved the problem who should be in charge of the key project.他们还没有解决由谁来负责那项重点工程的问题。 副词 when，where，why，how等 We haven't yet settled the question when and where we are going to spend our vacation.我们还没有决定什么时候、去哪儿度假。 He put forward the question how we can get the fund.他提出了我们怎样才能得到这笔资金的问题。 单句语法填空 ①When dining alone, we can consume whatever we would like, with the added bonus that we might be able to eat more healthily. ②If the audience stands up and applauds at the end of a performance, it is regarded as a sign that they love the performance. ③China's National Ecology Day promotes the belief that “Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets”， reflecting the country's devotion to ecological progress. 技法图解 学以致用 1.(2024·全国甲卷) On a cool，starry night in mid­September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in is now northwestern Wyoming. 2.(2024·浙江1月卷) If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that's they'll promote. 3.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is they need an English trainer. 4.(2022·浙江1月卷) Cobb, for her part, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak she could do so remotely. 1.解析　what　考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在宾语从句中作主语，应用what。 2．解析　 what　考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，表语从句中缺少宾语，且指事物，应用连接代词what。 3．解析　why　考查名词性从句。句意：他们还需要随时准备好接受国际记者的英文采访。这就是他们需要一个英语老师的原因。此处考查固定句型“This is why...”，所以空处需要填why。 4．解析　whether/if　考查名词性从句。句意：就科布而言，她开始询问邀请她演讲的会议组织者她是否可以远程演讲。分析句子结构可知，“she could do so remotely”为宾语从句，宾语从句句意不完整， whether/if “是否”符合语境。故填whether/if。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2024·北京西城区模拟)Some Qin bamboo texts were discovered in a tomb in Hubei Province that contained many rules regarding people were supposed to live and behave. 解析　how　考查宾语从句。介词 regarding后的部分是宾语从句，连接词在宾语从句中作方式状语，表示“如何，怎样”，故用how 引导从句。 2．(2024·金丽衢十二校二模) Ban Zhao was born in Anling, near is now modern Xianyang, Shaanxi Province. 解析　what　考查宾语从句。句意：班昭出生在安陵，在离现在的陕西省咸阳不远的地方。设空处引导near后的宾语从句，在从句作主语，意为“……的地方”，故填 what。 3．(2024·吉林二模) Unlike a knife and fork or one's own hands, a pair of chopsticks also implies the meaning of “Harmony is matters”． 解析　what　考查表语从句。句意：与刀叉和自己的双手不同，一双筷子也暗示了“和为贵”的含义。matters是表语从句，从句中缺少主语，意为“……的事情”，故填 what。 4．(2024·本溪一模) The fresh thin air, snow­covered mountains and graceful animals running on the plains are we're here—to observe Tibetan antelopes, which are being hunted, illegally, for their valuable fur. 解析　why　考查表语从句。 句意：清新稀薄的空气、白雪覆盖的山脉和在平原上奔跑的优雅的动物就是我们来到这里的原因——观察藏羚羊，它们被非法猎杀，以获取宝贵的皮毛。设空处引导表语从句，在从句中作原因状语，故填why。 5．(2024·南充二诊) we want to explore are the characteristics of Chinese civilization and its spirit transmitted through our blood, from which we can trace the cultural genes that make us the Chinese people. 解析　What　考查主语从句。句意：我们想要探索的是中华文明的特征和通过我们的血液传递的中华文明的精神，从中我们可以追踪到使我们成为中国人的文化基因。设空处引导主语从句，在从句中作explore的宾语，意为“……的事情”。设空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填What。 6．It makes no difference you go by bus or by bike, as long as you arrive on time. 解析　whether　考查主语从句。句意：只要你准时到达，无论你是坐公共汽车还是骑自行车都没区别。It为形式主语，设空处引导的从句为真正的主语。此处为whether...or...结构，意为“是……还是……”。故填 whether。 7． wants to see the film must buy a ticket first. Otherwise, you wouldn't get into the cinema. 解析　Whoever　考查主语从句。句意：无论谁想看这部电影都必须先买票。否则，你就进不了电影院。设空处引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，意为“无论谁，任何……的人”，应使用 whoever。设空处位于句首，首字母应大写。 8．You are saying that everyone has already had equal rights, and this is I disagree. 解析　where　考查表语从句。句意：你说每个人都有了平等的权利，这正是我不赞同的地方。设空处引导表语从句，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。 9．Although there seemed only a slim chance the trees could survive, the difficulty did not prevent her from trying. 解析　that　考查同位语从句。句意：虽然这些树存活的可能性似乎很小，但困难并没有阻止她去尝试。设空处引导同位语从句，解释说明 chance的具体内容，从句语义完整，不缺成分，故填 that。 10．One of the most unforgettable moments in her life was she was awarded the Nobel Prize in 2015. 解析　when　考查表语从句。句意：她一生中最难忘的时刻之一是2015年获得诺贝尔奖的时候。设空处引导表语从句，表示“……的时候”，故填 when。 Ⅱ.语法填空 (2024·唐山模拟)A skywell，or “tian jing” in Chinese, dating back to the Ming Dynasty, is a typical feature of a traditional home in southern and eastern China. It 1. (design) to allow in light, improve ventilation (通风), and harvest rainwater. Less 2. (expose) to the outdoor environment, a skywell is smaller and distinct from a northern courtyard. Despite the fact 3. a skywell's size and design vary from region to region, it is almost always rectangular (长方形) and located in the core of a house. It is either enclosed by rooms on four sides 4. three sides plus a wall. When wind blows above a skywell house, it can enter the indoor space through the opening. Because outdoor air is often cooler, the incoming wind travels down the walls to the lower stories 5. creates airflow by replacing 6. (warm) indoor air，which rises and leaves through the opening. Due to the 7. (revive) of traditional Chinese architecture, skywell buildings have been making a comeback. Architects are now looking towards the 8. (principle) behind skywells while designing new buildings 9. (save) energy. One example is the National Heavy Vehicle Engineering Technology Research Center in the eastern Chinese city of Jinan. A giant skywell is in the middle of the 18­storey glass­walled tower block, 10. (stretch) from the fifth to the top floor. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了天井建筑、其原理以及在现代建筑中的应用。 1．解析　is designed　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词；根据语境可知，此处陈述一般性事实，时态应用一般现在时；主语It与动词design为被动关系，应用被动语态；且主语为第三人称单数，be动词也应用第三人称单数形式。故填is designed。 2．解析　exposed　考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词，此处为非谓语动词；a skywell与动词expose构成逻辑上的动宾关系，此处应用过去分词作状语。故填exposed。 3．解析　that　考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词fact的同位语从句，应用that引导。故填that。 4．解析　or　考查连词。either...or...连接两个并列结构，表示两者之一。故填or。 5．解析　and　考查连词。此处表示由于室外空气通常更凉爽，进入的风沿着墙壁传播到较低的楼层，并通过取代室内温暖的空气来产生气流。前后动词travels和creates为并列关系，应用and连接。故填and。 6．解析　warmer　考查形容词的比较等级。此处表示由于室外空气通常更凉爽，进入的风沿着墙壁传播到较低的楼层，并通过取代室内温暖的空气来产生气流。根据语境可知，此处应用形容词的比较级形式，表示较温暖的空气，与上文中的“cooler”形成对比。故填warmer。 7．解析　revival　考查词性转换。根据空格前的the及空格后的of可知，空格处应填名词，表示“中国传统建筑的复兴”。revive的名词形式为revival。故填revival。 8．解析　principles　考查名词的数。此处表示如今，建筑师们在设计新建筑时，正着眼于天井背后的原理，以节约能源。principle为可数名词，此处应用其复数形式。故填principles。 9．解析　to save　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词；再结合语境可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to save。 10．解析　stretching　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词；A giant skywell与动词stretch构成逻辑上的主动关系，此处应用现在分词作伴随状语。故填stretching。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$