选择性必修第2册 Unit 6 The Media（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2026年高考英语一轮复习（北师大版）

主题语境：人与社会——传播媒体 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．There is much debate (辩论)nowadays as to what makes up a healthy diet.(人教选必二U3) 2．This smart technology is not a fantasy. Many of these new innovations are already available (可获得的) and being used in some homes.(人教选必一U2) 3．As an alternative (替代物), some farmers have switched to organic farming, and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery.(人教选必一U5) 4．Some films are now sponsored (赞助) by leading brands, so that only their products appear in the films, like the watches worn by the title character in the James Bond films.(译林选必二U1) 5．Beyond this, you can keep healthy by consuming different categories (类别) of fresh foods, especially fruit and vegetables, which are full of vitamins and fibre, rather than processed foods.(人教选必二U3) Ⅱ.语境运用 1．He received an award in acknowledgement (acknowledge) of his work. 2．Three of his novels have been adapted for TV and this is a screen adaptation．(adapt) 3．The artist painted a beautiful landscape with appropriate colors and hung it appropriately on the wall, which was highly thought of by the visitors.(appropriate) 4．Some tourist attractions in Beijing attract many foreigners to pay a visit because they are attractive．(attract) 5．We can't always combine work with pleasure, and the combination is hard to get.(combine) 6．We encouraged anyone to participate in the singing competition and the participant who wins will be given a gift as prize for the participation．(participate) Ⅲ.完成句子 1．我很高兴能受到留学生中心的邀请，给大家做一个关于如何在校园内外保护自己，避免损失的演讲。(疑问词＋动词不定式) I'm glad to be invited by the International Student Center to give you a talk on how to protect yourselves and avoid losses, both on and off campus. 2．我很高兴跟你一起去看电影。(too...to) I am only too glad to go to the movie with you． 3．他开车开得那么快，以至于把自己弄到一个危险的境地，他很可能会失去对汽车的控制。(where引导定语从句) He was driving so fast as to get himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose the control over the car． 4．我必须提醒大家，并非互联网上的一切都是正确的，我们应该学会识别错误的信息。(部分否定) I have to remind that not everything on the Internet is right and we should learn to identify the wrong information. [日积月累·联想发散] fire相关短语大观园 “旅行”名词家族 “演讲， 报道”词汇一览 ①make fire 生火 ②set...on fire 放火(焚烧)…… ③catch fire 着火(表示动作) ④be on fire 着火(表示状态) ⑤put out the fire 扑灭火 ⑥make/light/start a fire 点火；生火 ①voyage 航行；航海 ②tour (观光)旅行 ③travel 旅行 ④journey (长途)旅行 ⑤trip (短途)旅行；外出 ⑥outing 远足 ①report n．报告；报道 ②lecture n．& vi. 演讲；讲课 ③speech n．报告；演说 ④address vt. 演讲；致辞 ⑤deliver a speech 发表演讲 ⑥give a lecture 发表演讲 [核心单词] debate vi.&vt. (debated, debated, debating) 讨论，辩论 n．争论；讨论 (1)under debate 在讨论中 a heated debate一场激烈的争论 have/hold a debate举行辩论 public debate公开辩论 (2)debate with sb同某人辩论/讨论 debate on/over/about sth 辩论/讨论某事 (3)in debate 在辩论中 ①Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called (call) Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel's former national debating (debate) champion.(2023·浙江首考) ②A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate.(2023·浙江1月卷) ③The question of the origin of the universe is still hotly debated (debate)． ④现在讨论的问题之一是教育是否是个终身学习的过程。 One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifelong study. acknowledge vt. (acknowledged, acknowledged, acknowledging) 承认 acknowledge doing/having done sth 承认做了某事 acknowledge sb/sth to be/as... 承认某人/某事是…… acknowledge that...承认…… It is (universally) acknowledged that...大家公认…… ①It's univerally acknowledged (acknowledge), that success never comes out of thin air. ②He is widely acknowledged as the best player in the world. ③Peter acknowledged having passed/passing (pass) the driving test. ④我感谢我的英语老师，没有他我不可能在英语方面取得如此巨大的进步。(应用文之感谢信) I acknowledge my English teacher, without whom I couldn't have made such great progress in English. mixture n. 混合 (1)a mixture of...……的结合/混合 (2)mix...with/and...把……和……混合 mix with sb 与某人交往 mix up 混合；掺和；混淆 mix up sth with sth 混淆/弄混某物与某物 (3)be mixed up in 参与 ①Concrete is a mixture (mix) of sand and cement. ②Don't mix up the yellow and red leads, as this will cause the memory contents to be lost. ③Put a small amount of the powder into a container and mix with water. ④一种既内疚又高兴的情绪从我心底涌起。(读后续写之心理描写) A mixture of guilt and delight came from the bottom of my heart. consult (consulted, consulted, consulting) vt. 查阅；vi.&vt. 咨询；商议 consult sb咨询某人 consult with sb与某人商议 consult sb about sth 向某人咨询某事 consult with sb about/on... 就……与某人商量 ①Hearing that Li Meng wanted to consult him about something, Lucy stopped and asked him what it was. ②You shouldn't have done it without consulting (consult) me. ③So she contacted his consultant (consult) at once to consult with him about this. ④他选择去咨询牙医。 He chose to consult the dentist. alternative adj. 可以替代的；另外的 n．可供选择的事物 (1)have no alternative/choice but to do sth 只得做某事 there's no alternative but to do sth 别无选择只好做某事 an alternative to...……的替代品 (2)alternatively adv. 或者；作为另外选择(或可能) (3)alternative of 或者…… ①You have the alternative of riding or walking. ②Living far away from home in a strange place, the boy had no alternative but to learn (learn) to get accustomed to the new environment. ③Set the clock or timer and make sure that you turn off the computer when the time is up. Alternatively (alternative) create a shutdown timer on your desktop. ④用太阳能代替汽油。而且，我们可以乘公共汽车或骑自行车去上班。(应用文之倡议书) Solar energy is an alternative to petrol. Moreover, we can take the bus or alternatively go to work by bike. upload vi. & vt. (uploaded, uploaded, uploading) (使)上载，上传 n. 上载(上传)的信息 load vt. & vi. (loaded, loaded, loading) 装载；承载 n. 负载物；大量 (1)load...with...用……装载…… be loaded with 满载着 load...into/onto...把……装入/上…… (2)a full load 满负荷 a load of/loads of 许多，大量 take a load off one's mind 使某人如释重负 ①The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded (load) with memories. ②Now the middle school students are loaded with heavy homework. ③We got a load of complaints about the loud music. ④我假装快乐是为了减轻我母亲的思想负担。(读后续写之情感描写) I pretended to be happy in order to take a load off my mother's mind. appropriate adj. 恰当的；合适的 be appropriate to/for 适用于 It＋be appropriate (for sb) to do sth (某人)做某事是合适的 It＋be appropriate that sb (should) do 某人做……是合适的 ①Those who are dressed inappropriately (appropriate) will be refused permission (permit) to participate.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) ②It is not appropriate to ask (ask) such personal questions in an interview. ③It's necessary for you to dress appropriately (appropriate) at the ceremony. ④我们采纳他实用的建议是合适的。 It is appropriate for us to adopt his practical suggestion/that we (should) adopt his practical suggestion. witness vt. (witnessed, witnessed, witnessing) 亲身经历；目击 n. 目击者；证人 (1)witness to...证实，证明…… witness for为……作证 be witnessed by由……证明 (2)be a witness to是……的证据/证人 in witness of作为……的证据 ①From seeing the wildlife to witnessing (witness) sunrises, the whole experience was amazing (amaze)．(2022·全国甲卷) ②His good health is a witness to the success of the treatment. ③During the past three decades, China has witnessed (witness)the railway industry's transformation from making slow trains to making domestically manufactured high­speed trains.(2024·辽宁沈阳模拟) ④The man admitted witnessing/having witnessed (witness) the accident. ⑤此外，还播放了关于三年生活的视频，这些视频见证了我们成长的整个过程。 What's more, videos about the three years' life, which witnessed the whole process of our growth, were played. profit n. 利润，收益，盈利 v. (profited, profited, profiting) 获益；对……有用(或有益) (1)for profit 为了获利 sell sth at a profit 出售某物而获利 (2)profit by/from 从……中获利/获益 (3)profitable adj. 有利可图的；有益的 ①We should be able to sell the house at a profit. ②The agency is voluntary and not run for profit. ③It is usually more profitable (profit) to sell direct to the public. ④你可以吸取其他人的经验教训。 You may profit by/from the experience of others. freedom n．自由 free up 　使解脱出来；免(税)的 free and easy 随便；轻松；自由自在 免费 ①She gives me the freedom (free) to make mistakes and to learn from them all.(2021·全国乙卷) ②Women have gained the freedom to decide whether to marry or not, and they are also free to choose their jobs at present.(free) ③保持环境干净和无污染是健康生活的关键步骤。(话题写作之环境保护) Keeping the environment clean and free of pollution is the key step to make life healthy. ④骑摩托车给我一种完全自由的感觉。 Riding a motorbike gives me a feeling of complete freedom． combine vi.&vt. (combined, combined, combining) (使)结合，(使)组合 (1)combine A and/with B把A和B结合起来 combine to do sth联合起来做某事 be combined with与……相结合 join/combine forces (with sb) (同某人)联合；(与某人)合作 (2)a combination of A and B A与B的结合体 ①With the right combination (combine) of animals and plants，he figured，maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) ②The menu in this beautiful colonial house includes traditional Thai cuisine combined with modern cooking methods.(2023·全国甲卷) ③The study of traditions should be combined (combine) with practice. ④工作和乐趣很难融合在一起。 It's hard to combine work with pleasure. link vt. (linked, linked, linking) 把……联系起来 n．联系，关联 link up 联合，连接；使结合 link up with与……联合/汇合/碰头 link...with/to...将……和……联系或连接起来 be linked to/with与……有关 link...and... 把……和……连接 ①People often link their memory of what they've read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) ②When a predator always eats huge numbers of a single prey, the two species are strongly linked (link)． ③There is a direct link between diet and heart disease. ④学会把你的知识与经验结合起来，你一定会成功的。(应用文之建议信) Learn to linke your knowledge with/and experience, and you are sure to succeed. purchase vt. (purchased, purchased, purchasing) 购买 n. 购买(物) purchase sth for sb 为某人买某物 purchase sth for＋money 买某物花多少钱；以……的价格购买某物 purchase sth from 从……购买某物 the purchase of ……的采购 make two purchases 购买两样东西 purchase price 买价 ①He gave his son some money for the purchase of his school books. ②He has purchased some snacks from the shop for his daughter who will go back home soon. ③It was broadcast on the TV that the national company had been purchased for $10，000 by an international firm. ④她将在她儿子毕业后给他买一台新电脑。 She will purchase a new computer for her son after he graduates. frightening adj. 令人害怕的，吓人的 (1)frighten...away 把……吓跑 frighten sb into/out of (doing) sth 恐吓某人(做/不做)某事 (2)be frightened of害怕…… be frightened to do害怕做…… be frightened that害怕…… ①Don't be frightened to complain (complain) if the service is bad. ②The government is convinced that the bombers want to frighten away the foreign investors. ③That was why I was so frightened (frighten) at that time. ④作为猎物，鹦鹉经常因接触新的家居用品或陌生人而受到惊吓。(2024·九省联考) As prey animals, parrots are often frightened by exposure to new household items or strangers. ⑤当我看到一头可怕的熊张着血盆大口，我害怕得要命。我吓得站在那里，头发都竖起来了。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写) When I saw a frightening bear opening its bloody mouth，I was frightened to death. I was frightened into standing there，with my hair standing on end. 词形转换 用所给词的正确形式填空，注意特殊词形变化 1．(2025·八省联考)The (participate) who exercised four hours after taking the computer test were able to recall what they had learned most accurately. 解析　participants　根据句意和句子结构可知，应填名词“参与者”，由空后的“they”可知，应用复数形式。故填participants。 2．(2025·八省联考)The (commerce), business, and residential elements of a city should not be separated out but instead be side by side, to allow for greater integration of people. 解析　commercial　设空处与business和residential并列，作elements的定语。 3．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the (vision) geography of distinct pages. 解析　visual　根据句子结构可知，应填形容词visual “视觉的”。 4．We all assumed there would be one in the flat when we moved in, because that's what we read from the (advertise) in the newspaper. 解析　advertisement　根据句意“……从报纸上读到的广告”可知，故填advertisement。 5．The (complicate) issue is that a vital document is missing. 解析　complicated　设空处在句子中作定语，修饰issue，故填complicated。 6．She pronounced the word very slowly and (precise)． 解析　precisely　设空处与slowly一起作状语，修饰谓语，故填precisely。 动词的形式变化和固定用法 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式(注意不规则动词的形式变化) 1．Whether pollution (link) to the disease is under debate. 解析　is linked　考查时态和语态。句意：污染是否与这种疾病有关联尚在讨论中。设空处在主语从句中作谓语， be linked with/to “与……有联系”。 2．He (acknowledge) that the accident was owing to his negligence. 解析　acknowledged　分析句子可知，该空处在句中作谓语，根据that从句后的时态并结合句意可知，该句要用acknowledged。 3．Do you think the film (adapt) was faithful to the classic book? 解析　adaptation　设空处在句中作主语，film adaptation 意为“电影改编本”，故填adaptation。 4．Fire danger (rate) system has already been an available tool for modern forest fire management. 解析　rating　句意：火灾危险性分级系统已经成为现代森林火灾管理的有效工具。设空处在句中作定语，修饰system，故填rating。 5．In recent years, an English word “infosphere” has appeared, (combine) the sense of “information” and “atmosphere”． 解析　combining　设空处在句子中作状语，与句子的主语是主动关系，故填combining。 6．My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend. On the way, we spotted a man (hold) a piece of paper. 解析　holding　此处考查spot sb doing sth “看到某人正在做某事”，故填holding。 熟词生义 写出黑体词的汉语意思 1．She interpreted his silence as arrogance(傲慢)．把……理解为 2．Protesters found a novel way of demonstrating against steeply rising oil prices.新颖的 3．Food webs may be dominated by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term.环节 4．I gratefully acknowledge financial support from several local businesses.感谢 5．It has been found out that the bill was sponsored by a Labour MP.提交 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[短语和句型] leave out 遗漏，省去；忽视，冷落 leave...behind 把……留在后面；把……抛在后面 leave for动身去 leave alone不管；不打扰 把某物给某人 ①Students are easy to leave out one or two vital words of this sentence. ②It's still uncertain when we will leave for Wuhan. ③Sarah hoped he'd take the hint and leave her alone． ④在最后一圈，我被抛在了后面，但我没有灰心，继续向终点跑去。(读后续写之动作描写) On the final lap, I was left behind, but I didn't lose heart, keeping running to the finish line. have an impact on 对……有影响 have an effect/influence on 对……有影响 make a difference to 对……有影响 have side/ill effects on 对……有副作用 ①Activities there range from whale watching to hiking and accommodations aim to have a low impact on the natural environment.(2021·全国乙卷) ②Hannah is one of many examples of young educators who are making a difference to the world. ③The medicine has some side effects on me. ④我深爱我的妈妈，她的言行对我有着积极的影响。 I feel much affection for my mum, whose words and actions have a positive effect/influence/impact on/upon me． be close to 靠近；接近；即将…… (1)be close to death 　濒临死亡 be close to nature 靠近大自然 get/come close to 靠近；接近 (2)close up 闭合 ①Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground.(2023·浙江1月卷) ②Already well over 400 of the total of 6800 languages are close to extinction (extinct), with only a few elderly speakers left. ③The wound in his arm has begun to close up． ④一切都被黑暗吞没了，玛丽又担心又害怕，几乎要哭了。(读后续写之心理描写) With everything swallowed by the darkness，Mary was close to crying with anxiety and fear. in competition with 与……竞争 (1)hold a competition 　举行竞赛/争 (2)compete with 与……竞争 compete for 为……竞争 compete in 参加……比赛 ①They were in competition with each other for the host city. ②With a workout partner，you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition (compete)．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) ③Several companies are competing for the contract. ④人生就像一场漫长的竞赛，我们与别人竞争，以超越自己。(读后续写之主旨升华) Life is like a long competitive race in which we compete with/against others to go beyond ourselves. 独立主格结构 (教材原句)All things considered, though, it must be one of the most beautiful and splendid films ever made.不过，从各方面来看，这部电影一定是有史以来最美、最精彩的电影之一。 独立主格结构的常用形式： 逻辑主语 ①Bats are surprisingly long­lived creatures, some having (have) a lifespan of around 20 years. ②His mind focused (focus) on his work, he didn't notice my appearance. ③她紧紧地抱住贴心的双胞胎，双眸满是泪水。(读后续写之动作＋情感描写) She hugged the caring twins tightly, her eyes flooded with/full of tears．(独立主格) ④听到他们的计划，伯纳德高兴得跳了起来，幸福和感激的泪水涌上双眼。(读后续写之动作＋情感描写) Hearing their plan, Bernard jumped for joy, tears of happiness and gratitude welling up in his eyes． It's time for sth 到……的时间了。 (教材原句)And now it's time for Ask the Expert. 现在是《询问专家》时间了。 (1)“It's time for...”是常用句型，意为“到……的时间了”。 (2)It's (high/about) time (for sb) to do...意为“到(某人)做……的时间了”。 It's (high/about) time＋that从句，意为“是……时候了”。 从句用一般过去时或should do形式，should不能省略。 ①Before I knew it, an hour had passed and it was time to move (move) on to lunch. ②It was time for her to have (have) a new baby, and it was also time for the young panda to be independent. ③It's about time that we had/should have (have) a rest. ④我们该上课了。 a．It's time for us to have class. b．It's high/about time for us to have class. c．It's (high/about) time that we had/should have class. as＋adj./adv.＋as 结构 (教材原句)In fact, in the world of advertisements, such content is as old as advertising itself. 事实上，在广告界，这些概念和广告业一样历史悠久。 (1)as...as“像……一样”，第一个as为副词，修饰形容词或副词原级。第二个as可以是连词，引导比较状语从句；也可以是介词，后加名词或代词。 (2)若涉及数量和程度，可用“as much＋不可数名词＋as”和“as many＋可数名词复数＋as”。 此外还有“as＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数”和“as＋adj.＋可数名词复数”结构。 (3)as...as possible/sb can尽可能地…… ①I do hope I can live as healthy and rich a life as others do. ②Your pen writes as smoothly (smooth) as mine. ③I have as good a voice as you. ④虽然困难重重，没有什么比通过挑战自己所获得的成就感更有价值了。(读后续写之主旨升华) Hard though it is, there is nothing as valuable as the sense of achievement you get from challenging yourself. ⑤在业余时间读尽可能多的书，不知不觉间你将会提高自己。(应用文之建议信) Read as many books as you can in your spare time, and you will improve yourself before you know it. 固定搭配和句式 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 1．(2024·河南南阳联考)Applicants should submit a letter stating why they would be suitable the post, together with a CV, and the application form, by email. 解析　for　考查固定结构。be suitable for “适合……”。 2．What attracted me most the job was the chance to travel abroad. 解析　to　根据句意“这份工作最吸引我的是有机会出国旅游”可知，应填to。 3．The firm is working on a new product in combination several overseas partners. 解析　with　考查固定结构。in combination with “与……结合/合作”。 4．The ancient church, (consist) of about 100 rooms, is a must­see in the city. 解析　consisting　设空在句中作定语。consist of “由……组成”，无被动语态和进行时态，作定语或状语只用现在分词形式，故填consisting。 5．Not only I but also my friend (gain) valuable experience and skills through participating in this volunteer program.(应用文之活动介绍) 解析　has gained　考查主谓一致。not only... but also连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词数的确定采用就近原则，故填has gained。 6．Some students firmly believe that studying overseas enables them to be independent, and they will try their best to adapt a new life. 解析　to　考查固定结构。 adapt to “适应”。 短语填空 on condition that; prefer to; for the purpose of; consist of; adapt to; link to; participate in; over the last decade; separate from 1．He went to South America, for the purpose of seeing Amazon River. 2．I'd appreciate it if you could give me some advice on how to adapt to my new surroundings. 3．Over the last decade, we have made rapid progress in developing our country. 4．There is convincing evidence that skin cancer is linked to exposure to the sun. 5．Are you anxious and restless if you are separated from your mobile phone? 6．All the athletes from all over the world are glad to participate in the grand game. 7．Most people are familiar with the idea that all matters consist of atoms. 8．They agreed to lend us the car on condition that we returned it before the weekend. 9．He preferred to go into business alone rather than team up with anyone else. 微写作 根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇 When seeing the advertisement saying that there would be an adventure in an old castle, I could hardly wait to 1.participate in (参加) it. The other day, I saw a poster about a film 2.adapted from (由……改编) a classic novel, which showed the all­star cast and its 3.technical breakthrough (技术突破). However, it was categorized into the worst version. It got an extremely low rating from critics. Hence, we should not totally believe what 4.advertisements convey to us (广告传递给我们的). To attract more people to purchase its products or service and 5.make more profits (获取更多利润), corporations will overstate the beneficial parts of its products. 应用文写作运用——博文(网络安全) 用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作再背诵。 请你就社交网络app发表自己的看法或观点，并发表在你校网站上。内容包括：1.社交网络的两面性；2.给出你的建议。 第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球 1．社交网络应用非常方便，因而我们倾向于通过它们来了解他人的最新消息。 (普通表达)Social networking apps are so convenient that we tend to keep track of others' updates through them. (满分表达)So convenient are social networking apps that we tend to keep track of others' updates through them. (倒装句) 2．除非以安全的方式使用，否则它们会给我们带来危险而非恰当的信息。 (普通表达)Unless they are used in a safe way, they can bring us risks rather than appropriate information. (状语从句) (满分表达)Unless used in a safe way, they can bring us risks rather than appropriate information.(省略句) 3．在使用微博分享信息时，请记住以下建议。 Keep in mind the following tips when using your microblogging.(省略句) 4．避免泄露任何私人信息，以防身份盗窃。 Avoid giving away any private information in case of identity theft. 5．注意那些会发布你行踪的移动社交网络应用程序。 Be aware of those mobile social networking apps that post your movements. (定语从句) 6．不要和你不熟悉的人聊天。 Do not chat with those who you are not familiar with. 7．如果你有任何建议，请随时发表意见。 If you have any suggestions, feel free to make a comment. 第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目(恰当运用过渡衔接词汇，如however, finally等) One possible version： Safety in Social Networking Apps So convenient are social networking apps that we tend to keep track of others' updates through them. However, unless used in a safe way, they can bring us risks rather than appropriate information. Keep in mind the following tips when using your microblogging. Firstly, avoid giving away any private information in case of identity theft. Plus, be aware of those mobile social networking apps that post your movements. Finally, do not chat with those who you are not familiar with. If you have any suggestions, feel free to make a comment. 续写能力提升 [教材续写语料] 情感描写 动作描写 环境描写 anticipate vt.预期；预料 expectation n．期待，希望；指望 acknowledge vt.承认，接受；感谢 witness vt.亲身经历；见证 attract vt.吸引，招引 trap vt.使陷入困境 locate vt.找到，探明，确定……的位置 castle n．城堡 splendid adj.壮观的；极好的 frightening adj.可怕的 [续写语料运用] 请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。 　　我和哥哥悄悄地溜进森林，希望能找到那座宏伟的城堡。我们花了很长时间才找到它。天越来越黑，我们被困在城堡里了。这太可怕了，我们的牙齿不由自主地打颤！我们不知道该期待些什么！我不得不承认，我害怕得要命，唯恐可怕的事情会出乎意料地发生。 　　My brother and I slipped into the forest with the hope of 1.locating the splendid castle．It took us a long time to find it.It was getting darker and darker and we 2.were trapped in the castle．It was 3.so frightening that our teeth chattered uncontrollably！We didn't know 4.what to anticipate！I had to 5.acknowledge that I was scared to death for fear that something terrible would happen 6.beyond expectation. A级　阅读提升练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·湖南长沙开学考试)In some parts of the world people are likely to plan for the future, while in others people are more likely to live in the moment. In some societies people prefer more personal space; in others they are comfortable being in close quarters in public. There are a number of theories about where cultural differences between societies come from. In a growing number of cases, researchers have found that human culture can be shaped by key features of the environments in which people live. Ecology includes basic physical and social characteristics of the environment—such factors as how rich a place is in resources, how common infectious (传染性的) diseases are, how heavily populated a place is, and how much threat there is to human safety. Variables like temperature and the availability of water can be key ecological features. For over 200 societies, our lab at Arizona State University gathered comprehensive data on nine key features of ecology—such as rainfall, temperature, infectious disease and natural resources—and dozens of aspects of human cultural variation—including values, strength of social norms (社会规范), personality, motivation and institutional characteristics. With this information, we created the EcoCultural Dataset. Using this dataset, we were able to generate a range of estimates for just how much of human cultural variation can explained by ecology. We ran a series of statistical models looking at the relationship between our ecological variables and each of the 66 cultural outcomes we tracked. For each of the cultural outcomes, we calculated the average amount of the cultural diversity across societies that was explained by this combination of nine different ecological factors. We found that nearly 20% of cultural variation was explained by the combination of these ecological features. Importantly, our statistical estimates take into account common issues in cross­cultural research. There will likely be unmeasured similarities between societies with shared historical roots and traditions. Ecology isn't the only reason people around the world think and behave differently. But our work suggests that, at least in part, our environments shape our cultures. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了生态文化数据集表明了环境塑造了我们的文化。 1．Which best explains why people are comfortable being in close quarters in public? A．They are friendly to each other. B．They like staying in public places. C．They enjoy spending time with others. D．They live in a place with cold temperatures. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第三段“Variables like temperature and the availability of water can be key ecological features.(温度和水的可用性等变量可能是关键的生态特征。)”以及最后一段“But our work suggests that, at least in part, our environments shape our cultures.(但我们的研究表明，至少在某种程度上，我们的环境塑造了我们的文化。)”可知，生活在一个温度很低的地方最能解释为什么人们在公共场合会觉得近距离接触很舒服。故选D。 2．What do we know about the EcoCultural Dataset? A．It's a combination of humans and nature. B．It's a combination of ecology and culture. C．It's a comparison between theory and practice. D．It's a comparison between ecology and culture. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据第四段“For over 200 societies, our lab at Arizona State University gathered comprehensive data on nine key features of ecology—such as rainfall, temperature, infectious disease and natural resources—and dozens of aspects of human cultural variation—including values, strength of social norms (社会规范), personality, motivation and institutional characteristics. With this information, we created the EcoCultural Dataset.(我们在亚利桑那州立大学的实验室收集了200多个社会的综合数据，涉及生态的九个关键特征——如降雨、温度、传染病和自然资源——以及人类文化差异的几十个方面——包括价值观、社会规范的强度、个性、动机和制度特征。有了这些信息，我们创建了生态文化数据集。)”可知，生态文化数据集是生态和文化的结合。故选B。 3．What did the author's lab want to find out? A．Where cultural differences come from. B．Whether ecological features affect culture. C．How strong the ecology­culture connection is. D．Why cultural differences between societies exist. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第五段“Using this dataset, we were able to generate a range of estimates for just how much of human cultural variation can explained by ecology.(利用这个数据集，我们能够对人类文化差异有多少可以用生态学来解释产生一系列的估计。)”可知，作者的实验室想知道生态与文化的联系有多强。故选C。 4．What is the conclusion of the author's study? A．Shared traditions lead to cultural similarities. B．There are cultural differences between societies. C．Cultures are shaped by the environments people live in. D．Cultural differences partly come from ecological factors. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ecology isn't the only reason people around the world think and behave differently. But our work suggests that, at least in part, our environments shape our cultures.(生态并不是世界各地人们思维和行为不同的唯一原因。但我们的研究表明，至少在某种程度上，我们的环境塑造了我们的文化。)”可知，作者的研究结论是文化差异部分来自生态因素。故选D。 B (2025·重庆开学考试)A Hollywood­quality movie may soon be only a few text prompts (提词) away. OpenAI last week revealed its latest, world­shocking technology: a text­to­video app called Sora that can produce photorealistic short videos lasting up to a minute. The company hasn't released Sora to the public yet, but the artificially generated videos it created for its demonstration were stunning. In one, the detailed prompt involves people walking through Tokyo while cherry blossoms are flying through the wind. The resulting video was a mind­blowing exercise in world­building, showing a couple walking in a detailed streets cape that is unmistakably Tokyo. Perhaps even more awe­inspiring is that Sora does not merely produce videos that fulfill the demands of the prompts. It improvises (即兴创作) in a way that suggests a talent for storytelling. “Good heavens，” said Loz Blain in New Atlas. “We'd better try to deal with the speed at which this technology is advancing. The wheel, the steam engine, the airplane, the computer, the Internet... None of them ever sped up like this. If you look closely, you can tell that these very short videos aren't real. But it's impossible to say whether this technology is nearly as good as it's going to get Videos made a year ago, using the AI tool Mid journey, couldn't even display the correct number of fingers on a hand. But Sora now creates a world as you describe. Get ready for the next wave of ‘AI disruption (颠覆)’ as Sora shakes the entertainment industry.” Yet costs are increasing, too. Estimates of the cost of building out AI systems have varied from hundreds of billions to 7 trillion dollars over the coming years. Where's the money going to come from? With OpenAI's current valuation approaching $100 billion, traditional investors are largely priced out. Governments may be one possible solution, but many are likely to have national security concerns about backing this technology. Such concerns are well founded. It's simply impossible to know how these systems will be misused until they're out in the wild. While OpenAI has the ability to prevent violent pictures, disinformation is much harder to police. Faked videos could sow confusion and chaos. At the very least, OpenAI should wait until after November to bring Sora to the public. [语篇解读]　本文是新闻报道。文章详细报道了OpenAI公司最新发布的一项技术——Sora文本转视频应用程序，并对其可能带来的影响进行了深入分析和讨论。 5．Why does the author mention the resulting video in paragraph 2? A．To show Sora has a better gift for writing stories. B．To show Sora has the potential to create great videos. C．To show the video is as good as a Hollywood­quality one. D．To show the video is a stunning result of human wisdom. 解析　B　推理判断题。根据第二段“The company hasn't released Sora to the public yet, but the artificially generated videos it created for its demonstration were stunning. In one, the detailed prompt involves people walking through Tokyo while cherry blossoms are flying through the wind. The resulting video was a mind­blowing exercise in world­building, showing a couple walking in a detailed streets cape that is unmistakably Tokyo. Perhaps even more awe­inspiring is that Sora does not merely produce videos that fulfill the demands of the prompts. It improvises (即兴创作) in a way that suggests a talent for storytelling. (那个公司尚未向公众发布Sora，但该公司为演示而制作的人工生成视频却令人惊叹。在其中一段视频中，详细的提示涉及人们在东京漫步，而樱花在风中飞舞。最终生成的视频展现了一个令人惊叹的世界构建练习，视频中一对情侣走在一个细节丰富的街道上，那无疑是东京。更令人惊叹的是，Sora不仅仅产生符合提示需求的视频。它以即兴创作的方式展现了讲故事的才能。)”可知，本段提到制作的视频是为了证明Sora有潜力创造出很棒的视频。故选B。 6．What is Loz Blain's attitude towards the future of Sora? A．Dismissive. B．Unclear. C．Optimistic. D．Objective. 解析　C　观点态度题。根据第三段“‘Good heavens，’ said Loz Blain in New Atlas. ‘We'd better try to deal with the speed at which this technology is advancing. The wheel, the steam engine, the airplane, the computer, the Internet... None of them ever sped up like this. If you look closely, you can tell that these very short videos aren't real. But it's impossible to say whether this technology is nearly as good as it's going to get Videos made a year ago, using the AI tool Mid journey, couldn't even display the correct number of fingers on a hand. But Sora now creates a world as you describe. Get ready for the next wave of ‘AI disruption (颠覆)’ as Sora shakes the entertainment industry.’ (‘天哪，’Loz Blain在《新亚特兰蒂斯》杂志上说道，‘我们最好试着跟上这项技术发展的速度。轮子、蒸汽机、飞机、计算机、互联网……它们的发展速度都没有这么快。如果你仔细观察，你会发现这些非常短的视频并不是真实的。但很难说这项技术是否已经达到了它的最佳状态。一年前，使用AI工具Mid journey制作的视频甚至无法正确显示手上的手指数量。但现在，Sora可以根据你的描述创造一个世界。随着Sora颠覆娱乐业，准备好迎接下一波‘AI颠覆’吧。’)”可知，Loz Blain对Sora的未来发展持乐观态度，认为我们应该为下一波“人工智能颠覆”做好准备，因为Sora将会震撼娱乐业。故选C。 7．What can be inferred about the technology from the last two paragraphs? A．It is bound to cause confusion and chaos. B．Traditional investment in it is a possible option. C．Governments are doubtful about its development. D．Possible problems related to its use remain to be seen. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Governments may be one possible solution, but many are likely to have national security concerns about backing this technology. (政府可能是一个可行的解决方案，但许多政府可能会担心支持这项技术会对国家安全产生影响。)”以及最后一段“Such concerns are well founded. It's simply impossible to know how these systems will be misused until they're out in the wild. While OpenAI has the ability to prevent violent pictures, disinformation is much harder to police. Faked videos could sow confusion and chaos. At the very least, OpenAI should wait until after November to bring Sora to the public. (这些担忧是有根据的。在这些系统被投入实际应用之前，我们根本无法知道它们会如何被滥用。虽然OpenAI有能力防止暴力图片的出现，但虚假信息却更难监管。伪造的视频可能会引发混乱。至少，OpenAI应该等到11月之后再向公众推出Sora。)”可知，人们无法知道这些系统如何被滥用，直到它们被广泛使用。虽然OpenAI有能力阻止暴力图片，但虚假信息更难监管，伪造的视频可能会引起混乱。因此，可以推断出与该技术使用相关的可能问题还有待观察。故选D。 8．What is the purpose of the text? A．To introduce Sora as a rising star of video­making. B．To criticize Sora's troublesome effects on public safety. C．To advertise Sora as an admirable genius at storytelling. D．To popularize Sora's potential as promoter of film industry. 解析　A　推理判断题。根据第一段“A Hollywood­quality movie may soon be only a few text prompts (提词) away. OpenAI last week revealed its latest, world­shocking technology: a text­to­video app called Sora that can produce photorealistic short videos lasting up to a minute. (一部好莱坞质量的电影可能很快就能通过几个文字提示完成制作。OpenAI上周公布了其最新、震惊世界的技术：一个名为Sora的文本转视频应用程序，可以制作出长达一分钟的逼真短片。)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一款名为Sora的文本转视频应用程序，该程序可以制作逼真的短片，展示了其在视频制作领域的潜力和优势。因此，文章的目的是介绍Sora作为视频制作的新星。故选A。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2024·北京朝阳期末)If you are asked to describe your relationship with your phone, what would you say? 1 For those of us who use digital technology with regularity, we will unavoidably think we have overdone it. But are we really addicted to our screens? For the vast majority of users, the answer is no because there's no formal set of criteria for digital addiction. 2 This test was given to around 800 people, using criteria previously adopted in many other studies. The team found that 69% of the participants could be diagnosed with an addiction to spending time with their friends. 3 Instead, the team was showing how easy it is to create what appears to be a data­driven measure of an addictive behavior, which actually is a normal part of everyday life. The idea of being addicted to offline friendships is ridiculous, but that is what is happening in the digital technology research literature. We are stuck with researchers combining people's enjoyment of an activity with the idea that it has the potential to become addictive. 4 It is true that we can develop bad relationships with the technology we use, but an emerging line of research says we need to view our relationships with digital technology in terms of habits, not in terms of problematic use. 5 Whether they have positive or negative effects on our well­being depends not just on the type of habit, but on the context in which it occurs, how frequently it occurs and what other factors might be contributing to it. Thinking about our technology use in terms of habit offers us a much wider range of options. Rather than getting rid of technology altogether, we can seek our digital experience that promote positive effects while minimizing negative impacts. A．Many of us are likely to develop bad habits. B．Habits, like checking our phones, are neutral. C．For many, the word “addicted” would spring to mind. D．This leads ultimately to the belief that the activity is naturally bad. E．Obviously, the aim wasn't to fuel a new moral panic about socializing. F．A recent study has revealed evidence that shows positive effects of digital use. G．Back in 2020, a team used standard techniques to do an offline­friend addiction questionnaire. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了我们与手机等数字技术的关系。 1．解析　C　根据上文“If you are asked to describe your relationship with your phone, what would you say？(如果让你描述一下你和手机的关系，你会怎么说？)”和下文“For those of us who use digital technology with regularity, we will unavoidably think we have overdone it.(对于我们这些经常使用数字技术的人来说，我们不可避免地会认为我们过度使用了。)”可知，对于上文问题的回答应该是上瘾，C项中的“addicted”和下文中的“overdone”对应。C项：For many, the word “addicted” would spring to mind.(对许多人来说，“上瘾”这个词会跃入脑海)符合语境。故选C。 2．解析　G　根据上文“But are we really addicted to our screens? For the vast majority of users, the answer is no because there's no formal set of criteria for digital addiction.(但我们真的对屏幕上瘾了吗？对于绝大多数用户来说，答案是否定的，因为目前还没有关于数字成瘾的正式标准。)”和下文“This test was given to around 800 people, using criteria previously adopted in many other studies.(这项测试对大约800人进行了测试，使用了许多其他研究中采用的标准。)”可知，空处提到了一项测试，解释说明上文提出的观点。G项：Back in 2020, a team used standard techniques to do an offline­friend addiction questionnaire.(早在2020年，一个团队就使用标准技术做了一份离线朋友成瘾调查问卷)符合语境。故选G。 3．解析　E　根据上文“The team found that 69% of the participants could be diagnosed with an addiction to spending time with their friends.(研究小组发现，69%的参与者可能被诊断为与朋友共度时光成瘾。)”可知，研究团队发现69%的参与者可以被诊断为过度沉迷于与朋友相处的时间，但这里并不是要引发对社交的新的道德恐慌。E项：Obviously, the aim wasn't to fuel a new moral panic about socializing.(很明显，这样做的目的并不是要在社交方面引发新的道德恐慌)正好解释了这一点，它表明这项研究的真正目的并不是要制造恐慌，而是有其他更深的含义或目的，符合语境。故选E。 4．解析　D　根据上文“We are stuck with researchers combining people's enjoyment of an activity with the idea that it has the potential to become addictive.(研究人员将人们对一项活动的享受与它有可能上瘾的想法结合起来，这让我们陷入了困境。)”可知，上文提到研究人员提出的一项活动的享受与它有可能上瘾的想法，对于我们的认知产生了不好的影响，空处承接上文，指出后果。D项：This leads ultimately to the belief that the activity is naturally bad.(这最终导致人们相信这种活动自然是不好的)符合语境。故选D。 5．解析　B　根据上文“It is true that we can develop bad relationships with the technology we use, but an emerging line of research says we need to view our relationships with digital technology in terms of habits, not in terms of problematic use.(的确，我们可以与我们所使用的技术建立不好的关系，但一项新的研究表明，我们需要从习惯的角度来看待我们与数字技术的关系，而不是从有问题的使用角度。)”和下文“Whether they have positive or negative effects on our well­being depends not just on the type of habit, but on the context in which it occurs, how frequently it occurs and what other factors might be contributing to it.(它们对我们的幸福感有积极还是消极的影响，这不仅取决于习惯的类型，还取决于它发生的背景，发生的频率以及其他可能导致它的因素。)”可知，上文提到我们应该从习惯而不是从问题使用的角度来看待我们与数字技术的关系。下文进一步解释了习惯对我们福祉的影响取决于多种因素。B项：Habits, like checking our phones, are neutral.(像看手机这样的习惯是中性的)强调了习惯的中立性，并引出了后文对习惯影响的详细讨论，符合语境。故选B。 Ⅲ.完形填空 (2025·河北沧州质量监测)Going into my Ph.D. program, I loved to communicate science to the public. But 1 consumed most of my time. I often worked past nightfall, and my weekends were 2 absorbed by preparing experiments, gathering data, or catching up on the seemingly 3 scientific papers. I desperately needed a 4 ， so I jumped at an opportunity to spend a weekend with friends. When they talked about the latest books they'd 5 ， I only recalled every detail of the papers piling up in the lab, yet I couldn't 6 the last book I had read for fun. So I found myself mostly talking about my research. As I struggled to 7 its broader association in life, I noticed the enthusiasm in my voice faded. “Is my Ph.D. 8 my love for science？” I thought. I decided to read for fun. My brother recommended a science fiction book. I was soon 9 by the scientifically plausible (可信的) technologies in it. It was 10 to think about science in a new way. I began to love it. Later, I was 11 to give a talk about the science behind science fiction. When the day came to 12 ， I felt nervous. But after I finished, I was surrounded by some 13 audience. It suddenly occurred to me that this was my 14 back to science communication. Since then, I have given 20 talks, exploring 15 like genetic (基因的) engineering, and brain­machine interfaces. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位博士生在科研工作压力下，通过阅读科幻小说重新找回了对科学的热情，并最终回到了科学传播的道路上的故事。 1．A.housework B．reading C．research D．volunteering 解析　C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：但研究占据了我大部分时间。A.housework家务；B.reading阅读；C.research研究；D.volunteering志愿活动。根据下文“I often worked past nightfall, and my weekends were 2 absorbed by preparing experiments, gathering data, or catching up on the seemingly endless scientific papers.”可知作者经常工作到深夜，周末也大多被准备实验、收集数据或追赶似乎无止境的科学论文所占据，可推理出作者的时间被研究工作所占据，故选C。 2．A.initially B．particularly C．largely D．randomly 解析　C　考查副词词义辨析。句意：我经常工作到深夜，周末也大多被准备实验、收集数据或追赶似乎无止境的科学论文所占据。A.initially最初；B.particularly特别；C.largely主要地；D.randomly随机地。根据上文“I often worked past nightfall”以及下文“absorbed by preparing experiments, gathering data, or catching up on the seemingly endless scientific papers”可知，作者周末时间要用于被准备实验、收集数据或追赶似乎无止境的科学论文所占据，可推理出此处说的是作者的周末主要是被这些活动所占据，故选C。 3．A.abstract B．endless C．valueless D．reasonable 解析　B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.abstract抽象的；B.endless无尽的；C.valueless无价值的；D.reasonable合理的。根据上文“catching up on the seemingly”以及下文“so I jumped at an opportunity to spend a weekend with friends”可知，作者经常工作到深夜，周末也大多被准备实验、收集数据所占用，下文说到了作者抓住机会与朋友共度周末，可推理出作者觉得这些科学论文似乎是无止境的，故选B。 4．A.chance B．rest C．suggestion D．challenge 解析　B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我急需休息，所以我抓住机会和朋友们度过了一个周末。A.chance机会；B.rest休息；C.suggestion建议；D.challenge挑战。根据下文“so I jumped at an opportunity to spend a weekend with friends”可知，作者抓住机会与朋友共度周末，可推理出作者需要的是休息，故选B。 5．A.written B．checked C．exchanged D．consumed 解析　D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们谈论最近读过的书时，我只能回忆起实验室里堆积如山的论文的每一个细节，但我却记不起上次为了乐趣而读书是什么时候了。A.written写；B.checked检查；C.exchanged交换；D.consumed消费，消耗。根据下文“I only recalled every detail of the papers piling up in the lab, yet I couldn't 6 the last book I had read for fun”可知作者只能回忆起实验室里堆积如山的论文的每一个细节，可推理出朋友们谈论的是他们最近读过的书，故选D。 6．A.share B．remember C．find D．refuse 解析　B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.share分享；B.remember记得；C.find找到；D.refuse拒绝。根据上文“I only recalled every detail of the papers piling up in the lab”可知作者只能回忆起实验室里堆积如山的论文的每一个细节，可推理出作者记不起上次为了乐趣而读书是什么时候了，故选B。 7．A.distinguish B．understand C．seek D．express 解析　D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我努力表达它与生活的更广泛联系时，我注意到我的声音中的热情消失了。A.distinguish区分；B.understand理解；C.seek寻找；D.express表达。根据上文“So I found myself mostly talking about my research”可知作者发现自己主要在谈论自己的研究，可推理出作者在努力表达研究与生活的联系，故选D。 8．A.killing B．giving C．discovering D．boosting 解析　A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我的博士学位是否正在扼杀我对科学的热爱？”我想。A.killing杀死，扼杀；B.giving给予；C.discovering发现；D.boosting促进。根据上文“I noticed the enthusiasm in my voice faded”可知作者注意到声音中的热情消失了，可推理出此处表示的是作者在思考他的博士学位是否正在扼杀他对科学的热爱，故选A。 9．A.carried through B．blown away C．set apart D．taken out 解析　B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：我很快被书中那些科学上可信的技术所震撼。A.carried through贯彻；B.blown away震撼；C.set apart分开；D.taken out取出。根据下文“by the scientifically plausible (可信的) technologies in it”可知下文说的是书中从科学角度看可信的技术，再根据下文“I began to love it.”可知作者开始喜欢上了它，可推理出作者被这些技术所震撼，故选B。 10．A.refreshing B．necessary C．puzzling D．strange 解析　A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：以一种新的方式思考科学是很令人耳目一新的。A.refreshing令人耳目一新的；B.necessary必要的；C.puzzling令人困惑的；D.strange奇怪的。根据下文“think about science in a new way”以及“I began to love it.”可知，以一种新的方式思考科学让作者感到很新鲜而且喜欢上了它，可推理出作者认为这种方式是令人耳目一新的，故选A。 11．A.funded B．instructed C．inspired D．invited 解析　D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，我受邀就科幻背后的科学发表演讲。A.funded资助；B.instructed指导；C.inspired激励；D.invited邀请。根据下文“to give a talk about the science behind science fiction”可知作者就科幻背后的科学发表演讲，可推理出作者是被邀请去做这个演讲，故选D。 12．A.present B．perform C．exhibit D．leave 解析　A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：当演讲的日子到来时，我感到紧张。A.present呈现，发表；B.perform表演；C.exhibit展览；D.leave离开。根据下文“I felt nervous”可知作者很紧张，可推理出此处说的是演讲的日子到来，所以作者很紧张，故选A。 13．A.energetic B．confident C．excited D．humorous 解析　A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我完成后，我被一些充满活力的听众包围。A.energetic积极的，充满活力的；B.confident自信的；C.excited兴奋的；D.humorous幽默的。根据上文“But after I finished, I was surrounded by some”可知作者结束讲座之后被听众包围，可推理出听众的反应是积极的，故选A。 14．A.path B．conclusion C．fault D．determination 解析　A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我突然意识到这是重返科学交流的道路。A.path道路；B.conclusion结论；C.fault错误；D.determination决心。根据下文“back to science communication”可知下文说的是科学交流，可推理出这次演讲让作者找到了重返科学交流的道路，故选A。 15．A.details B．methods C．shifts D．concepts 解析　D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我已经做了20次演讲，探讨了诸如基因工程和脑机接口等概念。A.details细节；B.methods方法；C.shifts转变；D.concepts概念。根据上文“exploring”以及下文“like genetic (基因的) engineering, and brain­machine interfaces”可知此处上下文说的是有关科学的概念，可推理出作者探讨的是这些领域的概念，故选D。 B级　写作规范练 Ⅰ.语法填空 Samantha Cristoforetti, the first Italian female astronaut in space, 1. (post) a group of photos and several Chinese sentences on her Twitter account during her mission at the International Space Station. Attached to the photos 2. (be) several lines from Preface to Poems Composed at the Orchid Pavilion, an ancient Chinese calligraphy masterpiece 3. famous Chinese calligrapher Wang Xizhi from the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Cristoforetti even gave 4. accurate translation of the lines, saying, “Looking up, I see the vastness of the universe. 5. (bow) my head, I look at the multitude of the world. The gaze flies, the heart expands, the joy of the senses can reach its peak, 6. this is true happiness indeed.” “Her quotation (引语) of the lines shows that she 7. (careful) observed the universe with the vision of Chinese civilization while observing China from space. Such a quotation is very special, 8. shows her ambition and a sense of pride，” said Professor Wang Hui from Tsinghua University. Her quotation also sparked a heated 9. (discuss) among foreign Internet users on social media. Some netizens said that with her Chinese language capacity, Cristoforetti also has the ability 10. (work) at the Chinese space station, while others hope that there will be less conflict and more cooperation in the world. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了意大利航天员克里斯托福雷蒂在太空写下中国古文《兰亭集序》中的句子，一条“太空推特”引发网友热议，共同探索和和平利用外太空会促进全人类的共同福祉，各国理应携手合作，让地球和世界变得更加美好。 1．解析　posted　句意：萨曼莎·克里斯托福雷蒂是第一位进入太空的意大利女宇航员，她在国际空间站执行任务期间，在自己的推特账号上发布了一组照片和几句中文。空处为句子谓语动词，陈述过去的事情，故填posted。 2．解析　were　句意：照片的附件是《兰亭集序》中的几行，这是中国东晋著名书法家王羲之的古代书法杰作。空处为句子谓语动词，陈述过去的事情用一般过去时；该句为表语前置的倒装，主语是lines, 故填were。 3．解析　by　句意：同上。表示“作者是，由……所写”应用介词by。 4．解析　an　句意：克里斯托福雷蒂甚至准确地翻译了这些词句，她说：“抬头看，我看到了宇宙的浩瀚。低头看，我看着世界的浩瀚。凝视飞翔，心灵膨胀，感官的喜悦达到顶峰，这才是真正的幸福。”translation“翻译”是可数名词单数形式，此处为泛指，应添加不定冠词，且accurate的发音是元音音素开头，故填an。 5．解析　Bowing　句意：同上。逗号前部分是状语，空处应填非谓语动词，逻辑主语I和bow之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词。故填Bowing。 6．解析　and/so　句意：同上。空处应填连词连接两个句子，结合句意可知，上下文是并列或因果关系，故填and/so。 7．解析　carefully　句意：她引用的词句表明，她在太空观察中国的同时，用中华文明的眼光仔细观察了宇宙。修饰动词observed应用所给词的副词形式。故填carefully。 8．解析　which　句意：这条引语很特别，这表明了她的雄心壮志和自豪感。空处引导非限制性定语，先行词是quotation，从句缺少主语，故填which。 9．解析　discussion　句意：她的引语也在社交媒体上引发了外国网民的热烈讨论。空处应填名词discussion“讨论”作宾语，冠词a提示用其单数形式。故填discussion。 10．解析　to work　句意：一些网友表示，凭借她的中文能力，克里斯托福雷蒂也有能力在中国空间站工作，而另一些人则希望世界上少一些冲突，多一些合作。该句中已有谓语动词has，故空处填非谓语动词，ability后常用不定式作后置定语。故填to work。 Ⅱ.应用文写作 (2024·浙江绍兴一模)假定你的学校计划开设电子阅览室，大家很是兴奋和期待，为此Mr Black安排大家在英语课分组进行讨论，现请你代表小组发言，内容要点包括：1.电子阅览室的具体用途；2.能给你们带来的好处。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Hi, everyone! That's all. Thank you! One possible version： Hi, everyone! These days, we all seem to be talking about the news that an electronic reading room will be opened. It is exciting indeed! An E­reading room, in our group view, is undoubtedly multi­functional. It is where we can keep ourselves informed of the latest news, where we can have access to various learning resources and where we can solve problems using modern technology, ChatGPT, for example.So an E­reading room, in today's information age, can conveniently and efficiently meet our growing thirst for more information and knowledge. Hope that the E­reading room will be available soon! That's all. Thank you! Ⅲ.读后续写 (2025·广西来宾质量检测)The snowstorm was to hit the evening of Monday, Jan.31，2022. After work, I had to take the laptop my colleague left in my office to his house before it came. On the way to his place, I picked up two pizzas because I'd promised my kids I'd bring some home for dinner. It took me about 15 minutes to get to my colleague's house, where I dropped off the laptop case and got right back on the road. Then the snow started and it was coming down fast. It came in fast and so windy that it screamed. The windows were fogging up and getting covered with snow. I didn't have a clue where I was. I stopped because I was afraid of driving into a farmer's field. I called 911. The dispatcher (调度员) told me to sit tight and wait things out for the night—nobody was coming to get me until morning at the earliest. Those seconds after the call were agony. Getting out to walk in the white world with zero visibility, high winds and a low temperature wasn't a wise option. Would the storm continue for longer than predicted or would I be found too late? My kids! It was the first time they would ever be spending a night without me at home. I was literally terrified at the scene that the snow was piled up. I stayed in the car and texted my colleague whose laptop bag I had just returned. He had an idea. “Pin your location on Google Maps and send it to me，” he said. I did, and a few minutes later he told me that I was on a road called Bouvier Lane, in between two farms. At 6：30 p．m., I posted this new information to my Facebook community group, hoping for anyone who knew who lived on the farms to help me get rescued. At 8 p．m., my cellphone rang. It was the son of the farmer who owned the land beside the road I was stranded on. He told me that his dad, Andy, was coming to get me. 注意：1.续写词数应为 150左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Later, I saw a tall figure moving toward me in the dark, carrying a flashlight and a shovel(铲子)． In Andy's home, his wife, Maryann Bouvier, treated me to hot drinks. One possible version： Later, I saw a tall figure moving toward me in the dark, carrying a flashlight and a shovel (铲子). It was Andy, the farmer, who had come to rescue me from the snowstorm. Despite the fierce wind and blinding snow, he managed to reach my car. He quickly cleared a path through the snow with his shovel and guided me safely to his pickup truck. “Let's get you warmed up，” he shouted over the howling wind. We made our way back to his farmhouse, fighting against the relentless snow. In Andy's home, his wife, Maryann Bouvier, treated me to hot drinks. The warmth of the house and their hospitality quickly eased my worries. As I sipped the steaming cup, I felt incredibly grateful for their kindness and quick response. Maryann insisted I stay the night due to the unsafe weather conditions. The next morning, with the storm subsided, Andy drove me back to my car. I thanked them profusely and promised to return their kindness one day. That day, amidst the whiteout, I found hope and humanity in the generous spirit of Andy and Maryann. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$