选择性必修第1册 Unit 2 Success（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2026年高考英语一轮复习（北师大版）

主题语境：人与自我——个人发展 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Australia has lots of unique animals, but which animal is a symbol (象征；标志) of the country？(人教选必四U2) 2．However, what might have made him such an outstanding (杰出的) and creative scientist was probably his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing.(人教选必二U1) 3．Look at these statues! You can see elements (元素)from Ancient Greece, India and Iran.(外研选必四U3) 4．Guided by a computer that was much less powerful than the ones used by today's average (普通的) school students, all three astronauts of the Apollo 11 mission made it safely back to Earth.(外研选必四U6) 5．With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins (废墟)．(人教必修一U4) Ⅱ.语境运用 1．Tom is often fortunate．Last year he went to Shanghai to try his fortune. Fortunately, he met his girlfriend and got married there.(fortune) 2．In the letter, he thanked me for my appreciating his work and my appreciation made him confident again.(appreciate) 3．He devoted all his life to helping peole in need, which made him have no time to accompany his devoted children.(devote) 4．She tried to convince me that I was mistaken.What she said was so convincing that I was completely convinced．(convince) 5．He got injured during the football match and the injury was serious.(injure) Ⅲ.完成句子 1．上星期天杰克想去看电影，而他的表弟宁愿待在家里。(while连接并列句) Last Sunday Jack wanted to go to the cinema while his cousin would rather stay at home． 2．养成良好的学习习惯，你就会提高学习效率。(祈使句＋and＋陈述句) Form good habits of learning and you will improve your learning efficiency. 3．我很感激我的朋友约翰逊。不管发生什么事，他总是站在我这边。(no matter what引导让步状语从句) I'm grateful to my friend，Johnson. No matter what happened，he always sides with me. 4．在考虑上哪所大学之前，学生应该对大学有一个正确的态度。(情态动词＋have done) Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend. [日积月累·联想发散] “帮助”家族 “成双成对”的名词荟萃 ABC式过去式、过去分词变化 ①aid n．& vt.帮助；援助；资助 ②favour n．帮助 ③assist vt.帮助；协助 ④assistance n．帮助；协助 ⑤support n．& vt.支持；帮助 ⑥help vt.帮助 ①scissors 剪刀 ②jeans 牛仔裤 ③earphones 耳机 ④trousers 裤子 ⑤glasses 眼镜 ⑥shoes 鞋子 ①swell→swelled→swollen ②drive→drove→driven ③ride→rode→ridden ④rise→rose→risen ⑤write→wrote→written ⑥arise→arose→arisen 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[核心单词] committed adj. 坚定的；尽心尽力的 (1)be committed to (doing) sth致力于(做)某事 (2)commit a mistake/crime 犯错/犯罪 commit oneself to do sth 承诺做某事 commit oneself to (doing) sth 致力于(做)某事 commit...to (doing) sth 投入……(做)某事 (3)make a commitment to (doing) sth 保证/承诺做某事 ①Committed to education, he committed every minute to studying and teaching, so his commitment finally paid off.(commit) ②Borrowers should think carefully before committing themselves to taking (take) out a loan. ③I decided to commit to completing (complete)the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature.(2022·北京卷) ④我强烈建议你每天花一个小时读英语，这能逐渐提高你的英语口语。(应用文之建议信) I strongly suggest you (should) commit an hour a day to reading English, which can gradually improve your oral English. injury n. 伤，损害 (1)do sb/oneself an injury/do an injury to sb/oneself 伤害某人/自己 (2)injure sth/sb 使某物/某人受伤 be/get seriously/slightly injured 受重伤/轻伤 injure one's pride/reputation/feelings 伤害某人的自尊/名誉/情感 (3)the injured 伤员 ①He lost control of the car，crashed into the truck and got seriously injured (injure)． ②A bomb exploded at the embassy, injuring (injure) several people. ③Once there，Lenoue was assessed and later taken to a hospital，where she learned that she had serious injuries (injure)in one of her knees.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) ④The training is super hard, but the hardest part for me is that I got an injury (injure) which may take me out for years.(2022·全国乙卷) ⑤营救队像箭一样冲往现场，给伤者实施急救，然后急忙把他们送往最近的医院。(读后续写之动作描写) The rescue team dashed to the spot like arrows, offered first aid to the injured and then rushed them to the nearest hospital. limit vt.& n. (limited, limited, limiting) 限制；限定 (1)limit...to...把……限制在……内 (2)without limit 无限制地 set a limit on...对……规定限度 there is a/no limit to...对……是有限/无限的 (3)be limited to...仅限于…… ①The teaching of history should not be limited (limit) to dates and figures. ②I was asked to limit my speech to 20 minutes. ③Once we found the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited (limit) time.(2023·全国乙卷) ④没有朋友，你的世界将局限于一片荒芜。(读后续写之主旨升华) Without friends, your world would be limited to wilderness. ⑤文章的长度大约限制在400词内，截止日期是六月一日。(应用文之征文通知) The length of the article should be limited to 400 words or so and the deadline is June 1. ruin vt. (ruined, ruined, ruining) 毁掉，糟蹋，毁坏 (1)lie/be in ruins 成为废墟 fall into ruin 成为废墟 be reduced to ruins 沦为废墟 (2)ruin sth/sb/oneself 毁坏某物/毁掉某人/自己 ruin one's health/fame/future 毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途 ①The whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene, which ruins (ruin) everyone's day. ②Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ruins (ruin), the city took on a new look. ③Don't have your friendship ruined (ruin) by a small disagreement. ④遭受两次大火，那座城堡已经破败不堪了。 Having suffered from two big fires, the castle has fallen into ruin/has been in ruins/has been reduced to ruins． average adj. 普通的，平庸的；平均的 n．平均水平，平均数 v. (averaged, averaged, averaging) 平均为；计算出……的平均数 (1)an average of 平均有(后跟数词) the average of ……的平均数 (2)on (the) average 平均起来 above/below (the) average 在平均水平以上/以下 (3)average...out 算出……的平均数 ①Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural (乡村) populations with basic medical care, X­ray scans and prescriptions.(2024·全国甲卷) ②I averaged out the total income of my family the other day. ③The average of (……的平均数) books lost each week is 50. ④所有学生每周有两节体育课，每天平均跑20分钟。(话题写作之学校生活) All students have two PE classes a week and run for an average of 20 minutes every day． recognised adj. 公认的；经过检验的 (1)be recognised to be/as...被认为是…… It is (generally) recognised that...人们公认…… (2)recognise sb/one's voice 认出某人/听出某人的声音 (3)beyond/out of (all) recognition 认不出来 ①Shanghai may be the recognized (recognize) home of the soup dumpling, but food historians (historian) will actually point you to the neighboring ancient canal town of Nanxiang as xiao long bao's birthplace.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) ②Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its (it) memory and use it to recognize (recognize) you in the future.(2024·全国甲卷) ③Without your recognition (recognise) and guidance, I couldn't have written this article.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，读后续写) ④China's image is improving steadily, with more countries recognising (recognise) its role in international affairs. ⑤This solution was recognised (recognise) to be temporary, so it wasn't adopted. →It was recognised that this solution was temporary, so it wasn't adopted.(it is/was...that...句型) convince vt. (convinced, convinced, convincing) 说服；使确信 (1)convince sb to do sth 说服某人做某事 convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事 convince sb that...使某人相信…… (2)be convinced of sth/that...确信(某事)…… make sb convinced of sth 使某人相信某事 ①He convinced the police department to allow (allow) him to set up a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks. ②She will cook up a convincing (convince) explanation for her failure. ③Convinced (convince) that he was wrong, he felt very sad. ④我坚信诚实的重要性，它有助于建设一个温暖、和谐的社会。(读后续写之主旨升华) I'm firmly convinced of the significance of honesty, which will contribute to building a warm and harmonious society. discipline n. 自制力 vt. (disciplined, disciplined, disciplining) 惩罚，处罚 (1)strict discipline 严格的纪律 (2)discipline sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事而惩罚某人 discipline oneself to do sth 严格要求自己做某事 ①He disciplined himself to exercise (exercise) at least three times a week. ②This company requires skilled and disciplined (discipline) labor. ③A senior civil servant has been disciplined (discipline) for revealing secret government plans to the media. ④你必须严格要求自己按时完成你的工作。 You must discipline yourself to finish your task on time. 词形转换 用所给词的正确形式填空，注意特殊词形变化 1．The room belonging to my mate is twice the (long) of the kitchen. 解析　length此题考查倍数表达方式“倍数＋the＋n.＋of”，故填length。 2．Always give your best in whatever you set out to do, however difficult that might be. This way, you practise the virtue of (determine). (译林选必四U1) 解析　determination　介词of后应用名词形式。故填determination。 3．At least nine people have been taken to hospital with varying degrees of (injure) so far. 解析　injuries　根据句意“到目前为止，至少有9人因不同程度的伤势被送往医院”可知，空处应填名词，故填injuries。 4．(2025·八省联考)Chinese plays an increasingly important role in improving communication and (cooperate) between China and the rest of the world. 解析　cooperation　设空处与communication并列，用其名词形式。 5．Bob felt (guilt) that he had not made an attempt to save her. 解析　guilty　feel是感官系动词，故接形容词作表语。故填guilty。 6．The workman was (discipline) by his company but not dismissed. 解析　disciplined　disciplined是discipline的过去式，意思是“处罚”。故填disciplined。 动词的形式变化和固定用法 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式(注意不规则动词的形式变化) 1．We greatly appreciate your (give) us a hand when we're faced with troubles. 解析　giving 根据句意可知，此题考查appreciate sb's doing sth“感激某人做某事”，故填giving。 2．It makes sense (buy) a car now because prices will certainly go up soon. 解析　to buy　根据句意“现在买车是有道理的，因为车的价格肯定很快就会上涨”可知，空处考查短语make sense to do sth意为“做某事有道理”。故填to buy。 3．Information has been put forward more high school graduates will be admitted into universities. 解析　that　分析句子结构可知，此题考查同位语从句， that引导同位语从句，不作任何成分，但不能省略。故填that。 4．(2022·全国乙卷)However，some high sugar brands，like Classic Coca Cola，have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of (upset) consumers. 解析　upsetting　for fear of后接名词或动词的­ing形式。故填upsetting。 5．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Six months later, Mr Rochester paid another visit. Susan (promote) to receptionist. But he recognized her immediately and addressed her by name. 解析　had been promoted　此处考查动词的时态和语态，根据句意可知，此处应用过去完成时，Susan与promote为被动关系，故填had been promoted。 6．A (retire) engineer, 76­year­old Wilson has been offering free rides to college students for the past eight years. 解析　retired　根据句意“一位退休的工程师……”。可知，空处应填所给单词的形容词形式。故填retired。 熟词生义 写出黑体词的汉语意思 1．Tom didn't iron his shirt yesterday.熨烫 2．Different cultures have different ways of disciplining their children.管束 3．Nothing seems to satisfy their hunger for truth.欲望 4．Erin had gone beyond what almost anyone would have done，finding my house on a bitterly cold night, and for that I was extremely grateful.极其，非常 5．Nearly 40 percent of jazz lovers live outside of the Dallas city limits and drive or fly in to enjoy an evening in the Bishop Arts District.(地区或地方的)境界，界限，范围 [短语和句型] make sense 有意义；解释得通 make sense of 弄懂/明白……的意思 make no sense无意义 in a sense在某种意义上 There is no sense in doing sth 做某事没有意义 It makes sense (for sb) to do sth (对某人来说)做某事有意义 in no sense 绝不，绝非(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装) ①I've read the letter twice, but I can't make any sense of it. ②There is no sense in planning so far ahead, because many things will change. ③It makes sense to save (save) money while you can. ④We will in no sense yield to any pressures. ⑤正是由于我慷慨善良的同学们我才有了归属感。(话题写作之学校生活) It is because of my generous and kind­hearted classmates that I feel a sense of belonging． devote...to...致力于 (1)devote one's time/energy/life to (doing) sth 把某人的时间/精力/一生奉献于(做)某事 (2)be devoted to (doing) sth专心于(做)某事；奉献于(做)某事 ①For the past five years, Paula Smith, a historian of science, has devoted herself to recreating (recreate) long­forgotten techniques. ②The old teacher devoted all his life to educating (educate) his devoted (devote) students and he was admired for his devotion (devote) to the educational cause. ③The couple's son, to whom they are so devoted, went abroad for further education, leaving them alone in the small town. 句式升级(用非谓语动词作状语升级句②) ④Devoting all his life to educating his devoted students, the old teacher was admired for his devotion to the educational cause. ⑤总之，现在正是我们致力于保护生态环境的恰当时机。 In conclusion, it is high time for us to devote ourselves to protecting the ecological environment. [点津]　在devote oneself to/devote...to.../be devoted to三个短语中， to是介词，其后接名词/代词/动名词作宾语。 get on 发迹；出人头地 get on/along with 进行，进展；与……相处 get through 完成；通过；接通电话 get away with 做坏事免受惩罚 get down to doing sth 开始认真做某事 get over克服 ①Exercise is good for your mental health. Working out can help you reduce stress and get over negative feelings.(译林必修二U2) ②A smile can help us get through the hard times and find friends in a world of strangers. ③It seems that the only way to get on these days is to have friends in high places. ④既然我们都住在一个屋檐下，我们应该学会如何和睦相处。(话题写作之人际关系) Now that we all live under one roof, we should learn how to get along/on well with each other． drop out 退出，脱离；辍学 drop one's guard丧失警惕 drop a hint露口风；暗示一下 drop around 串门 drop off睡着；(数量等)减少；掉下去，落下去 drop one's voice压低声音 let the matter drop别再提这件事 ①John, the eldest of the eight children, had to drop out at the age of 16 to help his father. ②As he picked up the purse, the money dropped off． ③He was close­mouthed and didn't drop a hint. ④从中学辍学的青少年很难找到工作。 Teenagers who drop out of high school have trouble in finding jobs. boil down to 归结为；要点是 boil sth down (to...) 概括，归纳，压缩 come down to...可归结为，可归纳为 get down to 下去 ①In the end, what it all boils down to is time, or the lack of it. ②It boils down to one question whether you really have full confidence. ③Our choices boil down to staying (stay) here or leaving here. ④Just come down to the company and talk to me. ⑤我的演讲稿原稿被压缩到了大约十分钟。 My original speech got boiled down to about ten minutes. set sb/sth apart 使与众不同 take...apart 把……拆开 set sb apart from使某人从……中脱颖而出 tell...apart把……区别开来 fall apart崩溃，土崩瓦解 apart from除……之外 ①Apart from the construction mentioned, you have also learned the following phrases. ②Let's take the TV apart and see what's wrong with it. ③The twins are alike, so I can't tell them apart. ④其他人在压力下崩溃了，而一些人尽管有压力却做得很好。 Others fall apart under pressure, while a few people do well despite the pressure. 并列连词while表对比“而；然而” (教材原句)He was tired of being regarded as living a successful life, as a person who had everything while many people had nothing.他厌倦了被认为过着成功的生活，被认为拥有一切而很多人一无所有。 写出下列句中黑体词while的含义 ①Some people waste food while others don't have enough. 然而 ②While we were swimming in the river, we saw a fish jump out of the water. 当……时候 ③There will be life while there is water and air. 只要 ④他出去散步了，而我却待在家里。 He went out for a walk, while I stayed at home． way的用法 (教材原句)Call it unhealthy if you want, but that is the way I roll, no matter what it is I'm applying myself to. 你若说这是一种病态也行，但这就是我的做事风格，不管做什么我都会全力以赴。 (1)way作“方式，方法”讲，后接定语从句时有两种情况： ①当way后面的从句缺少状语时，用that/in which引导；用that引导时，that可以省略。 ②当way后面的从句缺少主语或宾语时，用that/which引导，作宾语时关系词可省略，作主语时不可省略。 (2)way作“方式，方法”讲，后接定语有以下两种形式： 做某事的方法 ①Most people believe the best way to build (build) a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals. ②The way that/which was offered by him to do the experiment was different from the way that/in which you carried it out. ③Recycling is one way to protect (protect) the environment. ④他告诉我们的那个方法很有效。 The way (that/which) he told us was quite effective. 固定搭配和句式 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 1．The government has committed itself to (improve) health education. 解析　improving　考查固定短语。commit oneself to doing sth “致力于做某事”，故填improving。 2．Motivated by the original Olympic motto “Faster, Higher, Stronger”， many well­known athletes, both male and female, have devoted themselves to (achieve)sporting excellence and pushing the boundaries of human achievement. (译林选必二U2) 解析　achieving　固定短语devote oneself to “致力于……”，其中to为介词，后接名词或动名词，故填achieving。 3．From his words，I was entirely of his ability to tackle this problem perfectly.(convince) 解析　convincing　convinced　分析句子结构可知，第一空用convincing“令人信服的”，作words的定语；第二空为固定短语be convinced of “深信不疑”。 4．Follow the advice of the doctor, you'll be well very soon. 解析　and　根据句意“听从医生的建议，你很快就会好起来的”可知，考查祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句，故填and。 5．He rejected (apply) for help from anyone, and we can see great courage, perseverance and determination from him. 解析　applying　考查固定短语。reject doing sth “拒绝做某事”。故填applying。 6．She started on engineering degree but dropped after only a year. 解析　out　根据句意“她开始攻读工程学位，但仅一年后就辍学了”可知，考查固定短语drop out “辍学”。故选out。 短语填空 make sense; (be) committed to; come up with; give sb away; apart from; devote oneself to; boil down to; in ruins; get on; drop out 1．Apart from his earnings as a football coach, he also owns and runs a chain of sports shops. 2．The issue boiled down to a lack of communication. 3．It makes sense to work on the problem before it gets out of control. 4．We would appreciate it if you could come up with a name for our band. 5．If you decide to do something, never drop out halfway. 6．On returning to the town, they were shocked to find their neighborhood in ruins．(读后续写之场景描写) 7．Jane tried to keep up a calm appearance, but her trembling voice gave her away． 8．The 48 Group Club is an independent business network committed to promoting positive relations with China. 9．There was nothing left for the teams to do but get on with the business of racing. 10．After he graduated, he continued to devote himself to the research. 微写作 根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇 When Tom was a student, he was ambitious and dreamed of becoming an astronaut. However, as he grew up, he 1.was determined to (决定……) become a teacher and 2.devoted himself to (致力于) teaching, because he appreciated his teacher's commitment to teaching. Now, he is a volunteer teacher in a small village. No student in the village 3.has dropped out (辍学) of school since he came. We can 4.boil down to (归结……为) the conclusion that Tom is an outstanding teacher, 5.applying himself to (专心于；致力于) training more useful young people for our country without considering his income.He 6.has contributed to (促成；有助于) many students' being admitted to universities. 应用文写作运用——短文(值得尊敬的人) 用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作再背诵。 在我们的生命中，有许多令人钦佩的人，他们有可能是老师、医生，有可能是运动员，科学家……请你以An Admirable Person为题写一篇80词左右的文章。 第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球 1．致力于中国空间技术的钱学森于1911年出生于上海。 (定语从句) Qian Xuesen, who devoted himself to China's space technology, was born in 1911 in Shanghai. 2．1935年钱学森决定赴美深造并于1939年在美国获航空、数学博士学位。 In 1935, Qian was determined to go to America for further study and obtained his doctor's degree in aeronautics and mathematics in 1939 in the US. 3．尽管美国政府试图阻止他，但他仍不屈不挠，于1955年回到中国。 With great perseverance, he came back to China in 1955 though the American government tried to stop him. 4．他为中国的航天事业作出了巨大的贡献。 He made great contributions to China's aerospace. 5．2009年，他在北京去世。 In 2009, he passed away in Beijing. 6．中国人民永远不会忘记他对人民和国家的贡献。 Chinese people will never forget his contributions to the people and the country． 第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目(恰当运用过渡衔接词汇，如then, anyhow等) One possible version： An Admirable Person Qian Xuesen, who devoted himself to China's space technology, was born in 1911 in Shanghai.In 1935, Qian was determined to go to America for further study and obtained his doctor's degree in aeronautics and mathematics in 1939 in the US. With great perseverance, he came back to China in 1955 though the American government tried to stop him. Then he made great contributions to China's aerospace. In 2009, he passed away in Beijing. Anyhow, Chinese people will never forget his contributions to the people and the country. 续写能力提升 [教材续写语料] 情感描写 动作描写 环境描写 determined adj.坚定的，坚决的 optimistic adj.乐观的 committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的 enthusiastic adj.热心的，热衷的 appreciative adj.欣赏的；感激的 guilty adj.内疚的；羞愧的→guilt n．内疚，羞愧 bitterly adv.痛苦地；愤恨地；极其，非常 drop out退出，脱离；辍学 reject v．拒绝接受 skip v．跳；不参加；不做(本来应做的事) hire v．雇用；租用 apply oneself to专注于 devote...to致力于 collapse v．(突然)倒塌；崩溃 ruin vt.毁掉，糟蹋，毁坏 boil vi.& vt.(使)沸腾，煮沸 dormitory n．学生宿舍 furniture n．家具 platform n．讲台；月台；站台 [续写语料运用] 请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。 　　我的表弟总是对电子游戏充满热情，并会全身心地投入其中。他沉迷于此，以至于他不吃饭，熬夜，这损害了他的健康，他经常晕倒。因为他的大学拒绝了他，他不得不退学，这让他的父母非常生气。直到那时，他才意识到，能舒适地住在配备了家具的宿舍里是多么幸运。站在火车站的月台上，他感到非常羞愧，羞愧的泪水模糊了他的眼睛。他一脸坚定地对自己发誓：“我必须改掉这个坏习惯，从现在开始投入到学习中去。” 　　My cousin 1.was always enthusiastic about video games and would 2.apply himself to them.He was so addicted to it that he 3.skipped meals and stayed up late, 4.ruining his health and he often 5.collapsed．With his college 6.rejecting him，he had to 7.drop out，which made his parents 8.boil with anger．Not until then did he realise how lucky it was to live comfortably 9.in a dormitory equipped with furniture．Standing 10.on the platform of the railway station，he felt 11.bitterly guilty，tears of 12.guilt clouding his eyes.He swore to himself with 13.a determined look on his face, “I must get rid of the bad habit and 14.devote myself to studying from now on．” A级　阅读提升练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·广东汕头阶段练习)A study, led by University of Essex and University of Chicago, found that employees in remote settings generate fewer and lower­quality innovative ideas compared to those working full­time in the office. The findings also apply to those in hybrid settings where employees get the best of both worlds, spending some days in the office and some at home. While remote and hybrid working arrangements can enhance employees' work­life balance, many business leaders have voiced concerns over innovation suffering with these new work modes. Interestingly, the CEO of Zoom, the leading online communication application, recently required employees work more from the office, specifically mentioning a decline in innovation. The new research finds their concerns seem to stand on solid ground． “Innovation in the workplace can occur through random, informal ‘watercooler’ conversations between employees, such as when they are chatting over coffee time，” explained lead researcher Dr. Christoph Siemroth. “However, these ‘productive accidents’ are unlikely to occur when employees work from home.” The study followed over 48，000 employees from an Indian IT company, which has taken significant steps such as offering financial rewards to promote a culture where all employees see innovation as a key part of their job. The employees write up ideas about process improvements, cost­saving measures, or new products, which are then evaluated by the company. While the quantity of ideas didn't change during the working from home period compared to working in the office, the quality of ideas suffered. During the later hybrid period, the quantity of submitted ideas fell and innovation suffered, particularly in teams which did not schedule when they worked at the office or from home. The findings imply that companies should take steps to regulate when employees are in the office. Innovation does not work well if half the team is in on Mondays while the other half is in on Wednesdays. Instead, set days when the whole team are expected in the office. While this limits the flexibility of hybrid work, research suggests that innovation benefits as a result. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于远程和混合工作模式对员工创新影响的研究发现。 1．What do the underlined words “stand on solid ground” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Need solid proof. B．Be hard to believe. C．Be easy to understand. D．Have good reasons. 解析　D　词义猜测题。由文章第二段中“While remote and hybrid working arrangements can enhance employees' work­life balance, many business leaders have voiced concerns over innovation suffering with these new work modes. Interestingly, the CEO of Zoom, the leading online communication application, recently required employees work more from the office, specifically mentioning a decline in innovation. The new research finds their concerns seem to (虽然远程和混合工作安排可以改善员工的工作与生活平衡，但许多商业领袖对这些新工作模式对创新的影响表示担忧。有趣的是，领先的在线通信应用Zoom的首席执行官最近要求员工更多地在办公室工作，特别提到了创新的下降。新的研究发现，他们的担忧似乎是)”和第三段“‘Innovation in the workplace can occur through random, informal “watercooler” conversations between employees, such as when they are chatting over coffee time，’ explained lead researcher Dr. Christoph Siemroth. ‘However, these “productive accidents” are unlikely to occur when employees work from home.’ (首席研究员克里斯托弗·西姆罗斯博士解释说：‘工作场所的创新可以通过员工之间随意、非正式的“茶水间”对话来实现，比如他们在喝咖啡的时候聊天。’‘然而，当员工在家工作时，这些“生产事故”不太可能发生。’)”可知，新的研究表明他们的担忧是有充分理由的，stand on solid ground意为“有充分的理由”。A.Need solid proof需要确凿的证据；B.Be hard to believe令人难以置信；C.Be easy to understand易于理解；D.Have good reasons有充分的理由。故选D。 2．What contributes to workplace innovation according to Dr. Christoph Siemroth? A．Favorable and relaxing company culture. B．Unplanned interaction among employees. C．Access to workplace facilities and resources. D．Professional training in promoting productivity. 解析　B　细节理解题。由文章第三段中“‘Innovation in the workplace can occur through random, informal “watercooler” conversations between employees, such as when they are chatting over coffee time，’ explained lead researcher Dr. Christoph Siemroth. (首席研究员克里斯托弗·西姆罗斯博士解释说：‘工作场所的创新可以通过员工之间随意、非正式的“茶水间”对话来实现，比如他们在喝咖啡的时候聊天。’)”可知，工作场所的创新可以通过员工之间随意的、非正式的“饮水机旁”的对话产生。故选B。 3．What can we learn about workplace innovation from the study? A．Remote workers generated ideas of high quality. B．Financial rewards could greatly boost innovation. C．The hybrid work mode delivered unsatisfying results. D．Working modes had no impact on the number of ideas. 解析　C　推理判断题。由文章第五段“While the quantity of ideas didn't change during the working from home period compared to working in the office, the quality of ideas suffered. During the later hybrid period, the quantity of submitted ideas fell and innovation suffered, particularly in teams which did not schedule when they worked at the office or from home. (与在办公室工作相比，在家工作期间创意的数量没有变化，但创意的质量却受到了影响。在后来的混合工作模式期间，提交的想法数量减少了，尤其是在那些没有安排好在办公室或在家工作时间的团队中，创新受到了更大的影响。)”可知，在后来的混合工作模式期间，混合工作模式的效果并不令人满意。故选C。 4．What is suggested for companies to improve innovation in the last paragraph? A．Allow more flexibility in work schedules. B．Encourage team work over individual work. C．Require full­time office work for all employees. D．Arrange time for collective presence of employees. 解析　D　细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“The findings imply that companies should take steps to regulate when employees are in the office. (研究结果表明，公司应该采取措施规范员工在办公室的时间。)”可知，最后一段对企业改进创新提出的建议是安排员工集体出席的时间。故选D。 B (2025·山西大同阶段练习)Ecologists have long known that the ground beneath our feet is home to more life, and more diverse life than almost any other place on Earth. In just a cup of dirt, researchers have discovered 100 million life forms. Underground creatures range from earthworms that can reach several meters in length, to mice, and rabbits in their tunnels and caves. Generally, these underground communities form much of the basis for life on our planet, from the food we eat to the air we breathe. Today, in a somewhat new field known as soil bioacoustics (生物声学) a growing number of biologists are capturing underground noises to open a window into this complex and mysterious world. They've found that something as simple as a metal nail rushed into the dirt can become a sort of upside­down antenna (天线) if equipped with the right sensors.And the more researchers listen, the more it becomes apparent how much the ground below us is filled with life. Listening to this mixture of underground sounds promises to reveal not only what life forms live below our feet but also how they go about their existence—how they eat or hunt, how they slip past each other unnoticed, or drum, tap, and sing to get one another's attention. Underground bioacoustics could help us take better care of the environment and detect pests that cause billions of dollars in damage every year. Without a way to locate the pests, ground managers commonly have to turn to fighting pests like these with blanket pesticide (杀虫剂) applications. But that kills all sorts of things underground. The impact that human sound pollution has on underground life is still unclear. But “it's hard to believe it wouldn't have any”， says Rillig, a soil ecologist. Maeder, a sound artist, thinks scientists are finding that the underground band of animal activity has started to fall silent in large areas of land. A reduction of noises suggests the reduction of biodiversity and thus a less healthy soil. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了地下生物的丰富性和土壤生物声学的研究及其对环境保护的意义。 5．What is paragraph 1 mainly about? A．Ecologists' latest discoveries. B．The richness of underground species. C．The secret underground world. D．A changed habitat. 解析　B　段落大意题。根据第一段中“Ecologists have long known that the ground beneath our feet is home to more life, and more diverse life than almost any other place on Earth. In just a cup of dirt, researchers have discovered 100 million life forms.(生态学家早就知道，我们脚下的土地是地球上生命最丰富、多样性最高的地方之一。在仅仅一抔泥土中，研究人员就发现了1亿种生命形式。)”以及后续的描述可知，该段主要强调了地下物种的丰富性。故选B。 6．What is highlighted in paragraph 3? A．The significance of soil bioacoustics. B．The harm of pesticide applications. C．The types of underground sounds. D．The balance of ecology. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据第三段“Listening to this mixture of underground sounds promises to reveal not only what life forms live below our feet but also how they go about their existence—how they eat or hunt, how they slip past each other unnoticed, or drum, tap, and sing to get one another's attention. Underground bioacoustics could help us take better care of the environment and detect pests that cause billions of dollars in damage every year. Without a way to locate the pests, ground managers commonly have to turn to fighting pests like these with blanket pesticide (杀虫剂) applications. But that kills all sorts of things underground.(聆听这些混合的地下声音，不仅可以揭示生活在我们脚下的生命形式，还可以揭示它们是如何生存的——它们如何捕食，如何悄无声息地从彼此身边溜走，或者如何打鼓、敲击、唱歌来引起彼此的注意。地下生物声学可以帮助我们更好地保护环境，探测每年造成数十亿美元损失的害虫。由于没有找到害虫的方法，地面管理人员通常不得不转向使用地毯式杀虫剂来对抗害虫。但这会杀死地下的所有生物。)”可知，该段主要强调了通过土壤生物声学可以揭示地下生物的存在和生存方式，强调了土壤生物声学的重要性。故选A。 7．What's Maeder's attitude to the underground falling silent? A．Dismissive. B．Ambiguous. C．Concerned. D．Doubtful. 解析　C　观点态度题。根据最后一段中“Maeder, a sound artist, thinks scientists are finding that the underground band of animal activity has started to fall silent in large areas of land. A reduction of noises suggests the reduction of biodiversity and thus a less healthy soil.(Maeder是一位声音艺术家，他认为科学家们正在发现，在大片土地上，动物活动的地下波段已经开始沉寂。噪声的减少意味着生物多样性的减少，从而导致土壤不健康。)”可以推断出Maeder对地下世界变得寂静持担忧的态度。故选C。 8．What's the best title for the text? A．Is life in the soil thought to be silent? B．Have humans changed the substance of soil? C．Can we uncover the silent soil in the noisy world? D．Is the reduction of noises in the soil better or worse? 解析　A　标题归纳题。根据全文内容及第二段中“Today, in a somewhat new field known as soil bioacoustics (生物声学) a growing number of biologists are capturing underground noises to open a window into this complex and mysterious world.(今天，在一个被称为土壤生物声学的新领域，越来越多的生物学家正在捕捉地下的噪声，为这个复杂而神秘的世界打开一扇窗。)”可知，文章主要介绍了土壤生物声学的研究，以及通过该技术可以揭示地下生物的存在和生存方式，同时提到了人类声音污染对地下生物的影响。因此，文章的核心是探讨土壤中的生命是否沉默，故选项A“土壤中的生物被认为是沉默的吗？”能够概括文章的主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选A。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2025·四川德阳开学考试)I'm an Indonesian student and finished my Master's degree in Sweden. 1 Here are my top four things that I've learned from my experience. I understand my home country better. Being a local in my home country for almost a lifetime got me thinking that the grass was always greener in other countries. 2 And my country has different positive angles that I've learned to see and be proud of. I get much deeper understanding of other cultures' perspectives. Studying abroad has changed my perspective and made me shift my beliefs. I've learned the issue of privacy. I used to see that the internet is the place where we should talk about our activities and share many parts of ourselves to the world. I used to take everyone's pictures and share them online. 3 I see travelling in a new way. What is travelling all about? Why do we need travelling? 4 I learned that by being a tourist, understanding local perspectives and needs is important. And most importantly, I found that you can find a whole new way of life when you really take time to understand the country you're in. 5 When you study abroad, the first thing you might notice are the many differences between people. But you also see that all of these differences are also universal—people in many ways are the same everywhere. Studying abroad gives you the opportunity to really understand people from different culture backgrounds. And when you make friends, you learn to accept their perfections alongside their shortcomings. A．I learn to accept people's differences. B．What should you take while you are travelling? C．Learning in a foreign country taught me lots of things. D．I like to make friends from different culture backgrounds. E．Yet being abroad has given me the chance to see that no country is perfect. F．By trying answering these questions, I started to understand travelling differently. G．Now I secure my data, respect people's privacy, and even remind others to do so. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者总结了自己在国外求学经历中所获得的一些生活智慧、人生感悟以及留学经历对自己的影响。 1．解析　C　前句“I'm an Indonesian student and finished my Master's degree in Sweden.(我是一名印度尼西亚学生，在瑞典完成了我的硕士学位。)”提到作者在国外学习，后句“Here are my top four things that I've learned from my experience.(以下是我从自己的经历中学到的四件事。)”引出本文的话题，即介绍作者从个人经历中所学到的四件事情，因此判断C 选项“在国外学习教会了我很多东西”符合语境。故选C。 2．解析　E　根据上文“I understand my home country better. Being a local in my home country for almost a lifetime got me thinking that the grass was always greener in other countries.(我更了解我的祖国。在我的祖国当了几乎一辈子的当地人，这让我觉得其他国家的草总是更绿。)”以及后文“And my country has different positive angles that I've learned to see and be proud of.(我的国家有不同的积极的角度，我学会了去看并为之自豪。)”提到作者曾经一直以为其他国家的草更绿，后句提到作者了解到了自己的国家也有值得骄傲的方面，可知本句为转折句，因此判断E选项“然而，出国让我有机会看到，没有一个国家是完美的”符合语境。故选E。 3．解析　G　根据上文“I get much deeper understanding of other cultures' perspectives. Studying abroad has changed my perspective and made me shift my beliefs. I've learned the issue of privacy. I used to see that the internet is the place where we should talk about our activities and share many parts of ourselves to the world. I used to take everyone's pictures and share them online.(我对其他文化的观点有了更深的理解。留学改变了我的视角，改变了我的信念。我知道了隐私的问题。我曾经认为，互联网是我们应该谈论我们的活动，并向世界分享我们自己的许多部分的地方。我过去常常拍下每个人的照片并在网上分享。)”可知，上文提到作者以前认为网络就是向世界分享活动和自我的地方，而且经常拍下别人的照片并上传到网上，由此判断G 选项“现在我保护我的数据，尊重别人的隐私，甚至提醒别人这样做”可以承接上文，和前句构成转折关系。故选G。 4．解析　F　根据前面提到的问题“What is travelling all about? Why do we need travelling？(什么是旅行？我们为什么需要旅行？)”，结合“questions”可知F选项“通过回答这些问题，我开始对旅行有了不同的理解”的内容符合语境。故选F。 5．解析　A　根据后文“When you study abroad, the first thing you might notice are the many differences between people. But you also see that all of these differences are also universal—people in many ways are the same everywhere. Studying abroad gives you the opportunity to really understand people from different culture backgrounds. And when you make friends, you learn to accept their perfections alongside their shortcomings.(当你在国外学习时，你可能注意到的第一件事就是人与人之间的许多差异。但你也会看到，所有这些差异也是普遍存在的——世界各地的人在很多方面都是一样的。出国留学让你有机会真正了解来自不同文化背景的人。当你交朋友时，你学会接受他们的优点和缺点。)”可知，本段内容介绍了在国外学习时作者注意到人与人之间的差异，但也发现这种差异是普遍存在的，从而在接受人们优点的同时也学会了接受人们的缺点，故A 选项“我逐渐学会接受人与人之间的差异”可以作为本段主题句。故选A。 Ⅲ.完形填空 (2025·宁夏银川阶段练习)When I was growing up, I wanted to be just like Great Uncle Ferdy. He loved telling 1 about himself: by running away seconds before a bomb exploded next to his tent, he 2 the life of General Montgomery; after the war, he 3 rescued two young children in the Connaught Street fire and was regarded as a hero; after he retired, he became a boxing coach and 4 a boy to become a British heavyweight champion; the queen would 5 a Buckingham Palace Garden Party and even gave him an invitation to attend it. I never 6 the question—if his stories were suitable for a ten­year­old, but I was 7 about them. I even made up my mind to 8 a person just like Great Uncle Ferdy. And why? Great Uncle Ferdy just loved 9 stories and telling them. His wonderful tales were all in his 10 ， which is one of the many 11 you need to be a good writer. Using the imagination has 12 helped me in my writing career. If you want to achieve, 13 . Take your readers to places they never knew, and introduce them to adventures they're never likely to experience 14 ． I think Great Uncle Ferdy would have understood my opinion except—and I'm sorry to admit this—he never 15 ．There's no such person. He's all in my imagination. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过回忆作者童年时对一位虚构的“伟大的叔祖父Ferdy”的崇拜和受其启发成为作家的经历，展现了想象力和故事讲述对于个人成长和创作的重要性。 1．A.adventures B．stories C．research D．lies 解析　B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：他喜欢讲述自己的故事：在一次炸弹即将在他帐篷旁爆炸前的几秒，他迅速逃离，从而救下了蒙哥马利将军的性命。A.adventures冒险；B.stories故事；C.research研究；D.lies谎言。根据下文“stories”可知，他讲述的是关于自己的“故事”。故选B。 2．A.spared B．threatened C．saved D．condemned 解析　C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：他喜欢讲述自己的故事：在一次炸弹即将在他帐篷旁爆炸前的几秒，他迅速逃离，从而救下了蒙哥马利将军的性命。A.spared抽出；B.threatened威胁；C.saved挽救，节省；D.condemned谴责。根据上文“by running away seconds before a bomb exploded next to his tent”可知，叔祖父Ferdy在一次炸弹即将在他帐篷旁爆炸前的几秒，他迅速逃离，所以可推测，他是“挽救”了将军的性命。故选C。 3．A.fearlessly B．restlessly C．aimlessly D．ceaselessly 解析　A　考查副词词义辨析。句意：战后，他无所畏惧地在康诺特街火灾中救出了两名儿童，因此被视为英雄。A.fearlessly毫不畏惧地；B.restlessly不安地；C.aimlessly漫无目的地；D.ceaselessly不停地。根据空后“rescued two young children in the Connaught Street fire and was regarded as a hero”可推测，这里指叔祖父Ferdy“毫不畏惧地”从大火中救出了两个儿童。故选A。 4．A.proposed B．required C．persuaded D．guided 解析　D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：退休后，他成为了一名拳击教练，指导一名男孩成为了英国重量级拳击冠军。A.proposed提议；B.required要求；C.persuaded劝服；D.guided指导。根据上文“he became a boxing coach”可知，他成为了一名拳击教练，由此可知，他是“指导”一个男孩成为拳击冠军。故选D。 5．A.record B．associate C．attend D．throw 解析　C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：女王还曾探访过他，甚至邀请他参加白金汉宫花园派对。A.record记录；B.associate联系；C.attend出席，参加；D.throw扔。根据空后的“a Buckingham Palace Garden Party”以及上文所提及的叔祖父Ferdy各种英勇的行为可推测，女王是邀请Ferdy叔祖父“参加”白金汉宫花园派对。故选C。 6．A.ignored B．repeated C．considered D．remembered 解析　C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从未考虑过这样一个问题——他的故事是否适合一个十岁的孩子听，但我却对这些故事痴迷不已。A.ignored忽视；B.repeated重复；C.considered考虑，认为；D.remembered记得。根据空后“if his stories were suitable for a ten­year­old”可知，下文是作者心中“考虑”的问题。故选C。 7．A.anxious B．particular C．obsessed D．careful 解析　C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从未考虑过这样一个问题——他的故事是否适合一个十岁的孩子听，但我却对这些故事痴迷不已。A.anxious焦虑的；B.particular特定的，挑剔的；C.obsessed(对……)着迷的；D.careful仔细的。根据下文“I even made up my mind to 8 a person just like Great Uncle Ferdy.”以及语境可知，作者对这些故事很熟悉以及作者想成为Ferdy叔祖父这样的人。由此可推测，作者对于这些故事是非常“着迷”的。故选C。 8．A.become B．encounter C．influence D．judge 解析　A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我甚至下定决心要成为像伟大的叔祖父Ferdy那样的人。A.become成为；B.encounter遭遇；C.influence影响；D.judge判断。根据上文“When I was growing up, I wanted to be just like Great Uncle Ferdy.”可知，作者想“成为”像伟大的Ferdy叔祖父那样的人。故选A。 9．A.making up B．passing down C．commenting on D．searching for 解析　A　考查动词词组辨析。句意：因为叔祖父Ferdy只是喜欢编造故事并讲述它们。A.making up编造，组成；B.passing down传递；C.commenting on对……评论；D.searching for搜寻。根据下文“His wonderful tales were all in his 10 ， which is one of the many 11 you need to be a good writer. Using the imagination has 12 helped me in my writing career.”可知，叔祖父Ferdy的这些故事都是想象出来的，所以他是“编造”出这些故事。故选A。 10．A.diary B．imagination C．dream D．life 解析　B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：他那精彩绝伦的故事全都出自他的想象，而这也是成为一名优秀作家所需的众多品质之一。A.diary日记；B.imagination想象力，想象；C.dream梦想；D.life生活。根据上文“Great Uncle Ferdy just loved 9 stories and telling them.”和下文“Using the imagination”可知，这些故事都是他编造的，由此可知，都是出自他的“想象”。故选B。 11．A.goals B．reasons C．qualities D．impressions 解析　C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：他那精彩绝伦的故事全都出自他的想象，而这也是成为一名优秀作家所需的众多品质之一。A.goals目标；B.reasons理由；C.qualities品质，质量；D.impressions印象。根据下文“Using the imagination has 12 helped me in my writing career.”可知，作者认为想象力是作家所需的“品质”之一。故选C。 12．A.barely B．temporarily C．unexpectedly D．certainly 解析　D　考查副词词义辨析。句意：想象力无疑在我的写作生涯中助我一臂之力。A.barely仅仅；B.temporarily暂时地；C.unexpectedly意外地；D.certainly当然。根据上文“His wonderful tales were all in his 10 ， which is one of the many 11 you need to be a good writer.”可知，作者认为想象力是作家所需的品质之一，由此可知，作者认为想象力“当然”在自己的写作生涯中有所帮助。故选D。 13．A.roll up your sleeves B．do your bit C．think outside the box D．step out of your comfort zone 解析　C　考查动词词组辨析。句意：如果你想取得成功，就必须要有创造性思考。A.roll up your sleeves撸起袖子准备大干一场；B.do your bit尽你的一份力量；C.think outside the box创造性思考；D.step out of your comfort zone走出你的舒适区。根据上文“Using the imagination has 12 helped me in my writing career.”可知，作者认为想象力对于作家而言非常重要，因此空处指的是如果作家想取得成功，就必须要有“创造性思考”。故选C。 14．A.in public B．in person C．in return D．in advance 解析　B　考查介词词组辨析。句意：带你的读者去他们从未去过的地方，让他们体验那些他们亲自经历的可能性极小的冒险。A.in public当众；B.in person亲自；C.in return作为回报；D.in advance提前。根据上文“Take your readers to places they never knew”可推测，空处指的是读者无法“亲自”经历的冒险。故选B。 15．A.exists B．fails C．disappears D．hesitates 解析　A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想，伟大的叔祖父Ferdy如果知道我的想法，他一定会理解的——但很抱歉，我必须承认——他根本不存在。A.exists存在；B.fails失败；C.disappears消失；D.hesitates犹豫。根据下文“There's no such person. He's all in my imagination.”可知，Ferdy只是作者想象出来的，所以他根本不“存在”。故选A。 B级　写作规范练 Ⅰ.语法填空 (2025·湖北黄冈阶段练习)As the Chinese saying goes, “Roads lead to riches.” And this is 1. Somxay Laolion, a Laotian driver on the China­Laos Railway, has observed over the past two­and­a­half years. As a driver travelling 2. Vientiane and Boten(border town)，he can see more and more houses and factories 3. (build)along the route. The 1，035­kilometer railway, 4. is a flagship project under the China­proposed Belt and Road Initiative, connects Kunming, the capital of Southwest China's Yunnan province, with the Laotian capital, Vientiane. 5. (adopt)Chinese technical standards, the China­Laos Railway is China's first­international railway project 6. (primary)funded and built by Chinese companies and 7. (connect)to China's railway network. Since June 2020，the Laos­China Railway Company has recruited and trained Lao trainees and more than 800 Lao employees, or over 90 percent of the trainees, 8. (assign)specific positions. The China­Laos Railway has opened “a new phase of development” for Laos to transform 9. (it) from a landlocked country to a land­linked one. The railway has maintained a positive trend of increasing volume and 10. (efficient)，as well as thriving passenger and freight businesses. The China­Laos Railway has become a road of development, happiness, and friendship for the Lao and Chinese people. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述中国­老挝铁路上的老挝司机颂赛·劳利翁见证中老铁路沿线发展的故事。该铁路是“一带一路”倡议下的旗舰项目，使老挝从内陆国变为陆联国。 1．解析　what　考查名词性从句。句意：这是中老铁路上的老挝司机颂赛·劳利翁在过去两年半里所观察到的。根据空前的is可知，空处引导表语从句，且从句中动词observe后缺少宾语，需要what引导从句。故填what。 2．解析　between　考查介词。句意： 作为一名在万象和边城磨丁之间往来的火车司机，他可以看到沿途越来越多的房屋和工厂被建起。between... and... 为固定搭配，意为“在……和……之间”。故填between。 3．解析　being built　考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名在万象和边城磨丁之间往来的火车司机，他可以看到沿途越来越多的房屋和工厂被建起。空处作宾语补足语，动词build和宾语houses and factories之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，且动作正在进行，应用现在分词的被动形式。故填being built。 4．解析　which　考查定语从句。句意：这条1035公里长的铁路是中国提出的“一带一路”倡议的旗舰项目，连接了中国西南部云南省省会昆明和老挝首都万象。空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代先行词railway，应用关系代词 which引导从句。故填which。 5．解析　Adopting　考查非谓语动词。句意：中老铁路采用中国技术标准，是中国首个由中国企业出资承建、与中国铁路网对接的国际铁路项目。空处作状语，主句主语the China­Laos Railway与adopt存在主谓关系，用现在分词形式。故填Adopting。 6．解析　primarily　考查副词。句意：中老铁路采用中国技术标准，是中国首个由中国企业出资承建、与中国铁路网对接的国际铁路项目。空处作状语，修饰过去分词短语 funded and built by Chinese companies，应用副词形式。故填primarily。 7．解析　connected　考查非谓语动词。句意：中老铁路采用中国技术标准，是中国首个由中国企业出资承建、与中国铁路网对接的国际铁路项目。空处作后置定语，被修饰名词project与动词connect为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词形式。故填connected。 8．解析　have been assigned　考查动词的时态和被动语态。句意：自2020年6月以来，老中铁路公司为老挝招聘和培训了800多培训人员，占培训人员的90%以上。空处作谓语，根据前一分句可推知主语over 90 percent of the trainees与assign之间为动宾关系， 且根据时间状语 since 可知应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填 have been assigned。 9．解析　itself　考查代词。句意：中老铁路开启了老挝由内陆国向陆联国转变的“发展新阶段”。根据空前的动词transform可知，空处作宾语，itself 在此处指代 the Laos 老挝。故填itself。 10．解析　efficiency　考查名词。句意：铁路保持运量增效向好态势，客货运业务蓬勃发展。根据 and并列结构可知，空处应填名词和 volume构成并列关系，结合句意“效率”是efficiency，为不可数名词。故填efficiency。 Ⅱ.应用文写作 (2025·四川眉山阶段练习)假如你是李华，在即将进入高三之际，很多学生学习状态不佳，不适应逐渐加快的学习节奏，对未来一片迷茫。学生会邀请你作为学生代表在开学典礼上给全校师生发表演讲，请你从以下几个方面准备一份英语发言稿。 1．指出现象；2.具体建议；3.表达祝愿。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．开头已经给出，不计入总词数。 Good morning, everyone! I'm Li Hua. One possible version： Good morning, everyone! I'm Li Hua. On behalf of Senior 3 students, I feel honored to give a speech about how to handle the pressure we are now facing from my perspective. To begin with, physical health and a good state of mind is the foundation on which we conquer all the difficulties. As the old saying goes, “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.” Only by striking a balance between study and rest can we ensure learning efficiency. What's more, pouring to our parents or teachers when necessary is also an alternative to get practical guidance and timely comfort. When it comes to our future choices, it's highly recommended that we combine our personal preference with professional suggestion. Hope my advice can be of some help to you. I believe with great persistence and efforts, we can get the ultimate success in the college entrance examination. Thank you. Ⅲ.读后续写 (2025·河南许昌阶段练习)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was born into a poor family from a small Indian village where we had no college, or university. After completing Grade Ten, my father came to me with some bad news... “Son, I'm sorry. I won't be able to pay any more of your educational expenses.” I was the fourth and youngest son in the family. The family expenses had become too much for my father's small army wage to handle. Not having money for my education worried me. I laid my head down that night, wondering what my future held in store. The words of my teacher came to me, “Nawaz, you must try and find another way for your future. Look at me! I grew up as a poor boy from the village. I struggled, I worked hard and I went to the city. You must find a way and never give up.” I heard Karachi was a city of opportunity for poor people due to lots of small jobs. I decided to move to the city to get a job, so I could save up and pay for my education. On a busy street not far from where I stayed, I found a job in a small restaurant. I waited on tables, cleaned floors, and washed dishes. I slowly saved enough money for my college admission fee. After that, I studied by day. By night and on weekends I worked at the restaurant. I was tired but determined to complete my education. One day Mr Jatin started asking me questions. “Where are you from？” “What are you doing here？” “Why are you working here？” He came to the restaurant for a cup of tea regularly in the afternoon, so the waiters were all familiar with him. I politely answered his questions about my situation. “Mmm, I see，” Mr Jatin nodded. “I've watched you work hard. And I'd like to pay for all your college fees. You can quit your job and focus on your studies.” 注意：1.续写词数应为 150左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 I couldn't believe what I had just heard. Having got a well­paid job after graduation, I realized it was time to pay back. One possible version： I couldn't believe what I had just heard. My heart was filled with an overwhelming sense of joy and profound gratitude. I stood there, stunned for a moment, my eyes wide with astonishment. I thanked Mr Jatin repeatedly, unable to contain my excitement. With his support, I could finally focus entirely on my studies without the burden of financial worries. I worked even harder, determined not to disappoint him and to make the most of this precious opportunity. Having got a well­paid job after graduation, I realized it was time to pay back. I expressed my appreciation in the most heartfelt way possible, emphasizing how his kindness had transformed my life. I decided to help other students in need, just as he had helped me. I set up a scholarship fund to support those who struggled like I once did. I was acutely aware of the immense value of a helping hand in times of difficulty and was eager to pass on the kindness and make a positive difference in the lives of others. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$