Unit 7定语从句讲解2024-2025学年沪教牛津版（广州沈阳通用）九年级英语上册

定语从句讲解 一、概念： （一）定语：用来修饰名词或代词的词/短语 a tall building the book on the desk anything important the girl in red （二）定语从句一个句子跟在一个名词或代词后进行修饰限定的从句 I know the girl. The girl is dancing. (两个简单句) →I know the girl who is dancing. （定语从句） 被修饰的词是_______________。这个词就称为先行词。 其中连接两个句子的是______________， 称为关系词。关系词在从句中指代先 行词，并在从句中充当一定的成分，观察上句，关系词在从句中充当___________。 （三）先行词： 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词 （四）关系词：引导定语从句的词。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。关系词有两个作用： 1. 引导定语从句，连接主句和从句； 2. 代替先行词在定语从句中充当某一成分。 【随学随练】 请找出下列句子的先行词和定语从句。 1. Guangzhou is the place where I was born. 2. He is the boy who helped me yesterday. 3. I want to find something that is really meaningful. 二、分类 （1） 限制性定语从句：对先行词起到限制作用，与主句关系紧密，不可用逗号与主句隔开。 （2） 非限制性定语从句：对先行词起到补充说明的作用，与主句关系不是很密切，不影响主句的表意，常用逗号与主句隔开。 This is the house which we bought last month. （限制性定语从句，强调“上个月买的房子”） The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.（非限制性定语从句，强调“房子很不错”） 三、关系代词 （一）who指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。如： Do you know the man who is talking with your mother? （二）whom指人，在从句中作宾语，常可省略。若前面有介词，则不可省略，且不可与who或that替代。如： Do you know the lady (whom) your mother is talking with? （3） which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。若前面有介词，则不可省略且不可用that。 The book (which) I read last night is wonderful. （4） that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在从句中可作主语或者宾语，作宾语时可省略。如： She is one of the students that work really hard. A library is a place (that) people like very much. （五）whose指“人的”或“物的”，在从句中作定语。 He knows the livestreamer whose name is Dong Yuhui. I live in a room whose window faces north. （六）as指人或物，在句子作主语、宾语或表语。如： I have never heard such stories as (the ones) he tells. 四、关系副词 （1） when指,，在从句中作时间状语。如： I still remember the day when I first came to Guangzhou. （2） where指地点，也用来修饰抽象名词，如：situation, case, point, activity, stage等，在从句中作地点状语。 Guangzhou is the city where I was born. （3） why指原因，在从句中作原因状语。 I know the reason why he came late. （4） 关系副词=介词+关系代词 先行词指物，用“介词+which”，指人则用“介词+whom”，且关系代词均不能省略。 介词的选择遵循两个原则： 1. 根据定语从句种谓语动词与先行词的搭配而定； 2. 根据句意而定。 I still remember the day on which I first came to Guangzhou. Guangzhou is the city in which I was born. This is the book (for which) I am looking. 5、 常见考点 （1） that, which, who的区别 1. 只用that，不用which/who的常见情况 （1） 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，如： This is the best film (that) I have ever seen. （2） 先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same等修饰时，如： This is the only thing (that) we can do now. This is the very book (that) I want to read. （3） 先行词既有人又有物时，如： The scientist and his achievements that we learned about today are admired by us all. 2. 只用which/who，不用that的常见情况 （1） 介词后面指人只能用whom，指物只能用which，如： This is the book about which they are discussing now. （2） 在非限制性定语从句中，即逗号后面指人时，关系代词作主语用who，作宾语用who或whom；指物时，只能用which，如： This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. （2） as的用法 as位置灵活，可放在主句前也可放在主句后，有时还可以插入主语中。 1. 常用于固定搭配：as often happens, as is often the case, as I remember, as is expected, as is known to all, as is shown… As is known to all/everyone, the moon travels around Earth. 2. 先行词被such, as many (much)和the same修饰，从句用as引导。The same…that表示同一个人或物，而the same…as…表示同种类的人或物。 I would like to use the same tool as you used yesterday. I would like to use the same tool that you used yesterday. 【练习一】 单项选择。 1. --Who is the man was talking to our English teacher? --Oh! It’s Mr Baker, our math teacher. A. he B. that C. whom D. which 2. I like the people help others when they are in trouble. A. who B. which C. they D. where 3. The foreigner visited our school is from Canada. A. which B. when C. who D. whom 4. George Mallory was an English school teacher loved climbing. A. who B. whom C. he D. which 5. This is the place I have spent the most time. A. there B. when C. where D. which 6. Nobody knows the reason she didn’t come to the meeting. A. what B. which C. Why D. when 7. The moon is a world there is no life. A. that B. which C. where D. why 8. He has forgotten the day he arrived. A. when B. where C. that D. which 9. He still remembers the days he spent with your family. A. when B. where C. that D. on which 10. Mr White, car had been stolen, went to the police. A. who B. that C. whose D. which 11. He got to the village his family once lived. A. that B. which C. when D. where 12. This is the house I want to buy. A. in which B. that C. whose D. where 13. This is the house our beloved Premier Zhou Enlai once lived and worked. A. which B. that C. when D. where 14. He didn’t tell me the place he was born. A. that B. which C. when D. where 15. The letter I received from him yesterday is very important. A. who B. where C. what D. that 【练习二】 用正确的单词填空。 1. Where is the scientist gave us the talk yesterday? 2. Do you know a boy sister is a nurse in a hospital? 3. I don’t like people talk much but do little. 4. I there a shop near here we can buy vegetables and fruit? 5. The house in we lived was old. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$