专题3 第6讲 情态动词和虚拟语气（课件PPT）-【精讲精练】2026年高考英语一轮复习（北师大版）

语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 第6讲　情态动词和虚拟语气 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 目 录 通语法·考点过关 01 练技法·巩固提升 02 CONTENTS 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 01 通语法·考点过关 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 need would may/might 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 must shall 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 had happened had had had been 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 had caught considered/should consider 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 02 练技法·巩固提升 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 谢谢观看 返回目录 高考总复习·英语(BSD) 1 语法突破篇 专题三　千变万化的动词 考点一　情态动词 情态动词本身有词义，但是没有人称和数的变化。情态动词有时态的变化，但是不能独立作谓语。 情态动词的特殊用法 (1)can/could的否定式与比较级连用表示最高级。 (2)can/could的否定式与enough或too (much)连用表示“再……也不为过”。 (3)must可表示“偏要，硬要”，常用于疑问句或条件状语从句中。 (4)may/might as well表示“最好；不妨”。 (5)would可表示过去的习惯，与used to相比，前者常表示过去反复的动作，后者常表示过去的状态或习惯现在已不复存在。 (6)should有时表示说话人对某事感到意外、惊奇，意为“竟然会”。　 用适当的情态动词填空 ①There are over 50，000 characters in modern Chinese but luckily, Chinese children ____ not learn all of them for everyday purpose. ②When we worked in the same firm several years ago, we _____ go to the cinema together every weekend. ③—I honestly don't think I'm going to be admitted. —Well, you never know! You__________ have made a better impression than you think. ④If you _____have a cigarette, choose a seat in the first row of the smoking section. ⑤According to a newly released regulation on online video services, no one _____ generate, release or spread fake news or information by using technology. 考点二　虚拟语气 1．if条件句中的虚拟语气 类型 从句中谓语动词形式 主句中谓语动词形式 与现在事实相反 动词的过去式(be的过去式用were) should/would/could/might＋动词原形 与过去事实相反 had＋过去分词 should/would/could/might＋have＋过去分词 与将来事实相反 should/were to＋动词原形；动词的过去式 should/would/could/might＋动词原形 ◎If he had time now, he would(should/could/might) go with you. 如果他现在有时间，他会和你一起去的。(与现在事实相反) ◎If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would(should/could/might) have met the famous singer. 如果你早来几分钟，你就会见到那个著名歌手了。(与过去事实相反) ◎If it were to snow/should snow/snowed this evening, they would(should/ could/might) not go out. 如果今天晚上下雪，他们就不会出去。(与将来事实相反) 2．省略if的条件句 在if引导的虚拟条件状语从句中，当谓语动词含有had，were，should时，可以把if省略，将had，were，should提到句首，变为倒装句。 ◎Had you (＝If you had) come earlier, you would have caught the early bus. 如果你早点来，就能赶上早班车了。 ◎Were I in your position (＝If I were in your position), I wouldn't do that silly thing. 如果我处于你的位置，我就不会做那件傻事。 ◎Should it rain(＝If it should rain), I would stay at home. 如果下雨，我就待在家里。 3．错综时间虚拟条件句 当条件状语从句和主句表示的动作或行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。 ◎If you had followed the doctor's advice, you would be better now. 如果你当时遵循医生的建议的话，你现在就好多了。(从句跟过去事实相反，主句跟现在事实相反) ◎If we hadn't booked the room earlier, we would be at a loss now. 如果我们没有早点订房间，我们现在就会不知所措了。(从句跟过去事实相反，主句跟现在事实相反) 4．含蓄条件句 有时假设的情况不用条件句表达，而是用介词(短语)(but for/without)或连词(otherwise/or)来表示。 ◎Without/But for (＝If it hadn't been for) your generous help, I couldn't have gone through that bitter period. 如果没有你慷慨相助的话，我不可能熬过那段艰苦的日子。 ◎I'm really very busy，otherwise I would certainly go there with you. 我真的是太忙了，不然我就会同你一道去了。 5．名词性从句中的虚拟语气 (1)用于主语从句 在It is/was important/necessary/possible/essential/natural/strange/suggested/ ordered/advised/ requested/demanded...that...等主语从句中，从句谓语动词用“(should)＋动词原形”。 ◎It is necessary that we (should) master at least one foreign language. 我们有必要至少掌握一门外语。 (2)用于宾语从句 表示“要求、命令、建议、请求”等动词后的宾语从句中 在insist，urge，order，command，require，demand，request，suggest，advise，propose，recommend等引导的宾语从句中的谓语动词用“(should)＋动词原形” wish后的宾语从句中 与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词通常用一般过去时 与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词通常用过去完成时 与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用“could/might/would＋动词原形” would rather后的宾语从句中 与现在或将来事实相反，从句谓语动词通常用一般过去时 与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词通常用过去完成时 (3)用于表语从句和同位语从句 句子主语是suggestion, advice, proposal等名词时，that引导的表语从句中，谓语动词用“(should) ＋动词原形”；在以上名词后由that引导的同位语从句中，谓语动词用“(should)＋动词原形”。 ◎My suggestion is that we (should) try to cut back on production and reduce the amount of things we make and buy. 我的建议是我们应该尽力缩减产量，减少制造和购买物品的数量。 ◎He agreed with my suggestion that we (should) change the date of the meeting. 他同意了我提出更改会议日期的建议。 6．特定句式中的虚拟语气 句型结构 对过去的虚拟 对现在的虚拟 对将来的虚拟 if only引导的条件句及感叹句 had＋过去分词 过去式(be动词用were) would/could/should/might＋动词原形 as if/though引导的表语从句及方式状语从句 had＋过去分词 过去式(be动词用were) would/could/should/might＋动词原形 It is (high)time (that)．.. 从句中谓语动词用过去式或“should＋动词原形”，should不能省略 单句语法填空 ①He was still running with a smile on his face, as if nothing ____________ (happen)． ②There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I ___ (have) a second chance to become more involved. ③I am sorry I am very busy now. If I ___ (have) time, I would certainly go to the movies with you. ④The Antarctica is so mysteriously described by some people. If only I ________ (be) there before! ⑤If we __________ (catch) the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now. ⑥It is high time that you_______________________ (consider) that if there were no stress in your life, you would achieve a little. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．If only Edward________ (remember) to finish his homework yesterday! Today, he wouldn't be in such a hurry to complete it before class. 解析　had remembered　考查虚拟语气。根据 If only并结合语境可知，此处表示“要是昨天记得完成作业就好了”，为非真实条件句中的虚拟语气，且表示与过去事实相反，故此处应用过去完成时。 2．Gary ________ (play) but for a knee injury. It was a pity for him to miss such an important game. 解析　should/would/could/might have played　考查虚拟语气。根据but for 并结合语境可知，此处表示“要不是膝盖受伤，Gary 应该可以参加比赛”，为含蓄虚拟语气，且表示与过去事实相反，故应用should/would/could/might have＋动词­ed 形式。 3．If Mike should have a clear exercising goal, he ________ (make) full use of his time. 解析　should/would/could/might make　考查虚拟语气。根据语境可知，此处表示“如果Mike有一个明确的锻炼目标，他应该充分利用他的时间”，为非真实条件句中的虚拟语气，且表示与将来事实相反，故此处应用 should/would/could/ might＋动词原形。 4．I would rather you ________ (help) me clean the house or cook the meals than lay on the sofa all day long. 解析　had helped　考查虚拟语气。根据语境可知，此处表示“我宁愿你帮我打扫房子或做饭，而不是整天躺在沙发上”，would rather后的宾语从句使用虚拟语气，表示对过去的虚拟，故应用过去完成时。 5．If I ________ (live) out of town at that time, I would have taken up gardening as a hobby. 解析　had lived　考查虚拟语气。根据If并结合语境可知，此处表示“如果我那时住在城外，我会把园艺作为一种爱好”，为非真实条件句中的虚拟语气，且表示与过去事实相反，故此处应用过去完成时。 6．(人教选必修一U1)If I ________ (have) a chance to live my life again, I would go to university because I had a dream to become an engineer when I was young. 解析　had　考查虚拟语气。根据语境可知，此处表示“如果有机会再活一次，我会去上大学……”，为非真实条件句中的虚拟语气，与现在事实相反，故此处应用一般过去时。 7．The father had hoped that his daughter ________ (learn) to be satisfied so that the smallest joys in life appeared much bigger. 解析　would learn　考查虚拟语气。根据had hoped 并结合语境可知，此处表示“父亲希望女儿能学会满足……”，为had hoped后的宾语从句中使用虚拟语气，故应用would＋动词原形。 8．If only I ________ (become) a wonderful chef and run a restaurant on my own in the future, where I could serve my guests with love and care. 解析　would/could/might become　考查虚拟语气。根据 If only 并结合语境可知，此处表示“要是我将来能成为一名出色的厨师，自己经营一家餐馆就好了”，为非真实条件句中的虚拟语气，且表示与将来事实相反，故此处应用would/could/ might＋动词原形。 9．If you don't want to go swimming, you ________ as well stay at home. Actually, it is up to you to decide. 解析　may　考查情态动词。此处为固定用法，may as well do sth 意为“不妨做某事、还是做某事的好”。 10．Nobody knows where the jewels have gone and they ________ have been stolen. 解析　might　考查情态动词。句意：没人知道珠宝去了哪里，它们可能已经被偷了。根据句意可知，这是对过去情况不太肯定的推测，故用might。 Ⅱ.语法填空 I once made a serious mistake in my life and I will never forget it. My deskmate is a boy from the countryside, and he always admires my fluent English very much and I usually feel 1.________ (encourage) by his compliments (赞美)． One day，2.________ we learned the new word “eccentric”　in class, we 3.________ (ask) to make a sentence with it. I volunteered to do it by saying “My deskmate is an eccentric boy 4.________ clothes never fit him.”Hearing this, the whole class burst into 5.________ (laugh) and my deskmate's face turned red. 6.________ class, I learned from the teacher that my deskmate 7.________ (drop) out of school if he hadn't been helped by others. My mindless words must have hurt him 8.________ (deep)． Not until then did I realize that words could be powerful 9.________ both positive and negative ways. What we should always remember is that we should try our best not 10.________ (hurt) others if we can't always be encouraging when we speak. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者在人生中犯了一个严重的错误，一句无心的话语深深地伤害了他的同桌的故事。 1．解析　encouraged　考查形容词。feel为系动词，后跟形容词。 2．解析　when　考查从属连词。分析句子及上下文语境可知，所填词引导时间状语从句，应用when。 3．解析　were asked　考查动词的时态和语态。我们是被要求用eccentric造句，所以应用被动语态，又因事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态。 4．解析　whose　考查关系代词。所填词引导定语从句，并表示所属关系，应用whose。 5．解析　laughter　考查名词。burst into laughter意为“放声大笑”，为固定搭配。 6．解析　After　考查介词。此处指“下课后”，after class为固定表达。 7．解析　would have dropped　考查虚拟语气。从if he hadn't been helped by others可知，此处是过去时的条件句中的虚拟语气，主句谓语为“would/should/might/could have＋过去分词”，从句用“had＋过去分词”。 8．解析　deeply　考查副词。此处意为：我无心的话语一定深深地伤害了他。deep作副词指具体事物的深度，修饰带有感情色彩的动词通常用deeply。 9．解析　in　考查介词。表示“通过某种方式”通常用in...way。 10．解析　to hurt　考查动词不定式。try one's best to do sth意为“尽某人最大的努力做某事”，为固定用法。 $$