精品解析：上海市西郊学校2024-2025学年高一下学期3月阶段检测英语试题

高一第二学期英语阶段检测一 I. Listening Comprehension (19%) : Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At the airport. B. At the hotel. C. At the restaurant. D. At the railway station. 2. A. On TV. B. On the Internet. C. From the newspaper. D. From a friend. 3. A. Husband and wife. B. Policeman and driver. C. Passenger and bus conductor. D. Boss and secretary. 4. A. At 1: 00 pm. B. At 1: 30 pm. C. At 2: 00 pm. D. At 2: 30 pm. 5. A. She found it very interesting. B. She found it very boring. C. She found it enjoyable during the first 30 minutes. D. She found it enjoyable after the first 30 minutes. 6. A. Make a recovery plan. B. Find a full-time job. C. Drop out of school. D. Resign from her present job. 7. A. Shopping with his son. B. Promoting a new product. C. Buying a gift for a kid. D. Bargaining with a salesgirl. 8. A. He is always late for work. B. He is having some financial problems. C. He is not careful enough with his work. D. He loses his temper easily 9. A. It is too hot in the room. B. She wants to avoid meeting people. C. She wants to smoke a cigarette outside. D. She doesn’t like the smell of smoke inside. 10 A. Everyone in the company likes Mr. Dale. B. Mr. Dale has become director of the department. C. Mr. Dale gets on very well with his colleague. D. Mr. Dale is the focus of people’s attention. Section B Directions: In section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have ever heard. Questions 11 through13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Art history class is taught in the lecture hall. B. Mentally disabled children are taught outside the classroom. C. Professors teach through real world experiences. D. Students appreciate classroom learning. 12. A. To praise the professor. B. To support his point of view. C. To praise his friend. D. To advise us to study psychology. 13. A. Learning through firsthand experience is important. B. Students learn a lot from textbooks. C. Students develop their creativity through textbooks. D. Students get firsthand information from textbooks. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Consumers find TV advertisements too dull. B. Consumers travel more now than ever before. C. Out-of-home ads are more beautifully made. D. Out-of-home ads are easier to understand. 15. A. Quick to update. B. Pleasant to look at. C. Easy to remember. D. Convenient to obtain 16. A. Comparison of different kinds of advertising. B. New forms of effective advertising. C. The disadvantages of traditional advertising. D. Effective ways to do effective advertisements. II. Grammar and vocabulary (20%) : Grammar (10%) : Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Loss of Biodiversity Affects Human Society If a species of bee disappears forever or a particular plant is extinct, what does it have to do with us humans? Well, according to a team of international scientists, biodiversity is dropping below levels ____1____ (consider) safe for the health and happiness of human societies. The issue is that everything is inter-connected and ecosystems support our societies ____2____ they provide us with, for example, food, fibres and fuels. If species go on ____3____ (disappear), this can disturb many vital processes like crop pollination (授粉) and the decomposition (分解) of waste. A study published in the magazine Science suggests that 58% of the world’s land surface ____4____ (reduce) below this level already. These areas house 71% of the global population. Professor Andy Purvis, from Imperial College London and the Natural History Museum, ____5____ (be) one of the authors of the study. He says, “Once we’re the wrong side of the boundary, it doesn’t mean everything goes wrong immediately, ____6____ there is a significantly higher risk that things will go badly wrong.” The researchers found that grasslands, savannas and shrub lands were most affected by biodiversity loss on average. Purvis hopes this report ____7____ (become) a wake-up call to those ____8____ design policies. Here’s his warning: “Decision-makers worry a lot about economic recessions (衰退), but an ecological recession could have even ____9____ (bad) consequences — and the biodiversity damage we’ve had means we’re at risk of that happening. Until and _____10_____ we can bring biodiversity back up, we’re playing ecological roulette (轮盘赌).” 【答案】1. considered 2. because 3. disappearing 4. has been reduced 5. is 6. but 7. will become 8. who 9. worse 10. unless 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍生物多样性的丧失影响人类社会。 【1题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：根据一组国际科学家的研究，生物多样性正在下降到人类社会健康和幸福的安全水平以下。设空处为非谓语动词，“levels”与“consider”是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语，故填considered。 【2题详解】 考查原因状语从句。句意：问题是，一切都是相互联系的，生态系统支持我们的社会，因为它们为我们提供了食物、纤维和燃料等。“ecosystems support our societies”和“they provide us with…”是因果关系，故填because。 【3题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：如果物种继续消失，这可能会干扰许多重要的过程，如作物授粉和废物的分解。“go on doing sth.”表示“继续做某事”，符合句意，故填disappearing。 【4题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：发表在《科学》杂志上的一项研究表明，世界上58%的陆地表面已经下降到这一水平以下。设空处为谓语，主语“58% of the world’s land surface”和“reduce”是被动关系，且强调对现在的影响，用现在完成时的被动语态，谓语和land surface保持一致，助动词用has，故填has been reduced。 【5题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：来自伦敦帝国理工学院和自然历史博物馆的安迪·珀维斯教授是这项研究的作者之一。设空处为谓语，主语“Professor Andy Purvis”是第三人称单数，描述现在的情况，用一般现在时，be动词用is，故填is。 【6题详解】 考查连词。句意：他说：“一旦我们走到了错误的一边，并不意味着一切都会立刻出错，但事情严重出错的风险要高得多”“Once we’re the wrong side of the boundary”和“there is a significantly higher risk…”是转折关系，故填but。 【7题详解】 考查时态。句意：珀维斯希望这份报告能给那些制定政策的人敲响警钟。设空处为谓语，“this report”和“become”是主动关系，且表示将来的动作，用一般将来时，故will become。 【8题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：同上。设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词“those”指人，关系词在从句中作主语，用“who”引导定语从句，故填who。 【9题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：他的警告是：“决策者非常担心经济衰退，但生态衰退可能会产生更糟糕的后果——我们已经遭受的生物多样性破坏意味着我们正面临这种情况发生的风险。除非我们能够恢复生物多样性，否则我们就是在玩生态轮盘赌。” 根据even可知，此处应用比较级，bad 的比较级是worse，表示“更糟糕的”，故填worse。 【10题详解】 考查条件状语从句。句意：同上。设空处引导条件状语从句，表示“除非”，故填unless。 Vocabulary (10%) : Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. contact B. keeps C. special D. crossing E. pointing F. regularly G. gesture express H. express I. effective J. perfectly K. impression Do you know before you even open your mouth in an interview, the rest of your body has already spoken volumes? More Than Words One problem with body language is that it may ____11____ what you really feel. For example, keeping your hands stuck in your pockets can give the ____12____ that you reinsecure — whether you are or not. On the contrary, strong and____13____ body language can help establish an immediate relationship with your audience, showing confidence in your message. Like Ronald Reagan, he carried himself ____14____ even on the back of a horse on his farm. He had an air of confidence, optimism and power. The Eyes Have It People want to feel ____15____. They want to feel as though you are speaking to them directly or that they are the most important person in the room during your conversation. Breaking eye ____16____ is surely a way to break the connection. Don’t let anything come between you and your listeners. ____17____ your arms, standing behind a chair, or talking to someone from behind a computer monitor are all examples of blocking, which ____18____ a real connection from taking place. Animate Yourself When you’re speaking, let your hands do some of the talking. Great speakers use hand ____19____ more than average. They move around the room, ____20____ to a slide instead of reading from it, placing their hands on someone’s shoulders instead of keeping their distance. Don’t animate your slides — animate your body! 【答案】11. H 12. K 13. I 14. J 15. C 16. A 17. D 18. B 19. G 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了在面试中如何使用肢体语言。 【11题详解】 考查动词。句意：肢体语言的一个问题是，它可能会表达你的真实感受。主语it指代“body language”，结合空后的“what you really feel”可知，此处指肢体语言表达你的真实感受，express“表达”符合语境，故选H。 【12题详解】 考查名词。句意：例如，把手插在口袋里会给人一种你没有安全感的印象——不管你是否有安全感。空处应填名词作宾语，结合句意“印象”可知使用名词impression，give the impression“给人……的印象”，故选K。 【13题详解】 考查形容词。句意：相反，有力而有效的肢体语言可以帮助你与听众建立直接的关系，显示出对你的信息的信心。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词短语body language，空处和“strong”并列，形容词effective“有效的”符合语境，故选I。 【14题详解】 考查副词。句意：就像Ronald Reagan一样，即使是在农场的马背上，他也能完美地驾驭自己。空处应填副词，修饰动词carried，结合下文“He had an air of confidence, optimism and power.(他有一种自信、乐观和力量的气质)”可知，此处指“他能完美地驾驭自己”，副词perfectly“完美地，完全地”符合语境，故选J。 【15题详解】 考查形容词。句意：人们想要感觉自己很特别。根据下文“They want to feel as though you are speaking to them directly or that they are the most important person in the room during your conversation.(他们想要感觉到你在直接和他们说话，或者在你的谈话中，他们是房间里最重要的人)”可知，此处指“人们想要感觉自己很特别”，形容词special“特别的”符合语境，作表语，故选C。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：中断眼神交流无疑是一种破坏联系的方式。空处应填名词作宾语，结合上文提到的“body language”和空后“a way to break the connection”可知，此处指“中断眼神交流”，名词contact“联系”符合语境，故选A。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：交叉双臂，站在椅子后面，或者在电脑显示器后面和别人说话都是阻碍的例子，这使真正的联系无法发生。根据“examples of blocking”可知，此处指“交叉双臂”，动词cross“交叉”符合语境，使用动名词作主语，故选D。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意同上。which指代“examples of blocking”，故此处指“阻止发生真正的联系”，keep...from doing sth“阻止……做某事”，故选B。 【19题详解】 考查名短语。句意：优秀的演讲者比一般人更多地使用手势表达。根据上文“let your hands do some of the talking”可知，此处指“手势”，gesture express“手势”，故选G。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：他们在房间里走来走去，指着幻灯片而不是看幻灯片，把手放在别人的肩膀上而不是保持距离。根据“They move around the room”可知，此处指“指着幻灯片”，point to“指向”，此处是现在分词作状语，故选E。 Ⅲ. Reading comprehension Cloze (10%) : Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. How to help your kids find a purpose? You don’t have to start with the really big questions. “Quick, what’s the meaning of life?” Many of us may not be able to answer that, but that doesn’t mean our kids don’t have questions or need answers. “The sense that your personal life is ____21____ to you is a basis of psychological well-being,” says Michael F. Steger, director of the laboratory for Meaning and Quality of Lite at Colorado State University. Not only that, it is tightly tied to being happier, more positive, more ____22____, more caring, more helpful, more resilient (坚韧), and more satisfied in your life, relationships, and work. But helping your kids find meaning doesn’t mean parents have to ____23____ all life’s ancient mysteries, Steger says. The trick is to understand the difference between the meaning of life and the meaning in life. “We do not have to start with the biggest and most troubling questions about our lives,” Steger says. “We can start with trying to ____24____ how, today, right now, we are going to do one thing that makes the story of our lives more positive, or makes a positive difference to someone else.” With kids in ____25____ school, Steger says. “At the most basic level, our best hopes for our children are that they feel their lives matter and that they ____26____ .” To start conversations along those lines, says Steger, “You can ask questions about what they think their best ____27____ or strengths are, whether they have good relationships with other people, whether they care about others. You can ask them about times when they have made a difference, made someone feel better, felt ____28____ for doing something, or helped someone out. All of these kinds of questions can start a conversation about your kid’s unique way of being in and contributing to the world. ” In middle school, says Steger, “Kids are being exposed to ideas, behaviors, assumptions, and priorities that might be completely different from the ones they have always assumed were true.” So for kids this age, parents can start conversations focusing on how your children’s sense of who they are, how they related to others and what life is has been ____29____. By high school, according to Steger, “We hope our children see how much their lives matter, see that they are at the beginning of an exciting and strengthening life story, and have some slight ideas about ____30____.” But the question of what you want to do with your life is too big for a single conversation, says Steger. Instead, he encourages parents to have frequent, smaller conversations with their kids about how they view themselves and their lives, and what kind of impact they would like to make. 21. A. significant B. decisive C. meaningful D. useful 22. A. confident B. cautious C. intelligent D. special 23. A. discover B. present C. memorize D. solve 24. A. look for B. pick up C. deal with D. figure out 25. A. junior B. advanced C. elementary D. senior 26. A. make a difference B. spare no effort C. take the initiative D. make a living 27. A. specialties B. qualities C. features D. performances 28. A. appreciated B. prepared C. understood D. well-known 29. A. improving B. strengthening C. appearing D. changing 30. A. truth B. purpose C. positivity D. contribution 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。个人生活对你有意义，这是心理健康的基础，它还与更快乐、更积极、更自信、更有爱心、更有帮助、更有弹性、对生活、人际关系和工作更满意紧密相关。因此文章主要从小学、中学和高中孩子的三个阶段来说明如何帮助孩子找到自己生命的意义。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“个人生活对自己有意义的感觉是心理健康的基础，”科罗拉多州立大学生命意义与质量实验室主任Michael F. Steger说。A. significant重要的；B. decisive关键的；C. meaningful有意义的；D. useful有用的。根据上文“what’s the meaning of life?”可知，此处指心理健康的基础应当是一个人觉得自己的生活有意义，故选C。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不仅如此，它还能让你在生活、人际关系和工作中更快乐、更积极、更自信、更关心他人、更乐于助人、更有弹性、更满意。A. confident自信的；B. cautious谨慎的；C. intelligent聪明的；D. special特殊的。结合“happier, more positive”和“more caring, more helpful, more resilient (坚韧), and more satisfied”可推知，空处应为表达积极意义的形容词，confident符合语境，故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但Steger说，帮助孩子找到生命的意义并不意味着父母必须解开生命中所有古老的谜团。A. discover发现；B. present提出；C. memorize记住；D. solve解决。根据下文“all life’s ancient mysteries”可知，此处指解开生活的谜团，故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们可以从试着弄清楚，今天，现在，我们要如何做一件事，让我们的生活变得更积极，或者对别人产生积极的影响。A. look for寻找；B. pick up捡起；C. deal with处理；D. figure out弄清楚。结合上文“The trick is to understand the difference between the meaning of life and the meaning in life.(关键是要理解生命的意义和生活中的意义之间的区别)”和下文“how, today, right now, we are going to do one thing…”可知，上文提到关键是要理解生命的意义和生活中的意义之间的区别，故此处指从“弄清楚”如何去做一件事开始，故选D。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Steger说，对于上小学的孩子，“在最基本的层面上，我们对孩子们最大的希望是，他们觉得自己的生活很重要，他们能有所作为。”A. junior青少年的；B. advanced高级的；C. elementary初级的，基础的；D. senior级别高的。根据下文“At the most basic level”可知，此处指小学，elementary school“小学”，对照下文“In middle school”“By high school”，故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. make a difference有影响，起作用；B. spare no effort不遗余力；C. take the initiative采取主动；D. make a living谋生。根据空前的“matter”和下文“You can ask them about times when they have made a difference, made someone feel better(你可以问问他们什么时候有所作为了，什么时候让别人感觉更好)”可知，此处指他们能有所作为，make a difference和下文是短语复现，故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：要开始这样的对话，Steger说，“你可以问他们认为自己最好的品质或优势是什么，他们是否与他人有良好的关系，他们是否关心他人。”A. specialties专业；B. qualities品质，品德；C. features特点；D. performances表演。结合下文“or strengths”可知是问他们认为自己最好的品质或优点是什么，故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词和形容词词义辨析。句意：你可以问问他们什么时候有所作为了，什么时候让别人感觉更好，什么时候因为做某事而感觉被感激，什么时候帮助了别人。A. appreciated感激；B. prepared准备好的；C. understood理解；D. well-known著名的。结合下文“for doing something, or helped someone out.”可知是因为做了什么事情而感觉被感激，故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，对于这个年龄的孩子，父母可以开始讨论孩子对自己是谁的感觉，他们如何与他人联系，以及生活是如何变化的。A. improving提高，改善；B. strengthening加强；C. appearing出现；D. changing改变。结合上文“Kids are being exposed to ideas, behaviors, assumptions, and priorities that might be completely different from the ones they have always assumed were true.(孩子们接触到的想法、行为、假设和优先顺序可能与他们一直认为正确的完全不同)”可知上了中学，孩子们接触到的想法、行为、假设和优先事项可能与他们一直认为的完全不同，因此他们之前对自我认知的感觉也一直在改变，故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Steger说，到了高中，“我们希望我们孩子看到他们的生活有多重要，看到他们正处于一个令人兴奋和充实的人生故事的开始，并对人生目标有一些小小的想法。”A. truth真理；B. purpose目的；C. positivity积极性；D. contribution贡献。结合文章首句“How to help your kids find a purpose?(如何帮助你的孩子找到目标？)”可知，高中阶段的孩子们对人生目标有了一些细微的认识，故选B。 Reading Comprehension (24%) : Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A What do you want to be when you grow up? A teacher? A doctor? How about an ice-cream taster? Yes, there really is a job where you can get paid to taste ice cream. Just ask John Harrison, an “Official Taste Tester” for the past 21 years. Testing helps producers to be sure of a product’s quality. During his career Harrison has been responsible for approving large quantities of the sweet ice cream –as well as for developing over 75 flavors(味道). Some people think that it would be easy to do this job; after all, you just have to like ice cream, right? No — there’s more to the job than that, says Harrison, who has a degree in chemistry. He points out that a dairy or food-science degree would be very useful to someone wanting a career in this “cool” field. In a typical morning on the job, Harrison tastes and rates 60 ice-cream samples. He lets the ice cream warm up to about 12 F. Harrisonexplains, “You get more flavor from warmer ice cream, which is why some kids like to stir it, creating ice-cream soup.” While the ice cream warms up, Harrison looks over the samples and grades each one on its appearance. “Tasting begins with the eyes,”he explains. He checks to see if the ice cream is attractive and asks himself, “Does the product have the colour expected from that flavor?”Next it’s time to taste! Continuing to think up new ideas, try out new flavors, and test samples from so many kinds of ice cream each day keeps Harrison busy but happy – working at once cool job. 31. What is John Harrison’s job? A. An official. B. An ice-cream taster. C. A chemist. D. An ice-cream producer 32. According to John Harrison, to be qualified(有资格的) in the “cool field”, it is helpful to . A. keep a diary of work. B. have a degree in related subjects. C. have new ideas every day. D. find out new flavors each day. 33. What does Harrison do first when testing ice cream? A. He stirs the ice cream. B. He examines the colour of the ice cream. C He tastes the flavor of the ice cream. D. He lets the ice cream warm up. 34. Which of the following is probably the best title of the passage? A. Tasting with Eyes. B. Flavors of Ice Cream. C. John Harrison’s Life. D. One Cool Job. 【答案】31. B 32. B 33. D 34. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文以John Harrison为例子介绍了一个品尝冰淇淋的职业，并说明这份工作的要求和工作过程。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段Yes, there really is a job where you can get paid to taste ice cream. Just ask John Harrison, an “Official Taste Tester” for the past 21 years可知，John就是通过品尝冰淇淋获得收入的人，也就是冰淇淋品尝家。故选B项。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段He points out that a dairy or food-science degree would be very useful to someone wanting a career in this “cool” field可知，他指出，乳品或食品科学学位对那些想在这个“酷”领域工作的人来说是非常有用的。所以想要从事这个行业的人，要有相关学科学位。故选B项。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段He lets the ice cream warm up to about 12 F. Harrison explains, “You get more flavor from warmer ice cream”可知，他让冰激凌加热到12华氏度，哈里森解释说：“你可以从更热的冰激凌中得到更多的味道，所以他哈里森在测试冰激凌时首先要把冰淇淋加热。故选D项。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文以John Harrison为例子介绍了一个品尝冰淇淋的职业，并说明这份工作的要求和工作过程。所以用cool是双关语，表示“凉爽而酷的工作”，所以短文的最佳标题是“ 一个很酷的工作”。故选D项。 B Most people agree that honesty is a good thing. But does Mother Nature agree? Animals can’t talk, but can they lie in other ways? Can they lie with their bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call it lying, but they do agree that many animals, from birds to chimpanzees, behave dishonestly to fool other animals. Why? Dishonesty often helps them survive. Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals. For example, a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young. When a predator(猎食动物) gets close to its nest, the plover leads the predator away from the nest. How? It pretends to have a broken wing. The predator follows the “hurt” adult, leaving the baby birds safe in the nest. Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays are also thieves. They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when a thief is watching them. So they go back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else. Birds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work. How? They don’t make nests. Instead, they get into other birds’ nests secretly. Then they lay their eggs and fly away. When the baby birds come out, their adoptive parents feed them. Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimp will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimp puts out its hand, too, the chimps are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winner’s hand and start fighting again. Chimps are sneaky in other ways, too. When chimps find food that they love, such as bananas, it is natural for them to cry out. Then other chimps come running. But some clever chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimps don’t hear them, and they don’t need to share their food. As children, many of us learn the saying “You can’t fool Mother Nature.” But maybe you can’t trust her, either. 35. A plover protects its young from a predator by ________. A. getting closer to its young B. driving away the adult predator C. leaving its young in another nest D. pretending to be injured 36. By “Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky” (paragraph5), the author means ________. A. chimps are ready to attack others B. chimps are sometimes dishonest C. chimps are jealous of the winners D. chimps can be selfish too 37. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. Some chimps lower their cry to keep food away from others. B. The losing chimp won the fight by taking the winner's hand. C. Cuckoos fool their adoptive parents by making no nests. D. Some clever scrub jays often steal their food back. 38. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Do animals lie? B. Does Mother Nature fool animals? C. How do animals learn to lie? D. How does honesty help animals survive? 【答案】35. D 36. B 37. A 38. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过列举了一些鸟类和大猩猩的例子，说明动物有时会撒谎，这也是它们生存的需要。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句话a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young.可知，啄木鸟保护孩子不受猎食动物侵害是通过假装受伤，故选D。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段的最后一个句子But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winner’s hand and start fighting again.可知，动物专家看到一个输了的黑猩猩抓住获胜的黑猩猩的手又开始打斗了，所以这句话说大猩猩也可能不诚实，故选B。 37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段中But some clever chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimps don’t hear them, and they don’t need to share their food.可知，一些大猩猩放低它们的叫声，这样让别的大猩猩得不到食物，故选A。 【38题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全篇文章的内容和第一段中Can they lie with their bodies and behavior?可知，这篇文章讲的是动物也会撒谎，故选A。 【点睛】推理判断型 推理判断题属于高层次阅读理解题。这种题型包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。做好该题型要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外之音”。推理判断题常常可以分为如下几类：(1)细节推断。如时间、地点、人物关系等；(2)逻辑推断。根据已知的结果推断导致结果产生的可能原因；(3)目的、意图、态度推断。根据文章的论述，推断作者的写作目的以及作者的情感态度；(4)预测想象推断。文章没有明确说明，要求根据语篇对文章可能涉及的内容进行预测判断。例如：本题中的第2小题。 【解题剖析】此题属于推理判断型中的（2）逻辑推断。根据已知的结果推断导致结果产生的可能原因。 【答案定位】根据第五段的最后一个句子“But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winner's hand and start fighting again.”一个输了的大猩猩抓住获胜的大猩猩的手又开始打斗了，可知这句话的意思是大猩猩也可能不诚实。 C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. What do you want to be when you grow up? I’m sure you were asked this question at least once when you were a youngster. When asked the question, did you have an answer at the ready or did you need a few minutes to think about it? We all have dreams of becoming something great, like a fireman, a scientist, or a rock star. Well, how did you do? Maybe you never aspired (渴望) to be what you set out to be or said that you would become. ____39____ The older we get, our tastes change, our view of the world changes even our goals change. One of the most important lessons I’ve learned during my career path is to do something you love to do. I feel that if you enjoy what you make a living at, you end up being happy in more ways than one. ____40____ While no job or business is perfect, the important thing is to enjoy it, even learn from it. If you are unhappy in your current situation, why not take steps now to change it? ____41____ If you are already there, I applaud you. If not, realize that it may take some time to figure out what you really want to do, and even more time to actually get there. That’s all right! I can tell you from experience that finding and doing what you love are absolutely worth it. All of the research, training, and hands-on experience have made me a stronger, happier person. ____42____You’ll be happier for it, trust me. I promise you will never look back. A. Life itself becomes much more interesting and fun. B. Do what you love and love what you do. C. But then again things change. D. Somewhere out there is a job or business that is perfect for you. 【答案】39. C 40. B 41. D 42. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们在成长过程中对职业梦想的变化，并强调了从事自己热爱的工作的重要性。 【39题详解】 根据下文“The older we get, our tastes change, our view of the world changes even our goals change.(随着年龄的增长，我们的品味会改变，我们对世界的看法会改变，甚至我们的目标也会改变)”可知，下文在具体说明很多事情都在变化。故C选项“但事情又发生了变化”切题。故选C。 【40题详解】 根据上文“One of the most important lessons I’ve learned during my career path is to do something you love to do.(在我的职业生涯中，我学到的最重要的一课就是做你喜欢做的事情)”可知，空处强调了做自己热爱的事情的重要性。故B选项“做你喜欢的事，爱你所做的事”切题。故选B。 【41题详解】 根据第三段“If you are unhappy in your current situation, why not take steps now to change it?(如果你对现状不满意，为什么不现在就采取行动改变它呢？)”可知，作者建议人们去寻找适合自己的工作或事业。故D选项“总有一份工作或生意非常适合你”切题。故选D。 【42题详解】 根据下文“You’ll be happier for it, trust me. I promise you will never look back.(你会因此更快乐，相信我。我保证你永远不会后悔)”可知，选项承接下文说明生活的意义。故A选项“生活本身变得更加有意思和有趣”切题。故选A。 VI. Translation (12%) : 43. 他因经常帮助社区老人而受到表扬。(praise) （汉译英） 【答案】He was praised for constantly helping the elderly in the community. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、语态和非谓语动词。根据句意可知，本句在陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，因做某事被表扬为“be praise for doing sth.”,帮助社区老人为“help the elderly in the community”，置于介词for之后用动名词形式。故翻译为：He was praised for constantly helping the elderly in the community. 44. 许多家长关心孩子们在校上课是否专心。 (concern v. ) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Many parents are concerned about whether their children concentrate in class at school. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和宾语从句。“许多家长”译为many parents，“关心”使用固定短语be concerned about，“孩子们在校上课是否专心”使用whether引导宾语从句，“孩子们”译为their children，“专心”使用动词concentrate，“在校上课”译为in class at school，句子是描述一个事实，使用一般现在时，故翻译为：Many parents are concerned about whether their children concentrate in class at school. 45. 由于全球化，许多语言正在以惊人的速度消失。 (thanks to) __________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Thanks to globalization many languages are disappearing at an alarming rate. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和现在进行时。“由于”使用固定短语thanks to，“全球化”使用名词globalization，“许多语言”译为many languages，作主语，“消失”使用动词disappear，“以惊人的速度”使用固定短语at an alarming rate，句子是描述正在发生的事情，使用现在进行时，主语表示复数意义，be动词使用are，故翻译为Thanks to globalization, many languages are disappearing at an alarming rate. V. Writing (15%) Directions: Write an English paragraph in at least 120 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 46. 你对学习京剧感兴趣，你发现了一个短期培训课程的广告。写一封正式的电子邮件，用大约120个字进行询问。您可以参考下面的指南。 (the classic arias in the vintage collections 复古系列中的经典咏叹调) Join an online discussion group that will help you get basic knowledge of Beijing opera. You will be able to talk to the masters of Beijing opera in live chats and learn to appreciate the classic arias in the vintage collections of the best Beijing opera recordings. Write to us at talkingtomaster@123456xyz. www 邮件开头如下： From: Li He Date: 11 Mar To: Beijing opera online class Dear Sir or Madam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】From: Li He Date: 11 Mar To: Beijing opera online class Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to inquire about the short-term training course on Beijing opera that I saw advertised. I am very interested in learning more about this traditional art form and would like to know more details about the course. Specifically, I would like to know the duration of the course, the schedule of the live chats with the masters, and how I can access the classic arias in the vintage collections. Additionally, I would appreciate any information on the cost of the course and the registration process. Thank you for your time and assistance. I look forward to your reply. Sincerely, Li He 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封电子邮件咨询在广告上看到的短期京剧培训课程。 【详解】1.词汇积累 想要做：would like to do→feel like doing 此外：additionally→what’s more 帮助：assistance→help 访问：access→get access to 2.句式拓展 并列句变复合句 原句：I am very interested in learning more about this traditional art form and would like to know more details about the course. 拓展句：I am so interested in learning more about this traditional art form that I would like to know more details about the course. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I am writing to inquire about the short-term training course on Beijing opera that I saw advertised.（运用了that引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】Specifically, I would like to know the duration of the course, the schedule of the live chats with the masters, and how I can access the classic arias in the vintage collections.（运用了how引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高一第二学期英语阶段检测一 I. Listening Comprehension (19%) : Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At the airport. B. At the hotel. C. At the restaurant. D. At the railway station. 2. A. On TV. B. On the Internet. C. From the newspaper. D. From a friend. 3. A. Husband and wife. B. Policeman and driver. C. Passenger and bus conductor. D. Boss and secretary. 4. A. At 1: 00 pm. B. At 1: 30 pm. C. At 2: 00 pm. D. At 2: 30 pm. 5. A. She found it very interesting. B. She found it very boring. C. She found it enjoyable during the first 30 minutes. D. She found it enjoyable after the first 30 minutes. 6. A. Make a recovery plan. B. Find a full-time job. C. Drop out of school. D. Resign from her present job. 7. A. Shopping with his son. B. Promoting a new product. C. Buying a gift for a kid. D. Bargaining with a salesgirl. 8. A. He is always late for work. B. He is having some financial problems. C. He is not careful enough with his work. D. He loses his temper easily 9. A. It is too hot in the room. B. She wants to avoid meeting people. C. She wants to smoke a cigarette outside. D. She doesn’t like the smell of smoke inside. 10. A. Everyone in the company likes Mr. Dale. B. Mr. Dale has become director of the department. C. Mr. Dale gets on very well with his colleague. D. Mr. Dale is the focus of people’s attention. Section B Directions: In section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have ever heard. Questions 11 through13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Art history class is taught in the lecture hall. B. Mentally disabled children are taught outside the classroom. C. Professors teach through real world experiences. D. Students appreciate classroom learning. 12. A. To praise the professor. B. To support his point of view. C. To praise his friend. D. To advise us to study psychology. 13. A. Learning through firsthand experience is important. B. Students learn a lot from textbooks. C. Students develop their creativity through textbooks. D. Students get firsthand information from textbooks. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Consumers find TV advertisements too dull. B. Consumers travel more now than ever before. C. Out-of-home ads are more beautifully made. D Out-of-home ads are easier to understand. 15. A. Quick to update. B. Pleasant to look at. C. Easy to remember. D. Convenient to obtain 16. A. Comparison of different kinds of advertising. B. New forms of effective advertising. C. The disadvantages of traditional advertising. D. Effective ways to do effective advertisements. II. Grammar and vocabulary (20%) : Grammar (10%) : Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Loss of Biodiversity Affects Human Society If a species of bee disappears forever or a particular plant is extinct, what does it have to do with us humans? Well, according to a team of international scientists, biodiversity is dropping below levels ____1____ (consider) safe for the health and happiness of human societies. The issue is that everything is inter-connected and ecosystems support our societies ____2____ they provide us with, for example, food, fibres and fuels. If species go on ____3____ (disappear), this can disturb many vital processes like crop pollination (授粉) and the decomposition (分解) of waste. A study published in the magazine Science suggests that 58% of the world’s land surface ____4____ (reduce) below this level already. These areas house 71% of the global population. Professor Andy Purvis, from Imperial College London and the Natural History Museum, ____5____ (be) one of the authors of the study. He says, “Once we’re the wrong side of the boundary, it doesn’t mean everything goes wrong immediately, ____6____ there is a significantly higher risk that things will go badly wrong.” The researchers found that grasslands, savannas and shrub lands were most affected by biodiversity loss on average. Purvis hopes this report ____7____ (become) a wake-up call to those ____8____ design policies. Here’s his warning: “Decision-makers worry a lot about economic recessions (衰退), but an ecological recession could have even ____9____ (bad) consequences — and the biodiversity damage we’ve had means we’re at risk of that happening. Until and _____10_____ we can bring biodiversity back up, we’re playing ecological roulette (轮盘赌).” Vocabulary (10%) : Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. contact B. keeps C. special D. crossing E. pointing F. regularly G. gesture express H. express I. effective J. perfectly K. impression Do you know before you even open your mouth in an interview, the rest of your body has already spoken volumes? More Than Words One problem with body language is that it may ____11____ what you really feel. For example, keeping your hands stuck in your pockets can give the ____12____ that you reinsecure — whether you are or not. On the contrary, strong and____13____ body language can help establish an immediate relationship with your audience, showing confidence in your message. Like Ronald Reagan, he carried himself ____14____ even on the back of a horse on his farm. He had an air of confidence, optimism and power. The Eyes Have It People want to feel ____15____. They want to feel as though you are speaking to them directly or that they are the most important person in the room during your conversation. Breaking eye ____16____ is surely a way to break the connection. Don’t let anything come between you and your listeners. ____17____ your arms, standing behind a chair, or talking to someone from behind a computer monitor are all examples of blocking, which ____18____ a real connection from taking place. Animate Yourself When you’re speaking, let your hands do some of the talking. Great speakers use hand ____19____ more than average. They move around the room, ____20____ to a slide instead of reading from it, placing their hands on someone’s shoulders instead of keeping their distance. Don’t animate your slides — animate your body! Ⅲ. Reading comprehension Cloze (10%) : Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. How to help your kids find a purpose? You don’t have to start with the really big questions. “Quick what’s the meaning of life?” Many of us may not be able to answer that, but that doesn’t mean our kids don’t have questions or need answers. “The sense that your personal life is ____21____ to you is a basis of psychological well-being,” says Michael F. Steger, director of the laboratory for Meaning and Quality of Lite at Colorado State University. Not only that, it is tightly tied to being happier, more positive, more ____22____, more caring, more helpful, more resilient (坚韧), and more satisfied in your life, relationships, and work. But helping your kids find meaning doesn’t mean parents have to ____23____ all life’s ancient mysteries, Steger says. The trick is to understand the difference between the meaning of life and the meaning in life. “We do not have to start with the biggest and most troubling questions about our lives,” Steger says. “We can start with trying to ____24____ how, today, right now, we are going to do one thing that makes the story of our lives more positive, or makes a positive difference to someone else.” With kids in ____25____ school, Steger says. “At the most basic level, our best hopes for our children are that they feel their lives matter and that they ____26____ .” To start conversations along those lines, says Steger, “You can ask questions about what they think their best ____27____ or strengths are, whether they have good relationships with other people, whether they care about others. You can ask them about times when they have made a difference, made someone feel better, felt ____28____ for doing something, or helped someone out. All of these kinds of questions can start a conversation about your kid’s unique way of being in and contributing to the world. ” In middle school, says Steger, “Kids are being exposed to ideas, behaviors, assumptions, and priorities that might be completely different from the ones they have always assumed were true.” So for kids this age, parents can start conversations focusing on how your children’s sense of who they are, how they related to others and what life is has been ____29____. By high school according to Steger, “We hope our children see how much their lives matter, see that they are at the beginning of an exciting and strengthening life story, and have some slight ideas about ____30____.” But the question of what you want to do with your life is too big for a single conversation, says Steger. Instead, he encourages parents to have frequent, smaller conversations with their kids about how they view themselves and their lives, and what kind of impact they would like to make. 21. A. significant B. decisive C. meaningful D. useful 22. A. confident B. cautious C. intelligent D. special 23. A. discover B. present C. memorize D. solve 24. A. look for B. pick up C. deal with D. figure out 25. A. junior B. advanced C. elementary D. senior 26. A. make a difference B. spare no effort C. take the initiative D. make a living 27. A. specialties B. qualities C. features D. performances 28. A. appreciated B. prepared C. understood D. well-known 29. A. improving B. strengthening C. appearing D. changing 30. A. truth B. purpose C. positivity D. contribution Reading Comprehension (24%) : Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A What do you want to be when you grow up? A teacher? A doctor? How about an ice-cream taster? Yes, there really is a job where you can get paid to taste ice cream. Just ask John Harrison, an “Official Taste Tester” for the past 21 years. Testing helps producers to be sure of a product’s quality. During his career Harrison has been responsible for approving large quantities of the sweet ice cream –as well as for developing over 75 flavors(味道). Some people think that it would be easy to do this job; after all, you just have to like ice cream, right? No — there’s more to the job than that, says Harrison, who has a degree in chemistry. He points out that a dairy or food-science degree would be very useful to someone wanting a career in this “cool” field. In a typical morning on the job, Harrison tastes and rates 60 ice-cream samples. He lets the ice cream warm up to about 12 F. Harrisonexplains, “You get more flavor from warmer ice cream, which is why some kids like to stir it, creating ice-cream soup.” While the ice cream warms up, Harrison looks over the samples and grades each one on its appearance. “Tasting begins with the eyes,”he explains. He checks to see if the ice cream is attractive and asks himself, “Does the product have the colour expected from that flavor?”Next it’s time to taste! Continuing to think up new ideas, try out new flavors, and test samples from so many kinds of ice cream each day keeps Harrison busy but happy – working at once cool job. 31. What is John Harrison’s job? A. An official. B. An ice-cream taster. C. A chemist. D. An ice-cream producer 32. According to John Harrison, to be qualified(有资格的) in the “cool field”, it is helpful to . A. keep a diary of work. B. have a degree in related subjects. C. have new ideas every day. D. find out new flavors each day. 33 What does Harrison do first when testing ice cream? A. He stirs the ice cream. B. He examines the colour of the ice cream. C. He tastes the flavor of the ice cream. D. He lets the ice cream warm up. 34. Which of the following is probably the best title of the passage? A. Tasting with Eyes. B. Flavors of Ice Cream. C. John Harrison’s Life. D. One Cool Job. B Most people agree that honesty is a good thing. But does Mother Nature agree? Animals can’t talk but can they lie in other ways? Can they lie with their bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call it lying, but they do agree that many animals, from birds to chimpanzees, behave dishonestly to fool other animals. Why? Dishonesty often helps them survive. Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals. For example, a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young. When a predator(猎食动物) gets close to its nest, the plover leads the predator away from the nest. How? It pretends to have a broken wing. The predator follows the “hurt” adult, leaving the baby birds safe in the nest. Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays are also thieves. They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when a thief is watching them. So they go back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else. Birds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work. How? They don’t make nests. Instead, they get into other birds’ nests secretly. Then they lay their eggs and fly away. When the baby birds come out, their adoptive parents feed them. Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimp will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimp puts out its hand, too, the chimps are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winner’s hand and start fighting again. Chimps are sneaky in other ways, too. When chimps find food that they love, such as bananas, it is natural for them to cry out. Then other chimps come running. But some clever chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimps don’t hear them, and they don’t need to share their food. As children, many of us learn the saying “You can’t fool Mother Nature.” But maybe you can’t trust her, either. 35. A plover protects its young from a predator by ________. A. getting closer to its young B. driving away the adult predator C. leaving its young in another nest D. pretending to be injured 36. By “Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky” (paragraph5), the author means ________. A. chimps are ready to attack others B. chimps are sometimes dishonest C. chimps are jealous of the winners D. chimps can be selfish too 37. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. Some chimps lower their cry to keep food away from others. B. The losing chimp won the fight by taking the winner's hand. C. Cuckoos fool their adoptive parents by making no nests. D. Some clever scrub jays often steal their food back. 38. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Do animals lie? B. Does Mother Nature fool animals? C. How do animals learn to lie? D. How does honesty help animals survive? C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. What do you want to be when you grow up? I’m sure you were asked this question at least once when you were a youngster. When asked the question, did you have an answer at the ready or did you need a few minutes to think about it? We all have dreams of becoming something great, like a fireman, a scientist, or a rock star. Well, how did you do? Maybe you never aspired (渴望) to be what you set out to be or said that you would become. ____39____ The older we get, our tastes change, our view of the world changes even our goals change. One of the most important lessons I’ve learned during my career path is to do something you love to do. I feel that if you enjoy what you make a living at, you end up being happy in more ways than one. ____40____ While no job or business is perfect, the important thing is to enjoy it, even learn from it. If you are unhappy in your current situation, why not take steps now to change it? ____41____ If you are already there, I applaud you. If not, realize that it may take some time to figure out what you really want to do, and even more time to actually get there. That’s all right! I can tell you from experience that finding and doing what you love are absolutely worth it. All of the research, training, and hands-on experience have made me a stronger, happier person. ____42____You’ll be happier for it, trust me. I promise you will never look back. A. Life itself becomes much more interesting and fun. B. Do what you love and love what you do. C. But then again things change. D. Somewhere out there is a job or business that is perfect for you. VI. Translation (12%) : 43. 他因经常帮助社区老人而受到表扬。(praise) （汉译英） 44. 许多家长关心孩子们在校上课是否专心。 (concern v. ) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 45. 由于全球化，许多语言正在以惊人的速度消失。 (thanks to) __________________________________________________________________________________ V. Writing (15%) Directions: Write an English paragraph in at least 120 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 46. 你对学习京剧感兴趣，你发现了一个短期培训课程的广告。写一封正式的电子邮件，用大约120个字进行询问。您可以参考下面的指南。 (the classic arias in the vintage collections 复古系列中的经典咏叹调) Join an online discussion group that will help you get basic knowledge of Beijing opera. You will be able to talk to the masters of Beijing opera in live chats and learn to appreciate the classic arias in the vintage collections of the best Beijing opera recordings. Write to us at talkingtomaster@123456xyz. www 邮件开头如下： From: Li He Date: 11 Mar To: Beijing opera online class Dear Sir or Madam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$