课时作业8 UNIT 8 Section Ⅳ LESSON 2 & LESSON 3-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册（北师大版2024）

课时作业（八）UNT8 答案精解P Section N LESSON2&LESSON3(限时：40分钟) 层级一 语用巩固 [.单句语法填空 3.In these rural areas,people 1. (evident),it has nothing to do with each other for survival. social background. 4.He could tell what was wrong. 5.At last,a sudden recollection seemed to 2.The company locked out the workers,and then the him. rest of the work force went strike. 6.A sucoessful gradution ceremony shall 3 (construct)on the bridge has really students pride and hope. slowed the traffic. 7.I had enough time to answer all 4.This was my big chance and I (grab) the questions. it with both hands. 8.As she rightly pointed out,the illness can affect 5.Anne was intelligent and capable of passing her adults children. exams ease. Ⅲ，单句写作 6.I remember loving to go there,just wander 1.He behaved and look at all the toys. 他表现得若无其事。 7. (continue)exposure to sound above 2 she sat down for a cup 80 decibels could be harmful. of tea. 8.There is great public concern about some of the 她干完了活，坐下来喝茶。 chemicals used in food (preserve). 3.It was I will never forget. 9.Winter is a good time to plant trees,but make 它是如此美丽，我将水远不会忘记。 sure the ground is not (freeze). 4.He had a deep voice, 10.I looked around in desperate). in our small town. waiting to catch the eye of someone who could 他有一副低沉的嗓音，这使他在我们这个小镇上与 众不同。 get me out and save me. 5.She kept Ⅱ.选词填空 until they were out of sight. fill...with.depend on.nothing like,flash upon. 她一直向丈夫和女儿挥手，直到看不见他们。 at a glance,as well as,in desperation,wake up 6.As I began to eat.I looked around at the other 1.She and stretched lazily tables and he returned home and knocked 当我开始吃的时候，我环顾了一下其他的桌子，看 at the door. 到另一个女孩独自坐在那里。 ·111 层级二 素养提升 N.阅读 such an amazing design.For years,the structure was The Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore. a huge mystery about how the dome was built. completed in 1436,is the most important landmark 1.Why did the church remain unfinished for a long time? in Florence,Italy,and the fourth largest church in A.It was waiting for the chosen one for the task. the world. B.It went too far away from the original plan. The most famous C.The wood,labor and time were not enough. part of the church D.The tools and machines had not been invented. is the dome(穹顶). 2.Why did Brunelleschi get the judges'attention? It was created by A.He was a trained goldsmith. the genius of the B.He had a gift for invention. Renaissance(文艺 C.He raised a different design. 复兴)，Filippo Brunelleschi,who showed a great D.He was good at calculation. mastery of technical knowledge.Interestingly, 3.In which year was the dome completed? Brunelleschi had been a trained goldsmith()and had A.1418. B.1420. C.1434.D.1436 never built anything in his life before building the 4.What does the underlined word "secretive"mean masterpiece.This may sound crazy,but in many ways in the last paragraph? we look at the relation between Brunelleschi and the A.Not outgoing in personality. church.it seemed that he was "the chosen one"to B.Creative in imagination. complete the construction. C.Not afraid when making decisions. When he was born in 1377,the church had been D.Energetic when working. under construction for 80 years with no solution to V.完形填空 the dome-shaped roof.The building of the church Shikumen Residence had grown so larger and grander than the original Typical Shikumen Residence is regarded as the plans that no one had any idea how it would or could most representative house style of Shanghai.This be done.In 1418 a public competition was announced sort of residence combines the I styles of southern for the construction of the dome.Of course,there China and western countries. was the possibility of building the dome with a These residences can date back to the 1870s, wooden structure to support it,but that would end when the Taiping Rebellion against the 2 of the up being costly requiring over 400 trees,lots of Qing Dynasty broke out.Due to the warfare,the manpower and time.When Brunelleschi entered the businessmen.ministers and wealthy people moved to competition,he was the only one with an idea that the concession()for protection.As a result,many did not use wood,which caught the attention of the foreign 3 businessmen had many residences built judges.Brunelleschi did many mathematical calculations to earn money. and invented a lot of new tools and machines for the Construction Features of Shikumen Residence project,which was started two years after he won Shikumen Residence is usually a two-floor the competition.He finished the dome in only sixteen building constructed with bricks and wood.As the years,which was shockingly fast back in his time. residences are usually linked,a lane naturally comes Always known as a secretive person,Brunelleschi into being.Two copper door-knockers 4 in the didn't leave a single building plan,drawing,or even whole lane when they are struck.5 the stone a letter behind on how he managed to come up with gate,you enter a patio().Right in front of the ·112· patio,there is a living room where the hosts meet or 9.A.Struggle B.Popularity treat their 6.Passing through the living room. C.Development D.Conservation another patio appears. 10.A.took for B.accounted for Under the influence of western architecture,the C.occupied for D.cared for doors and outside walls were gradually 7 with 11.A.Due to B.In spite of the are-shaped or rectangular carvings and paintings. C.Other than D.Apart from So.from the outside,the block of residences looks 12.A.turned out B.died out like western-style townhouses.8,the lintel( C.wiped out D.broke out was usually constructed with Chinese traditional 13.A.dismissed B.referred C.preserved D.overseen bricks and black tiles. 14.A.single-parent B.extended 9 of Shikumen Residence C.nuclear D.DINK It's said that before the 1950s,these residences 15.A.school B.prize C.lifestyle D.slogan 10 60%of all the Shanghai dwellings and sheltered M.语法填空 60%of the local population.11 these,they were Chinese writer Hai Ya's The Space-Time Painter popular because of their good locations and won the Hugo Award(雨果奖)for Best Novelette at convenient transportation.As time passed by,they the 81st World Science Fiction Convention,1. gradually 12 with the pace of the reconstruction of (hold)in the southwestern Chinese city of Chengdu. the old areas.Later,when some influential architects He became 2. third Chinese writer to put forward that these residences should be 13 as win a Hugo Award after Liu Cixin in 2015 and Hao a symbol of the typical Shanghai culture,great attention Jingfang in 2016. started to be paid to them. The Space-Time Painter 3. publish) Shikumen Culture in 2022.It was inspired by the life experience of the The appearance of these residences broke through 4. (talent)Chinese painter Wang Ximeng the Chinese traditional lifestyle,under which a large during the Northern Song period (960~1127), 14 family lived in a big courtyard.The new created the 12-meter-long landscape smaller-sized courtyard came into being to lay a painting One Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains. foundation for the later Lane Culture.This local It tells a story about the political power struggle culture had a great influence on Shanghai's politics, of the time combined 6. diverse elements economy,literature,arts and lifestyle.For example, such as Chinese traditional culture,history and science the literature 15of“Ting Zi Jian”was born at fiction."Our culture and traditions are 7. the same time.Later,the scholars continued to (close)connected with our lives,"said Hai,noting create many masterpieces. that Chinese sci-fi writers are becoming more confident in 1.A.living B.furniture showcasing native culture and narratives."I'm very C.variety D.architecture happy that this work has received 8. 2.A.domination B.ruling (recognize),and as for my personally most satisfying C.betrayal D.imposition work,it will always be the next one,"said the 3.A.jewelry B.property C.weapon D.panel award winner 4.A.awaken B.alarm C.echo D.explode 9 (comment)on the Chinese winners 5.A.Living through B.Filtering through of the Hugo Awards,sci-fi writer Han Song wrote C.Getting through D.Stepping through on Sina Weibo that it shows that a new force of 6.A.food B.guests C.diseases D.culture Chinese sci-fi 10. (rise),and sci-fi has 7.A.glued B.decorated C.provided D.replaced become a name card and a language for China to 8.A.However B.Likewise C.Therefore D.Thus communicate with the world. ·113·4.E 顺承关系。空前讲到你的故事必须完全有意义,空后讲 II.选词填空 到角色必须进行冲突,克服障碍或解决某种问题,因此空处 1. woke up 2. In desperation 3. depended depend on 应说明故事中必须发生一些事情,这样故事才会有意义,故 4. at a glance 5. flash upon 6. fill; with 7. nothing like 选E项(最重要的是,事情必须发生在你的故事中)。 8. as well as 5.C 总分关系。空处是本段的主题句,本段主要讲的是要保 III.单句写作 持人称一致,C项中的consistent和下文的consistent一致 1. as if nothing had happened 且说明了要保持自己观点看法的一致,因此可作为本段主题 2 Her work done 句,故选C项。 3. so beautiful that V1.完形填空 4. which set him apart from others 主题语境:人与自我做人与做事。本文为央叙夹 5. waving to her husband and daughter 语篇 6. saw another girl sitting alone 导读 议文,讲述了一位科学家研发了复制自己的一项技术, 层级二 素养提升 但是由于太过骄傲与没有耐心被杀手抓住的故事。 IV.阅读 1.C 句意:他做得如此完美(perfectly).以至于无法分辨复制 主题语境:人与社会历史、社会与文化。本文为 品和原作。 语篇 导读 记叙文,主要讲述了天才FilippoBrunelleschi建造了圣 2. A 根据 上文 He learned the art of reproducing many copies 玛丽亚·德尔·菲奥里大教堂的圆顶的故事。 of himself after a lot of practice 可知,他的这项技术很令人害 怕(fear)。respect尊重;admire羡慕;warn警告。 1.B 细节理解题。根据第三段前两句可知,教堂这么长时间 3.A 根据下文It must be thekiller可知,他注意到(notice)有 没有完工是因为它比原计划更大,故选B项。 人找他。 2.C 细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第三句可知,Brunelleschi 4.C 根据上文but the scientist didn't want to die可知,此处表 引起了评委的注意是因为他提出了一个不同的设计,故选C项 3.D 细节理解题。根据第一段可知,圆顶是在1436年建成 示为了活下去(alive),他制作了一打自已的复制品。 的,故选D项。 5.A 根据上下文可知,此处表示他躲在(hide)这些复制品中。 4.A 词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知,Brunelleschi没有 6.C 句意:在实验室里,杀手不知道哪个才是真正的科学家。 留下任何建筑平面图、图纸,甚至没有留下一封信来说明他 ataloss不知所措,不知如何是好。 是如何想出如此惊人的设计的,说明他性格不外向,不与外 7. C 根据下文My work is perfect! Where is the fault? 可知. 界交流。所以画线词意为“性格不外向”,故选A项。 此处杀手指出他的作品有错误(mistake)。 V.完形填空 8.B 句意:听到这句话,这位科学家立刻跳出来大声喊道:“这 不可能(impossible)!我的作品很完美!错误在哪?”run 主题语境:人与社会建筑。本文为说明文,介绍 语篇 导读 了典型的石库门住宅一一字面意思是“石仓门”,被认 away逃跑:jump out跳出来;calm down冷静;fall down跌 为是上海最具代表性的住宅风格。 倒,故选B项。 9.A 句意参见上题解析。 1.D 这种住宅结合了中国南方和西方国家的建筑(architecture) 风格。 10.B 根据上文Righthere可知,此处表示杀手抓到了(catch) 科学家。 2.A 这些住宅可以追溯到19世纪70年代,当时反对清朝统 11.A 此处表示科学家的整个计划都失败(fail)了。 治(domination)的太平天国运动爆发了。ruling裁决; 12.D 根据上文可知,科学家失去了生命(life)。 betrayal背叛;imposition实施. 3.B 因此,许多外国房地产(property)商建造了许多住宅来赚 13.B 句意:同时,他还有一个明显的(obvious)弱点--骄傲。 钱。jewelry珠宝;weapon武器:panel仪表盘。 absurd荒谬的;strange陌生的;blurred模糊不清的. 4.C 两个铜制的门环敲门声在整个小巷里回响(echo)。 14.D 句意;事实上,耐心和谦虚是很好的品质,当我们必须完 awaken唤醒;alarm报警;explode爆炸。 成困难的任务时,这些品质会帮助我们保持冷静和明智地 5.D穿过石门,你进入一个天井。livethrough度过;filter 行动。silently安静地;quickly快速地;honestly诚实地 through过滤;get through通过,度过;stepthrough逐步通 wisely明智地,故选D项。 过,故选D项。 15.C 句意:下次做决定(decision)前,要谦虚、耐心,三思而后 6.B 在露台的正前方,有一个客厅,主人在这里接待或招待客 行。promise 承诺;suggestion建议;comment 评论。 人(guest)。 课时作业(八) 7.B 在西方建筑的影响下,门和外墙逐渐装饰成(decorate)弼 形或长方形的雕刻和绘画。glue用胶水粘住;provide提供 层级一 语用巩固 replace替代。 I. 单句语法填空 8.A 然而(however),门通常是用中国传统的砖和黑瓦建造 1. Evidently 2. on 3. Construction 4. grabbed 5. with 的。likewise 同样地;therefore 因此;thus因此。 6. around 7. Continuous 8. preservation 9. frozen 9.C 该段主要讲的是石库门住宅的发展(development)。 10. desperation struggle斗争;popularity受欢迎程度;conservation保护 .150· 10.B 据说,在20世纪50年代之前,这些住宅占(account for) 一股新生力量正在蛎起,科幻已经成为中国与世界交流的名 上海全部住宅的60%,容纳了当地60%的人口。takefor误 片和语言,动词comment和句子的主语scifiwriterHar 认为;carefor关心。 Song之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,空处应为现在分词作状语 11.D 除此之外(apartfrom),它们还因为地理位置好、交通方 句首单词首字母大写。 10. has risen 便而广受欢迎。dueto由于;inspiteof尽管,虽然;other 考查时态和主谓一致。句意参见上题解析。根据空 than除了.....。 后的and和hasbecome可知,空处为并列的谓语部分,应用现在 12.B 随着时间的推移,它们随着旧区重建的步伐逐渐消失 完成时:主语为a new force of Chinese sci-fi,故填has risen. (die out)。turn out出现;wipe out消灭;break out爆发。 课时作业(九) 13.C 后来,当一些有影响力的建筑师提出这些住宅应该作为 层级一 典型的上海文化的象征而被保存(preserve)下来时,它们开 语用巩固 始受到极大的关注。dismiss消除;refer参考;oversee监督。 I.单句语法填空 14.B 这些住宅的出现打破了中国传统的生活方式,在这种生 I. poisonous 2. aboard 3. continuous 4. to be disturbed 活方式下,大家庭住在一个大院子里。single-parent单亲 5. comfortable 6. handkerchiefs handkerchieves 7. for 的;extended扩展了的;nuclear核心的;DINK丁克,故选 8. emotional 9. nobly 10. scholarship B项。 II.选词填空 15.A 例如,“亭子间”的文学流派(school)就在同一时期诞生。 1. more than 2. pick up 3. for the sake of 4. at the age of 5. put out 6. Make sure 7. In fact 8. grew up VI.语法填空 9. take for granted 10. all over the world 主题语境:人与社会/历史、社会与文化。本文为 语篇 III.单句写作 说明文,介绍了中国作家海注凭小说《时空画师》成为 导读 1. what he wanted 了中国第三位获得雨果奖的科幻小说家。 2. in a new way 1. held 1.考查非谓语动词。句意:中国作家海的《时空画师 3. which is worth about $50,ooo 在中国西南部城市成都举行的第81届世界科幻大会上获得 4. some of which provide food and houses for the homeless population 了雨果奖最佳短中篇小说奖,句中有谓语won,前后无连词 5. As with all writing efforts 此处应为非谓语动词作后置定语;动词hold与the81st 层级二 素养提升 World Science FictionConvention是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用 IV.阅读七选五 过去分词。 主题语境:人与社会/人际沟通。本文为说明文, 2.the 考查冠词。句意:他成为继2015年的刘慈欣和2016年 语篇 导读 主要讲的是一些既可以帮助收回借出的钱,又能保全 的郝景芳之后,第三位获得雨果奖的中国作家。根据空后序 友谊的方法。 数词third可知,空处应为定冠词the 1.G 顺承关系,空前说“我能借点钱吗?我保证会还给你 3.was published考查时态、语态和主谓一致。空处作谓语。 的。”,G项(你决定借钱与否由你自己决定)说的是关于如何 The Space-Time Painter 与publish之间是逻辑上的动宾关 答复的内容,因此承接上文,符合语境,故选G项。 系,结合in2022可知,此处应用一般过去时的被动语态;主 2.C 并列关系。空前讲到,你可能要考虑:你的朋友在金钱方 语为单数,故填waspublished。 面怎么样?空后提到你朋友为什么需要钱?因此空处也应 4. talented 考查词性转换。句意:它的灵感来自北宋时期(960~ 是要考虑的问题,C项是一个问题,且其中的yourfriend和上 1127)才华横溢的中国画家王希孟的生平经历,他创作了 下句中的yourfriend相呼应,故选C项。 12米长的山水画《千里江山图》。空处应为形容词talented 3.B 总分关系。空处是本段的主题句。本段主要讲的是要把 作定语修饰名词Chinese painter。 借款的协议写出来,故选B项。 5.who 考查引导词。句意参见上题解析。空处引导非限制性 4.F 重申关系。空前讲到,决定要支付的金额和频率,然后按 定语从句,先行词为WangXimeng,指人,空处代替先行词在 照这个时间表进行。空后讲到,你的朋友不能提前付款,你 句中作主语,故填who。 最好先弄清楚你该怎么做,而不是等到事情发生时再想办法 6.with 考查介词。句意:它结合了中国传统文化、历史、科幻 解决。因此空处应该讲要想好如果朋友不能还款时该怎么 小说等多种元素,讲述了一个关于当时政治权力斗争的故 做,故选F项。 事。combinewith结合,为固定搭配。 5.D 顺承关系。空前讲到,如果没有,告诉他或她什么时候你 7.closely 考查词性转换。句意;海认为,我们的文化和传统与 可能会得到还款,并让他或她解释延迟,空处应承接上文 我们的生活息息相关,并指出中国科幻作家在展示本土文化和 说明人家解释完以后又该如何做,故选D项。 故事方面越来越有信心。空处应为副词作状语修饰connected。 V.语法填空 8. recognition 语篇 考查词性转换。句意:“我很高兴这部作品得到 主题语境:人与社会历史、社会与文化。本文为 导读 了认可,至于我个人最满意的作品,它将永远是下一部,”获 说明文,介绍了著名的赵州桥。 奖者说。空处应为名词作宾语。 1.wasnamed考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:著名的赵州 9.Commenting 考查非谓语动词。句意:科幻作家韩松在新浪 桥坐落在河北省赵县南部的汶河上,是以古时候赵县的名字 微博上评论雨果奖的中国获奖者时表示,这说明中国科幻的 来命名的。be namedafter由....命名;根据时间状语in ·151·