UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION 课时作业7 阅读专项-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册（人教版2024）

UNIT 4 课时作业（七）阅读专项 答案精解Pg (建议用时：35分钟) I.第一节 families with children as young as 7.Stay an hour or 凡 a week-there is something here for everyone! Find Your Adventure at the For more details,please visit us online at wwwo. Space and Aviation(航空)Center oursac.com. If you're looking for a unique adventure.the 1.Why do people come to SAC? Space and Aviation Center (SAC)is the place to be. A.To experience adventures. The Center offers programs designed to challenge B.To look for jobs in aviation. and inspire with hands-on tasks and lots of fun. C.To get a degree in engineering. More than 750,000 have graduated from SAC. D.To learn more about medicine. with many seeking employment in engineering,2.To earn a Space Exploration badge,what does a aviation,education,medicine and a wide variety of trainee need to do? other professions.They come to camp.wanting to A.Fly into the outer space. know what it is like to be an astronaut or a pilot, B.Get an Aviation badge first. and they leave with real-world applications for what C.Build and fire model rockets. they're studying in the classroom. D.Study the principles of flight. For the trainees,the programs also offer various 3.What is the most important for trainees? ways to earn merit badges(荣誉徽章). A.Leadership. B.Survival skills. Space Exploration badge-build and fire model C.Task planning. D.Team spirit. rockets.learn about space tasks and try simulated B (模拟)flying to space with the crew from all over When Perla Latorre-Suarez was a child,she the world. remembers holding her brother's hand in the mountainous Aviation badge-learn the principles of flight Orocovis region in Puerto Rico where she grew up and test their operating skills in the cockpit(驾驶舱) through the Aviation Challenge Program. and looking up a clear night as the International Wilderness Survival badge-learn about water- Space Station (ISS)flew overhead."That day,my and land-survival through designed tasks and their parents explained it to me:this is where all my search and rescue of“downed'”pilot. interest in space came from,"Latorre-Suarez says. With all the programs,teamwork is key as Her love was further developed by a schoolteacher trainees learn the importance of leadership and being who encouraged her to pursue(science,a trip part of a bigger task. to Kennedy Space Center during a family vacation, All this fun is available for ages 9 to 18.Families and visits to the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto can enjoy the experience together,with programs for Rico,which University of Central Florida (UCF) ·162· manages for the US National Science Foundation. 5.What did Latorre-Suarez want to do most in the future? Today,she is earning a master's degree in aerospace A.Land on the moon. engineering at UCF.Her current area of research is B.Work with UCF teachers 3D printing."My biggest goal is to be able to work C.Win herself a place at UCF. on space missions,such as the Artemis moon mission," D.Prevent astronauts from danger. she says."I want to ensure astronauts'safety while 6.Why did Latorre Suarez mention Raghavan in Paragraph 3? exploring other planetary surfaces." A.To explain why she chose UCF. Latorre-Suarez decided to study at UCF because B.To show how lucky she was to stay at UCF. of its excellent and supportive faculty(全体教师).As C.To describe how strict the teachers were at UCF. an excellent student,she had plenty of choices. D.To prove the achievements of UCF in space exploration. "UCF has amazing teachers,such as Dr.Seetha 7.What does Latorre-Suarez think of exploring space? Raghavan,who are always willing to help their A.It is still limited. students to achieve their goals,she says."UCF has B.It develops fast. given me the opportunity to grow as a professional C.It helps humanity to move forward. and as a person."Latorre-Suarez credits Raghavan D.It is a waste of both time and money. with her pursuit of space-related research at UCF. C Together they pursued 3D printing and later A new study suggests that dark markings on the determined they could probably use an autonomous planet Mars represent sand-not water.The research (自主的)application method for space missions..Itis in 2015 suggested that lines on some Martian hills something Latorre-Suarez continues to work on were evidence of water.Yet American scientists now today because she knows it will make a difference. say these lines appear more like dry,flows of sand.If "Exploring space is important because we can water is present,it is likely to be a small amount. get many answers that we will not be able to get here Water in liquid form would be necessary for on Earth,"she says."We can get answers about the microbial(微生物的)life. history of our solar system and understand its formation. NASA.the American space agency.said more Through these answers.we will be able to expand research is needed.Michael Meyer is the lead (增强)technologies that will benefit us here on scientist for NASA's Mars exploration programme. Earth as well as contribute to further exploration." He noted that the latest study does not reject the 4.When did Latorre-Suarez find her interest in space? presence of water.But he admitted,"It just may not A.When she saw the ISS. be as exciting as the idea of rivers going down the B.When she became a member of UCF. sides of eliffs(悬崖)." C.When she visited Kennedy Space Center. The new findings come from a team led by Colin D.When she did experiments with her brother. Dundas of the United States Geological Survey.His ·163· team measured 151 of these lines in 10 areas.Most of 11.What does the underlined word "cryptie"in the lines end with slopes between 28 degrees and 35 Paragraph 4 mean? degrees.These measurements are similar to active A.Undiscovered. B.Strange. sand dunes(沙丘)on both Mars and Earth.A small C.Magical. D.ley. covering of dust that moves and sometimes becomes ① lighter might help explain the markings.They Shenzhou XV astronauts moved into the Tiangong usually appear in the Martian summertime,and then space station on Nov.30 as they started their six- month stay.The station orbits Earth in about 90 disappear until the next year.If these lines are dry, minutes at an altitude of 400 kilometers.The temperature this suggests that recent Mars has not had large changes greatly,ranging from 150C when the station is volumes of liquid water.Dundas and his research exposed to the sun to -100'C when over the night team say that many questions remain. side of the planet. "I still think that Mars has a great potential for On Earth,we have heating systems or air- having had life early on in its history,"Meyer said. conditioners at home to keep us warm.In Tiangong. "As long as that's true,we also have a reasonable what do they have?The answer lies in the designs of possibility of life still being on Mars.It just happens thermal(热量的)control system by the China Academy to be cryptic or well hidden." of Space Technology. NASA currently has no robotic vehicle-either The fluid loop(流体回路)，with liquid circulating(循 on Mars or in development-with the ability to climb through its pipes,is one of the technologies used. steep slopes.The lack of such equipment has engineers “Just like the blood vessels(血管)in the human coming up with ideas like Martian helicopters or body.the loop pipes run all over the station modules planes without pilots. (舱)，”Huang Lei,one of the designers of the 8.What do American scientists find on Mars now system.told Xinhua."They maintain a temperature balance by removing heat from the parts that tend to according to their study? overheat and adding heat to other components that A.A lot of little life. tend to get cold,"Huang added. B.An amount of water. For the material outside,scientists have developed a C.Some Martian hills. silver-colored metallie-based coating to keep a balance D.Dark markings are sand. between the deep freeze of space and the sun's heat. 9.When do the markings come out? It is similar to coating the spaceship with "sunscreen". A.In Martian spring. B.In Martian summer. The coating can not only absorb less solar C.In Martian autumn. D.In Martian winter. energy but also block heat release from the inside. 10.What's Meyer's opinion about having life on Mars? Being able to do this double-duty job,the coating A.Doubtful. B.Trustful. keeps the environment inside between 18 and 26C, C.Indifferent. D.Objective. allowing astronauts to stay comfortable in their ·164· orbiting home.It was first used on the Shenzhou of stars.2 Like many stars,the Sun is orbited spaceship,which was launched on Oct 16,2021. by planets,comets,and billions of asteroids. Cargo(货物)spacecraft adopt another kind of Together they form a solar system,around which design-一multilayer insulation(多层隔热组件).For the Earth moves. example,the Tianzhou 4's cargo cabin was given a Scientists think that before the universe existed. gray-colored material to absorb more sunlight for human all matter and energy were gathered in a tiny point. activities.Another part that was filled with equipment Then the point exploded.This explosion is called the was painted with a white material to cool off. Big Bang.After the Big Bang,the universe expanded 12.What can we learn about the Tiangong space station at an amazing rate.3 It took about 400 million from the first two paragraphs? years for the stars and galaxies to form.Earth and A.It orbits the sun at a high speed. the rest of the solar system came into being about 9 B.It is about 150 kilometers away from Earth. billion years after the Big Bang. C.It has a heating system to keep warm. We still have much to learn about the universe. D.It goes through sharp temperature changes. One important question remains unanswered:Does 13.What is the main function of the loop pipes? life exist beyond Earth?Scientists do not have the A.Supplying energy. answer.They hold different ideas about it.4 B.Balancing temperature. Others believe that there are thousands of worlds C.Reducing pressure. with people or animals living there yet to be discovered. D.Controlling speed. But no one can say for sure. 14.How does the silver-colored metallic-based 5 Some think that the universe may continue to coating work? expand forever.Others feel that the galaxies,solar A.By reflecting all the sunlight. systems and planets might someday be torn apart. B.By producing and releasing heat. Whatever happens to the universe,don't worry-it's C.By changing the sun's heat into power. not going to happen for billions of years! D.By absorbing heat and preventing heat loss. A.One of those is the Sun. 15.What is the last paragraph mainly about? B.The Sun and the Earth are also in the solar system. A.The launch of a cargo spacecraft. C.Some people believe that people have a good life B.A new recently designed spacecraft. on Earth. C.Other materials used outside the cargo spacecraft. D.The expansion then slowed and,over time,the D.The difference of Tianzhou 4's cargo cabin. universe cooled. Ⅱ.第二节 E.In other words,the universe includes space and As we all know,the universe includes the Sun everything in it. and Earth,the planets and moon,the galaxies,stars F.Scientists are also trying to determine what the and other forms of matter and energy.1 universe will be like. Within the universe are billions of galaxies.A G.Some think that Earth is the only planet in the galaxy such as our own Milky Way contains billions universe with intelligent life. ·165·1.worse 考查比较等级。句意:我母亲的阿尔茨海默病恶化 课时作业(六 后,她住进了养老院。此处暗含对比。getworse越来越差。 I.完形填空 2.Americans 考查名词的数。句意:我微笑着向一位中国朋友 主题语境,人与自我生活与学习。本文为说明 解释,许多美国人真的很关心他们年迈的父母。形容词many 语篇 文。旅游是体验文化最有效的方法之一,但除此以外, 后接可数名词的复数形式。 导读 不离开家乡你也能体验其他文化。 3. living 考查非谓语动词。句意:但父母往往喜欢独自生活. 1. D 上 文提到的 travelling is one of the most effective ways 和 可能会拒绝帮助。enjoydoingsth喜欢做某事。 4.who/that考查引导词。句意:当然,这与大多数希望将来和 下文you have other choices在语义上是转折关系 成年子女待在一起的中国父母不同。句中先行词为Chinese 2.C 本空所在句是假设如果你没有时间、金钱和精力去国外 parents,在定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词who或that引导。 旅游,还有别的方式可以体验文化。故此处应填一个表示去 5.in 考查介词。句意;在中国生活了30多年后,我开始理解 旅游或计划旅游的动词,选项中只有plan符合语境。 中国人对年迈父母的照顾。表示“在中国”,用介词in。 3. B 根据上文you have other choices和下文可知,与外出旅游 6. their 考查代词。名词agingparents前用形容词性物主代 体验文化不一样的就是不需要离开(leave)家乡就能体验 词,作定语。 (experience)其他文化。 7.obviously考查词性转换。句意:每天早晨,当太阳温暖了我 4.D 参见上题解析。cxperience与上文中的experiencing是原 家附近的小公园时,我看到一个男人--也许是儿子--和 词复现关系。 他的母亲散步,他的母亲显然中风了,此处作状语修饰动词 5. C 根据常识和下文people of different national,religious,or hadsuffered,应用副词形式 ethnicbackgrounds可知,美国是一个有着文化多样性的 8.walked考查时态。句意:他扶着她虚弱的身体,她拖着一只 (diversity)国家,在这里你每天遇到的人可能代表着不同的 脚慢慢地走着。根据句中时态可知,此处用一般过去时。 文化背景与经历。 9.weretalking 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:我透过窗户看着 6.C 句意参见上题解析。wide强调范围广,符合语境。 他们,看不出他们是否在说话,但这是一位年迈的母亲和姓 7.B 您的朋友、邻居和同事可能包括(include)不同国家、宗教 善良的儿子之间的爱的画面。结合句意,表示过去正在发生 或种族背景的人,所有这些都触手可及。 的事情,用过去进行时;主语是they,故填weretalking。 8.A 此处表示花点时间更多地了解他们 10.a 考查冠词。名词picture为发音以辅音音素开头的可数 9.D 通过身边人就能体验不同的文化,这种感觉令人不可思 名词,此处表泛指,所以用不定冠词a。 议(surprised). 课时作业(七) 10.D 其他类型的文化探索可以自我引导(self-guided)。far reaching影响深远的;ill-advised 不明智的:heart-stopping心 I.第一节 脏停止的。 A 11.B 考虑花一个周末通过参加(participate in)一些活动来了 主题语境,人与自然/宇审探索。本文为广告,为 解不同的文化,例如参观当地的博物馆,读书和尝试新美食。 语篇 想要体验冒险的人介绍了一个好去处-太空和航空中 12. B 本空所在句是对上文通过 visiting your local museum这 导读 心(SAC),这个地方不仅有趣,还可以让人们学到实用的 种方式了解不同文化的具体解释。了解其他国家的艺术作 知识。 品和看考古发现都需要去博物馆,故选museum,且与上文 1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知,人们去SAC是为 中的museum是原词复现关系。 了体验冒险,故选A项。 13.C 根据探访博物馆是文化探索的一种方式可知,看来自遥 2.C 细节理解题。根据·SpaceExplorationbadge部分内容可 远国家的考古发现有助于了解不同的文化,也就是说通过 知,想要获得太空探索微章,学员们需要建造和发射火箭棍 考古发现,你可以思考它们是如何影响(impact)某种特定文 型,故选C项。 化的。 3.D细节理解题。根据倒数第三段可知,对于学员来说,在所 14.A 根据读书也是文化探索的一种方式可知,书中解释了不 有项目中,团队合作是关键,所以团队精神是最重要的,故选 同社会的历史以及它们如何演变成今天的文化,而这有助 D项。 于我们理解这些文化中的习俗、传统和食物是如何变成今 B 天这个样子的。此处需要填一个与“理解”意义相同或相近 语篇 主题语境:人与自然/宇宙探索,本文为记叙文。 的词,故选A项。 导读 Perla Latorre-Suarez致力于研发新技术,保障宇航员 15.D 甚至食物也提供了探索(explore)文化多样性以及如何 在太空作业时的安全。 通过美食表达文化多样性的机会。 4.A 细节理解题。根据第一段可知,当Latorre-Suarez看到国 II.语法填空 际空间站从天上飞过时,她对太空产生了浓厚的兴趣,故选A项。 主题语境:人与社会不同民族文化习俗。本文为 语篇 5.D 细节理解题。根据第二段后两句可知,Latorre-Suarez最 记叙文,讲述了作者在母亲住进养老院之后,对比了中 导读 大的目标是保障宇航员在太空作业时的安全,让他们远离危 美两国养老的不同。 险,故选D项。 ·192· 6.A 推理判断题。第三段首句为本段的主旨句。下文中提到 5.F 解释关系。本段主要是关于对未来宇宙的样子进行的预 的关于Dr.SeethaRaghavan的内容是对本句的解释说明 测,F项(科学家也在试图确定宇宙的未来可能会是什么样 由此可知,本段解释了Latorre-Suarez选择UCF的原因,故 子)符合语境,故选F项。 选A项 课时作业(八) 7.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,Latorre-Suarez认为太 空探索可以帮助我们提高技术,更好地认识地球,同时也可 I.完形填空 以为以后更加深人的太空探索做好准备,故选C项。 语篇 主题语境:人与自然/地球与宇宙奥秘探索。本文 C 导读 为说明文,介绍了除地球外的其他“系外行星”并介绍了 主题语境:人与自然;宇宙探索,本文为说明文。 语篇 人类为了寻找与地球相似的行星所做出的努力。 美国科学家的一项新的研究发现:火星上黑色的标记 导读 1.A 根据下文介绍了我们邻近的星球可知,此处指花了数百 是沙子而不是水。 年的时间探索(explore)我们邻近的星球,有探索才有发现 8.D 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知,科学家发现火星 separate分离;forget忘记;launch发射 上的黑色标记是沙子不是水,故选D项 2.B 根据newworlds可知,随着人类的不断探索,应该是有新 9.B 细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第三句可知,这样的标记 的世界被发现(discover)。revise修改,复习;save拯救 会出现在火星的夏季,故选B项。 create创造。 10.B 推理判断题。根据第四段可推知,Meyer还是相信火星 3.C 根据下文列举介绍的其他系外行星及结合选项可知,此 上有生命,故选B项 处应指识别(recognize)行星。travel旅行;damage损坏;ignore 11.A 词句猜测题。通过画线词所在句意(只是它很神秘,或 忽视。 者说很隐蔽。)结合本句中的orwellhidden可知,cryptic意 4.D 根据下文提到在那里一年的持续时间不到三天可知,速 为“隐藏的,没被发现的”,故选A项 度应是很快的(rapidly)。slowly慢速地;independently独立 D 地:wrongly错误地。 语篇 主题语境:人与自然宇宙探索。本文为说明文, 5.B 根据上文的orbiting可知,此处指环绕(circle)150光年外 导读 主要解释了天宫空间站是如何维持内部温度平衡的。 的另一颗恒星移动的是一颗燃烧的“热木星”。remove移动 light点燃;show展示。 12.D 细节理解题。根据第一段末句可知,天宫空间站经历了 6.C 根据上文exoplanets可知,本段介绍的是“系外行星”,因 剧烈的温度变化,故选D项。 13.B 推理判断题。根据第四段可知,环管就像人体内的血管 此句中指另外三颗围绕脉冲星运行的行星(planet)。star恒 星;moon月亮:satellite人造卫星。 一样,遍布空间站的各个模块,通过帮助过热的部件散热以 7.D 根据上文的huge可知,此处介绍的是恒星的大小(size)。 及向容易变冷的部件添加热量来保持温度平衡,故选B项。 type类型;distance距离;power权力,能力。 14.D 细节理解题。根据第六段首句可知,这种银色的金属基 8.C 根据下文成为“漂浮者”可知,它们应是被赶出了所在的 涂层可以吸收热量以及防止热量散失,故选D项。 15.C 段落大意题。最后一段主要介绍了天舟四号的货舱外 系统(system).authority权力,权威;species物种;facility设施 9.A 根据句中planets like theEarth可知,找到“像地球这样 部使用的其他用来隔热的材料,故选C项。 的行星”对我们来说应该是一条熟悉的(familiar)线索。 II.第二节 previous以前的;unknown未知的;shallow肤浅的. 语篇 主题语境:人与自然宇宙探索。本文为说明文, 10.D 根据上文可知,既不太热也不太冷的条件应该是能支持 导读 说明了宇宙的诞生、构成以及对宇宙未来的预测。 (support)人类生存的。determine查明,确定;discover发 1.E 概括关系。上文提到了宇宙包含许多东西,空处是段末 现;injure伤害。 句,对上文进行总结,E项(也就是说,字宙包括空间和其中的 11.C 空处是推测的原因,故应用probably。luckily幸运地; 一切)符合语境,故选E项。 instantly立即;regularlv定期地,经常 2.A 顺承关系。上文提到银河系包含数亿颗恒星,下文例举 12.A 句意;在明亮的星光中看到一颗像我们这样又小(small) 出太阳这题恒星,A项(其中一颗是太阳)符合语境,其中 又细的行星,就像试图在烟花表演中看到一只萤火虫。根 those指代上文的stars,故选A项。 据空后说像烟花表演中的萤火虫似的不易看到可知,此处 3.D 顺承关系。上文提到了宇宙以惊人的速度膨胀,下文提 指又小又细的行星在明亮星光中不起眼,bright明亮的 到恒星和星系形成过程漫长,本句应是说宇审膨胀速度减 blue蓝色的;clear清楚的。 缓,D项(膨胀变慢了,随着时间的推移,宇宙冷却了)符合语 13.B 上下文为转折关系,上文说我们还没有发现与我们自己 境,故选D项。 的行星非常相似的行星,下文说天文学家正在迅速接近找 4.G 对照关系。上文提到一个尚未得到解答的问题,下文提 到另一个地球的那一天,由此可知,应用连词yet,表转折。 到了另一些人的看法,G项(有些人认为地球是宇宙中唯一有 14.A 根据句意和生活常识可知,应该是随着技术的发展,天 智慧生命的行星)符合语境,其中Some与下文构成som... 文学家有可能找到另一个地球,由此可知,句中指将技术推 others....,表示“一些.....另一些......”,故选G项。 向极限(limit)。end结尾;opposite对立面;beginning开端 ·193·