Unit 2 Improving yourself Using language 过去完成时的被动课件-2024-2025学年高中英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册

Look at the sentences and answer the questions. Sentence (a) is from the reading passage. 1 Were the students in sentence (a) persuaded before the detox started, or afterwards之后? a At the start of the detox, over 100 students had been persuaded to stop using social media, in ANY form, for seven days. b At the start of the detox, people had persuaded over 100 students to stop using social media, in ANY form, for seven days. The students were persuaded before the detox started. Look at the sentences and answer the questions. Sentence (a) is from the reading passage. 2 What is the difference between sentences (a) and (b)? They differ in voice语态. The passive被动 voice is used in sentence (a), while the active主动 voice is used in sentence (b). a At the start of the detox, over 100 students had been persuaded to stop using social media, in ANY form, for seven days. b At the start of the detox, people had persuaded over 100 students to stop using social media, in ANY form, for seven days. Look at the sentences and answer the questions. Sentence (a) is from the reading passage. 3 Why does the author choose to use a passive被动 form instead of an active form? Maybe the author doesn’t know who had persuaded students to stop using social media, or it is unnecessary to say who the persuaders劝说者 were. a At the start of the detox, over 100 students had been persuaded to stop using social media, in ANY form, for seven days. b At the start of the detox, people had persuaded over 100 students to stop using social media, in ANY form, for seven days. Past Perfect Passive 过去完成时的被动语态 A. 主动语态:had + 过去分词 We had finished Book1 till last term. Book1 had been finished (by us ) till last term. B.被动语态:had been + 过去分词 过去完成时的被动语态 The pen had been broken by the boy before it was found. 那支钢笔在大家发现以前就被那个男孩弄坏了。 The task had been completed before noon yesterday. 那项任务昨天中午前就完成了。 1. 强调动作的承受者 2. 不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者 基本含义 过去完成时的被动语态是过去完成时的被动形式,主语是谓语动作的承受者。使用被动语态主要因为两种情况: 1. 肯定句:_ 2. 否定句:_ 3. 疑问句:_ _ 基本结构 eg. All the tickets had been sold out when they arrived. 主语+had been done+其他. eg. Mark had not been told the truth when I told him. 主语+had not been done+其他. Had+主语+been done+其他? 疑问词+(主语)+had+been done+其他? eg. Had the book been translated into 13 languages until last year? eg. How many buildings had been destroyed摧毁 when the hurricane飓风 ended? (1) By the time he got to the school, the first period课时 had been finished. (2) The classroom hadn’t been cleaned before the teacher came. (3) By the end of last year, 120 bridges had been built. 1. 当连词before, when, by the time, until 等引导时间状语的谓语动词是一般过去时,以及介词by, before后接过去的时间的时候,主句的动作发生在从句的动作或过去的时间之前且表示被动时,用过去完成时的被动语态had been done。 过去完成时的被动语态的基本用法 2. 在 told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词之后的宾语从句中,若表示动作已被做完时,用过去完成时的被动语态had been done。 (1)They said that the production costs成本 had been reduced. (2)The boy was reminded提醒 that his homework had not been handed in. (3)The media媒体 reported that more than 1,000 people had been killed in the earthquake. 3. 在 “It was the first / second / third time that …”句型中,that从句中的主语是动作的承受者时,谓语动词要用过去完成时的被动语态had been done。 (1)It was the first time that the painting had been displayed展示 to the public. (2)It was the second time that his bike had been stolen偷. 4. 在虚拟语气中,从句表示与过去的事实相反,而且主语是动作的承受者时,要用过去完成时的被动语态had been done。 (1)If I had been invited earlier, I would have gone with you. (2)I felt like I had lost my arm. 单句语法填空 (1)A new agreement (sign) by the time we got there. (2)The house (pick) up by the hurricane飓风 before they took measures. (3)By the end of last week, more than $ 50,000 (collect) for the affected area. (4)He (trap) in the burning house for nearly two hours before the firefighters came to his rescue救援. (5)The professor was delighted to find that the project (finish) by the students independently独立地. (6)She returned home and found all her furniture (ruin毁坏) by the flood. had been signed had been picked had been collected had been trapped had been finished had been ruined 1.Yesterday she said that her lost key (find). 2.I thought that the letter (send) a week before. 3.She did not go back home until the work (finish). 4. The tickets _ (sell) out before I came to the cinema. 5. Six hundred trees (plant) before last Wednesday. had been found had been sent had been finished had been sold had been planted 1. He said this book _ _ _ into Japanese and it was worth reading. 他说这本书已被译成日语,值得一读。 2. How many English songs _ _ _by the end of last term? 到上学期末你们学了几首英文歌? 3. The children _ _ asleep before the performance ended. 演出还没有结束, 孩子们就睡着了。 4. He was amazed at the great changes that _ _ _ in his hometown. 他对他家乡发生的巨变感到十分惊讶。 5. The vegetables didn’t taste very good. They _ _ _ too long. 这些蔬菜尝起来不太好吃。煮的时间太长了。 had been translated had you learnt had fallen had taken place had been cooked Complete Jack’s blog post with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Before I turned over a new leaf, I had always been a very lazy student. I was careless about handing in my homework, and none of my assignment deadlines 1_ (meet). Indeed, I would deliberately “lose” my homework in my incredibly messy room, so that I could put off 2_ (do) it! My parents soon worked out this trick, though但是, and one day I came home to find that my room 3_ (clean), and my homework 4_ (put) right in the centre of a spotlessly一尘不染地 clean desk! A present 5_ (leave) on the desk, too (I think Mum did that): a book called The Art of Procrastination. The author, John Perry, said that procrastination was about 6_ (avoid) the hardest and most important tasks. So, 7_ (make) sure you do your homework, put it second or third on your to-do list待办事项, not at the top. Then put one or two really hard things you don’t want to do at the top of the list. You will procrastinate拖延 to avoid the hard stuff事情—by doing your homework! Posted by Jack at 13:34 had been met doing had been cleaned had been put had been left avoiding to make Assignment(要用到过去完成时) 1.记者journalist报道这个地区被洪水毁了destroy。 2.到上周末的时候by the end of,总共65人被救rescue。 3.当我到达火车站时,我被告知火车已经离开了。 4.要是我没有在那个挑战中认输就好了。(if only要是...就好了) 5.这是第三次他被送进监狱prison了。 6.在我进入高中之前,我就意识到了积累accumulate词汇的重要性。 $$