内容正文:
时态
主动式
被动式
一般时
to do
to be done
完成时
to have done
to have been done
进行时
to be doing
动词不定式的形式
动词不定式做状语
1. The teacher raised his voice ______ (make) himself heard.
2. ______ (get) better grades, you need to study harder.
3. I'm glad ______ (hear) the good news.
4. She went to the library ______ (borrow) some books.
5. The old man is too weak ______ (walk) by himself.
6. He got up early ______ (catch) the first bus.
7. The box is light enough ______ (carry).
8. ______ (save) the drowning boy, he jumped into the river without hesitation.
9. I'm sorry ______ (trouble) you.
10. She studied day and night ______ (pass) the exam.
1. 答案:to make
解析:此处用动词不定式作目的状语,表示老师提高声音的目的是为了让自己被听到 。
2.答案:To get
解析:“To get better grades”是动词不定式短语作目的状语,表明努力学习的目的是取得更好的成绩。
3.答案:to hear
解析:“be glad to do sth.”是固定搭配,动词不定式“to hear”作原因状语,说明高兴的原因是听到这个好消息。
4.答案:to borrow
解析:用动词不定式作目的状语,表明去图书馆的目的是借书。
5.答案:to walk
解析:“too... to...”结构表示“太……而不能……” ,动词不定式“to walk”作结果状语,说明老人身体太虚弱导致的结果是不能自己行走。
6.答案:to catch
解析:动词不定式作目的状语,早起的目的是赶上第一班公交车。
7.答案:to carry
解析:“形容词+enough + to do sth.”结构中,动词不定式“to carry”作结果状语,说明箱子轻的结果是能够被搬运。
8.答案:To save
解析:动词不定式作目的状语,他跳进河里的目的是救溺水的男孩。
9.答案:to trouble
解析:“be sorry to do sth.”结构中,动词不定式“to trouble”作原因状语,表示抱歉的原因是要麻烦对方。
10.答案:to pass
解析:动词不定式作目的状语,她日夜学习的目的是通过考试。
动词不定式做定语
1. I have a lot of work ______ (do) today.
2. The first one ______ (arrive) will get a prize.
3. He is always the last one ______ (leave) the office.
4. Do you have anything ______ (say) for yourself?
5. I need a pen ______ (write) with.
6. There is nothing ______ (worry) about.
7. She has a good chance ______ (go) abroad.
8. The ability ______ (express) an idea is as important as the idea itself.
9. He is looking for a room ______ (live) in.
10. The best way ______ (solve) the problem is to ask the teacher for help.
1.答案:to do
解析:动词不定式“to do”作后置定语修饰“work”,表示“要做的工作” ,逻辑上是动宾关系,即do the work。
2. 答案:to arrive
解析:“the first/second... + to do sth.”是固定用法 ,动词不定式“to arrive”作后置定语修饰“the first one”,表示第一个到达的人。
3.答案:to leave
解析:同理,“the last + to do sth.”,动词不定式“to leave”作后置定语修饰“the last one”,表示最后一个离开办公室的人。
4.答案:to say
解析:动词不定式“to say”作后置定语修饰“anything”,逻辑上是动宾关系,即say something for yourself。
5.答案:to write
解析:动词不定式“to write”作后置定语修饰“pen”,“write with a pen”,这里with不能省略,因为write和pen之间是动宾关系且需要借助介词with。
6.答案:to worry
解析:“to worry about”作后置定语修饰“nothing”,逻辑上是动宾关系,即worry about nothing ,about不能省略。
7.答案:to go
解析:动词不定式“to go”作后置定语修饰“chance”,表示出国的机会 。
8.答案:to express
解析:“to express an idea”作后置定语修饰“ability”,表示表达想法的能力。
9.答案:to live
解析:动词不定式“to live”作后置定语修饰“room”,“live in a room”,in不能省略,因为live和room之间是动宾关系需借助in。
10 答案:to solve
解析:“to solve the problem”作后置定语修饰“way”,表示解决问题的方法。
一.动词不定式做主语
1. __________ (get) up early is a good habit.
2. It's necessary for us __________ (learn) a foreign language.
3. __________ (finish) the work in two days is a big challenge.
4. It seems difficult __________ (climb) that mountain.
5. __________ (make) friends with others is not easy for him.
6. It's important __________ (keep) a balance between work and life.
7. __________ (do) morning exercises regularly benefits our health.
8. It's hard for him __________ (give up) smoking.
9. __________ (help) others makes us happy.
10. It takes patience __________ (teach) little kids.
1.答案:To get
解析:动词不定式“To get up early”在句中作主语,表示“早起”这一行为。通常情况下,动词不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,此句谓语动词为is 。
2.答案:to learn
解析:此句中it作形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式“to learn a foreign language”。“It's + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.”是常用句型,表示“对某人来说做某事是……的” 。
3.答案:To finish
解析:“To finish the work in two days”这个动词不定式短语作主语,意思是“在两天内完成这项工作”,谓语动词是is 。
4.答案:to climb
解析:it是形式主语,真正的主语是“to climb that mountain”,“It seems + adj. + to do sth.”表示“做某事似乎……” 。
5.答案:To make
解析:动词不定式“To make friends with others”作句子的主语,表明“和别人交朋友”这件事,谓语动词为is 。
6.答案:to keep
解析:it作形式主语,动词不定式“to keep a balance between work and life”作真正的主语,遵循“It's + adj. + to do sth.”结构,表示“保持工作和生活的平衡是重要的”。
7.答案:To do
解析:“To do morning exercises regularly”作主语,说明经常做早操这一行为对健康有益,谓语动词benefits用第三人称单数形式 。
8.答案:to give up
解析:it为形式主语,动词不定式“to give up smoking”是真正的主语,“It's hard for sb. + to do sth.”表示“对某人来说做某事很难” 。
9.答案:To help
解析:动词不定式“To help others”作主语,谓语动词makes用第三人称单数形式,因为“帮助别人”这一行为作主语,是单数概念。
10.答案:to teach
解析:it作形式主语,真正的主语是“to teach little kids”,“It takes + n. + to do sth.”表示“做某事需要……” 。
动词不定式做表语
1. My goal is __________ (become) a doctor.
2. His dream is __________ (travel) around the world.
3. The best way is __________ (work) hard.
4. Our plan is __________ (hold) a party this weekend.
5. Her wish is __________ (study) abroad.
6. The purpose of the meeting is __________ (discuss) the new project.
7. My job is __________ (look after) the old people in the nursing home.
8. His decision is __________ (join) the army.
9. The task for today is __________ (clean) the classroom thoroughly.
10. Their aim is __________ (win) the championship.
答案
1.:to become
解析:动词不定式“to become a doctor”在句中作表语,说明主语“My goal(我的目标)”的具体内容是“成为一名医生”。
2.to travel
解析:“to travel around the world”作表语,解释主语“His dream(他的梦想)”的内容是“环游世界”。
3.to work
解析:动词不定式“to work hard”作表语,表明主语“The best way(最好的方法)”是“努力工作” 。
4.答案:to hold
解析:“to hold a party this weekend”作表语,说明“Our plan(我们的计划)”的具体内容是“本周末举办一场派对” 。
5.to study
解析:动词不定式“to study abroad”作表语,阐述主语“Her wish(她的愿望)”是“出国留学”。
6.to discuss
解析:“to discuss the new project”作表语,解释主语“The purpose of the meeting(会议的目的)”是“讨论新项目”。
7.to look after
解析:动词不定式“to look after the old people in the nursing home”作表语,说明主语“My job(我的工作)”的内容是“在养老院照顾老人”。
8.答案:to join
解析:“to join the army”作表语,表明主语“His decision(他的决定)”是“参军”。
9.答案:to clean
解析:动词不定式“to clean the classroom thoroughly”作表语,说明主语“The task for today(今天的任务)”是“彻底打扫教室”。
10.答案:to win
解析:“to win the championship”作表语,解释主语“Their aim(他们的目标)”是“赢得冠军”。
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$$