专题11 阅读理解（说明文）-2025年中考英语【热点•重点•难点】专练（江苏专用）

2025年中考【热点·重点·难点】专练（江苏专用） 专题11 阅读理解（说明文）（解析版） 【2022-2024 江苏中考高频考点】 一、选材特点：聚焦热点，贴近生活 2024 年江苏中考英语说明文延续 "科技 + 文化 + 环保" 的核心选材方向，材料多改编自英美报刊或学术网站。例如常州卷 B 篇以 "便携式移动冰箱" 为主题，既考查科技常识，又融入人文关怀；苏州卷则选取 "二十四节气与农业生态"，体现传统文化与现代生活的结合。这些文本具有以下特征： 1.时代性：关注新能源、人工智能等前沿领域（如氢能设备、AI 辅助教学） 2.实用性：涉及健康饮食、环保措施等生活话题（如雨水回收系统、垃圾分类） 3.文化性：包含非遗技艺、传统节日等文化元素（如苏绣工艺、春节申遗） 二、命题规律：四大题型精准考查 1. 细节理解题（占比 60%） 命题方式：通过特殊疑问句或填空题考查具体信息。解题关键：题干关键词定位原文，注意同义替换。示例：常州卷题目 "What is the advantage of the portable fridge?" 需定位到文中 "no need for electricity"，正确选项为 "Environmentally friendly"。 2. 推理判断题（占比 20%） 命题方式：要求根据上下文推断隐含意义。解题关键：关注逻辑词（如 but/however）和情感词。示例：苏州卷问 "Why does the author mention solar energy?" 需结合 "reduces carbon emissions" 推断为 "Highlighting sustainable development"。 3. 词义猜测题（占比 10%） 命题方式：考查生词或短语在语境中的含义。解题技巧：利用构词法（如 hydro - 表 "水"）或上下文逻辑。示例：南通卷 "amphibious vehicle" 结合 "land and water" 可猜为 "水陆两栖"。 4. 主旨归纳题（占比 10%） 命题方式：要求概括文章中心或段落大意。解题技巧：重点阅读首尾段及高频词汇。示例：扬州卷关于 "大运河文化" 的文章，主旨题正确选项为 "Protecting cultural heritage through innovation" 【2022-2024 江苏中考考情分析】 一、高频话题趋势 1. 科技前沿 命题热点：人工智能（AI 辅助教学 / 医疗）、新能源技术（氢能设备、太阳能建筑）、智能机器人（服务型机器人）。真题印证：2024 年无锡卷考查 AG600M 消防飞机的功能与应用，涉及水陆两栖技术和应急救援场景。 2. 文化传承 命题热点：传统节日（端午节、二十四节气）、非遗技艺（剪纸、古琴）、古典建筑（苏州园林、福建土楼）。真题印证：苏州卷结合天气与园林设计，通过网师园四季树木变化，体现文化与自然的融合。 3. 生态环保 命题热点：碳减排技术、湿地保护、极端天气应对。真题印证：南通卷探讨氢能烘焙机减少碳排放的优势，强调清洁能源的实际应用。 4. 社会现象 命题热点：短视频影响、“元宇宙” 社交、消费主义陷阱。真题印证：扬州卷分析 “Keep” App 与自律的关系，揭示短期目标设定的重要性。 二、选项设计特征 1. 细节理解题 干扰项陷阱：偷换概念：如将 “氢能减少碳排放” 改为 “氢能完全无污染”（忽略 “灰氢” 与 “绿氢” 的区别）。绝对化表述：如 “AI 将完全取代人类教师”（原文为 “辅助教学”）。真题示例：苏州卷选项 D “雨天游览园林体验更佳” 需结合文中 “古典园林在雨中最美” 推断，而非绝对结论。 2. 推理判断题 引用处设题：作者常通过专家观点或研究数据间接表达立场（如 “坐姿影响数学考试表现” 的研究结论）。段落作用：要求判断例子目的（如引用网师园说明园林设计与季节的关系）。真题示例：无锡卷推荐信通过具体项目成果，推断作者对候选人的认可态度。 3. 主旨归纳题 首尾段 + 高频词：如苏州卷首段点明气候特征，后续段落围绕 “季节变化” 展开，尾段总结雨天游览优势。避免以偏概全：需综合全文而非某段细节（如 “天气与园林” 主题不可仅选 “园林设计”）。 4. 词义猜测题 猜词策略：构词法：如 “amphibious”（两栖的）结合 “amphi-”（双）和 “-ous”（形容词后缀）。上下文：如 “self-discipline” 通过 “设定短期目标” 推断为 “自律”。 三、高效解题策略 1. 三步定位法 题干关键词：圈出专有名词（如 AG600M）、数字（如 3 月平均气温 7-13℃）。 段落主题句：首段尾段及转折词（如 instead, however）附近锁定答案。 选项验证：排除绝对化选项（如 “必须”“全部”），优先选择 “可能”“部分” 等表述。 2. 说明方法识别 举例子：如苏州卷以网师园为例，说明园林设计与季节的关系。 列数字：如南通卷通过 “减少 60% 碳排放” 强调氢能设备的环保优势。 作比较：如扬州卷对比 “完美身材视频” 与 “现实困难”，揭示自律误区。 3. 逻辑推理技巧 因果关系：如 AG600M “水陆两栖” 特性决定其 “森林灭火 + 海上搜救” 功能。 作者意图：引用专家观点（如 “坐姿影响考试表现”）间接支持论点。 【2025江苏中考考向预测】 一、话题预测 1.科技前沿 命题方向：人工智能应用（如 AI 写论文、视频制作）、新能源技术（氢能设备、高速列车）、智能机器人（春晚秧歌舞机器人）。典型例题：2024 年真题中氢能烘焙机的环保优势，可推测 2025 年可能考查 AI 在教育或医疗领域的实际应用。 2.文化传承 命题方向：传统节日申遗（春节、中秋）、非遗技艺（刺绣、陶艺）、古典建筑（苏州园林、福建土楼）。典型例题：2024 年苏州天气与园林设计结合的说明文，2025 年可能延伸至 “二十四节气” 对农业的影响或 “梁祝传说” 的文化价值。 3.生态环保 命题方向：碳减排技术、生态修复案例、极端天气应对（台风、高温）。典型例题：参考 2024 年 “氢能减少碳排放” 的题型，2025 年可能涉及 “碳中和” 政策或城市绿化的生态效益。 4.社会现象 命题方向：短视频与网络直播的影响、“爱自己” 消费陷阱、传统文化与现代生活的融合（如李子柒现象）。典型例题：2024 年 “抖音美颜瘦身” 话题，2025 年可能探讨 “元宇宙” 对社交方式的改变。 二、命题规律 1.结构规律 总分总结构：首段点明主题，中间分点说明（如氢能设备的原理、优势、应用场景），尾段总结意义。 逻辑顺序：按时间（如科技发展历程）或因果（如高温天气成因→影响→应对措施）展开。 2.题型分布 细节理解题：直接定位数据、对比、因果关系（如 “AG600M 的最大航程”）。 推理判断题：结合上下文推断作者意图（如 “引用福建土楼的例子是为了说明文化遗产保护的重要性”）。 主旨归纳题：高频词 + 首尾段提炼（如 “人工智能发展的利与弊”）。 词义猜测题：通过构词法或上下文推断（如 “amphibious” 结合 “fly into sky and go to sea” 猜为 “两栖的”）。 3.选项干扰特征 偷换概念：将 “氢能减少碳排放” 改为 “氢能完全无污染”（忽略 “灰氢” 与 “绿氢” 的区别）。 绝对化表述：如 “AI 将完全取代人类教师”（原文为 “辅助教学”）。 脱离文本：用常识替代原文（如 “春节申遗成功是因为历史最悠久”，而原文强调文化影响力）。 三、备考建议 1.话题词汇积累 科技类：prototype（原型）、algorithm（算法）、emission（排放） 文化类：intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产）、classical architecture（古典建筑） 环保类：carbon neutrality（碳中和）、ecosystem（生态系统） 2.解题步骤强化 题干定位：圈出专有名词（如 DeepSeek）、数字（如 “减少 60% 碳排放”）。 结构分析：用 “总 - 分 - 总” 思维导图梳理段落关系（如 “AI 厨师的优势” 分 “效率、成本、卫生” 三点）。 选项验证：排除绝对化选项，回归原文核对（如 “可能”“部分” 比 “必须”“全部” 更合理）。 江苏省2025中考英语阅读理解说明文满分攻略 一、解题步骤 江苏中考英语说明文多围绕科技、文化、环保等主题展开，结构清晰（总分总 / 时间顺序 / 逻辑顺序），设题侧重细节理解、说明方法和主旨归纳。以下是针对说明文的高效解题步骤： 1. 扫读题干，锁定关键词 先看题目，划出专有名词（如 AG600M）、数字（如 3 月平均气温 7-13℃）或核心概念（如氢能烘焙机）。例如，若题目问 “AG600M 的用途”，可快速定位文中 “forest fires”“sea search” 等关键词。 2. 速读全文，理清结构 用 1 分钟浏览首段尾段和段落主题句，明确说明对象和逻辑框架。如 2024 年苏州天气说明文，首段点明气候特征，后续段落分月份、园林设计展开，尾段总结雨天游览优势。 3. 精读细节，标注关键信息 逐段细读，用符号标记：数据（如 “60% of carbon emissions”）；对比（如 “traditional roasters vs hydrogen-fueled”）；因果（如 “because hydrogen is clean”）；例如，氢能烘焙机段落中，“CO₂ reduction” 与 “green hydrogen” 的关系需重点标注。 4. 推理判断，识别深层逻辑 针对 “作者意图” 或 “段落作用” 类题，结合上下文逻辑。如苏州园林部分提到 “rain makes gardens beautiful”，需推断作者通过对比晴天与雨天，强调园林设计的独特性。 5. 验证选项，排除干扰项 注意选项是否偷换概念。如选项说 “氢能烘焙机完全取代传统设备”，但原文仅提到 “reduces CO₂”，需排除绝对化表述。 二、常见答题误区 1.被专业术语唬住 遇到 “amphibious aircraft” 等词，可通过上下文推测（如 “fly into sky and go to sea”），无需纠结词义。江苏真题常考构词法，如 “hydro-” 表 “水”，“-logy” 表学科。 2.忽略说明方法 说明文常使用举例子（如网师园四季树木）、列数字（如 3 月降雨量 9-10cm）等方法，题目可能问 “作者为何提到 XX 例子”，需结合段落主旨回答。 3.主观代入常识 如题目问 “氢能是否完全无污染”，需严格依据文中 “green hydrogen” 判断，而非默认 “氢能绝对环保”。 三、满分策略 1.构建说明文知识网 整理高频主题词汇：科技类：prototype（原型机）、emission（排放）；文化类：ceremony（仪式）、classical garden（古典园林）；环保类：carbon reduction（碳减排）、ecosystem（生态系统）。 2.强化逻辑训练 每日分析 1 篇说明文结构，用思维导图梳理 “总 - 分 - 总” 关系。例如，AG600M 说明文可拆解为： 总：命名由来 → 分：性能测试、用途 → 总：未来意义 3.总结答题模板 细节题：题干关键词定位 + 同义替换（如 “average temperature” 对应表格数据）； 主旨题：首段 + 高频词（如苏州天气说明文高频词 “season”“garden”）； 推理题：段落首尾句 + 逻辑词（如 “instead” 表转折，暗示雨天游览优势）。 试卷第2页，共12页 试卷第4页，共4页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 试卷第5页，共39页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 （建议用时：40分钟） 【限时练一：近年江苏中招真题·说明文15篇】 [01]（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）Some people think creativity is making something completely new, so they do not think of themselves as creative ones. However, some other people think creativity can just be expressing themselves through everyday acts and they are born creative because it is not an all-or-nothing quality or skill. Whether or not we realize it, we all have the ability to express creativity. Sometimes the path to creative productivity is being willing to do something different. Are you someone who loves to read comics? Perhaps it is time you create one of your own. Don’t worry if you cannot draw very well or feel that you cannot write humorous reports for characters. Nobody says this is an exam! You only have to please yourself, to gain the satisfaction that you try something new, all on your own. If you feel easy, you can of course share it with our loved ones, or post it on social media, Are you someone who likes to express yourself in writing? Try writing a blog. This is like the new version of a diary. In your blog, you can write about your thoughts, opinions and experiences. You can also write stories or plays, if you feel up to it! The blog provides you with a platform to create something new every day, in written forms. Are you someone who likes to be alone? Now, think about the things that make you happy. Find a small place in your room, or any place in your home, where you can spend time with yourself. It can be a small corner next to your bed or a wall. It can be a poster of your favourite rock star or photos of your friends. You can also pick a guitar if you like to play instruments, or a few storybooks if you love reading. Some of you may like flowers, candles or pretty things. Decorate your area with your favourite things in any way you like. That is creativity! And if you do feel bored with this, you can change, add or remove something. By realizing the chances in our daily lives to inspire our creativity, no matter how small, we may become more comfortable with taking bigger creative leaps in other aspects of our lives. 1. How does the writer begin the article? A. By asking questions. B. By giving examples. C. By comparing opinions. D. By explaining reasons. 2. From Paragraph 3 to Paragraph 5, what does the writer suggest? A. Trying something new. B. Avoiding something dangerous C. Trying something difficult. D. Avoiding something expensive. 3. In what ways can we show our creativity according to the article? ① playing the piano         ② receiving flowers              ③ keeping calm ④ writing blogs            ⑤ watching plays                ⑥ decorating rooms A. ②③⑥ B. ①③⑤ C. ①④⑥ D. ②④⑤ 4. The purpose of the article is to________. A. offer us all kinds of ideas and experiences B. teach us knowledge of different life skills C. encourage us to make something important D. ask us to develop creativity through small acts 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C 4. D 【导语】本文主要介绍了我们都有表达创造力的能力，通往创造性生产力的道路是愿意做一些不同的事情。 1. 推理判断题。根据“Some people think creativity is making something completely new, so they do not think of themselves as creative ones. However, some other people think...”可知文章开头通过不同人的观点引出了话题。故选C。 2. 推理判断题。根据“Sometimes the path to creative productivity is being willing to do something different.”并结合三段的内容可知，作者建议我们要尝试一些不同的东西。故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据“Try writing a blog...You can also write stories or plays”可知可以写一个博客、故事或戏剧；根据“You can also pick a guitar if you like to play instruments, or a few storybooks if you love reading”可知可以弹奏乐器；根据“Decorate your area with your favourite things in any way you like”可知可以装饰你的区域。故选项①④⑥可以展示我们的创造力。故选C。 4. 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了我们都有表达创造力的能力，通往创造性生产力的道路是愿意做一些不同的事情，所以作者是让我们通过小行为培养创造力。故选D。 [02]（2024·江苏南通·中考真题） Linda is looking through the website http://www.keepingfit.com. Here is what she reads. Researchers have found the health benefits of dancing for people in poor health condition, from improving brain health to creating community. Becky is teaching a group of 80 adults some dancing skills. Many of her students are seated in the dancing room because they have difficulty in moving. When they are following Becky’s pretty movements, a sense of peace comes over them. Dance as a medicine Helen, a researcher, says that dance requires different parts of the brain to work at the same time, that is to say, dance requires more “brain power” than simpler repetitive (重复的) exercises. She invited two groups of adults to take part in programmes for over six months. One group practised dancing and the other did a traditional exercise like cycling. Both groups improved their level of physical fitness, but the group of dancers improved more cognitive abilities, such as memory, attention and high-level thinking. Dance described by Helen as “pleasure double-play” can lift the mood and reduce stress. Dance as body acceptance Besides the physical and mental benefits, dance can also help people with diseases accept what their bodies can and can’t do. Jenny is Becky’s student. Her body went numb when she was in her mid-twenties. She had no feelings from the knees down. She suffered from serious muscle tightness and balance problems, making standing and walking difficult for her. Jenny recently joined an online dance programme. Not only has it improved her coordination (协调性). but it has enabled her to overcome her fear of being judged (评价) for how she moves, both in the dance class and out in the world. “I see so many people moving like me,” she says “I don’t have to be perfect in my dancing or make sure my leg lifts this way—it makes me comfortable with where I am right now.” Dance as community Perhaps one of the biggest benefits of dance is the sense of community it creates. Dancing with others not only makes people feel less different in their moving abilities, but also helps to fight against loneliness and problems in getting along with others. Becky started teaching more than 22 years ago, and she has helped 300 communities in 28 countries around the world. In some countries, such as India and South Kores, people have put their own cultural dance styles into their classes. Becky wants to create a sense of family and community for this group of people. Whenever and wherever she teaches, she hopes to make them feel joyful, get much closer to the community, and explore the limitless possibilities for the rest of their lives. 1. In which part of the website may you find this passage? A. Culture. B. Fashion. C. Health. D. Literature, 2. From “Dance as a medicine” part, we can learn that ________. A. the act of dancing helps to improve “brain power” B. the act of traditional exercise requires more attention C. dance needs more high-level thinking to lift the mood D. dance needs more repetitive exercises than “brain power” 3. How do you understand the underlined part of this passage? A. Jenny feels sad because she is weak in dancing. B. Jenny wants to be perfect after practising dancing. C. Jenny accepts the disabilities of her body after dancing. D. Jenny thinks she should treat her leg for better dancing. 4. What’s the best title for this passage? A. Dancing helps to cure illness B. Dancing helps to better yourself C. Dancing helps to change moods D. Dancing helps to reduce loneliness 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C 4. B 【导语】本文主要介绍了跳舞对健康状况不佳的人有益。 1. 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了跳舞对健康状况不佳的人有益，故文章可能出现在网站的“健康”部分。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据“dance requires more ‘brain power’ than simpler repetitive (重复的) exercises.”以及“but the group of dancers improved more cognitive abilities”可知舞蹈比简单的重复性运动需要更多的“脑力”，舞者组提高了更多的认知能力，所以跳舞有助于提高“脑力”。故选A。 3. 词句猜测题。根据“but it has enabled her to overcome her fear of being judged (评价) for how she moves, both in the dance class and out in the world.”以及“I don’t have to be perfect in my dancing or make sure my leg lifts this way—it makes me comfortable with where I am right now.”可知她克服了在舞蹈课上和世界上因她的动作而受到评判的恐惧，所以她不必完美地跳舞，也不必确保她的腿以这种方式抬起——这让她对现在的状态感到舒适，所以珍妮接受了跳舞后身体的残疾。故选C。 4. 最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了跳舞对健康状况不佳的人有益，以选项B“跳舞有助于提升自己”为标题最合适。故选B。 [03]（2024·江苏徐州·中考真题） In March 2006, burglars broke into a zoo in Queensland, Australia. They planned to steal a koala. Everybody loves koalas, right? With their big round eyes, flat noses, thick fur coat and hairy ears, these cute animals have become a popular symbol of Australia. However, appearances can be tricky. The koala at the zoo was very fierce. Soon the burglars had deep scratches (抓痕) from the koala’s sharp claws (爪), so they decided to steal something easier. They stole a crocodile instead! Koalas are interesting animals. A koala mother carries her baby, called a joey, in a warm pouch, or pocket, on her stomach. Koalas eat only the oily leaves of eucalyptus trees (桉树). These leaves are harmful to many other animals, but koalas eat about two and a half pounds (just over one kilo) every night. There is enough water in these leaves, so koalas do not drink very much. In fact, in one local Australian language the word koala means “no drink”. 1. What did the burglars steal in the end? A. A koala. B. A crocodile. C. A joey. D. A tree. 2. What will “fierce” animals probably do? A. They show politeness. B. They always feel hungry. C. They sleep all day long. D. They get ready to attack. 3. From the passage we know about koalas EXCEPT ________. A. what they look like B. when they have babies C. what they live on D. why they seldom drink 4. What’s the best title for the passage? A. Koalas Fight Back! B. Koalas Start to Change! C. Koalas Beat Crocodiles! D. Koalas Prefer Oily Leaves! 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B 4. A 【导语】本文通过讲述窃贼闯入澳大利亚的一家动物园，想盗取考拉，但是考拉很凶猛，最后窃贼反而偷走了鳄鱼。并重点介绍了考拉的情况。 1. 细节理解题。根据“They stole a crocodile instead!”可知，窃贼最终偷走一只鳄鱼，故选B。 2. 词义猜测题。根据“Soon the burglars had deep scratches (抓痕) from the koala’s sharp claws”可知， 考拉很凶猛，用爪子抓伤了窃贼，“fierce” 表示“凶猛的”，因此，凶猛的动物可能会准备攻击。故选D。 3. 细节理解题。根据“With their big round eyes, flat noses, thick fur coat and hairy ears”“Koalas eat only the oily leaves of eucalyptus trees”以及“There is enough water in these leaves, so koalas do not drink very much.”可知，文章中提到了考拉的外貌、食物和饮水习惯，但没有提到它们何时生育。故选B。 4. 最佳标题题。文章主要讲述了考拉反击窃贼的故事，因此“Koalas Fight Back!”是最合适的标题。故选A。 [04]（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）China is home to tea and has a long history of tea culture. As time goes by, the tea culture has developed greatly. In the Tang Dynasty, people not only drank tea, but also ate the tea leaves. That was why tasting tea was called “tea-eating”. In the Song Dynasty, the way people drank tea became romantic and was full of art. In the Ming Dynasty, tasting tea returned to its true nature of “drinking tea”. People put dry tea leaves in the cup and then poured boiled water into it before drinking. And in the Qing Dynasty, the tea culture finally came into common families. Drinking tea became part of their daily life. At the same time, there were more tea houses. Nowadays, making tea around a stove (围炉煮茶) has become popular among young people. This is a special way of drinking tea. Many young people like to choose a quiet and comfortable environment to make tea. While boiling tea, there must be delicate and tasty snacks like small oranges and sweet potatoes on the charcoal (炭) stove, satisfying people’s eyes and mouth. And beautiful cups and teapots would bring them more pleasure in mind. What they enjoy are art, spiritual world and the deep Chinese tea culture. Away from their busy work and life, they feel calm and peaceful in mind. In fact, people began to make tea around a stove in ancient times. Traditionally, about the art of making tea, the most important part is the types of tea, water quality, the control of fire, the choices of tea tools, and the skills of brewing (沏茶). In some ways, the art of making tea is a kind of communication between tea and people. As time passes by, Chinese tea culture continues to develop. Modern tea culture has mixed traditional and modern art and life, showing a more open and colorful culture. 1. When did people not only drink tea but also eat the tea leaves? A. In the Tang Dynasty. B. In the Song Dynasty. C. In the Ming Dynasty. D. In the Qing Dynasty. 2. What does the underlined word “delicate” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Boring. B. Attractive. C. Awful. D. Large. 3. Why is making tea around a stove popular with modern young people? A. Because they enjoy calm and peace in mind. B. Because they can stay together with families. C. Because they like eating oranges and potatoes. D. Because they want to return to the ancient times. 4. What is the best title for the passage? A. The types of the tea leaves. B. The environments of drinking tea. C. The future of the tea culture. D. The development of the tea culture. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A 4. D 【导语】本文主要讲述了茶文化的发展。 1. 细节理解题。根据“In the Tang Dynasty, people not only drank tea, but also ate the tea leaves.”可知，在唐代，人们不仅喝茶，而且还吃茶叶。故选A。 2. 词句猜测题。根据“While boiling tea, there must be delicate and tasty snacks like small oranges and sweet potatoes on the charcoal (炭) stove, satisfying people’s eyes and mouth.”可知，围炉煮茶时需要有吸引人的零食来满足人们的眼睛和口欲，因此“delicate”意为“attractive有吸引力的”，故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据“And beautiful cups and teapots would bring them more pleasure in mind.”可知，美丽的茶杯和茶壶会给他们带来更多的快乐。故选A。 4. 最佳标题题。根据“As time passes by, Chinese tea culture continues to develop.”可知，本文主要讲述了茶文化的发展。故选D。 [05]（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）①China published the world’s first highly clear lunar geologic (地质的) atlas (地图集) on April 21. According to the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), it will provide up-to-date information for future lunar research and exploration. ②“These maps will help choose locations for future lunar research stations,” Ouyang Ziyuan, a well-known lunar scientist, said. “They can also help us better know about the Earth and other planets in the solar system, like Mars.” ③The world has seen great progress in the field of lunar science over the past half a century. However, the lunar geologic atlas that was developed during the Apollo Program remained unchanged. “As lunar geologic studies develop, those old maps can no longer satisfy future needs,” said Liu Jianzhong, a CAS researcher. ④Since 2012, Ouyang and Liu have led a team of scientists from several research centers in compiling (编制) this atlas. Their work was mainly built on information gained from China’s Chang’e Program. Information from other research projects and international tasks was also used. ⑤The new geologic atlas, which is published in both Chinese and English, presents a scale (比例尺) of 1: 2.5 million. Compared with the 1:5 million scale lunar maps from the US in 2020, these larger scale maps show more details. As well as the geologic history of the moon, they provide information on its 14 types of structures (结构) and 17 types of rocks. A total of 12,341 impact craters (撞击坑) and 81 impact basins have also been marked. ⑥This atlas is set to serve many useful purposes, such as lunar resources research and science education. Liu said the upcoming Chang’e-6 task would also use the atlas. “Our maps can help the research by providing scientific support,” he explained. ⑦“Compiling the atlas was a huge task, which included years of effort from a large number of researchers,” said Gregory Michael, a German scientist. “It will be a starting point for every new question of lunar geology.” 1. What is the great value of the new atlas? A. It is the first lunar geologic atlas in the world. B. It proves the hard work of Chinese scientists. C. It will meet the future needs in lunar studies. D. It is built on information from many researches. 2. What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? A. The large size and mystery of the moon. B. The discovery of Chang’e Program. C. The details of the new geologic atlas. D. The challenges the scientists face. 3. How does the writer prove “This atlas is set to serve many useful purposes”? A. By comparing different purposes. B. By using Chang’e-6 task as an example. C. By using a German scientist’s words. D. By listing information from the new maps. 4. What does “It” in the last paragraph refer to(指代)? A. Scientific support. B. The lunar research. C. Effort from researchers. D. Compiling the atlas. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 4. D 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国发布的世界上首个高清晰度月球地质图集及其重要性。 1. 推理判断题。根据“However, the lunar geologic atlas that was developed during the Apollo Program remained unchanged. ‘As lunar geologic studies develop, those old maps can no longer satisfy future needs,’”可知，旧的月球地质图集已经不能满足未来的需求，而新的图集将满足未来月球研究的需求。故选C。 2. 主旨大意题。根据“Compared with the 1:5 million scale lunar maps from the US in 2020…impact craters (撞击坑) and 81 impact basins have also been marked”可知，第五段主要介绍了新地质图集的详细信息。故选C。 3. 推理判断题。根据“Liu said the upcoming Chang’e-6 task would also use the atlas. ‘Our maps can help the research by providing scientific support,’”可知，作者通过使用嫦娥六号任务作为例子来证明“这个图集将有很多有用的用途”。故选B。 4. 词句猜测题。根据“‘Compiling the atlas was a huge task… ‘It will be a starting point for every new question of lunar geology.’”可知，It指代的是“Compiling the atlas编制图集”。故选D。 [06]（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题） A theory of emotionTwo scientists called Stanley Schachter and Jerome Singer developed the two-factor theory of emotion in 1962. They said that emotions are formed in two parts. First, the body has a physical response to a threat and then the mind considers the physical response as an emotion, which is then felt by the person. For example, imagine you are walking through a forest and you see a bear. Seeing it would probably start a physical response, such as your heart beating very fast and sweat breaking out. Your mind then decides that this is fear, which you feel as an emotion. A new study has suggested that the key to reducing feelings of anger is not venting (letting the angry emotions out) but doing calming activities such as yoga or meditation. The study was published in March by Sophie Kjaervik and Brad Bushman from Ohio State University in the US. They wanted to explore the popular theory that venting (expressing) anger is a good way of reducing it. Examples of venting anger include shouting or hitting something like a cushion, so that you let go of the emotion and therefore don’t feel it any more. The pair looked at 154 other studies on anger. These involved 10, 189 people, and included a variety of ages and backgrounds. In their study, Kjaervik and Bushman define anger as “an emotional response (反应) to a real or imagined threat (威胁)”. They used a theory of emotion (情绪假说) that says emotions are partly felt in your body and partly in your mind. The scientists looked at the other studies to see how different activities influenced anger. They found that activities such as running or boxing—which are often thought to be good for dealing with anger—weren’t very good at reducing it. In fact, some of these activities actually made it worse because they increased physical responses in the body that are linked to feeling angry. For example, they made people’s hearts beat faster. However, activities that decreased physical responses in the body did help to reduce feelings of anger. These included activities that slow the heart rate, such as deep breathing, meditation and yoga. Bushman says activities that increase physical responses may be good for heart health but are “definitely not the best way to reduce anger”. The team found jogging was most likely to increase anger. However, some heart-rate increasing activities—like ball games and team sports—could reduce anger. 1. What is the main finding of the new study? A. A new method of venting anger. B. A new method of reducing anger. C. Good activities to vent anger. D. Good activities to reduce anger. 2. What can we learn about calming activities? A. They can reduce feelings of anger. B. They can increase the heart rate. C. They are good for mind health. D. They are good for heart health. 3. According to Schachter and Singer’s theory, what happens first if you see a snake and feel afraid? A. You get the feeling of fear. B. You get the feeling of calm. C. Your heart beats fast. D. Your heart beats slowly. 4. The following sentence can best be put at the end of ________. They think this shows that fun or playful activities help to reduce negative feelings. A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了关于情绪的两因素理论，以及一项新的研究发现，即减少愤怒感觉的关键不是发泄，而是做一些如瑜伽或冥想等平静的活动。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study has suggested that the key to reducing feelings of anger is not venting (letting the angry emotions out) but doing calming activities such as yoga or meditation.”可知，新的研究发现，减少愤怒感觉的关键不是发泄，而是做一些如瑜伽或冥想等平静的活动，故这项新的研究主要发现了一些可以减少愤怒的好的活动。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“However, activities that decreased physical responses in the body did help to reduce feelings of anger. These included activities that slow the heart rate, such as deep breathing, meditation and yoga.”可知，那些能够减少身体反应的活动，即深呼吸、冥想和瑜伽等平静的活动有助于减少愤怒感觉。故选A。 3. 推理判断题。根据“For example, imagine you are walking through a forest and you see a bear. Seeing it would probably start a physical response, such as your heart beating very fast and sweat breaking out.”可知，文章指出，当我们看到一只熊时，我们的身体可能会做出反应，比如心跳得很快，出汗。故可知当我们看到一条蛇并感到害怕时，我们心跳也会加快。故选C。 4. 推理判断题。根据第四段“However, some heart-rate increasing activities—like ball games and team sports—could reduce anger.”可知，团队发现一些增加心率的活动，如球类运动和团队运动，可能会减少愤怒。这表明有趣的活动有助于减少负面情绪。故这句话可以放在第四自然段的结尾。故选D。 [07]（2024·江苏苏州·中考真题）China has become the world’s largest producer and market of EVs (电车). According to a report, 9.58 million Chinese-made EVs were produced and 9.49 million were sold in 2023. Among the total sales, 1.2 million EVs were exported (出口). The Chinese government has been encouraging EVs as part of its effort for green, high-quality development. As a result, China’s EV industry develops very quickly. At Auto (汽车) China 2004, BYD was the only company showing EVs there. At Auto China 2024, there were 278 different EV models on show, including BYD, SAIC, Geely, Li Auto, Nio, Xpeng and other brands (品牌). China’s EV industry is now facing both challenges and chances. It’s reported that 71% of EV brands cut prices in 2023. EV makers without the ability of innovation (创新) will face growing risks. In order to be both green and smart, Chinese EV makers are trying hard to improve technologies like battery qualities and AI support. At the same time, the government is adding even more charging points (充电站). On the other hand, more Chinese people are aware of the environmental problems. It is encouraging more buyers to choose EVs. EVs are the way of the future. In an ideal world, everyone benefits from innovation and green transport. Some might get there sooner than others, and will gain greater rewards. It is very likely that China will hold the lead. 1. How many Chinese-made EVs were sold in China in 2023? A. 8.38 million. B. 9.49 million. C. 9.58 million. D. 8.29 million. 2. What is the purpose of Paragraph 2? A. To introduce different EV brands in China. B. To give some information about Auto China. C. To show the development of China’s EV industry. D. To advise people to buy Chinese-made EVs. 3. EV makers can most probably reduce growing risks by ______. A. improving innovation ability B. winning the government’s support C. adding more charging points D. dealing with environmental problems 4. What’s the writer’s attitude (态度) towards the future of China’s EV industry? A. Uncertain. B. Hopeful. C. Doubtful. D. Worried. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国在电动汽车行业的发展以及面临的机遇和挑战。 1. 细节理解题。根据“According to a report, 9.58 million Chinese-made EVs were produced and 9.49 million were sold in 2023. Among the total sales, 1.2 million EVs were exported (出口).”可知，2023年中国制造的电动汽车销量为949万辆，其中包括出口120万辆，故在国内销售了829万辆。故选D。 2. 段落大意题。根据“At Auto (汽车) China 2004, BYD was the only company showing EVs there. At Auto China 2024, there were 278 different EV models on show”可知，2004年的汽车展上只有一家展示电动汽车的品牌，但是到了2024年有了多家品牌，文章第二段的内容表明了中国电车行业的发展。故选C。 3. 推理判断题。根据“EV makers without the ability of innovation (创新) will face growing risks”可知，没有创新能力的电动汽车制造商将面临越来越大的风险，故可知电动汽车制造商可以通过提高创新能力来降低风险。故选A。 4. 观点态度题。根据最后一段“EVs are the way of the future…It is very likely that China will hold the lead.”可知，作者认为电动汽车行业大有可为，且中国在未来会居于领先地位，故可知作者对中国电动汽车行业的未来是充满希望的。故选B。 [08]（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题）As we know, eating vegetables is good for us. Why do some people like them but others don’t? A new study has found that other people’s likes and dislikes could be a reason. According to the research, people who eat vegetables and show a clear dislike for them can influence others. People may make facial expressions (面部表情) when eating. How does it affect a person watching them? A team of scientists in the UK did a study. They asked more than 200 young women to watch videos of other adults eating broccoli (西兰花). The people in the videos had different expressions while eating. They would smile, seem neutral (neither happy nor sad), or look disgusted. The study found that when people in the videos look disgusted while eating broccoli, people watching them began to like broccoli less. The opposite was not true, however. When someone had a smile while eating broccoli, people watching them did not like broccoli more. By watching others, humans learn which behaviors will be good for them. Scientists believe that people might avoid food that looks terrible. In this way, people can protect themselves from eating something bad or dangerous. The research focused only on adults, but the team believe that the results could also work for children. This means, if children see their parents not enjoying certain foods, including vegetables, they might not want to eat them either. How does the behavior of adults influence children’s choices of food? The team said they hope to understand more about it. This could help find ways to encourage children to eat more healthy foods. 1. What does the underlined word “disgusted” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Excited. B. Amazed. C. Unhappy. D. Untidy. 2. What’s the result of the study? A. People may prefer the food others like. B. Children dislike eating certain vegetables. C. Young women are easily affected by others. D. People may not choose the food others dislike. 3. The team may do further study on _________. A. the safety of children’s food B. the wish to understand children C. the influences of parents’ behavior D. the ways to produce healthy foods 4. What is the best title of the text? A. Videos affect choices of food B. Studies on vegetables help a lot C. Expressions prevent possible dangers D. Opinions on vegetables influence others 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了吃蔬菜并表现出不喜欢蔬菜的人会对别人造成影响，由此可以帮助专家找到鼓励年轻人多吃对他们健康有益的食物的方法。 1. 词义猜测题。根据“They would smile, seem neutral (neither happy nor sad), or look disgusted.”可知他们会微笑，看起来很中立(既不高兴也不悲伤)，或者看起来很厌恶，故此处划线部分和unhappy意义相近。故选C。 2. 推理判断题。根据“The study found that when people in the videos look disgusted while eating broccoli, people watching them began to like broccoli less”可知研究发现，当视频中的人在吃西兰花时看起来很恶心时，观看视频的人开始不喜欢西兰花，即人们可能不会选择别人不喜欢的食物。故选D。 3. 推理判断题。根据“How does the behavior of adults influence children’s choices of food? The team said they hope to understand more about it”可知成年人的行为如何影响儿童对食物的选择，该团队表示，他们希望了解更多，所以会继续研究父母行为的影响。故选C。 4. 最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了吃蔬菜并表现出不喜欢蔬菜的人会对别人造成影响，由此可以帮助专家找到鼓励年轻人多吃对他们健康有益的食物的方法，以选项D“对蔬菜的看法影响他人”为标题最合适。故选D。 [09]（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题） If you grew up in an unusual family and felt limited by heavy thoughts, how would you change your life story? In the book Educated, the US writer Tara Westover shows us how she deals with hard times. The book talks about Westover’s life. Her father had a junkyard (废品场) in Idaho, US. It’s a very small mountain village. Tara and her brothers and sisters worked every day. Before she turned 17, she had never traveled outside. None of the kids in her family had ever been to a school or a hospital. As she got older, she felt that she needed to get away from this uncomfortable situation. Luckily, Westover’s older brother taught her to read. With hard work, Westover went to college on a scholarship, and later got a PhD (博士学位) in History at Cambridge University. Education changed her, her life, her way of thinking and even her luck. After reading the book, I come to feel the deepest thanks for my own family, and the education I got. Education allows girls like Westover to fly like birds toward their own goals. It allows us to get a different view, find new experiences, better understand others and explore the wider world. I wish for all of us to be like free and powerful birds, growing and changing through challenges and difficulties. 1. What’s the writing purpose of paragraph 1? A. To attract readers’ interest. B. To collect Westover’s opinion. C. To show how to deal with hard times. D. To explain how to change one’s life story. 2. What can we learn about Westover’s life from paragraph 2? A. Her brother got a PhD in History. B. She changed her life with hard work. C. Her life in the village was comfortable. D. She left the small village in childhood. 3. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Directions of birds’ flying. B. The ways of thinking. C. Experiences of girls’ growing. D. The power of education. 4. What is the text? A. A news report. B. A book review. C. A science fiction. D. A reading plan. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. B 【导语】本文主要介绍了美国作家Tara Westover在她的书中展示了她是如何应对困难的，并介绍了作者读完这本书之后的感想。 1. 推理判断题。根据“If you grew up in an unusual family and felt limited by heavy thoughts, how would you change your life story? In the book Educated, the US writer Tara Westover shows us how she deals with hard times.”可知第一段引出了本文的话题，故第一段的目的是吸引读者的兴趣。故选A。 2. 推理判断题。根据“With hard work, Westover went to college on a scholarship, and later got a PhD (博士学位) in History at Cambridge University”可知通过努力学习，Westover获得奖学金上了大学，后来在剑桥大学获得了历史博士学位，所以她通过努力改变了自己的生活。故选B。 3. 主旨大意题。根据“Education changed her, her life, her way of thinking and even her luck...”可知最后一段主要介绍了教育的力量。故选D。 4. 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了美国作家Tara Westover在她的书中展示了她是如何应对困难的，并介绍了作者读完这本书之后的感想，故本文是一个书评。故选B。 [10]（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）Scientists who study happiness have evidence (证据) to show that being kind to others can result in happiness. Acts as simple as buying a cup of coffee for someone can lift a person’s mood, for example. Everyday life is full of chances for such actions, yet people do not always make the most of them. In studies, behavioral scientist Nicholas Epley and I examined a possible explanation: people who do kind acts underestimate (低估) how much the ones receiving kindness value their behavior. In the experiments (实验), about 1, 000 people were asked to do some actions to make someone else feel good. We asked both the person performing (执行) the kind act and the one receiving it to answer some questions. The performers were asked to report their own experience and to guess how the receivers might feel. We wanted to understand how valuable people considered these acts to be, so both the performer and receiver had to rate (评分) how “big” the act seemed. In all cases, we compared the performer’s expectations of the receiver’s mood with the receiver’s actual (实际的) experience. For one, both performers and receivers experienced more positive (积极的) moods. For another, the receivers felt much better than the kind performers expected. The receivers also rated these acts as “bigger” than the people performing them did. At first, we studied acts of the kindness done for familiar people, such as friends, classmates or family. But we found that performers underestimated their positive influences on strangers as well. In one experiment, performers in a public park gave away hot chocolate on a cold winter’s day to people that just happened to be nearby. Again, the kind act brought more happiness than the performers expected. These findings suggest that what might seem small could matter a great deal to the person we do it for. Considering these warm actions can improve our own mood and brighten the day of another person, why not choose kindness when we can? 1. What did the receivers do in the experiments? A. They showed kindness to others. B. They guessed the performers’ feelings. C. They rated how valuable the performers’ act of kindness was. D. They compared the performers’ expectations with their actual results. 2. What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A. Different purposes of the research. B. More evidence for the research results. C. Possible influences of the research findings. D. Another explanation of the research methods. 3. What is the writer’s attitude (态度) towards showing kindness to others? A. Supportive. B. Unclear. C. Doubtful. D. Uninterested. 4. What is the main idea of this article? A. Being kind can reduce one’s happiness as expected. B. Kindness can have unexpectedly positive influences. C. Choosing kindness is more difficult than expected. D. Showing kindness is more valuable than receiving it. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B 【导语】本文主要介绍了研究表明，善良会产生意想不到的积极影响。 1. 细节理解题。根据“both the performer and receiver had to rate (评分) how ‘big’ the act seemed”可知接受者都必须对善意行为的程度进行评分。故选C。 2. 主旨大意题。根据“At first, we studied acts of the kindness done for familiar people...the kind act brought more happiness than the performers expected.”可知本段主要介绍了一些证明研究结果的更多证据。故选B。 3. 推理判断题。根据“why not choose kindness when we can?”可知作者建议我们要选择善良，所以作者对于对别人友善的行为是支持的。故选A。 4. 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了研究表明，善良会产生意想不到的积极影响。故选B。 [11]（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）Sending astronauts to Mars is a big challenge. Astronauts will have to take everything they need, including food, air and water. The room inside the spaceship is too limited to hold many things. So packing a spaceship is a huge challenge for a trip to Mars. Six astronauts on an eight-month trip to Mars will need at least 18,000 kilograms of water for drinking and washing. They’ll also need water to protect themselves from space rays which can pass right through spaceship walls and harm astronauts’ living cells. But a layer of water placed around the ship can stop the harm. That’s a lot of water. And sending water into space is too expensive. It costs $33,000 to send one cup of water to Mars. The more you take, the more it costs. We have the technology to get to Mars, but the problem is that it’s too expensive. But Flynn, an engineer at NASA, thinks he has a way of solving the problem. Instead of building a heavy spaceship and packing it full of stuff (物料), why not use the stuff as part of the spaceship? Imagine a spaceship that blows up like a balloon. Inside, the walls have pockets like a big honeycomb (蜂巢). These hold lots of plastic bags filled with water, dried food and algae (水藻). All these make hard walls and great radiation (辐射) protection. And stopping radiation doesn’t influence the food or water itself—it’s safe to eat and drink. And what if the same water could be reused again and again? Flynn and his team call their packed-pocket idea Water Walls. Making oxygen and taking away CO2—the waste gas you breathe out—is another problem in space. “Water Walls will take away CO2 the same way it’s done here on our Earth—with living plants,” Flynn says. Living plants take in CO2 to make their food, and give off oxygen. “Plants are hard to grow in a spacecraft, so we use algae,” he says. Algae are tiny plants that live in water. The algae will live in bags in the walls too, fed by human waste and sunlight, eating up CO2 and making oxygen for the astronauts to breathe. Flynn thinks his onboard recycling system has many advantages. He hopes it will help make flying to Mars a reality very soon. 1. What does the underlined phrase “packing a spaceship” in paragraph 1 most probably mean? A. repairing things in a spaceship B. recycling things in a spaceship C. checking things in a spaceship D. putting things into a spaceship 2. What is the advantage of Flynn’s system? A. Cost is saved. B. Travelling time is saved. C. Plastic bags are saved. D. Food is saved. 3. What is one purpose of Flynn’s idea of Water Walls? A. To prevent space rays during the space trip. B. To make the whole spaceship stronger. C. To control the temperature in the spaceship. D. To produce water in the spaceship. 4. Why are algae put in the plastic bags? A. To prevent water from being polluted. B. To serve as food for astronauts. C. To provide oxygen for astronauts. D. To help other plants grow in a spaceship. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. A 4. C 【导语】本文主要介绍了美国国家航空航天局的工程师弗林为了解决宇航员在太空中生活而存在的一些问题，提出了把生活用品作为宇宙飞船的一部分。 1. 词义猜测题。根据“The room inside the spaceship is too limited to hold many things. So packing a spaceship is a huge challenge for a trip to Mars.”可知，宇宙飞船里的空间太有限了，放不下很多东西，因此，把东西放进宇宙飞船对火星之旅来说是一个巨大的挑战。故此处划线部分packing a spaceship意为“把东西放进宇宙飞船里”。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据“but the problem is that it’s too expensive”以及“But Flynn, an engineer at NASA, thinks he has a way of solving the problem.”可知，他的系统的好处是没有那么贵，即节省了费用。故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据“All these make hard walls and great radiation (辐射) protection.”可知，水墙概念的目的之一就是阻止巨大的辐射。故选A。 4. 细节理解题。根据“The algae will live in bags in the walls too, fed by human waste and sunlight, eating up CO2 and making oxygen for the astronauts to breathe.”可知，藻类吸收二氧化碳，并为宇航员呼吸制造氧气。故选C。 [12]（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）The Drama Festival will run in and outside China from June 20 to July 7. Sixty-five works will be put on both in theaters and online. “The festival is all about imagination connecting drama with the latest technology,” says Liu Chang, manager of the festival, who is also a drama director. Technology has improved design, performances and so on. Artists like Liu aren’t sure if the new technology can take drama to the future. A Chinese play directed by Meng Jinghui, inspired (赋予灵感) by the two-part drama Faust by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, will be on as the opening play of the festival. In the first half of the play, Meng introduces the story to 400 real audiences (观众) sitting in the Fengchao Theater in Beijing. The second half of the play will have more audiences, who use their cellphones, computers and headsets to be part of the play online. Zhang Zhouxiang is a director full of imagination. His work, inspired by Hieronymus Bosch’s painting The Garden of Earthly Delights, will be shown from June 30 to July 2. Supported by AI, audiences can explore the fictitious scene, similar to the feeling in the real world, as the painting describes. “The stage (舞台) design is done by AI, which is like an assistant realizing the ideas of me and my team,” says Liu, “Now I try to use the latest technology, such as ChatGPT, to write the script, and I am still working on it because the language model is difficult to understand.” Now technology is playing a more and more important role. Many artists want to use it to improve drama. They are very interested in the relationship between people and the latest technology, especially when connected in drama—a scene to dream. 1. Which of the following is true according to this passage? A. Liu doubts whether technology can greatly improve drama. B. Meng’s two-part drama Faust will be on at the opening. C. Audiences can explore the scene of Liu’s work by AI. D. Liu has managed to write the script by ChatGPT. 2. What does the underlined word “fictitious” mean in Paragraph 3? A. colorful B. unreal C. fantastic D. boring 3. What is the structure of this passage? (1=Paragraph 1, 2-Paragraph 2…) A. B. C. D. 4. What is the best title of this passage? A. A drama festival B. Human imagination C. Drama of the future D. AI-assisted technology 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A 4. D 【导语】本文主要介绍AI在戏剧节中的运用。 1. 细节理解题。根据“Artists like Liu aren’t sure if the new technology can take drama to the future.”可知刘不确定科技是否能把戏剧带向未来。故选A。 2. 词义猜测题。根据“Supported by AI, audiences can explore the fictitious scene, similar to the feeling in the real world, as the painting describes.”可知描述的场景与真实世界的感受类似，说明“fictitious scene”表示并非真实的场景。故选B。 3. 篇章结构题。第一段引出文章话题戏剧节中AI的运用；第二，三，四段介绍Meng Jinghui，Zhang Zhouxiang和Liu Chang介绍AI在此次作品和戏剧节中的运用；第五段总结全文。故文章结构是总分总的结构。故选A。 4. 最佳标题题。本文主要介绍AI在戏剧节中的运用。D项“AI辅助的科技”符合题意。故选D。 [13]（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题） You stand in a garden. A low noise reaches your ears. You see a small insect flying near your head. You turn to look, and it flies out of sight. There it is again! You move slowly. You can see yellow and black stripes on it. Is it a bee? It lands on a flower, and you take a closer look. Bees fold(折叠) their wings onto their backs when they stop flying. But this insect’s wings reach out like a fly’s. That’s because it is a fly—a flower fly. Many flower flies look like bees. This helps keep them safe from animals that may want to eat them. Insects with yellow and black stripes usually have stingers(刺). Insect eaters, such as some birds and frogs, need to get stung only once to know that stripes mean trouble. Flower flies can’t sting, but insect eaters see the stripes and leave the flies alone. Flower flies spend most of their time looking for food. Like bees, flower flies eat pollen(花粉) and nectar(花蜜). This makes them easy to find in a garden full of flowers. They are helpful garden insects just like bees. Adult flower flies move pollen from one flower to another, which helps some flowers grow into fruit. Flower flies can stay in one place while flying. Most insects move forward when they fly. But flower flies can twist their wings, much like hummingbirds do. Twisting keeps them in one place, so they can remain over flowers, leaves, or even you! 1. In which part of a magazine can we probably see this passage? A. Nature. B. Culture. C. Fashion. D. Health. 2. In which way are bees and flower flies different? A. The food that they eat. B. The colour of their stripes. C. The way they help garden flowers grow. D. The shape of wings when they stop flying. 3. What does the underlined phrase “leave the flies alone” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. Make friends with the flies. B. Eat the flies up. C. Keep away from the flies. D. Invite the flies in. 4. What might the writer of the passage agree with? A. People usually prefer bees to flower flies. B. People sometimes mistake flower flies for bees. C. People should stop birds eating bees and flower flies. D. People should have beautiful gardens in their neighbourhood. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了花蝇的外观、生理构造及生活习性等。 1. 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了花蝇的相关知识，应该在杂志的“自然”部分看到此文章。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据“Bees fold(折叠) their wings onto their backs when they stop flying. But this insect’s wings reach out like a fly’s. That’s because it is a fly—a flower fly.”可知，蜜蜂停止飞行时把翅膀叠在背上，但花蝇的翅膀却是伸出来。故两者的不同之处在于停止飞行时翅膀的形状。故选D。 3. 词句猜测题。根据“Insect eaters, such as some birds and frogs, need to get stung only once to know that stripes mean trouble. Flower flies can’t sting, but insect eaters see the stripes and leave the flies alone.”可知，带有黄色和黑色条纹的昆虫通常有刺，花蝇身上有黄黑条纹，虽然它身上没有刺，但是一些以昆虫为食的动物看到花蝇身上的条纹就会远离花蝇，故划线部分意为“远离花蝇”。故选C。 4. 推理判断题。根据“Is it a bee? It lands on a flower, and you take a closer look.”及“Many flower flies look like bees.”可知，花蝇的外观和生活习性与蜜蜂有些相似，所以人们有时会把花蝇误认为蜜蜂。故选B。 [14]（2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Family is very important for everyone, no matter where you are from. So in both East and West, people have festivals to celebrate family reunions(团聚). These festivals include the Mid-Autumn Festival in China and Thanksgiving Day in the US. How are they celebrated and what are the differences? Let’s take a look. Sharing the moonlight The Mid-Autumn Festival is the second most important traditional festival in China after the Spring Festival. It’s on the 15th day of the eighth month of Chinese lunar calendar. In ancient China, the day was considered as a harvest festival since fruits, vegetables and grain(谷物) had been collected from the fields. All the family got together and had a big dinner. They ate a special festival food-moon cakes and enjoyed the full moon. On that day, the moon is full. The full moon is a symbol for family reunions which mean tuanyuan in Chinese. Now people also celebrate the festival by getting together and having a big dinner. When it gets dark, people look up at the full moon, eating moon cakes and missing friends and relatives who are far from home. “We wish each other a long life so as to share the beauty of this graceful moonlight, even though miles apart!” wrote Su Shi, a famous Song Dynasty poet. Showing thanks Thanksgiving Day is one of the biggest holidays in the US. It’s on the fourth Thursday of November. People visit their friends and relatives to remind themselves that they are lucky to have happiness, health and family and also to have a roof over their heads. In 1621, about 100 English people took a ship, the Mayflower, and arrived in the northeastern US. The winter there was very cold and life was hard. As the American Indians helped them a lot, the English people asked them to have a big meal with then in order to express their thanks. The celebration lasted for three days. Today, people usually have a family meal on Thanksgiving Day. They enjoy delicious food such as pumpkin scorn and a big, golden turkey. There are other traditions on the day. For example, the turkey has a V-shaped bone in the breast. It’s called a wishbone. After roasting(烤), two persons each take one end of the bone. They make a wish and then pull it. If one gets the larger part of the bone, he or she will get good luck. The most important part of Thanksgiving Day is to say “thanks”— this is the spirit of the holiday. People also like to watch the Thanksgiving Day Parade on TV. 1. Why did people celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival in ancient China? A. Because people could eat moon cakes. B. Because people enjoyed the full moon. C. Because people could get together with relatives. D. Because people had a good harvest from the fields. 2. What does the underlined part “to have a roof over their heads” in the passage probably mean? A. To have somewhere to live. B. To have food to eat. C. To have friends to talk to. D. To have clothes to wear. 3. What is the spirit of Thanksgiving Day? A. To pull the bone. B. To play American football. C. To say “thanks”. D. To watch the Parade. 4. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. The background to the two festivals. B. The introduction to the two festivals. C. The activities of the two festivals. D. The customs of the two festivals. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍中国和美国庆祝家庭团聚的两个节日——中秋节和感恩节。 1. 细节理解题。根据“In ancient China, the day was considered as a harvest festival since fruits, vegetables and grain(谷物) had been collected from the fields.”可知，在中国古代，这一天被认为是丰收的节日，因为水果、蔬菜和谷物已经从田地里收集起来了。故选D。 2. 词句猜测题。分析“People visit their friends and relatives to remind themselves that they are lucky to have happiness, health and family and also to have a roof over their heads.”可知，人们拜访他们的朋友和亲戚来提醒自己，他们是幸运的，拥有幸福，健康和家庭，也有一个屋顶在他们的头上。“have a roof over their heads”的意思是“有地方住”，故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据“The most important part of Thanksgiving Day is to say ‘thanks’— this is the spirit of the holiday.”可知，感恩节最重要的部分是说“谢谢”——这是这个节日的精神。故选C。 4. 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍中国和美国庆祝家庭团聚的两个节日——中秋节和感恩节，故选B。 [15]（2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Spring is the season when plants start to grow freely from the ground. In China, wild spring greens are traditionally thought of as a healthy food. They are still common in many dishes today. Chinese toon shoots (香椿芽) Toon shoots are usually the best just before guyu, the sixth of the 24 solar terms (节气). Guyu means that spring is almost to end. This is when the leaves are very tender (嫩的). It is often cooked with eggs to balance the sometimes strong tastes of the leaves. It can also be prepared with tofu. Indian aster (马兰头) The meaning of Indian aster is to make a horse turn its head. It is said that its tender-taste could make a horse stop moving on. Perhaps because of the name, the green has become a goodbye gift, cooked when one wants to wish a friend a safe journey, according to the website The World of Chinese. The vegetable is usually boiled in water, cut and mixed with tofu and sesame oil. Shepherd’s purse (荠菜) Shepherd’s purse is a green herb (草本植物) with an unusual smell. It grows early in spring and can be eaten both cooked and uncooked. It tastes a little but bitter (苦的) and sweet and can be used in dumplings and wonton or cooked in soup. In traditional Chinese medicine, it is used to improve eyesight, deal with high blood pressure and stop bleeding. Luhao (芦蒿) Taken as a symbol of spring, luhao was thought highly of by a famous Chinese poet. He said, “When the land is green and luhao is everywhere, spring has truly arrived.” Before or during guyu, luhao is very tender and is usually cooked with meat. It tastes light and can be simply cooked with ginger, spring onion and a little chilli. Tips for eating wild vegetables ※ Do not eat wild vegetables you don’t know. ※ Do not eat polluted wild vegetables. ※ Do not eat wild vegetables which have been kept for a long time. Eat them fresh after picking them. ※ Do not take wild vegetables as a main course. 1. Why do people cook toon shoots with eggs according to the passage? A. To look more colorful. B. To make it taste sweet. C. To balance the strong taste. D. To make it healthy to people. 2. What do toon shoots and Indian aster have in common (有共同点) according to the passage? A. Both of them can be mixed with tofu. B. Both of them are very tender after guyu. C. Both of them are green herbs with usual tastes. D. Both of them can deal with high blood pressure. 3. Which of the following dishes might improve people’s eyesight? A. Toon shoots. B. Shepherd’s purse. C. Indian aster. D. Luhao. 4. What can we infer (推断) according to the tips in the passage? A. Do not eat the wild vegetables in spring. B. Take the wild vegetables as a main course. C. Store the wild vegetables as long as possible. D. The unknown wild vegetables might be harmful. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D 【导语】本文主要介绍了几种春季的野菜。 1. 细节理解题。根据“It is often cooked with eggs to balance the sometimes strong tastes of the leaves.”可知人们烹饪香椿芽的时候加入鸡蛋是为了平衡强烈的味道。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据“Chinese Toon shoots ... It can also be prepared with tofu.”及“Indian aster ... The vegetable is usually boiled in water, cut and mixed with tofu and sesame oil.”可知相同之处是两者都能和豆腐混在一起。故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据“Shepherd’s purse ... In traditional Chinese medicine, it is used to improve eyesight, deal with high blood pressure and stop bleeding.”可知荠菜可能会提升人的视力。故选B。 4. 推理判断题。根据“※ Do not eat wild vegetables you don’t know.”可知提醒不要吃不认识的野菜，由此推出不认识的野菜可能有害。故选D。 【限时练二：2025年江苏名校模拟·说明文15篇】 [1]（24-25九年级下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）You may drink bottled water when you are thirsty. But plastic bottles are bad for the environment. Is there a way not to use plastic bottles to hold water? Try the Ooho bubble (泡状物). It is a small ball of water. The water is in a soft container. People use it instead of a plastic bottle. It has no color, no smell and no taste. It is made from seaweed (海藻) and is safe for people to eat. You can make a hole in the container and drink water from it. Or you can just put the whole ball into your mouth. Three creators from a college in London made the Ooho bubble. It is good for the environment. And people can only spend 0.14 yuan buying one ball. It is much cheaper than a bottle of water, so many people like it. But there are still a lot of problems to solve. For example, each water ball doesn’t hold much water. People may have to drink a lot of them if they are very thirsty. Or some may feel it’s not clean to hold the water bubble with their hands.What do you think about it? 1. The Ooho bubble is a kind of ________. A. plastic B. bottle C. water D. paper 2. A lot of people like this kind of water because ________. A. it is much cheaper B. it is in a soft container C. it has no color or smell D. it is made from seaweed 3. The underlined word “container” means ________ in English. A. plastic B. bag C. cloth D. vessel 4. To make the Ooho bubble popular, what problem should be solved? A. The ball can just hold a little water. B. It is difficult to make a hole in the container. C. People cannot just hold the water ball with hands. D. The container made from seaweed is very expensive. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讨论了Ooho气泡作为替代塑料瓶的环保解决方案，介绍了其制作材料、优点以及存在的问题。 1. 细节理解题。根据“It is a small ball of water. The water is in a soft container.”可知，Ooho气泡的本质是水，只是通过容器封装成球状，故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据“people can only spend 0.14 yuan buying one ball. It is much cheaper than a bottle of water, so many people like it.”可知，价格低廉是受欢迎的主要原因，故选A。 3. 词句猜测题。根据上下文“The water is in a soft container”及“People use it instead of a plastic bottle”可知，“container”指盛装水的容器，与“vessel容器”含义一致，故选D。 4. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“each water ball doesn’t hold much water. People may have to drink a lot of them if they are very thirsty”可知，单个水球容量小是需要解决的关键问题，故选A。 [2]（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）At the 2025 CCTV Spring Festival Gala, a programme caught the attention of millions. It was a group of robots dancing Yangko (扭秧歌). The performance joined traditional Chinese Yangko dance and modern robot technology. The robots could “understand” the music. They could not only dance to the music but also adjust their movements in real-time according to the music. These robots were developed by Unitree Robotics, a leading Chinese robotics company that makes robots. Founded (成立) in 2016, the company has quickly been famous for its “four-legged” robots, which are designed to mimic (模仿) the movements of animals like dogs. They are designed to help with tasks like carrying heavy objects, exploring dangerous places or playing games. One special thing about Unitree’s robots is their low cost. For example, the Gol robot costs about $2,700, while similar robots from other companies can cost over $70,000! Today, Unitree robots are used in factories, schools and even at home. With their smart designs and friendly prices, Unitree is making robots more useful and fun for everyone! The company hopes that in the future, robots will become a common part of everyday life, helping people in their homes and workplaces. 1. How did the robots’ performance at the 2025 CCTV Spring Festival Gala attract millions? A. They performed without any traditional music. B. They could do wonderful tricks and play instruments. C. They were controlled by people who danced together. D. They mixed modern technology with traditional culture. 2. What does the word adjust probably mean in Paragraph 2? A. break something B. change or control things C. draw pictures D. cut things into pieces 3. What is Unitree Robotics known for according to the passage? A. Producing robots. B. Developing smartphones. C. Creating spaceships. D. Designing electric cars. 4. What can we learn from the passage? A. Robots will only be used in factories. B. Robots will help humans with all the tasks. C. Robots will bring a new life to our life. D. Robots will be more expensive in the future. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了机器人将在我们的生活中发挥重要的作用。 1. 细节理解题。根据“It was a group of robots dancing Yangko (扭秧歌). The performance joined traditional Chinese Yangko dance and modern robot technology.”可知，它们将现代科技与传统文化相结合，所以吸引了数百万人。故选D。 2. 词义猜测题。根据“They could not only dance to the music but also adjust their movements in real-time according to the music.”可知，它们能根据音乐实时调整动作，所以“adjust”是改变或控制（动作等）的意思。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据“These robots were developed by Unitree Robotics, a leading Chinese robotics company that makes robots.”可知，Unitree Robotics以生产机器人为人所知。故选A。 4. 推理判断题。根据“With their smart designs and friendly prices, Unitree is making robots more useful and fun for everyone! The company hopes that in the future, robots will become a common part of everyday life, helping people in their homes and workplaces.”可知，机器人将给我们的生活带来新的生活。故选C。 [3]（24-25九年级下·江苏南通·阶段练习）Unless we spend money to spot (认出，发现) and prevent asteroids (小行星) now, one might crash into Earth and destroy life as we know it, say some scientists. Asteroids are bigger versions of the meteoroids (流星体) that race across the night sky. Most orbit the sun far from Earth and don’t threaten us. But there are also thousands of asteroids whose orbits put them on a collision course with Earth. But $500 million worth of new telescopes right now, then spend $10 million a year for the next 25 years to locate most of the space rocks. By the time we spot a fatal one, the scientists say, we’ll have a way to change its course. Is it worth it? Two things experts consider when judging any risk are: (1) How likely the event is; (2) How bad the consequences if the event occurs. Experts think an asteroid big enough to destroy lots of life might strike Earth once every 500,000 years. Sounds pretty rare but if one did fall. It would be the end of the world. “If we don’t take care of these big asteroids, they’ll take care of us,” says one scientist. “It’s that simple.” The cure, though, might be worse than the disease. Do we really want fleets (舰队，车队) of nuclear weapons sitting around on Earth? “The world has less fear from doomsday (毁灭性) rocks than from a great nuclear fleet set against them.” said a New York Times article. 1. What does the passage say about asteroids and meteoroids? A. They are heavenly bodies different in composition. B. They are heavenly bodies similar in nature. C. They are more asteroids than meteoroids. D. Asteroids are more mysterious than meteoroids. 2. What do scientists say about the collision of an asteroid with Earth? A. It is very unlikely but the danger exists. B. Such a collision might occur once every 25 years. C. Collisions of smaller asteroids with Earth occur more often than expected. D. It’s still too early to say whether such a collision might occur. 3. We can conclude from the passage that _________. A. while pushing asteroids off course nuclear weapons would destroy the world B. asteroids racing across the night sky are likely to hit Earth in the near future C. the worry about asteroids can be left to future generations since it is unlikely to happen in our lifetime D. workable solutions still have to be found to prevent a collision of asteroids with Earth 4. Which of the following best describes the author’s tone in this passage? A. Optimistic. B. Critical (批评的). C. Objective (客观的). D. Arbitrary (武断的). 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 【导语】本文主要讨论了小行星对地球的潜在威胁以及科学家们提出的防范措施。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Asteroids are bigger versions of the meteoroids (流星体) that race across the night sky.”可知，小行星和流星体在本质上是相似的，只是大小不同。故选B。 2. 推理判断题。根据第四段“Experts think an asteroid big enough to destroy lots of life might strike Earth once every 500,000 years.”可知，专家认为，一颗足以摧毁大量生命的小行星可能每50万年撞击地球一次。由此推知，虽然撞击的可能性很低，但危险依然存在。故选A。 3. 推理判断题。根据第三段“By the time we spot a fatal one, the scientists say, we’ll have a way to change its course.”以及最后一段对核武器防范措施的讨论，可以推断出仍然需要找到可行的解决方案来防止小行星与地球相撞。故选D。 4. 推理判断题。文章通过引用科学家的观点和数据，客观地分析了小行星撞击地球的可能性以及防范措施的利弊，并未表现出明显的乐观、批评或武断的态度。由此推知，作者的语气是客观的。故选C。 [4]（2025·江苏苏州·模拟预测）An invasive species (入侵物种) of ant is changing the way lions hunt and eat in Kenya, according to a new study. The species’ arrival has led to a fall in the number of whistling thorn trees, which lions hide behind before they hunt zebras. The big-headed ant is one of the world’s worst invasive species. This means it is not from the area. The ants arrived in Kenya from southern Africa about 15 years ago, and since then have been attacking the acacia ants—ants that have lived there long ago. Acacia ants live in and look after the whistling thorn trees that spread over the landscape. In what’s known as a “symbiotic relationship (共生关系)”, the acacia ants feed on the trees and use them for cover. In return, they protect the trees from animals that might eat too much of them, like elephants or giraffes. They do this by moving and attacking together. Big-headed ants are very aggressive and they eat acacia ants and their eggs. As a result, the number of acacia ants is falling. Big-headed ants don’t protect whistling thorn trees either, so with fewer acacia ants, the trees are in trouble. Professor Todd Palmer, one of the study’s writers, and his team, found that in areas where big-headed ants appear, elephants destroy (破坏) five to seven times more trees than in areas free from the invaders. This means the landscape is more open and zebras are better able to spot any lion following them. Zebra killed in these areas are three times lower than in tree-filled places. The good news is that the lion population remains stable (稳定的) because the big cats are looking elsewhere for their lunch—they appear to be hunting buffalo (野牛) instead of zebras. This probably means that the tiny ants have caused lions to change their behaviour too, forcing them to hunt in larger groups for the bigger, heavier buffalo. Professor Palmer said, “We often find it’s the little things that rule the world.” 1. In the “symbiotic relationship”, ________. A. big-headed ants look after whistling thorn trees B. acacia ants feed on animals like elephants C. whistling thorn trees provide cover for acacia ants D. whistling thorn trees protect acacia ants from animals 2. The underlined word “aggressive” has the closest meaning to “________”. A. ready to attack B. willing to help C. easy to grow D. difficult to see 3. According to Paragraphs 4 & 5, which shows the CORRECT order of the changes? ① The landscape is more open. ② The number of acacia ants is falling. ③ Whistling thorn trees are in trouble. ④ Fewer zebras are killed in this area. A. ②③④① B. ②③①④ C. ③②①④ D. ③②④① 4. What’s the best title for the text? A. An Invasive Species of Ant B. Changes of the Whistling Thorn Trees C. Acacia Ants and Big-headed Ants D. Tiny Ants Can Change Lions’ Diets 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种入侵肯尼亚的大头蚁，它们攻击当地的金合欢蚁，破坏了金合欢蚁和哨刺树之间的共生关系，导致哨刺树减少，景观变得更开阔，斑马更易发现狮子，被杀死的斑马数量减少，狮子则改变了捕猎行为，开始更多地捕猎野牛，强调了微小的生物也可能对生态系统产生重大影响。 1. 细节理解题。根据第三段“In what’s known as a ‘symbiotic relationship’, the acacia ants feed on the trees and use them for cover. In return, they protect the trees from animals that might eat too much of them, like elephants or giraffes.”可知，在共生关系中，金合欢蚁以金合欢树 (哨刺树) 为食并利用它们作为掩护，反过来金合欢蚁保护树木免受像大象或长颈鹿等可能过度啃食树木的动物的侵害。故选C。 2. 词义猜测题。根据第四段“Big-headed ants are very aggressive and they eat acacia ants and their eggs.”可知，大头蚁吃金合欢蚁和它们的卵；据此可以推断，划线单词“aggressive”的意思应该是“富于攻击性的”，与选项A“ready to attack”的意思最接近。故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Big-headed ants are very aggressive and they eat acacia ants and their eggs. As a result, the number of acacia ants is falling.”可知，大头蚁很有攻击性，吃金合欢蚁和它们的卵，导致金合欢蚁数量下降，②“金合欢蚁的数量正在下降。”排第一；接着“Big-headed ants don’t protect whistling thorn trees either, so with fewer acacia ants, the trees are in trouble.”，金合欢蚁数量减少，且大头蚁不保护哨刺树，所以哨刺树陷入麻烦，③“哨刺树有麻烦了。”排第二；再根据第五段“Professor Todd Palmer, one of the study’s writers, and his team, found that in areas where big-headed ants appear, elephants destroy five to seven times more trees than in areas free from the invaders. This means the landscape is more open”可知，因为哨刺树被破坏，所以景观变得更开阔，①“景观更加开阔。”排第三；最后“Zebra killed in these areas are three times lower than in tree-filled places.”可知，开阔的景观使斑马更容易发现狮子，所以在这个地区被杀死的斑马更少，④“这个地区被杀的斑马比较少。”排第四；所以正确顺序是②③①④。故选B。 4. 最佳标题题。综合全文可知，本文开篇指出入侵物种大头蚁改变了肯尼亚狮子的捕猎和进食方式，接着介绍了大头蚁的入侵、对金合欢蚁和哨刺树的影响，以及由此导致的狮子捕猎对象从斑马转向野牛等内容；选项D“微小的蚂蚁能改变狮子的饮食”准确地概括了文章的主要内容，即大头蚁的入侵导致狮子改变了捕猎对象，适合作为文章的标题。故选D。 [05]（2025·江苏连云港·模拟预测）Each year on Feb.21, UNESCO (联合国教科文组织) holds an International Mother INTERNATIONAL Language Day (IMLD). The event is to help people to pay attention to the disappearance of the world’s languages: many of them are disappearing each year. UNESCO sees this as a terrible fact. What happens when a language dies out? Something great is lost—not just sounds and marks but the way that people understand the world and communicate with each other. We keep different cultures and traditions through languages. Kill a language and all these are killed too. Through IMLD, more and more people come to realize the terrible situation and try to stop it. Google’s 2018 Endangered (濒临灭绝的) Languages Project is a good example. Many speakers and protectors of endangered languages upload (上传) texts, audios and videos to the project website. They want to introduce the way that people communicate and express themselves around the world. The Myaamia Project is the same kind of effort to revive the language spoken by the Miami tribes (部落) of the United States. Project members work to encourage people to study and communicate with this language, which died out in the 1960s. These activities give life to those endangered languages. People who work to keep languages alive are not limited to the past.Many young people design apps and use social media to support their activities. They “spread the word” to save the word. So, while the problem of disappearing languages remains a very serious one, there is hope. We all have a special feeling of our mother language. This is why we should remember the wise words of late president of South Africa, Nelson Mandela: “If you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head. If you talk to a man in his own language that goes to his heart.” 1. UNESCO holds IMLD every year in order to help people to _________. A. learn and use endangered languages B. show their talents in learning languages C. practice reading skills of mother languages D. realize the situation of endangered languages 2. What did people do in Google’s 2018 Endangered Languages Project? A. Discuss how to make good use of Google. B. Offer online courses on endangered languages. C. Share materials about endangered languages online. D. Translate endangered languages into mother languages. 3. What does the underlined word “revive” mean in Paragraph 4? A. 创造 B. 学习 C. 复活 D. 清除 4. What can we infer from Paragraph 5? A. It is more difficult to protect endangered languages. B. The disappearance of languages has already stopped. C. Young people don’t care about endangered languages. D. Young people have creative ways toprotect languages. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了联合国教科文组织设立国际母语日的目的，阐述了语言消亡带来的损失，虽然语言消失问题严峻但有希望，因为年轻人有创造性保护方式 。 1. 细节理解题。根据“The event is to help people to pay attention to the disappearance of the world’s languages”可知，联合国教科文组织每年举办国际母语日是为了帮助人们意识到濒危语言的情况。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据“Many speakers and protectors of endangered languages upload texts, audios and videos to the project website.”可知，在谷歌2018年濒危语言项目中，人们在网上分享关于濒危语言的材料。故选C。 3. 词句猜测题。根据“The Myaamia Project is the same kind of effort to revive the language spoken by the Miami tribes of the United States. Project members work to encourage people to study and communicate with this language, which died out in the 1960s.”可知，这个项目是为了让人们学习和使用在20世纪60年代已经灭绝的语言，所以“revive”在这里的意思是“复活”。故选C。 4. 推理判断题。根据“Many young people design apps and use social media to support their activities.”可知，年轻人设计应用程序并利用社交媒体来支持保护濒危语言的活动，这说明年轻人有创造性的方法来保护语言。故选D。 [06]（24-25九年级下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）You may think that bacteria (细菌) should be kept away from priceless old works of art. But some people are using bacteria to bring art back to life! According to Popular Science, special microbes (微生物) have been used on everything from centuries-old frescoes (壁画) to oil paintings to ancient walls. People use them to clean and bring back the bright color of these pieces of cultural heritage (文物). Recently, an Italian art restoration (修复) team tried to clean the marble (大理石) in the Medici Chapel in Florence. It was carved (雕刻) by the famous artist Michelangelo (1475-1564). They chose eight of the most promising (有前景的) types of bacteria from about 1,000 and tested them on the marble. The bacteria successfully cleaned the contaminants (污染物) while leaving the marble unharmed. “Biocleaning”-using bacteria to clean art works-was first used in the 1990s by Italian biologist Giancarlo Ranalli. A team was trying to clean frescoes at a cemetery (公墓) in Pisa, Italy. When the cemetery was destroyed in World War II, people used animal glue to hold the works together. The team wanted to clean away the glue. They turned to Ranalli and asked: “Dr Ranalli, can’t you do anything with your bugs?” It turns out that bacteria are perfect for this kind of job-if you choose the right one. For Ranalli, it was Pseudomonas stutzeri (施氏假单胞菌). It ate through the animal glue while leaving the original (原本的) color of the artworks. Now scientists have grown different types of bacteria for certain contaminants, reported Forbes. It is the artists who create art works, but it is the bacteria that help people enjoy them in the future. 1. How did the Italian art restoration team clean the marble? A. They used eight kinds of harmless bacteria to clean the marble. B. They washed the marble with 1,000 types of bacteria. C. They cleaned the marble with animal glue. D. They used both traditional and biological ways to clean it. 2. The word “bugs” in Paragraph 3 refers to ________. A. frescoes B. animal glue C. bacteria D. contaminants 3. From Paragraph 4, we can infer that ________. A. bacteria for cleaning art are easy to grow B. few contaminants can be cleaned by bacteria C. not all types of bacteria can be used to clean art D. Pseudomonas stutzeri can be used to deal with bugs 4. How long has “Biocleaning” been used? A. For about 30 years. B. Since World War II. C. For centuries. D. When Ranalli found Pseudomonas stutzeri. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 4. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍生物清洁是一种清洁艺术品的好方法。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“They chose eight of the most promising types of bacteria from about 1,000 and tested them on the marble.”可知，人们利用8种细菌来清洁大理石。故选A。 2. 词句猜测题。根据第三段“‘Biocleaning’-using bacteria to clean art works-was first used in the 1990s by Italian biologist Giancarlo Ranalli.” 意大利生物学家Giancarlo Ranalli在20世纪90年代首次使用“生物清洁”——使用细菌清洁艺术品；可知，此处bugs指的是清洁艺术品的细菌。故选C。 3. 推理判断题。根据第四段“It turns out that bacteria are perfect for this kind of job—if you choose the right one.”事实证明，如果你选对了的话，细菌非常适合做这种工作；可知选项C“并非所有类型的细菌都可以用来清洁艺术品”表述正确。故选C。 4. 推理判断题。第三段“‘Biocleaning’-using bacteria to clean art works-was first used in the 1990s by Italian biologist Giancarlo Ranalli.” 意大利生物学家Giancarlo Ranalli在20世纪90年代首次使用“生物清洁”——使用细菌清洁艺术品；可知，“生物清洁”在20世纪90年代首次被使用，到今天大概有30年。故选A。 [07]（24-25九年级下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）What makes you fall asleep? The main cause is your body clock, a time-keeper inside your body. But how to control and use your body clock? Scientists suggested having a shower before bed. Jumping into the shower around an hour before bed could mean you sleep better. A warm shower helps you relax, and then after it warms you up, your core (核心) body temperature drops. This encourages you to fall asleep more quickly and sleep more soundly. A study in 2019 said that a water temperature of 40℃ to 42.4℃ produces the best-quality (最优质的) sleep. After people lie down, most of them take about 20 minutes to fall asleep. However, if you have a shower one to two hours before going to bed, you will fall asleep 10 minutes earlier. Core body temperature drops naturally before you sleep, then drops further during the night. It rises again as you wake up. It is thought that taking a warm shower will speed up the drop in temperature before bed, as it brings blood to the surface of the body, and then the heat is given off. 1. What did scientists suggest people do before bed to sleep better? A. Set a time clock. B. Jump into bed. C. Have a warm shower. D. Jump into river 2. What does the underlined word “soundly” probably mean? A. Deeply. B. Poorly. C. Kindly. D. Excitedly 3. Which water temperature produces the best-quality sleep according to the study? A. 44.2℃ B. 41.5℃ C. 36.4℃ D. 38.4℃ 4. In which part of a newspaper can you find the text? A. Art. B. Weather. C. Health. D. Science 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 【导语】本文主要介绍了控制和使用生物钟的一个方法——在睡觉前洗一个热水澡能帮助人们睡觉。 1. 细节理解题。根据“Scientists suggested having a shower before bed. Jumping into the shower around an hour before bed could mean you sleep better.”可知，科学家们建议睡觉前冲一个澡。故选C。 2. 词句猜测题。根据“Jumping into the shower around an hour before bed could mean you sleep better.”以及“This encourages you to fall asleep more quickly and sleep more soundly.”可知，睡前冲一个澡可以睡得更好，所以此处指更快地入睡，睡得更香，划线部分的含义是“(睡得)沉”，A项符合。故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据“A study in 2019 said that a water temperature of 40℃ to 42.4℃ produces the best-quality (最优质的) sleep.”可知，40℃到 42.4℃的水温能产生最优质的睡眠，B项符合。故选B。 4. 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了控制和使用生物钟的一个方法——在睡觉前洗一个热水澡能帮助人们睡觉，属于健康范畴。故选C。 [08]（24-25九年级下·江苏宿迁·阶段练习）The animated (动画) film Ne Zha 2, released on January 29, 2025, has become a huge success in the film industry. Directed by the famous Jiaozi (Yang Yu), it continues the exciting story of Ne Zha (哪吒) and Ao Bing (敖丙) from the first movie. After surviving a terrible disaster called the “Heavenly Tribulation (天劫) ,” Ne Zha and Ao Bing lost their physical bodies. Their souls were in great danger until Taiyi Zhenren (太乙真人), a wise immortal from Chinese mythology, saved them using a magical seven-colored lotus. However, peace did not last long. Their souls began to disappear again, forcing Taiyi Zhenren to face a difficult task—rebuilding their bodies with limited materials while solving unexpected problems. The film shows remarkable character growth. Ne Zha, once known for his rebellious nature, learns to care deeply for his friends and understand his true self. His friend Ao Bing, who used to struggle with personal troubles, transforms into a brave warrior. In one powerful scene, Ao Bing declares courageously, “If there’s no path, I’ll create one!” Visually, the movie is a feast for the eyes. It begins with thrilling scenes of flowing lava like wild rivers and terrifying sea monsters jumping out of the water, making viewers feel as if they are part of the action. Later, the story takes the audience to Kunlun Mountain (昆仑山), a magical place from Chinese myths filled with colorful landscapes and graceful fairy-like creatures. The most unforgettable part is the final battle, where characters use amazing weapons like the shape-changing Tianyuan Ding (天元鼎). The fast-paced fighting and brilliant special effects leave a strong impression. Beyond the action, Ne Zha 2 teaches important life lessons. It encourages people to stay brave when facing difficulties, fight for what is right, and value friendship. These themes resonate with both young and adult audiences. The film has broken box office records, earning an astonishing amount in its first week. It also received high praise from critics and viewers, currently holding an 8.6/10 rating on major review platforms. Many praise its perfect mix of cultural elements, exciting storytelling, and positive messages. 1. Who directed the film Ne Zha 2? A. Jiaozi (Yang Yu). B. Zhang Yimou. C. Chen Kaige. D. Feng Xiaogang. 2. What happened to Ne Zha and Ao Bing after the “Heavenly Tribulation”? A. They got stronger powers. B. They lost their physical bodies. C. They became best friends immediately. D. They went to live in Kunlun Mountain. 3. What saved Ne Zha and Ao Bing’s souls at first? A. A magic sword. B. A wise fairy. C. A magical seven-colored lotus. D. A powerful spell. 4. Why did Taiyi Zhenren have a difficult task? A. Because he had to fight against the sea monsters. B. Because he needed to teach Ne Zha and Ao Bing new skills. C. Because their souls started to disappear again and he had to rebuild their bodies with limited materials. D. Because he had to find a way to stop the “Heavenly Tribulation” from happening again. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. C 【导语】本文主要讲述了动画电影《哪吒2》的剧情、导演、角色成长、视觉效果以及所传达的重要人生教训。 1. 细节理解题。根据“Directed by the famous Jiaozi (Yang Yu)”可知，电影《哪吒2》的导演是饺子(杨宇)。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据“After surviving a terrible disaster called the ‘Heavenly Tribulation (天劫),’ Ne Zha and Ao Bing lost their physical bodies”可知，哪吒和敖丙在“天劫”之后失去了他们的肉身。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据“Their souls were in great danger until Taiyi Zhenren (太乙真人), a wise immortal from Chinese mythology, saved them using a magical seven-colored lotus”可知，太乙真人用一朵神奇的七色莲花拯救了哪吒和敖丙的灵魂。故选C。 4. 细节理解题。根据“Their souls began to disappear again, forcing Taiyi Zhenren to face a difficult task—rebuilding their bodies with limited materials while solving unexpected problems”可知，太乙真人的困难任务是重建哪吒和敖丙的肉身，并且材料有限，同时还要解决意外问题。故选C。 [09]（24-25九年级下·江苏宿迁·阶段练习） On January 28, 2025 a special performance called YangBOT amazed audiences (观众): at the CCTV Spring Festival Gala, China’s most-watched TV show. Directed by Chinese famous filmmaker Zhang Yimou, the performance mixed traditional Chinese yangko dance with modem robot technology. In the performance, humanoid robots (robots shaped like humans) dressed in colorful costumes danced yangko, a joyful folk dance which is from northern China and often seen during festivals. They spun handkerchiefs (手绢) instantly and formed creative group patterns (图案). How amazing! These robots rapidly become a hot search topic on social medias. Everyone wonders where they are from and how they can dance like real men, or even better? These robots were developed by Unitree, a Chinese robotics company. Unitree’s robots are known for their agility, stability, and adaptability, making them ideal for navigating (导航) complex (复杂的) environments and performing a wide range of tasks. Obviously (显然), the robots in YangBOT performance were not Unitree’s first success. In 2021, their robot cows named “Ben Ben” danced as backup for singer Andy Lau. The robots in YangBOT performance learned dance moves through AI and used laser navigation (激光导航) to move safely on the uneven stage. Their strong joints (like knees with 360N.m power) helped them balance perfectly during fast steps. Thanks to these innovations (创新), the robots won the hearts of millions. Zhang Yimou explained, “This dance isn’t just fun. It shows how technology brings new life to traditions.” Young viewers called it “cool”, while older audiences loved its humor and festive spirit. The YangBOT program is a perfect mix of China’s tech progress and cultural pride. As one fan said, “It’s like watching the future and past dance together!” 1. What was special about YangBOT at the 2025 CCTV Spring Festival Gala? A. It was directed by a foreign filmmaker. B. It was the first time robots appeared on the Gala. C. It mixed yangko dance with robot technology. D. Only human dancers performed yangko. 2. How did the robots learn the dance moves? A. Through AI. B. By watching human dancers. C. With the help of Zhang Yimou. D. Under the guide of a supercomputer. 3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Unitree has never had any success before. B. Zhang Yimou thought the dance was only for fun. C. The robots in the performance were all dressed in dark costumes. D. The strong joints of the robots helped them balance perfectly during fast steps. 4. Where is the passage probably taken from? A. A textbook B. A travel guide C. A newspaper D. An advertisement 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 【导语】本文主要讲述了机器人舞蹈YangBOT在2025年中央电视台春节联欢晚会上表演以及它成功展现了传统中国文化与现代科技的结合，并强调了其创新性和对传统文化的传承。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“the performance mixed traditional Chinese yangko dance with modem robot technology.”可知，YangBOT的特别之处在于它结合了秧歌与机器人技术。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据第四段“The robots in YangBOT performance learned dance moves through AI and used laser navigation to move safely on the uneven stage”可知，这些机器人通过“人工智能 (AI)”学习了舞蹈动作。故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Their strong joints (like knees with 360N.m power) helped them balance perfectly during fast steps.”可知，机器人的强劲关节帮助其在快速动作中很好地保持平衡，则选项D表述正确。故选D。 4. 推理判断题。通读全文，本文主要讲述了机器人舞蹈YangBOT在2025年中央电视台春节联欢晚会上表演以及它成功展现了传统中国文化与现代科技的结合，并强调了其创新性和对传统文化的传承，则这篇文章最有可能出现在新闻报道中。故选C。 [10]（2025·江苏苏州·一模）Everyone needs help sometimes. People depend on one another. That’s why communities have special people ready to lend a helping hand to anyone who needs it. For example, what would we do without a community fire station? If a home catches on fire, as the Jackson place did last week. it might be burned down and people get hurt … or worse. We’re so lucky to have firemen to come to save people and put out the fire, safely. If the fire station hadn’t been so close, the Jacksons might have lost everything. And what about our local police who protect our families, our homes and valuable things? The police have helped so many families during past years, especially saving people and pets and protecting our houses and other things after the heavy rains. Think about all the other service workers we have in this community. We have people who collect waste and rubbish and keep our community sanitary. We have road workers who put up and repair traffic signs and fix holes in the streets to protect not just us, but our cars! And where would this community be without the teachers in our school and the doctors, and nurses in our community hospitals? Think again about what we eat every day; think again about what we wear every day. We cannot produce them, but we use them all the time. We get a lot from all these tireless workers who keep our community running. We need these people in the community. We depend on each other. Let’s support each other and help each other. Only in this way can we make our community a better place. 1. What happened to the Jacksons last week? A. Their pets were lost. B. Their car was badly burnt. C. Their house caught on fire. D. Their valuable things were stolen. 2. What does the underlined word “sanitary” mean? A. Safe. B. Clean. C. Quiet. D. Busy. 3. Which question could best help us find out the writer’s purpose? A. Did the writer make us laugh? B. Did the writer teach us what to do when a fire breaks out? C. Did the writer tell us about how to become a teacher? D. Did the writer want us to do something? 4. What is the best title for the passage? A. People depend on each other. B. Policemen save people’s lives C. Service workers do important jobs D. Workers keep community running 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 【导语】本文以社区服务为例阐述每个人都需要帮助、相互依靠。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“If the fire station hadn’t been so close, the Jacksons might have lost everything.”可知，Jackson家着火了。故选C。 2. 词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“We have people who collect waste and rubbish and keep our community sanitary.”可知，收集废物和垃圾，应是使社区保持干净卫生，所以划线部分的含义是“卫生的；清洁的”。故选B。 3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“We depend on each other. Let’s support each other and help each other. Only in this way can we make our community a better place.”可知，作者呼吁人们相互支持，互相帮助，所以可推知，选项D“作者想让我们做点什么吗？”符合。故选D。 4. 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文以社区服务为例阐述每个人都需要帮助、相互依靠，所以A项符合。故选A。 [11]（24-25九年级下·江苏无锡·开学考试）When everyone in China is getting ready for the traditional Chinese New Year, a Chinese AI app is shining around the world. The Chinese artificial intelligence (Al) app DeepSeek became the most downloaded free app on the Apple App Store worldwide, followed by ChatGPT from Open AI, Gemini from Google, and Llama 2 from Meta. With this success, stocks (股票) related to DeepSeek rose quickly on Monday, with many starting the day more than 10 percent higher. It is believed to bring a big red envelope to shareholders. In January 2025, the Chinese AI company DeepSeek introduced its new open source model, DeepSeekR1. It is reported that this model made an important breakthrough (突破) by using deep learning techniques (技术) that let the AI develop reasoning (推理) skills on its own. As a result, in tasks such as math, coding, and language reasoning, the model works as well as the top models from big companies like Open AI, and in some fields, it even outperforms the world’s best apps. What impresses the world most is that the developers used less powerful chips than those used by leading competitors (竞争者). Moreover, both the number of chips and the number of developers on the team are lower than those of industry leaders. This means that the cost for users will be lower than that offered by other competitors. The app quickly attracted global (全球的) attention. People in Silicon Valley started wondering how its developers almost caught up with American rivals (对手) Marc Andersen, a well-known investor in Silicon Valley, said on X (Twitter), “DeepSeekR1 is one of the most amazing and impressive breakthroughs. I’ve ever seen.” DeepSeek means a lot to China and its AI industry. It marks the rise of Chinese large models on the global stage. However, with this progress come new challenges. The rapid development of such powerful technology has also attracted criticism (批判) from abroad, including cyber (网络) attacks and other forms of unfriendly behavior. 1. What is the main idea of the second paragraph? A. The introduction of DeepSeekR1 and its breakthroughs. B. The comparison between DeepSeek and other apps. C. The reason why DeepSeek became popular. D. The way DeepSeekR1 uses deep-learning techniques. 2. Why does the writer mention Marc Andersen? A. To introduce the famous Silicon Valley investor Marc Andersen. B. To suggest that American investors are worried about Chinese AI technology. C. To prove that DeepSeek is the most downloaded app in the world. D. To compare the achievements of AI at home and abroad. 3. What can we learn from the passage? A. DeepSeek became the most downloaded paid app on the Apple App Store worldwide. B. DeepSeekR1 didn’t make any breakthrough. C. The developers of DeepSeek used less powerful chips and had fewer developers on the team. D. Stocks related to DeepSeek fell quickly on Monday. 4. Where is this passage most likely from? A. A science-fiction novel B. A financial newspaper C. A children’s storybook D. A fashion magazine 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国人工智能应用DeepSeek在全球取得的成就，包括其在苹果应用商店的下载排名、相关股票的上涨情况，以及DeepSeekR1模型的突破、优势、受到的关注和面临的挑战。 1. 主旨大意题。第二段先是介绍了2025年1月中国人工智能公司DeepSeek推出新开源模型DeepSeekR1，接着阐述了该模型利用深度学习技术取得重要突破，以及在一些任务中的表现。整体围绕DeepSeekR1的推出及其突破展开。选项A“DeepSeekR1的介绍及其突破”符合文意。故选A。 2. 推理判断题。根据“DeepSeekR1 is one of the most amazing and impressive breakthroughs. I’ve ever seen.”可知，通过引用他Marc Andersen的话，是为了从侧面证明DeepSeek的优秀，进而暗示美国投资者对中国人工智能技术的关注和可能存在的担忧。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据“the developers used less powerful chips than those used by leading competitors. Moreover, both the number of chips and the number of developers on the team are lower than those of industry leaders”可知，DeepSeek的开发者使用的芯片没那么强大，团队中的开发者数量也较少。故选C。 4. 推理判断题。文章主要围绕中国人工智能应用DeepSeek的发展、成就、影响等方面展开，涉及科技和商业领域。故选B。 [12]（2025·江苏苏州·一模）Mobile phones are one of the most useful inventions of the last 50 years, but not everything that is said about them is good. Mobiles are often believed to be the cause of a number of things from poor eyesight and headaches to house fires. There’s even one theory that mobile phones should be responsible for the disappearance of bees! The theory is that the radiation (辐射) given off by mobile phones does great harm to bees’ navigation systems (导航系统). Bees have a built-in system a bit like BDS and this helps them find their way back to their hives. But recently, thousands of bees have failed to find their way home. It is believed that they are dying far from their hives. The problem was first noticed by beekeepers in America and is a lot more serious than it at first seems. The important thing about bees is that most of the crops in many countries of the world are pollinated (投粉) by them. Without bees, the crops can’t continue to grow. Many beekeepers in Europe have reported losing between 50 and 70 per cent of their bees. Jim Piper, London beekeeper, said to the reporter, “My business is becoming worse. Twenty-nine of my forty hives are now empty.” Nobody knows for sure whether the theory is true or not, but it’s a fact that bees are disappearing in very large numbers. And we can’t manage without them. It is said that if all our bees disappeared, man would only live for four more years! If the mobile phone theory is correct, we need to do something about it right now—before it’s too late. 1. What might be caused by mobiles according to Paragraph 1? A. Poor listening. B. The disappearance of bees. C. The forest fires. D. Terrible toothache. 2. What does the theory in the passage say? A. Bees have BDS inside their bodies. B. Mobiles have an influence on bees’ hives. C. The radiation makes bees lose their way home. D. The radiation makes bees unable to fly. 3. What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us? A. Bees’ disappearing is a serious problem. B. Beekeepers’ business is getting worse. C. Crops will stop growing. D. Beekeepers in Europe found the problem first. 4. The author wrote this passage to ________. A. call on people to help beekeepers B. show how a bee’s built-in system works C. ask people to stop using mobiles right away D. warn people of the possible harm mobiles do to bees 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了手机辐射对蜜蜂导航功能可能存在伤害，作者通过本文想警告人们手机辐射对蜜蜂的潜在危害，并呼吁人们应尽早采取行动保护蜜蜂。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“There’s even one theory that mobile phones should be responsible for the disappearance of bees!”可知，目前有一种理论认为手机应该对蜜蜂的消失负责。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The theory is that the radiation (辐射) given off by mobile phones does great harm to bees’ navigation systems (导航系统).…But recently, thousands of bees have failed to find their way home. It is believed that they are dying far from their hives.”可知，手机辐射对蜜蜂自身的导航功能有危害，从而让它们因找不到回巢的路而死亡。故选C。 3. 主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“The problem was first noticed by beekeepers in America and is a lot more serious than it at first seems.”并通读本段可知，蜜蜂消失的问题比它初看上去严重多了。故选A。 4. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“If the mobile phone theory is correct, we need to do something about it right now—before it’s too late.”并通读全文可知，作者通过本文想警告人们手机辐射对蜜蜂的潜在危害，并呼吁人们应尽早采取行动保护蜜蜂。故选D。 [13]（24-25九年级下·江苏南通·开学考试）In nature, you may see many insects and animals of different colors. Have you ever wondered why locusts are super delicious food for birds, but it is not always an easy job for birds to catch them. It is neither because locusts are good jumpers or runners nor because they are smarter than their enemies. The reason is that the colors of locusts change with the colors of crops (庄稼). When crops are young, locusts look green. But when autumn comes, locusts change to the yellow and brown color as crops do. Brown bears, tigers and other animals move quietly through forests. They can’t be seen easily by their enemies. This is because they have colors similar (类似的) to the trees. For the same reason, polar bears that live on a land of snow and ice are white. Butterflies and bees living among the flowers are colorful like flowers. Soil (土壤) insects are mostly dark-colored and they live under the soil in a dark and wet environment. However, insects with colors different from plants can easily be found and eaten by others. So in order to survive, they have to hide themselves in the daytime and appear only at night. Have you ever noticed some even stranger acts? The ink fish (墨鱼) in the sea can send out some very black ink when it faces danger. As the ink spreads over (散开), its enemies (敌人) will find themselves suddenly in a dark world. At the same time the ink fish immediately swims away. That is how it keeps itself safe though it is not strong at all. 1. It is not easy for birds to catch locusts because ________. A. locusts are good runners B. locusts can jump very high C. locusts are smarter than birds D. locusts can change their color 2. According to the passage, most soil insects _________. A. do not have bright colors B. change their colors with the soil C. do not live in a dark and wet environment D. eat colorful insects like butterflies and bees 3. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “survive” in the passage? A. 繁殖 B. 产卵 C. 觅食 D. 生存 4. The ink fish ________ so that its enemies will not see it. A. changes its color B. makes the water around it black C. appears only at night D. hides itself in the sea rocks 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了不同昆虫和动物如何通过改变颜色或利用环境来保护自己，从而避免被捕食者发现。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章“The reason is that the colors of locusts change with the colors of crops.”可知，蝗虫的颜色会随着庄稼的颜色变化，这使得鸟类难以捕捉它们。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据文章“Soil insects are mostly dark-colored...”可知，土壤昆虫大多为深色，即颜色不鲜艳。故选A。 3. 词义猜测题。根据文章“However, insects with colors different from plants can easily be found and eaten by others. So in order to survive, they have to hide themselves in the daytime and appear only at night.”可知，颜色与植物不同的昆虫很容易被发现并被吃掉，所以为了生存，它们不得不昼伏夜出，“survive”在这里的意思是“生存”。故选D。 4. 细节理解题。根据文章“The ink fish in the sea can send out some very black ink when it faces danger. As the ink spreads over, its enemies will find themselves suddenly in a dark world.”可知，墨鱼通过释放黑色墨水使周围的水变黑，从而让敌人看不到它。故选B。 [14]（24-25九年级下·江苏南京·开学考试）Linda is looking through the website http://ww.keepingfit.com. Here is what she reads. Researchers have found the health benefits of dancing for people in poor health condition, from improving brain health to creating community. Becky is teaching a group of 80 adults some dancing skills. Many of her students are seated in the dancing room because they have difficulty in moving. When they are following Becky’s pretty movements, a sense of peace comes over them. Dance as a medicine Helen, a researcher, says that dance requires different parts of the brain to work at the same time, that is to say, dance requires more “brain power” than simpler repetitive (重复的) exercises. She invited two groups of adults to take part in programmes for over six months. One group practised dancing and the other did a traditional exercise like cycling. Both groups improved their level of physical fitness, but the group of dancers improved more cognitive abilities, such as memory, attention and high-level thinking. Dance described by Helen as “pleasure double-play” can lift the mood and reduce stress. Dance as body acceptance Besides the physical and mental benefits, dance can also help people with diseases accept what their bodies can and can’t do. Jenny is Becky’s student. Her body went numb when she was in her mid-twenties. She had no feelings from the knees down. She suffered from serious muscle tightness and balance problems, making standing and walking difficult for her. Jenny recently joined an online dance programme. Not only has it improved her coordination (协调性), but it has enabled her to overcome her fear of being judged (评价) for how she moves, both in the dance class and out in the world. “I see so many people moving like me,” she says. “I don’t have to be perfect in my dancing or make sure my leg lifts this way—it makes me comfortable with where I am right now.” Dance as community Perhaps one of the biggest benefits of dance is the sense of community it creates. Dancing with others not only makes people feel less different in their moving abilities, but also helps to fight against loneliness and problems in getting along with others. Becky started teaching more than 22 years ago, and she has helped 300 communities in 28 countries around the world. In some countries , such as India and South Korea, people have put their own cultural dance styles into their classes. Becky wants to create a sense of family and community for this group of people. Whenever and wherever she teaches, she hopes to make them feel joyful, get much closer to the community, and explore the limitless possibilities for the rest of their lives. 1. In which part of the website may you find this passage? A. Culture. B. Fashion. C. Health. D. Literature. 2. From “Dance as a medicine” part, we can learn that ________. A. the act of dancing helps to improve “brain power” B. dance needs more repetitive exercises than “brain power” C. dance needs more high-level thinking to lift the mood D. the act of traditional exercise requires more attention 3. How do you understand the underlined part of this passage? A. Jenny accepts the disabilit$$2025年中考【热点·重点·难点】专练（江苏专用） 专题11 阅读理解（说明文）（原卷版） 【2022-2024 江苏中考高频考点】 一、选材特点：聚焦热点，贴近生活 2024 年江苏中考英语说明文延续 "科技 + 文化 + 环保" 的核心选材方向，材料多改编自英美报刊或学术网站。例如常州卷 B 篇以 "便携式移动冰箱" 为主题，既考查科技常识，又融入人文关怀；苏州卷则选取 "二十四节气与农业生态"，体现传统文化与现代生活的结合。这些文本具有以下特征： 1.时代性：关注新能源、人工智能等前沿领域（如氢能设备、AI 辅助教学） 2.实用性：涉及健康饮食、环保措施等生活话题（如雨水回收系统、垃圾分类） 3.文化性：包含非遗技艺、传统节日等文化元素（如苏绣工艺、春节申遗） 二、命题规律：四大题型精准考查 1. 细节理解题（占比 60%） 命题方式：通过特殊疑问句或填空题考查具体信息。解题关键：题干关键词定位原文，注意同义替换。示例：常州卷题目 "What is the advantage of the portable fridge?" 需定位到文中 "no need for electricity"，正确选项为 "Environmentally friendly"。 2. 推理判断题（占比 20%） 命题方式：要求根据上下文推断隐含意义。解题关键：关注逻辑词（如 but/however）和情感词。示例：苏州卷问 "Why does the author mention solar energy?" 需结合 "reduces carbon emissions" 推断为 "Highlighting sustainable development"。 3. 词义猜测题（占比 10%） 命题方式：考查生词或短语在语境中的含义。解题技巧：利用构词法（如 hydro - 表 "水"）或上下文逻辑。示例：南通卷 "amphibious vehicle" 结合 "land and water" 可猜为 "水陆两栖"。 4. 主旨归纳题（占比 10%） 命题方式：要求概括文章中心或段落大意。解题技巧：重点阅读首尾段及高频词汇。示例：扬州卷关于 "大运河文化" 的文章，主旨题正确选项为 "Protecting cultural heritage through innovation" 【2022-2024 江苏中考考情分析】 一、高频话题趋势 1. 科技前沿 命题热点：人工智能（AI 辅助教学 / 医疗）、新能源技术（氢能设备、太阳能建筑）、智能机器人（服务型机器人）。真题印证：2024 年无锡卷考查 AG600M 消防飞机的功能与应用，涉及水陆两栖技术和应急救援场景。 2. 文化传承 命题热点：传统节日（端午节、二十四节气）、非遗技艺（剪纸、古琴）、古典建筑（苏州园林、福建土楼）。真题印证：苏州卷结合天气与园林设计，通过网师园四季树木变化，体现文化与自然的融合。 3. 生态环保 命题热点：碳减排技术、湿地保护、极端天气应对。真题印证：南通卷探讨氢能烘焙机减少碳排放的优势，强调清洁能源的实际应用。 4. 社会现象 命题热点：短视频影响、“元宇宙” 社交、消费主义陷阱。真题印证：扬州卷分析 “Keep” App 与自律的关系，揭示短期目标设定的重要性。 二、选项设计特征 1. 细节理解题 干扰项陷阱：偷换概念：如将 “氢能减少碳排放” 改为 “氢能完全无污染”（忽略 “灰氢” 与 “绿氢” 的区别）。绝对化表述：如 “AI 将完全取代人类教师”（原文为 “辅助教学”）。真题示例：苏州卷选项 D “雨天游览园林体验更佳” 需结合文中 “古典园林在雨中最美” 推断，而非绝对结论。 2. 推理判断题 引用处设题：作者常通过专家观点或研究数据间接表达立场（如 “坐姿影响数学考试表现” 的研究结论）。段落作用：要求判断例子目的（如引用网师园说明园林设计与季节的关系）。真题示例：无锡卷推荐信通过具体项目成果，推断作者对候选人的认可态度。 3. 主旨归纳题 首尾段 + 高频词：如苏州卷首段点明气候特征，后续段落围绕 “季节变化” 展开，尾段总结雨天游览优势。避免以偏概全：需综合全文而非某段细节（如 “天气与园林” 主题不可仅选 “园林设计”）。 4. 词义猜测题 猜词策略：构词法：如 “amphibious”（两栖的）结合 “amphi-”（双）和 “-ous”（形容词后缀）。上下文：如 “self-discipline” 通过 “设定短期目标” 推断为 “自律”。 三、高效解题策略 1. 三步定位法 题干关键词：圈出专有名词（如 AG600M）、数字（如 3 月平均气温 7-13℃）。 段落主题句：首段尾段及转折词（如 instead, however）附近锁定答案。 选项验证：排除绝对化选项（如 “必须”“全部”），优先选择 “可能”“部分” 等表述。 2. 说明方法识别 举例子：如苏州卷以网师园为例，说明园林设计与季节的关系。 列数字：如南通卷通过 “减少 60% 碳排放” 强调氢能设备的环保优势。 作比较：如扬州卷对比 “完美身材视频” 与 “现实困难”，揭示自律误区。 3. 逻辑推理技巧 因果关系：如 AG600M “水陆两栖” 特性决定其 “森林灭火 + 海上搜救” 功能。 作者意图：引用专家观点（如 “坐姿影响考试表现”）间接支持论点。 【2025江苏中考考向预测】 一、话题预测 1.科技前沿 命题方向：人工智能应用（如 AI 写论文、视频制作）、新能源技术（氢能设备、高速列车）、智能机器人（春晚秧歌舞机器人）。典型例题：2024 年真题中氢能烘焙机的环保优势，可推测 2025 年可能考查 AI 在教育或医疗领域的实际应用。 2.文化传承 命题方向：传统节日申遗（春节、中秋）、非遗技艺（刺绣、陶艺）、古典建筑（苏州园林、福建土楼）。典型例题：2024 年苏州天气与园林设计结合的说明文，2025 年可能延伸至 “二十四节气” 对农业的影响或 “梁祝传说” 的文化价值。 3.生态环保 命题方向：碳减排技术、生态修复案例、极端天气应对（台风、高温）。典型例题：参考 2024 年 “氢能减少碳排放” 的题型，2025 年可能涉及 “碳中和” 政策或城市绿化的生态效益。 4.社会现象 命题方向：短视频与网络直播的影响、“爱自己” 消费陷阱、传统文化与现代生活的融合（如李子柒现象）。典型例题：2024 年 “抖音美颜瘦身” 话题，2025 年可能探讨 “元宇宙” 对社交方式的改变。 二、命题规律 1.结构规律 总分总结构：首段点明主题，中间分点说明（如氢能设备的原理、优势、应用场景），尾段总结意义。 逻辑顺序：按时间（如科技发展历程）或因果（如高温天气成因→影响→应对措施）展开。 2.题型分布 细节理解题：直接定位数据、对比、因果关系（如 “AG600M 的最大航程”）。 推理判断题：结合上下文推断作者意图（如 “引用福建土楼的例子是为了说明文化遗产保护的重要性”）。 主旨归纳题：高频词 + 首尾段提炼（如 “人工智能发展的利与弊”）。 词义猜测题：通过构词法或上下文推断（如 “amphibious” 结合 “fly into sky and go to sea” 猜为 “两栖的”）。 3.选项干扰特征 偷换概念：将 “氢能减少碳排放” 改为 “氢能完全无污染”（忽略 “灰氢” 与 “绿氢” 的区别）。 绝对化表述：如 “AI 将完全取代人类教师”（原文为 “辅助教学”）。 脱离文本：用常识替代原文（如 “春节申遗成功是因为历史最悠久”，而原文强调文化影响力）。 三、备考建议 1.话题词汇积累 科技类：prototype（原型）、algorithm（算法）、emission（排放） 文化类：intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产）、classical architecture（古典建筑） 环保类：carbon neutrality（碳中和）、ecosystem（生态系统） 2.解题步骤强化 题干定位：圈出专有名词（如 DeepSeek）、数字（如 “减少 60% 碳排放”）。 结构分析：用 “总 - 分 - 总” 思维导图梳理段落关系（如 “AI 厨师的优势” 分 “效率、成本、卫生” 三点）。 选项验证：排除绝对化选项，回归原文核对（如 “可能”“部分” 比 “必须”“全部” 更合理）。 江苏省2025中考英语阅读理解说明文满分攻略 一、解题步骤 江苏中考英语说明文多围绕科技、文化、环保等主题展开，结构清晰（总分总 / 时间顺序 / 逻辑顺序），设题侧重细节理解、说明方法和主旨归纳。以下是针对说明文的高效解题步骤： 1. 扫读题干，锁定关键词 先看题目，划出专有名词（如 AG600M）、数字（如 3 月平均气温 7-13℃）或核心概念（如氢能烘焙机）。例如，若题目问 “AG600M 的用途”，可快速定位文中 “forest fires”“sea search” 等关键词。 2. 速读全文，理清结构 用 1 分钟浏览首段尾段和段落主题句，明确说明对象和逻辑框架。如 2024 年苏州天气说明文，首段点明气候特征，后续段落分月份、园林设计展开，尾段总结雨天游览优势。 3. 精读细节，标注关键信息 逐段细读，用符号标记：数据（如 “60% of carbon emissions”）；对比（如 “traditional roasters vs hydrogen-fueled”）；因果（如 “because hydrogen is clean”）；例如，氢能烘焙机段落中，“CO₂ reduction” 与 “green hydrogen” 的关系需重点标注。 4. 推理判断，识别深层逻辑 针对 “作者意图” 或 “段落作用” 类题，结合上下文逻辑。如苏州园林部分提到 “rain makes gardens beautiful”，需推断作者通过对比晴天与雨天，强调园林设计的独特性。 5. 验证选项，排除干扰项 注意选项是否偷换概念。如选项说 “氢能烘焙机完全取代传统设备”，但原文仅提到 “reduces CO₂”，需排除绝对化表述。 二、常见答题误区 1.被专业术语唬住 遇到 “amphibious aircraft” 等词，可通过上下文推测（如 “fly into sky and go to sea”），无需纠结词义。江苏真题常考构词法，如 “hydro-” 表 “水”，“-logy” 表学科。 2.忽略说明方法 说明文常使用举例子（如网师园四季树木）、列数字（如 3 月降雨量 9-10cm）等方法，题目可能问 “作者为何提到 XX 例子”，需结合段落主旨回答。 3.主观代入常识 如题目问 “氢能是否完全无污染”，需严格依据文中 “green hydrogen” 判断，而非默认 “氢能绝对环保”。 三、满分策略 1.构建说明文知识网 整理高频主题词汇：科技类：prototype（原型机）、emission（排放）；文化类：ceremony（仪式）、classical garden（古典园林）；环保类：carbon reduction（碳减排）、ecosystem（生态系统）。 2.强化逻辑训练 每日分析 1 篇说明文结构，用思维导图梳理 “总 - 分 - 总” 关系。例如，AG600M 说明文可拆解为： 总：命名由来 → 分：性能测试、用途 → 总：未来意义 3.总结答题模板 细节题：题干关键词定位 + 同义替换（如 “average temperature” 对应表格数据）； 主旨题：首段 + 高频词（如苏州天气说明文高频词 “season”“garden”）； 推理题：段落首尾句 + 逻辑词（如 “instead” 表转折，暗示雨天游览优势）。 试卷第2页，共12页 试卷第1页，共4页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 试卷第5页，共28页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 （建议用时：40分钟） 【限时练一：近年江苏中招真题·说明文15篇】 [01]（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）Some people think creativity is making something completely new, so they do not think of themselves as creative ones. However, some other people think creativity can just be expressing themselves through everyday acts and they are born creative because it is not an all-or-nothing quality or skill. Whether or not we realize it, we all have the ability to express creativity. Sometimes the path to creative productivity is being willing to do something different. Are you someone who loves to read comics? Perhaps it is time you create one of your own. Don’t worry if you cannot draw very well or feel that you cannot write humorous reports for characters. Nobody says this is an exam! You only have to please yourself, to gain the satisfaction that you try something new, all on your own. If you feel easy, you can of course share it with our loved ones, or post it on social media, Are you someone who likes to express yourself in writing? Try writing a blog. This is like the new version of a diary. In your blog, you can write about your thoughts, opinions and experiences. You can also write stories or plays, if you feel up to it! The blog provides you with a platform to create something new every day, in written forms. Are you someone who likes to be alone? Now, think about the things that make you happy. Find a small place in your room, or any place in your home, where you can spend time with yourself. It can be a small corner next to your bed or a wall. It can be a poster of your favourite rock star or photos of your friends. You can also pick a guitar if you like to play instruments, or a few storybooks if you love reading. Some of you may like flowers, candles or pretty things. Decorate your area with your favourite things in any way you like. That is creativity! And if you do feel bored with this, you can change, add or remove something. By realizing the chances in our daily lives to inspire our creativity, no matter how small, we may become more comfortable with taking bigger creative leaps in other aspects of our lives. 1. How does the writer begin the article? A. By asking questions. B. By giving examples. C. By comparing opinions. D. By explaining reasons. 2. From Paragraph 3 to Paragraph 5, what does the writer suggest? A. Trying something new. B. Avoiding something dangerous C. Trying something difficult. D. Avoiding something expensive. 3. In what ways can we show our creativity according to the article? ① playing the piano ② receiving flowers ③ keeping calm ④ writing blogs ⑤ watching plays ⑥ decorating rooms A. ②③⑥ B. ①③⑤ C. ①④⑥ D. ②④⑤ 4. The purpose of the article is to________. A. offer us all kinds of ideas and experiences B. teach us knowledge of different life skills C. encourage us to make something important D. ask us to develop creativity through small acts [02]（2024·江苏南通·中考真题） Linda is looking through the website http://www.keepingfit.com. Here is what she reads. Researchers have found the health benefits of dancing for people in poor health condition, from improving brain health to creating community. Becky is teaching a group of 80 adults some dancing skills. Many of her students are seated in the dancing room because they have difficulty in moving. When they are following Becky’s pretty movements, a sense of peace comes over them. Dance as a medicine Helen, a researcher, says that dance requires different parts of the brain to work at the same time, that is to say, dance requires more “brain power” than simpler repetitive (重复的) exercises. She invited two groups of adults to take part in programmes for over six months. One group practised dancing and the other did a traditional exercise like cycling. Both groups improved their level of physical fitness, but the group of dancers improved more cognitive abilities, such as memory, attention and high-level thinking. Dance described by Helen as “pleasure double-play” can lift the mood and reduce stress. Dance as body acceptance Besides the physical and mental benefits, dance can also help people with diseases accept what their bodies can and can’t do. Jenny is Becky’s student. Her body went numb when she was in her mid-twenties. She had no feelings from the knees down. She suffered from serious muscle tightness and balance problems, making standing and walking difficult for her. Jenny recently joined an online dance programme. Not only has it improved her coordination (协调性). but it has enabled her to overcome her fear of being judged (评价) for how she moves, both in the dance class and out in the world. “I see so many people moving like me,” she says “I don’t have to be perfect in my dancing or make sure my leg lifts this way—it makes me comfortable with where I am right now.” Dance as community Perhaps one of the biggest benefits of dance is the sense of community it creates. Dancing with others not only makes people feel less different in their moving abilities, but also helps to fight against loneliness and problems in getting along with others. Becky started teaching more than 22 years ago, and she has helped 300 communities in 28 countries around the world. In some countries, such as India and South Kores, people have put their own cultural dance styles into their classes. Becky wants to create a sense of family and community for this group of people. Whenever and wherever she teaches, she hopes to make them feel joyful, get much closer to the community, and explore the limitless possibilities for the rest of their lives. 1. In which part of the website may you find this passage? A. Culture. B. Fashion. C. Health. D. Literature, 2. From “Dance as a medicine” part, we can learn that ________. A. the act of dancing helps to improve “brain power” B. the act of traditional exercise requires more attention C. dance needs more high-level thinking to lift the mood D. dance needs more repetitive exercises than “brain power” 3. How do you understand the underlined part of this passage? A. Jenny feels sad because she is weak in dancing. B. Jenny wants to be perfect after practising dancing. C. Jenny accepts the disabilities of her body after dancing. D. Jenny thinks she should treat her leg for better dancing. 4. What’s the best title for this passage? A. Dancing helps to cure illness B. Dancing helps to better yourself C. Dancing helps to change moods D. Dancing helps to reduce loneliness [03]（2024·江苏徐州·中考真题） In March 2006, burglars broke into a zoo in Queensland, Australia. They planned to steal a koala. Everybody loves koalas, right? With their big round eyes, flat noses, thick fur coat and hairy ears, these cute animals have become a popular symbol of Australia. However, appearances can be tricky. The koala at the zoo was very fierce. Soon the burglars had deep scratches (抓痕) from the koala’s sharp claws (爪), so they decided to steal something easier. They stole a crocodile instead! Koalas are interesting animals. A koala mother carries her baby, called a joey, in a warm pouch, or pocket, on her stomach. Koalas eat only the oily leaves of eucalyptus trees (桉树). These leaves are harmful to many other animals, but koalas eat about two and a half pounds (just over one kilo) every night. There is enough water in these leaves, so koalas do not drink very much. In fact, in one local Australian language the word koala means “no drink”. 1. What did the burglars steal in the end? A. A koala. B. A crocodile. C. A joey. D. A tree. 2. What will “fierce” animals probably do? A. They show politeness. B. They always feel hungry. C. They sleep all day long. D. They get ready to attack. 3. From the passage we know about koalas EXCEPT ________. A. what they look like B. when they have babies C. what they live on D. why they seldom drink 4. What’s the best title for the passage? A. Koalas Fight Back! B. Koalas Start to Change! C. Koalas Beat Crocodiles! D. Koalas Prefer Oily Leaves! [04]（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）China is home to tea and has a long history of tea culture. As time goes by, the tea culture has developed greatly. In the Tang Dynasty, people not only drank tea, but also ate the tea leaves. That was why tasting tea was called “tea-eating”. In the Song Dynasty, the way people drank tea became romantic and was full of art. In the Ming Dynasty, tasting tea returned to its true nature of “drinking tea”. People put dry tea leaves in the cup and then poured boiled water into it before drinking. And in the Qing Dynasty, the tea culture finally came into common families. Drinking tea became part of their daily life. At the same time, there were more tea houses. Nowadays, making tea around a stove (围炉煮茶) has become popular among young people. This is a special way of drinking tea. Many young people like to choose a quiet and comfortable environment to make tea. While boiling tea, there must be delicate and tasty snacks like small oranges and sweet potatoes on the charcoal (炭) stove, satisfying people’s eyes and mouth. And beautiful cups and teapots would bring them more pleasure in mind. What they enjoy are art, spiritual world and the deep Chinese tea culture. Away from their busy work and life, they feel calm and peaceful in mind. In fact, people began to make tea around a stove in ancient times. Traditionally, about the art of making tea, the most important part is the types of tea, water quality, the control of fire, the choices of tea tools, and the skills of brewing (沏茶). In some ways, the art of making tea is a kind of communication between tea and people. As time passes by, Chinese tea culture continues to develop. Modern tea culture has mixed traditional and modern art and life, showing a more open and colorful culture. 1. When did people not only drink tea but also eat the tea leaves? A. In the Tang Dynasty. B. In the Song Dynasty. C. In the Ming Dynasty. D. In the Qing Dynasty. 2. What does the underlined word “delicate” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Boring. B. Attractive. C. Awful. D. Large. 3. Why is making tea around a stove popular with modern young people? A. Because they enjoy calm and peace in mind. B. Because they can stay together with families. C. Because they like eating oranges and potatoes. D. Because they want to return to the ancient times. 4. What is the best title for the passage? A. The types of the tea leaves. B. The environments of drinking tea. C. The future of the tea culture. D. The development of the tea culture. [05]（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）①China published the world’s first highly clear lunar geologic (地质的) atlas (地图集) on April 21. According to the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), it will provide up-to-date information for future lunar research and exploration. ②“These maps will help choose locations for future lunar research stations,” Ouyang Ziyuan, a well-known lunar scientist, said. “They can also help us better know about the Earth and other planets in the solar system, like Mars.” ③The world has seen great progress in the field of lunar science over the past half a century. However, the lunar geologic atlas that was developed during the Apollo Program remained unchanged. “As lunar geologic studies develop, those old maps can no longer satisfy future needs,” said Liu Jianzhong, a CAS researcher. ④Since 2012, Ouyang and Liu have led a team of scientists from several research centers in compiling (编制) this atlas. Their work was mainly built on information gained from China’s Chang’e Program. Information from other research projects and international tasks was also used. ⑤The new geologic atlas, which is published in both Chinese and English, presents a scale (比例尺) of 1: 2.5 million. Compared with the 1:5 million scale lunar maps from the US in 2020, these larger scale maps show more details. As well as the geologic history of the moon, they provide information on its 14 types of structures (结构) and 17 types of rocks. A total of 12,341 impact craters (撞击坑) and 81 impact basins have also been marked. ⑥This atlas is set to serve many useful purposes, such as lunar resources research and science education. Liu said the upcoming Chang’e-6 task would also use the atlas. “Our maps can help the research by providing scientific support,” he explained. ⑦“Compiling the atlas was a huge task, which included years of effort from a large number of researchers,” said Gregory Michael, a German scientist. “It will be a starting point for every new question of lunar geology.” 1. What is the great value of the new atlas? A. It is the first lunar geologic atlas in the world. B. It proves the hard work of Chinese scientists. C. It will meet the future needs in lunar studies. D. It is built on information from many researches. 2. What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? A. The large size and mystery of the moon. B. The discovery of Chang’e Program. C. The details of the new geologic atlas. D. The challenges the scientists face. 3. How does the writer prove “This atlas is set to serve many useful purposes”? A. By comparing different purposes. B. By using Chang’e-6 task as an example. C. By using a German scientist’s words. D. By listing information from the new maps. 4. What does “It” in the last paragraph refer to(指代)? A. Scientific support. B. The lunar research. C. Effort from researchers. D. Compiling the atlas. [06]（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题） A theory of emotionTwo scientists called Stanley Schachter and Jerome Singer developed the two-factor theory of emotion in 1962. They said that emotions are formed in two parts. First, the body has a physical response to a threat and then the mind considers the physical response as an emotion, which is then felt by the person. For example, imagine you are walking through a forest and you see a bear. Seeing it would probably start a physical response, such as your heart beating very fast and sweat breaking out. Your mind then decides that this is fear, which you feel as an emotion. A new study has suggested that the key to reducing feelings of anger is not venting (letting the angry emotions out) but doing calming activities such as yoga or meditation. The study was published in March by Sophie Kjaervik and Brad Bushman from Ohio State University in the US. They wanted to explore the popular theory that venting (expressing) anger is a good way of reducing it. Examples of venting anger include shouting or hitting something like a cushion, so that you let go of the emotion and therefore don’t feel it any more. The pair looked at 154 other studies on anger. These involved 10, 189 people, and included a variety of ages and backgrounds. In their study, Kjaervik and Bushman define anger as “an emotional response (反应) to a real or imagined threat (威胁)”. They used a theory of emotion (情绪假说) that says emotions are partly felt in your body and partly in your mind. The scientists looked at the other studies to see how different activities influenced anger. They found that activities such as running or boxing—which are often thought to be good for dealing with anger—weren’t very good at reducing it. In fact, some of these activities actually made it worse because they increased physical responses in the body that are linked to feeling angry. For example, they made people’s hearts beat faster. However, activities that decreased physical responses in the body did help to reduce feelings of anger. These included activities that slow the heart rate, such as deep breathing, meditation and yoga. Bushman says activities that increase physical responses may be good for heart health but are “definitely not the best way to reduce anger”. The team found jogging was most likely to increase anger. However, some heart-rate increasing activities—like ball games and team sports—could reduce anger. 1. What is the main finding of the new study? A. A new method of venting anger. B. A new method of reducing anger. C. Good activities to vent anger. D. Good activities to reduce anger. 2. What can we learn about calming activities? A. They can reduce feelings of anger. B. They can increase the heart rate. C. They are good for mind health. D. They are good for heart health. 3. According to Schachter and Singer’s theory, what happens first if you see a snake and feel afraid? A. You get the feeling of fear. B. You get the feeling of calm. C. Your heart beats fast. D. Your heart beats slowly. 4. The following sentence can best be put at the end of ________. They think this shows that fun or playful activities help to reduce negative feelings. A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4 [07]（2024·江苏苏州·中考真题）China has become the world’s largest producer and market of EVs (电车). According to a report, 9.58 million Chinese-made EVs were produced and 9.49 million were sold in 2023. Among the total sales, 1.2 million EVs were exported (出口). The Chinese government has been encouraging EVs as part of its effort for green, high-quality development. As a result, China’s EV industry develops very quickly. At Auto (汽车) China 2004, BYD was the only company showing EVs there. At Auto China 2024, there were 278 different EV models on show, including BYD, SAIC, Geely, Li Auto, Nio, Xpeng and other brands (品牌). China’s EV industry is now facing both challenges and chances. It’s reported that 71% of EV brands cut prices in 2023. EV makers without the ability of innovation (创新) will face growing risks. In order to be both green and smart, Chinese EV makers are trying hard to improve technologies like battery qualities and AI support. At the same time, the government is adding even more charging points (充电站). On the other hand, more Chinese people are aware of the environmental problems. It is encouraging more buyers to choose EVs. EVs are the way of the future. In an ideal world, everyone benefits from innovation and green transport. Some might get there sooner than others, and will gain greater rewards. It is very likely that China will hold the lead. 1. How many Chinese-made EVs were sold in China in 2023? A. 8.38 million. B. 9.49 million. C. 9.58 million. D. 8.29 million. 2. What is the purpose of Paragraph 2? A. To introduce different EV brands in China. B. To give some information about Auto China. C. To show the development of China’s EV industry. D. To advise people to buy Chinese-made EVs. 3. EV makers can most probably reduce growing risks by ______. A. improving innovation ability B. winning the government’s support C. adding more charging points D. dealing with environmental problems 4. What’s the writer’s attitude (态度) towards the future of China’s EV industry? A. Uncertain. B. Hopeful. C. Doubtful. D. Worried. [08]（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题）As we know, eating vegetables is good for us. Why do some people like them but others don’t? A new study has found that other people’s likes and dislikes could be a reason. According to the research, people who eat vegetables and show a clear dislike for them can influence others. People may make facial expressions (面部表情) when eating. How does it affect a person watching them? A team of scientists in the UK did a study. They asked more than 200 young women to watch videos of other adults eating broccoli (西兰花). The people in the videos had different expressions while eating. They would smile, seem neutral (neither happy nor sad), or look disgusted. The study found that when people in the videos look disgusted while eating broccoli, people watching them began to like broccoli less. The opposite was not true, however. When someone had a smile while eating broccoli, people watching them did not like broccoli more. By watching others, humans learn which behaviors will be good for them. Scientists believe that people might avoid food that looks terrible. In this way, people can protect themselves from eating something bad or dangerous. The research focused only on adults, but the team believe that the results could also work for children. This means, if children see their parents not enjoying certain foods, including vegetables, they might not want to eat them either. How does the behavior of adults influence children’s choices of food? The team said they hope to understand more about it. This could help find ways to encourage children to eat more healthy foods. 1. What does the underlined word “disgusted” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Excited. B. Amazed. C. Unhappy. D. Untidy. 2. What’s the result of the study? A. People may prefer the food others like. B. Children dislike eating certain vegetables. C. Young women are easily affected by others. D. People may not choose the food others dislike. 3. The team may do further study on _________. A. the safety of children’s food B. the wish to understand children C. the influences of parents’ behavior D. the ways to produce healthy foods 4. What is the best title of the text? A. Videos affect choices of food B. Studies on vegetables help a lot C. Expressions prevent possible dangers D. Opinions on vegetables influence others [09]（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题） If you grew up in an unusual family and felt limited by heavy thoughts, how would you change your life story? In the book Educated, the US writer Tara Westover shows us how she deals with hard times. The book talks about Westover’s life. Her father had a junkyard (废品场) in Idaho, US. It’s a very small mountain village. Tara and her brothers and sisters worked every day. Before she turned 17, she had never traveled outside. None of the kids in her family had ever been to a school or a hospital. As she got older, she felt that she needed to get away from this uncomfortable situation. Luckily, Westover’s older brother taught her to read. With hard work, Westover went to college on a scholarship, and later got a PhD (博士学位) in History at Cambridge University. Education changed her, her life, her way of thinking and even her luck. After reading the book, I come to feel the deepest thanks for my own family, and the education I got. Education allows girls like Westover to fly like birds toward their own goals. It allows us to get a different view, find new experiences, better understand others and explore the wider world. I wish for all of us to be like free and powerful birds, growing and changing through challenges and difficulties. 1. What’s the writing purpose of paragraph 1? A. To attract readers’ interest. B. To collect Westover’s opinion. C. To show how to deal with hard times. D. To explain how to change one’s life story. 2. What can we learn about Westover’s life from paragraph 2? A. Her brother got a PhD in History. B. She changed her life with hard work. C. Her life in the village was comfortable. D. She left the small village in childhood. 3. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Directions of birds’ flying. B. The ways of thinking. C. Experiences of girls’ growing. D. The power of education. 4. What is the text? A. A news report. B. A book review. C. A science fiction. D. A reading plan. [10]（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）Scientists who study happiness have evidence (证据) to show that being kind to others can result in happiness. Acts as simple as buying a cup of coffee for someone can lift a person’s mood, for example. Everyday life is full of chances for such actions, yet people do not always make the most of them. In studies, behavioral scientist Nicholas Epley and I examined a possible explanation: people who do kind acts underestimate (低估) how much the ones receiving kindness value their behavior. In the experiments (实验), about 1, 000 people were asked to do some actions to make someone else feel good. We asked both the person performing (执行) the kind act and the one receiving it to answer some questions. The performers were asked to report their own experience and to guess how the receivers might feel. We wanted to understand how valuable people considered these acts to be, so both the performer and receiver had to rate (评分) how “big” the act seemed. In all cases, we compared the performer’s expectations of the receiver’s mood with the receiver’s actual (实际的) experience. For one, both performers and receivers experienced more positive (积极的) moods. For another, the receivers felt much better than the kind performers expected. The receivers also rated these acts as “bigger” than the people performing them did. At first, we studied acts of the kindness done for familiar people, such as friends, classmates or family. But we found that performers underestimated their positive influences on strangers as well. In one experiment, performers in a public park gave away hot chocolate on a cold winter’s day to people that just happened to be nearby. Again, the kind act brought more happiness than the performers expected. These findings suggest that what might seem small could matter a great deal to the person we do it for. Considering these warm actions can improve our own mood and brighten the day of another person, why not choose kindness when we can? 1. What did the receivers do in the experiments? A. They showed kindness to others. B. They guessed the performers’ feelings. C. They rated how valuable the performers’ act of kindness was. D. They compared the performers’ expectations with their actual results. 2. What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A. Different purposes of the research. B. More evidence for the research results. C. Possible influences of the research findings. D. Another explanation of the research methods. 3. What is the writer’s attitude (态度) towards showing kindness to others? A. Supportive. B. Unclear. C. Doubtful. D. Uninterested. 4. What is the main idea of this article? A. Being kind can reduce one’s happiness as expected. B. Kindness can have unexpectedly positive influences. C. Choosing kindness is more difficult than expected. D. Showing kindness is more valuable than receiving it. [11]（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）Sending astronauts to Mars is a big challenge. Astronauts will have to take everything they need, including food, air and water. The room inside the spaceship is too limited to hold many things. So packing a spaceship is a huge challenge for a trip to Mars. Six astronauts on an eight-month trip to Mars will need at least 18,000 kilograms of water for drinking and washing. They’ll also need water to protect themselves from space rays which can pass right through spaceship walls and harm astronauts’ living cells. But a layer of water placed around the ship can stop the harm. That’s a lot of water. And sending water into space is too expensive. It costs $33,000 to send one cup of water to Mars. The more you take, the more it costs. We have the technology to get to Mars, but the problem is that it’s too expensive. But Flynn, an engineer at NASA, thinks he has a way of solving the problem. Instead of building a heavy spaceship and packing it full of stuff (物料), why not use the stuff as part of the spaceship? Imagine a spaceship that blows up like a balloon. Inside, the walls have pockets like a big honeycomb (蜂巢). These hold lots of plastic bags filled with water, dried food and algae (水藻). All these make hard walls and great radiation (辐射) protection. And stopping radiation doesn’t influence the food or water itself—it’s safe to eat and drink. And what if the same water could be reused again and again? Flynn and his team call their packed-pocket idea Water Walls. Making oxygen and taking away CO2—the waste gas you breathe out—is another problem in space. “Water Walls will take away CO2 the same way it’s done here on our Earth—with living plants,” Flynn says. Living plants take in CO2 to make their food, and give off oxygen. “Plants are hard to grow in a spacecraft, so we use algae,” he says. Algae are tiny plants that live in water. The algae will live in bags in the walls too, fed by human waste and sunlight, eating up CO2 and making oxygen for the astronauts to breathe. Flynn thinks his onboard recycling system has many advantages. He hopes it will help make flying to Mars a reality very soon. 1. What does the underlined phrase “packing a spaceship” in paragraph 1 most probably mean? A. repairing things in a spaceship B. recycling things in a spaceship C. checking things in a spaceship D. putting things into a spaceship 2. What is the advantage of Flynn’s system? A. Cost is saved. B. Travelling time is saved. C. Plastic bags are saved. D. Food is saved. 3. What is one purpose of Flynn’s idea of Water Walls? A. To prevent space rays during the space trip. B. To make the whole spaceship stronger. C. To control the temperature in the spaceship. D. To produce water in the spaceship. 4. Why are algae put in the plastic bags? A. To prevent water from being polluted. B. To serve as food for astronauts. C. To provide oxygen for astronauts. D. To help other plants grow in a spaceship. [12]（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）The Drama Festival will run in and outside China from June 20 to July 7. Sixty-five works will be put on both in theaters and online. “The festival is all about imagination connecting drama with the latest technology,” says Liu Chang, manager of the festival, who is also a drama director. Technology has improved design, performances and so on. Artists like Liu aren’t sure if the new technology can take drama to the future. A Chinese play directed by Meng Jinghui, inspired (赋予灵感) by the two-part drama Faust by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, will be on as the opening play of the festival. In the first half of the play, Meng introduces the story to 400 real audiences (观众) sitting in the Fengchao Theater in Beijing. The second half of the play will have more audiences, who use their cellphones, computers and headsets to be part of the play online. Zhang Zhouxiang is a director full of imagination. His work, inspired by Hieronymus Bosch’s painting The Garden of Earthly Delights, will be shown from June 30 to July 2. Supported by AI, audiences can explore the fictitious scene, similar to the feeling in the real world, as the painting describes. “The stage (舞台) design is done by AI, which is like an assistant realizing the ideas of me and my team,” says Liu, “Now I try to use the latest technology, such as ChatGPT, to write the script, and I am still working on it because the language model is difficult to understand.” Now technology is playing a more and more important role. Many artists want to use it to improve drama. They are very interested in the relationship between people and the latest technology, especially when connected in drama—a scene to dream. 1. Which of the following is true according to this passage? A. Liu doubts whether technology can greatly improve drama. B. Meng’s two-part drama Faust will be on at the opening. C. Audiences can explore the scene of Liu’s work by AI. D. Liu has managed to write the script by ChatGPT. 2. What does the underlined word “fictitious” mean in Paragraph 3? A. colorful B. unreal C. fantastic D. boring 3. What is the structure of this passage? (1=Paragraph 1, 2-Paragraph 2…) A. B. C. D. 4. What is the best title of this passage? A. A drama festival B. Human imagination C. Drama of the future D. AI-assisted technology [13]（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题） You stand in a garden. A low noise reaches your ears. You see a small insect flying near your head. You turn to look, and it flies out of sight. There it is again! You move slowly. You can see yellow and black stripes on it. Is it a bee? It lands on a flower, and you take a closer look. Bees fold(折叠) their wings onto their backs when they stop flying. But this insect’s wings reach out like a fly’s. That’s because it is a fly—a flower fly. Many flower flies look like bees. This helps keep them safe from animals that may want to eat them. Insects with yellow and black stripes usually have stingers(刺). Insect eaters, such as some birds and frogs, need to get stung only once to know that stripes mean trouble. Flower flies can’t sting, but insect eaters see the stripes and leave the flies alone. Flower flies spend most of their time looking for food. Like bees, flower flies eat pollen(花粉) and nectar(花蜜). This makes them easy to find in a garden full of flowers. They are helpful garden insects just like bees. Adult flower flies move pollen from one flower to another, which helps some flowers grow into fruit. Flower flies can stay in one place while flying. Most insects move forward when they fly. But flower flies can twist their wings, much like hummingbirds do. Twisting keeps them in one place, so they can remain over flowers, leaves, or even you! 1. In which part of a magazine can we probably see this passage? A. Nature. B. Culture. C. Fashion. D. Health. 2. In which way are bees and flower flies different? A. The food that they eat. B. The colour of their stripes. C. The way they help garden flowers grow. D. The shape of wings when they stop flying. 3. What does the underlined phrase “leave the flies alone” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. Make friends with the flies. B. Eat the flies up. C. Keep away from the flies. D. Invite the flies in. 4. What might the writer of the passage agree with? A. People usually prefer bees to flower flies. B. People sometimes mistake flower flies for bees. C. People should stop birds eating bees and flower flies. D. People should have beautiful gardens in their neighbourhood. [14]（2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Family is very important for everyone, no matter where you are from. So in both East and West, people have festivals to celebrate family reunions(团聚). These festivals include the Mid-Autumn Festival in China and Thanksgiving Day in the US. How are they celebrated and what are the differences? Let’s take a look. Sharing the moonlight The Mid-Autumn Festival is the second most important traditional festival in China after the Spring Festival. It’s on the 15th day of the eighth month of Chinese lunar calendar. In ancient China, the day was considered as a harvest festival since fruits, vegetables and grain(谷物) had been collected from the fields. All the family got together and had a big dinner. They ate a special festival food-moon cakes and enjoyed the full moon. On that day, the moon is full. The full moon is a symbol for family reunions which mean tuanyuan in Chinese. Now people also celebrate the festival by getting together and having a big dinner. When it gets dark, people look up at the full moon, eating moon cakes and missing friends and relatives who are far from home. “We wish each other a long life so as to share the beauty of this graceful moonlight, even though miles apart!” wrote Su Shi, a famous Song Dynasty poet. Showing thanks Thanksgiving Day is one of the biggest holidays in the US. It’s on the fourth Thursday of November. People visit their friends and relatives to remind themselves that they are lucky to have happiness, health and family and also to have a roof over their heads. In 1621, about 100 English people took a ship, the Mayflower, and arrived in the northeastern US. The winter there was very cold and life was hard. As the American Indians helped them a lot, the English people asked them to have a big meal with then in order to express their thanks. The celebration lasted for three days. Today, people usually have a family meal on Thanksgiving Day. They enjoy delicious food such as pumpkin scorn and a big, golden turkey. There are other traditions on the day. For example, the turkey has a V-shaped bone in the breast. It’s called a wishbone. After roasting(烤), two persons each take one end of the bone. They make a wish and then pull it. If one gets the larger part of the bone, he or she will get good luck. The most important part of Thanksgiving Day is to say “thanks”— this is the spirit of the holiday. People also like to watch the Thanksgiving Day Parade on TV. 1. Why did people celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival in ancient China? A. Because people could eat moon cakes. B. Because people enjoyed the full moon. C. Because people could get together with relatives. D. Because people had a good harvest from the fields. 2. What does the underlined part “to have a roof over their heads” in the passage probably mean? A. To have somewhere to live. B. To have food to eat. C. To have friends to talk to. D. To have clothes to wear. 3. What is the spirit of Thanksgiving Day? A. To pull the bone. B. To play American football. C. To say “thanks”. D. To watch the Parade. 4. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. The background to the two festivals. B. The introduction to the two festivals. C. The activities of the two festivals. D. The customs of the two festivals. [15]（2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Spring is the season when plants start to grow freely from the ground. In China, wild spring greens are traditionally thought of as a healthy food. They are still common in many dishes today. Chinese toon shoots (香椿芽) Toon shoots are usually the best just before guyu, the sixth of the 24 solar terms (节气). Guyu means that spring is almost to end. This is when the leaves are very tender (嫩的). It is often cooked with eggs to balance the sometimes strong tastes of the leaves. It can also be prepared with tofu. Indian aster (马兰头) The meaning of Indian aster is to make a horse turn its head. It is said that its tender-taste could make a horse stop moving on. Perhaps because of the name, the green has become a goodbye gift, cooked when one wants to wish a friend a safe journey, according to the website The World of Chinese. The vegetable is usually boiled in water, cut and mixed with tofu and sesame oil. Shepherd’s purse (荠菜) Shepherd’s purse is a green herb (草本植物) with an unusual smell. It grows early in spring and can be eaten both cooked and uncooked. It tastes a little but bitter (苦的) and sweet and can be used in dumplings and wonton or cooked in soup. In traditional Chinese medicine, it is used to improve eyesight, deal with high blood pressure and stop bleeding. Luhao (芦蒿) Taken as a symbol of spring, luhao was thought highly of by a famous Chinese poet. He said, “When the land is green and luhao is everywhere, spring has truly arrived.” Before or during guyu, luhao is very tender and is usually cooked with meat. It tastes light and can be simply cooked with ginger, spring onion and a little chilli. Tips for eating wild vegetables ※ Do not eat wild vegetables you don’t know. ※ Do not eat polluted wild vegetables. ※ Do not eat wild vegetables which have been kept for a long time. Eat them fresh after picking them. ※ Do not take wild vegetables as a main course. 1. Why do people cook toon shoots with eggs according to the passage? A. To look more colorful. B. To make it taste sweet. C. To balance the strong taste. D. To make it healthy to people. 2. What do toon shoots and Indian aster have in common (有共同点) according to the passage? A. Both of them can be mixed with tofu. B. Both of them are very tender after guyu. C. Both of them are green herbs with usual tastes. D. Both of them can deal with high blood pressure. 3. Which of the following dishes might improve people’s eyesight? A. Toon shoots. B. Shepherd’s purse. C. Indian aster. D. Luhao. 4. What can we infer (推断) according to the tips in the passage? A. Do not eat the wild vegetables in spring. B. Take the wild vegetables as a main course. C. Store the wild vegetables as long as possible. D. The unknown wild vegetables might be harmful. 【限时练二：2025年江苏名校模拟·说明文15篇】 [1]（24-25九年级下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）You may drink bottled water when you are thirsty. But plastic bottles are bad for the environment. Is there a way not to use plastic bottles to hold water? Try the Ooho bubble (泡状物). It is a small ball of water. The water is in a soft container. People use it instead of a plastic bottle. It has no color, no smell and no taste. It is made from seaweed (海藻) and is safe for people to eat. You can make a hole in the container and drink water from it. Or you can just put the whole ball into your mouth. Three creators from a college in London made the Ooho bubble. It is good for the environment. And people can only spend 0.14 yuan buying one ball. It is much cheaper than a bottle of water, so many people like it. But there are still a lot of problems to solve. For example, each water ball doesn’t hold much water. People may have to drink a lot of them if they are very thirsty. Or some may feel it’s not clean to hold the water bubble with their hands.What do you think about it? 1. The Ooho bubble is a kind of ________. A. plastic B. bottle C. water D. paper 2. A lot of people like this kind of water because ________. A. it is much cheaper B. it is in a soft container C. it has no color or smell D. it is made from seaweed 3. The underlined word “container” means ________ in English. A. plastic B. bag C. cloth D. vessel 4. To make the Ooho bubble popular, what problem should be solved? A. The ball can just hold a little water. B. It is difficult to make a hole in the container. C. People cannot just hold the water ball with hands. D. The container made from seaweed is very expensive. [2]（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）At the 2025 CCTV Spring Festival Gala, a programme caught the attention of millions. It was a group of robots dancing Yangko (扭秧歌). The performance joined traditional Chinese Yangko dance and modern robot technology. The robots could “understand” the music. They could not only dance to the music but also adjust their movements in real-time according to the music. These robots were developed by Unitree Robotics, a leading Chinese robotics company that makes robots. Founded (成立) in 2016, the company has quickly been famous for its “four-legged” robots, which are designed to mimic (模仿) the movements of animals like dogs. They are designed to help with tasks like carrying heavy objects, exploring dangerous places or playing games. One special thing about Unitree’s robots is their low cost. For example, the Gol robot costs about $2,700, while similar robots from other companies can cost over $70,000! Today, Unitree robots are used in factories, schools and even at home. With their smart designs and friendly prices, Unitree is making robots more useful and fun for everyone! The company hopes that in the future, robots will become a common part of everyday life, helping people in their homes and workplaces. 1. How did the robots’ performance at the 2025 CCTV Spring Festival Gala attract millions? A. They performed without any traditional music. B. They could do wonderful tricks and play instruments. C. They were controlled by people who danced together. D. They mixed modern technology with traditional culture. 2. What does the word adjust probably mean in Paragraph 2? A. break something B. change or control things C. draw pictures D. cut things into pieces 3. What is Unitree Robotics known for according to the passage? A. Producing robots. B. Developing smartphones. C. Creating spaceships. D. Designing electric cars. 4. What can we learn from the passage? A. Robots will only be used in factories. B. Robots will help humans with all the tasks. C. Robots will bring a new life to our life. D. Robots will be more expensive in the future. [3]（24-25九年级下·江苏南通·阶段练习）Unless we spend money to spot (认出，发现) and prevent asteroids (小行星) now, one might crash into Earth and destroy life as we know it, say some scientists. Asteroids are bigger versions of the meteoroids (流星体) that race across the night sky. Most orbit the sun far from Earth and don’t threaten us. But there are also thousands of asteroids whose orbits put them on a collision course with Earth. But $500 million worth of new telescopes right now, then spend $10 million a year for the next 25 years to locate most of the space rocks. By the time we spot a fatal one, the scientists say, we’ll have a way to change its course. Is it worth it? Two things experts consider when judging any risk are: (1) How likely the event is; (2) How bad the consequences if the event occurs. Experts think an asteroid big enough to destroy lots of life might strike Earth once every 500,000 years. Sounds pretty rare but if one did fall. It would be the end of the world. “If we don’t take care of these big asteroids, they’ll take care of us,” says one scientist. “It’s that simple.” The cure, though, might be worse than the disease. Do we really want fleets (舰队，车队) of nuclear weapons sitting around on Earth? “The world has less fear from doomsday (毁灭性) rocks than from a great nuclear fleet set against them.” said a New York Times article. 1. What does the passage say about asteroids and meteoroids? A. They are heavenly bodies different in composition. B. They are heavenly bodies similar in nature. C. They are more asteroids than meteoroids. D. Asteroids are more mysterious than meteoroids. 2. What do scientists say about the collision of an asteroid with Earth? A. It is very unlikely but the danger exists. B. Such a collision might occur once every 25 years. C. Collisions of smaller asteroids with Earth occur more often than expected. D. It’s still too early to say whether such a collision might occur. 3. We can conclude from the passage that _________. A. while pushing asteroids off course nuclear weapons would destroy the world B. asteroids racing across the night sky are likely to hit Earth in the near future C. the worry about asteroids can be left to future generations since it is unlikely to happen in our lifetime D. workable solutions still have to be found to prevent a collision of asteroids with Earth 4. Which of the following best describes the author’s tone in this passage? A. Optimistic. B. Critical (批评的). C. Objective (客观的). D. Arbitrary (武断的). [4]（2025·江苏苏州·模拟预测）An invasive species (入侵物种) of ant is changing the way lions hunt and eat in Kenya, according to a new study. The species’ arrival has led to a fall in the number of whistling thorn trees, which lions hide behind before they hunt zebras. The big-headed ant is one of the world’s worst invasive species. This means it is not from the area. The ants arrived in Kenya from southern Africa about 15 years ago, and since then have been attacking the acacia ants—ants that have lived there long ago. Acacia ants live in and look after the whistling thorn trees that spread over the landscape. In what’s known as a “symbiotic relationship (共生关系)”, the acacia ants feed on the trees and use them for cover. In return, they protect the trees from animals that might eat too much of them, like elephants or giraffes. They do this by moving and attacking together. Big-headed ants are very aggressive and they eat acacia ants and their eggs. As a result, the number of acacia ants is falling. Big-headed ants don’t protect whistling thorn trees either, so with fewer acacia ants, the trees are in trouble. Professor Todd Palmer, one of the study’s writers, and his team, found that in areas where big-headed ants appear, elephants destroy (破坏) five to seven times more trees than in areas free from the invaders. This means the landscape is more open and zebras are better able to spot any lion following them. Zebra killed in these areas are three times lower than in tree-filled places. The good news is that the lion population remains stable (稳定的) because the big cats are looking elsewhere for their lunch—they appear to be hunting buffalo (野牛) instead of zebras. This probably means that the tiny ants have caused lions to change their behaviour too, forcing them to hunt in larger groups for the bigger, heavier buffalo. Professor Palmer said, “We often find it’s the little things that rule the world.” 1. In the “symbiotic relationship”, ________. A. big-headed ants look after whistling thorn trees B. acacia ants feed on animals like elephants C. whistling thorn trees provide cover for acacia ants D. whistling thorn trees protect acacia ants from animals 2. The underlined word “aggressive” has the closest meaning to “________”. A. ready to attack B. willing to help C. easy to grow D. difficult to see 3. According to Paragraphs 4 & 5, which shows the CORRECT order of the changes? ① The landscape is more open. ② The number of acacia ants is falling. ③ Whistling thorn trees are in trouble. ④ Fewer zebras are killed in this area. A. ②③④① B. ②③①④ C. ③②①④ D. ③②④① 4. What’s the best title for the text? A. An Invasive Species of Ant B. Changes of the Whistling Thorn Trees C. Acacia Ants and Big-headed Ants D. Tiny Ants Can Change Lions’ Diets [05]（2025·江苏连云港·模拟预测）Each year on Feb.21, UNESCO (联合国教科文组织) holds an International Mother INTERNATIONAL Language Day (IMLD). The event is to help people to pay attention to the disappearance of the world’s languages: many of them are disappearing each year. UNESCO sees this as a terrible fact. What happens when a language dies out? Something great is lost—not just sounds and marks but the way that people understand the world and communicate with each other. We keep different cultures and traditions through languages. Kill a language and all these are killed too. Through IMLD, more and more people come to realize the terrible situation and try to stop it. Google’s 2018 Endangered (濒临灭绝的) Languages Project is a good example. Many speakers and protectors of endangered languages upload (上传) texts, audios and videos to the project website. They want to introduce the way that people communicate and express themselves around the world. The Myaamia Project is the same kind of effort to revive the language spoken by the Miami tribes (部落) of the United States. Project members work to encourage people to study and communicate with this language, which died out in the 1960s. These activities give life to those endangered languages. People who work to keep languages alive are not limited to the past.Many young people design apps and use social media to support their activities. They “spread the word” to save the word. So, while the problem of disappearing languages remains a very serious one, there is hope. We all have a special feeling of our mother language. This is why we should remember the wise words of late president of South Africa, Nelson Mandela: “If you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head. If you talk to a man in his own language that goes to his heart.” 1. UNESCO holds IMLD every year in order to help people to _________. A. learn and use endangered languages B. show their talents in learning languages C. practice reading skills of mother languages D. realize the situation of endangered languages 2. What did people do in Google’s 2018 Endangered Languages Project? A. Discuss how to make good use of Google. B. Offer online courses on endangered languages. C. Share materials about endangered languages online. D. Translate endangered languages into mother languages. 3. What does the underlined word “revive” mean in Paragraph 4? A. 创造 B. 学习 C. 复活 D. 清除 4. What can we infer from Paragraph 5? A. It is more difficult to protect endangered languages. B. The disappearance of languages has already stopped. C. Young people don’t care about endangered languages. D. Young people have creative ways toprotect languages. [06]（24-25九年级下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）You may think that bacteria (细菌) should be kept away from priceless old works of art. But some people are using bacteria to bring art back to life! According to Popular Science, special microbes (微生物) have been used on everything from centuries-old frescoes (壁画) to oil paintings to ancient walls. People use them to clean and bring back the bright color of these pieces of cultural heritage (文物). Recently, an Italian art restoration (修复) team tried to clean the marble (大理石) in the Medici Chapel in Florence. It was carved (雕刻) by the famous artist Michelangelo (1475-1564). They chose eight of the most promising (有前景的) types of bacteria from about 1,000 and tested them on the marble. The bacteria successfully cleaned the contaminants (污染物) while leaving the marble unharmed. “Biocleaning”-using bacteria to clean art works-was first used in the 1990s by Italian biologist Giancarlo Ranalli. A team was trying to clean frescoes at a cemetery (公墓) in Pisa, Italy. When the cemetery was destroyed in World War II, people used animal glue to hold the works together. The team wanted to clean away the glue. They turned to Ranalli and asked: “Dr Ranalli, can’t you do anything with your bugs?” It turns out that bacteria are perfect for this kind of job-if you choose the right one. For Ranalli, it was Pseudomonas stutzeri (施氏假单胞菌). It ate through the animal glue while leaving the original (原本的) color of the artworks. Now scientists have grown different types of bacteria for certain contaminants, reported Forbes. It is the artists who create art works, but it is the bacteria that help people enjoy them in the future. 1. How did the Italian art restoration team clean the marble? A. They used eight kinds of harmless bacteria to clean the marble. B. They washed the marble with 1,000 types of bacteria. C. They cleaned the marble with animal glue. D. They used both traditional and biological ways to clean it. 2. The word “bugs” in Paragraph 3 refers to ________. A. frescoes B. animal glue C. bacteria D. contaminants 3. From Paragraph 4, we can infer that ________. A. bacteria for cleaning art are easy to grow B. few contaminants can be cleaned by bacteria C. not all types of bacteria can be used to clean art D. Pseudomonas stutzeri can be used to deal with bugs 4. How long has “Biocleaning” been used? A. For about 30 years. B. Since World War II. C. For centuries. D. When Ranalli found Pseudomonas stutzeri. [07]（24-25九年级下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）What makes you fall asleep? The main cause is your body clock, a time-keeper inside your body. But how to control and use your body clock? Scientists suggested having a shower before bed. Jumping into the shower around an hour before bed could mean you sleep better. A warm shower helps you relax, and then after it warms you up, your core (核心) body temperature drops. This encourages you to fall asleep more quickly and sleep more soundly. A study in 2019 said that a water temperature of 40℃ to 42.4℃ produces the best-quality (最优质的) sleep. After people lie down, most of them take about 20 minutes to fall asleep. However, if you have a shower one to two hours before going to bed, you will fall asleep 10 minutes earlier. Core body temperature drops naturally before you sleep, then drops further during the night. It rises again as you wake up. It is thought that taking a warm shower will speed up the drop in temperature before bed, as it brings blood to the surface of the body, and then the heat is given off. 1. What did scientists suggest people do before bed to sleep better? A. Set a time clock. B. Jump into bed. C. Have a warm shower. D. Jump into river 2. What does the underlined word “soundly” probably mean? A. Deeply. B. Poorly. C. Kindly. D. Excitedly 3. Which water temperature produces the best-quality sleep according to the study? A. 44.2℃ B. 41.5℃ C. 36.4℃ D. 38.4℃ 4. In which part of a newspaper can you find the text? A. Art. B. Weather. C. Health. D. Science [08]（24-25九年级下·江苏宿迁·阶段练习）The animated (动画) film Ne Zha 2, released on January 29, 2025, has become a huge success in the film industry. Directed by the famous Jiaozi (Yang Yu), it continues the exciting story of Ne Zha (哪吒) and Ao Bing (敖丙) from the first movie. After surviving a terrible disaster called the “Heavenly Tribulation (天劫) ,” Ne Zha and Ao Bing lost their physical bodies. Their souls were in great danger until Taiyi Zhenren (太乙真人), a wise immortal from Chinese mythology, saved them using a magical seven-colored lotus. However, peace did not last long. Their souls began to disappear again, forcing Taiyi Zhenren to face a difficult task—rebuilding their bodies with limited materials while solving unexpected problems. The film shows remarkable character growth. Ne Zha, once known for his rebellious nature, learns to care deeply for his friends and understand his true self. His friend Ao Bing, who used to struggle with personal troubles, transforms into a brave warrior. In one powerful scene, Ao Bing declares courageously, “If there’s no path, I’ll create one!” Visually, the movie is a feast for the eyes. It begins with thrilling scenes of flowing lava like wild rivers and terrifying sea monsters jumping out of the water, making viewers feel as if they are part of the action. Later, the story takes the audience to Kunlun Mountain (昆仑山), a magical place from Chinese myths filled with colorful landscapes and graceful fairy-like creatures. The most unforgettable part is the final battle, where characters use amazing weapons like the shape-changing Tianyuan Ding (天元鼎). The fast-paced fighting and brilliant special effects leave a strong impression. Beyond the action, Ne Zha 2 teaches important life lessons. It encourages people to stay brave when facing difficulties, fight for what is right, and value friendship. These themes resonate with both young and adult audiences. The film has broken box office records, earning an astonishing amount in its first week. It also received high praise from critics and viewers, currently holding an 8.6/10 rating on major review platforms. Many praise its perfect mix of cultural elements, exciting storytelling, and positive messages. 1. Who directed the film Ne Zha 2? A. Jiaozi (Yang Yu). B. Zhang Yimou. C. Chen Kaige. D. Feng Xiaogang. 2. What happened to Ne Zha and Ao Bing after the “Heavenly Tribulation”? A. They got stronger powers. B. They lost their physical bodies. C. They became best friends immediately. D. They went to live in Kunlun Mountain. 3. What saved Ne Zha and Ao Bing’s souls at first? A. A magic sword. B. A wise fairy. C. A magical seven-colored lotus. D. A powerful spell. 4. Why did Taiyi Zhenren have a difficult task? A. Because he had to fight against the sea monsters. B. Because he needed to teach Ne Zha and Ao Bing new skills. C. Because their souls started to disappear again and he had to rebuild their bodies with limited materials. D. Because he had to find a way to stop the “Heavenly Tribulation” from happening again. [09]（24-25九年级下·江苏宿迁·阶段练习） On January 28, 2025 a special performance called YangBOT amazed audiences (观众): at the CCTV Spring Festival Gala, China’s most-watched TV show. Directed by Chinese famous filmmaker Zhang Yimou, the performance mixed traditional Chinese yangko dance with modem robot technology. In the performance, humanoid robots (robots shaped like humans) dressed in colorful costumes danced yangko, a joyful folk dance which is from northern China and often seen during festivals. They spun handkerchiefs (手绢) instantly and formed creative group patterns (图案). How amazing! These robots rapidly become a hot search topic on social medias. Everyone wonders where they are from and how they can dance like real men, or even better? These robots were developed by Unitree, a Chinese robotics company. Unitree’s robots are known for their agility, stability, and adaptability, making them ideal for navigating (导航) complex (复杂的) environments and performing a wide range of tasks. Obviously (显然), the robots in YangBOT performance were not Unitree’s first success. In 2021, their robot cows named “Ben Ben” danced as backup for singer Andy Lau. The robots in YangBOT performance learned dance moves through AI and used laser navigation (激光导航) to move safely on the uneven stage. Their strong joints (like knees with 360N.m power) helped them balance perfectly during fast steps. Thanks to these innovations (创新), the robots won the hearts of millions. Zhang Yimou explained, “This dance isn’t just fun. It shows how technology brings new life to traditions.” Young viewers called it “cool”, while older audiences loved its humor and festive spirit. The YangBOT program is a perfect mix of China’s tech progress and cultural pride. As one fan said, “It’s like watching the future and past dance together!” 1. What was special about YangBOT at the 2025 CCTV Spring Festival Gala? A. It was directed by a foreign filmmaker. B. It was the first time robots appeared on the Gala. C. It mixed yangko dance with robot technology. D. Only human dancers performed yangko. 2. How did the robots learn the dance moves? A. Through AI. B. By watching human dancers. C. With the help of Zhang Yimou. D. Under the guide of a supercomputer. 3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Unitree has never had any success before. B. Zhang Yimou thought the dance was only for fun. C. The robots in the performance were all dressed in dark costumes. D. The strong joints of the robots helped them balance perfectly during fast steps. 4. Where is the passage probably taken from? A. A textbook B. A travel guide C. A newspaper D. An advertisement [10]（2025·江苏苏州·一模）Everyone needs help sometimes. People depend on one another. That’s why communities have special people ready to lend a helping hand to anyone who needs it. For example, what would we do without a community fire station? If a home catches on fire, as the Jackson place did last week. it might be burned down and people get hurt … or worse. We’re so lucky to have firemen to come to save people and put out the fire, safely. If the fire station hadn’t been so close, the Jacksons might have lost everything. And what about our local police who protect our families, our homes and valuable things? The police have helped so many families during past years, especially saving people and pets and protecting our houses and other things after the heavy rains. Think about all the other service workers we have in this community. We have people who collect waste and rubbish and keep our community sanitary. We have road workers who put up and repair traffic signs and fix holes in the streets to protect not just us, but our cars! And where would this community be without the teachers in our school and the doctors, and nurses in our community hospitals? Think again about what we eat every day; think again about what we wear every day. We cannot produce them, but we use them all the time. We get a lot from all these tireless workers who keep our community running. We need these people in the community. We depend on each other. Let’s support each other and help each other. Only in this way can we make our community a better place. 1. What happened to the Jacksons last week? A. Their pets were lost. B. Their car was badly burnt. C. Their house caught on fire. D. Their valuable things were stolen. 2. What does the underlined word “sanitary” mean? A. Safe. B. Clean. C. Quiet. D. Busy. 3. Which question could best help us find out the writer’s purpose? A. Did the writer make us laugh? B. Did the writer teach us what to do when a fire breaks out? C. Did the writer tell us about how to become a teacher? D. Did the writer want us to do something? 4. What is the best title for the passage? A. People depend on each other. B. Policemen save people’s lives C. Service workers do important jobs D. Workers keep community running [11]（24-25九年级下·江苏无锡·开学考试）When everyone in China is getting ready for the traditional Chinese New Year, a Chinese AI app is shining around the world. The Chinese artificial intelligence (Al) app DeepSeek became the most downloaded free app on the Apple App Store worldwide, followed by ChatGPT from Open AI, Gemini from Google, and Llama 2 from Meta. With this success, stocks (股票) related to DeepSeek rose quickly on Monday, with many starting the day more than 10 percent higher. It is believed to bring a big red envelope to shareholders. In January 2025, the Chinese AI company DeepSeek introduced its new open source model, DeepSeekR1. It is reported that this model made an important breakthrough (突破) by using deep learning techniques (技术) that let the AI develop reasoning (推理) skills on its own. As a result, in tasks such as math, coding, and language reasoning, the model works as well as the top models from big companies like Open AI, and in some fields, it even outperforms the world’s best apps. What impresses the world most is that the developers used less powerful chips than those used by leading competitors (竞争者). Moreover, both the number of chips and the number of developers on the team are lower than those of industry leaders. This means that the cost for users will be lower than that offered by other competitors. The app quickly attracted global (全球的) attention. People in Silicon Valley started wondering how its developers almost caught up with American rivals (对手) Marc Andersen, a well-known investor in Silicon Valley, said on X (Twitter), “DeepSeekR1 is one of the most amazing and impressive breakthroughs. I’ve ever seen.” DeepSeek means a lot to China and its AI industry. It marks the rise of Chinese large models on the global stage. However, with this progress come new challenges. The rapid development of such powerful technology has also attracted criticism (批判) from abroad, including cyber (网络) attacks and other forms of unfriendly behavior. 1. What is the main idea of the second paragraph? A. The introduction of DeepSeekR1 and its breakthroughs. B. The comparison between DeepSeek and other apps. C. The reason why DeepSeek became popular. D. The way DeepSeekR1 uses deep-learning techniques. 2. Why does the writer mention Marc Andersen? A. To introduce the famous Silicon Valley investor Marc Andersen. B. To suggest that American investors are worried about Chinese AI technology. C. To prove that DeepSeek is the most downloaded app in the world. D. To compare the achievements of AI at home and abroad. 3. What can we learn from the passage? A. DeepSeek became the most downloaded paid app on the Apple App Store worldwide. B. DeepSeekR1 didn’t make any breakthrough. C. The developers of DeepSeek used less powerful chips and had fewer developers on the team. D. Stocks related to DeepSeek fell quickly on Monday. 4. Where is this passage most likely from? A. A science-fiction novel B. A financial newspaper C. A children’s storybook D. A fashion magazine [12]（2025·江苏苏州·一模）Mobile phones are one of the most useful inventions of the last 50 years, but not everything that is said about them is good. Mobiles are often believed to be the cause of a number of things from poor eyesight and headaches to house fires. There’s even one theory that mobile phones should be responsible for the disappearance of bees! The theory is that the radiation (辐射) given off by mobile phones does great harm to bees’ navigation systems (导航系统). Bees have a built-in system a bit like BDS and this helps them find their way back to their hives. But recently, thousands of bees have failed to find their way home. It is believed that they are dying far from their hives. The problem was first noticed by beekeepers in America and is a lot more serious than it at first seems. The important thing about bees is that most of the crops in many countries of the world are pollinated (投粉) by them. Without bees, the crops can’t continue to grow. Many beekeepers in Europe have reported losing between 50 and 70 per cent of their bees. Jim Piper, London beekeeper, said to the reporter, “My business is becoming worse. Twenty-nine of my forty hives are now empty.” Nobody knows for sure whether the theory is true or not, but it’s a fact that bees are disappearing in very large numbers. And we can’t manage without them. It is said that if all our bees disappeared, man would only live for four more years! If the mobile phone theory is correct, we need to do something about it right now—before it’s too late. 1. What might be caused by mobiles according to Paragraph 1? A. Poor listening. B. The disappearance of bees. C. The forest fires. D. Terrible toothache. 2. What does the theory in the passage say? A. Bees have BDS inside their bodies. B. Mobiles have an influence on bees’ hives. C. The radiation makes bees lose their way home. D. The radiation makes bees unable to fly. 3. What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us? A. Bees’ disappearing is a serious problem. B. Beekeepers’ business is getting worse. C. Crops will stop growing. D. Beekeepers in Europe found the problem first. 4. The author wrote this passage to ________. A. call on people to help beekeepers B. show how a bee’s built-in system works C. ask people to stop using mobiles right away D. warn people of the possible harm mobiles do to bees [13]（24-25九年级下·江苏南通·开学考试）In nature, you may see many insects and animals of different colors. Have you ever wondered why locusts are super delicious food for birds, but it is not always an easy job for birds to catch them. It is neither because locusts are good jumpers or runners nor because they are smarter than their enemies. The reason is that the colors of locusts change with the colors of crops (庄稼). When crops are young, locusts look green. But when autumn comes, locusts change to the yellow and brown color as crops do. Brown bears, tigers and other animals move quietly through forests. They can’t be seen easily by their enemies. This is because they have colors similar (类似的) to the trees. For the same reason, polar bears that live on a land of snow and ice are white. Butterflies and bees living among the flowers are colorful like flowers. Soil (土壤) insects are mostly dark-colored and they live under the soil in a dark and wet environment. However, insects with colors different from plants can easily be found and eaten by others. So in order to survive, they have to hide themselves in the daytime and appear only at night. Have you ever noticed some even stranger acts? The ink fish (墨鱼) in the sea can send out some very black ink when it faces danger. As the ink spreads over (散开), its enemies (敌人) will find themselves suddenly in a dark world. At the same time the ink fish immediately swims away. That is how it keeps itself safe though it is not strong at all. 1. It is not easy for birds to catch locusts because ________. A. locusts are good runners B. locusts can jump very high C. locusts are smarter than birds D. locusts can change their color 2. According to the passage, most soil insects _________. A. do not have bright colors B. change their colors with the soil C. do not live in a dark and wet environment D. eat colorful insects like butterflies and bees 3. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “survive” in the passage? A. 繁殖 B. 产卵 C. 觅食 D. 生存 4. The ink fish ________ so that its enemies will not see it. A. changes its color B. makes the water around it black C. appears only at night D. hides itself in the sea rocks [14]（24-25九年级下·江苏南京·开学考试）Linda is looking through the website http://ww.keepingfit.com. Here is what she reads. Researchers have found the health benefits of dancing for people in poor health condition, from improving brain health to creating community. Becky is teaching a group of 80 adults some dancing skills. Many of her students are seated in the dancing room because they have difficulty in moving. When they are following Becky’s pretty movements, a sense of peace comes over them. Dance as a medicine Helen, a researcher, says that dance requires different parts of the brain to work at the same time, that is to say, dance requires more “brain power” than simpler repetitive (重复的) exercises. She invited two groups of adults to take part in programmes for over six months. One group practised dancing and the other did a traditional exercise like cycling. Both groups improved their level of physical fitness, but the group of dancers improved more cognitive abilities, such as memory, attention and high-level thinking. Dance described by Helen as “pleasure double-play” can lift the mood and reduce stress. Dance as body acceptance Besides the physical and mental benefits, dance can also help people with diseases accept what their bodies can and can’t do. Jenny is Becky’s student. Her body went numb when she was in her mid-twenties. She had no feelings from the knees down. She suffered from serious muscle tightness and balance problems, making standing and walking difficult for her. Jenny recently joined an online dance programme. Not only has it improved her coordination (协调性), but it has enabled her to overcome her fear of being judged (评价) for how she moves, both in the dance class and out in the world. “I see so many people moving like me,” she says. “I don’t have to be perfect in my dancing or make sure my leg lifts this way—it makes me comfortable with where I am right now.” Dance as community Perhaps one of the biggest benefits of dance is the sense of community it creates. Dancing with others not only makes people feel less different in their moving abilities, but also helps to fight against loneliness and problems in getting along with others. Becky started teaching more than 22 years ago, and she has helped 300 communities in 28 countries around the world. In some countries , such as India and South Korea, people have put their own cultural dance styles into their classes. Becky wants to create a sense of family and community for this group of people. Whenever and wherever she teaches, she hopes to make them feel joyful, get much closer to the community, and explore the limitless possibilities for the rest of their lives. 1. In which part of the website may you find this passage? A. Culture. B. Fashion. C. Health. D. Literature. 2. From “Dance as a medicine” part, we can learn that ________. A. the act of dancing helps to improve “brain power” B. dance needs more repetitive exercises than “brain power” C. dance needs more high-level thinking to lift the mood D. the act of traditional exercise requires more attention 3. How do you understand the underlined part of this passage? A. Jenny accepts the disabilities of her body after dancing. B. Jenny wants to be perfect after practising dancing. C. Jenny feels sad because she is weak in dancing. D. Jenny thinks she should treat her leg for better dancing. 4. What’s the best title for this passage? A. Dancing helps to cure illness B. Dancing helps to reduce loneliness C. Dancing helps to change moods D. Dancing helps to better yourself [15]（24-25九年级下·江苏南京·开学考试）It is like a scene from a horror film: a spider web is several meters wide, which is home to thousands of spiders. And that was what Jason G. Goldman, an animal behavior researcher, found along a muddy path in the Peruvian Amazon jungle — the web arched from tree to tree, a structure containing too many spiders to count. They appeared to function as a society, just like ants or bees. Anelosimus eximius, the species Goldman met in the rainforest, is not the only kind of social spiders in the world, but it does construct the biggest webs. Some can reach more than 7.6m long and 1.5m wide. A web of that size could contain as many as 50,000 individual spiders. Anelosimus eximius was first discovered more than a century ago by a French scientist named Eugene Simon. More social spiders have been discovered since. One was found as recently as 2006. An Anelosimus eximius colony (群体) contains adult males and females as well as youngsters, but the majority of spiders on the web are females. Males account for only between 5% and 22% of any colony’s population. Social spiders work together to build, maintain and clean their webs. They work together to catch prey (猎物), and dine together when they trap a large feast. The females work together to care for the young in the colony. They feed their youngsters by vomiting (吐出) up food for them, just like mother birds. Why did these spiders become social? Researchers have discovered three ecological (生态的) elements that often lead to cooperative (合作的) living among spiders. Social spiders tend to feed on bigger prey, for one thing. Spiders living in places where it is difficult to hunt large or more profitable prey alone may eventually figure out that it is in their interest to work together. 1. What can we know about Anelosimus eximius from the text? A. Its latest branch was found in 2006. B. It was discovered by Jason G. Goldman. C. It has been in existence for less than a century. D. It builds bigger webs than other kinds of spiders. 2. Which of the following correctly shows the parts of an Anelosimus eximius colony? A. B. C. D. 3. What’s the main feature of social spiders? A. They live on big prey. B. They care for the young. C. They live and work together. D. They mainly exist in the rainforest. 4. The following paragraph would discuss ________. A. new threats to spiders’ colonies B. new research on spiders’ colonies C. more reasons for spiders’ cooperative living D. more species of social spiders in the world $$