2025年广东省中考英语阅读理解解题技巧导学案

中考英语阅读理解题型解题技巧导学案 Task 1:请同学们观察2022年中考A篇题目,判断他们属于阅读理解中的哪一种题型,写在题目旁边。 A篇 Imagine waking up to find a cup of coffee ready and floor swept. With smart devices(装置) controlled by AI, all housework can be done while you are asleep. Now your kids can try these devices at the small home, show in our community science center from August 1st to August 14th. Here in the center we have many fun activities. Children can also try our cleaning robot Little Q. It is a cute robot with a round head, two big eyes and two long legs. It’s like a big toy. Your children will love it. Opening Hours: 1:00 p.m.- 9:00 p.m, from Tuesday to Sunday, closed on Monday. Visitors: People of all ages are welcome. Children under 12 should come along with their parents. No pets are allowed. Food & Drinks: No outside food or drinks. Visitors can buy food and drinks in the center. Tickets: Please call 769520 to book a ticket. Kindly note that You CAN’T book a ticket on our website or through e-mail. And it is NOT possible to buy a ticket at our ticket office as it is closed. 51. What can the smart devices in Paragraph 1 do? _ A. Farming. B. Business. C. Housework. D. Schoolwork. 52. What does Little Q look like? _ 53. When can a visitor enter the science center? _ A. On Monday morning B. On Sunday morning. C. On Monday afternoon. D. On Sunday afternoon. 54. Who can be allowed to visit the center? _ A. A man with a cat. B. An 8-year-old boy alone. C. A man with his 3-year-old son. D. A girl with food from outside. 55. How can a visitor book a ticket? _ A. By making a phone call. B. By sending an e-mail. C. By visiting the website. D. By going to the ticket office 1. 细节理解题(Looking for details) 1. 划关键词:圈出疑问词,理清题干问什么; 划出题干/选项中的关键词,一般为实词,名动形副 (注意专有名词,否定词,人名,地名,时间,数字等) (2)细节理解 2. 定位语句:运用寻读策略,在原文定位切合关键词的语句,体现在原词,同义,近义,反义的转述,特别关注有中文释义的词 解题技巧: 3. 对比作答:对比原文语句和题干/选项 直接对比得出答案 运用逻辑思维进行比较和计算 3)细节理解提问方式: 1. 特殊疑问词提问:8W+2H what /which/who/whom/when/ where/why/whose/ how/how+adj/adv. 2. 陈述句挖空:直接找题干关键词定位 eg.What can the smart devices in Para 1 do?= The smart devices in Para 1 can do_. 3.是非判断:True or NOT true 抓每个选项关键词,定位原文作对比,排除错误选项 ①Which of the following is TRUE/ mentioned in the passage? ② Which of the following statements(说法) is NOT true/correct/mentioned? ③According to the passage, the following are …. EXCEPT...(选文章没提及的选项) ④What can we learn from the passage? 4. 逻辑排序 根据事件发生的先后顺序和句子间的逻辑关系,找出正确的顺序 ① What is the right order of .... ② Which of the orders is correct according to the passage? 5.图文转换:What does ... look like? 按文找图:关键词定位,根据句子描述找出相应图形 4)细节理解练习巩固:完成2022年中考A篇55题。 Task2: 请同学们观察2022中考B篇题目,判断他们属于阅读理解中的哪一种题型,写在题目旁边。 B篇 Jerry is a world-famous mountain climber. He has climbed many high mountains in the world. Starting in 2015, he and his friends spent two years on an adventure(探险)in South America, covering 7,800 miles. He was even named Adventure of the Year by a famous geography magazine in 2018. Although Jerry had achieved great success, he didn't feel fulfilled. He asked himself, “Is it enough to climb the highest mountains? Am I doing something helpful? How can I turn my adventures into something that can help the world?” Jerry learned that scientists need plans, rocks and water samples(样本) from the places far away to do research. But scientists can’t get there themselves as such places are hard to reach—only the bravest adventurers can make it. Jerry thought himself could do something to help. He then came up with an idea. He set up a team of top adventures to collect samples for scientists. By studying the samples, scientists could know more about the earth and find ways to protect it. Recently Jerry and his adventurer friends have discovered a special plant life of Mountain Qomolangma. The samples they brought back have helped scientists learn how plants live in extreme(极端的)conditions. For Jerry, this kind of adventure is most satisfying. “Such adventures had made us see life in a different way. Now, being the best climber isn’t important for me. What matters is doing something helpful while climbing the mountains. There is still much more we can do,” Jerry said to a newspaper. 56.What is paragraph 1 mainly about? _ A.Jerry’s friends. B. Jerry's achievements. C. High mountains. D. A geography magazine. 57.What does the underlined word “fulfilled” in Paragraph 2 mean? _ A.Satisfied. B. Lonely. C. Patient. D. Worried. 58.Why did Jerry set up a team of top adventures? _ A.To make friends. B. To help scientists. C. To study plants. D. To train scientists. 59.Jerry's and his friends' adventurers has changed_. _ A.their hobbies B. their friendship C.their understanding of life D. their living conditions 60.Which can be the best title for the passage? _ A.Dangerous Mountains Climbing B.Important Scientific Discoveries C.Plants Found on High Mountains D.Adventures Turned into Something Greater 2 主旨大意题(Finding out main ideas) 1)完成2022年B篇57题 主旨大意题包含文章主旨大意(2020.60)、最佳标题(2021/2022.60)、写作目的(2019.65)以及段落大意(2022.56新考法) 观首尾,定大意:重视首段、尾段和每一段的首句和尾句,利用信息词确定主题句 2)主旨大意 解题技巧: 划关键,归主旨:文章专有的人名,地名和时间;文章反复出现的名词,动词和形容词 3)主旨大意提问方式: 1. 提问主旨大意( the main idea/ mainly talk about/ the topic/theme ) ①文章主旨②段落大意 2. 提问文章标题( the best title/ headline) 3. 提问写作目的(the purpose) 4)主旨大意练习巩固:完成2022中考B篇60题: 3.词义猜测题(Guessing meanings) 1)完成2022年B篇57题 仔细阅读划线词前后句,寻找相关线索; 通过上下文猜测 根据线索,常识以及逻辑关系进行猜测,并选定答案。 2) 词义猜测 (逻辑关系:因果,条件,同反义,转折,释义说明等) 解题技巧 研究划线词的结构,找出词根,并理解词根的意思 通过构词法猜测 根据前缀,后缀的意思,结合词根进行猜测,并选定答案 3)词义猜测练习巩固: Jordan was born with a disability.But she says her difference doesn’t hold her back—it makes her amazing. When Jordan was having a new dance class at the age of 8, she noticed that some kids were staring at her.The kids were looking at her left arm.It stops above the elbow(肘部). Each year, about 2,000 babies in the United States are born with limb differences, like Jordan was.That means they are missing all or part of an arm or a leg.With only one hand, Jordan has a tough time doing certain activities like tying her shoes.She sometimes uses a prosthetic(假体)arm to help her ride her bike. ( )What does the underlined word “limb” in Paragraph 3 mean? A.Eyes or ears. B.Noses or mouths. C.Arms or legs. D.Hair or skin. 4.推理判断题(Inferring a conclusion) 1)阅读2022中考阅读理解B篇,完成59题 2)推理判断解题技巧 推理判断题含细节推断(2021.56;2022.59),文章出处(2021.55),目标读者(2019.60),观点态度等 抓取题干或选项的关键词,定位原文,根据上下文提供的信息, 结合语境 细节推断 经过思考、分析、归纳后进行推理推断,比较选项后确定答案,切忌主观臆断; 推理判断 排除对原文信息简单重复,无中生有,颠倒事实,张冠李戴,过度推理的选项。 解题技巧 文章出处 根据文章的话题内容,体裁和细节(网址,评论,广告)确定出处和目标读者; 目标读者 明确"谁对谁"的态度,关注首尾段/句,确定观点; 观点态度 锁定表达情感的动词,形容词,,副词或介词短语等,不掺杂个人看法; 3)推理判断提问方式 1. 事实细节推理 ①以陈述句挖空形式设问,如Jerry's and his friends' adventurers has changed _. 解题:抓题干关键词,定位后做推理判断 ② What can we infer/conclude from the passage that_. ③The passage/ author/ paragraph/ words suggest/implies... ②③类似判断题。解题:抓每个选项关键词,定位原文作对比,排除错误选项 2. 文章出处推理:The passage is probably/most likely to be from _. 3. 目标读者推理:The passage is written for _. 4. 观点态度推理:What's the author's/one's attitude/opinion toward.... What does the writer/ somebody think of ...? 选项:积极:positive(积极的), optimistic(乐观的),supportive(支持的),... 消极:negative(消极的), doubtful(怀疑的), uncertain(不确定的),opposed(反对的)... 中立:neutral(中立的),objective(客观的)... 支持/反对:support, agree, disagree... 4)推理判断练习巩固: Welcome to Manor Farm U-pick Activities We are known for our delicious strawberries.We invite you to visit the farm and enjoy our fresh products and great farming experiences.We’ll try our best to create a safe open-air environment for our customers under the circumstances (情况) of COVID-19.Please read the instructions below… ( )The instructions are most probably from . a farm owner B.a teacher C.a news reporter D.a customer Exercise:判断题型并完成练习 According to a research more than 130 billion pounds of on uneaten food go to waste in Laura’s country each year. That is about 30% of the yearly food supply ( 供 应 ). It is a sad fact, especially when you consider how many families and homeless people are in hunger. When Laura saw her school dining hall throw away food that was not eaten at all every day, she came up with an idea. She started a project to help her school dining hall to give away on uneaten food to homeless shelters ( 庇 护 所 ) in her community. In the past three years, the same project has spread to other schools and some fast food restaurants throughout the city. The project is called Feet & find, and has already fed thousands of people in her city. How does it work? Through an app, Feed & Find matches local homeless shelters with school dining halls and restaurants that have uneaten food to provide. When dining halls or restaurants have uneaten food left, they can use the app to share the Information about the food. A truck driver working for the project is then sent to pick it up and take it to a shelter. Pretty cool, right? It’s not surprising that people in other cities have got in touch with Laura, hoping that she could have develop similar projects for their communities. Some people, however, have concerns about the safety of the uneaten food. They think such food may not be clean enough. Still, this project is a clever way to help solve the problem of food waste and it helps those in need. 1. Where did Laura’s project first get food from ? _. 2. What do people in other cities want Laura to do? _. 3. The underlined words “concerns” in this passage means _. A. ways B. secret C. worries D. decisions 4. Which can be the best title for this passage? A. A Dining Guide App B. A Food Sharing Project C. A Driving Service APP D. A Food Safety Project. 5. What's the author's attitude toward the project created by Laura? A. Supportive B. doubtful C. neutral D.opposed 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$