精品解析：上海市敬业中学2024-2025学年高一下学期3月月考英语试卷

2024学年敬业中学 高一年级第二学期 3 月阶段检测 英语试卷 考试时间: 120 分钟 试卷满分: 150 分 I. Listening Comprehension Section A 10 % Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At a train station B. At a travel agency C. At a bus station D. At an airport 2. A. Receptionist and guest B. Teacher and student C. Boss and secretary D. Husband and wife 3. A. $5 B. $10 C. $15 D. $50 4. A. Confused B. Annoyed C. Embarrassed D. Bored 5. A. Planning to phone to friend B. Camping in the countryside C. Touring in a wonderful city D. Discussing a weekend plan 6. A. The woman will soon be a superstar B. The woman did not practice hard C. The woman should find a new partner D. The woman should not give up 7. A. To a dress-up party B. To the tailor’s C. To the theater D. To a shopping mall 8. A Youngsters don’t really know what fashion is B. Styles change more quickly than necessary C. People should care more about their appearance D. It’s not sensible to go after designer clothing 9. A. He will have an agent serve the woman B. The woman should buy an apartment C. He will talk to the woman in a moment D. The woman should pay the rent first 10. A. Keep working at the restaurant B. Wash dishes for her in the kitchen C. Stop delivering flowers every day D. Leave the present job to work for her Section B 15% Directions: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversations and short passages, and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversations and the passages. The conversations and the passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. The location B. The scenery C. The seafood D. The culture 12. A. Attract whales to the closer shore B. Tell people where to see whales C. Warn people to stay away from shore D. Go around to gather enough visitors 13. A. It is held every other year in summer B. It helps Whale Crier to show his talents C. It guarantees everyone to find something to enjoy D. It is one of the best eco-arts festivals in South Africa Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Weak bones B. Loose teeth C. Skin problems D. Heart diseases 15. A. Having food rich in vitamin B. Walking midday in the sun with no suncream C. Taking vitamin D pills every day D. Wearing darker coloured clothes and sunhats 16. A. To analyze the common causes of lack of vitamin D B. To encourage people to be exposed to the sun for vitamin D C. To emphasize the importance of vitamin D in one’s health D. To introduce some different ways to gain vitamin D Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. She wants to find a topic for her research B. She tries to help the man with his paper C. She hopes to learn how to write a paper D. She plans to work on a similar topic 18. A. In 1813 B. In 1826 C. In 1839 D. In 1856 19. A. They are mainly grown for the domestic market B. They were introduced to China from Australia C. They were the first plant to be planted in England D. They are kept warm in large plastic houses 20. A. Growth of domestic economy in Australia B. Export and import of bananas in Australia C. History of banana cultivation in Australia D. Role of agriculture in Australian economy Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary: 30 % Section A Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. 1. Bob called to tell his mother that he couldn’t enter the house, for he ________ his key at school. A. had left B. would leave C. was leaving D. has left 2. ________ at the photos, illustrations, title and headings and you can guess what the reading is about. A. To look B. Looking C. Having looked D. Look 3. Bob called to tell his mother that he couldn’t enter the house, for he ________ his key at school. A. had left B. would leave C. was leaving D. has left 4. The club, _ _ 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members. A founded B. founding C. being founded D. to be founded 5. "Genius" is a complicated concept, ________ many different factors. A. involved B. involving C. to involve D. being involved 6. Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues with her stories. A. amused B. amusing C. to amuse D. to be amused 7. With the government’s aid, those _____ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements. A affect B. affecting C. affected D. were affected 8. My sister, an inexperienced rider, was found sitting on the bicycle______to balance it. A. having tried B. trying C. to try D. tried 9. If a lot of people say a film is not good, I won’t bother to see it, or I’ll wait ______ it comes out on DVD. A. whether B. after C. though D. until 10. The map is one of the best tools a man has __ he goes to a new place． A. whenever B. whatever C. wherever D. however Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. decline B. invested C. scratching D. harvest E. farmers F. barely G. occurrence H. implementation I. unmarketable J. adjustments K. enemies Like many people acting on the desire to eat healthy and local, Acropolis resident Eduardo Jimenez decided to plant a garden in his backyard. He ploughed the soil, he planted the seeds, and he even set up a fence to keep out the deer. Eduardo did everything right. Or so it seems. However, when ___11___ time has come, he has not one tomato, bean, or leaf of lettuce to show for his hard work. How did this happen? The answer comes in the form of a small, brown, particularly smelly insect: the stink bug. Unlike their picky cousins, stink bugs feed on some 300 species of plants, including figs, blueberries, corn, and kiwi fruits as well as soybeans, peas, and weeds. Although they do little damage to the plant itself, they make the fruits and vegetables ___12___. For this reason, stink bugs pose the most serious threat to the big agriculturalists and macro farm operators. Macro farmers have more ___13___ in their produce, and therefore have more to lose. While hobbyists like Eduardo are left to face the disappointment of an unsuccessful garden, macro farmers are forced to live with the loss of entire tracts of cash crops — a fact that has left many ___14___ able to clothe their children or put food on the table. Last season alone, several New Jersey pepper farmers saw 75% of their crops damaged. Pennsylvania lost half of its peach population, and, according to the US Apple Association, apple farmers in the mid-Atlantic states lost $37 million. This year could be worse. As a result of this ___15___ in the supply of fresh fruits and vegetables, shoppers have seen ___16___ — sometimes quite dramatic — in prices at the grocery store. Prices of apples in Maryland are up 8%. In the north-Atlantic states, prices for peppers shot up an astonishing 14%. Not only are these items becoming more expensive, but they are also getting harder to find. Last week, Marge Jenkins of Athens, Georgia reported having to check three different stores before encountering a decent batch of peas. And this, she assures us, is a regular ___17___. Accidentally brought from Asia, the stink bug has no natural ___18___ in America, and thus its population is rising sharply. Reported sightings of stink bugs are becoming increasingly numerous, as the dried, brown, trapezoidal (不规则四边形) shells of the dead bugs are everywhere in some areas. This has farmers and scientists alike ___19___ their heads in search of a remedy. Hope, they believe, may lie with an Asian parasitic wasp (黄蜂), which helpfully lays its eggs inside stink bug eggs. The larvae (幼虫) of the wasp consume the stink bug from the inside. But the ____20____ of such a solution is still several years away, as scientists must first determine if it is safe for the wasp to be introduced into America. Until then, some farmers are resorting to homemade traps. Others have even contemplated the use of peacocks and praying mantises, which, they imagine, will gulp down the little stinkers. III. Reading Comprehension Section A 20 % Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrased marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. (A) The concept of building brand personality is promoted by Star bucks as a part of company culture to embed meaning in their products and thus attract more customers. Star bucks literally changed the definition of “a good cup of coffee”. For Star bucks, the brand had three elements: coffee, ___21___ and store. Strict control over the quality and processing of the beans ___22___ that the coffee would be of the highest possible quality. Outstanding store personnel were employed and trained in coffee knowledge and customer service. Store design, atmosphere and aroma (浓香) all ___23___ the “Starbucks Experience” . Almost all Starbucks store were corporately owned and controlled. Star bucks prided itself on the “Star bucks Experience”, ___24___ coffee to provide a unique experience for its customers. ___25___ those traditional coffee houses providing you with the grab-and-go service, Starbucks provide you with more than coffee. You get great people, first-rate music, a comfortable and upbeat meeting place, and reasonable advice on brewing excellent coffee at home. The green Starbucks logo is a mermaid that looks like the end of the double image of the sea. It was designed by terra Heckler who got the ___26___ from the wooden statue of the sea. Mermaid logo also ___27___ original and modern meanings: her face is very simple, but with modern abstract forms of packaging; the middle is black and white, the only color on the outside surrounded by a circle. Starbucks makes the typical American culture gradually broken down into elements of ___28___ the visual warmth, hearing the way, smelling the aroma of coffee and so on. Just think, through the huge glass windows, watching the crowded streets, ___29___ sipping a coffee flavor, which is in line with the “Yapi”, the feeling of experience in the busy life. But the ____30____ of Star bucks is not about the coffee, although it’s great coffee. Coffee is only a carrier. Coffee consumption, to a great extent, is an emotional and cultural level of consumption. 21. A. people B. managers C. customers D. clients 22. A. assisted B. promised C. ensured D. predicted 23. A. consisted of B. benefited from C. contributed to D. headed for 24. A. going beyond B. coming across C. making up D. depending on 25. A. With regard to B. In addition to C. Compared with D. In terms of 26. A. imagination B. inspiration C. patent D. philosophy 27. A. create B. cultivate C. credits D. convey 28. A. brand B. logo C. possession D. experience 29. A. greedily B. gently C. persistently D. indifferently 30. A. product B. vision C. essence D. importance (B) Are your table manners much better when you are eating at a friend’s home or in a restaurant than they are at your own home? Probably so, ___31___ you are aware that people judge you by your table manners. You take special pains when you are eating ___32___. Have you ever stopped to realize how much less self-conscious you would be on such occasions if ___33___ table manners had become a habit for you? You can make them a habit by ___34___ good table manners at home. Good manners at meal times help you and those around you to feel ___35___ . This is true at home as much as it is true in someone else's home or in a restaurant. Good ___36___ make meals more enjoyable for everyone at the table. By this time you probably know quite well what good table manners are. You ___37___ that keeping your arms on the table, talking with your ___38___ full, and wolfing down your food are not considered good manners. You know also that if you are mannerly, you say “Please” and “Thank you” and ask for things to be passed to you. Have you ever thought of a pleasant attitude being ___39___ to good table manners? Not only are pleasant meal times enjoyable, but they aid digestion. The dinner table is a ____40____ for enjoyable conversation. It should never become a battle ground. You are definitely growing in social maturity when you try to be an agreeable table companion. 31. A. because B. but C. unless D. though 32. A. in public B. at home C. at ease D. in a hurry 33. A. such B. no C. some D. good 34. A. acting B. enjoying C. practising D. watching 35. A. comfortable B. stressed C. depressed D. outstanding 36. A. dishes B. manners C. atmospheres D. friends 37. A. mention B. prefer C. doubt D. realize 38. A. stomach B. hands C. mouth D. bowl 39. A. essential B. considerate C. obvious D. unusual 40. A. time B. place C. chance D. way Section B 26% Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) One way people are responding to food safety concerns is by growing their own food. However, not everyone lives on property with enough space for a private plot. One solution is community gardens, which have become popular worldwide, numbering 18,000 in North America alone. In addition to providing low-cost, delicious food, these public spaces offer cities a range of other benefits. Community gardens are located in a town or city and tended by local residents. Often, the land is on a vacant lot owned by the city. The site is divided into manageable plots, which may be tended by individuals or by the garden's members collectively. Since the land is usually publicly owned, the cost for gardeners to lease it is minimal. In fact, New York City, which is home to more than 750 community gardens tended by more than 20,000 members, charges people just $1 a year to lease a plot. Other costs involve soil, tools, seeds, fencing, and so on. However, because they're shared by many people, individual gardeners pay very little. A community garden can quickly pay off, in terms of delicious fruits and vegetables, in addition to beautiful flowers. Excess produce can be sold for a profit at farmers markets. But a garden's benefits don't stop there. They also beautify cities, foster strong relationships among residents, and lower an area's crime rate. Award-winning spaces like London's Culpeper Community Garden even attract tourists. Beautiful and affordable, community gardens are often described as oases in crowded cities. 41. Community gardens are designed for those who ______. A. are concerned about food safety. B. live in a house with a private plot. C. can’t afford to buy organic food. D. don’t have their own property. 42. New York City ______. A. is owned by 20,000 individual gardeners. B. charges residents a lot to lease tools and fencing. C. contains more than 750 community gardens. D. is tended by professional gardeners and local residents. 43. What’s the benefit of community gardens? A. People can enjoy safe and delicious vegetables and animal meat. B. Residents are more familiar and related with each other. C. The neighborhood is becoming safer but of lower taste. D. People can make some profits from the visiting tourists. 44. The underlined word “oases” is closest in meaning to ______. A. cultural and art centers. B. popular platforms for exchanges. C. peaceful and safe lands. D. commercial and prosperous places. (B) Where to Drink Cafe San Bernardo Join table-tennis and pool-playing port. Cafe San Bernardo has been running since 1912. The Villa Crespo dive bar also offers up table football for￡4 an hour. Service is efficient; with last orders at 5 am. The daily happy hour between 6 pm and 9 pm includes 60 minutes playing your game of choice, plus a half-bottle of red wine and a corn pie, for￡9. ●Avenue Corrientes 5436, Villa Crespo, 5411 4855 3956, cafesanbernardo. com M Salumeria & Enoteca Trading only in wine with a story, sommelier Mariana Torta chooses new ways on a daily basis, and keeps a list of around 250 labels. There's no wine menu—simply take your bottle from the shelf. ●Open 11:00am-11:30pm, El Salvador 5777, Palermo Hollywood, 5411 4778 9016, on Facebook Negro Cueva de Cafe Coffee has found its place in Buenos Aires. While LAB: Tostadores, The Shelter and Coffee Town are famous new places, Negro Cueva de Cafe is one of the best downtown. It serves Ecuadorian, Colombian and Brazilian beans and its attracting cakes include croissant. ●Open 9:30 am—7:00 pm, Suipacha 637, Microcentro, 5411 4322 3000, negrocuevade-cafe. com La Calle Head to the Niceto Vega address and you'll be faced with a pizza. Don't worry, it’s the right place. La Guitarrita is the front to “hidden” bar La Calle. Order the house cocktail, special candy, and prepare to sing until dawn with a high-energy young crowd. ●Open 8:00 pm—2:00 am, Niceto Vega 4942, Palermo Soho, 5411 3914 1972, on Facebook 45. Which number should you call if you are an addict of Columbian coffee flavour? A. 5411 4855 3956. B. 5411 4778 9016. C. 5411 4322 3000. D. 5411 3914 1972. 46. What makes La Calle different? A. Its allowing you to play games. B. Its having no wine menu. C. Its opening for the longest time. D. Its having special candy. 47. The author's purpose in writing the passage is ________. A. to show wine culture. B. to introduce some wine bars. C. to help people choose drinks. D. to show how to enjoy yourself. (C) Families should reduce exposure to synthetic chemicals found in food colorings, preservatives and packaging materials as a growing body of research shows they may harm children's health, according to a policy statement and technical report from the American Academy of Pediatrics released online. The statement also suggests improvements to the food additives regulatory system, including updating the scientific foundation of the U. S. Food and Drug Administration safety assessment program and retesting all previously approved chemicals. Q&A with the lead author We asked Leonardo Trasande, Council on Environmental Health member and lead author of the policy statement, to tell us more about these concerns. Q: What are the growing number of studies showing us? A: Over the past two decades, an accumulating body of science suggests some food additives can interfere with a child's hormones, growth and development. Potentially harmful effects of food additives are of special concern for children because they are more sensitive to chemical exposures because they eat and drink more, relative to body weight, than adults do and are still growing and developing. An early injury to their organ systems can have lifelong and permanent consequences. Q: What additives does the statement highlight? A: The additives of most concern, based on rising research evidence cited in the report, include: Bisphenols, such as BPA, used to harden plastic containers and line metal cans, can act like estrogen in the body which may potentially change the timing of puberty, decrease, fertility, increase body fat and affect the nervous and immune systems. BPA is now banned in baby bottles. Phthalates, which make plastic and vinyl tubes used in industrial food production flexible, may affect male genital development, increase childhood obesity and contribute to cardiovascular disease. In 2017, the Consumer Product Safety Commission banned the use or some phthalates in child-care products such as teething rings. 48. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics' report, people should _______to cope with the problem of food additives. A. reduce the usage of food additives and establish new food protection system B. update the food safety assessment program and check the approved chemicals again C. improve the food additives regulatory system and retest all approved chemicals D. try to avoid food additives in daily life and revise relevant rules on food additives 49. Leonardo Trasande holds he view that food additives do more harm to children than adults because study shows ________. A. children are more sensitive to what they eat and drink than adults B. children usually eat and drink more unhealthy food than adults C. children are just too young and weak to protect themselves D. children's organs are easier to be damaged and hard to recover 50. How many specific kinds of harmful effect caused by the additives are mentioned in the passage? A 2. B. 7. C. 8. D. 1. (D) A busy brain can mean a hungry body We often seek food after focused mental activity, like preparing for an exam. Researchers think that heavy bouts of thinking drain energy from the brain, whose capacity to store fuel is very limited. So the brain, sensing that it may soon require more calories to keep going, apparently stimulates bodily hunger, and even though there has been little in the way of physical movement bodily hunger, and even though there has been little in the way of physical movement or calorie consumption, we eat this process may partly account for the weight gain so commonly seen in college students. Scientists at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and another institution recently experimented with exercise to counter such immoderately post-study food consumption. Gary Hunter, an exercise physiologist at U.A.B, oversaw the study Hunter notes that tough activity both increases the amount of blood sugar and lactate (乳酸盐)—a byproduct of intense muscle contractions (收缩) — circulating in the blood and increases blood flow to the head. Because the brain uses sugar and lactate as fuel, researchers wondered if the increased flow of fuel-rich blood during exercise could feed an exhausted brain and reduce the urge to overeat. Thirty-eight healthy college students were invited to U. A. B.’s exercise lab to report what their favorite pizza was. At a later date, the volunteers returned and spent 20 minutes dealing with selections from college and graduate-school entrance exams. Next, half the students sat quietly for 15 minutes, before being given pizza The rest of the volunteers spent those 15 minutes doing intervals on a treadmill: two minutes of hard running followed by about one minute of walking, repeated five times. Hunter says, that should stimulate the release of sugar and lactate into the bloodstream. These students were then allowed to gorge on pizza, too But by and large, they did not overeat. In fact, the non-exercisers, however, consumed about 100 calories more. The study has limitations, of course We only looked at lunch Hunter says;the researchers do not know if the runners consumed extra calories at dinner. They also cannot tell whether other types of exercise would have the same effect as running, although Hunter says they suspect that if an activity causes someone to break into a sweat, it should also increase blood sugar and lactate, feeding the brain and weakening hunger’s call. 51. According to the passage, ______ may cause many college students to overeat and gain weight. A. a lot of energy-consuming mental activities B. numerous physical movements or calorie burning C. failure to resist the temptation of delicious food D. bodily hunger caused by physical growth 52. The underlined word “counter” is closest in meaning to ______ A. stimulate B. maximize C. balance D. prevent 53. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Running is more beneficial than walking. B. Sweating in exercise can make people hungrier. C. The amount of blood sugar and lactate can affect people’s appetite. D. When the brain feels exhausted, people tend to do exercise for relaxation. 第Ⅱ卷 V. Fill in each blank with a word or a phrase from the box in its proper form. Each can be used only once. Note that there is one more than you need. 9 % Fill in each blank with a word or a phrase from the box in its proper form. Each can be used only once. Note that there is one more than you need. take… by surprise, associate… with, deal with, point out, inform… about, on a large scale, turn out 54. This army joined in the battle unexpectedly, so the enemy ______ and suffered a great loss. 55. Although this problem caused much trouble, she______ it in an adult way. 56. The judge was very harsh ______all the words the young girl had wrongly spelled. 57. Mr Li, have you finished marking my paper? I wonder when I ______my score for this test. 58. The basic process of changing seawater to drinking water is ancient, but doing this ______ is difficult and expensive. 59. King cake ______ religion is a must for many French families when they celebrate the New Year. VI. Translation 20 %(5’*4) 60. 敬业学子都有机会参与这些旨在提升跨文化沟通能力的活动。 (access) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 61. 作为高中生，我们逐渐学会了如何适应自主学习并应对起起伏伏。 (adjust) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 62. 这些我们耳熟能详的歌曲会代代相传，并成为一种应对思乡之情的方式。(familiar) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 63. 了解传统美食的烹饪方式之后, 我感受到了其中的文化价值，对祖国的历史也越发认同。 (identify)(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ II. Guided Writing 25 % 64. Directions: Write an English passage in 120 to 150 words according to the requirement given below in Chinese. 由于流感影响，德国姐妹学校师生将推迟来我校交流访问的时间，但他们希望能提前了解中华饮食文化，以避免在中国就餐时遇到文化冲击。请就此给他们写一封信，信中应包括： ●对于中华美食文化的简要介绍； ●外国人在中国就餐时可能遇到的文化冲击。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024学年敬业中学 高一年级第二学期 3 月阶段检测 英语试卷 考试时间: 120 分钟 试卷满分: 150 分 I. Listening Comprehension Section A 10 % Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At a train station B. At a travel agency C. At a bus station D. At an airport 2. A. Receptionist and guest B. Teacher and student C. Boss and secretary D. Husband and wife 3. A. $5 B. $10 C. $15 D. $50 4. A. Confused B. Annoyed C. Embarrassed D. Bored 5. A. Planning to phone to friend B. Camping in the countryside C. Touring in a wonderful city D. Discussing a weekend plan 6. A. The woman will soon be a superstar B. The woman did not practice hard C. The woman should find a new partner D. The woman should not give up 7. A. To a dress-up party B. To the tailor’s C. To the theater D. To a shopping mall 8. A Youngsters don’t really know what fashion is B. Styles change more quickly than necessary C. People should care more about their appearance D. It’s not sensible to go after designer clothing 9. A. He will have an agent serve the woman B. The woman should buy an apartment C. He will talk to the woman in a moment D. The woman should pay the rent first 10. A. Keep working at the restaurant B. Wash dishes for her in the kitchen C. Stop delivering flowers every day D. Leave the present job to work for her Section B 15% Directions: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversations and short passages, and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversations and the passages. The conversations and the passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. The location B. The scenery C. The seafood D. The culture 12. A. Attract whales to the closer shore B. Tell people where to see whales C. Warn people to stay away from shore D. Go around to gather enough visitors 13. A. It is held every other year in summer B. It helps Whale Crier to show his talents C. It guarantees everyone to find something to enjoy D. It is one of the best eco-arts festivals in South Africa Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Weak bones B. Loose teeth C. Skin problems D. Heart diseases 15. A. Having food rich in vitamin B. Walking midday in the sun with no suncream C. Taking vitamin D pills every day D. Wearing darker coloured clothes and sunhats 16. A. To analyze the common causes of lack of vitamin D B. To encourage people to be exposed to the sun for vitamin D C. To emphasize the importance of vitamin D in one’s health D. To introduce some different ways to gain vitamin D Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. She wants to find a topic for her research B. She tries to help the man with his paper C. She hopes to learn how to write a paper D. She plans to work on a similar topic 18. A. In 1813 B. In 1826 C. In 1839 D. In 1856 19. A. They are mainly grown for the domestic market B. They were introduced to China from Australia C. They were the first plant to be planted in England D. They are kept warm in large plastic houses 20. A. Growth of domestic economy in Australia B. Export and import of bananas in Australia C. History of banana cultivation in Australia D. Role of agriculture in Australian economy Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary: 30 % Section A Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. 1. Bob called to tell his mother that he couldn’t enter the house, for he ________ his key at school. A. had left B. would leave C. was leaving D. has left 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：Bob打电话给他的妈妈，告诉她说他进不了房门，因为他把他的钥匙忘在学校了。根据句意可知，把钥匙忘在学校（leave）的动作发生在打电话（called）之前，called 是过去时，那么忘记钥匙在学校（leave）就是发生在过去的过去，即过去完成时，故选A项。 2. ________ at the photos, illustrations, title and headings and you can guess what the reading is about. A. To look B. Looking C. Having looked D. Look 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查祈使句。句意：通过看图片、插图、题目和标题，你可以猜出文章的内容。根据and 可知，该句考查的是“祈使句 +and +陈述句”的句型，and前后为两个并且的句子。故选D。 3. Bob called to tell his mother that he couldn’t enter the house, for he ________ his key at school. A. had left B. would leave C. was leaving D. has left 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：Bob打电话给他的妈妈，告诉她说他进不了房门，因为他把他的钥匙忘在学校了。根据句意可知，把钥匙忘在学校（leave）的动作发生在打电话（called）之前，called 是过去时，那么忘记钥匙在学校（leave）就是发生在过去的过去，即过去完成时，故选A项。 4. The club, _ _ 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members. A. founded B. founding C. being founded D. to be founded 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那个建于二十五年前的俱乐部正在为新老会员举行晚会。club与found是动宾关系，即俱乐部被修建，应该用过去分词表被动和完成，排除B；C项表示正在被建，D项表示将要被建，根据句意可知，俱乐部建于25年前，排除C、D，故选A。 5. "Genius" is a complicated concept, ________ many different factors. A. involved B. involving C. to involve D. being involved 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：“天才”是一个复杂的概念，涉及到许多不同的因素。空格处是定语。是这个概念的内容本身包含，用现在分词做定语，所以排除 A 和 D，而这个概念现在本身就包含，所以排除表示将来的C。故选B。 6. Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues with her stories. A. amused B. amusing C. to amuse D. to be amused 【答案】A 【解析】 分析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Lucy非常幽默，总是能用她讲的故事逗她的同事们开心。这里考查keep的复合结构（keep+宾语+宾补），keep的复合结构中不能用不定式做宾补，所以先排除C、D；然后再根据"keep her colleagues______with her stories"Lucy总是能用她讲的故事逗她的同事们开心可知，宾语her colleagues与amuse之间是动宾关系，也就是被动关系，所以用过去分词amused，表示被动，故选A。 7. With the government’s aid, those _____ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements. A. affect B. affecting C. affected D. were affected 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在政府的紧急救援下，那些受到地震影响的灾区民众已经转移到新的居民区。首先是“被影响”所以排除AB。With the government’s aid是状语，_____ by the earthquake是后置定语修饰句子主语those，句子的真正谓语动词是have，所以排除D，所以答案是C。 8. My sister, an inexperienced rider, was found sitting on the bicycle______to balance it. A. having tried B. trying C. to try D. tried 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意是：有人看见骑车很不熟练的我姐姐正坐在自行车上尽力的想保持平衡。分析句子可知，try做宾语补足语，根据句意可知，表示正在进行的动作用现在分词作宾语补足语，故选B。 9. If a lot of people say a film is not good, I won’t bother to see it, or I’ll wait ______ it comes out on DVD. A. whether B. after C. though D. until 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：如果很多人说一部电影不好，我就不会去看了，或者我会等到它的DVD出来。A. whether是否；B. after在……之后；C. though虽然；D. until到……为止，直到。引导时间状语从句，表示“到……为止”用until。故选D。 10. The map is one of the best tools a man has __ he goes to a new place． A. whenever B. whatever C. wherever D. however 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论何时他去一个新地方，这幅地图都是他最好的工具。A. whenever无论何时（在句中作时间状语）；B. whatever无论什么（在句中作主语）；C. wherever无论什么地方（在句中作地点状语）；D. however无论如何（在句中作方式状语）。由句意可知，本句缺乏时间状语，用whenever。故A正确。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. decline B. invested C. scratching D. harvest E. farmers F. barely G. occurrence H. implementation I. unmarketable J. adjustments K. enemies Like many people acting on the desire to eat healthy and local, Acropolis resident Eduardo Jimenez decided to plant a garden in his backyard. He ploughed the soil, he planted the seeds, and he even set up a fence to keep out the deer. Eduardo did everything right. Or so it seems. However, when ___11___ time has come, he has not one tomato, bean, or leaf of lettuce to show for his hard work. How did this happen? The answer comes in the form of a small, brown, particularly smelly insect: the stink bug. Unlike their picky cousins, stink bugs feed on some 300 species of plants, including figs, blueberries, corn, and kiwi fruits as well as soybeans, peas, and weeds. Although they do little damage to the plant itself, they make the fruits and vegetables ___12___. For this reason, stink bugs pose the most serious threat to the big agriculturalists and macro farm operators. Macro farmers have more ___13___ in their produce, and therefore have more to lose. While hobbyists like Eduardo are left to face the disappointment of an unsuccessful garden, macro farmers are forced to live with the loss of entire tracts of cash crops — a fact that has left many ___14___ able to clothe their children or put food on the table. Last season alone, several New Jersey pepper farmers saw 75% of their crops damaged. Pennsylvania lost half of its peach population, and, according to the US Apple Association, apple farmers in the mid-Atlantic states lost $37 million. This year could be worse. As a result of this ___15___ in the supply of fresh fruits and vegetables, shoppers have seen ___16___ — sometimes quite dramatic — in prices at the grocery store. Prices of apples in Maryland are up 8%. In the north-Atlantic states, prices for peppers shot up an astonishing 14%. Not only are these items becoming more expensive, but they are also getting harder to find. Last week, Marge Jenkins of Athens, Georgia reported having to check three different stores before encountering a decent batch of peas. And this, she assures us, is a regular ___17___. Accidentally brought from Asia, the stink bug has no natural ___18___ in America, and thus its population is rising sharply. Reported sightings of stink bugs are becoming increasingly numerous, as the dried, brown, trapezoidal (不规则四边形) shells of the dead bugs are everywhere in some areas. This has farmers and scientists alike ___19___ their heads in search of a remedy. Hope, they believe, may lie with an Asian parasitic wasp (黄蜂), which helpfully lays its eggs inside stink bug eggs. The larvae (幼虫) of the wasp consume the stink bug from the inside. But the ____20____ of such a solution is still several years away, as scientists must first determine if it is safe for the wasp to be introduced into America. Until then, some farmers are resorting to homemade traps. Others have even contemplated the use of peacocks and praying mantises, which, they imagine, will gulp down the little stinkers. 【答案】11. D 12. I 13. B 14. F 15. A 16. J 17. G 18. K 19. C 20. H 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍由于椿象在美洲没有天敌，因此在当地泛滥，严重影响水果和蔬菜的生产，因此科学家准备引入黄蜂来消灭椿象，但是首先要确保引入黄蜂是安全的。 【11题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而，当收获季节来临的时候，他没有收获一个土豆、 豆子抑或是一片生菜。结合句意，此处用名词harvest“收获”修饰time，作定语，表示收获季节没有收获到庄稼。故选D。 【12题详解】 考查形容词。句意：尽管椿象对植物本身没有什么害处,但是会让水果和蔬菜不好卖。本句为make的用法：make sth.+形容词，Although引导让步状语从句， unmarketable“滞销的”作宾语补足语，符合句意。故选I。 【13题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：大农场主在农产品方面投资得更多,也就损失得越多。由下文“therefore have more to lose”结合本句为have sth. done“使某事被做”,故用过去分词invested“投资”作宾语补足语，符合语境。故选B。 【14题详解】 考查副词。句意：像爱德华多这样的业余爱好者只能面对菜园失败的失望，而大农场主则被迫忍受大片经济作物的损失——一个事实就是让很多孩子不能穿上好衣服,或者吃上好东西。根据前文“macro farmers are forced to live with the loss of entire tracts of cash crops”可知，本句讲述椿象对大农场主的影响更为严重，修饰形容词able用副词,故用barely“几乎不”作状语，符合语境。故选F。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：由于新鲜蔬菜和水果的供应下降,购物者会看到杂货店里价格的调整,有时候这种调整很厉害。本句讲述大农场遭受椿象的影响，故用名词decline“下降” 作介词of的宾语。故选A。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：由于新鲜蔬菜和水果的供应下降,购物者会看到杂货店里价格的调整,有时候相当惊人。由下文“sometimes quite dramatic—in prices at the grocery store”并结合语境，此处讲述蔬菜和水果价格的调整，故用名词adjustments“调整”作宾语。故选J。 【17题详解】 考查名词。句意：这种情况,她向我们确定,定期都会出现。根据前一句“Last week, Marge Jenkins of Athens, Georgia reported having to check three different stores before encountering a decent batch of peas.(上周，乔治亚州雅典市的玛吉·詹金斯报告说，在遇到一批像样的豌豆之前，她必须检查三家不同的商店)”可知，找了三家不同店才找到一袋豌豆，这种情况经常会发生，在系动词is后用名词occurrence“发生”作表语。故选G。 【18题详解】 考查名词。句意：不小心从亚洲引入,椿象在美洲就没有自然天敌，因此，它的数量正在急剧上升。本句解释椿象在美洲泛滥的原因，因为没有天敌，名词enemies“敌人”作宾语，符合语境。故选K。 【19题详解】 考查动词。句意：像农民和科学家都在努力寻找弥补措施。本句用短语scratch one’s head“苦思冥想”，have sb. doing意为“让某人一直干某事”，故用现在分词scratching作宾语补足语。故选C。 【20题详解】 考查名词。句意：真正实施这类解决办法还有几年的时间,因为科学家首先要弄清楚引入黄蜂是否对美洲安全。根据下文“is still several years away”可知，办法的实施还需要几年时间，结合“the+名词+of”，可知用名词implementation“实施”作主语，符合语境。故选H。 III. Reading Comprehension Section A 20 % Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrased marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. (A) The concept of building brand personality is promoted by Star bucks as a part of company culture to embed meaning in their products and thus attract more customers. Star bucks literally changed the definition of “a good cup of coffee”. For Star bucks, the brand had three elements: coffee, ___21___ and store. Strict control over the quality and processing of the beans ___22___ that the coffee would be of the highest possible quality. Outstanding store personnel were employed and trained in coffee knowledge and customer service. Store design, atmosphere and aroma (浓香) all ___23___ the “Starbucks Experience” . Almost all Starbucks store were corporately owned and controlled. Star bucks prided itself on the “Star bucks Experience”, ___24___ coffee to provide a unique experience for its customers. ___25___ those traditional coffee houses providing you with the grab-and-go service, Starbucks provide you with more than coffee. You get great people, first-rate music, a comfortable and upbeat meeting place, and reasonable advice on brewing excellent coffee at home. The green Starbucks logo is a mermaid that looks like the end of the double image of the sea. It was designed by terra Heckler, who got the ___26___ from the wooden statue of the sea. Mermaid logo also ___27___ original and modern meanings: her face is very simple, but with modern abstract forms of packaging; the middle is black and white, the only color on the outside surrounded by a circle. Starbucks makes the typical American culture gradually broken down into elements of ___28___ the visual warmth, hearing the way, smelling the aroma of coffee and so on. Just think, through the huge glass windows, watching the crowded streets, ___29___ sipping a coffee flavor, which is in line with the “Yapi”, the feeling of experience in the busy life. But the ____30____ of Star bucks is not about the coffee, although it’s great coffee. Coffee is only a carrier. Coffee consumption, to a great extent, is an emotional and cultural level of consumption. 21. A. people B. managers C. customers D. clients 22. A. assisted B. promised C. ensured D. predicted 23. A. consisted of B. benefited from C. contributed to D. headed for 24. A. going beyond B. coming across C. making up D. depending on 25. A. With regard to B. In addition to C. Compared with D. In terms of 26. A. imagination B. inspiration C. patent D. philosophy 27. A. create B. cultivate C. credits D. convey 28. A. brand B. logo C. possession D. experience 29. A. greedily B. gently C. persistently D. indifferently 30. A. product B. vision C. essence D. importance 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. B 30. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了星巴克品牌个性的塑造，包括其对咖啡品质的控制、店员培训、店铺设计以及品牌所传达的独特体验。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于星巴克来说，品牌有三个要素：咖啡、人和店铺。A. people人；B. managers经理；C. customers顾客；D. clients客户。根据后文“Outstanding store personnel were employed and trained in coffee knowledge and customer service.”可知，星巴克品牌包括人(店员)这一要素。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对咖啡豆的质量和加工过程的严格控制确保了咖啡具有尽可能高的品质。A. assisted协助；B. promised承诺；C. ensured确保；D. predicted预测。根据前文“Strict control over the quality and processing of the beans”和后文“that the coffee would be of the highest possible quality”可知，对咖啡豆质量和加工过程的严格控制是为了确保品质。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：店铺的设计、氛围和浓香都有助于“星巴克体验”。A. consisted of由……组成；B. benefited from受益于；C. contributed to有助于；D. headed for朝……前进。根据前文“Store design, atmosphere and aroma (浓香) all”和后文“the ‘Starbucks Experience’”可推知，店铺的设计、氛围和浓香都有助于营造“星巴克体验”。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：星巴克以“星巴克体验”为傲，它超越了咖啡本身，为顾客提供了独特的体验。A. going beyond超越；B. coming across偶遇；C. making up组成；D. depending on依赖。根据后文“provide a unique experience for its customers”和“Starbucks provide you with more than coffee.”可知，星巴克提供的不仅仅是咖啡，还有超越咖啡本身的独特体验。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：与那些提供即拿即走服务的传统咖啡店相比，星巴克提供的不仅仅是咖啡。A. With regard to关于；B. In addition to除……之外；C. Compared with与……相比；D. In terms of就……而言。根据后文“those traditional coffee houses providing you with the grab-and-go service, Starbucks provide you with more than coffee”可知，此处是将星巴克与传统咖啡店进行比较。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它是由Terry Heckler设计的，他从海边的木雕中获得了灵感。A. imagination想象力；B. inspiration灵感；C. patent专利；D. philosophy哲学。根据前文“The green Starbucks logo is a mermaid that looks like the end of the double image of the sea.”和后文“from the wooden statue of the sea”可知，星巴克标识是从海边的木雕中获得的设计灵感。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：美人鱼标识还传达了原始和现代的意义：她的脸非常简单，但采用了现代抽象的包装形式；中间是黑白的，唯一的颜色在外面，被一圈包围着。A. create创造；B. cultivate培养；C. credits归功于；D. convey传达。根据后文“original and modern meanings”可知，美人鱼标志传达了原始和现代的意义。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：星巴克将典型的美国文化逐渐分解成体验的元素，包括视觉上的温暖、听觉上的享受、咖啡的香气等等。A. brand品牌；B. logo标志；C. possession财产；D. experience体验。根据后文“the visual warmth, hearing the way, smelling the aroma of coffee and so on”可知，这些都是星巴克为顾客提供的体验元素。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：试想，透过巨大的玻璃窗，看着拥挤的街道，轻轻地啜饮着一杯咖啡，这与在忙碌生活中体验到的“Yapi”感觉相契合。A. greedily贪婪地；B. gently轻轻地；C. persistently坚持地；D. indifferently冷漠地。根据后文“sipping a coffee flavor”可知，此处指轻轻地啜饮咖啡。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但星巴克的本质不在于咖啡，尽管它的咖啡很棒。A. product产品；B. vision视力，愿景；C. essence本质；D. importance重要性。根据后文“Coffee is only a carrier. Coffee consumption, to a great extent, is an emotional and cultural level of consumption.”可知，咖啡只是星巴克的一个载体，其本质不在于咖啡，而在于情感和文化层面的消费。故选C项。 (B) Are your table manners much better when you are eating at a friend’s home or in a restaurant than they are at your own home? Probably so, ___31___ you are aware that people judge you by your table manners. You take special pains when you are eating ___32___. Have you ever stopped to realize how much less self-conscious you would be on such occasions if ___33___ table manners had become a habit for you? You can make them a habit by ___34___ good table manners at home. Good manners at meal times help you and those around you to feel ___35___ . This is true at home as much as it is true in someone else's home or in a restaurant. Good ___36___ make meals more enjoyable for everyone at the table. By this time you probably know quite well what good table manners are. You ___37___ that keeping your arms on the table, talking with your ___38___ full, and wolfing down your food are not considered good manners. You know also that if you are mannerly, you say “Please” and “Thank you” and ask for things to be passed to you. Have you ever thought of a pleasant attitude being ___39___ to good table manners? Not only are pleasant meal times enjoyable, but they aid digestion. The dinner table is a ____40____ for enjoyable conversation. It should never become a battle ground. You are definitely growing in social maturity when you try to be an agreeable table companion. 31. A. because B. but C. unless D. though 32. A. in public B. at home C. at ease D. in a hurry 33. A. such B. no C. some D. good 34. A. acting B. enjoying C. practising D. watching 35. A. comfortable B. stressed C. depressed D. outstanding 36. A. dishes B. manners C. atmospheres D. friends 37. A. mention B. prefer C. doubt D. realize 38. A. stomach B. hands C. mouth D. bowl 39. A. essential B. considerate C. obvious D. unusual 40. A. time B. place C. chance D. way 【答案】31. A 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. A 36. B 37. D 38. C 39. A 40. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在不同场合下餐桌礼仪重要性，以及如何通过练习使良好的餐桌礼仪成为习惯，从而提升社交成熟度。 【31题详解】 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：可能是因为你知道人们会根据你的餐桌礼仪来评判你。A. because因为；B. but但是；C. unless除非；D. though尽管。前后句子为因果关系，用连接词because，故选A。 【32题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：在公共场合吃饭时，你会特别小心。A. in public在公共场合；B. at home在家；C. at ease自在；D. in a hurry匆忙。根据上文“You take special pains”以及常识可知，人们在公共场合很是注意餐桌礼仪。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你有没有停下来想过，如果良好的餐桌礼仪已经成为你的习惯，你在这种场合下会少多少自我意识？A. such这样的；B. no没有；C. some一些；D. good好的。根据上文“less self-conscious”以及“Good”可知，在假设良好的餐桌礼仪已经成为你的习惯。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可以通过在家练习良好的餐桌礼仪来使它们成为习惯。A. acting行动；B. enjoying享受；C. practising练习；D. watching观看。根据下文“good table manners at home.”可知，可以通过在家练习良好的餐桌礼仪来使它们成为习惯。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：用餐时的良好礼仪帮助你和周围的人感到舒适。A. comfortable舒适的；B. stressed紧张的；C. depressed沮丧的；D. outstanding杰出的。根据上文“Good manners at meal times ”可知，良好礼仪帮助你和周围的人感到舒适。故选A。 【36题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：良好的礼仪使餐桌上的每个人都更享受用餐。A. dishes菜肴；B. manners礼仪；C. atmospheres氛围；D. friends朋友。根据上文“table manners.”可知，良好的礼仪使餐桌上的每个人都更享受用餐，故选B。 【37题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你意识到把胳膊放在桌子上、嘴里塞满食物说话、狼吞虎咽不被认为是良好的礼仪。A. mention提到；B. prefer更喜欢；C. doubt怀疑；D. realize意识到。根据上文“realize”可知，你意识到了不好的餐桌礼仪，故选D。 【38题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你意识到把胳膊放在桌子上、嘴里塞满食物说话、狼吞虎咽不被认为是良好的礼仪。A. stomach胃；B. hands手；C. mouth嘴；D. bowl碗。根据下文“wolfing down your food”可知，指嘴里塞满食物说话都被认为是不好的礼仪。故选C。 【39题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你有没有想过，愉快的态度对良好的餐桌礼仪是必不可少的？A. essential必不可少的；B. considerate体贴的；C. obvious明显的；D. unusual不寻常的。根据下文“a pleasant attitude ”可知，愉快的态度对良好的餐桌礼仪是必不可少的。故选A。 【40题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：餐桌是愉快交谈的场所。A. time时间；B. place场所；C. chance机会；D. way方式。根据下文“a battle ground.”可知，餐桌是愉快交谈的场所。故选B。 Section B 26% Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) One way people are responding to food safety concerns is by growing their own food. However, not everyone lives on property with enough space for a private plot. One solution is community gardens, which have become popular worldwide, numbering 18,000 in North America alone. In addition to providing low-cost, delicious food, these public spaces offer cities a range of other benefits. Community gardens are located in a town or city and tended by local residents. Often, the land is on a vacant lot owned by the city. The site is divided into manageable plots, which may be tended by individuals or by the garden's members collectively. Since the land is usually publicly owned, the cost for gardeners to lease it is minimal. In fact, New York City, which is home to more than 750 community gardens tended by more than 20,000 members, charges people just $1 a year to lease a plot. Other costs involve soil, tools, seeds, fencing, and so on. However, because they're shared by many people, individual gardeners pay very little. A community garden can quickly pay off, in terms of delicious fruits and vegetables, in addition to beautiful flowers. Excess produce can be sold for a profit at farmers markets. But a garden's benefits don't stop there. They also beautify cities, foster strong relationships among residents, and lower an area's crime rate. Award-winning spaces like London's Culpeper Community Garden even attract tourists. Beautiful and affordable, community gardens are often described as oases in crowded cities. 41. Community gardens are designed for those who ______. A. are concerned about food safety. B. live in a house with a private plot. C. can’t afford to buy organic food. D. don’t have their own property. 42. New York City ______. A. is owned by 20,000 individual gardeners. B. charges residents a lot to lease tools and fencing. C. contains more than 750 community gardens. D. is tended by professional gardeners and local residents. 43. What’s the benefit of community gardens? A. People can enjoy safe and delicious vegetables and animal meat. B. Residents are more familiar and related with each other. C. The neighborhood is becoming safer but of lower taste. D. People can make some profits from the visiting tourists. 44. The underlined word “oases” is closest in meaning to ______. A. cultural and art centers. B. popular platforms for exchanges. C. peaceful and safe lands. D. commercial and prosperous places. 【答案】41. A 42. C 43. B 44. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。人们对食品安全问题的担心，解决的一个途径就是种植自己的食物，因而出现了城市里的绿洲。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“One way people are responding to food safety concerns is by growing their own food. However, not everyone lives on property with enough space for a private plot. One solution is community gardens, which have become popular worldwide, numbering 18,000 in North America alone.(人们应对食品安全问题的一种方式是自己种植食物。然而，并不是每个人都住在有足够空间的私人土地上。解决方案之一是社区花园，这种花园在全世界都很流行，仅在北美就有1.8万个。)”可知，人们对食品安全问题的担心，解决的一个途径就是种植自己的食物。故选A。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In fact, New York City, which is home to more than 750 community gardens tended by more than 20,000 members, charges people just $1 a year to lease a plot. (事实上，纽约市拥有超过750个社区花园，由2万多名成员管理，而租用一块地的费用每年仅为1美元。)”可知，纽约市有750多个社区花园。故选C。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“They also beautify cities，foster strong relationships among residents，and lower an area's crime rate．(它们还能美化城市，增进居民之间的关系，降低一个地区的犯罪率。)”可知，社区花园的好处是居民之间更熟悉，更有联系。故选B。 【44题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文章第三段“They also beautify cities, foster strong relationships among residents, and lower an area's crime rate.( 它们还能美化城市，增进居民之间的关系，降低一个地区的犯罪率。)”和“Award-winning spaces like London's Culpeper Community Garden even attract tourists．Beautiful and affordable，(像伦敦的库尔佩珀花园社区甚至吸引游客。漂亮又实惠．)” 可知，社区花园应该是描绘成城市里的祥和安全的地方。所以oases为“祥和安全的地方”之意，与peaceful and safe lands同义。故选C。 (B) Where to Drink Cafe San Bernardo Join table-tennis and pool-playing port. Cafe San Bernardo has been running since 1912. The Villa Crespo dive bar also offers up table football for￡4 an hour. Service is efficient; with last orders at 5 am. The daily happy hour between 6 pm and 9 pm includes 60 minutes playing your game of choice, plus a half-bottle of red wine and a corn pie, for￡9. ●Avenue Corrientes 5436, Villa Crespo, 5411 4855 3956, cafesanbernardo. com M Salumeria & Enoteca Trading only in wine with a story, sommelier Mariana Torta chooses new ways on a daily basis, and keeps a list of around 250 labels. There's no wine menu—simply take your bottle from the shelf. ●Open 11:00am-11:30pm, El Salvador 5777, Palermo Hollywood, 5411 4778 9016, on Facebook Negro Cueva de Cafe Coffee has found its place in Buenos Aires. While LAB: Tostadores, The Shelter and Coffee Town are famous new places, Negro Cueva de Cafe is one of the best downtown. It serves Ecuadorian, Colombian and Brazilian beans and its attracting cakes include croissant. ●Open 9:30 am—7:00 pm, Suipacha 637, Microcentro, 5411 4322 3000, negrocuevade-cafe. com La Calle Head to the Niceto Vega address and you'll be faced with a pizza. Don't worry, it’s the right place. La Guitarrita is the front to “hidden” bar La Calle. Order the house cocktail, special candy, and prepare to sing until dawn with a high-energy young crowd. ●Open 8:00 pm—2:00 am, Niceto Vega 4942, Palermo Soho, 5411 3914 1972, on Facebook 45. Which number should you call if you are an addict of Columbian coffee flavour? A. 5411 4855 3956. B. 5411 4778 9016. C. 5411 4322 3000. D. 5411 3914 1972. 46. What makes La Calle different? A. Its allowing you to play games. B. Its having no wine menu. C. Its opening for the longest time. D. Its having special candy. 47. The author's purpose in writing the passage is ________. A. to show wine culture. B. to introduce some wine bars. C. to help people choose drinks. D. to show how to enjoy yourself. 【答案】45. C 46. D 47. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个酒吧以及各自特色、营业时间、联系方式等。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据Negro Cueva de Café部分中“It serves Ecuadorian, Colombian and Brazilian beans and its attracting cakes include croissant.；5411 4322 3000(它供应厄瓜多尔、哥伦比亚和巴西的咖啡店，吸引人的蛋糕包括羊角面包；电话：5411 4322 3000)”可知，如果你是一个哥伦比亚咖啡迷，你应该拨打5411 4322 3000。故选C。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据La Calle部分中“Order the house cocktail, special candy, and prepare to sing until dawn with a high-energy young crowd.(点一杯鸡尾酒，特别的糖果，准备和一群精力充沛的年轻人一起唱到天亮)”可知，La Calle有特别糖果，所以与众不同。故选D。 【47题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章标题“Where to Drink(去哪儿喝酒)”结合文章主要介绍了四个酒吧以及各自的特色、营业时间、联系方式等。可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍一些酒吧。故选B。 (C) Families should reduce exposure to synthetic chemicals found in food colorings, preservatives and packaging materials as a growing body of research shows they may harm children's health, according to a policy statement and technical report from the American Academy of Pediatrics released online. The statement also suggests improvements to the food additives regulatory system, including updating the scientific foundation of the U. S. Food and Drug Administration safety assessment program and retesting all previously approved chemicals. Q&A with the lead author We asked Leonardo Trasande, Council on Environmental Health member and lead author of the policy statement, to tell us more about these concerns. Q: What are the growing number of studies showing us? A: Over the past two decades, an accumulating body of science suggests some food additives can interfere with a child's hormones, growth and development. Potentially harmful effects of food additives are of special concern for children because they are more sensitive to chemical exposures because they eat and drink more, relative to body weight, than adults do and are still growing and developing. An early injury to their organ systems can have lifelong and permanent consequences. Q: What additives does the statement highlight? A: The additives of most concern, based on rising research evidence cited in the report, include: Bisphenols, such as BPA, used to harden plastic containers and line metal cans, can act like estrogen in the body which may potentially change the timing of puberty, decrease, fertility, increase body fat and affect the nervous and immune systems. BPA is now banned in baby bottles. Phthalates, which make plastic and vinyl tubes used in industrial food production flexible, may affect male genital development, increase childhood obesity and contribute to cardiovascular disease. In 2017, the Consumer Product Safety Commission banned the use or some phthalates in child-care products such as teething rings. 48. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics' report, people should _______to cope with the problem of food additives. A. reduce the usage of food additives and establish new food protection system B. update the food safety assessment program and check the approved chemicals again C. improve the food additives regulatory system and retest all approved chemicals D. try to avoid food additives in daily life and revise relevant rules on food additives 49. Leonardo Trasande holds he view that food additives do more harm to children than adults because study shows ________. A. children are more sensitive to what they eat and drink than adults B. children usually eat and drink more unhealthy food than adults C. children are just too young and weak to protect themselves D. children's organs are easier to be damaged and hard to recover 50. How many specific kinds of harmful effect caused by the additives are mentioned in the passage? A. 2. B. 7. C. 8. D. 1. 【答案】48. D 49. D 50. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究表明：食品添加剂对儿童健康有巨大的危害。研究建议家庭应该减少接触食品色素，还建议改进食品添加剂监管体系。并邀请环境健康委员会成员、政策声明的主要作者莱昂纳多·特拉森德回答了相关问题。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Families should reduce exposure to synthetic chemicals found in food colorings, preservatives and packaging materials as a growing body of research shows they may harm children's health, according to a policy statement and technical report from the American Academy of Pediatrics released online.(美国儿科学会在网上发布的一份政策声明和技术报告称，家庭应减少接触食品色素、防腐剂和包装材料中发现的合成化学物质，因为越来越多的研究表明它们可能会损害儿童的健康)”以及第二段“The statement also suggests improvements to the food additives regulatory system, including updating the scientific foundation of the U. S. Food and Drug Administration safety assessment program and retesting all previously approved chemicals. (声明还建议改善食品添加剂监管体系，包括更新美国食品和药物管理局安全评估项目的科学基础，并重新测试所有以前批准的化学品)”可知，根据美国儿科学会的报告，人们应该在日常生活中尽量避免使用食品添加剂，并修改有关食品添加剂的规定，以应对食品添加剂的问题。故选D。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“Potentially harmful effects of food additives are of special concern for children because they are more sensitive to chemical exposures because they eat and drink more, relative to body weight, than adults do and are still growing and developing. An early injury to their organ systems can have lifelong and permanent consequences.(食品添加剂潜在有害影响对儿童尤其重要，因为他们对接触化学物质更敏感，因为相对于体重而言，他们比成年人吃的和喝的更多，而且他们还在生长发育中。早期对他们器官系统的损伤可能会造成终身和永久的后果)”可知，莱昂纳多·特拉森德认为，食品添加剂对儿童的危害比成人大，因为研究表明，儿童的器官更容易受损，也更难恢复。故选D。 【50题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Bisphenols, such as BPA, used to harden plastic containers and line metal cans, can act like estrogen in the body which may potentially change the timing of puberty, decrease, fertility, increase body fat and affect the nervous and immune systems.(双酚类物质，如用于硬化塑料容器和金属罐的BPA，可以像体内的雌激素一样，潜在地改变青春期的时间、降低生育能力、增加身体脂肪，并影响神经和免疫系统)”以及最后一段中“Phthalates, which make plastic and vinyl tubes used in industrial food production flexible, may affect male genital development, increase childhood obesity and contribute to cardiovascular disease.(邻苯二甲酸盐可使工业食品生产中使用的塑料管和乙烯基管变得灵活，它可能会影响男性生殖器发育、增加儿童肥胖、并导致心血管疾病)”可知，一共提到7种有害影响。故选B。 (D) A busy brain can mean a hungry body We often seek food after focused mental activity, like preparing for an exam. Researchers think that heavy bouts of thinking drain energy from the brain, whose capacity to store fuel is very limited. So the brain, sensing that it may soon require more calories to keep going, apparently stimulates bodily hunger, and even though there has been little in the way of physical movement bodily hunger, and even though there has been little in the way of physical movement or calorie consumption, we eat this process may partly account for the weight gain so commonly seen in college students. Scientists at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and another institution recently experimented with exercise to counter such immoderately post-study food consumption. Gary Hunter, an exercise physiologist at U.A.B, oversaw the study Hunter notes that tough activity both increases the amount of blood sugar and lactate (乳酸盐)—a byproduct of intense muscle contractions (收缩) — circulating in the blood and increases blood flow to the head. Because the brain uses sugar and lactate as fuel, researchers wondered if the increased flow of fuel-rich blood during exercise could feed an exhausted brain and reduce the urge to overeat. Thirty-eight healthy college students were invited to U. A. B.’s exercise lab to report what their favorite pizza was. At a later date, the volunteers returned and spent 20 minutes dealing with selections from college and graduate-school entrance exams. Next, half the students sat quietly for 15 minutes, before being given pizza The rest of the volunteers spent those 15 minutes doing intervals on a treadmill: two minutes of hard running followed by about one minute of walking, repeated five times. Hunter says, that should stimulate the release of sugar and lactate into the bloodstream. These students were then allowed to gorge on pizza, too But by and large, they did not overeat. In fact, the non-exercisers, however, consumed about 100 calories more. The study has limitations, of course We only looked at lunch Hunter says;the researchers do not know if the runners consumed extra calories at dinner. They also cannot tell whether other types of exercise would have the same effect as running, although Hunter says they suspect that if an activity causes someone to break into a sweat, it should also increase blood sugar and lactate, feeding the brain and weakening hunger’s call. 51. According to the passage, ______ may cause many college students to overeat and gain weight. A. a lot of energy-consuming mental activities B. numerous physical movements or calorie burning C. failure to resist the temptation of delicious food D. bodily hunger caused by physical growth 52. The underlined word “counter” is closest in meaning to ______ A. stimulate B. maximize C. balance D. prevent 53. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Running is more beneficial than walking. B. Sweating in exercise can make people hungrier. C. The amount of blood sugar and lactate can affect people’s appetite. D. When the brain feels exhausted, people tend to do exercise for relaxation. 【答案】51. A 52. D 53. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了脑力活动后的饥饿感导致大学生体重增加及运动对此的影响。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“We often seek food after focused mental activity, like preparing for an exam. Researchers think that heavy bouts of thinking drain energy from the brain, whose capacity to store fuel is very limited.(我们经常在专注的脑力活动后寻找食物，比如准备考试。研究人员认为，大量的思考会消耗大脑的能量，而大脑储存能量的能力非常有限)”以及第二段“So the brain, sensing that it may soon require more calories to keep going, apparently stimulates bodily hunger, and even though there has been little in the way of physical movement or calorie consumption, we eat. This process may partly account for the weight gain so commonly seen in college students.(所以，大脑感觉到它可能很快就需要更多的卡路里来维持运转，显然会刺激身体产生饥饿感，而且即使几乎没有身体运动或卡路里消耗，我们也会进食。这个过程可能在一定程度上解释了大学生中常见的体重增加现象)” 可知，大量消耗能量的脑力活动可能导致很多大学生过度进食并增重。故选A。 【52题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“So the brain, sensing that it may soon require more calories to keep going, apparently stimulates bodily hunger, and even though there has been little in the way of physical movement or calorie consumption, we eat. This process may partly account for the weight gain so commonly seen in college students.(所以，大脑感觉到它可能很快就需要更多的卡路里来维持运转，显然会刺激身体产生饥饿感，而且即使几乎没有身体运动或卡路里消耗，我们也会进食。这个过程可能在一定程度上解释了大学生中常见的体重增加现象)”划线词后面的内容“such immoderately post-study food consumption(这种过度的课后（学习后）进食行为)”可知，大量消耗能量的脑力活动可能导致很多大学生过度进食并增重，所以阿拉巴马大学伯明翰分校和另一所机构的科学家最近进行了运动实验，以阻止这种学习后过度进食的现象。所以划线单词counter意为“阻止，防止”。故选D。 【53题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Because the brain uses sugar and lactate as fuel, researchers wondered if the increased flow of fuel-rich blood during exercise could feed an exhausted brain and reduce the urge to overeat.(因为大脑使用糖和乳酸作为燃料，研究人员想知道，运动期间富含燃料的血液流动增加是否能为疲惫的大脑提供营养，并减少暴饮暴食的冲动)”及最后一段中“They also cannot tell whether other types of exercise would have the same effect as running, although Hunter says they suspect that if an activity causes someone to break into a sweat, it should also increase blood sugar and lactate, feeding the brain and weakening hunger’s call.（他们也无法确定其他类型的运动是否会产生与跑步相同的效果，不过亨特表示，他们猜测如果一项活动能让人出汗，那它也应该会使血糖和乳酸盐水平升高，从而为大脑提供能量，并减轻饥饿感)”可推知，血糖和乳酸盐的量会影响人们的食欲。故选C。 第Ⅱ卷 V. Fill in each blank with a word or a phrase from the box in its proper form. Each can be used only once. Note that there is one more than you need. 9 % Fill in each blank with a word or a phrase from the box in its proper form. Each can be used only once. Note that there is one more than you need. take… by surprise, associate… with, deal with, point out, inform… about, on a large scale, turn out 54. This army joined in the battle unexpectedly so the enemy ______ and suffered a great loss. 55. Although this problem caused much trouble, she______ it in an adult way. 56. The judge was very harsh, ______all the words the young girl had wrongly spelled. 57. Mr Li, have you finished marking my paper? I wonder when I ______my score for this test. 58. The basic process of changing seawater to drinking water is ancient, but doing this ______ is difficult and expensive. 59. King cake ______ religion is a must for many French families when they celebrate the New Year. 【答案】54. was taken by surprise 55. dealt with 56. pointing out 57. will be informed about 58. on a large scale 59. associated with 【解析】 【54题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：这支军队意外地加入了战斗，因此敌人大吃一惊，遭受了重大损失。根据unexpectedly可知，军队意外地加入战斗，就会使敌人感到惊讶，动词短语take by surprise“突袭, 使惊讶”，符合题意，与主语是被动关系，应用被动语态, 由joined可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，主语是单数，be动词使用was。故填was taken by surprise。 【55题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：尽管这个问题带来了许多麻烦，但她处理得非常成熟。这个句子的宾语是“问题”，动词短语deal with“处理”，符合题意，由caused可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填dealt with。 【56题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：法官非常严厉，指出了那个小女孩拼写错误的所有单词。“小女孩的拼写是错误的”是法官指出的内容，动词短语point out“指出”，符合题意。句子已经存在系动词was，所以point需要转化为非谓语，它和逻辑主语法官之间呈主动关系，应用现在分词，作伴随状语。故填pointing outs。 【57题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：李老师，你已经批改完我的试卷了吗？我想知道什么时候会通知我这次考试的成绩。说话人是一名学生，其考试成绩是老师通知给他的，动词短语inform … about …“通知某人关于某事”，符合题意。I与inform是被动关系，且是将来被通知成绩，应用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be informed about。 【58题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：将海水转化为饮用水的基本过程是古老的，但大规模地进行这一操作是困难且昂贵的。海水是很大量的，介词短语on a large scale“大规模地”，意思是大规模净化海水的过程困难且昂贵，符合题意。故填on a large scale。 【59题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：在法国家庭庆祝新年时，国王蛋糕与宗教相关联是必不可少的。动词短语be associated with“与……有关”，省略be动词，使用过去分词短语associated with，作后置定语，修饰主语King cake。故填associated with。 VI. Translation 20 %(5’*4) 60. 敬业学子都有机会参与这些旨在提升跨文化沟通能力的活动。 (access) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Students in Jingye Middle School all have access to these activities aimed at improving cross-cultural communication skills. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语、非谓语动词和时态。“敬业学子”翻译为Students in Jingye Middle School，在句中作主语；“有机会接触”用短语have access to；“这些活动”翻译为these activities；“旨在”用短语be aimed at，在句中作定语，修饰名词these activities，所以用过去分词形式；“提升跨文化沟通能力”翻译为improve cross-cultural communication skills；陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故翻译为Students in Jingye Middle School all have access to these activities aimed at improving cross-cultural communication skills. 61. 作为高中生，我们逐渐学会了如何适应自主学习并应对起起伏伏。 (adjust) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】As senior high school students, we have gradually learned how to adjust to independent learning and deal with ups and downs. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语和时态。“作为”用介词as；“高中生”翻译为high school students；“逐渐”用副词gradually；“学会”用动词learn；“适应”用短语adjust to；“自主学习”翻译为independent learning；“应对”用短语deal with；“起起伏伏”用短语ups and downs。句子描述过去的动作持续到现在，应用现在完成时。故翻译为As senior high school students, we have gradually learned how to adjust to independent learning and deal with ups and downs. 62. 这些我们耳熟能详的歌曲会代代相传，并成为一种应对思乡之情的方式。(familiar) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】These songs that we are familiar with will be passed down from generation to generation and become a way to deal with homesickness. 【解析】 【详解】 考查时态、定语从句和短语。“这些我们耳熟能详的歌曲”作主语，可译为these songs that we are familiar with，其中that引导限制性定语从句；“代代相传”应理解为“被代代相传”，与主语之间是被动关系，译为be passed down from generation to generation，根据句意，表示将来会发生的事情，用一般将来时的被动语态，即will be passed down from generation to generation；“成为应对思乡之情的方式”译为become a way to cope with homesickness，其中become是并列谓语动词，用连词and连接，用原形与前面的助动词will构成一般将来时态。故译为：These songs that we are familiar with will be passed down from generation to generation and become a way to deal with homesickness. 63. 了解传统美食的烹饪方式之后, 我感受到了其中的文化价值，对祖国的历史也越发认同。 (identify)(汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】After learning about the cooking methods of traditional food, I felt the cultural value in it and identified more with the history of my motherland. 【解析】 【详解】考查动名词和时态。“在……之后”为after；“了解传统美食的烹饪方式”为“learn about the cooking methods of traditional food”，置于after之后，用动名词作宾语。“我感受到了其中的文化价值, 对祖国的历史也越发认同”在陈述过去的动作，为一般过去时。“我”为I；“感受”为felt；“其中的文化价值”为 the cultural value in it；“对祖国的历史也越发认同”为identify more with the history of my motherland。故翻译为After learning about the cooking methods of traditional food, I felt the cultural value in it and identified more with the history of my motherland. II. Guided Writing 25 % 64. Directions: Write an English passage in 120 to 150 words according to the requirement given below in Chinese. 由于流感影响，德国姐妹学校师生将推迟来我校交流访问的时间，但他们希望能提前了解中华饮食文化，以避免在中国就餐时遇到文化冲击。请就此给他们写一封信，信中应包括： ●对于中华美食文化的简要介绍； ●外国人在中国就餐时可能遇到的文化冲击。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Friends from Germany, we’re sorry your visit is postponed due to the flu. But we’re glad to introduce Chinese food culture. Chinese food is rich and varied. There are eight major cuisine, each with unique flavors. For example. Sichuan food is spicy, while Cantonese food is light and fresh. When dining in China, you may face some cultural differences. Using chopsticks can be tricky at first. Also, Chinese people like a lively dining atmosphere and often share food, which might be new to you. We hope this introduction helps. Looking forward to your visit and sharing great meals together! Best regards, Chen Xin 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就德国姐妹学校师生因流感推迟来校交流访问，而他们希望提前了解中华饮食文化这一情况，给他们写一封信。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 推迟：postpone → put off 各种各样的：varied → diverse 独特的：unique → distinctive 棘手的：tricky → difficult/challenging 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Chinese food is rich and varied. 拓展句：Chinese food, which has a long standing history and is influenced by different regions and cultures, is rich and varied. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Also, Chinese people like a lively dining atmosphere and often share food, which might be new to you.(运用了关系代词which引导的非限定性定语从句) [高分句型2] We hope this introduction helps. (运用了省略连词that的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$