Unit 6 In the kitchen（讲义）-2024-2025学年译林版（三起）英语五年级下册

五下英语Unit 6 语法专项训练 重点语法知识点 一、现在进行时的一般疑问句结构 句式结构: Are/Is+主语+动词-ing形式+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + am/is/are. 否定回答：No, 主语 + am/is/are + not. 注意事项： 1. be动词选择： - Are 用于复数主语（you/they/we）或第二人称单数（you）。 - Is 用于第三人称单数（he/she/it/单数名词）。 - Am 仅用于第一人称单数（I）。 2. 动词-ing形式规则： - 一般直接加 -ing（如：read → reading）。 - 以不发音的 e结尾，去e加-ing（如：write → writing）。 - 重读闭音节单词，双写末尾辅音字母加 -ing（如：run → running）。 3. 回答时需一致： - 问句用 Are you...?，回答用 I am...或 I’m not...。 - 问句用 Is he...?，回答用 He is...或 He isn’t...。 列: Are you reading a book now? — Yes, I am. / No, I’m not. Is she watching TV? — Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t. Are they playing football? — Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t. 练习1. 用所给词的正确形式填空 1. — Are you w______ (write) a letter? — Yes, I am. 2. — Is Tom r______ (run) in the park? — No, he isn’t. 3. — Are they s______ (swim) in the pool? — Yes, they are. 4. — Is the cat s______ (sleep) on the sofa? — Yes, it is. 选择题 5. （ ）— ______ you drawing a picture? — Yes, I am. A. Is B. Are C. Am D. Do 6. （ ）— Is Lily ______ TV? — No, she is doing homework. A. watch B. watching C. watches D. watched 7. （ ）— ______? — No, they aren’t. They are playing basketball. A. Are they playing football B. Is they playing football C. Do they play football D. They are playing football 二、表达迫不及待的 can't wait 句式结构 主语 + can’t wait + to do sth. 例: I can’t wait to open the gift! 主语 + can’t wait + for + 名词/代词 列: She can’t wait for the holiday. 主语 + can’t wait + until + 时间/事件 例: We can’t wait until the concert starts. 否定疑问句：Can’t + 主语 + wait...? 例: Can’t you wait a few minutes? 注意事项 动词形式固定： 后接动词必须用 to do（不定式），不能用 doing。 主谓一致： 主语是第三人称单数时，can’t 无需变化，保持原形。 时态变化： 过去式用 couldn’t wait。 否定疑问句的答语： Can’t you wait? → 回答需根据实际肯定或否定： Yes, I can. / No, I can’t. 练习2. 选择题 1. （ ）— ______ you wait until the party starts? — No, I can’t! A. Can’t B. Don’t C. Won’t D. Didn’t 2. （ ）Tom ______ to try the new video game. A. can’t wait B. can’t waits C. can’t waiting D. can’t waited 3. 选择正确的翻译： （ ）“我等不及要尝这块蛋糕了。” A. I can’t wait tasting the cake. B. I can’t wait to taste the cake. C. I can’t wait for taste the cake. D. I can’t wait taste the cake. 三、询问食物味道如何的句型 句式结构 How + be动词+ the +食物名称? It’s/They're+表示味道的形容词, 注意事项 主谓一致： 单数食物用 How’s...?（How is...?） 复数食物用 How are...? ❌ How’s the fries? → √ How are the fries? 时态区分： 已吃完的食物用过去式： — How was the steak? → It was perfect. 例: — How’s the pasta?（意面怎么样？） — It’s cheesy but a bit bland. — How are the strawberries?（草莓怎么样？） — They’re fresh and sweet! 练习3. 改错题（每句有一处错误） 1. How’s the noodles? （ ） 2. It’s very taste. （ ） 选择题 3. （ ）— ______ the ice cream? — It’s creamy and sweet! A. How’s B. How do C. What’s D. How are 4. （ ）选择正确的翻译： “这些炸鸡脆吗？” A. Is the fried chicken crispy? B. Are the fried chicken crispy? C. How’s the fried chicken? D. What do you think of the fried chicken? 5. （ ）— How does the coffee taste? — ______ A. It’s hot. B. It tastes bitter. C. I like it. D. Yes, it is. 四、表达某人喜欢某人/物的句型 句式结构 主语 + like(s) + 某人/物 例: I like apples.（我喜欢苹果。） 例: She likes her teacher.（她喜欢她的老师。） 主语 + love(s) + 某人/物（程度更深） 例: He loves music.（他热爱音乐。） 疑问句与否定句 例: Do/Does + 主语 + like + 某人/物? 例: Do you like cats?（你喜欢猫吗？） 例: Does he like swimming?（他喜欢游泳吗？） 否定句：主语 + don’t/doesn’t + like + 某人/物 I don’t like spicy food.（我不喜欢辣的食物。） 注意事项 动词形式与主谓一致： 第三人称单数（he/she/it）需在动词后加 -s/-es： ❌ She like dancing. → √ She likes dancing. 练习4. 1. （ ）My brother ______ basketball. A. like B. likes C. liking D. to like 选择正确的翻译： 2. （ ）“她痴迷于科学。” A. She is crazy about science. B. She is into science. C. She loves science. D. All of the above. 3. （ ）— ______ you ______ this book? — Yes, it’s fantastic! A. Do; like B. Does; like C. Are; like D. Is; like 五、there be句型 句式结构 There be + 名词（主语） + 地点/时间状语 表示“某地/某时有某物/某人”。 be动词的单复数由后面紧跟的名词决定（就近原则）。 类型 结构 例句 肯定句 There is + 单数名词/不可数名词 There is a cat under the table. There are + 复数名词 否定句 There is/are + not + 名词 There isn’t any milk in the fridge. There aren’t many people here. 疑问句 Is/Are there + 名词 + ...? Is there a pen on the desk? Are there any books in the bag? 特殊疑问句 How many/much... + are/is there? How many students are there in class? 注意事项 就近原则： 若并列多个主语，be动词与最近的主语保持一致。 例: There is a pen and two books on the desk. 例: There are two books and a pen on the desk. 练习5. 选择题 4. ( ) There ______ a dog and two cats under the tree. A. is B. are C. have D. has 5. ( )— ______ any milk in the glass? — Yes, there is some. A. Is there B. Are there C. There is D. There are 6. ( )How many ______ there in the zoo? A. tiger is B. tigers are C. tigers is D. tiger are 六、come home 和 go home 1.come home 含义：回到说话者所在的家，或双方共同认知的“家”。 例: Mom called me: “Come home now! Dinner is ready.”妈妈在家，让我回家。） After the trip, I finally came home and relaxed. （家是说话者的归属地，无论当时是否在家。） 2. go home 含义：离开当前位置回到自己的家（说话者可能不在家中）。 例: It’s late. I need to go home.（说话者当前不在家，需离开此处回家。） The teacher said, “Students, you can go home after class.” （老师和学生都在学校，家是学生的目的地。） 注意事项 说话者的位置决定用词： 如果说话者在家中，用 come home（如电话中催促家人回家）。 如果说话者和听者都不在家，用 go home（如放学后老师让学生回家）。 练习6. 选择题 1. ( ) — I’m at the office. It’s 9 p.m. — Oh, you need to ______ now! A. come home B. go home C. go to home D. come to home 2. ( ) Mom called me: “______ now! The guests are here.” A. Go home B. Come home C. Go to home D. Come to home 3. ( ) After the party, we all ______. A. came home B. went home C. go home D. come home 语法专项练习 1、 用所给词的正确形式填空 1. Listen! The girl __________ (sing) an English song. 1. My parents __________ (watch) TV every evening. 1. There __________ (be) a book, two pens and a ruler on the desk. 1. Let him __________ (help) you with your English. 1. She __________ (not like) playing basketball. 1. Look at the children. They __________ (fly) kites happily. 1. The little boy usually __________ (get) up at 6:30. 1. There __________ (be) some bread and three eggs in the fridge. 1. Don't __________ (run) in the classroom. 1. — What __________ (be) your mother doing?— She is cooking dinner. 2、 选择题 10. — ______ your sister often ______ to the park on Sundays?— Yes, she does. A. Do; go B. Does; goes C. Do; goes D. Does; go 11. The students ______ football on the playground now. A. play B. plays C. are playing D. is playing 12. There ______ two dogs and a cat under the tree. A. is B. are C. have D. has 13. — When do you ______ school in the morning?— At 7:20. A. go B. go to C. goes D. goes to 14. — ______ is the man over there?— He is our new teacher. A. What B. Where C. Who D. How 15. Look! The bird ______ in the sky. A. fly B. flies C. is flying D. are flying 16. My father ______ a car. He drives it to work every day. A. have B. has C. is having D. are having 17. There ______ a lot of water in the bottle. A. is B. are C. have D. has 18. — ______ you like reading books?— Yes, I do. A. Are B. Do C. Does D. Is 19. Let's ______ to the zoo this weekend. A. go B. goes C. going D. to go 1. — ______ you often watch TV in the evening? — Yes, I do. A. Are B. Do C. Does D. Is 1. The students are ______ books in the library now. A. read B. reading C. reads D. to read 1. There ______ a pen and three pencils in my pencil case. A. is B. are C. have D. has 1. — What time do you ______ home every day? — At 5:30. A. go to B. go C. goes D. going 1. — ______ is the boy in blue? — He is my cousin. A. What B. Who C. Where D. How 三、句型转换 25. 肯定句转否定句： He is doing his homework. —————————————————————— 26. 一般疑问句并作否定回答： They play basketball after school. —————————————————————— 27. 对划线部分提问： I often go to school by bike. —————————————————————— 28. 合并句子：I have a cat. I have a dog. —————————————————————— 29. 改为现在进行时： He plays football on Sundays. —————————————————————— 30. 肯定句转否定句： She likes dancing. —————————————————————— 31. 一般疑问句并作肯定回答： He goes to school on foot. —————————————————————— 32. 对划线部分提问： My mother is cooking dinner in the kitchen. —————————————————————— 33. 合并句子： The boy is tall. The boy is strong. ————————————————————— 34. 改为现在进行时： They watch TV in the evening. —————————————————————— 答案速查与解析 练习1. 1. 答案：writing（去e加-ing） 2. 答案：running（双写n加-ing） 3. 答案：swimming（双写m加-ing） 4. 答案：sleeping（直接加-ing）选择题 5. 答案：B（主语是you，用Are） 6. 答案：B（现在进行时需用动词-ing形式） 7. 答案：A（主语是复数，结构正确） 练习2. 1. 答案：A（否定疑问句结构） 2. 答案：A（固定搭配，主谓一致） 3. 答案：B（to do结构正确） 练习3. 1. → How are the noodles?（复数需用are） 2. → It’s very tasty.（形容词形式错误） 3. 答案：A（单数食物用How’s） 4. 答案：B（fried chicken指“炸鸡块”时为复数） 5. 答案：B（直接描述味道） 练习4. 1. 答案：B（第三人称单数） 2. 答案：D（三种表达均正确） 3. 答案：A（主语是you，用Do） 练习5 1. 答案：A（就近原则，最近主语是a dog） 2. 答案：A（milk是不可数名词） 3. 答案：B（复数名词+are） 练习6 1. 答案：B（说话者在办公室，需离开此处回家） 2. 答案：B（妈妈在家，呼唤听者回家） 3. 答案：B（说话者和听者都从派对离开回家） 1. 答案：is singing （现在进行时，根据 listen 可知动作正在进行，主语为单数） 2. 答案：watch （一般现在时，主语为复数，动词用原形） 3. 答案：is （就近原则，a book 是单数，be 动词用 is） 4. 答案：help （let sb. do sth. 结构，用动词原形） 5. 答案：doesn't like （一般现在时的否定句，主语 she 是第三人称单数，借助 doesn't，后接动词原形） 6. 答案：are flying （现在进行时，look 提示动作正在进行，主语为复数） 7. 答案：gets （一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，动词 get 加 s） 8. 答案：is （就近原则，bread 是不可数名词，be 动词用 is） 9. 答案：run （祈使句否定形式，用动词原形） 10. 答案：is （现在进行时的疑问句，主语 your mother 是第三人称单数） 11. 答案：D （一般现在时疑问句，主语 your sister 是第三人称单数，借助 does，后面动词用原形） 12. 答案：C （现在进行时，主语 students 是复数，be 动词用 are，后接动词 ing 形式） 13. 答案：B （就近原则，two dogs 是复数，be 动词用 are） 14. 答案：B （go to school 固定搭配，助动词 do 后用动词原形） 15. 答案：C （询问身份用 who） 16. 答案：C （现在进行时，主语 the bird 是单数，be 动词用 is，后接动词 ing 形式） 17. 答案：B （一般现在时，主语 My father 是第三人称单数，动词用 has） 18. 答案：A （water 是不可数名词，be 动词用 is） 19. 答案：B （一般现在时疑问句，主语 you 用助动词 do） 20. 答案：A （let sb. do sth. 结构，用动词原形） 21. 答案：B（一般现在时疑问句，主语为you） 22. 答案：B（现在进行时结构：be + doing） 23. 答案：A（就近原则，a pen是单数） 24. 答案：B（go home固定搭配，无介词） 25. 答案：B（询问身份用who） 26. He isn't doing his homework. 27. Do they play basketball after school?→No, they don't. 28. How do you often go to school? 29. I have a cat and a dog. 30. He is playing football now. 31. She doesn't like dancing. 32. Does he go to school on foot?→ Yes, he does. 33. What is your mother doing in the kitchen? 34. The boy is tall and strong. 35. They are watching TV now. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$