高效作业24 Unit 5 Period Ⅳ Writing-【精彩三年】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册课程探究与巩固Word教参（人教版2019）

高效作业24 [Period Ⅳ　Writing](见学生用书P191) Ⅰ.阅读理解 Stéphanie Frappart made history on Thursday as the first woman to referee(为……担任裁判) a men’s World Cup match. Alongside assistants Neuza Back from Brazil and Karen Diaz from Mexico, the Frenchwoman was part of an all­female refereeing trio(裁判三人组) officiating Costa Rica vs Germany in their Group E match. Throughout her career, Frappart has achieved a seemingly endless series of firsts. In April 2019, she became the first female referee to take charge of a Ligue 1 match, in August 2019, the first to take charge of a major men’s European match, and in 2020, the first to officiate a men’s UEFA Champions League match. At the World Cup，a referee might make 245 decisions in a single game, Sky Sports estimates, and if just one is wrong, it will be analysed in microscopic detail. It could alter the course of a game, or even a team’s World Cup—denying it a title or ensuring it progresses no further in the tournament. “When you make a mistake, it’s more important than if a player makes a mistake—there are more consequences for the teams，” Frappart says. “It’s also easy to say that it’s the fault of the referee and not the fault of our team when you lose.” Inevitably, female referees are carefully examined, as they straddle(跨越) two traditionally male­dominated fields: football and leadership. “There are many questions involved if she’s there because she’s a woman，” Frappart recalls when she made_her_debut in Ligue. “It’s not only in football. I think in every job when you’re a woman you need to prove that you have the quality and after that they let you continue.” But as Frappart refereed more matches, the stance towards her gradually changed. “Now, it’s not a question of gender. It’s now only a question about competencies，” she said. With women refereeing, the matches at the Qatar World Cup were broadcast to huge audiences worldwide. Frappart knew it encouraged more women to pick up a whistle and take more and more responsibility. She said, “So if you have more female referees on the TV perhaps it might make it easier for women to say: ’OK, this is possible.’” (　B　)1．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Frappart’s life experience. B．Frappart’s achievements. C．Frappart’s contributions. D．Frappart’s habits. (　B　)2．Which of the following words can best describe Frappart’s job as a referee? A．Creative and rewarding. B．Challenging but inspiring. C．Difficult and meaningless. D．Easy but troublesome. (　C　)3．The underlined part “made her debut” in Paragraph 5 means ________． A．made a speech B．made full preparations C．made her first appearance D．made a living (　B　)4．What can we learn from the passage? A．The Qatar World Cup drew huge audiences for women refereeing. B．It’s easy to put the blame for teams’ failures on referees. C．Frappart impressed the world with competencies in her first match. D．In August 2019, Frappart was the first female referee in a Ligue 1 match. 【语篇解读】 文章介绍了世界杯第一位女裁判——Stéphanie Frappart 的相关事迹。 1．B　主旨大意题。根据第二段“Throughout her career, Frappart has achieved a seemingly endless series of firsts. In April 2019, she became the first female referee to take charge of a Ligue 1 match, in August 2019, the first to take charge of a major men’s European match, and in 2020, the first to officiate a men’s UEFA Champions League match.(在她的职业生涯中，Frappart取得了一系列看似无穷无尽的第一次。2019年4月，她成为第一位法甲比赛的女裁判；2019年8月，她成为第一位欧洲男子主要比赛的女裁判；2020年，她成为第一位欧洲男子冠军联赛比赛的女裁判。)”可知，本段主要介绍了Frappart的成就。故选 B。 2．B　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Inevitably, female referees are carefully examined, as they straddle (跨越) two traditionally male­dominated fields: football and leadership. ’There are many questions involved if she’s there because she’s a woman’(不可避免地，女裁判会受到仔细的审查，因为她们横跨两个传统上由男性主导的领域：足球和领导力。’如果她在那里就会有很多问题，因为她是一名女性’)”可推断， Frappart 执裁男子比赛具有挑战性。根据最后一段中的“Frappart knew it encouraged more women to pick up a whistle and take more and more responsibility.(Frappart知道，这鼓励了更多的女性拿起哨子，承担越来越多的责任。)”可推断，Frappart的工作激励着其他女性。故选B。 3．C　词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“In April 2019, she became the first female referee to take charge of a Ligue 1 match(2019年4月，她成为第一位法甲比赛的女裁判)”可推断，Frappart回忆起她在法甲首次亮相时的情景。由此推知，画线部分意为“首次露面；初次登场”。故选C。 4．B　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It’s also easy to say that it’s the fault of the referee and not the fault of our team when you lose.(当你输球时，也很容易说这是裁判的错，而不是我们球队的错。)”可知，人们很容易把球队的失败归咎于裁判。故选B。 Ⅱ.七选五 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Scientists help to explain how the world around us works, and carry out experiments to create new things. To become a scientist, you need a college degree and various professional skills. 1．__B__ Understand scientist description and responsibilities. Scientists are responsible for examining and exploring different aspects of the physical world. All their exploration processes are done by following a set of rules known as the scientific method. 2．__F__ Of course, they also have different specific work responsibilities. If you want to be a scientist in a certain field, you need to continue to have a deep understanding of professional work responsibilities. 3．__D__ The influence of every profession is double­sided. As a scientist, it may bring you some achievements and benefits, but it also has some professional disadvantages. So before you want to be a scientist, you should have a detailed understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of scientists. Go through college. 4．__G__ Overall studying is important to become a professional scientist. You can acquire all kinds of related knowledge systematically at college and lay a solid foundation for your future career. Get internship(实习) opportunities. Try to find part­time jobs during the university period. In this way, you can obtain real work experience while studying, which is very valuable for you and will definitely be helpful for your real career in the future. 5．__E__ When you find a relevant scientist job, apply for it. A scientist’s career path is often the result of a series of chance meetings, unexpected events and changes in personal circumstances. You should not be afraid to follow your own unique route. A．Try to avoid the influence of others. B．Next, you will have detailed information. C．So make use of your rich experience if any. D．Think about whether it is worthwhile to be a scientist. E．You can find such chances through special part­time websites. F．Scientists in different fields may specialise in different subjects. G．Systematic learning in university is the basis of becoming a scientist. 【语篇解读】 文章主要介绍了如何成为一名科学家。 1．B　上文“To become a scientist, you need a college degree and various professional skills.(要成为一名科学家，你需要一个大学学位和各种专业技能。)”提到成为科学家需要学位和技能，下文的段落具体介绍如何成为一名科学家，B项“Next, you will have detailed information.(接下来，你将获得详细信息。)”符合语境，起到承上启下的作用。故选B。 2．F　下文“Of course, they also have different specific work responsibilities. If you want to be a scientist in a certain field, you need to continue to have a deep understanding of professional work responsibilities.(当然，他们也有不同的具体工作职责。如果你想成为某一领域的科学家，你需要继续对专业工作职责有深刻的理解。)”提到不同领域的科学家的职责，建议对这些职责有深刻理解，F项“Scientists in different fields may specialise in different subjects.(不同领域的科学家可能专攻不同的学科。)”符合语境，说明科学家专攻不同的学科，引出下文的不同工作职责，下文中的“also”是对选项内容的延伸。故选F。 3．D　空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需概括段落内容。下文“The influence of every profession is double­sided. As a scientist, it may bring you some achievements and benefits, but it also has some professional disadvantages. So before you want to be a scientist, you should have a detailed understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of scientists.(任何职业的影响都是双面的。作为一名科学家，它可能会给你带来一些成就和好处，但它也有一些专业上的缺点。所以在你想成为一名科学家之前，你应该对成为科学家的优点和缺点有一个详细的了解。)”说明科学家的职业有利有弊，建议要考虑利弊，D项“Think about whether it is worthwhile to be a scientist.(想想成为一名科学家是否值得。)”符合语境。故选D。 4．G　上文“Go through college.(读完大学。)”建议读完大学，下文“Overall studying is important to become a professional scientist.(全面学习对成为一名专业科学家很重要。)”说明大学的全面学习的重要性，G项“Systematic learning in university is the basis of becoming a scientist.(大学里系统的学习是成为一名科学家的基础。)”符合语境。故选G。 5．E　上文“Try to find part­time jobs during the university period. In this way, you can obtain real work experience while studying, which is very valuable for you and will definitely be helpful for your real career in the future.(在大学期间尽量找些兼职工作。这样，你可以在学习的同时获得真正的工作经验，这对你来说是非常宝贵的，对你未来的真正的职业生涯肯定会有帮助。)”说明要去找兼职工作，积累经验，E项“You can find such chances through special part­time websites.(你可以通过专门的兼职网站找到这样的机会。)”符合语境，承接上文，介绍找兼职工作的途径。故选E。 Ⅲ.完形填空 A is for always getting to work on time. B is for being extremely busy. C is for the conscientious(勤勤恳恳的) way you do your job. You may be all these things at the office, and more. But when it comes to __1__， experts say, the ABCs of business should include a P, for politics, as in office politics. Dale Carnegie suggested many years ago: Hard work alone doesn’t __2__ career advancement. You have to be able to sell yourself and your ideas, both publicly and behind the scenes. Yet, despite the obvious __3__ of engaging in office politics—a better job, a raise, praise—many people are still unable or unwilling to “play the game”． “People take it for granted that office politics __4__ some manipulative(工于心计的) behaviour，” says Deborah Comer, an assistant professor of management at Hofstra University. “__5__ politics originates from the word ’polite’. It can mean lobbying(游说) and forming associations. It can mean being kind and helpful, or even trying to please your superior, and then expecting something __6__.” In fact, today, experts __7__ office politics as proper behaviour used to pursue one’s own self­interest in the workplace. In many __8__， this involves some form of socialising within the office environment—not just in large companies, but in small workplaces as well. “The first thing people are usually __9__ on is their ability to perform well on a regular basis，” says Neil P Lewis, a management psychologist. “But if two or three __10__ are up for a promotion, each of whom has reasonably __11__ ability, a manager is going to promote the person he or she likes best. It’s simple human __12__.” Yet, psychologists say, many employees and employers have trouble with the concept of politics in the office. __13__ people, they say, have an idealistic idea of work and what it takes to succeed. Still others __14__ politics with flattery(奉承). They are fearful that, if they speak up for themselves, they may __15__ to be flattering their boss for favours. Experts suggest altering this negative picture by recognising the need for some self­promotion. (　B　)1．A．getting along B．getting ahead C．getting across D．getting up (　D　)2．A．suggest B．contribute C．foresee D．ensure (　A　)3．A．rewards B．burdens C．reputation D．psychology (　C　)4．A．intends B．concludes C．involves D．sacrifices (　C　)5．A．So B．Then C．But D．Though (　D　)6．A．in general B．by contrast C．for instance D．in return (　A　)7．A．define B．extend C．motivate D．adapt (　B　)8．A．countries B．cases C．offices D．surroundings (　C　)9．A．relied B．counted C．judged D．instructed (　A　)10．A．candidates B．interviewees C．employers D．champions (　D　)11．A．normal B．academic C．harmful D．similar (　B　)12．A．action B．nature C．personality D．potential (　D　)13．A．Few B．All C．No D．Some (　D　)14．A．isolate B．combine C．separate D．associate (　C　)15．A．pretend B．agree C．appear D．refuse 【语篇解读】 本文中，作者指出，人想要出人头地，仅仅靠准时上班、勤奋工作、忙忙碌碌是不够的，人还要学会“推销”自己。作者提出了“office politics”，即在办公环境中要对别人友善、乐于助人、获得别人的喜欢，尤其是上司的青睐，当然这不同于阿谀奉承，溜须拍马。 1．B　根据But可知，本句内容与空前为语义上的转折关系，虽然你做到了这些甚至更多，但要想获得成功或者出人头地，还应该包括一个P，代表政治，就像办公室政治一样。A. get along沿着；B. get ahead取得成功，出人头地；C. get across使理解；D. get up起床。故选B。 2．D　根据下文中的“You have to be able to sell yourself and your ideas(你得能推销自己和自己的想法)”可知，此处指只是努力工作并不能保证职业晋升。A. suggest建议；B. contribute做贡献；C. foresee预测；D. ensure保证。故选D。 3．A　空后的“a better job, a raise, praise”都是回报，因此此处指，然而，尽管参与办公室政治有明显的回报——更好的工作、加薪、表扬——许多人仍然不能或不愿玩这个游戏。A. reward回报；B. burden负担；C. reputation声誉；D. psychology心理学。故选A。 4．C　人们想当然地认为，办公室政治会包含一些工于心计的行为。A. intend打算；B. conclude推断出，结束；C. involve包含；D. sacrifice牺牲。故选C。 5．C　但政治起源于polite这个词。A. so因此；B. then然后；C. but但是；D. though尽管。故选C。 6．D　它可以意味着友善和乐于助人，甚至试图取悦你的上司，然后期待一些回报。A. in general总体上；B. by contrast相比之下；C. for instance例如；D. in return作为回报。故选D。 7．A　此处与上文中的“People take it for granted that office politics involves some manipulative(工于心计的) behaviour”相对应，指出，事实上，如今专家将办公室政治定义为在工作场所追求自身利益的适当行为。A. define给……定义，解释；B. extend延伸；C. motivate激励；D. adapt适应。故选A。 8．B　在许多情况下，这包括在办公室环境中进行某种形式的社交——不仅在大公司，在小型工作场所也是如此。 A. country国家；B. case案例，情况；C. office办公室；D. surrounding环境。故选B。 9．C　管理心理学家Neil P Lewis表示，人们通常拿他们是否有能力表现稳定且良好来评判一个人。A. rely依赖；B. count数数；C. judge判断，对……作出评价 ；D. instruct指导。故选C。 10．A　但如果有两到三个候选人都在争取升职，而且每个人的能力都相当，经理就会提拔他或她最喜欢的人。A. candidate候选人；B. interviewee参加面试者；C. employer雇主；D. champion冠军。故选A。 11．D　当候选人的能力相当时，经理将会提拔他或她最喜欢的人。A. normal正常的；B. academic学术的；C.harmful 有害的；D. similar相似的。故选D。 12．B　经理将会提拔他或她最喜欢的人，这是人的天性。A. action行动；B. nature天性；C. personality个性；D. potential潜力。故选B。 13．D　根据下文中的“others”可知，此处指一些人对工作和成功的条件有一种理想主义的看法。A. few很少；B. all所有；C. no没有；D. some一些。故选D。 14．D　还有一些人将政治与奉承联系在一起。A. isolate孤立；B. combine结合；C. separate分开；D. associate联想，联系。故选D。 15．C　他们担心，如果他们为自己说话，可能会被认为是在讨好老板。A. pretend假装；B. agree同意；C. appear看起来；D. refuse拒绝。故选C。 Ⅳ.语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In recent years, “patient escorts(陪护)” has appeared as a new industry, and those who have taken on this career 1．__are_known__(know) as “people who sell time”. Zhang Tian, a 26­year­old girl, is one of them. “I get up at 6 a．m., arrive at the hospital one hour 2．__earlier__(early) to help patients check in, and escort patients during consultations. Being patient and 3．__energetic__(energy) is the basic requirements for a hospital escort，” Zhang Tian said. “In fact, a hospital escort cares for not only patients’ physical health, but also their mental well­being.” Zhang Tian used to work in the Internet industry but ever since she hit a wall in her career, she 4．__has_been__(be) a professional hospital escort. The memory of her first task is still alive and fresh in her mind. “I received 5．__a__ phone call on September 9 from a man 6．__whose__ father was seriously ill and might need surgery，” Zhang Tian said. All through the next day, Zhang Tian helped the elderly man with his consultations and treatment. “Later, the family expressed 7．__their__(they) gratitude to me over and over again, 8．__warming__(warm) my heart and giving me a sense of achievement，” Zhang added. Although in the eyes of others, this is not a decent job, Zhang Tian regards this job as her startup. “I 9．__actually__(actual) think there will be a greater demand 10．__for__ such services in the future. I also want to expand my services in the future, such as cooking food for the elderly and travelling with the elderly，” she said. 【语篇解读】 文章通过章天的例子介绍了“病人陪护”这一新的行业。 1．are known　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：近年来，“病人陪护”作为一个新的行业出现了，从事这一职业的人被称为“出卖时间的人”。 分析句子结构可知，and连接两个并列句，空处作后一句的谓语，主语those表示复数，和谓语动词know之间是动宾关系，且根据语境可知，此处说明现实情况，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。此处也可将be known as视为固定结构，意为“被称为”。故填are known。 2．earlier　考查比较级。句意：我早上6点起床，提前一小时到达医院帮助患者办理入住手续，并在会诊时陪护患者。这里表示提前一小时，应用比较级。故填earlier。 3．energetic　考查形容词。句意：耐心和精力充沛是医院陪护的基本要求。空处应用形容词，和patient一起作being的表语。故填energetic。 4．has been　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：章天曾在互联网行业工作，但自从事业碰壁后，她就成了一名专业的医院陪护。根据时间状语从句“ever since she hit a wall in her career”可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语为she，谓语动词用单数形式。故填has been。 5．a　考查冠词。句意：9月9日，我接到一个男人的电话，他的父亲病重，可能需要手术。此处泛指“一个电话”，且phone以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 6．whose　考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a man，且和father之间是所属关系，表示“这个男人的父亲”。故填whose。 7．their　考查代词。句意：后来，这家人一遍又一遍地对我表示感谢，这温暖了我的心，给了我成就感。根据空后的“gratitude”可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词their，作定语。故填their。 8．warming　考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处应用非谓语动词，和后面“giving．..”构成并列结构。这家人的感谢温暖了她，此处表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语。故填warming。 9．actually　考查副词。句意：事实上，我认为未来对这类服务的需求会更大。这里应用副词作状语修饰动词think。故填actually。 10．for　考查介词。句意同上。a demand for．..为固定搭配，意为“对……的需求”。故填for。 Ⅴ.应用文写作 假定你是李华，打算应聘你校英语报Youth的编辑，请用英语写一封应聘信，内容包括： 1．Youth对你的影响；2.个人优势。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式作答。 One possible version： Dear Dir/Madam, Hearing that some editors are needed for Youth, I’m writing to apply for the post. I’m Li Hua, a student from Senior Three. As an English lover, I have been reading Youth since I became a student here. I have learnt a lot about English learning skills and foreign culture by reading it. Being good at English writing, I am sure that I will be capable of doing well as an editor. Besides, I once worked as the chief editor of an English newspaper, which I believe will be helpful for the job. I would appreciate it if my application could be taken into consideration. Looking forward to your reply. 　 Yours sincerely, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$