高效作业3 Unit 1 Period Ⅲ Using Language-【精彩三年】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册课程探究与巩固Word教参（人教版2019）

高效作业3 [Period Ⅲ　Using Language](见学生用书P149) [语言基础巩固] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Go and __fetch__(去请来) a doctor. There’s a man who is seriously ill. 2．Your guidance is just like a __lamp__(灯), lighting the way I’m heading. 3．When she thought she heard someone following her, she quickened her __pace__(步伐). 4．I was suddenly __gripped__(抓紧) by fear at the thought that Mattie was still suffering from the extreme cold outside. 5．It’s a pity that I have only got some __hazy__(模糊的) memories of my childhood. 6．The scientists based their analyses on the information processed in a __random__(随机的) order. 7．The mayor was criticised for his __inaction__(不作为) on problems affecting the city’s development. 8．The train stopped unexpectedly and we were __jolted__(摇晃) forwards. 9．Being looked down upon made him __explode__(感情爆发) with rage. 10．The job will require you to take advantage of all your skills to the __maximum__(最大限度). 11．A burst of horror held me totally in its power, and I was unable to move an __inch__(英寸). Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．The __division__(divide) of the responsibilities among the officers of the company was spelled out in detail. 2．Keeping the garden tidy all year round can be a __laborious__(labour) task. 3．He is wet from head to toe, __muddy__(mud) all over. 4．This Chinese company has an __urgent__(urge) desire to keep pace with the development of the technology in the developed countries. 5．Obviously, the enemy seemed __stunned__(stun) by the suddenness of the attack. 6．People heard what might have been an __explosion__(explode) and fled in terror in all directions. 7．For most of us, memory is a mess of __blurred__(blur) and faded pictures of our lives. 8．It would be an __overstatement__(overstate) to say that she deserved to win the race. 9．What took the audience by surprise was that the magician vanished in __a__ puff of smoke. 10．It is a common practice __to_flip__(flip)a coin to decide who will have priority over others. 11．In other words, gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even __superiority__(superior). 12．The winning numbers are __randomly__(random) selected by computer. Ⅲ. 短语填空 1．She found herself __in_conflict_with__(与……冲突)her parents over her future career. 2． Before we make the final decision, we’d better weigh up the __pros_and_cons__(事物的利与弊). 3．The girl thinks her computer __is_superior_to__(比……更高级的) her best friend’s. 4．I hold the firm belief that Mary was the ideal person to __take_over__(接管) the job. 5．The vacation is around the corner and I __have_an_urge_to__(有强烈的欲望做某事) travel. 6．If you stick to taking this medicine, I assure you that all your symptoms will __fall_away__(消失). 7．Even the students who used to dislike English have __turned_out__(结果是) to be interested in the subject. 8．It is better to read a few books carefully than to read many __at_random__(随便地). Ⅳ.完成句子 1．她惊讶地发现这个国家可以随意与其他国家发生冲突。(conflict with) She was stunned to find this country could __conflict_with_other_countries_at_random__． 2．是我侄女去办公室给我拿手帕的。(It is．..that) __It_was_my_niece_who/that__ went to the office __to_fetch__ the handkerchief for me. 3．不出所料，这项工作比我们想象的更具挑战性。(turn out) As expected, the job __turned_out_to_be__ far more challenging than we had thought. 4．是约翰打破了窗户。为什么你说得好像是我干得似的？(as if, do) It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me __as_if_I_had_done__ it? 5．随着信心逐渐消失，消费者把更多的钱留在口袋里。 __With_confidence_falling_away__， consumers keep more of their cash in their pockets.(with复合结构) [话题语篇提升] Ⅴ.阅读理解 A From classic books like A Wrinkle in Time to classic movies like Back to the Future, children and adults both have been fascinated by the concept of time travel for hundreds of years. But is it even possible? Time travel sounds simple: you just move back and forth between different points in time like you would between different points in space. You could jump forward into the future, or you can jump back to sometime in the past. Exactly how would this be done? Most artistic works that feature time travel finish it with the help of a special device usually called a time machine. The time machine features whatever technology has been developed to transport people successfully to other points in time. But could time travel really happen? Some scientists believe that parts of Albert Einstein’s theories of special and general relativity might allow for the possibility of time travel. These theories are complex and very hard to understand. They involve unusual astronomical things like black holes and wormholes. Travelling faster than the speed of light might also be required. It can be fun, though, to think about what problems might be presented by time travel. It may create an absurd situation. For example, let’s say that you travel back in time to the day when your parents met. What if your showing up on the day when your parents met caused a ripple(连锁反应) in time that led to them not meeting? If they had never met, you would never have been born. If you had never been born, how could you ever exist to travel back in time to cause the problem you just caused? Though it may sound confusing, we hope that any scientist who ever manages to make time travel possible works out these problems in advance. (　B　)1．What kind of film is Back to the Future most probably? A．An action film. B．A fantasy film. C．A historical film. D．A romantic film. (　C　)2．What does the author mainly do in Paragraph 2? A．Add a topic. B．Give an example. C．Explain a concept. D．Make a conclusion. (　C　)3．What is some scientists’ judgement on the possibility of time travel based on? A．Previous similar cases. B．Accurate scientific research. C．Some scientific theories. D．Advanced space technology. (　D　)4．What does the author think of time travel? A．It will certainly come true one day. B．It is an possible and absurd idea. C．It will change some historical events. D．It may cause confusion with time and space. 【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了时间旅行的可能性和本身存在的问题，并期待时间旅行本身的问题得到解决。 1．B　推理判断题。根据第一段“From classic books like A Wrinkle in Time to classic movies like Back to the Future, children and adults both have been fascinated by the concept of time travel for hundreds of years. But is it even possible？(从《时间的皱纹》这样的经典书籍到《回到未来》这样的经典电影，数百年来，儿童和成人都对时间旅行的概念着迷。但这有可能吗？)”可推断出，这一类的电影属于科幻类。故选B。 2．C　主旨大意题。根据第二段“Time travel sounds simple: you just move back and forth between different points in time like you would between different points in space. You could jump forward into the future, or you can jump back to sometime in the past.(时间旅行听起来很简单：你只是在不同的时间点之间来回移动，就像你在不同的空间点之间移动一样。你可以跳到未来，也可以跳到过去的某个时刻。)”可知，本段是对时间旅行这个概念的解释。故选C。 3．C　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Some scientists believe that parts of Albert Einstein’s theories of special and general relativity might allow for the possibility of time travel.(一些科学家认为，阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦的狭义相对论和广义相对论的部分理论可能让时间旅行的可能性成为现实。)”可知，阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦的狭义相对论和广义相对论为时间旅行提供了理论支持。故选C。 4．D　推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，不过，想想时间旅行可能会带来什么问题也会很有趣。这可能会造成一种荒谬的局面。例如：假设你穿越回你父母相遇的那天。如果你在父母见面的那天出现，在时间上引发了连锁反应，导致他们没有见面怎么办？如果他们没有相遇，你就不会出生。如果你从未出生，你怎么可能回到过去造成你刚刚造成的问题？虽然这听起来可能令人困惑，但我们希望任何努力使时间旅行成为可能的科学家都能提前解决这些问题，由此可推知，作者认为时间旅行可能会造成时间和空间的混淆。故选D。 B The science fiction type of entertainment is considered by most to be fathered by Jules Verne(A Journey to the Centre of the Earth and Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea) and H．G. Wells(The Time Machine and The War of the Worlds). Sci­fi, as it is commonly shortened, is a fictional story in which science and technology have a significant influence on the characters and plot. Many such works are guesswork about what the future holds and how scientific findings and technological advances will shape humankind. Writing in the late 1800s, Jules Verne was remarkably successful in his 10 guesses about future technologies of air conditioning, automobiles, the Internet, television, and space travel. Unbelievably, of all places from which to choose, Jules Verne guessed Tampa, Florida, USA as the launching site of the first project to the Moon, which was only 200 kilometres away from the actual 1969 location at Cape Canaveral, Florida. One of the best­known science fiction books is Nineteen Eighty­Four by George Orwell. Published in 1949, it was not meant as a prediction, but as a warning: Orwell was describing what he saw as the outcome of the ideas, trends, and emerging technologies of his time. Many invented terms from this novel have become common in everyday use, such as “big brother” and “doublethink”. Even the author’s name has been made into an adjective—Orwellian—and has become a warning descriptor for situations where privacy is lost and the individual has no power and is completely controlled by the government. Nineteen Eighty­Four was translated into sixty­five languages within five years of its publication, setting a record that still stands. What helps bring science fiction into being is usually a new discovery or innovation. The author creates an analysis of the potential influence and consequences and then wraps it in a pleasant story. For example, the beginning of space exploration was followed a few years later by the Star Trek television programme and movie series. The science fiction author’s self­determined role is to search the world of future possibilities upon the road which we are travelling. (　A　)5．From the first paragraph, we know that science fiction might be ________． A．a forecast of how a new discovery could influence mankind B．a brief review of the present drawbacks of technology C．a thoughtful look at the past and a prediction of the future D．an analysis of how a new technology could be used to harm mankind (　B　)6．Which of the following best describes Nineteen Eighty­Four? A．A prediction of future technologies. B．A warning of unfair and cruel ruling. C．The motive of scientific development. D．An imaginary perfect world of freedom. (　C　)7．From the passage we can learn that ________． A．H.G. Wells predicted the Internet in the late 1800s B．Nineteen Eighty­Four adopted some popular terms C．Star Trek movie series were based on space exploration D．Cape Canaveral was mentioned in Jules Verne’s fiction (　D　)8．According to the author, what is the role of science fiction in society? A．A reference of technology. B．A moral compass. C．A record of scientific development. D．A form of thinking about possibilities. 【语篇解读】 文章讲述了过去的几部科幻小说对现在的预测和影响。 5．A　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Many such works are guesswork about what the future holds and how scientific findings and technological advances will shape humankind.”可知，许多科幻作品都是对未来的猜测，以及科学发现和技术进步将如何塑造人类。由此可知，通过第一段我们可以知道：科幻小说可能是对新发现会如何影响人类的预测。故选A。 6．B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“it was not meant as a prediction, but as a warning(这并不是预测，而是警告)”以及“Even the author’s name has been made into an adjective—Orwellian—and has become a warning descriptor for situations where privacy is lost and the individual has no power and is completely controlled by the government.(就连作者的名字也变成了一个形容词——Orwellian，并成为一个警示性的描述词，用来形容隐私权丧失、个人没有权力、完全被政府控制的情况。)”可知，这部小说是对社会上的不公平和残酷制度的一种警告。故选B。 7．C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“For example, the beginning of space exploration was followed a few years later by the Star Trek television programme and movie series.”可知，《星际迷航》系列就是以太空探险为原型的。故选C。 8．D　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“The science fiction author’s self­determined role is to search the world of future possibilities upon the road which we are travelling.”可知，作者认为科幻小说是对未来可能性的一种看法。故选D。 Ⅵ.七选五 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Harvesting fruit is a very demanding job. If pickers are not available, fruit will rot on the trees. With pickers in short supply in recent years, growers need to quickly find another way to harvest their fruit. 1．__B__ An Israeli company Tevel has developed these flying autonomous robots. The robots fly over a tree and pick fruit with their arms. They are fitted with cameras that use AI to assess the size and colour of the fruit. 2．__A__ In addition, they can collect more fruit than a picker during a given time. 3．__E__ The flying robots are connected to a platform that acts as the power source so that they never run out of power. They will work all day and night in any weather without taking a break. Dozens of these smart robots can be used across an orchard(果园) during the time when the fruit is ready to be harvested. The farmers just need to tell the company how many flying robots they need and how long they will use. 4．__F__ The robots are now picking pears in Israel. The company also plans to add more tasks to the robot’s function. 5．__G__ In the future, fewer people will work on picking and more people will work on managing the robots, analysing the data and making decisions. A．So only the ripe ones are collected. B．Now a new type of robots can come to their help. C．Finding fruit pickers is farmers’ biggest concern. D．They can receive timely information from the robots. E．Another advantage of the robots is that they never feel tired. F．Then the company will transport the robots to their orchards. G．For example, they can be used to cut off branches and water trees. 【语篇解读】 文章主要介绍以色列的Tevel公司开发了可以帮助果农采摘水果的自动飞行机器人。 1．B　根据上文“Harvesting fruit is a very demanding job. If pickers are not available, fruit will rot on the trees. With pickers in short supply in recent years, growers need to quickly find another way to harvest their fruit.(采摘水果是一项很费力的工作。如果没有采摘者，水果会烂在树上。由于近年来采摘者供不应求，种植者需要迅速找到另一种收获水果的方法。)”和下文“An Israeli company Tevel has developed these flying autonomous robots.(以色列的一家公司Tevel开发了这些自动飞行机器人。)”可知，文章接下来要介绍一种可以帮助果农采摘水果的机器人。选项B“现在，一种新型机器人可以帮助他们。”承上启下，符合意境。故选B。 2．A　根据上文“They are fitted with cameras that use AI to assess the size and colour of the fruit.(它们安装了摄像头，使用AI来评估水果的大小和颜色。)”可知，这里说明机器人要采摘什么样的水果。选项A“所以只收集成熟的水果。”与上文构成因果关系。故选A。 3．E　根据下文“The flying robots are connected to a platform that acts as the power source so that they never run out of power. They will work all day and night in any weather without taking a break.(飞行机器人连接到一个平台上，该平台充当电源，因此它们永远不会耗尽电力。它们将在任何天气下没日没夜地工作。)”可知，这一段讲述机器人不会感到累。选项E“机器人的另一个优点是它们从不感到疲劳。”符合语境。故选E。 4．F　根据上文“Dozens of these smart robots can be used across an orchard(果园) during the time when the fruit is ready to be harvested. The farmers just need to tell the company how many flying robots they need and how long they will use.(几十个这样的智能机器人可以在可以采摘水果的时候在整个果园中使用。农民们只需要告诉公司他们需要多少飞行机器人，他们将使用多长时间。)”可知，这一段讲述机器人采摘水果的步骤。选项F“然后公司将把机器人运送到他们的果园。”符合语境。故选F。 5．G　根据上文“The company also plans to add more tasks to the robot’s function.(该公司还计划为机器人的功能增加更多的任务。)”可知，接下来要介绍该公司为机器人增加的任务。选项G“例如，它们可以用来砍掉树枝和给树浇水。”符合语境。故选G。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$