Unit 1 Period Ⅲ Using Language-【精彩三年】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册课程探究与巩固Word教参（人教版2019）

Period Ⅲ　Using Language(见学生用书P19) There is no science that is completely divorced from life. 没有一种科学是同生活绝对脱离的。 1．__pros_and_cons__事物的利与弊；支持与反对 2．blurred adj.__模糊不清的；难以区分的__ 3．__superior__adj.更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的 4．__superior_to__ 比……更好；更胜一筹 5．__take_over__ 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手 6．inaction n.__无行动；不采取措施__ 7．__conflict_with__ 与……冲突或抵触 8．__labour__ n．劳动(者)；体力劳动 vi.奋斗；努力工作 9．__leather__ n．皮革；[pl.]皮衣；皮外套 10．lever n.__操纵杆；杠杆__ 11．__panel__ n．控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组 12．__inch__ n．英寸(长度单位，等于2.54厘米) 13．__backwards__adv.向后；倒着；往回 14．grip vt.&vi.__紧握；抓紧__ 15．hazy adj.__模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的__ 16．__niece__ n．侄女；外甥女 17．__fetch__ vt.(去)拿来；(去)请来 18．__handkerchief__ n．手帕；纸巾 19．__lamp__ n．灯；台灯 20．__turn_out__关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是 21．__pace__n．速度；步伐；节奏 vt.&vi.确定速度；调整节奏 22．__fall_away__(逐渐)减少；消失 23．__division__ n．分开；分隔；差异；除(法) 24．puff n.__(烟、气等的)一缕；少量；喘息__ 25．__urge__ n．强烈的欲望；冲动　vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐 26．__have_an_urge_to__有强烈的欲望做某事 27．__random__ adj.随机的；不可思议的 28．__maximum__ adj.最大极限的n.最大量；最大限度 29．__explode__ vi.&vt.爆炸；爆破 30．jolt n.__震动；摇晃；颠簸__ vt.&vi.__(使)震动；摇晃__ 31．flip vt.&vi.__(使)快速翻转；(用手指)轻抛__ 32．stun vt.__使震惊；使昏迷__ 33．__mud__ n．泥；泥浆 34．overstatement n.__夸大；夸张__ Step 1　Pre­writing What would you do if you could time travel? __答案不唯一，合理即可。__ Step 2　While­writing 1．输入为先，阅读梳理文脉 Task：文本整体理解，关注布局谋篇 (　A　)(1)What’s the main idea of the passage? A．A time traveller’s experience/adventure through the Time Machine. B．An introduction to the Time Machine. C．The reasons for the time travel. D．A biography of the science fiction writer H．G.Wells. (2)Read the passage and try to figure out the main idea of each part. (3)Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer. (　C　)①How did the Time Traveller first know he had travelled through time? A．The laboratory remained exactly the same as it had been before. B．His niece told him. C．The clock on the wall indicated a time in the future. D．The Time Machine told him. (　D　)②What happened to the Time Traveller’s niece? A．She moved like a rocket in the laboratory. B．She came to help the Time Traveller. C．She saw the Time Traveller travel in the Time Machine. D．She was looking for something in the laboratory for a little while. (　B　)③Why did the Time Traveller feel strange and unpleasant during the time travel? A．Because the Time Machine had been poorly designed. B．Because he was travelling through time at such a high speed. C．Because he suffered from the time lag. D．Because he was feeling the time travel sick. (　D　)④Why was the Time Traveller worried about stopping the machine? A．Because he would lose control of the machine. B．Because the machine would explode as a bomb. C．Because the machine moved so fast that he couldn’t stop it. D．Because it might bring about dangers. (　B　)⑤What did the Time Traveller meet when he stopped? A．A dinosaur. B．A storm. C．A volcano. D．The explosion of a bomb. 2．细读课文，关注表达策略 学技巧 1．文章按照时间顺序详细描述了主人公时间旅行的经历。在表达中使用了then，now，but，and等过渡词，使得文章条理清晰。 2．语篇在选材和叙述手法上深入浅出，注重激发读者的情感共鸣。 学语言 1．In sci­fi stories，robots often become superior and take over.在科幻小说故事中，机器人往往会变得更高级并接管一切。(教材P6) superior adj.(better in quality than sb/sth else; greater than sb/sth else)更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的；高傲的，傲慢的，有优越感的；高品质的 n. 上司，上级 be superior to比……更好/更胜一筹（to为介词） 【归纳拓展】 be inferior to比……更差；比……稍逊一筹 be senior to比……年长；比……地位高 be junior to比……年轻；比……地位低 superior与to搭配构成比较级，表示“比……更好”，to不可用than替换。 【活学活用】 (1)She was chosen for the job because she was the __superior__ candidate. 她被选中做这项工作，因为她是更好的人选。 (2)The human mind will always be __superior_to__ machines because machines are only tools of human minds. 人类的大脑将永远优越于机器，因为机器仅仅只是人脑的工具。 (3)I am three years __senior_to__ him while you are three years __junior_to__ him. 我比他大三岁，而你比他小三岁。 (4)These oranges __are_inferior_to__ those I bought last week. 这些橘子没我上星期买的好。 (5)写出下列各句中superior的中文意思。 ①A few years ago it was virtually impossible to find superior coffee in local shops. __高品质的__ ②I’ve personally never subscribed to the view that either sex is superior to the other.__占优势的__ ③The soldier was reported to his superior officer for failing in his duty. __(在级别或重要性上)更高的__ ④I can’t stand Amanda—she’s so superior.__高傲的，傲慢的__ ⑤I will pass your complaint on to my superiors. __上级，上司__ 【写作佳句】 This model is technically superior to its competitors. 这一款式在技术上超过了与之竞争的商品。 take over占上风；取而代之；接管；接手 【归纳拓展】 take up占据(一定的时间或空间)；开始从事；改短(衣服) take sth apart 拆开(机器等)，拆卸 take off脱下(衣服)；起飞；开始走红，突然开始成功 take in欺骗；领会；收留(某人)；吸入，吞入 take on呈现，露出；雇用 take down拆掉；拆除；写下，记下 【活学活用】 (1)Try not to let negative thoughts take over. 尽量别被消极的想法左右。 (2)The manager announced at the meeting that Mr Black would __take_over__ his job and deal with everyday affairs in the company when he was absent. 经理在会议上宣布他不在的时候，布莱克先生将接管他的工作，处理公司的日常事务。 (3)用take的相关短语填空。 ①The village has __taken_on__ a new look thanks to the good economic policies. ②The more fat you __take_in__ before bedtime, the greater burden you will put on your body at night. ③Smartphones not only __take_up__ our valuable time, but also do great harm to our health. ④The statues were __taken_down__ piece by piece, moved and rebuilt in a new place. ⑤The new product has quickly __taken_over__ the whole market due to its superior quality. 【写作佳句】 Technology is here to help us, but we should not allow it to take over our lives. 科技是来帮助我们的，但我们不应该让它控制我们的生活。 2．A ROBOT MUST OBEY THE ORDERS GIVEN IT BY HUMAN BEINGS EXCEPT WHERE SUCH ORDERS WOULD CONFLICT WITH THE FIRST LAW.机器人必须服从人类的命令，除非这些命令与第一定律相抵触。(教材P7) conflict with 与……冲突或抵触 (1)conflict v．&n.矛盾，冲突，抵触 in conflict with　和……有矛盾，与……冲突 come into conflict with和……冲突，与……有分歧 bring sb into conflict with 使某人与……发生争执 (a)conflict over关于……的冲突 (2)conflicting adj. 相互矛盾的；相冲突的 【活学活用】 (1)The boy pulled the boat’s head round in order to avoid the conflict __with__ the boat in front of him. 这个男孩为了避免同前面的小船相撞而掉转了船头。 (2)His outspoken views would frequently bring him __into__ conflict with the president. 他直言不讳的观点经常使他与总统发生争执。 (3)There are cases in which these rules come __into__ conflict with one another. 在有些情况下，这些规定相互矛盾。 (4)Your statement is __in__ conflict with the rest of the evidence. 你的陈述同其余证据相矛盾。 (5)单句语法填空。 ①The policy didn’t receive recognition and caused a number of __conflicts__(conflict) within the party. ②We know of around 1，000 small conflicts __over__ water in this province alone. ③I was totally confused because they presented me with __conflicting__ (conflict)accounts of what happened. ④The results of the new research would seem to conflict __with__ existing theories. 【写作佳句】 I’d like to know when the course starts and how long it lasts, hoping that it won’t conflict with my schedule. 我想知道课程什么时候开始，持续多长时间，希望它不会和我的时间表冲突。 3．I had a strong urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes！我有一种强烈的欲望去看看眼前闪现的那些随机的东西！(教材P8) urge n．(a strong desire to do sth)强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐 (1)urge sb to do sth催促/力劝某人做某事 urge sth on/upon sb向某人极力陈述某事 (2)urge that．.. (should)＋动词原形 催促/极力主张…… It is urged that．.. (should) do sth.坚决要求……做某事。 (3)have an urge to do sth有做某事的冲动 (4)urgent adj.紧急的；紧迫的 in urgent need of亟需…… (5)urgency n．紧迫性；急迫 【活学活用】 (1)The people in the earthquake­stricken area are in urgent need of food, medicine and shelter. 地震灾区的人们亟需食物、药品和住处。 (2)Our teacher urges us __to_study__(study) hard with the National College Entrance Examination drawing near. 随着高考的临近，我们的老师敦促我们努力学习。 (3)It is strongly urged by students that the library __(should)be_kept__(keep) open during the weekend. 学生们强烈要求图书馆周末开放。 (4)He said that he had __an__ urge to open a department store of his own. 他说他想开一家自己的百货商店。 (5)单句语法填空。 ①They are working with increasing __urgency__(urgent) to find a solution. ②They must __urgently__(urgent) develop a method for establishing partnerships with other companies. ③She felt __an__ overwhelming urge to tell someone about what had happened. 【写作佳句】 I was sick with fear, but the thought of the consequences urged me on. 我吓得要死，但一想到后果，我就只有往前走。 4．Night came as if a lamp was being turned out，and in another moment came the day.夜幕降临，仿佛一盏灯熄灭了，转眼间，白天降临了。(教材P8) turn out关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是；生产 【归纳拓展】 (1)turn out well/badly/all right 结果很好/很糟/好转 turn out to be＋adj./n. 结果是/原来是…… (2)It turns out that．.. 结果是/原来是……(用于主语从句) as it turned out 结果证明(用于定语从句) (3)turn up出现，露面；调高(音量等) turn over翻转；移交 turn down调低(音量等)；拒绝 turn to转向；翻到；求助于 turn in上交；交还 turn around 转身 turn(．..) into．..(使……)变成…… 【巧学助记】 Fred wanted to turn on the TV so he turned to his father, but his request was turned down by his father. He had to focus on his lessons and turned in his homework on time the next day. His father’s decision turned out to be wise. 弗雷德想打开电视，于是他求助于他的父亲，但他的要求被他的父亲拒绝了。 他必须集中精力于功课，第二天按时交作业。 他父亲的决定结果被证明是明智的。 【活学活用】 (1)The salesman proudly told us that the factory had the ability to __turn_out__ 1，000 cars a week. 销售员自豪地告诉我们这家工厂有能力一周生产1 000辆车。 (2)I sincerely hope your trip in China will __turn_out__ to be the most unforgettable experience in your life. 我真诚地希望你的中国之行是你一生中最难忘的经历。 (3)It __turned_out__ that she had known him when they were children. 原来她和他从小就认识。 (4)用turn的相关短语填空。 ①We arranged to meet at 7：30 in the morning, but she never turned __up__． ②The local government is taking action to turn the school __into__ a good shelter for all the pupils. ③He heard a voice but when he turned __around__， he saw nobody. ④Why did she turn __down__ your invitation? Go and ask her for reasons. ⑤You can turn __to__ your teacher if you have difficulty in learning English grammar. 【写作佳句】 From this experience, I learn that things will turn out much easier if I make the effort to communicate, which will definitely guide me onto the right track and prepare me for a better future. 从这次经历中，我学到：如果我努力去沟通，事情会变得更容易，这一定会引导我走上正确的道路，为我更好的未来做准备。 【句型公式】 as if引导方式状语从句 【句型解读】 (1)as if(＝as though)意为“仿佛；好像”，引导表语从句时，常放在be、look、seem、sound、smell、feel等系动词之后。 (2)as if/as though既可以引导表语从句，也可以引导方式状语从句，意为“仿佛，好像”。 as if/as though引导的从句所表示的情况是事实或有很大可能性实现时，通常用陈述语气；当其所表示的情况不是事实，而是主观的想象或夸大性的比喻时，通常用虚拟语气，其从句时态如下： 与现在事实相反 从句谓语动词用动词的过去式(be动词用were) 与过去事实相反 从句谓语动词用“had＋过去分词” 与将来事实相反 从句谓语动词用“would/could/might/should＋动词原形” 【活学活用】 (1)He is a happy­go­lucky man as if he has no worries and cares in the world. 他是一个乐天派，仿佛在这个世界上他没有任何烦恼和忧愁。(陈述语气) (2)When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it __were_broken__． 当铅笔的一部分在一杯水里的时候，它看上去像断了一样。(与现在事实相反的虚拟语气) (3)Everything in my childhood crowded my mind __as_if/as_though_it_had_just_happened__． 我童年的一切一齐涌上我的心头，仿佛刚刚发生的一样。(与过去事实相反的虚拟语气) (4)I couldn’t move my legs. It was as if they __had_been_stuck_to_the_floor__． 我无法挪动我的两条腿，就好像它们被钉在地板上似的。 (5)He opens his mouth __as_if/as_though_he_would_say_something__. 他张着嘴好像要说什么。(与将来事实相反的虚拟语气) 【写作佳句】 He felt as if he had fallen into a great abyss, and the darkness was like a high mountain pressing him. 他觉得自己仿佛掉进了一个万丈深渊里，黑暗像高山压着他。 温馨说明：课后请完成高效作业3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$