Unit 1 Section Ⅰ Starting out&Understanding ideas-【正禾一本通】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（外研版2019）

Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas 速读明大意 Ⅰ.Skim the text and fill in the blanks. Ⅱ.What's the main idea of the text? The main idea of the text is that Ben was in an awkward situation and Agony Aunt gave him suggestions to help him out． 精读知细节 Choose the best answer according to the text. 1．Which of the following statements is fit for this passage? A．Ben is now in trouble. B．Ben doesn't work well with his teammate. C．Agony Aunt talks to Ben face to face. D．Agony Aunt supports Ben's action. 2．Why does Ben feel let down by his teammate? A．Ben doesn't know his teammate. B．His teammate performs badly on the court. C．Ben doesn't like to work with him. D．His teammate has much experience of basketball. 3．What does Agony Aunt do when she has learned Ben's situation? A．She wishes to look into it further. B．She consults Ben about how to deal with it. C．She objectively analyzes the situation. D．She hopes to help Ben with something. 4．According to Agony Aunt，what is probably the most important for Ben? A．Making a clear communication. B．Knowing himself clearly first. C．Speaking out his mind clearly. D．Turning to the coach for help. 答案：1～4　ABCB 读后悟考点 Ⅰ.扫词汇障碍 熟词 生义 key (Part 1　Para.2) (常见义)n.钥匙→(文章义)adj.最重要的，关键的 approach (Part 2　Para.5) (常见义)v.靠近，接近→(文章义)v.着手处理 构词法 teammate team(团队)＋mate(伙伴)→n.队友 partly part(部分)＋­ly(副词后缀)→adv.部分地 understandable understand(理解)＋­able(可……，能……)→adj.能懂的，可理解的 Ⅱ.破译长难句 [教材1]　I'm crazy about basketball，and pretty good at it too，which is probably why I was so mad when we lost our last match. [分析]　本句为复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句；从句中why引导表语从句；when引导时间状语从句；主句中be crazy about意为“对……着迷”。 [翻译]　我酷爱打篮球，打得也很好，也许正因如此，在我们队输掉上一场比赛时我会如此恼怒。 [教材2]　I was just letting off steam really, because I was so angry, but then my friend went and told everyone else what I'd said. [分析]　本句为并列句，but连接两个并列分句；because I was so angry为because引导的原因状语从句，what I'd said为what引导的宾语从句。 [翻译]　我真的只是发泄一下，因为我很生气，但后来我的朋友把我说的话告诉了其他人。 [教材3]　If you ever want to win any more basketball games (and I'm sure you do！), you need to work together, and that means communicating with each other clearly and resolving conflicts. [分析]　If you ever want to win any more basketball games为if引导的条件状语从句，communicating with each other clearly and resolving conflicts为and连接的两个动名词短语作动词means的宾语。 [翻译]　如果你还想赢得更多的篮球比赛(我相信你肯定想！)，你们需要一起努力，这意味着要明确地相互沟通，解决矛盾。 Ⅲ.学表达技巧 引用 [教材1]　There is an old American saying, “Loose lips sink ships.” [分析]　美国有句老话叫“祸从口出”。首段使用谚语引出下文。引用谚语的常见表达方式还有：A proverb goes/says...；As a proverb goes/says...；As they say...；As the saying goes...等。 [仿写]　尝试引用谚语补全句子 俗话说，成功与失败如影随形。 As the saying goes, success and failure always go hand in hand. 过渡衔接 [教材2]　First, apologise to your teammate...Then, talk to your friend...Thirdly, and perhaps most importantly, think about your own behaviour. [分析]　三条建议分别使用了first，then，thirdly表顺序的衔接词。恰当使用过渡衔接词可使文章脉络走向更为清晰明朗，所以在写作中合理运用过渡词，对写好文章有重要意义。 [仿写]　尝试用过渡衔接词汇补全句子 First/First of all (首先)，you'd better communicate with your teachers regularly. Second/Next (其次)，why not listen to the teacher attentively and take notes carefully so that you can review later？Third (第三)，it's a good idea to do your homework on time soon after school. 心理描写 [教材3]　①Disappointed by his behaviour, I said all this to my best friend. ②Embarrassed and ashamed, I can't concentrate on anything. ③Filled with anger, you tend to say whatever comes to your mind. [分析]　运用“Disappointed”， “Embarrassed and ashamed”和“Filled with anger”表现内心情绪和心理的形容词，使读者深刻体会人物当时的失望、尴尬、羞愧、生气等心情。 [仿写]　尝试用心理描写补全句子 这是一种你不需要失望、尴尬、羞愧或充满愤怒的人生——或者假如是这样的话，那就坦然接受，顺其自然。 It's a life where you don't need to be disappointed, embarrassed, ashamed or filled with anger—or if you are, you accept it, and then let it go. 动 作 链 [教材4]　Take a deep breath, calm down, and always remember: think first, speak later. [分析]　在描写动作时，要学会细化动作，把动作过程分解成一连串细微的动作(2—3个动作)，从而形成动作链，表现出动作的连贯性，使描写具有画面感，人物更立体。 [仿写]　尝试用动作链描写补全句子 我妈妈打开钱包，拿出5美元递给了那个人。 My mom opened the purse, took out five dollars and handed it to the man. 高频词汇练全 fault n．责任，过错；故障；毛病 (1)find fault with 挑……的毛病；对……吹毛求疵 at fault 应当负责；有错的 it is one's (own) fault 那是某人(自己)的错 (2)faulty adj.不完美的，有缺陷的，错误的 faultless adj.无错误的，完美无缺的 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I'm writing to complain about the faulty (fault) shirt bought from your shop. ②他是那种总是挑别人毛病的人。(人物描写) He is such a man who is always finding fault with other people. ③不是我的错为什么要我道歉？ Why should I say sorry when it's not my fault? breath n．一口气；呼出的气；呼吸 (1)hold one's breath 屏住呼吸 take a breath 吸一口气 out of breath 上气不接下气(表状态) lose one's breath 喘不过气来(表动作) (2)breathe vi.& vt.呼吸；呼出 breathe in 吸气 breathe out 呼气 【练透】　单句语法填空/补全语段 ①On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe (breath) in the sweet scent of fresh flowers.(选自人教B2U4) ②小男孩深吸了一口气，屏住呼吸，然后跳入水中。过了一会儿，他把头伸出水面；他似乎上气不接下气，但很快他设法吸了几口空气，使自己平静了下来。 The little boy took a deep breath and held his breath before he dived into the water.After a moment, he put his head out of the water; it seemed as if he was out of breath, but soon he managed to breathe in some air to calm himself down. concern n．忧虑，担心；担心的事；关爱，关怀 (1)show/express concern about/for 对……表示关心/担心 (2)concerned adj.有关的；焦急的，担忧的 be concerned about/for... 为……担心/关心 be concerned with... 与……有关；对……感兴趣，关注 as/so far as...be concerned 就……而言；在……看来 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Some people are only concerned (concern) with their online popularity—How many “likes” did I get? (选自北师B2U4) ②我的英语老师很关心我，我感到很温暖。(人物介绍) My English teacher showed/expressed great concern about/for me and I felt very warm. ③在我看来，教育工作者应该关心与儿童健康成长有关的问题。 As far as I am concerned, educators should be concerned about/for the problems that are concerned with the healthy growth of the children. 【点拨】　concerned用作形容词时意为“担忧的，关心的”；用作后置定语意为“相关的，有关的”。 help out 帮一把 (1)help sb.(to) do sth./help sb.with sth. 帮某人做某事 help oneself to 自便 can't help but do sth.＝can't help doing sth. 忍不住做某事，情不自禁做某事； 不可避免做某事 (2)with the help of 在……的帮助下 be of great help/be very helpful 非常有帮助 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①As I held my father's hands one night，noticing their roughness，I couldn't help crying (cry). ②他热心肠、心地善良，总是愿意帮别人一把。(人物描写) He is warm­hearted，kind­hearted, and always willing to help others out． ③我的同桌总是帮助我学习英语，告诉我一些有用的策略。正是在她的慷慨帮助下，我在英语方面取得了很大的进步。 My deskmate always helps me with my English study，telling me some helpful strategies.It is with her generous help that I have made great progress in English. let down 使失望，辜负 let alone 更不用说 let sb.alone 不打扰某人；别管某人 let sb.in 让某人进来 let out 发出(声音)；泄露 let go of 放开 【练透】　用右侧let相关短语完成句子 ①污染对每个人的健康都有负面影响，更不用说对环境的破坏了。(环境保护) Pollution has a negative effect on the health of everyone，let alone the damage to the environment. ②当我遇到困难时，他并没有帮我一把，这让我很失望。 When I met with difficulty，he didn't help me out，which let me down． ③他心情不好，我们最好别打扰他了。 He's in a very bad mood.We'd better let him alone． 中频词汇练会 Ⅰ.一词多义 1．根据语境选出steam的含义 A．vi.疾走　B．n.水蒸气； 蒸汽；水汽　C．vi.冒蒸汽　D．vt.蒸煮(食物) ①Steam rose from the boiling kettle. B ②She is steaming fish for supper. D ③He saw her steaming down the corridor towards him. A ④The kettle was steaming on the stove. C 2．根据语境选出sink的含义 A．n.水池， 水槽　B．vt.降低　C．vi.沉没　D．vi.心情沉重或低落 ①The ship struck against the rocks and sank. C ②The dirty dishes are in the sink. A ③His heart sank at the thought of war. D ④He sank his voice to a whisper. B 3．根据语境选出resolve的含义 ①The difficulties in her way merely strengthened her resolve. A ②We must find a way to resolve these problems before it's too late. C ③She resolved to report the matter to the hospital's nursing manager. B Ⅱ.熟词生义——猜测句中加黑词汇的词性及含义 ①The prince raised his arrow, turned towards the strange­looking rabbit and loosed his hand.vt.释放，松开 ②She signaled that he was about to turn left.vt.发信号 重点句式练透 句型公式：why引导表语从句 (教材原文)I'm crazy about basketball, and pretty good at it too, which is probably why I was so mad when we lost our last match.我对篮球很着迷，而且我也很擅长打篮球，这可能就是为什么我们上一场比赛输了后我会如此生气。 why引导表语从句，强调结果，常用于句型That's why...，意为“那就是……的原因”。用于表示“原因”的句型： (1)That/This is because... 那是因为…… (表语从句表示原因) (2)That/This is why... 那就是……的原因(表语从句表示结果) (3)The reason why...is that... ……的原因是…… 【练透】　一句多译 我不能来的原因是我必须为即将到来的考试做准备。 ①I can't come and that's because I have to prepare for the coming exam. ②I have to prepare for the coming exam and that's why I can't come. ③The reason why I can't come is that I have to prepare for the coming exam. 句型公式：形容词(短语)作状语 (教材原文)Embarrassed and ashamed, I can't concentrate on anything. 我既尴尬又羞愧，做什么事都不能集中精力。 Embarrassed and ashamed是形容词短语作状语，说明主语的状态。形容词或形容词短语作状语的用法如下： (1)形容词或形容词短语可作原因、时间、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随等状语。 (2)形容词或形容词短语作状语时，常用来说明句子主语的状态，即其逻辑主语是句子的主语，可构成系表结构。 (3)形容词或形容词短语作状语时，其位置比较灵活，可位于句首或句末，有时也可位于句中。【练透】　句式升级 ①They were excited and moved，so they wept and hugged each other.(兴奋心理描写) →Excited and moved，they wept and hugged each other.(形容词短语作状语) ②I was afraid of not finding our way to the farm.I sat beside a tree and held my shoulders in my arms tightly.(恐惧心理描写) →Afraid of not finding our way to the farm，I sat beside a tree and held my shoulders in my arms tightly.(形容词短语作状语) ③He was unable to contain his anger.He turned and shouted in anger, “Who on earth broke the vase？”(情绪＋动作描写) →Unable to contain his anger, he turned and shouted in anger, “Who on earth broke the vase？” (形容词短语作状语) (时间：45分钟　满分：100分) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.单词拼写(每题1分，共8分) 1．In an electric power plant, the heat converts water into high­pressure steam (蒸汽). 2．Use a locker to store your things.Wear loose (宽松的) and comfortable clothing. 3．As the outside of the star sinks (下沉) toward the centre, the star gets smaller and smaller. 4．It's my fault (错误) for not making your new job clearer. 5．I've resolved (决定) to put those people I love before everything from now on. 6．If your strategy (策略) succeeds, you will make great progress in your study. 7．Within a couple of days, brains learn to ignore the signals (信号) from the inner ear, and space sickness disappears. 8．You can also share your concerns (担忧) with others and find ways to promote environmental education. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每题2分，共16分) 1．I don't work here.I just help out at the moment. 2．I hope you won't let down my expectation. 3．At that time I just concentrated (concentrate) on getting there—still one­legged. 4．It's partly (part) true that Dickens' style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life. 5．I personally would be more concerned (concern) for a young man who has to become independent. 6．The doctor told her to breathe in deeply and then breathe (breath) out. 7．When you feel nervous, it is good for you to take a deep breath to get relaxed. 8．The reason why he was late was that he slept too late last night. Ⅲ.完成句子/句式升级/同义句转换/一句多译(每题4分，共24分) 1．在我看来，父母太过关心他们孩子的未来了。 As far as I am concerned, parents are too concerned about/for the future of their children. 2．他病得很严重。那就是他被立即送往医院的原因。 He was seriously ill.That's why he was sent to the hospital immediately. 3．I was surprised and happy and just stood there, holding the notes in my hands. →Surprised and happy, I just stood there, holding the notes in my hands.(形容词短语作状语) 4．If he wants to go to Hong Kong tonight, he has no choice but to go by air. →If he wants to go to Hong Kong tonight, he can't help but go by air. 5．Motorists could lose their no­claims discount (无索赔赠金), even if they are not to blame in an accident. →Motorists could lose their no­claims discount, even if they are not at fault in an accident. 6．与一个值得信赖的朋友或家人谈论这些感受会很有用。 ①It can be very helpful to talk about these feelings with a trusted friend or a family member. (it作形式主语，helpful) ②It can be of great help to talk about these feelings with a trusted friend or a family member.(it作形式主语，help n．) Ⅳ.课文语法填空(每题1分，共10分) Ben is in 1.a total mess now.They lost a basketball match and he thought the team 2.were let (let) down by one member.But his best friend shared his 3.disappointment (disappoint) with others. Now Ben is turning 4.to Agony Aunt for help.Agony Aunt shared an old saying，“Loose lips sink ships.” She advised Ben 5.to apologise (apologise) to his teammate first 6.and talk to his friend because friendship is one of the 7.greatest (great) things in the world.And most 8.importantly (important), Ben should think about his own behaviour.9.Filled (fill) with anger, we tend to speak out our opinions quickly without thinking clearly.Agony Aunt suggested Ben raise his 10.concerns (concern) with his team coach. Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题4分，共32分) A At thirteen, I was diagnosed (诊断) with a kind of attention disorder.It made school difficult for me.When everyone else in the class was focusing on tasks, I could not. In my first literature class, Mrs.Smith asked us to read a story and then write about it, all within 45 minutes.I raised my hand right away and said, “Mrs.Smith, you see, the doctor said I have attention problems.I might not be able to do it.” She glanced down at me through her glasses, “You are not different from your classmates, young man.” I tried, but I didn't finish the reading when the bell rang.I had to take it home. In the quietness of my bedroom, the story suddenly all became clear to me.It was about a blind person, Louis Braille.He lived in a time when the blind couldn't get much education.But Louis didn't give up.Instead, he invented a reading system of raised dots, which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind. Wasn't I the “blind” one in my class, being made to learn like the “sighted” students? My thoughts flowed and my pen started to dance.I completed the task within 40 minutes.Indeed, I was not different from others; I just needed a quieter place.Now that Louis could find his way out of his problems, why should I ever give up? I didn't expect anything when I handed in my paper to Mrs.Smith, so it was quite a surprise when it came back to me the next day—with an “A” on it.At the bottom of the paper were these words: “See what you can do when you keep trying.” [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。作者患上了注意力障碍症，无法完成老师布置的作业，但在老师的鼓励下，通过自己的努力完成了任务，得到了A，受到了老师的表扬。这说明通过努力，我们可以找到克服困难的方法。 1．Why did the author fail to finish class reading? A．He had poor reading skills. B．He was tired of literature. C．He had an attention disorder. D．He wanted to take the task home. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第一段“At thirteen, I was diagnosed with a kind of attention disorder.It made school difficult for me.When everyone else in the class was focusing on tasks, I could not.”可知，作者患了注意力障碍症，无法集中注意力于某件事情。所以他无法在课堂上集中注意力完成老师布置的阅读任务。故选C。 2．What do we know about Louis Braille from the text? A．He was poor. B．He was very creative. C．He was near­sighted. D．He was well­educated. 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“Instead, he invented a reading system of raised dots, which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind.”可知，他为盲人发明出一种阅读方法，所以他是有创造力的。故选B。 3．What was Mrs.Smith's attitude to the author at the end of the story? A．Angry. B．Impatient. C．Supportive. D．Negative. 解析：选C。观点态度题。根据最后一段“I didn't expect anything...‘See what you can do when you keep trying.’”可知，最后作者的文章得到了A等级，受到了老师的表扬。由此推知，老师对作者的态度是“支持的”。故选C。 4．What does the text mainly want to tell us? A．The blind should be treated with respect. B．Teachers can open up a new world to students. C．Everyone needs a hand when faced with challenges. D．One can find his way out of difficulties with efforts. 解析：选D。文章大意题。全文讲述了作者患上了注意力障碍症，在课堂上无法集中注意力，无法完成老师布置的作业。但他克服了困难，通过自己的努力完成了任务，得到了A，受到了老师的表扬。结合最后一段的“ At the bottom of the paper were these words：‘See what you can do when you keep trying.’”可知，本文的主题是人们可以通过努力找到摆脱困境的方法。故选D。 B Freshman year of high school is a big transition (过渡) for any student. Luckily，you're not the only person going through this，and plenty of others have made the transition before you too. One of the ways in which high school is different from middle school or junior high is the higher expectations.You'll find that you're expected to keep closer track of your own schedule and responsibilities with fewer people checking up on you.At the same time，your classes are likely to become more challenging，and you might be participating in new school activities as well. Some students find it hard to keep up with everything at first，which is totally normal.One way to prepare in advance for these higher expectations is to make sure that you have organized schedules in place before you start high school. Another important skill for meeting these higher expectations is building a strong support network.No matter how strong a student you are，at some point you will need some help.Keeping healthy relationships with your friends and teachers is a great way to make sure that you have people who are willing to help when you need them. Try to get to know at least some of your teachers beyond your classroom communication.Be an active learner during class and stay after class to ask questions.Take advantage of email or class messaging systems.The better your teachers know you，the better prepared they'll be to help when you need them. It's important for you to keep in mind as you start high school that no one is perfect. Transitions are hard for everyone，and starting high school is a big transition.These challenges provide a great chance to reinvent yourself. [语篇解读]本文是说明文。主要阐述了学生进入高一之后应该如何做好过渡。 5．In the author's view，the biggest difference between high school and middle school is ． A．the higher expectations B．the higher pressure C．high academic achievement D．different relationships 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，高中和初中最大的区别是更高的期望值。故选A。 6．Which of the following suggestions is NOT mentioned in the text? A．Careful schedules. B．Healthy relationships. C．Using network information. D．Reinventing yourself. 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，建议提前安排时间表；根据第五段最后一句可知，建议保持健康的人际关系；根据第六段第三句可知，建议利用网络信息，D选项“重塑自我”在原文中最后一段出现，是为说明高一学生处理好所面临的这些挑战的好处，而不属于文章提供的建议。故选D。 7．What is the best title for the text? A.How to Meet Your Teachers' High Expectations B．How to Become an Active Learner in High School C.What to Prepare to Keep up with Everything in High School D．How to Get through the Transition of Freshman Year of High School 解析：选D。标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要阐述了学生进入高一之后应该如何做好过渡，所以“如何度过高中一年级的过渡期”可以作为文章标题。故选D。 8．Who is the text intended for? A．Parents of high school students. B．Teachers in high school. C．Students in Senior One. D．Students in junior school. 解析：选C。读者对象题。根据文章第一段和最后一段可知，本文是写给刚刚开始上高中的高一学生的。故选C。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每题2分，共10分) How to Live a Happier Life Having a happier life is something we all always struggle for, and being happy includes so many aspects—mental，physical and spiritual—of our lives.One of the key principles of having a happier life is to always do things that bring us happiness.1. Consider the following habits to improve your life and make it as happy as you possibly can. Praise others. Be kind to others，like praising them.2. Don't be afraid to tell people how great they look, or how awesome their smiles are.It'll do them good, and do you good too! Focus on the present moment. Take some time every day to focus on the present moment.3. Try not to think about negative past experiences and hug the time you have now.You'll soon find that even the slightest thing that you do at this moment can bring about happiness for many hours and days to come. Learn to control your emotions. 4． And it's definitely not worth the emotions.Don't compromise on your happiness just because someone is trying to pick a fight.Just let it go and be happier. 5． Just before you go to bed, write down at least one wonderful thing that happened.It might be something as small as a child's laugh or something as huge as a million­dollar deal.Whatever it is，be grateful for that day because it will never come again. A．End each day with thankfulness. B．Of course, everyone loves to be happy. C．It is the only certain time we have in our lives. D．It can make people happy and give them confidence. E．It's not worth the argument when your partner is testing your patience. F．So it is important to develop the right habits to ensure we live a happier life. G．Try to set aside a few hours a day, doing something fun to make yourself happy. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。本文就怎样才能生活得更加快乐给出了几点建议。 1．解析：选F。根据上文“One of the key principles of having a happier life is to always do things that bring us happiness.(想要生活得更快乐的一个重要原则就是总是去做能带给我们快乐的事情)”。既然总是要去做这些事情，F选项“So it is important to develop the right habits to ensure we live a happier life.(养成正确的习惯来确保我们生活得更快乐就很重要了)”。符合语境，故选F。 2．解析：选D。本段建议大家夸奖别人。听到别人的夸奖，人们肯定会高兴。D选项“It can make people happy and give them confidence.(这能让人们高兴，增加他们的自信)”。切题，故选D。 3．解析：选C。本段建议大家关注当下。过去的已经无法改变，将来的无法预计，所以当下是“我们生命中唯一确定的时刻”。C项中的It指代the present moment。故选C。 4．解析：选E。本段建议大家学会控制自己的情绪。E选项“It's not worth the argument when your partner is testing your patience.(当你的搭档考验你的耐心时，你不值得为此跟他争论)”符合本段语境。其中的“It's not worth”和下一句中的“it's definitely not worth”相呼应。故选E。 5．解析：选A。根据本段内容可知，作者建议大家睡觉前至少记录一件很棒的事情，而且不管是什么事情都要心怀感激，因为时间不会倒退。由此可以推断，作者建议大家“心怀感激地结束每一天”。A项中的thankfulness与最后一句中的grateful都表示“心怀感激”，是解题 的关键。故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$