Unit 2 Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking-【正禾一本通】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（人教版2019）

Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking 速读明大意 Ⅰ.Skim the text and fill in the blanks. Ⅱ.What's the main idea of the passage? The main idea of the passage is that Dr Lin made great contributions to Chinese medical industry． 精读知细节 Choose the best answer according to the text. 1．Why was Lin Qiaozhi known as “mother of ten thousand babies”？ A．She adopted (收养) and cared for ten thousand babies. B．She opened a lot of kindergartens through her life. C．She delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime. D．She saved ten thousand babies' lives. 2．Lin Qiaozhi played a key role ． A．when she studied in Peking Union Medical College B．when she studied in Europe C．when she studied in the US D．after the People's Republic of China was founded 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Lin Qiaozhi had a good husband. B．Lin Qiaozhi once opened a private clinic to earn more money. C．Lin Qiaozhi retired only two years before she died. D．Lin Qiaozhi devoted all her life to the cause of helping women. 4．How is the passage developed? A．By following time order. B．By following space order. C．By comparing facts. D．By listing numbers. 答案：1～4　CDDA 读后悟考点 Ⅰ.扫词汇障碍 构词法 [教材1]　To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I'm cold, hungry, or tired？ entrust：en­(动词前缀，使……)＋trust (信任)→vt.委托；交付 熟词生义 [教材2]　Though Lin Qiaozhi never married, she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”， having delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime. deliver：[常见义]vt.递送→[文章义]vt.接生 Ⅱ.破译长难句 [教材1]　To a person nothing is more precious than their life，and if they entrust me with that life，how could I refuse that trust，saying I'm cold，hungry，or tired？ [分析]　本句中“nothing(否定词)＋形容词比较级＋than”为比较级形式表达最高级意义；and之后的分句为复合句，其中if引导条件状语从句，“saying I'm cold，hungry，or tired”为现在分词短语作状语。 [翻译]　对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了，如果他们把生命交托给我，我怎么能拒绝这种信任，说我又冷又饿又累呢？ [教材2]　In 1929, Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) with the Wenhai Scholarship, the highest prize given to graduates. [分析]　with the Wenhai Scholarship是介词短语作状语；the highest prize是the Wenhai Scholarship的同位语；“given to graduates”是过去分词短语作the highest prize的定语。 [翻译]　1929年，林巧稚毕业于北京协和医学院并获得文海奖学金，文海奖学金是对毕业生的最高奖励。 [教材3]　She was more interested in tending patients, publishing medical research on care for women and children, and training the next generation of doctors. [分析]　tending, publishing和training是三个并列的动名词作介词in的宾语。 [翻译]　她更感兴趣的是照顾病人，发表妇幼护理医学研究成果，以及培训下一代医生。 Ⅲ.学表达技巧 高级句式 [教材1]　To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life，how could I refuse that trust, saying I'm cold，hungry, or tired? [分析]　“nothing is more precious than”用得恰到好处，突出了生命的重要性，语气表达非常强烈。“nothing is more than”意为“没有什么比……更……的”。 [仿写]　他认为没有什么比获得知识更重要。 He thinks nothing is more important than the acquirement of knowledge. 高级词汇 [教材2]　I'd rather stay single to study all my life! [分析]　句中用would rather表明了林巧稚从医的坚定决心。 [仿写]　刘胡兰在敌人面前宁死不屈。 Liu Hulan would rather die than surrender before the enemy. 人物形象 [教材3]　In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed director of the OB­GYN department of the PUMC Hospital, but just a few months later, the department was closed because of the war. [分析]　句中使用the first，说明了林巧稚在此方面开创了历史先河，突出了她在医学方面的伟大成就。 [仿写]　看到苹果落下的人不计其数，但牛顿是第一个询问为什么的。 Millions saw the apple fall, but Newton was the first one to ask why． 动作描写 [教材4]　And even as she lay dying, her final thoughts were for others. [分析]　句中lay dying非常形象、生动，突出了林巧稚在弥留之际还念念不忘自己为之奋斗了一辈子的事业，这是让她最牵挂的事。 [仿写]　我宁愿把钱花掉而不愿把钱放在银行里。 I'd rather use my money than leave it lying in the bank． 高频词汇练全 complain vi.& vt.抱怨；发牢骚 (1)complain about... 抱怨…… complain (to sb) that... (向某人)抱怨…… complain to sb about sth 向某人抱怨某事 (2)complaint n．投诉， 抱怨， 怨言 make a complaint about 抱怨…… 【练透】　单句语法填空/一句多译 ①The majority of the staff complained to me about the horrible working conditions. ②她向我抱怨他的粗鲁行为。 →She complained to me about his rude behaviour.(complain) →She complained to me that his behaviour was rude.(complain) →She made a complaint to me about his rude behaviour.(complaint) respond vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应；回应 (1)respond to 对……做出回应或反应 sb respond(s) that... 某人回答说…… (2)response n．回答，答复；反应 in response to 响应；答复 make a response to 回答，对……做出回应 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译 ①Don't respond to any emails requesting personal information, no matter how official they look. ②These comments came in response (respond) to specific questions often asked by local newsmen. ③应我们的要求，他回答说我们应该每天听和说汉语。 In response to our request，he responded that we should listen to and speak Chinese on a daily basis. ④她没有回答我的问题，这使我非常生气。 →She made no response to my question, which made me very angry.(response) →She didn't respond to my question, which made me very angry.(respond) 【点拨】　respond to, in response to, make a response to中的to都是介词，后接名词、代词或v.­ing形式。 appoint vt.任命；委派 (1)appoint sb as/to be... 任命某人为…… appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事 (2)appointment n．任命，委派；约定 have an appointment with sb 与某人有约会 make an appointment with sb 预约某人 keep/break an appointment 守/违约(或爽约) 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I had an appointment (appoint) with him yesterday, but now I need to change it. ②我们校长委派我向外国交换生介绍中国的茶艺文化。 (应用文写作之活动安排) Our headmaster appointed me to introduce the Chinese culture of tea arts to foreign exchange students. ③得知被任命为队长后，他欢欣鼓舞地进了家。(读后续写之兴奋情绪描写) Learning he was appointed as head of the team, he couldn't contain his excitement and danced into the house. scared adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌和恐惧的 (1)be scared of sb/sth 害怕某人或某事 be scared to do sth 不敢做某事 be scared to death 吓得要死 (2)scare vt.惊吓； 使害怕 vi.受惊吓 scare away/off 吓走……， 吓跑…… (3)scary adj.恐怖的；吓人的 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It scared him to realize (realize) how close he had come to losing everything.(心理描写) ②My husband and I were scared of being hurt by the fierce bear and thus，our teeth were chattering. ③虽然被吓得要死，麦克还是挣扎着爬起来用尽全力把他的自行车扔向那只可怕的狼。幸运的是，狼被吓跑了，但是他仍然惊魂未定。(读后续写之动作描写) Although he was scared to death，Mac struggled to crawl up and threw his bicycle at the scary wolf with all his strength.Fortunately，the wolf was scared away/off, but he was still in a state of shock. replace vt.接替；取代；更换 (1)replace sth with/by sth 用某物替换某物 replace sb as 取代某人成为…… (2) 代替某人 【练透】　单句语法填空/同义句转换 ①It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced with/by a modern hotel or not. ②I am very pleased to replace/take the place of my colleague to deliver a speech at the opening ceremony. →I am very pleased to deliver a speech at the opening ceremony in place of my colleague/in my colleague's place． ③Nothing can replace face­to­face communication between parents and kids. →Nothing can take the place of face­to­face communication between parents and kids. 中频词汇练会 carry sb through sth 帮助某人渡过难关 carry sth through 成功完成 carry on doing/with... 继续做…… carry out 执行 carry off 成功完成；赢得，获得(奖项) be/get carried away 变得很激动；失去自制力 carry sb back (to sth) 使某人回想起(某事) 【练透】　完成片段 尽管对于这对双胞胎来说实现做一顿母亲节早餐的计划很难，但他们最终成功地完成了。母亲一看到早餐，瞬时激动不已，她的眼睛闪烁着幸福的光芒。美味的早餐使他们回想起了过去一起度过的甜蜜时光。 Although it was difficult for the twins to ①carry out their plan to cook a Mother's Day breakfast，they ②carried it off at last.The moment their mother saw the breakfast，she immediately ③was/got carried away，with her eyes glittering with happiness.The delicious breakfast ④carried them back to their past sweet times they spent together. majority n．大部分；大多数 (1)be in the/a majority 占多数 a/the majority of 大多数…… (2)major v．主修 adj.主要的 n．主修课程 major in 主修……；以……为专业 (3)be in the/a minority 占少数 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I hope to gain a bit more knowledge of gardening so that it can help me to major in the gardening at college. ②Some of the plays told sad stories, but the majority were/was (be) really funny. ③随着期末考试的临近，大多数学生压力很大。 With the final exam approaching, a majority of students are under much pressure． 【点拨】　(1)the majority 单独作主语时，谓语动词使用单数(强调整体)或复数(强调个体)。 (2)the majority of后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数；后接不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；后接集合名词作主语时，若集合名词视为整体，则谓语动词用单数，若集合名词考虑个体，则谓语动词用复数。 tend vt.照顾；照料 vi.倾向；趋于 (1)tend to do sth 易于做某事；往往会发生某事 tend (to) sb/sth 照料/照看…… (2)tendency n．倾向， 趋势 have a tendency to do sth 有做某事的倾向 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①While I tended to buy (buy) these three books, they were given to me as gifts by the bookstore owner, which added to the meaning I attached to them. ②The prices of vegetables are reported to have a tendency (tend) to rise in some cities. ③我们容易在写英语作文时犯错误，所以我写信邀请你给我们作一个关于英语写作的在线讲座。(2022·北京卷应用文写作) We tend to/have a tendency to make mistakes when writing English compositions，so I am writing to invite you to give us an online talk on English writing. sharp adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的 adv.(用于时间后表示准时)整 (1)sharp eyes 敏锐的眼睛 (2)sharply adv.敏锐地；急剧地 sharpen v．削尖；使……清晰；变得清晰 【练透】　语境辨义/单句语法填空 ① Be at my home at six o'clock sharp, not a second before or after.(用于时间后表示准时)整 ②There has been a sharp increase in the price of stainless steel recently.急剧的 ③The price of petrol has risen sharply (sharp) since last month. ④The pencil doesn't write well; I should sharpen (sharp) it before I draw the great figure. 重点句式练透 句型公式：比较级与否定词连用，表示最高级含义 教材原句：To a person nothing is more precious than their life... 对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了…… (1)否定词＋比较级“没有比……更……；没有像……一样……”，常用的否定词有no，not, never, nothing, nobody, hardly等。 (2) any of the other＋复数名词 the rest of＋复数名词或不可数名词 (3) 【练透】　同义句转换/完成句子 ①Tom is taller than any other student in our class. →Tom is taller than all the other students in our class.(all) →Tom is taller than any of the other students in our class.(any) →Tom is taller than the rest of students in our class.(the rest) ②当得知我在写作比赛中获得第一名时，我从来没有这么兴奋过。(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写) When learning that I won the first prize in the writing contest，never had I been more excited． ③过马路时，你越小心越好。 You can never be too careful while crossing the street. 句型公式：the first/last (one/person) to do sth 第一个/最后一个做某事的人 教材原句：She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB­GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. 她很快被聘为北京协和医学院妇产科的第一位女性住院医师。 (1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或前有the next, the only, the last等时，常用不定式短语作后置定语。 (2)动词不定式短语作定语用来修饰的词是抽象名词，常见的有：ability, chance, ambition, offer, anxiety, reply, attempt, belief等。 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①My mother is the first woman in her village to receive (receive) higher education. ②As far as I know, Amy was the only person to witness (witness) the car accident. ③在我看来，随机配对学生并不能提高他们的英语口语，毕竟，说英语的能力因人而异。(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷应用文写作) In my opinion，randomly pairing up students can't improve their oral English and after all，the ability to speak English varies from person to person. ④我能说一口流利的英语，而且我是班上第一个出国深造的学生。 I can speak fluent English and I am the first student in my class to go abroad for further study. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$