精品解析：广州市执信中学等五校2022-2023学年高一下期末联考英语试题

2022学年下学期高一期末五校联考试卷 英语 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共12页，满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.开考前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的校名、姓名、班级、考号等相关信息填写在答题卡指定区域内。 2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案；不能答在试卷上。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。 第一部分 选择题（共90分） 一、听力（共两节，满分15分） 第一节 听力理解（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 请听下面4段材料，每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第一段材料，回答第1至第2题。 1. How will the woman send the package? A. By air. B. By sea. C. By express mail. 2. How much should the woman pay? A. £20. B. £23. C. £26. 听第二段材料，回答第3至4题。 3 What problem does the woman have? A. She’s lost. B. Her shoes are broken. C. Her feet are uncomfortable. 4. Why did the speakers come to the city? A. To attend a meeting B. To buy some shoes. C. To make a tour. 听第三段材料，回答第5至7题。 5. What are the speakers discussing? A. How to form clouds. B. How to present their research. C. How to explain different types of clouds. 6. Why does the man suggest having small cards? A. To make the presentation more interesting. B. To organize all the research. C. To remind him of what to say. 7. What part will the woman do? A. The low-level clouds part. B. The medium-level clouds part. C. The high-level clouds part. 听第四段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What problem will the motorway bring to the village? A. Children will find it hard to go to the Streeve Beach. B. The well-known beauty spot will be destroyed. C. Fewer villagers will live there. 9. Where will the high-tech park be built? A. In the north of the village. B. In the west of the village. C. In the south of the village. 10. What is most villagers’ attitude towards the government plans? A. Fully satisfied. B. Rather worried. C. Quite unexpected. 第二节 获取信息（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面1段独白。请根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，每空不超过三个词。录音播放两遍。（请将本节答案写在答卷11-15的空格中） Easter Island Location In the 11 Pacific Ocean, 3,500 km off the coast of South America. Discovery A European explorer discovered it on Easter Sunday on April 5th, 12 . People The people lived without war, until 13 killed most of the population. The most interesting things about the island The 887 stone statues that are found there, which look like 14 with big noses and lips; The secret of Easter Island had finally been solved when some people proved the heavy stones could be moved with 15 . 二、单项选择（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1. This is one of the most popular books this year. A. which have been published B. which has been published C. that have been published D. that has been published 2. ________ her house ________, Roso decided to live in the nearby hotels. A. Seen; painted B. Seeing; being painted C. Seen; being painted D. Seeing; painted 3. The teacher insisted that the student ________ a chance to further his study because of his excellence, ________ won the headmaster’s approval. A. gave; that B. giving; which C. was given; which D. be given; which 4. in thoughts, Zhong Nanshan wholeheartedly figuring out how to fight against the pandemic. A. Lost; was devoted...to B. Lost；devoted...to C. Losing; was devoted...to D. Losing; devoted...to 5. She didn’t expect the great trouble she had ________ the problem ________ currently. A. to solve; discussing B. solving; to be discussed C. to solve; discussed D. solving; being discussed 6. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ________ she could turn for help. A. for whom B. to who C. to whom D. for who 7. The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials the rest of which for other purposes. A. was saved B. were saved C. saved D. saving 8. She was a great teacher everyone looked up to her. A. so; that B. such; that C. so；as D. such; as 9. Driving the children to soccer games a good deal of my time. A. takes up B. takes in C. takes on D. takes down 10. I a walk along the lake it began to rain. A. was taking; when B. had taken; when C. was taking; after D. had taken; after 11. The hotel offers a friendly atmosphere people can relax themselves and talk with each other at ease. A which B. where C. when D. that 12. He hurried to the cinema, only that all the tickets had been sold out. A. telling B. being told C. to tell D. to be told 13. With the tough problems ________, the newly-promoted manager felt greatly relieved. A. to settle B. settling C. settled D. being settled 14. Children, if alone in the public, will become easy targets for criminals. A. leaving B. left C. being left D. to leave 15. Among the three astronauts on Shenzhou XVI is Gui Haichao, the first Chinese civilian (平民) into space. A. to go B. gone C. going D. having gone 三、阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Iceland has long been identified as having unique environments. Here you can walk and swim between tectonic (地壳构造的) plates, bath in geothermal waters, and experience the wild landscapes. Furthermore, these unique environments have attracted the space-science community to use Iceland as one of its test sites for missions travelling to Mars (火星). DAY 1 Arrive in Reykjavik. After check-in, you will visit the geothermal pools of the Blue Lagoon to relax after your flight, before returning to your hotel to freshen up. You will then head to the Aurora Basecamp Observatory, where you will be able to see the northern lights recreated indoors. In the evening, space expert Niamh Shaw will give the first of two talks on our attempt to establish bases on other planets. DAY 2 After breakfast, you will set out on special vehicles towards Þingvellir National Park, a registered UNESCO world heritage (遗产) site accompanied by Niamh. Here, you will have the opportunity to do something that you can’t do anywhere else, the opportunity to swim between the tectonic plates. In the evening, you will enjoy a second talk from Niamh. DAY 3 Today you begin your journey towards the 2020 NASA test site, where the NASA SAND_E Mars Rover is being tested. NASA scientists will be on hand to explain the project, along with updates of the current Mars missions and the most recent findings. DAY 4 In 2019, Iceland Space Agency hosted the ISAGEVR1 Expedition to Grimsvötn Volcano on top of the Vatnajökull Glacier (冰川) to field test the MS1 Mars Analog Spacesuit designed by the NASA/Johnson space centre. We will be working together with the agency to create a unique experience for you today on the glacier. DAY 5 In the afternoon, you will reach the bridge between the continents, spanning a gap in between the two tectonic plates, on your way to Keflavik Airport and your evening flight home. 16. Who would be most interested in this travel arrangement to Iceland? A. Fiction writers. B. Space enthusiasts. C. Wildlife protectors. D. Professional swimmers. 17. Which days include chances to experience something about Mars? A. Day 1 and Day 2. B. Day 2 and Day 3. C. Day 3 and Day 4. D. Day 4 and Day 5. 18. Which of the following can best promote this tour? A. “We hope to offer you a great opportunity to enjoy hiking.” B. “We will let you explore how NASA is a part of everyday life.” C. “We want to help you discover space science through the joy of travel.” D. “We will provide you a chance to experience the culture near the Arctic Circle.” B In my childhood, whenever I was being unreasonable, or questioning whatever direction my mother was giving, she would say “I’m the momma and you’re the baby.” End of discussion. Until one day she asked me to do something for her and I said, “No. You’re the momma; I’m the baby.” It gave her a good laugh. But, at 31, I’m realizing the dynamic might be shifting. She’s the momma; I’m the baby. But I’m also something else now. More will be asked of me to take care of her. My mother is getting older. The realization hit me during a recent visit home. In my memory, our house wasn’t spotless, but I’d call it tidy. Weekends were for cleaning. Yet during this visit I was taken aback by piles upon piles of mail and papers and junk. A fridge full of spoiled food. A mountain of clothes begging to be located. Was it always this way? When did she become a hoarder (囤积者)? A symptom of aging? But my mother would like you to know something: She is not a hoarder. She spoke frankly with more self-awareness than I expected about life and time and happiness. “The time that I have to go through those things would be my weekends. Do I want to spend my Saturday afternoon going through all the junk? Or do I want to go hang out with my friends? I think the latter. I don’t want to spend one minute of my free time doing anything that doesn’t bring me joy,” she says. It’s not that my mother has no worries about aging, but she came to terms with it long before. “Trey, you could spend so much time worrying about things that aren’t perfect. Then time slips by, and they’re never going to be,” she continues. “I think happiness is a moment-to-moment, day-to-day kind of thing. It’s not something you sustain. I still think I’m hot- that might be in my head, but so what.” 19. What was the author’s tone in his response to Mom in paragraph 1? A Unwilling. B. Pleased. C. Serious. D. Sympathetic. 20. What made the author think Mom was a hoarder at first? A. Her refusal to donate old stuff. B. The mess in Mom’s house. C. Her preference for an economical life. D. The decline of Mom’s health. 21. Why didn’t Mom tidy the house on weekends? A. She had plans with her friends. B. She was too old to do it on her own. C. She desired a pleasant time for herself. D. She had trouble sorting out the junk. 22. Which of the following may best describe Mom? A. Kind but old-fashioned. B. Confident but untidy. C. Hardworking and funny. D. Optimistic and adaptable. According to a 2018 report, people-aged between 16 and 24 make up about 15 percent of the population but only 10 percent of museum-goers. Similarly, people aged over 35 go half as much as you would expect from their population size. We have reached the point of recognising the disconnection between art and the audience but haven’t yet determined how to bridge the gap. Two answers to tackling this challenge lie in telling a greater diversity of art histories and communicating these stories in more accessible ways. In 2018, a radio program called Art Matters was started with the aim of discussing art from a pop-culture viewpoint with topics that would engage younger and more diverse audience. It offers an accessible pathway to art history with conversations on different topics. Art history is about storytelling; art content shines when there is an effort to bring audience along for the discussion. More traditional institutions are paying attention. Recently the Getty Museum issued a social-media challenge for people to recreate paintings using items they had at home. Users displayed incredible creativity, and the museum was flooded with submissions. This reaction proves that there is a potential desire for the audience to engage with art topics if the format is interesting. Since many people feel intimidated to talk about arts and think that there’s a base level of understanding required to join the conversation, the Getty initiative serves as a reminder that there are many pathways to engaging with it. Another result of the Getty challenge was the exposure given to a diversity of artworks. The famous opera singer Peter Brathwaite, for example, made scores of attractive recreations highlighting centuries of black paintings. His efforts opposed the idea that there were not many historical paintings of black figures. It is extremely important that we do a better job of showing the complex and diverse stories that are represented in art. Social media have offered a platform for people who have not traditionally had a seat at the table. Anyone can recognize a gap in the field and address it. Accounts have gathered tens of thousands of followers. They are the proof that there is hunger to hear these art histories, and these themes work brilliantly for museum programming But there is only so much that can be done without the museums and galleries changing meaningfully from within. We need to see a better balance of these stories represented in permanent (永久的) collections. We also need a much wider diversity of people and interests represented on board. Ensuring that art — and writing and talking about art — is able to continue on the rising generation of storytellers, inside and outside of institutions, getting the funding and support they need to paint a brighter picture for the part. 23. What challenge is the author trying to deal with? A. People doubt a great diversity of artworks. B. Fewer and fewer young people go to museums. C. Art appears too distant from common audience. D. Adult audience has a different understanding of art 24. What does the underlined word “intimidated” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Tired. B. Afraid. C. Annoyed. D. Surprised. 25. Why does the author mention the Getty challenge? A. To stress the need for a basic level understanding of art. B. To criticize traditional institutions’ lack of diversity. C. To argue that history is not about storytelling. D. To show an effort to engage a wider audience with art. 26. What can be concluded about common audience in the article? A. They lack the channels to understand and talk about art history. B. They prefer to view artworks and hear art stories on social media. C. They feel satisfied with people and interests represented on board. D. They refuse to engage with diverse art topics and art history stories. Superhuman artificial intelligence is already among us. Well, sort of. When it comes to playing games like chess and Go, or solving difficult scientific challenges like predicting protein structures, computers are well ahead of us. But we have one superpower they aren’t close to mastering: mind reading. Humans have a mysterious ability to reason the goals, desires and beliefs of others, a crucial skill that means we can anticipate or predict other people’s actions and the consequences of our own. Reading minds comes so easily to us, though, that we often don’t think to spell out what we want. If AIs are to become truly useful in everyday life — to cooperate effectively with us or to understand that a child might run into the road after a bouncing ball — we have to give them this gift that evolution has given us to read other people’s minds. Psychologists refer to the ability to infer another’s mental state as theory of mind. In humans, this ability starts to develop at a very young age. How to reproduce the capability in machines is far from clear, though. One of the main challenges is context. For instance, if someone asks whether you are going for a run and you reply “it’s raining”, they can quickly conclude that the answer is no. But his requires huge amounts of background knowledge about running, weather and human preferences. Moreover, whether humans or AI, the theory of mind is supposed to emerge naturally from one’s own learning process. Building prior (先前的) knowledge into AI makes it rely on our imperfect understanding of theory of mind. In addition, AI may be capable of developing approaches we could never imagine. There can be many forms of theory of mind that we don’t know about simply because we live in a human body that has certain types of senses and a certain ability to think. Yet we might still want AI to have a mare human-like form of theory of mind. Humans can clearly explain their goals and desires to each other using common language and ideas While letting AI form the theory of mind in their learning process is likely to lead to developing more powerful AI, plainly building in shared ways to represent knowledge may be crucial for humans to trust and communicate with AI. It is important to remember, though, that the pursuit of machines with theory of mind is about more than just building more useful robots. It is also a stepping stone on the path towards a deeper goal for AI and robotics research: building truly self-aware machines. Whether we will ever get there remains to be seen. But along the way thinking about other people and other agents, we are on the path to learning to think about ourselves. 27. According to the article, which of the following contexts can AI understand well? A. When you are asked to eat spicy food for dinner and you reply “a sore throat”. B. When a teacher asks for a boy’s homework and he answers “my dog ate it”. C. When a mom tells her kid some food is good for health and the kid eats it. D. When kids see their mom after hurting themselves and they cry louder. 28. Which of the following statements does the author probably agree with? A. Humans’ theory of mind is far from perfect. B. AI may form theory of mind beyond our imagination. C. We should reject human-like forms of abilities for AI. D. Shared ways of communication lead to a more powerful AI. 29. What is the author’s attitude towards the pursuit of AI with theory of mind? A. Positive. B. Critical. C. Doubtful. D. Unconcerned. 30. Which would be the best title for the article? A. Mind Reading: Human Beings’ Superpower over AI B. Building Self-aware Machines: The Final Goal for AI C. AI Forming Theory of Mind: A Blessing or A Suffering for Humans D. Reproducing Theory of Mind in Machines: Challenges and Possibilities 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读补全。根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余项。 There’s a lot to cope with when you go off to university. ____31____ For most students, a completely new environment is waiting to be explored. We recently drove our daughter Evie 150 miles to start life as a fresher. It was a struggle to find the car park, let alone explore the huge campus. Although we knew she had flatmates and phone apps to get her to fit in, the challenge ahead was clear—to find her way in an unfamiliar world. ____32____ In a recent study, volunteers walked around a virtual forest environment. Then some of them took the same walk again, while others explored a different forest.___33___ According to the researchers, that was because exploring the new environment stimulated their dopamine (多巴胺) system—setting up their brains for memorizing things. Thus, they scored higher. So leaving home to study makes perfect sense. ____34____ But we may all be able to gain some of the benefits, even if it’s just by stimulating our senses and challenging our thinking skills. Here are three things to try: ◆ Go somewhere new to tackle an upcoming learning task—like memorizing a speech in the library, or revising for an exam in a park—and take an unfamiliar route to get there. ◆ ____35____To warm yourself up for learning, picture a city you know well, but imagine you’re tapped in a part of it that you’ve never visited. Then try to visualize exactly how you’ll get out. ◆ Play video games that get you moving through new landscapes. Then see whether it improves your success with other learning tasks, like practising a dance or mastering phrases for a foreign trip. A. Get lost in your imagination. B. Prepare yourself for a city tour. C. But exploring places as such is beneficial to memory. D. People prove to be more adaptable after new experience. E. The latter group performed better in memory tests straight after. F. There are new friends to meet and new responsibilities to accept. G. Young minds seem to gain most from being in strange surroundings. 四、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Shaine Kilyun was scrolling through videos on her phone one night in December 2020. Suddenly she ____36____ a video of dogs in wheelchairs. “That’s it!” she thought. Shaine had always loved animals and visited local veterinary (兽医的) clinics often. She was a ____37____ there. But Shaine cried when she learned older and disabled animals are often killed painlessly because they can’t walk and require extra ____38____. Now, as the young volunteer watched the disabled dogs in the video moving around in tiny wheelchairs happily and ____39____, her heart was filled with ____40____. “I can make wheelchairs for disabled animals!” she decided. As Shaine ____41____ on countless videos showing ways to make tiny mobility “wheelies” for animals, her ____42____ grew. The next day, Shaine headed to the hardware store and ____43____ some PVC pipes, foam and wheels and began ____44____ with designs. She tested out the carts on her own dog and cats. ____45____ she found a model that worked, she reached out to veterinarians she knew. Seeing Cypress, a disabled 7-month-old puppy, take off in her wheelie, Shaine became even more ____46____ to her project. She posted pictures of her carts on the Internet, and soon ____47____ started coming in. Shaine asks for a few ____48____of the animals and then custom-makes each wheelchair for the furry friends. She accepts just enough money to ____49____ costs. “I’m so pleased that I am able to fill a need,” says the ____50____ girl, “Helping disabled pets means the world to me!” 36. A. subscribed to B. came across C. checked out D. reflected on 37. A. teacher B. guest C. volunteer D. doctor 38. A. care B. duty C. recognition D. courage 39. A. cautiously B. worriedly C. healthily D. freely 40. A. sympathy B. curiosity C. hope D. doubt 41. A. carried B. clicked C. counted D. rested 42. A. excitement B. pride C. relief D. astonishment 43. A. produced B. gathered C. arranged D. bought 44. A. comparing B. dealing C. consulting D. experimenting 45. A. Before B. Once C. Unless D. Though 46. A. accustomed B. limited C. committed D. submitted 47. A. investments B. profits C. orders D. advertisements 48. A. measurements B. comments C. expectations D. behaviors 49. A. estimate B. reduce C. spread D. cover 50. A. sensitive B. considerate C. ambitious D. patient 第二部分 非选择题（共60分） 五、单词拼写（共15小题，每小题1分，共15分） 请用M3U3-M4U1所学的单词的适当形式填空。 66-69请根据括号内的英文解释和首字母填入单词的正确形式，填入答题卡时需写出完整单词。 51. Everyone has a d _________ (a strong wish to have or do sth) for success, but not everyone has the courage and determination to fight for it. (根据首字母单词拼写) 52. He left the party seconds before smoke was s_________(to see or notice a person or thing suddenly) coming up the stairs. (根据首字母单词拼写) 53. The team were d_________ (upset because sth you hoped for has not happened or been as good as you expected) at the result of the game. (根据首字母单词拼写) 54. She hopes to get a job on the local newspaper and e_________ (in the end, finally) work for The Times. (根据首字母单词拼写) 70-75根据括号内的单词填入单词同根词的正确形式。 55. It _________ (occur) to me that I could have the book sent to me the other day. (所给词的适当形式填空) 56. The doctors have set out their _________ (argue) against the proposals. (所给词适当形式填空) 57. The student is _________ (passion) about the project. (所给词的适当形式填空) 58. The professor applied for the chance to go into space without _________ (hesitate). (所给词的适当形式填空) 59. She failed to gain _________ (admit) to her ideal university. (所给词的适当形式填空) 60. Visitors are not _________ (permit) to take photos in the museum. (所给词的适当形式填空) 76-80根据括号内的中文填入单词的正确形式。 61. My parents lent me the money. _________ (否则), I couldn’t have afforded the trip. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 62. She felt nervous, increasingly _________ (缺乏的) in confidence about herself. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 63. It is bad_________(礼貌) to talk with your mouth full. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 64. Police insist that Michael did not follow the correct _________ (程序，步骤) in applying for a visa. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 65. Under no_________ (情况) should you use the elevator during a fire. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 六、短语填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 请用M3U3-M4U1所学的短语的适当形式填空。 66. So far, the typhoon __________ (导致，引起) many thousands of deaths in the country. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 67. We must get the rescue crew here as soon as possible, for time __________(即将耗尽) for the trapped miners. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 68. __________ (在一定程度上), what she argues is true. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 69. She reminded her kids to take the keys __________ (以防) she was out. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 70. __________ (继续) walking until you get to the crossroads, and turn left. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 71. People attending the wedding__________(身穿) their Sunday best and looked amazing. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 72. Jim looked back on the years in tears when he __________ (寻找财富) in the big cities. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 73. Over 1,000 rescuers joined the team __________ (希望) finding survivors. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 74. Can I buy you lunch __________ (作为回报) for your help? (根据汉语提示完成句子) 75. It was the power of __________(追逐梦想) that brought him to this city far away from home. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 七、语篇填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空（正确形式可使用两个词或以上）。 When I saw Li Ziqi making a dress and dyeing it with grape skins all by herself, I was struck by the calmness and purposefulness ____76____ she shows in her videos. Unlike other serious introductions to traditional Chinese crafts, her channel is a perfect ____77____ (combine) of the beauty of nature and hard work in poetry. ____78____ the themes of her videos have changed a lot, her way of displaying peaceful country life and her confidence and positive attitude towards the world remain the same. In Li’s videos, besides conventional handicrafts of last generation which ____79____ (show) in an elegant way, followers are able to appreciate a lifestyle ____80____ (remove) from the busy modern world. As soon as we immerse (沉浸) ourselves into the dreamland she creates for us, we feel quite at home, ____81____ (leave) our stress and exhaustion behind. Li and her team are also fond of showing the ____82____ (detail) of the cooking processes of varieties of traditional Chinese dishes. For example, in her video about spicy tofu, she starts with harvesting soybeans, crushing them into powder and transforming ____83____ into tofu before it is finally cooked. All in all, Li Ziqi’s videos help me to free my mind ____84____ the cares of the daily grind (苦差事). She is the right person to help each of us find some _____85_____ (spirit) peace in our lives. 八、书面表达（满分15分） 86. 假设学校读书节正在进行中外经典文学作品读书分享征稿活动“My Favourite Character”，请你写一篇英语文章投稿，内容包括： 1. 简要介绍一部经典文学作品； 2. 介绍这部作品中你最喜欢的角色： 1）角色的品质以及体现品质的事迹； 2）角色给你带来的启发。 注意：1. 词数120以上； 2. 开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。 My Favourite Character As part of the school reading festival, I would like to share with you my favourite character from _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2022学年下学期高一期末五校联考试卷 英语 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共12页，满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.开考前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的校名、姓名、班级、考号等相关信息填写在答题卡指定区域内。 2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案；不能答在试卷上。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。 第一部分 选择题（共90分） 一、听力（共两节，满分15分） 第一节 听力理解（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 请听下面4段材料，每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第一段材料，回答第1至第2题。 1. How will the woman send the package? A. By air. B. By sea. C. By express mail. 2. How much should the woman pay? A. £20. B. £23. C. £26. 听第二段材料，回答第3至4题。 3. What problem does the woman have? A. She’s lost. B. Her shoes are broken. C. Her feet are uncomfortable. 4. Why did the speakers come to the city? A. To attend a meeting B. To buy some shoes. C. To make a tour. 听第三段材料，回答第5至7题。 5. What are the speakers discussing? A. How to form clouds. B. How to present their research. C. How to explain different types of clouds. 6. Why does the man suggest having small cards? A. To make the presentation more interesting. B. To organize all the research. C. To remind him of what to say. 7. What part will the woman do? A. The low-level clouds part. B. The medium-level clouds part. C. The high-level clouds part. 听第四段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What problem will the motorway bring to the village? A. Children will find it hard to go to the Streeve Beach. B. The well-known beauty spot will be destroyed. C. Fewer villagers will live there. 9. Where will the high-tech park be built? A. In the north of the village. B. In the west of the village. C. In the south of the village. 10. What is most villagers’ attitude towards the government plans? A. Fully satisfied. B. Rather worried. C. Quite unexpected. 第二节 获取信息（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面1段独白。请根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，每空不超过三个词。录音播放两遍。（请将本节答案写在答卷11-15的空格中） Easter Island Location In the 11 Pacific Ocean, 3,500 km off the coast of South America. Discovery A European explorer discovered it on Easter Sunday on April 5th, 12 . People The people lived without war, until 13 killed most of the population. The most interesting things about the island The 887 stone statues that are found there, which look like 14 with big noses and lips; The secret of Easter Island had finally been solved when some people proved the heavy stones could be moved with 15 . 二、单项选择（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1. This is one of the most popular books this year. A. which have been published B. which has been published C. that have been published D. that has been published 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句和主谓一致。句意：这是今年出版的最受欢迎的书之一。根据题干可知，“one of the most popular books”是先行词，且在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that；在“one of+最高级+复数名词或代词+定语从句”结构中，定语从句的谓语动词用复数形式，即动词原形。故选C。 2. ________ her house ________, Roso decided to live in the nearby hotels. A. Seen; painted B. Seeing; being painted C. Seen; being painted D. Seeing; painted 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：看到她的房子正在被粉刷，Rose决定住在附近的宾馆。分析句子可知，第一空为非谓语动词作状语，Roso与see在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语，第二空为非谓语动词作宾补，her house与paint在逻辑上是被动关系，且表示动作正在进行，故用现在分词的被动式。故选B项。 3. The teacher insisted that the student ________ a chance to further his study because of his excellence ________ won the headmaster’s approval. A. gave; that B. giving; which C. was given; which D. be given; which 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查虚拟语气和定语从句。句意：老师坚持要给这个学生继续深造的机会，因为他表现优异，这赢得了校长的同意。第一空insist“坚持认为”所接的宾语从句用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) +原形动词，should可省略。且give与student为被动关系，应用be given；第二空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为整个主句，从句缺少主语，故用which。故选D。 4. in thoughts, Zhong Nanshan wholeheartedly figuring out how to fight against the pandemic. A. Lost; was devoted...to B. Lost；devoted...to C. Losing; was devoted...to D. Losing; devoted...to 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词以及固定短语。句意：陷入沉思中，钟南山全身心地投入到研究如何抗击疫情当中。be lost in“陷入……”，该短语在句中作状语，所以需要把be动词去掉，剩下过去分词作状语。第二三空考查固定短语be devoted to“致力于”，该动词短语在句中作谓语。故选A。 5. She didn’t expect the great trouble she had ________ the problem ________ currently. A. to solve; discussing B. solving; to be discussed C. to solve; discussed D. solving; being discussed 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型和非谓语动词。句意：她没有预料到解决目前正在讨论的问题会遇到这么大的麻烦。分析句子可知，“she had ________ the problem ________ currently”是省略关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词trouble，先行词在定语从句中充当宾语，即she had (trouble) ________ the problem ________ currently；have trouble (in) doing...是固定句型，意为“做某事有困难”，第一空处用动名词solving作宾语；discuss作后置定语修饰名词problem，与其逻辑主语problem之间是被动关系，结合时间状语currently可知，是当前正在讨论的问题，用现在分词的被动式being discussed作后置定语。故选D项。 6. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ________ she could turn for help. A. for whom B. to who C. to whom D. for who 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在黑暗的街道上，没有一个她可以求助的人。分析句子可知，此处是“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词是person，指人，turn to sb for help“向某人求助”，故介词用to，关系词在从句中作介词宾语，应用关系代词whom，故选C。 7. The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which for other purposes. A. was saved B. were saved C. saved D. saving 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：工厂使用了65%的原材料，其余的被保存用于其他用途。which指代先行词 the raw materials，与save为被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。主语复数，谓语复数。故选B项。 8 She was a great teacher everyone looked up to her. A. so; that B. such; that C. so；as D. such; as 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：她是如此好的一个老师，大家都敬重她。第一空后是一个名词短语a great teacher，修饰名词短语应使用形容词such；第二空后是一个完整的句子，所以第二空需要一个连词引导结果状语从句。故选B项。 9. Driving the children to soccer games a good deal of my time. A. takes up B. takes in C. takes on D. takes down 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：开车送孩子们去参加足球比赛占用了我大量的时间。A. takes up占用（时间、空间等）；B. takes in吸收；C. takes on承担；D. takes down记下。根据“Driving the children to soccer games”可知，开车送孩子们参加足球比赛占用了大量的时间。故选A。 10. I a walk along the lake it began to rain. A. was taking; when B. had taken; when C. was taking; after D. had taken; after 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我正在湖边散步，这时天开始下雨了。表示“正在做某事，这时……”句型为sb. be doing sth. when…。故选A。 11. The hotel offers a friendly atmosphere people can relax themselves and talk with each other at ease. A. which B. where C. when D. that 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这家酒店营造出一种友好的氛围，在这种氛围中人们可以放松身心，自在地相互交谈。空处引导限定性定语从句，修饰先行词a friendly atmosphere，且在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用where引导该从句。故选B。 12. He hurried to the cinema, only that all the tickets had been sold out. A. telling B. being told C. to tell D. to be told 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他匆匆赶到电影院，结果却被告知所有的票都已经卖完了。本句谓语为 hurried，此处为非谓语动词。“only+不定式”作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果。且he与tell“告诉”之间是被动关系，所以应用动词不定式的被动形式to be told。故填to be told。 13. With the tough problems ________, the newly-promoted manager felt greatly relieved. A. to settle B. settling C. settled D. being settled 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：解决了这些棘手的问题后，新晋升的经理感到如释重负。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作宾补，根据“the newly-promoted manager felt greatly relieved”可知，这些棘手的问题已经解决，且settle与宾语the tough problems之间为被动关系，所以此处应使用过去分词形式。故选C项。 14. Children, if alone in the public, will become easy targets for criminals. A. leaving B. left C. being left D. to leave 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：孩子们如果单独留在公共场所，就很容易成为罪犯的目标。此处leave与Children构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故选B。 15. Among the three astronauts on Shenzhou XVI is Gui Haichao, the first Chinese civilian (平民) into space. A. to go B. gone C. going D. having gone 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：神舟十六号的三名宇航员中包括桂海潮，他是第一位进入太空的中国平民。空处需要非谓语动词作定语。当名词前面有序数词修饰时，需要用动词不定式作定语。“the first Chinese civilian (平民) to go into space”意为“第一位进入太空的中国平民”。故选A。 三、阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Iceland has long been identified as having unique environments. Here you can walk and swim between tectonic (地壳构造的) plates, bath in geothermal waters, and experience the wild landscapes. Furthermore, these unique environments have attracted the space-science community to use Iceland as one of its test sites for missions travelling to Mars (火星). DAY 1 Arrive in Reykjavik. After check-in, you will visit the geothermal pools of the Blue Lagoon to relax after your flight, before returning to your hotel to freshen up. You will then head to the Aurora Basecamp Observatory, where you will be able to see the northern lights recreated indoors. In the evening, space expert Niamh Shaw will give the first of two talks on our attempt to establish bases on other planets. DAY 2 After breakfast, you will set out on special vehicles towards Þingvellir National Park, a registered UNESCO world heritage (遗产) site accompanied by Niamh. Here, you will have the opportunity to do something that you can’t do anywhere else, the opportunity to swim between the tectonic plates. In the evening, you will enjoy a second talk from Niamh. DAY 3 Today you begin your journey towards the 2020 NASA test site, where the NASA SAND_E Mars Rover is being tested. NASA scientists will be on hand to explain the project, along with updates of the current Mars missions and the most recent findings. DAY 4 In 2019, Iceland Space Agency hosted the ISAGEVR1 Expedition to Grimsvötn Volcano on top of the Vatnajökull Glacier (冰川) to field test the MS1 Mars Analog Spacesuit designed by the NASA/Johnson space centre. We will be working together with the agency to create a unique experience for you today on the glacier. DAY 5 In the afternoon, you will reach the bridge between the continents, spanning a gap in between the two tectonic plates, on your way to Keflavik Airport and your evening flight home. 16. Who would be most interested in this travel arrangement to Iceland? A. Fiction writers. B. Space enthusiasts. C. Wildlife protectors. D. Professional swimmers. 17. Which days include chances to experience something about Mars? A. Day 1 and Day 2. B. Day 2 and Day 3. C. Day 3 and Day 4. D. Day 4 and Day 5. 18. Which of the following can best promote this tour? A. “We hope to offer you a great opportunity to enjoy hiking.” B. “We will let you explore how NASA is a part of everyday life.” C. “We want to help you discover space science through the joy of travel.” D. “We will provide you a chance to experience the culture near the Arctic Circle.” 【答案】16. B 17. C 18. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了冰岛之旅五天的具体行程。 【16题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Furthermore, these unique environments have attracted the space-science community to use Iceland as one of its test sites for missions travelling to Mars (火星).(此外，这些独特的环境吸引了空间科学界把冰岛作为其前往火星任务的试验地点之一。)”可知，太空爱好者对这次冰岛之旅最感兴趣。故选B项。 【17题详解】 细节理解题。根据DAY 3部分中“Today you begin your journey towards the 2020 NASA test site, where the NASA SAND_E Mars Rover is being tested.(今天，你将开始前往2020年NASA测试地点的旅程，在那里NASA SAND E火星探测器正在接受测试。)”及DAY 4部分中“In 2019, Iceland Space Agency hosted the ISAGEVR1 Expedition to Grimsvötn Volcano on top of the Vatnajökull Glacier (冰川) to field test the MS1 Mars Analog Spacesuit designed by the NASA/Johnson space centre.(2019年，冰岛航天局主办了队前往Vatnajökull冰川上方的Grimsvötn火山的ISAGEVR1探险，实地测试由美国宇航局/约翰逊航天中心设计的MS1火星模拟航天服。)”可知，第3天和第4天有体验有关火星的机会。故选C项。 【18题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Furthermore, these unique environments have attracted the space-science community to use Iceland as one of its test sites for missions travelling to Mars (火星).(此外，这些独特的环境吸引了空间科学界把冰岛作为其前往火星任务的试验地点之一。)”可知，文章主要讲述的是能体验航天科学的冰岛之旅，所以C项“我们想帮助您通过旅行的乐趣发现空间科学。”能最好地宣传这次旅行。故选C项。 B In my childhood, whenever I was being unreasonable, or questioning whatever direction my mother was giving, she would say “I’m the momma and you’re the baby.” End of discussion. Until one day she asked me to do something for her and I said, “No. You’re the momma; I’m the baby.” It gave her a good laugh. But, at 31, I’m realizing the dynamic might be shifting. She’s the momma; I’m the baby. But I’m also something else now. More will be asked of me to take care of her. My mother is getting older. The realization hit me during a recent visit home. In my memory, our house wasn’t spotless, but I’d call it tidy. Weekends were for cleaning. Yet during this visit I was taken aback by piles upon piles of mail and papers and junk. A fridge full of spoiled food. A mountain of clothes begging to be located. Was it always this way? When did she become a hoarder (囤积者)? A symptom of aging? But my mother would like you to know something: She is not a hoarder. She spoke frankly with more self-awareness than I expected about life and time and happiness. “The time that I have to go through those things would be my weekends. Do I want to spend my Saturday afternoon going through all the junk? Or do I want to go hang out with my friends? I think the latter. I don’t want to spend one minute of my free time doing anything that doesn’t bring me joy,” she says. It’s not that my mother has no worries about aging, but she came to terms with it long before. “Trey, you could spend so much time worrying about things that aren’t perfect. Then time slips by, and they’re never going to be,” she continues. “I think happiness is a moment-to-moment, day-to-day kind of thing. It’s not something you sustain. I still think I’m hot- that might be in my head, but so what.” 19. What was the author’s tone in his response to Mom in paragraph 1? A. Unwilling. B. Pleased. C. Serious. D. Sympathetic. 20. What made the author think Mom was a hoarder at first? A. Her refusal to donate old stuff. B. The mess in Mom’s house. C. Her preference for an economical life. D. The decline of Mom’s health. 21. Why didn’t Mom tidy the house on weekends? A. She had plans with her friends. B. She was too old to do it on her own. C. She desired a pleasant time for herself. D. She had trouble sorting out the junk. 22. Which of the following may best describe Mom? A. Kind but old-fashioned. B. Confident but untidy. C. Hardworking and funny. D. Optimistic and adaptable. 【答案】19. A 20. B 21. C 22. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者本以为母亲老了需要自己的照顾，却在一次偶然的拜访中对母亲现在的生活信条感到惊讶的故事。 【19题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“In my childhood, whenever I was being unreasonable, or questioning whatever direction my mother was giving, she would say “I’m the momma and you’re the baby.” End of discussion. Until one day she asked me to do something for her and I said, “No. You’re the momma; I’m the baby.”(在我的童年，每当我不讲道理，或者质疑妈妈给的任何方向时，她都会说：“我是妈妈，你是孩子。”讨论结束。直到有一天她让我为她做点什么，我说：“不。你是妈妈；我是孩子。”)”可知，作者小时候妈妈让做什么就做什么，后来妈妈让作者做事时，作者拒绝了并重复妈妈的话，这表明作者当时是不情愿的。故选A项。 【20题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Yet during this visit I was taken aback by piles upon piles of mail and papers and junk. A fridge full of spoiled food. A mountain of clothes begging to be located. Was it always this way? When did she become a hoarder (囤积者)?( 然而，在这次访问中，我被成堆的邮件、文件和垃圾吓了一跳。装满变质食物的冰箱。堆积如山的衣服等着找。一直都是这样吗？她什么时候成了囤积狂？)”可知，作者看到妈妈家一堆一堆的邮件、文件和垃圾，冰箱里满是变质的食物，还有大量待整理的衣服，这些混乱的场景让作者一开始认为妈妈是个囤积者。故选B项。 【21题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中妈妈说的话““The time that I have to go through those things would be my weekends. Do I want to spend my Saturday afternoon going through all the junk? Or do I want to go hang out with my friends? I think the latter. I don’t want to spend one minute of my free time doing anything that doesn’t bring me joy,” she says.(“我要处理这些事情的时间是周末。我想把周六下午的时间都花在翻垃圾上吗？还是我想和朋友出去玩？我认为是后者。我不想把一分钟的空闲时间花在不能给我带来快乐的事情上，”她说。)”可知，妈妈不想在周末整理东西，是因为她想把周末的时间用来和朋友出去玩，她渴望为自己度过一段愉快的时光（desired a pleasant time for herself），而不是把时间花在整理这些不能给她带来快乐的事情上。故选C项。 【22题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I think happiness is a moment-to-moment, day-to-day kind of thing. It’s not something you sustain. I still think I’m hot- that might be in my head, but so what.(我认为幸福是每时每刻、日复一日的事情。这不是你要维持的。我仍然觉得自己很性感——这可能是我的想法，但那又怎样。)”等内容可以看出妈妈认为幸福是每时每刻、日复一日的事情，她还觉得自己很有魅力，不在乎别人怎么想，这体现了她的乐观（Optimistic）。从她接受自己变老的事实，并且能够以自己的方式生活，如选择在周末做让自己开心的事而不是整理东西，这表明她能够适应生活的变化（adaptable）。故选D项。 According to a 2018 report, people-aged between 16 and 24 make up about 15 percent of the population but only 10 percent of museum-goers. Similarly, people aged over 35 go half as much as you would expect from their population size. We have reached the point of recognising the disconnection between art and the audience but haven’t yet determined how to bridge the gap. Two answers to tackling this challenge lie in telling a greater diversity of art histories and communicating these stories in more accessible ways. In 2018, a radio program called Art Matters was started with the aim of discussing art from a pop-culture viewpoint with topics that would engage younger and more diverse audience. It offers an accessible pathway to art history with conversations on different topics. Art history is about storytelling; art content shines when there is an effort to bring audience along for the discussion. More traditional institutions are paying attention. Recently the Getty Museum issued a social-media challenge for people to recreate paintings using items they had at home. Users displayed incredible creativity, and the museum was flooded with submissions. This reaction proves that there is a potential desire for the audience to engage with art topics if the format is interesting. Since many people feel intimidated to talk about arts and think that there’s a base level of understanding required to join the conversation, the Getty initiative serves as a reminder that there are many pathways to engaging with it. Another result of the Getty challenge was the exposure given to a diversity of artworks. The famous opera singer Peter Brathwaite, for example, made scores of attractive recreations highlighting centuries of black paintings. His efforts opposed the idea that there were not many historical paintings of black figures. It is extremely important that we do a better job of showing the complex and diverse stories that are represented in art. Social media have offered a platform for people who have not traditionally had a seat at the table. Anyone can recognize a gap in the field and address it. Accounts have gathered tens of thousands of followers. They are the proof that there is hunger to hear these art histories, and these themes work brilliantly for museum programming But there is only so much that can be done without the museums and galleries changing meaningfully from within. We need to see a better balance of these stories represented in permanent (永久的) collections. We also need a much wider diversity of people and interests represented on board. Ensuring that art — and writing and talking about art — is able to continue on the rising generation of storytellers, inside and outside of institutions, getting the funding and support they need to paint a brighter picture for the part. 23. What challenge is the author trying to deal with? A. People doubt a great diversity of artworks. B. Fewer and fewer young people go to museums. C. Art appears too distant from common audience. D. Adult audience has a different understanding of art 24. What does the underlined word “intimidated” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Tired. B. Afraid. C. Annoyed. D. Surprised. 25. Why does the author mention the Getty challenge? A. To stress the need for a basic level understanding of art. B. To criticize traditional institutions’ lack of diversity. C. To argue that history is not about storytelling. D. To show an effort to engage a wider audience with art. 26. What can be concluded about common audience in the article? A. They lack the channels to understand and talk about art history. B. They prefer to view artworks and hear art stories on social media. C. They feel satisfied with people and interests represented on board. D. They refuse to engage with diverse art topics and art history stories. 【答案】23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述普通人似乎离艺术很遥远，他们想要参与艺术，但缺乏理解和谈论艺术的渠道，我们需要连接艺术和观众的桥梁。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“We have reached the point of recognising the disconnection between art and the audience but haven’t yet determined how to bridge the gap. (我们已经意识到艺术和观众之间的脱节，但还没有决定如何消除这一差距。)”可知，作者努力解决的挑战是艺术似乎离普通观众太遥远了。故选C项。 【24题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后的“…think that there’s a base level of understanding required to join the conversation, the Getty initiative serves as a reminder that there are many pathways to engaging with it. (认为加入对话需要一个基本的理解水平，Getty的倡议提醒人们，参与艺术有很多途径。)”可知，由于很多人认为参与对话需要基本水平的理解力，Getty博物馆的倡议提醒我们，可以有许多途径来参与其中，由此可推知，很多人感觉害怕，参与艺术对话需要基本水平的理解能力，划线词“intimidated”意为“害怕的”，和B项意思相近。故选B项。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Recently the Getty Museum issued a social-media challenge for people to recreate paintings using items they had at home. Users displayed incredible creativity, and the museum was flooded with submissions. This reaction proves that there is a potential desire for the audience to engage with art topics if the format is interesting. (最近，盖蒂博物馆(Getty Museum)在社交媒体上发起了一项挑战，让人们用家里的东西重新创作画作。用户们展示了令人难以置信的创造力，博物馆收到了大量的意见书。这种反应证明，如果形式有趣，观众就有参与艺术主题的潜在愿望。)”可知，作者提到盖蒂挑战是为了展示一种努力，即通过有趣的形式吸引更广泛的观众参与艺术话题，证明观众有潜在渴望与艺术话题互动。因此，作者提到盖蒂挑战是为了展示吸引更广泛观众参与艺术的努力。故选D项。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。第一段中“We have reached the point of recognising the disconnection between art and the audience (我们已经意识到艺术和观众之间的脱节)”；根据第二段中“It offers an accessible pathway to art history with conversations on different topics. (它提供了一条通往艺术史的途径，可以就不同的话题进行对话。)”及第三段中“the Getty initiative serves as a reminder that there are many pathways to engaging with it. (Getty博物馆的倡议提醒我们，可以有许多途径来参与其中。)”可知，普通观众缺乏理解和谈论艺术史的渠道。故选A项。 Superhuman artificial intelligence is already among us. Well, sort of. When it comes to playing games like chess and Go, or solving difficult scientific challenges like predicting protein structures, computers are well ahead of us. But we have one superpower they aren’t close to mastering: mind reading. Humans have a mysterious ability to reason the goals, desires and beliefs of others, a crucial skill that means we can anticipate or predict other people’s actions and the consequences of our own. Reading minds comes so easily to us, though, that we often don’t think to spell out what we want. If AIs are to become truly useful in everyday life — to cooperate effectively with us or to understand that a child might run into the road after a bouncing ball — we have to give them this gift that evolution has given us to read other people’s minds. Psychologists refer to the ability to infer another’s mental state as theory of mind. In humans, this ability starts to develop at a very young age. How to reproduce the capability in machines is far from clear, though. One of the main challenges is context. For instance, if someone asks whether you are going for a run and you reply “it’s raining”, they can quickly conclude that the answer is no. But his requires huge amounts of background knowledge about running, weather and human preferences. Moreover, whether humans or AI, the theory of mind is supposed to emerge naturally from one’s own learning process. Building prior (先前的) knowledge into AI makes it rely on our imperfect understanding of theory of mind. In addition, AI may be capable of developing approaches we could never imagine. There can be many forms of theory of mind that we don’t know about simply because we live in a human body that has certain types of senses and a certain ability to think. Yet we might still want AI to have a mare human-like form of theory of mind. Humans can clearly explain their goals and desires to each other using common language and ideas While letting AI form the theory of mind in their learning process is likely to lead to developing more powerful AI, plainly building in shared ways to represent knowledge may be crucial for humans to trust and communicate with AI. It is important to remember, though, that the pursuit of machines with theory of mind is about more than just building more useful robots. It is also a stepping stone on the path towards a deeper goal for AI and robotics research: building truly self-aware machines. Whether we will ever get there remains to be seen. But along the way thinking about other people and other agents, we are on the path to learning to think about ourselves. 27. According to the article, which of the following contexts can AI understand well? A. When you are asked to eat spicy food for dinner and you reply “a sore throat”. B. When a teacher asks for a boy’s homework and he answers “my dog ate it”. C. When a mom tells her kid some food is good for health and the kid eats it. D. When kids see their mom after hurting themselves and they cry louder. 28. Which of the following statements does the author probably agree with? A. Humans’ theory of mind is far from perfect. B. AI may form theory of mind beyond our imagination. C. We should reject human-like forms of abilities for AI. D. Shared ways of communication lead to a more powerful AI. 29. What is the author’s attitude towards the pursuit of AI with theory of mind? A. Positive. B. Critical. C. Doubtful. D. Unconcerned. 30. Which would be the best title for the article? A. Mind Reading: Human Beings’ Superpower over AI B. Building Self-aware Machines: The Final Goal for AI C. AI Forming Theory of Mind: A Blessing or A Suffering for Humans D. Reproducing Theory of Mind in Machines: Challenges and Possibilities 【答案】27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章讲述了人工智能有望拥有自己的心智理论。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“How to reproduce the capability in machines is far from clear, though. One of the main challenges is context. For instance, if someone asks whether you are going for a run and you reply “it’s raining”, they can quicky conclude that the answer is no. But his requires huge amounts of background knowledge about running, weather and human preferences. (然而，如何在机器中重现这种能力还远不清楚。其中一个主要的挑战是背景。例如，如果有人问你是否要去跑步，你回答“下雨了”，他们可以很快得出结论，答案是否定的。但他需要大量关于跑步、天气和人类偏好的背景知识。)”可知，机器人没有推理的能力，选项C. When a mom tells her kid some food is good for health and the kid eats it. (当一个妈妈告诉她的孩子一些食物对健康有益，孩子吃了它。)不需要推理，所以机器人能很好地理解。故选C。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Building prior (先前的) knowledge into AI makes it rely on our imperfect understanding of theory of mind. In addition, AI may be capable of developing approaches we could never imagine. There can be many forms of theory of mind that we don’t know about simply because we live in a human body that has certain types of senses and a certain ability to think. (将先验知识构建到人工智能中，使其依赖于我们对心智理论的不完美理解。此外，人工智能可能能够开发出我们从未想象过的方法。可能有很多我们不知道的心智理论形式，仅仅因为我们生活在一个拥有特定类型感官和特定思考能力的人体中。)”可知，作者认为人工智能可能会形成超出我们想象的心智理论。故选B。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Yet we might still want AI to have a mare human-like form of theory of mind. Humans can clearly explain their goals and desires to each other using common language and ideas While letting AI form the theory of mind in their learning process is likely to lead to developing more powerful AI, plainly building in shared ways to represent knowledge may be crucial for humans to trust and communicate with AI. (然而，我们可能仍然希望人工智能拥有一种更像人类的心智理论。人类可以用共同的语言和想法清楚地向彼此解释他们的目标和愿望，虽然让人工智能在学习过程中形成心智理论可能会导致开发更强大的人工智能，但简单地建立共享的方式来表示知识可能对人类信任和与人工智能交流至关重要。)”可知，作者对于用心智理论追求人工智能的态度是积极的。故选A。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“It is important to remember, though, that the pursuit of machines with theory of mind is about more than just building more useful robots. It is also a stepping stone on the path towards a deeper goal for AI and robotics research: building truly self-aware machines. (然而，重要的是要记住，追求具有心智理论的机器不仅仅是为了制造更有用的机器人。这也是通往人工智能和机器人研究更深层目标的垫脚石：制造真正具有自我意识的机器。)”可知，作者期待建造真正具有自我意识的机器，即作者期待人工智能具有思维理论。选项D. Reproducing Theory of Mind in Machines: Challenges and Possibilities (在机器中再现心智理论：挑战和可能性)可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读补全。根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余项。 There’s a lot to cope with when you go off to university. ____31____ For most students, a completely new environment is waiting to be explored. We recently drove our daughter Evie 150 miles to start life as a fresher. It was a struggle to find the car park, let alone explore the huge campus. Although we knew she had flatmates and phone apps to get her to fit in, the challenge ahead was clear—to find her way in an unfamiliar world. ____32____ In a recent study, volunteers walked around a virtual forest environment. Then some of them took the same walk again, while others explored a different forest.___33___ According to the researchers, that was because exploring the new environment stimulated their dopamine (多巴胺) system—setting up their brains for memorizing things. Thus, they scored higher. So leaving home to study makes perfect sense. ____34____ But we may all be able to gain some of the benefits, even if it’s just by stimulating our senses and challenging our thinking skills. Here are three things to try: ◆ Go somewhere new to tackle an upcoming learning task—like memorizing a speech in the library, or revising for an exam in a park—and take an unfamiliar route to get there. ◆ ____35____To warm yourself up for learning, picture a city you know well, but imagine you’re tapped in a part of it that you’ve never visited. Then try to visualize exactly how you’ll get out. ◆ Play video games that get you moving through new landscapes. Then see whether it improves your success with other learning tasks, like practising a dance or mastering phrases for a foreign trip. A. Get lost in your imagination. B. Prepare yourself for a city tour. C. But exploring places as such is beneficial to memory. D. People prove to be more adaptable after new experience. E. The latter group performed better in memory tests straight after. F. There are new friends to meet and new responsibilities to accept. G. Young minds seem to gain most from being in strange surroundings. 【答案】31. F 32. C 33. E 34. G 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己女儿的例子，表达了人们在一个陌生的新的环境中，应该勇于探索和尝试的观点，作者认为这会给人们带来好处，并给出了一些具体的做法和建议。 【31题详解】 根据上一句“There’s a lot to cope with when you go off to university.”（当你离开家去上大学时，有很多事情要处理。），选项F. There are new friends to meet and new responsibilities to accept. （有新朋友要认识，有新的责任要承担。）补充说明了离开家去上大学时会面对的情况，与上一句是并列递进关系，承接上文，衔接合理。故选F。 【32题详解】 根据前文“It was a struggle to find the car park, let alone explore the huge campus.”（找到停车场都很困难，更不用说探索这个巨大的校园了。）和“Although we knew she had flatmates and phone apps to get her to fit in, the challenge ahead was clear—to find her way in an unfamiliar world. ”（虽然我们知道她有室友和手机应用程序让她适应环境，但前方的挑战很明显——在一个陌生的世界里找到自己的路。）可知，前文表达了目前主要的挑战是适应新环境，而不是探索校园；但根据第三段“According to the researchers, that was because exploring the new environment stimulated their dopamine (多巴胺) system—setting up their brains for memorizing things. ”（根据研究人员的说法，这是因为探索新环境刺激了他们的多巴胺系统—建立他们的大脑来记忆东西。）可知，探索新环境对大脑记忆是有好处的，所以选项C. But exploring places as such is beneficial to memory.（但探索这样的地方对记忆是有益的。）与前文有转折关系，合理引出了下文，符合语境。故选C。 【33题详解】 根据上一句“Then some of them took the same walk again, while others explored a different forest”（于是，他们中的一些人又走了一次同样的路，而另一些人则探索了另一片不同的森林）可知，前组的成员走的老路，后组的成员探索了新路；结合下一句“According to the researchers, that was because exploring the new environment stimulated their dopamine (多巴胺) system—setting up their brains for memorizing things. Thus, they scored higher.”（根据研究人员的说法，这是因为探索新环境刺激了他们的多巴胺系统—建立他们的大脑来记忆东西。因此，他们的得分更高。）可知，后组的成员在大脑记忆方面的测试得分更高，表现更好，与选项E. The latter group performed better in memory tests straight after.（后一组在接下来的记忆测试中表现更好。）句意相符，下一句是对选项E的具体解释。故选E。 【34题详解】 根据下一句“But we may all be able to gain some of the benefits, even if it’s just by stimulating our senses and challenging our thinking skills.”（但我们也许都能从中获益，即使只是通过刺激我们的感官和挑战我们的思维能力。）中的“But”和“all”和句意可知，空处应该是指某一部分人会从中获益，选项G. Young minds seem to gain most from being in strange surroundings.（年轻人似乎从陌生的环境中获益最多。）表达了这层含义，与下文衔接合理。故选G。 【35题详解】 空处为段落主题句，根据最后两段可知，应该为祈使句，故答案选自A或B；根据下一句“To warm yourself up for learning, picture a city you know well, but imagine you’re tapped in a part of it that you’ve never visited.”（为了给自己的学习热身，想象一个你熟悉的城市，但想象你身处其中一个你从未去过的地方。）可知，本段主要讲述要善于想象；选项A. Get lost in your imagination.（沉浸在你的想象中。）与其语意相符，符合语境。故选A。 四、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Shaine Kilyun was scrolling through videos on her phone one night in December 2020. Suddenly she ____36____ a video of dogs in wheelchairs. “That’s it!” she thought. Shaine had always loved animals and visited local veterinary (兽医的) clinics often. She was a ____37____ there. But Shaine cried when she learned older and disabled animals are often killed painlessly because they can’t walk and require extra ____38____. Now, as the young volunteer watched the disabled dogs in the video moving around in tiny wheelchairs happily and ____39____, her heart was filled with ____40____. “I can make wheelchairs for disabled animals!” she decided. As Shaine ____41____ on countless videos showing ways to make tiny mobility “wheelies” for animals, her ____42____ grew. The next day, Shaine headed to the hardware store and ____43____ some PVC pipes, foam and wheels and began ____44____ with designs. She tested out the carts on her own dog and cats. ____45____ she found a model that worked, she reached out to veterinarians she knew. Seeing Cypress, a disabled 7-month-old puppy, take off in her wheelie, Shaine became even more ____46____ to her project. She posted pictures of her carts on the Internet, and soon ____47____ started coming in. Shaine asks for a few ____48____of the animals and then custom-makes each wheelchair for the furry friends. She accepts just enough money to ____49____ costs. “I’m so pleased that I am able to fill a need,” says the ____50____ girl, “Helping disabled pets means the world to me!” 36. A. subscribed to B. came across C. checked out D. reflected on 37. A. teacher B. guest C. volunteer D. doctor 38. A. care B. duty C. recognition D. courage 39. A. cautiously B. worriedly C. healthily D. freely 40. A. sympathy B. curiosity C. hope D. doubt 41. A. carried B. clicked C. counted D. rested 42. A. excitement B. pride C. relief D. astonishment 43. A. produced B. gathered C. arranged D. bought 44. A. comparing B. dealing C. consulting D. experimenting 45 A. Before B. Once C. Unless D. Though 46. A. accustomed B. limited C. committed D. submitted 47. A. investments B. profits C. orders D. advertisements 48. A. measurements B. comments C. expectations D. behaviors 49. A. estimate B. reduce C. spread D. cover 50. A. sensitive B. considerate C. ambitious D. patient 【答案】36. B 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. C 41. B 42. A 43. D 44. D 45. B 46. C 47. C 48. A 49. D 50. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了志愿者 Shaine 为残疾动物制作轮椅的故事。 【36题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：突然她看到了一个关于坐轮椅的狗的视频。A. subscribed to订阅，同意；B. came across偶然遇到，偶然发现；C. checked out检查，结账离开；D. reflected on反思，反省。根据前文“Shaine Kilyun was scrolling through videos on her phone one night in December 2020.”以及“Suddenly”可知，Shaine是在浏览视频时偶然看到了这段视频。故选B。 【37题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她是那里的一名志愿者。A. teacher老师；B. guest客人；C. volunteer志愿者；D. doctor医生。根据后文“Now, as the young volunteer watched the disabled dogs in the video moving around in tiny wheelchairs happily”可知，Shaine是兽医诊所的一名志愿者。故选C。 【38题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是当 Shaine得知年老和残疾的动物常常因为不能走路且需要额外的照顾而被无痛安乐死时，她哭了。A. care照顾；B. duty责任；C. recognition认可，识别；D. courage勇气。根据上文“But Shaine cried when she learned older and disabled animals are often killed painlessly because they can’t walk”可知，因为动物不能走路，所以需要额外的照顾。故选A。 【39题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在，当这位年轻的志愿者看到视频中残疾的狗在小小的轮椅上快乐而自由地四处走动时，她的心里充满了希望。A. cautiously谨慎地；B. worriedly担心地；C. healthily健康地；D. freely自由地。根据上文“moving around in tiny wheelchairs happily”可知，残疾狗在轮椅上能够自由地移动。故选D。 【40题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，当这位年轻的志愿者看到视频中残疾的狗在小小的轮椅上快乐而自由地四处走动时，她的心里充满了希望。A. sympathy同情；B. curiosity好奇；C. hope希望；D. doubt怀疑。根据上文“Now, as the young volunteer watched the disabled dogs in the video moving around in tiny wheelchairs happily and ____4____”可知，看到残疾狗在轮椅上自由移动，Shaine心中充满了“希望”，想要为它们做些什么。故选C。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Shaine点击无数展示为动物制作小型移动“轮椅”方法的视频时，她变得更加兴奋。A. carried携带；B. clicked点击；C. counted数数；D. rested休息。根据空后“on countless videos”可知，因为是在手机上浏览视频，所以是点击视频。故选B。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Shaine点击无数展示为动物制作小型移动 “轮椅” 方法的视频时，她变得更加兴奋。A. excitement兴奋；B. pride骄傲；C. relief宽慰；D. astonishment惊讶。根据上文“As Shaine ____6____ on countless videos showing ways to make tiny mobility “wheelies” for animals”可知，Shaine有了为残疾动物制作轮椅的想法以及点击视频学习制作方法，推测她此时是兴奋的。故选A。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，Shaine前往五金店，买了一些PVC管、泡沫和轮子，然后开始尝试不同的设计。A. produced生产；B. gathered聚集；C. arranged安排；D. bought买。根据上文“headed to the hardware store”可知，Shaine是去五金店买材料。故选D。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，Shaine前往五金店，买了一些PVC管、泡沫和轮子，然后开始尝试不同的设计。A. comparing比较；B. dealing处理；C. consulting咨询；D. experimenting试验，尝试。根据下文“She tested out the carts on her own dog and cats.”可知，Shaine买了材料后开始尝试不同设计。故选D。 【45题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：一旦她找到了一个可行的模型，她就联系了她认识的兽医。A. Before在……之前；B. Once一旦；C. Unless除非；D. Though尽管。根据下文“she found a model that worked, she reached out to veterinarians she knew”可知，此处表示一旦找到可行的模型就联系兽医，用once引导条件状语从句。故选B。 46题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到7个月大的残疾小狗Cypress坐着轮椅跑起来，Shaine对她的项目更加投入了。A. accustomed习惯的；B. limited有限的；C. committed坚定的，投入的；D. submitted屈服的。根据上文“Seeing Cypress, a disabled 7-month-old puppy, take off in her wheelie,”可知，看到小狗用轮椅跑起来，Shaine对项目更加投入了。be committed to 表示“致力于，投入”。故选C。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在网上发布了她制作的轮椅的照片，很快订单就来了。A. investments投资；B. profits利润；C. orders订单；D. advertisements广告。根据上文“She posted pictures of her carts on the Internet”以及后文她为动物定制轮椅可知，Shaine把照片发到网上后，收到了订单。故选C。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Shaine会要一些动物的尺寸，然后为这些毛茸茸的朋友们定制每一个轮椅。A. measurements尺寸；B. comments评论；C. expectations期望；D. behaviors行为。根据下文“then custom-makes each wheelchair for the furry friends”可知，因为要定制轮椅，所以需要动物的尺寸。故选A。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她收取的钱刚好够支付成本。A. estimate估计；B. reduce减少；C. spread传播；D. cover覆盖，支付。根据空前“She accepts just enough money”可知，Shaine只接受足够的钱来支付成本。故选D。 【50题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我很高兴我能够满足一种需求，”这位体贴的女孩说，“帮助残疾宠物对我来说意义重大！”A. sensitive敏感的；B. considerate体贴的；C. ambitious有野心的；D. patient耐心的。根据下文“Helping disabled pets means the world to me!”以及前文语境可知，Shaine为残疾动物制作轮椅，满足它们的需求，说明她是体贴的。故选B。 第二部分 非选择题（共60分） 五、单词拼写（共15小题，每小题1分，共15分） 请用M3U3-M4U1所学的单词的适当形式填空。 66-69请根据括号内的英文解释和首字母填入单词的正确形式，填入答题卡时需写出完整单词。 51. Everyone has a d _________ (a strong wish to have or do sth) for success, but not everyone has the courage and determination to fight for it. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】desire##esire 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：每个人都渴望成功，但并不是每个人都有勇气和决心为之奋斗。“a strong wish to have or do sth”意为“想要拥有或做某事的强烈愿望”，由首字母提示d可知，应用名词desire，空前有不定冠词a，应用单数形式。故填desire。 52. He left the party seconds before smoke was s_________(to see or notice a person or thing suddenly) coming up the stairs. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】spotted##potted 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：他离开派对的几秒钟后，就看到楼梯上冒出了烟雾。英文提示意为“突然看到或注意到一个人或一件事”，根据单词首字母可知应用动词spot，使用过去分词形式，与空前的was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填spotted。 53. The team were d_________ (upset because sth you hoped for has not happened or been as good as you expected) at the result of the game. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】disappointed##isappointed 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：球队对比赛结果感到失望。根据首字母以及“upset because sth you hoped for has not happened or been as good as you expected(因为你所期望的事情没有发生，或者没有达到你预期的那么好而感到沮丧)”可知，空处需要形容词disappointed“感到失望的”，在句中作表语。故填disappointed 54. She hopes to get a job on the local newspaper and e_________ (in the end, finally) work for The Times. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】eventually##ventually 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：她希望能在当地报社找份工作，最终为《泰晤士报》工作。根据首字母提示及英文释义in the end, finally“最终”可知，此处应用副词eventually，作状语，修饰动词work。故填eventually。 70-75根据括号内的单词填入单词同根词的正确形式。 55. It _________ (occur) to me that I could have the book sent to me the other day. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】occurred 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我那天想起了可以让别人把书寄给我。“it occurs to sb. that...”是固定句型，意为“某人突然想到……”。根据句中的时间状语“the other day”（前几天）可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，所以应该用一般过去时，“occur”的过去式是“occurred”。故填occurred。 56. The doctors have set out their _________ (argue) against the proposals. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】arguments##argument 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：医生们提出了反对这些提议的论点。本空作set out的宾语，应用名词形式，argue的名词形式为argument，意为“论点，争论”，可使用单数形式表示一个论点，也可使用复数形式arguments泛指多个论点。故填arguments/argument。 57. The student is _________ (passion) about the project. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】passionate 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这个学生对这个项目充满热情。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语be passionate about“对……充满热情”，形容词passionate (热情的)作表语。故填passionate。 58. The professor applied for the chance to go into space without _________ (hesitate). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】hesitation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这位教授毫不犹豫地申请了进入太空的机会。此处作介词宾语，应用名词hesitation“犹豫”，固定短语without hesitation“毫不犹豫地”。故填hesitation。 59. She failed to gain _________ (admit) to her ideal university. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】admission 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：她没能获得进入她理想大学的资格。空处需要名词作gain的宾语。 admit是动词，其名词形式为admission “准许进入；录取”。故填admission。 60. Visitors are not _________ (permit) to take photos in the museum. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】permitted 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：游客不被允许在博物馆里拍照。空处为句子的谓语动词，根据are not可知，空处需要过去分词，构成一般现在时态的被动语态，表示“游客不被允许在博物馆里拍照”。故填permitted。 76-80根据括号内的中文填入单词的正确形式。 61. My parents lent me the money. _________ (否则), I couldn’t have afforded the trip. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】Otherwise 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：我父母借给我钱。否则，我负担不起这次旅行。根据汉语提示“否则”可知，此处应用副词otherwise，作状语，修饰整个句子，句首单词首字母大写。故填Otherwise。 62. She felt nervous, increasingly _________ (缺乏的) in confidence about herself. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】lacking 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她感到紧张，对自己越来越缺乏信心。根据汉语提示“缺乏的”可知，本空应填形容词lacking，作状语。故填lacking。 63. It is bad_________(礼貌) to talk with your mouth full. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】manners 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：满嘴食物说话是不礼貌的。根据汉语提示“礼貌”对应的英文单词是“manners”。故填 manners。 64. Police insist that Michael did not follow the correct _________ (程序，步骤) in applying for a visa. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】procedure##procedures 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：警方坚持认为迈克尔没有按照正确的程序申请签证。根据汉语提示可知应用名词procedure，作宾语，可用单数也可用复数。故填procedure/procedures。 65. Under no_________ (情况) should you use the elevator during a fire. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】circumstances 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：在任何情况下，你都不应该在火灾期间使用电梯。under no circumstances意为“决不，无论如何都不”。故填circumstances。 六、短语填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 请用M3U3-M4U1所学的短语的适当形式填空。 66. So far, the typhoon __________ (导致，引起) many thousands of deaths in the country. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】has brought about##has resulted in##has led to##has given rise to 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、固定短语。句意：到目前为止，这场台风已在该国造成了数千人死亡。根据汉语提示“导致，引起”可知，用固定短语bring about/result in/lead to/give rise to，根据So far可知，“导致，引起”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子时态应用现在完成时，又因主语the typhoon是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。故填：has brought about/has resulted in/has led to/has given rise to。 67. We must get the rescue crew here as soon as possible, for time __________(即将耗尽) for the trapped miners. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】is running out##will run out## is about to run out 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：我们必须尽快把救援队带来，因为被困矿工的时间已经不多了。“耗尽”为run out。“即将耗尽”可以用现在进行时表示将来或者一般将来时（will+动词原形或者be about to do sth）。故填is running out/will run out / is about to run out。 68. __________ (在一定程度上), what she argues is true. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】To some extent 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：在一定程度上，她所说的确实是对的。“在一定程度上”为to some extent，首字母大写，作状语。故填To some extent。 69. She reminded her kids to take the keys __________ (以防) she was out. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】in case 【解析】 【详解】考查目的状语从句。句意：她提醒她的孩子们带上钥匙，以防她不在家。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要in case“以防”，引导目的状语从句。故填in case。 70. __________ (继续) walking until you get to the crossroads, and turn left. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】Carry on 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：继续走直到你到达十字路口，然后左转。“继续”为carry on。本句为祈使句，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Carry on。 71. People attending the wedding__________(身穿) their Sunday best and looked amazing. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】were dressed in 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：参加婚礼的人都穿着最好的衣服，看起来很漂亮。“be dressed in”是固定短语，意为“穿着；身穿”。句子描述过去的事情，时态为一般过去时，主语“People”是复数，所以用“were dressed in”。故填were dressed in。 72. Jim looked back on the years in tears when he __________ (寻找财富) in the big cities. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】sought his fortune 【解析】 【详解】考查一般过去时和固定搭配。句意：吉姆泪流满面地回顾他在大城市寻找财富的那些年。分析句子结构可知，when引导的时间状语从句中，he是主语，空处填谓语，且根据主句的looked back可知，此处要用一般过去时；“seek one’s fortune”是固定搭配，意为“寻求财富”，seek的过去时是sought，one’s这里用his。故填sought his fortune。 73. Over 1,000 rescuers joined the team __________ (希望) finding survivors. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】in the hope of 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：超过 1000 名救援人员加入了这个队伍，希望能找到幸存者。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要介词短语in the hope of“怀着……的希望；希望……”。故填in the hope of。 74. Can I buy you lunch __________ (作为回报) for your help? (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】in return 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：为了回报你对我的帮助，我能请你吃午饭吗？根据汉语提示可知，空处需要介词短语in return“作为回报”。故填in return。 75. It was the power of __________(追逐梦想) that brought him to this city far away from home. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】pursuing his dreams##the pursuit of his dreams##pursuing his dream##the pursuit of his dream 【解析】 【详解】考查动名词和名词短语。句意：正是追逐梦想的力量将他带到了这个远离家乡的城市。pursue 动词“追逐”，dream为可数名词，一个人的梦想可能是一个也可能是多个，故本题中dream单复数都可以，空前of为介词，空处为动名词形式作宾语，故可填pursuing his dream(s)；另外，pursuit为名词“追求”，空处还可以用名词短语the pursuit of his dream(s)作介词宾语。故填pursuing his dream(s)/the pursuit of his dream(s)。 七、语篇填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空（正确形式可使用两个词或以上）。 When I saw Li Ziqi making a dress and dyeing it with grape skins all by herself, I was struck by the calmness and purposefulness ____76____ she shows in her videos. Unlike other serious introductions to traditional Chinese crafts, her channel is a perfect ____77____ (combine) of the beauty of nature and hard work in poetry. ____78____ the themes of her videos have changed a lot, her way of displaying peaceful country life and her confidence and positive attitude towards the world remain the same. In Li’s videos, besides conventional handicrafts of last generation which ____79____ (show) in an elegant way, followers are able to appreciate a lifestyle ____80____ (remove) from the busy modern world. As soon as we immerse (沉浸) ourselves into the dreamland she creates for us, we feel quite at home, ____81____ (leave) our stress and exhaustion behind. Li and her team are also fond of showing the ____82____ (detail) of the cooking processes of varieties of traditional Chinese dishes. For example, in her video about spicy tofu, she starts with harvesting soybeans, crushing them into powder and transforming ____83____ into tofu before it is finally cooked. All in all, Li Ziqi’s videos help me to free my mind ____84____ the cares of the daily grind (苦差事). She is the right person to help each of us find some _____85_____ (spirit) peace in our lives. 【答案】76. which##that 77. combination 78. Though##Although##While 79. are shown 80. removed 81. leaving 82. details 83. it 84. from 85. spiritual 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了李子柒视频的特点及影响。 【76题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：当我看到李子柒自己做衣服并用葡萄皮染色时，我被她在视频中表现出的冷静和目的性所打动。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the calmness and purposefulness，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作shows的宾语，应用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。 【77题详解】 考查名词。句意：与其他严肃介绍中国传统工艺不同，她的频道是自然之美和诗歌中辛勤工作的完美结合。此处作表语，且前面有不定冠词a修饰，应用名词单数形式combination，意为“结合”。故填combination。 【78题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然她视频的主题变化很大，但她展示宁静乡村生活的方式以及她对世界的自信和积极态度保持不变。前后句之间为转折关系，应用although/though/while“虽然”引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。 【79题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：在李子的视频中，除了上一代以优雅方式展示的传统手工艺外，粉丝们还能欣赏到一种远离繁忙现代世界的生活方式。此处为which引导的定语从句中的谓语，句子描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且which指代先行词handicrafts，与show之间为被动关系，应用般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are shown。 【80题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。本句谓语为are able to，此处为非谓语动词，且lifestyle与remove“移开，去除”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填removed。 【81题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一旦我们沉浸在她为我们创造的梦境中，我们就会感到宾至如归，把压力和疲惫抛在脑后。本句谓语为feel，此处为非谓语动词，且leave“留下”与其逻辑主语we之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填leaving。 【82题详解】 考查名词。句意：李子和她的团队也喜欢展示各种中国传统菜肴烹饪过程的细节。此处作showing的宾语，应用名词detail“细节”，不止一个细节，用复数形式表示泛指。故填details。 【83题详解】 考查代词。句意：例如，在她关于麻婆豆腐的视频中，她从收割大豆开始，将它们碾碎成粉末，然后变成豆腐，最后再烹饪。此处指代上文powder，且作动词transforming的宾语，应用代词it。故填it。 【84题详解】 考查介词。句意：总之，李子柒的视频帮助我摆脱日常琐事的烦恼。free sb. from sth.“使某人摆脱某事”，为固定短语。故填from。 【85题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她是帮助我们每个人在生活中找到一些精神安宁的合适人选。此处修饰名词peace，作定语，应用形容词spiritual，意为“精神的”。故填spiritual。 八、书面表达（满分15分） 86. 假设学校读书节正在进行中外经典文学作品读书分享征稿活动“My Favourite Character”，请你写一篇英语文章投稿，内容包括： 1. 简要介绍一部经典文学作品； 2. 介绍这部作品中你最喜欢的角色： 1）角色的品质以及体现品质的事迹； 2）角色给你带来的启发。 注意：1. 词数120以上； 2. 开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。 My Favourite Character As part of the school reading festival, I would like to share with you my favourite character from _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 My Favourite Character As part of the school reading festival, I would like to share with you my favorite character from Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. It tells of a girl named Alice who falls down a rabbit hole into a fantasy world. The creatures there are peculiar, intelligent and anthropomorphic. She experienced many fantastic things in wonderland which won’t happen in the real world. Among the various characters in the story, my favorite character is Alice. I am deeply impressed with many plots. When Alice falls down the hole, she doesn’t cry like a common girl. On the contrary she shows her bravery to us. That really impresses and moves me. We can learn a lot from this girl with a good imagination, manners and behavior. It is Alice’s bravery and purity that motivate me to pursue my dream positively even in face of the most difficult circumstances. We’ ll have no choice but to face the difficulties when we grow up, but we can’ t lose our inherent pure heart. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校读书节正在进行中外经典文学作品读书分享征稿活动“My Favourite Character”，要求考生写一篇英语文章投稿。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 经历：experience→go through 发生：happen→take place 令某人印象深刻：impress sb.→leave an impression on sb. 激励：motivate→stimulate 2. 句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：On the contrary she shows her bravery to us. That really impresses and moves me. 拓展句：On the contrary she shows her bravery to us, which really impresses and moves me. 【点睛】【高分句型1】She experienced many fantastic things in wonderland which won’t happen in the real world. (运用了which引导定语从句) 【高分句型2】It is Alice’s bravery and purity that motivate me to pursue my dream positively even in face of the most difficult circumstances. (运用了强调句型) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$