Unit6Topic2SectionD 课件 2024-2025学年仁爱科普版英语八年级下册

Unit 6 Enjoying Cycling Topic 2 Section D 1 Learning aims Practice the reading skills(skimming & scanning). Review adverbial clauses of time. Learn about the form of a diary. 2 目录 Content 01 Words and phrases 02 Grammar 03 Diary 04 Practice 3 01 Words and phrases 4 重点知识:词汇 01 方位词 1.北,北方_________ 2.东,东方__________ 3.西,西方________ 4. 在……旁边________ 5.东南方_______ 6.西南方_________ 7.东北方__________ 8.西北方__________ north east west beside 重点单词 southwest northwest southeast northeast 5 重点知识:词汇 重点单词 01 其他 1. 明信片 2. 假期 3. 野营,度假 4. 等,等待 5. 自行车 6. 空间;空地 7. 踩,跨步;台阶,脚步 8. 经历;经验 9. 到处　　 camp wait bicycle space step postcard vacation experience everywhere 6 重点知识:词汇 词形变化 east n. adj. 东方的; west n. → adj. 西方的; north n. → adj. 北方的 south n. →_______________adj. 南方的 eastern northern western southern 7 重点知识:词汇 词形转换 [tʊə(r)] n. 旅游,旅行;观光,游览 →_________ n. 游客 v. 推 → (过去式) → ____ (反义词) v. 拉 [dɪˈrekʃən] n. 方向,方位 → ______ adj. 直接的 → adv. 直接地 tour tourist push pushed pull direction direct directly 8 重点知识:短语 满是……的 一……就…… 踩着某人的脚 收到来自某人的某物 对……感到惊奇 忍不住做某事 挤出去 be full of as soon as step on one’s feet receive/get sth. from sb. be surprised at can’t help doing sth. push one’s way out in surprise 吃惊地 to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 give sb. a surprise 给某人一个惊喜 9 重点知识:短语 度假 制订计划 ____________________________等待某人 迫不及待做某事 计算出;制订出 向四面八方 ____________________________________ on vacation make a plan can’t wait to do sth. work out in all directions one and a half hours =one houand a half wait forsb./ sth. 一个半小时 10 重点知识:词汇 01 14. 跟随某人________________________ 15.在…中心_______________________ 16.在…的…（内部）__________________ 在…的…边（接壤）________________________ 在…的…（外部）______________________ 17.拿出____________________________ 18.做某事很高兴_________________________ come along with sb. in the center of…. in the + 方位词+of… on the + 方位词+of… to the + 方位词+of… take out have fun doing sth. 11 01 1．要表示A在B的范围之内时就用"A is in the …of B’’. Japan is in the east of Asia. 日本在亚洲东部。 2．要表示A在B的范围之外，且相隔有一定的距离. 就用"A lies to the … of B". Japan lies to the east of China. 日本位于中国东方。 3.要表示A在B的范围之外且 A与B相邻接。就用"A is on the … of B". Guangdong is on the south of Hunan. 广东在湖南南边。 方位词辨析 12 02 Grammar 13 02 Grammar Adverbial Clauses of Time ________ you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams. I’d like you to meet him with me ________ he arrives. Would you help me make a plan to explore Beijing _________ he comes? _______ they were exploring happily, more and more people came to the square. He didn’t raise his head ________ someone called him. _____________ the three boys saw each other, they all jumped around happily. While when before As until As soon as 14 Functions be That would _____ very interesting. It can _____ one million people. Tian’anmen Rostrum is _____________ Tian’anmen Square I can’t _______ to see it. It’s about one and a half hours _____ bike. by in the north of wait hold 15 时间状语从句 02 思考什么是状语？ 状语是修饰动词、形容词、副词等的句子成分。 说明时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件等。 可作状语的有：名词、副词、介词短语、不定式短语和从句等 16 时间状语从句 02 思考什么是从句？ 必须符合“从句的三个必须” ① 必须是句子； ② 必须有连接词； ③ 必须是陈述句 17 时间状语从句 02 思考什么是状语从句？ 用一个句子充当状语成分，那个句子就是状语从句。 I get up at six when it is dark. I get up at school where I study. 18 时间状语从句 02 状语从句 状语从句同副词，介词词组等作状语一样，用于修饰谓语， 说明谓语动作的时间，地点，方式，手段，条件，程度，比较，原因，目的，结果等 ①时间状语从句 ②地点状语从句 ③条件状语从句 ④结果状语从句 ⑤目的状语从句 ⑥让步状语从句 ⑦原因状语从句 ⑧比较状语从句 19 时间状语从句 02 I was watching TV at ten o'clock yesterday. I was watching TV when my mother got home. --------------------- ↓ 时间状语 -------------------------- ↓ 时间状语从句 20 时间状语从句 02 时间状语从句的引导词 when（当……时候）, while（当……时候）, before（在……之前）, after（在……之后）, till/ until（直到）, as soon as （一……就……）， as（当……时,一边……,一边……）等引导。 21 02 when/while/as的用法 - when 1.when 意为“当……时”，引导的时间状语从句中，从句的谓语动词既可以是延续性动词（一段时间），也可以是短暂性动词（时间点）。如： I will visit my good friend when I arrive. 当我到达时，我将去看望我的好友。(短暂性动词) Someone knocked at the door when I was sleeping. 当我正在睡觉时，有人敲门。(延续性动词) 22 02 2.while 意为“当……时”“在……期间”，引导的时间状语从句中，从句必须是延续性动词（表示一段时间），常用于进行时态。 Father was cleaning the car while I was playing computer games. 当我正在玩电脑游戏时，爸爸正在清洗汽车。 I made many frIends while I was in China. 当我在中国时，我交了很多朋友。 when/while/as的用法-while 23 注意：while 也可以作并列连词，表转折对比关系， 相当于but，译为“然而”。 例如： I like listening to music, while my brother likes doing sports. 我喜欢听音乐，而我的兄弟爱好运动。 when/while/as的用法-while 02 24 02 3.as 引导时间状语从句，表示“边……边……；当.....的时候” (1)表示两个动作同时发生（同一时间）as从句的动词是延续性动词。 学生们边听课边做笔记。 The students took notes as they listened. 我们总是边唱边走。 We always sing as we walk. when/while/as的用法 - as 25 02 3.as 引导时间状语从句，表示“边……边……；当.....的时候” (2)表示某事发生的过程中另一事发生.（一先一后） 正当他在说话的时候，出现了一声巨响. As he was speaking, there was a loud explosion. 当他正在睡觉时，小偷进来了。 As he was sleeping, a thief entered his room. when/while/as的用法 - as 26 02 如果从句动作和主句动作同时发生，并且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as 可以互换使用。 例如： 1. When /While /As we were dancing, a boy came in. （dance 为延续性动词） 2. When /While /As she was making a phone call, I was writing a letter. (make为延续性动词) when/while /as的互换 27 2.before/after 4.before 在...之前，引导时间状语从句。before从句往往带有否定的含义，常译为：还没等到….就…./还没来得及…就/……趁着还没……就…… You'd better get everything ready before you go to school. =You'd better get everything ready before going to school. 在上学前做好准备。 （解释，before 即可以作连词也可以作介词。当作介词时，用before doing sth.） He came in before I could stop him. 我还没来得及阻止，他就进来了。 28 2.before/after 5.after 在...之后 引导时间状语从句. I arrived after he left. 我在他离开之后到达。 After he arrived in Hangzhou ,he visited the west Lake first. =After arriving Hangzhou ,he visited the west Lake first. （解释after 即可以作连词也可以作介词。当作介词时，用after doing sth.） 29 3. till/until 用法 (1)主句的谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句用肯定形式表示这一动作或状态一直延续到until/till 所表示的时间为止. till 和until 都表示“直到”，常可换用，但till不用于句首，也不可用于强调句. I'll stay here until you come back. 我会待在这里，直到你回来。(stay 表示的动作可以持续） 30 3. till/until 用法 (2)主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时，用否定形式表示主句的谓语所表示的动作直到until 所表示的时间才发生. 构成句式not（否定句）...until...（直到...才） He didn't go to bed until he finished his homework. 他直到做完作业才睡觉。(go to bed 表示的动作不能持续) 31 as soon as 一……就……，引导时间状语从句。用来表示主从句的动作是紧接着发生的。 as soon as 在引导时间状语从句中，主语用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。（主将从现原则） I will call you as soon as I arrive in Shanghai. 我一到上海就给你打电话。 例： — Will you please give the dictionary to Jane？ — Sure. I'll give it to her __________ she arrives here. A before B until C because D as soon as 4.as soon as 32 5.时态问题 1.如果主句为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。（主将从现原则） 例如： I’ll give her the message when she comes.  她来时把信息交给她。 I’ll return the book as soon as I finish it.  这书一看完我就送还。 33 5.时态问题 2.如果主句是祈使句，从句要用一般现在时。（主祈从现原则） 例如：Don’t laugh at me when I make a mistake. 我犯错误的时候不要笑话我。 3.如果主句是含有情态动词的一般现在时，从句用一般现在时。（主情从现原则） 例如： You should be quiet when you are in the reading room. 当你在阅览室的时候你应该保持安静。 34 5.时态问题 4.如果主句是过去式，从句用一般过去式。(主过从过原则） He went to play football with his friends as soon as the class was over. 从句的位置： 时间状语从句放在主句之前或之后均可。 但在主句之前时，应用逗号与主句分开。 35 时间状语从句 before: “在...之前” ；after …“在...之后” as … “当...时，强调同一时间或一前一后。 while …“当...时候 ”（强调主从句动作同时发生） when …“当...时候 ”（可同时发生，也可以前后发生） not … until… “直到...才”主句动词可以是瞬间动词 until：直到...为止，主句动词必须是持续性动词 as soon as 一...就... 表示主句的动作紧接着从句的动作而发生 36 练一练 3.—Look! Here comes our school bus. —No hurry. Don’t get on it _______it has stopped. A. until B. after C. since D. when 4.Julie didn't leave her office ________ the police arrived . A however B whenever C while D until 5.I was waiting for you in the park until it got dark.（ 翻译句子）。 _________________________________ 我一直在公园里等你直到天黑。 37 02 练一练 单词填空 （用when/while/as填空） 1. I am watching TV ______ my mother is cooking. 2.______ he was speaking, everybody listened carefully. 3．It was already eight o'clock _________ we got there. 4.Have a good look at that man _________ you meet him. 5. _______ she grew older, she became more beautiful.  6. The man ran away _________ he saw the police. while While/When when when As When 38 练一练 1.The kids didn’t start to fly kites in the playground ______the rain stopped. A. if B. until C. whenever 2.一Hurry up. The bus is coming． —Oh, no. We mustn’t cross the street ____the traffic lights are green． A．after B. since C. while D．until 39 02 5. Jack came in ____ we were doing our homework. A. while 　 B. although   C .until D. where 6. I’d like to study law at university ____ my cousin prefers history. A. when B. while C. for D. whether 练一练 40 02 ( ) 7.- Please ring me up ______ you come to my house. - Sure, I will. A. after B. while C. before ( ) 8. As soon as we _______ at the park, we'll begin to plant trees. A. arrive B. arrived C. will arrive ( ) 9. _______ I was having dinner with my family, my friend Tony called me. A. While B. Before C. After D. As soon as 练一练 41 02 翻译 1.直到他告诉我，我才知道发生了什么事。 I didn’t know what happened until he told me about it. 2.昨晚他等着看足球赛一直到深夜。 He waited for the soccer game until it was mid-night. 3.别担心，她一到北京就会打电话给你。 Don’t worry. She will ring you up as soon as she arrives in Beijing. 4.当你在玩电脑游戏时，我正在做作业。 While you were playing computer games, I was doing my homework. 42 03 Diary 43 03 Have you ever been to Beijing? The Palace Museum 故宫 the Great Wall 长城 the Temple of Heaven 天坛 44 03 the Summer Palace 颐和园 45 03 Michael, Kangkang and Darren had a trip to Tian’anmen Square. After they came back Michael wrote a diary to remember the trip . How did they get there? They rode to Tian’anmen Square. 46 Read 1a again and fill in the blanks. Then put the key information in the right order. 1b Darren was _____________ came to Tian’anmen Rostrum ________ for Darren and _________ him at last ________ at Tian’anmen Square came to the Monument to the People’s Heroes 1 2 3 4 5 lost looked found arrived 47 Sunday, April 28th Sunny It was a fine day. Darren, Kangkang and I got up early in the morning.After we checked out bikes and bags, we rode to Tian'anmen Square. After one and a half hours, we arrived at Tian'anmen Square. We came to the Tian'anmen Rostrum first. There was a large picture of Chairman Mao on it. “Chairmao Mao once announced the founding of the people's Republic of China and the first national flag was raised here, “Kangkang told us. After we visited Tian'anmen Rostrum, we came to the Monument to the People's Heroes. It's in the center of the Square. There were many people there. We took a lot of photos. While we were having fun exploring, I found that Darren was lost. Kangkang and I were very worried. We looked for him everywhere. We even asked a policeman for help. Thank goodness! We found him at last. What a special trip! ① ② ③ 4 5 03 Listen to Michael’s diary for his trip to Tian’anmen Square. 1a What’s the main idea of the diary? 49 Sunday, April 28th Sunny It was a fine day. Darren, Kangkang and I got up early in the morning.After we checked out bikes and bags, we rode to Tian'anmen Square. After one and a half hours, we arrived at Tian'anmen Square. We came to the Tian'anmen Rostrum first. There was a large picture of Chairman Mao on it. “Chairmao Mao once announced the founding of the people's Republic of China and the first national flag was raised here, “Kangkang told us. After we visited Tian'anmen Rostrum, we came to the Monument to the People's Heroes. It's in the center of the Square. There were many people there. We took a lot of photos. While we were having fun exploring, I found that Darren was lost. Kangkang and I were very worried. We looked for him everywhere. We even asked a policeman for help. Thank godness! We found him at last. What a special trip! 到处，处处 谢天谢地！ 检查 ride(过去） ride (a bike) to sp. 骑车去某地 到达（小地点） arrive in +大地方 be done 表示被动 (升国旗：raise the national flag) have fun doing sth. 高兴地做某事 be lost 遗失，迷路 =here and there ask sb. for sth向某人索求... ask sb to do sth. 要求某人做某事 _______________多么特别的旅行啊=How special the trip is! Skimming: Read Michael’s diary for his trip to Tian’anmen Square. 1a 02 Skimming Read Michael’s diary quickly, then fill in the table. The weather What day was that day? How to get there The feeling after they found Darren 1___________ 2___________ 3___________ 4_________________ Sunny Sunday By bike Excited and happy 51 =We went to Tian’anmen Square by bike find找到 02 When we write a diary we should pay attention to: 格式： 一般是在左上角记上当天的日期、星期，时间的排列顺序与书信一致，星期写在日期之前；右上角写上当天的天气情况,日记的小标题写在下一行，也可省略不写。 表示天气情况的形容词，如：fine（晴朗的），cold （寒冷的），snowy（下雪的），sunny（晴朗的），rainy（多雨的），cloudy（阴天的）等。 53 02 写日记的时间一般是下午或晚上，有时也可以在第二天补写。因此,日记中所记述的事情通常发生在过去，常用一般过去时； 但当描写景色或展望未来时，可以用一般现在时或一般将来时。 时态 54 Describing Your Outdoor Experience Talk about the pictures in groups with the help of the following questions. Write a story and share it with your classmates. Project Don’t worry go camping run after a goat get lost help him get back 1) Why was the boy lost? 3) Who did he ask for help? 2) How did he feel when he was lost? 4) What should we do when we are lost? It was sunny last Sunday. Kangkang and his friends went to a mountain to go camping. At noon, they were hungry. So they took out some food and drinks. When they began to eat, Kangkang saw a goat run out of the forest. He was excited. So he ran after the goat and wanted to catch it. A few minutes later ,he found he got lost. He felt too frightened to know what to do . At that time , he saw a farmer working in the field. He asked him for help. At last, the farmer helped him get back home. What a special experience！ Describe like this： 03 时间状语从句专项练习 1．I was doing my homework ______ my mother was cooking in the kitchen.A．after B．while C．if D．until 【答案】B【详解】句意: 妈妈在厨房做饭的时候,我正在做作业。考查连词词义辨析。after在……之后；while当……时；if如果；until直到。根据“ I was doing my homework”和“my mother was cooking in the kitchen”可知，主从句都用过去进行时，且两个动作同时在进行，故用while引导的时间状语从句。故选B。 57 03 时间状语从句专项练习 2．The island country had fought against the invaders for more than ten years ________ it became an independent republic.A．before B．when C．since D．while 【答案】A【详解】句意：这个岛国在成为一个独立的共和国之前，与侵略者作了十多年的斗争。考查从属连词。before 在……之前；when 当……时候；since 自从；while 当……时。 58 03 时间状语从句专项练习 3. —When do you plan to tell everyone the truth? —Not ________ anyone finds out something is wrong. A．after B．when C．although D．until 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你打算什么时候告诉每个人真相？——直到有人发现出了问题。考查连词。after在……之后；when当……时候；although尽管；until直到。句子用“not until”表示“直到……才”，问答表达“直到有人发现出了问题我才告诉每个人真相”，用连词until来引导时间状语从句。故选D。 59 03 时间状语从句专项练习 4. Mr. Black walked around and offered help ________we were doing the experiment. A．if B．while C．after D．until 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我们做实验时，布莱克先生在周围走来走去给我们提供帮助。考查连词辨析。if如果，引导条件状语从句；while当……时，引导时间状语从句；after在……以后，引导时间状语从句； until直到……，引导时间状语从句。根据“walked around and offered help ...we were doing the experiment.”可知，此处指的是“我们做实验室时，老师在周围给我们提供帮助”，是while引导的时间状语从句。故选B。 60 03 时间状语从句专项练习 5. I was chatting with my friend online _________ my mother was cooking in the kitchen yesterday afternoon. A．before B．if C．while D．until 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨天下午我和我的朋友在网上聊天，而我妈妈在厨房做饭。考查从属连词辨析。before在……之前；if如果；while当……时；until直到……为止。前后两个句子都用过去进行时，表示两个持续性动作同时发生，用while引导时间状语从句。故选C。 61 03 时间状语从句专项练习 6. _________I got home, my mother was cooking in the kitchen. A．Until B．When C．If D．After 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我到家时，妈妈正在厨房里做饭。考查连词。until直到；when当；if如果；after在……之后。根据句意及“I got home”可知表达的是“当我到家的时候，妈妈正在做饭”，用连词when引导时间状语从句。故选B。 62 03 时间状语从句专项练习 7. —Look! Here comes our school bus. —No hurry. Don’t get on it ________ it has stopped. A．when B．after C．since D．until 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——看！校车来了。——别急。在它停下来之前不要上去。考查连词。when当……时；after在……之后；since自从；until直到……。根据“No hurry. 别急”可知句子表达的是“在它停下来之前不要上去”，即“它停了才上车”，not ... until ... 表示“直到……才”，符合句意，故选D。 63 03 时间状语从句专项练习 8. I can see a lot of beautiful buildings ________ I am walking home. A．so B．because C．before D．when 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当我走着回家的时候，我能看见许多漂亮的建筑。考查连词。so所以；because因为；before在……之前；when当……时候；看见漂亮的建筑和走着回家，这两个动作同时发生，所以用when；故选D。 64 03 时间状语从句专项练习 9. —Will you please give the dictionary to Jane? —Sure. I’ll give it to her she arrives here. A．before B．until C．because D．as soon as 【答案】D 【详解】本题回答语的含义是我一到这儿就把这本字典给她，as soon as表示一……就，与题意相符，故选D。 65 03 时间状语从句专项练习 10. I don't know if my uncle _______. I will tell him the truth as soon as he _______ tomorrow. A．will come; comes B．comes; will come C．will come; will come 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我不知道我叔叔是否会来。他明天一来我就告诉他真相。考查动词时态。第一句是if引导的宾语从句，根据“I don't know if my uncle”结合句意，可知这件事将来发生，可知应使用一般将来时，填will come；第二句是as soon as引导的时间状语从句，其时态遵循“主将从现”原则，可知此处使用一般现在时，填comes。故选A。 66 03 时间状语从句专项练习 11. It is much easier to make friends ___________ you have similar interests. A．unless B．when C．even though 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当你们有相似的兴趣爱好时，交朋友要更容易些。考查连词。unless除非；when当……时候；even though即使。根据“It is much easier to make friends及you have similar interests”，可知，当你们有了相似的兴趣爱好时，交朋友才会更容易。故选B。 67 03 时间状语从句专项练习 12. — Has Grandma arrived? — Not yet. She will give us a call as soon as she__________. A．lands B．landed C．will land D．was landing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——奶奶已经到了吗？——还没有。她一到就会给我们打电话。考查时间状语从句。lands到达；着陆，第三人称单数形式；landed过去式；will land一般将来时；was landing过去进行时。此句是as soon as引导的时间状语从句，遵循主将从现的原则，主句一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。故选A。 68 04 Practice 69 02 汉译英。 1.在度假 be on vacation 2.解出，计算出 work out 3.被……覆盖 be covered with 4.在……的北方（范围之内） in the north of 5.寻找 look for 70 02 汉译英。 6.直到……才 not...until... 7.因为……而出名 be famous for 8.情不自禁做某事 can't help doing sth. 9.从……获得乐趣 have fun doing sth. 10.多远 how far 71 02 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.I am busy preparing (prepare) for my speech tomorrow. 2.The kids are looking forward to spending (spend) the holiday at the seaside. 3.While we were doing our homework, he was playing (play) with a dog. 4.I couldn't help crying (cry) when I heard the bad news. 5.You will be lost (lose) if you walk through the forest alone. 72 02 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 6.When you go to a new place, you should remember the directions (direct). 7.There Chairman Mao Zedong announced the founding (found) of the People's Republic of China in 1949. 8.We had an exciting (excite) trip last Sunday. 9.Read the instructions(说明) carefully (careful) before taking the medicine. 10.Will you help me make a plan to explore (explore) Chongqing? 73 02 单项选择 （ C ）1.Tom will call me as soon as he _____ Shanghai. A.arrives B.will reach C.arrives in D.get to （ D ）2.I'm sure he'll come to see me before he _____ Beijing. A.will leave B.is leaving C.leave D.leaves （ B ）3.As she _____ the newspaper，Granny _____ asleep. A.read，was falling B.was reading，fell C.was reading，was falling D.read，fell 74 02 单项选择 （ D ）4.The boy _____ to bed _____ his mother came in. A.went not；until B.didn't go；after C.went；until D.didn't go；until （ A ）5.—Would you help me plan my vacation? —_____ A.All right. B.No, let's not. C.Thank you. D.Of course not. （ A ）6.—Mary can't help _____ the house.Why? —Because she is busy _____ a hotel. A.to clean; booking B.cleaning; booking C.cleaning; to book D.to clean; to book 75 02 单项选择 （ A ）7.What were you doing _____ Zhang Fang came in? A.when B.while C.where D.before （ D ）8.The _____ of the People's Republic of China is beginning of new China. A.find B.found C.founded D.founding 76 02 单项选择 （ C ）9.—_____ is it from Chongqing Library to Chongqingbei Railway Station? —Thirty minutes by subway. A.How long B.How much C.How far D.How soon （ D ）10.It took us _____ to finish the new research report. A.three hour and a half B.three and a half hour C.three and half hours D.three and a half hours 77 02 同义句替换，每空一词。 1.They rode to the Ming Tombs in the early morning. They went to the Ming Tombs by bike in the early morning. 2.What a wonderful trip! How wonderful the trip is! 3.We found him at last. We found him in the end . 4.I am busy doing my homework. I am busy with my homework. 78 02 同义句替换，每空一词。 5.The teacher went home after he went over the students' homework yesterday. The teacher didn't go home until he went over the students' homework yesterday. 6.The boy is too young to go to school. The boy isn't old enough to go to school. 7.They had fun last Sunday in the park. They enjoyed themselves last Sunday in the park. 79 99397.805 $$