专题06 句法考点之感叹句、祈使句、疑问句及其它 -2025年中考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（上海专用）

专题06 句法之感叹句、祈使句、疑问句及其它 目录 题型综述 1 解题攻略 2 感叹句 2 祈使句、疑问句及其它 7 中考练场 15 【题型解读】 英语感叹句：感叹句是表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子。一般用what和how开头。感叹句表示说话人的惊异、喜悦、气愤等情绪，由what或how引导，句末用感叹号，朗读时用降调。感叹句是历年中考常考的题型。 祈使句的构成来自陈述句的省略。祈使句变否定的方式有2种，另外要牢记1个包含祈使句的句式。 疑问句分为一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句和反义疑问句。陈述句通过助动词的倒装变一般疑问句，一般疑问句通过加疑问词变特殊疑问句，一般疑问句和特殊疑问句通过并列连词or变选择疑问句。陈述句+一般疑问句的省略形式构成反义疑问句。 【命题规律】 what引导的感叹句：What+形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语+其它；What+a+形容词（辅音音素开头）+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它；What+an+形容词（元音音素开头）+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它。 "how"引导的感叹句："how"意为"多么",用作状语,修饰形容词或副词（被强调部分）.如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果how修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用行为动词,这类句子的结构形式是： How+adj.（adv.）+主语+谓语+(it is)！ 如：① How cold it is today! ② How nice the pictures are! 祈使句需注意句子的动词形式，通常是动词原形或动词原形前加do、please等。另外，祈使句中的主语通常省略。 疑问句包括一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句等，根据句子的疑问词（如who, what, when, where, why, how等）和疑问句的语序（陈述句语序或倒装语序），确定句子的类型和意义。 其他特殊句式：可能涉及到倒装句、强调句等特殊句式，考查对于语法知识和句型变换的掌握。 【解题技巧】 1.注意句子的语气和结构，如感叹句的感叹词、感叹号的使用；祈使句的动词形式和语气；疑问句的疑问词和语序。 2.熟练掌握特殊句式的构成和变换方法，如倒装句的主谓倒装、完全倒装等；虚拟语气的用法和构成规律；强调句的强调部分和结构等。 3.在解题过程中，结合上下文理解句子的含义，判断句子的类型和用途，灵活运用语法知识进行分析和推断。 （一）感叹句 【考点诠释】 考点 考向 考法/命题角度 what引导的感叹句 考点01 感叹句单选 考点02 感叹句句型转换 A. What+形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语+其它； B. What+a+形容词（辅音音素开头）+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它； C. What+an+形容词（元音音素开头）+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它。 how引导的感叹句 D. How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语+其它； 1. What + a +形容词+名词+其他成分！ What a clever boy you are! 2. What + an+元音音素开头的形容词+名词+其他成分！ What an interesting book it is! 3. What +形容词+复数名词+其他成分！ What clever boys you are! 4. What +形容词+不可数名词+其他成分！ What bad news it is! What fine weather it is today! 5. What +a+形容词+具体化的抽象名词+其他成分！ What a heavy rain it is! What a great surprise it is! What a rich breakfast/ lunch it is! 6. How+形容词+其他成分！ How clever you are! 7. How+副词+其他成分！ How beautifully you dance! 8. How+形容词+ +名词+其他成分！ How good a computer we’ve bought! 9. How+主语+谓语 (动词不提前) How she dances! 10. How+主语+谓语+宾语(动词不提前) How I missed you! 11.省略感叹句中的主语和谓语 Strawberries! How nice! 【典题举隅】 1．（2025·上海浦东新·一模）________ pleasant it is to share a meal with our family members during the holidays! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 2．（2025·上海黄浦·一模）________ exciting it was to meet old friends again! We talked and laughed for hours! A．How B．How a C．What D．What a 3．（2025·上海闵行·一模）— China won the first gold medal at the 2024 Summer Olympic Games. —________ exciting news! A．What an B．What C．How D．What a 4．（2025·上海金山·一模）________ exciting finish the film has! Most of the audience think it is fairly dramatic. A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 5．（2025·上海崇明·一模）________ amazing news it is that our class has won first place in the singing competition! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 6．（2025·上海青浦·一模）“________ breathtaking view!” Alex exclaimed after reaching the top of the mountain. A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 7．（2025·上海杨浦·一模）________ creative the pictures are! They truly bring every character and scene to life! A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 8．（2025·上海宝山·一模）________ useful information Lily has posted on her blog! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 9．（2025·上海长宁·一模）________ amazing chance it is for you to travel abroad and experience a new culture! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 10．（2025·上海虹口·一模）I didn’t expect my baby brother to come to my graduation ceremony. ________ surprise! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 11．（2025·上海静安·一模）________ disappointing excuse you’ve made when failing to hand in your project on time! A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 12．（2025·上海普陀·一模）________ long journey you had! Just leave your luggage to me and have a rest. A．How B．What a C．How a D．What 13．（2024·上海奉贤·一模）______ great APP that Kitty designed for the elderly to call a taxi! A．What an B．What a C．What D．How 14．（2022·上海崇明·模拟预测）________ amazing trip it was! I even swam with dolphins last summer. A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 15．（24-25九年级下·上海·阶段练习）________ warm and rainy weather it was last November in Shanghai! A．What a B．How C．How a D．What 16．（2024·上海·模拟预测）________ fun it is to have a picnic near the river! A．What B．How C．What a D．How a 17．（24-25九年级上·上海·阶段练习）________ essential it is to improve the ability to communicate with others! A．How an B．What an C．How D．What 18．（24-25九年级上·上海黄浦·阶段练习）________ useful work they have done! A．What a B．What C．How D．What an 19．（24-25九年级上·上海宝山·期中）The C919, China’s self-made large plane, is now in use. _________ exciting the news is! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 20．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）Tony is allowed to join the new basketball team. ________ exciting news it is! A．What an B．How an C．What D．How （二）祈使句、一般疑问句、反义疑问句及其它 【考点诠释】 陈述句（肯定与否定） 1、谓语动词是be动词,助动词have, has, will,情态动词can，must，may，should等时，直接在这些词后面加not就构成否定形式。 2)You shouldn’t speak loud in public places. 1) Lily has already read this new book. (改为否定句)    Lily ______ ______ this new book ________. 2、谓语动词是行为动词而又没有助动词或情态动词时，必须在谓语动词前加助动词，一般现在时加助动词do ，第三人称单数加does，一般过去时加did，再和not构成否定结构。必须指出的是：don't, doesn't, didn't后都用动词原形。 1)Jill has lunch at school every day. (改为否定句)      Jill _____ _____ lunch at school every day.  2)The children had a good time at the party. (改为否定句)     The children ______ _____ a good time at the party.  3)Rose didn't drink any milk this morning.（改为肯定句)     Rose ______ ______ milk this morning. 一般疑问句 1、谓语动词是be动词、助动词、情态动词时，直接把这些词置于句首，句末改成问号 eg. There's something wrong with his bike.（改成疑问句）     ______ _____ _______ wrong with his bike? 2、谓语动词是行为动词时，必须在句首加上助动词Do、Does（三单）、Did（过去式）加上这些助动词后，句子谓语动词用原形。 1)Edison built a science lab himself when he was ten. （改成疑问句）   ____ Edison ____ a science lab himself when he was ten？  2)Those Japanese like Chinese food.（改成疑问句）     ______ those Japanese ________ Chinese food? 注意：改成否定句或一般疑问句的时候,要注意already要改成yet，some、something、somebody等分别改成any、anything、anybody等。另外，在改成否定句的时候注意把too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等；在改成一般疑问句的时候，常常把第一人称I、we改成第二人称you。 特殊疑问句 what, which区别：上下文有范围时用which There are so many kinds of camera, I don’t know which to buy. 1. How far is it from your home to your school? 2. How long is that ruler? How long have you stayed in Shanghai? 3.-How often do you go to school in the summer vacation?     - Three times a week. 4. -How many times have you visited your grandparents this month? -Three times 5. -How soon will you come back? -In 2 hours. 6. I paid fifty yuan for the sweater.     ______ ______ did you pay for the sweater? 反义疑问句 前肯后否 The old man answered the question, didn’t he?　 　 前否后肯 Jim is never late for school, is he? 前否：陈述部分含too...to，no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时 1)The old man made no answer, did he? 2)Li Lei never goes to school late,does he? 3)His aunt ate nothing for breakfast this morning. (反意疑问句)  His aunt ate nothing for breakfast this morning, ____ ____? 4)There's nothing wrong with the computer.（改为反意疑问句）  There's nothing wrong with the computer, ______ _____？ 否定前缀不能视为否定词 1.It is impossible, isn't it? 2.He is not unkind to his classmates, is he? 几种特殊情况 1. Let's go and listen to the music, shall we? 2. Don't do that again, will you? 3. He used to take pictures there, didn't he? 4. You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you? 5. We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we? 注意人称与时态一致 (不规则动词put cost set) The town government set up a new modern hospital for the farmers, _______? A. does it B. doesn't it C. did it D. didn't it --Lily didn't come to school, did she? --____. She was ill in bed. A. No, she did B. Yes, she did. C. No, she didn't. D. Yes, she didn't ①He's already finished his homework.(改成反意问句)     He's already finished his homework, ______ _____? ②He's already a little weak in English.(改成反意疑问句)     He's already a little weak in English,______ _____? 【典题举隅】 1．（2025·上海浦东新·一模）— _______ do the couple plan to move to the countryside? — To enjoy a quieter and simpler lifestyle. A．How B．What C．Why D．When 2．（2025·上海黄浦·一模）—________ can I get my order? I’m in a bit of a hurry. —It’ll be ready in about 10 minutes. A．How much B．How long C．How soon D．How often 3．（2025·上海闵行·一模）—________ did Liu Yang stay in the space station this time? —For six months. A．How far B．How often C．How much D．How long 4．（2025·上海杨浦·一模）—________ are the Summer Olympic Games held? —Every four years. A．How long B．How often C．How soon D．How many years 5．（2025·上海青浦·一模）The new medicine will have a good effect on his illness, ________? A．won’t it B．isn’t it C．hasn’t it D．didn’t it 6．（2025·上海松江·一模）Jane’s last name is hard to pronounce, ________? A．isn’t it B．is it C．isn’t she D．is she 7．（2025·上海松江·一模）—________ does it take to teach your dog to sit? —It’s smart. Only a few days. A．How B．How much C．How long D．How often 8．（2025·上海静安·一模）—________ is it to the mountain peak from here? —About two hours’ hike. A．How much B．How far C．How often D．How long 9．（2025·上海普陀·一模）—________ is the newly opened shopping centre? —It’s only ten minutes’ walk from our neighborhood. A．How far B．How long C．How many D．How often 10．（2025·上海嘉定·一模）— do you know about the new project? —Honestly, I know nothing. They haven’t shared any details with me yet. A．How many B．How long C．How often D．How much 11．（2022·上海崇明·模拟预测）Mrs. Green found her husband’s voice sounded strange on the phone, ________? A．doesn’t she B．didn’t she C．hasn’t she D．isn’t she 12．（2022·上海崇明·模拟预测）—________ differences can you find between the two pictures, Kevin? —Five. A．How many B．How much C．When D．Which 13．（2025·上海奉贤·一模）“Cathy, ________ afraid of speaking in public. You are no longer a little girl.” said Mum. A．be not B．not to be C．not be D．don’t be 14．（2025·上海杨浦·一模）Follow the safety instructions, ________ you could end up in a dangerous situation. A．or B．and C．so D．but 15．（2025·上海宝山·一模）Turn off the lights when you leave the classroom, ________ you will waste electricity. A．and B．but C．or D．so 16．（2024·上海长宁·二模）We can’t find this kind of materials in our country, ________ they. A．so can B．neither can C．so do D．neither do 17．（2017·上海青浦·二模）-I don't I know how to use the latest software. -________________. A．So do I   . B．So am I. C．Neither do I. D．Neither am I 18．（2017·上海长宁·二模）一I don't I know how to use the latest software． ________ A．So do I． B．So am I． C．Neither do I． 19．（2019·上海青浦·一模）--- Martin is keen on all kinds of outdoor activities. ---____________________________________ A．So is his brother. B．Nor is his brother. C．That’s all alright. D．I agree with him. 20．（2014·上海浦东新·二模）Mr. White’s never been to Taiwan Island before. ________ Miss Lin. A．Neither is B．Neither has C．So is D．So has 一、感叹句 1．（2023·上海·中考真题）—________ fine day today! Why not go hiking?    —Good idea! A．What an B．How C．What a D．What 2．（2022·上海·中考真题）_______ exciting singing contest they had yesterday! A．What B．How C．What an D．How an 3．（2021·上海·中考真题）________ amazing the film Hi, Mom is! Mother’s love always touches my heart. A．How an B．How C．What an D．What 4．（2019·上海·中考真题） beautifully little Simon dances in front of the camera! A．What B．What a C．How D．How a 5．（2018·上海·中考真题）The self-diving plane proves to be useful in many ways.___smart invention it is! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 6．（2016·上海·中考真题） wonderful speech Emma gave at the UN conference! A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 7．（2015·上海·中考真题）______ important it is for kids to imagine freely ! A．what B．what a C．what an D．how 8．（2014·上海·中考真题）The robot can help me sweep the floor. smart invention it is! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 9．（2012·上海·中考真题）______ wonderful concert they are putting on in the city square! A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 10．（2024·四川广元·中考真题）—________ fresh air it is in Qingcheng Mountain! —Yes. Because there are a lot of trees. A．How B．What C．How a D．What a 11．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—_______ fine weather! It’s a good match for going on a picnic. —Exactly. I simply can’t wait! A．How B．What C．How a D．What a 12．（2024·吉林长春·中考真题）________ helpful the speech is! It tells us to use the Internet safely. A．What B．What a C．How D．What an 13．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）—________ wonderful experience our family had in the Mogao Caves! —I’m glad you had a good time. A．What B．How C．How a D．What a 14．（2024·云南·中考真题）________ meaningful day! We volunteered to clean up our city park. A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 15．（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）—Hi, guys! Our team won the first place in the table tennis match. —________ exciting news it is! We are so happy about it. A．What B．How C．What an D．How an 16．（2024·西藏·中考真题）________ amazing magic show I saw yesterday! A．How B．What C．What an D．What a 二、祈使句疑问句及其它 1．（2023·上海·中考真题）—________ does your cousin attend guitar classes? —Twice a week. A．How long B．How much C．How soon D．How often 2．（2022·上海·中考真题）—There is an umbrella in the corner of the classroom. ________ is it? —Perhaps it’s Mary’s. A．Whose B．Who C．When D．Why 3．（2021·上海·中考真题）The amusement park has received many visitors, ________? A．has it B．hasn’t it C．does it D．doesn’t it 4．（2021·上海·中考真题）— The 10th China Flower Expo is being held in Chongming. ________ does it last? — About 40 days. A．How long B．How soon C．How far D．How often 5．（2020·上海·中考真题）—________is in charge of the summer concert？ —Jessie．She has a lot of experience． A．Where B．Why C．What D．Who 6．（2022·上海·中考真题）Have a balanced diet and exercise regularly _______ you will stay healthy. A．and B．or C．but D．for 7．（2020·上海·中考真题）—Tom，________here to carry the luggage upstairs for me，will you？ —All right． A．come B．came C．coming D．to come 8．（2018·上海·中考真题）Please______the rubbish into different litter bins according to the signs. A．puts B．put C．putting D．to put 9．（2015·上海·中考真题）Please ______ your exam papers once again before handing them in. A．going over B．went over C．go over D．to go over 10．（2014·上海·中考真题）_____ carefully, Michael! There’s a school ahead. A．Drive B．To drive C．Drove D．Driving 11．（2015·上海·中考真题） Leave the reference books behind, _____ you won’t be able to think independently. A．or B．and C．so D．but 12．（2023·上海·中考真题）Let’s hurry up, ________ we’ll be late for the lecture about fire safety. A．or B．so C．and D．but 13．（2017·上海·中考真题）Professor Tu Youyou never stops doing research on Chinese medicine, ______? A．is she B．does she C．isn’t she D．doesn’t she 14．（2016·上海·中考真题）_____ Diaey amusement parks are there in China? —Two. A．How many B．How often C．How soon D．How long 15．（2012·上海·中考真题）-- ______do millions of online users visit the home page of the government? -- To read the news and search for the information they need. A．When B．Where C．Why D．What 16．（2015·上海·中考真题）— father took part in the charity activity in the neighborhood yesterday? —Peter’s. A．Whose B．What C．Which D．Who 17．（2013·上海·中考真题）—_______ have you been in the sports club? —Since the first month I came to the school. A．How old B．How long C．How much D．How soon 18．（2011·上海·中考真题）Your English teacher has never lost his temper, _____ he? A．has B．hasn’t C．did D．didn’t 19．（2011·上海·中考真题）_____ T-shirt do you like better, the red one or the blue one? I prefer the red one A．How much B．How many C．Whose D．Which 20．（2011·上海·中考真题）Take the exam carefully, _____ you won’t get full marks. A．but B．and C．or D．so 2 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题06 句法之感叹句、祈使句、疑问句及其它 目录 题型综述 1 解题攻略 2 感叹句 2 祈使句、疑问句及其它 7 中考练场 15 【题型解读】 英语感叹句：感叹句是表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子。一般用what和how开头。感叹句表示说话人的惊异、喜悦、气愤等情绪，由what或how引导，句末用感叹号，朗读时用降调。感叹句是历年中考常考的题型。 祈使句的构成来自陈述句的省略。祈使句变否定的方式有2种，另外要牢记1个包含祈使句的句式。 疑问句分为一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句和反义疑问句。陈述句通过助动词的倒装变一般疑问句，一般疑问句通过加疑问词变特殊疑问句，一般疑问句和特殊疑问句通过并列连词or变选择疑问句。陈述句+一般疑问句的省略形式构成反义疑问句。 【命题规律】 what引导的感叹句：What+形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语+其它；What+a+形容词（辅音音素开头）+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它；What+an+形容词（元音音素开头）+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它。 "how"引导的感叹句："how"意为"多么",用作状语,修饰形容词或副词（被强调部分）.如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果how修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用行为动词,这类句子的结构形式是： How+adj.（adv.）+主语+谓语+(it is)！ 如：① How cold it is today! ② How nice the pictures are! 祈使句需注意句子的动词形式，通常是动词原形或动词原形前加do、please等。另外，祈使句中的主语通常省略。 疑问句包括一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句等，根据句子的疑问词（如who, what, when, where, why, how等）和疑问句的语序（陈述句语序或倒装语序），确定句子的类型和意义。 其他特殊句式：可能涉及到倒装句、强调句等特殊句式，考查对于语法知识和句型变换的掌握。 【解题技巧】 1.注意句子的语气和结构，如感叹句的感叹词、感叹号的使用；祈使句的动词形式和语气；疑问句的疑问词和语序。 2.熟练掌握特殊句式的构成和变换方法，如倒装句的主谓倒装、完全倒装等；虚拟语气的用法和构成规律；强调句的强调部分和结构等。 3.在解题过程中，结合上下文理解句子的含义，判断句子的类型和用途，灵活运用语法知识进行分析和推断。 （一）感叹句 【考点诠释】 考点 考向 考法/命题角度 what引导的感叹句 考点01 感叹句单选 考点02 感叹句句型转换 A. What+形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语+其它； B. What+a+形容词（辅音音素开头）+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它； C. What+an+形容词（元音音素开头）+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它。 how引导的感叹句 D. How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语+其它； 1. What + a +形容词+名词+其他成分！ What a clever boy you are! 2. What + an+元音音素开头的形容词+名词+其他成分！ What an interesting book it is! 3. What +形容词+复数名词+其他成分！ What clever boys you are! 4. What +形容词+不可数名词+其他成分！ What bad news it is! What fine weather it is today! 5. What +a+形容词+具体化的抽象名词+其他成分！ What a heavy rain it is! What a great surprise it is! What a rich breakfast/ lunch it is! 6. How+形容词+其他成分！ How clever you are! 7. How+副词+其他成分！ How beautifully you dance! 8. How+形容词+ +名词+其他成分！ How good a computer we’ve bought! 9. How+主语+谓语 (动词不提前) How she dances! 10. How+主语+谓语+宾语(动词不提前) How I missed you! 11.省略感叹句中的主语和谓语 Strawberries! How nice! 【典题举隅】 1．（2025·上海浦东新·一模）________ pleasant it is to share a meal with our family members during the holidays! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】D 【详解】句意：假期里和家人一起吃饭是多么愉快啊！ 考查感叹句。分析句子结构并结合标点可知，此句为“‌How+形容词+主语+谓语!”结构的感叹句。故选D。 2．（2025·上海黄浦·一模）________ exciting it was to meet old friends again! We talked and laughed for hours! A．How B．How a C．What D．What a 【答案】A 【详解】句意：再次见到老朋友是多么令人兴奋啊！我们有说有笑了好几个小时！ 考查感叹句。分析句子结构可知，此处是感叹句，中心词是形容词exciting，感叹句结构为How+形容词+主语+谓语+其他！故选A。 3．（2025·上海闵行·一模）— China won the first gold medal at the 2024 Summer Olympic Games. —________ exciting news! A．What an B．What C．How D．What a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——中国在2024年夏季奥运会上获得了第一枚金牌。——多么令人兴奋的消息！ 考查感叹句。news是不可数名词，设空所在句符合“What+形容词+不可数名词！”的结构，故选B。 4．（2025·上海金山·一模）________ exciting finish the film has! Most of the audience think it is fairly dramatic. A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这部电影的结局是多么激动人心啊！大多数观众认为它相当戏剧化。 考查感叹句。根据“...exciting finish the film has!”可知，中心词为可数名词单数finish“结局”，应用“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主谓”结构；exciting是以元音音素开头，不定冠词应用an。故选C。 5．（2025·上海崇明·一模）________ amazing news it is that our class has won first place in the singing competition! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们班在歌唱比赛中得了第一名，这是多么令人惊奇的消息啊！ 考查感叹句。句子是感叹句，中心词是不可数名词news，用感叹句结构“what+形容词+不可数名词+主谓”。故选A。 6．（2025·上海青浦·一模）“________ breathtaking view!” Alex exclaimed after reaching the top of the mountain. A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“多么令人惊叹的景色啊！”亚历克斯到达山顶后惊呼道。 考查感叹句。分析句子结构，此处符合what引导的感叹句，what a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+（主谓），breathtaking是以辅音音素开头的单词，需用a修饰。故选C。 7．（2025·上海杨浦·一模）________ creative the pictures are! They truly bring every character and scene to life! A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这些照片多么有创意啊！他们真的把每个角色和场景都带到了生活中！ 考查感叹句。本句是感叹句，中心词是形容词creative，符合感叹句结构 “How+形容词+主谓！”，故选A。 8．（2025·上海宝山·一模）________ useful information Lily has posted on her blog! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Lily在她的博客上发表了多么有用的信息啊！ 考查感叹句。根据“...useful information Lily has posted”可知此处对名词information感叹，对不可数名词感叹用what。故选A。 9．（2025·上海长宁·一模）________ amazing chance it is for you to travel abroad and experience a new culture! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这对你来说是一个出国旅行和体验新文化的美妙的机会！ 考查感叹句。根据空后的“amazing chance it is for you to travel abroad and experience a new culture”及标点可知，此处为“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”结构的感叹句，空后的“amazing”是以元音音素开头的单词，不定冠词用an。故选C。 10．（2025·上海虹口·一模）I didn’t expect my baby brother to come to my graduation ceremony. ________ surprise! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我没想到我的小弟弟会来参加我的毕业典礼。真是一个大惊喜！ 考查感叹句。感叹句的中心词surprise是可数名词单数形式，所以用结构：What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！surprise以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。故选B。 11．（2025·上海静安·一模）________ disappointing excuse you’ve made when failing to hand in your project on time! A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当你的项目没有按时上交时，你给出的借口是多么令人失望啊！ 考查感叹句。感叹句可以由what和how来引导，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词或副词。what引导的感叹句的结构有三种：What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语；What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语；What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语。how引导的感叹句的结构有：How+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+主语+谓语；How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语。本题中，excuse作名词，意为“借口”，是可数名词，因此用what引导，disappointing意为“令人失望的”形容词，其前用不定冠词a修饰。故选C。 12．（2025·上海普陀·一模）________ long journey you had! Just leave your luggage to me and have a rest. A．How B．What a C．How a D．What 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你的旅程真长啊！把行李交给我吧，你休息一下。 考查感叹句。根据空后的“long journey you had”及标点可知，此处为“What+a/an+形容词+名词单数+主语+谓语!”结构的感叹句，B项正确。故选B。 13．（2024·上海奉贤·一模）______ great APP that Kitty designed for the elderly to call a taxi! A．What an B．What a C．What D．How 【答案】B 【详解】句意：凯蒂为老人设计的一款打车应用程序是多么的棒啊！ 考查感叹句。分析句子可知，本句的中心词是单数名词APP，所以用what引导感叹句，结构是“What+a/an+形容词+单数名词（+主谓）！”，空后great首字母发辅音音素，所以不定冠词用a。故选B。 14．（2022·上海崇明·模拟预测）________ amazing trip it was! I even swam with dolphins last summer. A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这是一次多么奇妙的旅行！去年夏天我甚至和海豚一起游泳。 考查感叹句。此句的中心词为trip，是可数名词，符合结构：What a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主谓。amazing是以元音音素开头，应用an。故选D。 15．（24-25九年级下·上海·阶段练习）________ warm and rainy weather it was last November in Shanghai! A．What a B．How C．How a D．What 【答案】D 【详解】句意：去年十一月上海的天气又暖和又多雨！ 考查感叹句。根据题干及选项可知，此句为感叹句，中心词为不可数名词weather“天气”，应用“What+形容词+不可数名词+主谓!”结构。故选D。 16．（2024·上海·模拟预测）________ fun it is to have a picnic near the river! A．What B．How C．What a D．How a 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在河的附近野餐真有趣！ 考查感叹句。根据“fun”可知，fun为不可数名词，结合“what+adj+不可数名词+主谓”可知，此处what符合句意，故选A。 17．（24-25九年级上·上海·阶段练习）________ essential it is to improve the ability to communicate with others! A．How an B．What an C．How D．What 【答案】C 【详解】句意：提高与人沟通的能力是多么重要啊！ 考查感叹句。分析题干可知，本句强调的中心词是形容词essential，符合结构：How+形容词+主语+谓语+其他。故选C。 18．（24-25九年级上·上海黄浦·阶段练习）________ useful work they have done! A．What a B．What C．How D．What an 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他们做了多么有用的工作啊！ 考查感叹句。句子是感叹句，中心词是不可数名词work，用感叹句结构：What+形容词+不可数名词+主谓。故选B。 19．（24-25九年级上·上海宝山·期中）The C919, China’s self-made large plane, is now in use. _________ exciting the news is! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】D 【详解】句意：中国自制的大型飞机C919现已投入使用。这消息多么令人兴奋啊！ 考查感叹句。根据“…exciting the news is!”可知，此处为感叹句，中心词是形容词exciting，其结构为How+形容词+主谓！此处应用how引导感叹句。故选D。 20．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）Tony is allowed to join the new basketball team. ________ exciting news it is! A．What an B．How an C．What D．How 【答案】C 【详解】句意：托尼被允许加入新的篮球队。这是多么令人兴奋的消息啊！ 考查感叹句。感叹句结构：What+(a/an)+adj.+名词单数/复数可数名词或不可数名词+主语+谓语！或How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语！根据“… exciting news it is!”可知，是需要what引导感叹句，news不可数名词，不用冠词。故选C。 （二）祈使句、一般疑问句、反义疑问句及其它 【考点诠释】 陈述句（肯定与否定） 1、谓语动词是be动词,助动词have, has, will,情态动词can，must，may，should等时，直接在这些词后面加not就构成否定形式。 2)You shouldn’t speak loud in public places. 1) Lily has already read this new book. (改为否定句)    Lily ______ ______ this new book ________. 2、谓语动词是行为动词而又没有助动词或情态动词时，必须在谓语动词前加助动词，一般现在时加助动词do ，第三人称单数加does，一般过去时加did，再和not构成否定结构。必须指出的是：don't, doesn't, didn't后都用动词原形。 1)Jill has lunch at school every day. (改为否定句)      Jill _____ _____ lunch at school every day.  2)The children had a good time at the party. (改为否定句)     The children ______ _____ a good time at the party.  3)Rose didn't drink any milk this morning.（改为肯定句)     Rose ______ ______ milk this morning. 一般疑问句 1、谓语动词是be动词、助动词、情态动词时，直接把这些词置于句首，句末改成问号 eg. There's something wrong with his bike.（改成疑问句）     ______ _____ _______ wrong with his bike? 2、谓语动词是行为动词时，必须在句首加上助动词Do、Does（三单）、Did（过去式）加上这些助动词后，句子谓语动词用原形。 1)Edison built a science lab himself when he was ten. （改成疑问句）   ____ Edison ____ a science lab himself when he was ten？  2)Those Japanese like Chinese food.（改成疑问句）     ______ those Japanese ________ Chinese food? 注意：改成否定句或一般疑问句的时候,要注意already要改成yet，some、something、somebody等分别改成any、anything、anybody等。另外，在改成否定句的时候注意把too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等；在改成一般疑问句的时候，常常把第一人称I、we改成第二人称you。 特殊疑问句 what, which区别：上下文有范围时用which There are so many kinds of camera, I don’t know which to buy. 1. how far: 距离、路程（多远） 2. how long: 物体长度、时间长度（信号词：for+时间段） 3. how often：时间频率，信号词：once a year, twice a week等 4. how many times: 对具体次数提问 5. how soon：“过多久”， 信号词：in＋一段时间 6.How much对价格提出疑问。 1. How far is it from your home to your school? 2. How long is that ruler? How long have you stayed in Shanghai? 3.-How often do you go to school in the summer vacation?     - Three times a week. 4. -How many times have you visited your grandparents this month? -Three times 5. -How soon will you come back? -In 2 hours. 6. I paid fifty yuan for the sweater.     ______ ______ did you pay for the sweater? 反义疑问句 前肯后否 The old man answered the question, didn’t he?　 　 前否后肯 Jim is never late for school, is he? 前否：陈述部分含too...to，no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时 1)The old man made no answer, did he? 2)Li Lei never goes to school late,does he? 3)His aunt ate nothing for breakfast this morning. (反意疑问句)  His aunt ate nothing for breakfast this morning, ____ ____? 4)There's nothing wrong with the computer.（改为反意疑问句）  There's nothing wrong with the computer, ______ _____？ 否定前缀不能视为否定词 1.It is impossible, isn't it? 2.He is not unkind to his classmates, is he? 几种特殊情况 1. Let's go and listen to the music, shall we? 2. Don't do that again, will you? 3. He used to take pictures there, didn't he? 4. You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you? 5. We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we? 注意人称与时态一致 (不规则动词put cost set) The town government set up a new modern hospital for the farmers, _______? A. does it B. doesn't it C. did it D. didn't it 注意上下文逻辑一致 对前否后肯的反义疑问句回答时要“实话实说” --Lily didn't come to school, did she? --____. She was ill in bed. A. No, she did B. Yes, she did. C. No, she didn't. D. Yes, she didn't 注意反意问句中要注意到有些词的缩略形式。   例如： 's既是has也是is的缩略形式。 'd既是would也是had的缩略形式。 ①He's already finished his homework.(改成反意问句)     He's already finished his homework, ______ _____? ②He's already a little weak in English.(改成反意疑问句)     He's already a little weak in English,______ _____? 【典题举隅】 1．（2025·上海浦东新·一模）— _______ do the couple plan to move to the countryside? — To enjoy a quieter and simpler lifestyle. A．How B．What C．Why D．When 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——为什么这对夫妇计划搬到农村？——为了享受更安静和更简单的生活。 考查特殊疑问词。How如何；What什么；Why为什么；When什么时候。根据“To enjoy a quieter and simpler lifestyle.”可知，这对夫妇计划搬到农村是为了享受更安静和更简单的生活。是在说原因。故选C。 2．（2025·上海黄浦·一模）—________ can I get my order? I’m in a bit of a hurry. —It’ll be ready in about 10 minutes. A．How much B．How long C．How soon D．How often 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我多久以后能拿到我点的东西？我有一点赶时间。——大约10分钟后就好。 考查特殊疑问词辨析。How much多少；多少钱；How long多久；How soon多久以后；How often多久一次。根据“It’ll be ready in about 10 minutes.”可知。考查此处表示我多久以后能拿到我点的东西。故选C。 3．（2025·上海闵行·一模）—________ did Liu Yang stay in the space station this time? —For six months. A．How far B．How often C．How much D．How long 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——刘洋这次在空间站待了多长时间？——六个月。 考查特殊疑问句。How far多远；How often多久一次；How much多少钱；How long多长时间。根据“For six months.”可知，是对时间段进行提问，用how long引导特殊疑问句。故选D。 4．（2025·上海杨浦·一模）—________ are the Summer Olympic Games held? —Every four years. A．How long B．How often C．How soon D．How many years 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——夏季奥运会多久举行一次？ ——每四年一次。 考查特殊疑问句。How long多久；How often多久一次；How soon多久以后；How many years多少年。根据答语“Every four years.”可知，此处是询问夏季奥运会举办的频率，应用how often作特殊疑问词。故选B。 5．（2025·上海青浦·一模）The new medicine will have a good effect on his illness, ________? A．won’t it B．isn’t it C．hasn’t it D．didn’t it 【答案】A 【详解】句意：新药对他的病会有很好的效果，是吗？ 考查反意疑问句。根据“The new medicine will have a good effect on his illness”可知此处是反意疑问句，遵循“前肯后否”的原则，结合will，可知反问需用will+not，省略为won’t的形式。故选A。 6．（2025·上海松江·一模）Jane’s last name is hard to pronounce, ________? A．isn’t it B．is it C．isn’t she D．is she 【答案】A 【详解】句意：简的姓很难念，不是吗？ 考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则，根据“Jane’s last name is hard to pronounce”可知，陈述部分是肯定句，所以疑问部分用否定式，排除B、D；主语是“Jane’s last name”，所以疑问部分的主语用it指代，故选A。 7．（2025·上海松江·一模）—________ does it take to teach your dog to sit? —It’s smart. Only a few days. A．How B．How much C．How long D．How often 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——教你的狗坐下需要多长时间？——它很聪明。只用了几天。 考查特殊疑问句。How怎样，询问方式方法；How much多少（询问不可数名词的数量），多少钱（询问价格）；How long多长时间，询问时长；How often多长时间一次，询问频率。根据答语“Only a few days.”可知，此处询问时长，C项符合。故选C。 8．（2025·上海静安·一模）—________ is it to the mountain peak from here? —About two hours’ hike. A．How much B．How far C．How often D．How long 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——从这里到山顶有多远？——大约两个小时的徒步行程。 考查特殊疑问句。How much多少钱；How far多远；How often多久一次；How long多长时间。根据“About two hours’ hike.”可知，此处询问的是距离，故用疑问词how far。故选B。 9．（2025·上海普陀·一模）—________ is the newly opened shopping centre? —It’s only ten minutes’ walk from our neighborhood. A．How far B．How long C．How many D．How often 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——新开的购物中心有多远？——离我们的小区只有十分钟的步行路程。 考查特殊疑问句。How far多远；How long多长时间；How many多少；How often多长时间一次。根据答语“It’s only ten minutes’ walk from our neighborhood.”可知，此处询问距离，A项符合。故选A。 10．（2025·上海嘉定·一模）— do you know about the new project? —Honestly, I know nothing. They haven’t shared any details with me yet. A．How many B．How long C．How often D．How much 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你对这个新项目了解多少？——老实说，我什么都不知道。他们还没有告诉我任何细节。 考查特殊疑问句。How many多少，对复数名词数量提问；How long多久，常用于对时间段提问；How often多久一次，对频率提问；How much多少，用于对不可数名词的数量提问，也可用于询问程度等。根据“Honestly, I know nothing. They haven’t shared any details with me yet”可知，问句是在问对新项目了解的程度，故应用how much。故选D。 11．（2022·上海崇明·模拟预测）Mrs. Green found her husband’s voice sounded strange on the phone, ________? A．doesn’t she B．didn’t she C．hasn’t she D．isn’t she 【答案】B 【详解】句意：格林夫人发现她丈夫的声音在电话里听起来很奇怪，对吗？ 考查反意疑问句。分析句子可知，此处是反意疑问句：陈述句+附加疑问句。再根据谓语“found”可知，附加疑问句由didn’t和主语she构成。故选B。 12．（2022·上海崇明·模拟预测）—________ differences can you find between the two pictures, Kevin? —Five. A．How many B．How much C．When D．Which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——在这两张图片中，你能找到多少处不同，凯文？——五处。 考查特殊疑问句。How many多少，用于提问可数名词复数；How much多少，用于提问不可数名词；When什么时候；Which哪一个。根据“differences”和答语“Five”可知，此处询问多少处不同，是对可数名词复数的提问。故选A。 13．（2025·上海奉贤·一模）“Cathy, ________ afraid of speaking in public. You are no longer a little girl.” said Mum. A．be not B．not to be C．not be D．don’t be 【答案】D 【详解】句意：妈妈说：“Cathy，不要害怕在公共场合发言。你不再是个小女孩了。” 考查否定祈使句。分析句子结构可知，原句是否定祈使句，其结构为don’t+动词原形，故选D。 14．（2025·上海杨浦·一模）Follow the safety instructions, ________ you could end up in a dangerous situation. A．or B．and C．so D．but 【答案】A 【详解】句意：遵从安全指示，否则你会陷入危险的境地。 考查连词辨析。or否则；and并且；so所以；but但是。根据“Follow the safety instructions, … you could end up in a dangerous situation.”可知，此处是“祈使句+or+陈述句”结构，前后句之间存在一种相反的假设关系，即如果不遵守安全说明，就会陷入危险境地。故选A。 15．（2025·上海宝山·一模）Turn off the lights when you leave the classroom, ________ you will waste electricity. A．and B．but C．or D．so 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当你离开教室时要关灯，否则你将会浪费电。 考查连词词义辨析。and并且；but但是；or否则；so所以。根据“Turn off the lights when you leave the classroom,...you will waste electricity.”可知，此处是“祈使句+or+陈述句”结构，前后表示转折关系，即：要关灯，否则会浪费电。故选C。 16．（2024·上海长宁·二模）We can’t find this kind of materials in our country, ________ they. A．so can B．neither can C．so do D．neither do 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们在我们国家找不到这种材料，他们也是。 考查倒装句。根据“We can’t find this kind of materials in our country, ... they.”可知，句子后半句表示 “他们也不能”，本句前半句是否定句，因此后半句是用neither引导的倒装句，其结构为neither+情态动词/助动词/be动词+主语；由 “can’t ” 可知，此处用情态动词can。故选B。 17．（2017·上海青浦·二模）-I don't I know how to use the latest software. -________________. A．So do I   . B．So am I. C．Neither do I. D．Neither am I 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我不知道怎样使用这个最新的软件。——我也不知道。 So do I.我也是。表示倒装，只能用于肯定句；So am I.我也是。Neither do I.我也不；Neither am I.我也不是。根据I don’t know how to use….可知，这是一个否定句，故排除A和B；know是实意动词，应用助动词do，故选C。 18．（2017·上海长宁·二模）一I don't I know how to use the latest software． ________ A．So do I． B．So am I． C．Neither do I． 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我不知道如何使用最新的软件。  ——我也不知道。 "So+助动词/情态动词/be+主语"这一结构主要用来说明前者所说的情况也适应后者，意为"…也一样"根据题干，在这个结构中的助动词要根据前者的情况保持一致；其否定结构构成是"Nor/Neither+助动词/情态动词/be+主语"，"表示…也不"；对于助动词、情态动词和be动词的用法，应根据前句使用的词加以选择，与前句的词保持一致。根据前句的 don't 这里是否定形式，所以后面应该用肯定形式，这里用neither；故选C。 19．（2019·上海青浦·一模）--- Martin is keen on all kinds of outdoor activities. ---____________________________________ A．So is his brother. B．Nor is his brother. C．That’s all alright. D．I agree with him. 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——马丁热衷于各种户外活动。——他的弟弟也是。A. So is his brother.    他的弟弟是；B. Nor is his brother.他的弟弟不是；C. That’s all alright.没关系；D. I agree with him.我同意他。根据上文Martin is keen on all kinds of outdoor activities.可知这里是肯定回答，下文是So is his brother.他的弟弟也是。So+助动词+主语，表示主语也是这样；Nor+助动词+主语，表示主语也不是这样。根据题意，故选A。 20．（2014·上海浦东新·二模）Mr. White’s never been to Taiwan Island before. ________ Miss Lin. A．Neither is B．Neither has C．So is D．So has 【答案】B 【详解】句意：以前怀特先生从来没去过台湾岛，林女士也是。So do I的用法，该结构主要用来说明前面所说的情况也同样适用于后面的人或物，“……也一样”。该结构中的助动词do 根据前文的情况也可换成is, am, are, was, were, does, did, can, could 等，但是如果前面所述情况为否定式，则用neither, nor引出倒装句(此时不能用so).前句中的’s是has的缩写。结合句意，故选B。 一、感叹句 1．（2023·上海·中考真题）—________ fine day today! Why not go hiking?    —Good idea! A．What an B．How C．What a D．What 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——今天天气真好！为什么不去徒步旅行呢？——好主意！ 考查感叹句。根据“…fine day today!”可知，中心词是day，为可数名词，此句应用what引导感叹句，其结构为“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语”。故选C。 2．（2022·上海·中考真题）_______ exciting singing contest they had yesterday! A．What B．How C．What an D．How an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他们昨天举行了多么令人兴奋的歌唱比赛啊！ 考查感叹句。本句中心词为contest，是可数名词单数，符合结构“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主谓！”。故选C。 3．（2021·上海·中考真题）________ amazing the film Hi, Mom is! Mother’s love always touches my heart. A．How an B．How C．What an D．What 【答案】B 【详解】句意：《你好，李焕英》这部电影真棒！母亲的爱总是触动我的心。 考查感叹句。本句强调的中心词为形容词“amazing”，此处为how引导的感叹句，结构为：“How+adj.+主谓!”。故选B。 4．（2019·上海·中考真题） beautifully little Simon dances in front of the camera! A．What B．What a C．How D．How a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：小西蒙在镜头前跳舞跳的多美啊！ 这里是感叹句，beautifully是副词，感叹副词用how来感叹，其结构是How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语。根据题意，故选C。 【点睛】由"how"引导的感叹句："how"意为"多么",用作状语,修饰形容词或副词（被强调部分）.如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果how修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用行为动词,这类句子的结构形式是： How+adj.（adv.）+主语+谓语+(it is)！ 如：① How cold it is today! 今天多么冷呀! ② How nice the pictures are! 多么漂亮的图画呀! ③ How happy they look! 他们显得多么高兴呀! ④ How well she sings! 她唱得多好呀! ⑤ How hard they are working now! 5．（2018·上海·中考真题）The self-diving plane proves to be useful in many ways.___smart invention it is! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】B 【详解】句意：自潜水飞机在很多方面都有用途。多么聪明的发明啊！感叹句一般有两种结构：What +(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！名词是复数或不可数名词，不加a/an。How+形容词+主语+谓语！本句的中心词invention为可数名词单数形式，应该用what来引导，smart以辅音音素开头，前面应该用不定冠词a，故答案为B。 点睛：判断感叹句是由what还是how引导的方法：首先，断句。从句子后面向前看，找到“主语+谓语+其他”部分，把句子断开；其次，观察。观察句子前面剩余部分为名词（词组），还是形容词或副词；再次，加词。若是名词（词组），那么本句由what（a/an）引导；若是形容词或副词，那么本句就由how 引导。 6．（2016·上海·中考真题） wonderful speech Emma gave at the UN conference! A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：艾玛在联合国会议的演讲多么精彩啊！ 考查感叹句。A. How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语+其它；B. What+形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语+其它；C. What+a+形容词（辅音音素开头）+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它；D. What+an+形容词（元音音素开头）+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它。句中wonderful为形容词，并且首音素/w/为辅音音素，speech为可数名词，故前面应用不定冠词a，主语为Emma，谓语为gave，at the UN conference状语，所以应用What+a+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它，答选C。 【点睛】英语感叹句：感叹句是表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子。一般用what和how开头。1. what引导的感叹句：What+形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语+其它；What+a+形容词（辅音音素开头）+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它；What+an+形容词（元音音素开头）+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它。例如：What a lovely boy he is! 2. how引导的感叹句：How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语+其它。例如：How tall the boy is! 本题考查what引导的感叹句。 7．（2015·上海·中考真题）______ important it is for kids to imagine freely ! A．what B．what a C．what an D．how 【答案】D 【详解】句意：对于孩子们自由的想象是多么的重要呀！感叹句一般有两种结构：what +(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！名词是复数或不可数名词，不加a/an.how+形容词+主语+谓语！根据该句是对形容词进行感叹，故选D。 8．（2014·上海·中考真题）The robot can help me sweep the floor. smart invention it is! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】B 【详解】感叹句主要有what和how构成： 1、what修饰名词或名词短语，有以下两种形式： 1. What+a(an)+（形容词）+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！或是：What+名词词组+主语+谓语！ 2. What+(形容词）+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语！ 2、How引导的感叹句。 how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。其结构是：How+形容词（副词）+主语+谓语！ 根据smart invention it is可知选B。 9．（2012·上海·中考真题）______ wonderful concert they are putting on in the city square! A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他们在城市广场上演的音乐会真精彩！wonderful是一个形容词，用what ，用a 不是an，答案选C。 10．（2024·四川广元·中考真题）—________ fresh air it is in Qingcheng Mountain! —Yes. Because there are a lot of trees. A．How B．What C．How a D．What a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——青城山的空气是多么的清新啊！——是的。因为有很多树。 考查感叹句。此句中强调的中心词是不可数名词air，所以用感叹句结构：What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语+其他。故选B。 11．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—_______ fine weather! It’s a good match for going on a picnic. —Exactly. I simply can’t wait! A．How B．What C．How a D．What a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——多好的天气啊！这很适合去野餐。 ​——确实不错。我简直等不及了！ 考查感叹句。根据“fine weather”可知，中心词weather是不可数名词，结合what+adj.+不可数名词+（主谓）可知，what符合句式结构，故选B。 12．（2024·吉林长春·中考真题）________ helpful the speech is! It tells us to use the Internet safely. A．What B．What a C．How D．What an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这演讲真有帮助！它告诉我们要安全地使用互联网。 考查感叹句。句子是感叹句，中心词是形容词helpful，用感叹句结构：how adj.+主谓。故选C。 13．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）—________ wonderful experience our family had in the Mogao Caves! —I’m glad you had a good time. A．What B．How C．How a D．What a 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我们全家在莫高窟的经历真是太棒了！——我很高兴你玩得开心。 考查感叹句。根据“...wonderful experience our family had in the Mogao Caves!”可知，此句应为what引导的感叹句，结构为：what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语，experience在此处表示“经历”，是可数名词，wonderful是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a修饰。故选D 。 14．（2024·云南·中考真题）________ meaningful day! We volunteered to clean up our city park. A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：多么有意义的一天啊！我们自愿打扫我们的城市公园。 考查感叹句。中心词day是可数名词的单数形式，用what引导的感叹句结构：what+a/an+形容词+单数名词+主谓，meaningful是以辅音音素开头的，冠词用a，故选C。 15．（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）—Hi, guys! Our team won the first place in the table tennis match. —________ exciting news it is! We are so happy about it. A．What B．How C．What an D．How an 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——嗨，伙计们！我们队在乒乓球比赛中获得第一名。——多么令人兴奋的消息啊！我们很高兴。 考查感叹句。本句强调的中心词是不可数名词news，此处是“What+adj+不可数名词+主谓”句型，故选A。 16．（2024·西藏·中考真题）________ amazing magic show I saw yesterday! A．How B．What C．What an D．What a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨天我看了一场多么精彩的魔术表演啊！ 考查感叹句的用法。此句中心词是可数名词单数show，形容词amazing是元音音素开头，an符合句意，用what引导，句型为“what+a/an+adj+名词+主谓”。故选C。 二、祈使句疑问句及其它 1．（2023·上海·中考真题）—________ does your cousin attend guitar classes? —Twice a week. A．How long B．How much C．How soon D．How often 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你的表弟多久上一次吉他课？——一周两次。 考查特殊疑问句。How long多长，多久；How much多少钱；How soon多快；How often多久一次。根据“Twice a week.”可知应用how often来询问频率。故选D。 2．（2022·上海·中考真题）—There is an umbrella in the corner of the classroom. ________ is it? —Perhaps it’s Mary’s. A．Whose B．Who C．When D．Why 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——教室的角落里有一把伞。它是谁的？——也许是玛丽的。 考查特殊疑问句。Whose谁的；Who谁；When什么时候；Why为什么。根据答句“Perhaps it’s Mary’s”可知，此处在问物品的归属，故应用特殊疑问词whose。故选A。 3．（2021·上海·中考真题）The amusement park has received many visitors, ________? A．has it B．hasn’t it C．does it D．doesn’t it 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这家游乐园接待了很多游客，不是吗？ 考查反意疑问句。根据has received可知，前半句是现在完成时，是肯定句，后半句用否定形式，助动词用hasn’t ，故选B。 4．（2021·上海·中考真题）— The 10th China Flower Expo is being held in Chongming. ________ does it last? — About 40 days. A．How long B．How soon C．How far D．How often 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——第十届中国花卉博览会在崇明举行。 它持续多长时间？——大约40天。 考查特殊疑问句。How long多长时间，对时间段提问；How soon多久，对将要用的时间提问；How far多远，对距离提问；How often多久一次，对频率提问。根据“About 40 days”可知，此处对时间段提问，因此用疑问词how long，故选A。 5．（2020·上海·中考真题）—________is in charge of the summer concert？ —Jessie．She has a lot of experience． A．Where B．Why C．What D．Who 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——谁负责夏季音乐会？——杰西。她很有经验。 考查特殊疑问词词义辨析。Where在哪里；Why为什么；What什么；Who谁。根据Jessie"杰西"可知，对人提问用Who"谁"。故选D。 6．（2022·上海·中考真题）Have a balanced diet and exercise regularly _______ you will stay healthy. A．and B．or C．but D．for 【答案】A 【详解】句意： 保持均衡的饮食和有规律的运动，你就会保持健康。 考查连词。and表并列或递进，和；or否则，或者；but但是；for因为。根据句型“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”可知，此处用and表递进关系。故选A。 7．（2020·上海·中考真题）—Tom，________here to carry the luggage upstairs for me，will you？ —All right． A．come B．came C．coming D．to come 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——汤姆，过来帮我把行李搬到楼上，好吗？——好的。 考查祈使句。come原形；came过去式；coming动名词；to come动词不定式；根据句子结构，可知省略了主语，是祈使句，用动词原形；故选A。 8．（2018·上海·中考真题）Please______the rubbish into different litter bins according to the signs. A．puts B．put C．putting D．to put 【答案】B 【详解】句意：请根据标志牌将垃圾放入不同的垃圾箱中。祈使句以动词原形开头，故答案为B。 9．（2015·上海·中考真题）Please ______ your exam papers once again before handing them in. A．going over B．went over C．go over D．to go over 【答案】C 【详解】句意：请在上交考试卷之前，再次检查你的试卷。祈使句一般以动词原形开头，如果你的语气比较客气，或者出于礼貌，可以在动词原形前面加please。go over,检查。结合句意，可知是比较有礼貌的提醒，故选C。 10．（2014·上海·中考真题）_____ carefully, Michael! There’s a school ahead. A．Drive B．To drive C．Drove D．Driving 【答案】A 【详解】句意：小心开，米歇尔！前面有所学校。英语祈使句中谓语动词一般用原形，故选A。 11．（2015·上海·中考真题） Leave the reference books behind, _____ you won’t be able to think independently. A．or B．and C．so D．but 【答案】A 【详解】句意：把参考书放到一边，否则你将不能独立思考。A. or 否则，或者；B. and 并且；并列连词；C.so 所以，结果状语从句；D.but但是，转折状语从句。“祈使句+or +陈述句”，表示 “……，否则，……”。根据句式及句意，故选A。 12．（2023·上海·中考真题）Let’s hurry up, ________ we’ll be late for the lecture about fire safety. A．or B．so C．and D．but 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们要赶紧了，不然我们参加关于消防安全的演讲就要迟到了。 考查从属连词辨析。or否则，不然；so因此；and并且；but但是。根据“Let’s hurry up”和“we’ll be late for the lecture about fire safety”可知，要赶紧，不然就会迟到，用or连接。故选A。 13．（2017·上海·中考真题）Professor Tu Youyou never stops doing research on Chinese medicine, ______? A．is she B．does she C．isn’t she D．doesn’t she 【答案】B 【详解】句意：屠呦呦教授从来也没有停止对中药的研究，是吗？这是一个反义疑问句。在反义疑问句中，当陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用否定式；反之，则用肯定式。由句中的never可知，前半部分陈述是否定意义，后面的反义问句应该用肯定式，不能出现not，可排除C/D。同时，屠呦呦是单数人称，stop是实意动词，所以助动词用does，可排除A。故选B。 14．（2016·上海·中考真题）_____ Diaey amusement parks are there in China? —Two. A．How many B．How often C．How soon D．How long 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——中国有多少家Diaey 游乐园？——两家。根据Two可知此处对数量提问，故用how many，故选A。 点睛：how many多少，对数量提问；how often多久一次，对频率提问；how soon多久，对将要用的时间提问；how long多长时间，对时间段提问。 15．（2012·上海·中考真题）-- ______do millions of online users visit the home page of the government? -- To read the news and search for the information they need. A．When B．Where C．Why D．What 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——为什么数以百万计的网民访问政府主页？ ——阅读新闻，寻找他们需要的信息。考查疑问词，由答句的to表目的可知问为什么，应该用why，所以选C。 16．（2015·上海·中考真题）— father took part in the charity activity in the neighborhood yesterday? —Peter’s. A．Whose B．What C．Which D．Who 【答案】A 【详解】试题分析：结合答语“Peter’s”可推断问句应表示“昨天谁的爸爸参加了社区里的慈善活动”，故所缺的特殊疑问词是whose。 17．（2013·上海·中考真题）—_______ have you been in the sports club? —Since the first month I came to the school. A．How old B．How long C．How much D．How soon 【答案】B 【详解】试题分析：句意：你加入这个运动俱乐部多久了？——自从我来到这个学校的第一个月。How old多大；How long 多长；How much 多少钱；How soon 多久一次。根据下文答语可知上文问的是时间长短，故答案选B。 考点：考查疑问词辨析。 18．（2011·上海·中考真题）Your English teacher has never lost his temper, _____ he? A．has B．hasn’t C．did D．didn’t 【答案】A 【详解】考查点：反义疑问句的用法。 解题思路：该句时态为现在完成时，句中有否定词never，根据“前否后肯”原则，正确答案选A。 19．（2011·上海·中考真题）_____ T-shirt do you like better, the red one or the blue one? I prefer the red one A．How much B．How many C．Whose D．Which 【答案】D 【详解】考查点：选择疑问句的用法。 解题思路：此处or意为“或者”，是一个选择疑问句，句意为“—这件红衬衫和这件蓝衬衫，你更喜欢哪一件？—我更喜欢那件红色的。”故答案选D。 20．（2011·上海·中考真题）Take the exam carefully, _____ you won’t get full marks. A．but B．and C．or D．so 【答案】C 【详解】句意：仔细考试，否则你得不到满分。 考查并列连词的用法。 句型“祈使句，+or+一般将来时的陈述句”，祈使句和陈述句表示在以祈使句为条件下的相反假设关系；句型“祈使句，+and+一般将来时的陈述句” 祈使句和陈述句表示在以祈使句为条件下的顺承假设关系；本句是相反的结果，故选B。 2 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$