U11 Section 6 “War Memories”的课文习读环节（课件PPT）-【新课程学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（北师大版2019）

Section 6　 “War Memories” 的课文习读环节 课时目标 1.略读文章，获取课文中三个故事的信息。 2.细读文章，分析、推测课文三个故事中人物的情感。 3.运用与话题相关的语言知识，评价战争对人们造成的影响。 目 录 NO.1 精阅读 / 提升阅读“理解力” NO.2 美表达 / 强化写作“基本功” 课时检测 精阅读 / 提升阅读“理解力” NO.1 文意整体把握 Ⅰ.理清文脉结构 set up celebrated fed up with blown off √ Ⅱ.把握主旨大意 1．What's the main idea of the passage? A．A famous war in history. B．Some measures against the war. C．The harm that war brings to people. D．The different war memories of different people. 2．What is people's attitudes to war according to the passage? A．Frightened but honored. B．Disgusted and panicked. C．Cruel and sad. D．Tired and passive. √ 文意深度理解 (一)阅读理解 1．Why was Chuc not killed by the American soldiers? A．He escaped from the village. B．He knew one of the American soldiers. C．The American soldiers didn't find him. D．He was covered by a pile of dead bodies after he was wounded. √ 2．Both of the troops were fed up with the war, so . A．they gave up the war B．they got together to celebrate Christmas C．they didn't fire a shot any more D．they made friends with each other √ √ 3．Why did the soldier refuse the watch? A．He didn't like the watch. B．He thought the watch was too expensive. C．He thought the watch couldn't replace his legs. D．He thought other soldiers would be better worth the watch. √ 4．Why did the author begin sobbing in Story C? A．She admired the soldier and was moved by him. B．She felt sorry for that she couldn't save the soldier's legs. C．The soldier made her think of her son. D．The war was cruel. √ 5．Why did the soldier cry in the end? A．He felt helpless. B．He felt too happy. C．He was in much pain. D．He was frightened. [Tip] 依据文章做出推理 推理是阅读文章时常用的技巧，在解答推理判断类题目时需要充分理解文章，分析语篇特征，在领会全文的基础上做出正确的推理和判断。如第5题，上下文虽然没有明确说士兵哭的原因，但是从上文可知，他的双腿被炸飞了，他才二十几岁。他把将军给他的表扔了回去，并好像说它不能帮他走路。由此可以推断出士兵哭是因为他的无助。 (二)阅读表达 1．For each story, what war memories did each person have? In Story A, the person has memories of killing and survival. In Story B, the person has a memory of an unexpected, peaceful event between soldiers. In Story C, the person has a memory of the effects of war on a soldier. 2．What does the author of each story try to convey? All three authors try to convey the message that war is cruel and hurts everyone, both soldiers and innocent people. 3．What's the major reason for wars between nations in the world, in your opinion? I think the main reason is the pursuit of power and territory. Different interests may cause conflicts and eventually lead to war. 内化读文技法 捕捉文中作者的深层情感 本课三个故事均节选自战争回忆录。文章描述了美莱村村民在面对美军屠杀时的所见、所闻、所感，圣诞休战的美好回忆以及受伤士兵拒绝“领奖”的过程，从平民、士兵以及战地护士的不同视角，立体地展现了战争给人们的身体、心灵造成的巨大伤害， 反映了人们对于战争的厌恶和对和平的渴望。每个故事都有其独特的风格，捕捉了战争期间个人面临的身心挑战。阅读时注意理解作者没有直接表达出来的观点和情感。 美表达 / 强化写作“基本功” NO.2 (一)赏用词之妙 1．One of their men, speaking in English, said that he had worked in England for some years and that he was fed up to the neck with this war and would be glad when it was over. 赏析：俚语be fed up to the neck with表示“厌烦……”，形象地描述了德国士兵对战争的态度。使用俚语可以使表达更生动、形象。 2．Bill distributed the beer among us and we consumed a lot. 赏析：动词consume为高级用词，在此处意为“吃，喝，饮；消耗”，传达出士兵们对和平的向往及此刻放松的心情。 [仿写训练]　(升级黑体词汇) ①He is tired of the same work every day. ______________________ ②The food was eaten up with joyous abandon. __________ fed up to the neck with consumed (二)赏句式之高 1．The officers came to an understanding that we would celebrate Christmas in temporary peace until midnight. 赏析：that引导同位语从句，是 understanding的同位语，强调双方军官达成的共识，那就是午夜之前他们将暂时和平地庆祝圣诞节。 2．It took a lot for him to do that, and it sort of said what this war was all about to me. 赏析：这是一个并列句。第一个分句中it作形式主语，真正的主语是for him to do that。第二个分句中，what引导宾语从句，作said的宾语。 [仿写训练]　(完成句子) ①There is an understanding between us _____________________ _______________. 我们双方有个默契，就是不要打扰彼此的生活。 ②_______________________________________ and she realized ______________________. 她花了两个小时完成这项工作，她意识到了她能做什么。 that we will not disturb each other's life It took her two hours to finish the work what she was able to do (三)赏描摹之韵(细节描写) “Still we had no reason to be afraid，” Chuc remembered.“Everyone was calm.We'd seen it all before.” Then he watched in surprise as the soldiers set up a machine gun.The calm ended and panic set in.The people began weeping and praying. 赏析：本段文字侧重于对越南村民Do Chuc的个人经历的讲述。语言中运用了直接引语，为叙述增添了真实感。运用动词watch、 weep和pray描绘出了人们面对危险时的反应；in surprise和panic生动地刻画了村民的心理变化：从最初的宁静到随后的惊慌和恐惧。在读后续写中经常使用类似的细节描写。 [仿写训练]　(试完成下面的句子) ①Mary sat huddled on the side of the bed, __________. 玛丽缩着身子坐在床边哭泣。 ②She looked at him ____________ that he suddenly appeared, her eyes wide. 她惊讶地看着他突然出现，眼睛睁得大大的。 ③He ran away ________ when he saw the big dog that was barking loudly. 当他看到那只大狗大声吠叫时，他惊慌地跑开了。 weeping in surprise in panic (四)赏衔接之顺 Chuc was wounded in the leg and almost unconscious, but he was covered by a pile of dead bodies and thus, his life was saved. 赏析：本句中but前后的内容形成转折。but后面的句子中用and连接前后两个分句，并且在and后面加thus，表示结果。前后衔接自然，易被读者接受。 [仿写训练]　(用衔接词完成句子) They rushed to the supermarket, ____________________________ _______________ without buying anything. 他们冲到超市，但超市关门了，因此他们什么也没买就回家了。 but it was closed and thus they had to go home 课时检测 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Study Areas in Iowa State University's Library Quiet Area The Periodical Room on Floor 2 is a Quiet Zone, requiring an absolute minimum of noise and distraction. Users are completely banned from conversations (including mobile phones), and no group work is allowed. Group Study Rooms •Group study rooms must be reserved online using a valid University account and a University Card on a first-come-first-served basis. •Thirteen rooms are available for groups wanting to work together in the Library. •Reservations can be made up to 30 days in advance. •Groups have 15 minutes after the start of their reservation to arrive. If a group has not claimed their study space by that time, their reservation will be cancelled. Research Study Rooms •Research study rooms are assigned to individual users for research and other scholarly activities that require extensive use of library materials. •Applications can be picked up at the Circulation Desk in the Library or request one via email at libstudy @iastate. edu. •There is usually a waiting list for these rooms. Applications should be made in advance if possible. Generally, these rooms are shared spaces because of the high level of demand. •Essential equipment is provided for each study, and additional equipment may not be added without authorization. The Library is not responsible for personal property (laptops, textbooks, notebooks, etc.) left in these rooms. All Library rules and regulations apply to these rooms. Food and fruit are forbidden, though drinks in covered, spill-proof containers are permitted. •At the end of the assigned period, the key issued for each study room must be returned promptly to Circulation staff or the user will be billed. 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Iowa州立大学图书馆的不同分区。 1．What may be suggested doing in the Periodical Room? A．Reading in small groups. B．Having a discussion in a low voice. C．Putting one's stuff in order. D．Setting one's phone on silent mode. √ 解析：推理判断题。根据Quiet Area部分“The Periodical Room on Floor 2 is a Quiet Zone, requiring an absolute minimum of noise and distraction. Users are completely banned from conversations (including mobile phones), and no group work is allowed.”可知，二楼的期刊室是一个安静的区域，要求绝对的最小噪音和干扰，故可推知其建议将手机调至静音模式。 2．What condition should be met to book a group study room? A．Possessing an active student card. B．Leaving phones out of the room. C．Groups consisting of over 15 members. D．Filling in an application form 30 days earlier. √ 解析：细节理解题。根据Group Study Rooms部分中“Group study rooms must be reserved online using a valid University account and a University Card on a first-come-first-served basis.”可知，想要预订小组自习室，需要持有有效的学生卡。 3．What is prohibited in a Research Study Room? A．Personal computers.　　 B．Bottled water. C．Sandwiches. 　 D．Study materials. 解析：细节理解题。根据Research Study Rooms部分中“Food and fruit are forbidden, though drinks in covered, spill-proof containers are permitted.”可知，三明治是食物，禁止带入。 √ B On Nov. 11, an Australian jockey (骑师) got hurt after his horse “broke down” during a horse race. Though the jockey is safe now, his horse was not so lucky. Since the horse's leg injury would have led to its death, vets euthanized (实施安乐死) it in front of the audience on the spot. Falling off a horse at high speed has a big risk of injury. You can say it's the jockey's choice to take part in the sport. But what about the horses? This is not the first time that animals have been harmed because of animal entertainment-related sports. For example, about 180,000 bulls (公牛) are killed in bullfights around the world, with many more injured in bullfight events every year, according to Human Society International, an organization promoting the human-animal relationship globally. Hunters shoot more than 800 lions in South Africa, reported World Animal Protection. To help these animals, animal lovers have started many campaigns, which seem to be taking effect. In June, Churchill Downs, the site of the famous Kentucky Derby in the US, stopped all horse racing, originally set to run until July 3. Circuses using animals have been banned by many countries around the world in recent years due to animal welfare worries, according to the website Four Paws. Animals play an important part in our lives and are more than tools for sports and entertainment. The human-animal bond can be seen in all kinds of places. Service animals can help people in their jobs and animals are also used to help and care for people with illnesses and who have experienced abuse or mental illness. “We can have our sports, drinks, lively parties, and beautiful hats, but we can leave animals out of it，” reported Vox. 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章通过一匹马的死亡引出了关于与动物有关的娱乐活动导致人受伤的现象，列举了相关案件以及作者对此的看法。 4．Why did the author mention a horse's death in the first paragraph? A．To introduce the topic. B．To describe the game's details. C．To show his sympathy to the jockey. D．To illustrate his attitude to the issue. 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段可知，作者提到一匹马的死亡是为了引出话题。 √ 5．How are paragraph 2 and paragraph 3 developed? A．By stating an argument. B．By giving examples. C．By making comparisons. D．By following time order. √ 解析：写作手法题。根据第二段中“For example, about 180,000 bulls ...”以及第三段中“In June, Churchill Downs, the site of the famous Kentucky Derby in the US, stopped all horse racing, originally set to run until July 3.”可知，第二、三段通过举例说明展开。 6．What message does Vox seem to convey in the last paragraph? A．We should keep away from animals. B．We can entertain but do not hurt animals. C．We should offer some drinks to animals. D．We should do some activities with animals. √ 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“We can have our sports, drinks, lively parties, and beautiful hats, but we can leave animals out of it”可推知，Vox在最后一段传达了我们应该和动物一起做一些有意义的活动。 7．What is the best title for this passage? A．A Horse Was Euthanized in a Game B．Animal Entertainment Should Be Banned C．Death of a Horse Raises Concern about Animals D．Some Campaigns Were Held to Protect Animals √ 解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段并结合全文可知，本文通过一匹马的死亡引出了关于与动物有关的娱乐活动导致人受伤的现象，列举了相关案件以及作者对此的看法。故C项“马的死亡引起了人们对动物的关注”适合作文章标题。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Resolving (解决) Conflict in Friendships Conflict is surely a common problem in life and friendships. 8 That's because there isn't enough depth to guarantee all the trouble it takes to smooth over the disagreement.Unfortunately, even when the friendship reaches a deeper level, conflict continues to happen and can break apart a relationship.Here are some resolutions. Resolve it the day it happens.One rule my parents follow in their marriage is that they don't go to bed angry with each other.They always attempt to resolve things the day it happens so that in the morning, it's a fresh start with no past grudge (怨恨)．I've found I need a short cool-down period so that I don't act in anger. 9 Whatever you do, don't let things ride for too long. 10 Sometimes if you sit down and talk things over, you begin to see where the other person is coming from.Realize that everyone has been created differently with various talents, abilities, and personality traits.For example, you might be a leader while your friend is more of a follower.You may be frustrated with him or her for not being very decisive.Yet it is important to understand that each person is unique and needs to be appreciated. Initiate resolution. 11 Even when you think the other person is wrong, it's not a bad thing to say “I'm sorry if I offended you in that way”. If you're honest and genuine in delivering your words, there's a good chance your friend will respond positively. Most importantly, be loving in what you do.Try to focus on peacefully resolving the disagreement.It is not a very pleasant task to resolve conflict in any friendship. 12 A．Don't expect too much. B．Try to see things from the other person's perspective. C．Be the first person in a fight to say sorry for your part. D．Many shallow friendships end up being ruined after an argument. E．To say sorry bravely when a conflict breaks out is a better resolution. F．However, it is worth the efforts because it results in a deeper friendship. G．For some, counting to one hundred before saying anything may be an option. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了和平解决友谊中的冲突的几个方法。 8．选D　空后一句中的“there isn't enough depth”与D项中的“shallow”对应，故D项“许多肤浅的友谊在一次争吵后都被毁掉了”符合语境，下文的“that”指代选项中提到的这件事。 9．选G　空前一句中的“a short cool-down period”与G项中的“counting to one hundred before saying anything”对应，故G项“对有些人来说，数到一百再说话可能是一种选择”符合语境。 10．选B　根据本段建议从他人的角度来看问题可知，B项“试着从对方的角度看问题”可以作为段落主旨句。 11．选C　空后一句中的“I'm sorry”与C项中的“say sorry”对应，故C项“在争论中做第一个为你做错的部分道歉的人”衔接下文，符合语境。 12．选F　根据上句及本段主旨“努力集中精力和平解决友谊中的冲突”可知，空前一句中的“not a very pleasant task”与F项中的“it is worth the efforts”形成对比，再次点明主旨。故F项“然而，这种努力是值得的，因为它能带来更深的友谊”承接上文，符合语境。 $$