专题02 词法之形容词、副词、数词、情态动词 -2025年中考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（上海专用）

专题02 词法之形容词、副词、数词、情态动词 目录 题型综述 1 解题攻略 2 形容词副词 2 数词 11 情态动词 15 中考练场 24 【题型解读】 形容词修饰名词，在句中做定语  表语及宾补。副词修饰动词及整个句子，作状语。中考主要考查形容词做表语，构成系表结构，尤其注意感官系动词+形容词的结构。另外，需注意形容词副词的三级比较及变化。形容词副词词汇辨异在中考中主要考查单词意义的辨识，用法上的辨异，语境应用。数词重点考查分数及不确切的数字的表达。表示什么世纪，什么年代时，通常在数词后加s或’s，并在年代前加定冠词the。 情态动词是英语语法的重要组成部分。它们是一种特殊的动词形式，表达一种情态，如可能性、必要性、建议、请求等。考题以情态动词的用法区分为主，侧重基本用法。另外，要注意情态动词的综合运用及特殊用法。 【命题规律】 1.形容词最常考的是词义辨析、比较级和最高级。 2.情态动词can，may，should，would，have to、must及其否定的用法等是高频考点。 3.副词常考修饰动词，形容词变副词（构词法），表示时间、频率、顺序的副词等。 （一）形容词、副词 【考点诠释】 考点 考向 考法/命题角度 形容词/副词 1比较级和最高级变化,注意不规则变化 2修饰比较级的词：much, a little, a bit,far, even, still 3原级比较级最高级几个特殊句型:as…….as用于肯定句/否定句 so…..as 只能用于否定句 4 –ing 表示令人 --ed表示感到 5.形容词与介词搭配的高频词组 1. 感官动词+ adj. e.g. Keep our classroom clean; look sad 2. 常用形容词和副词的辨析,以ly结尾仍然是形容词：likely, lovely, lonely, lively, friendly 3. 不去e的adj: changeable;去e的adj. truly, argument 4 one of +最高级+名词复数。 系动词+形容词 1.作系动词，感官动词+adj.，作表语，说明主语所处的状态。 2.感官动词+介词like+名词（如:look like…） 3.taste, smell作不及物动词（vi.）时，用于"taste/smell+of+名词”结构，意为“有……味道/气味”。 4.look\ sound\ feel可构成"look/sound/feel+ as if+从句"结构， 意为“看起来/听起来/感觉好像……”。 1. 在近年的考试中，对系动词的考查，重心放在系动词+形容词做表语上。此外，有时候考查系动词词义辨析。 2. 也需要注意一些固定搭配。如： The air in the room smells of earth. 房间里的空气有股泥土味。 It looks as if our class is going to win. 看来我们班好像要获胜了。 比较级别: 1. 用原形的信号词: as…as, not as/so…as，倍数+  as … as , etc. 2. 用比较级的信号词：than, of the two, A or B, 3. 用最高级的信号词：of the three, of all, in the class 4. 隐形比较级： 5. 降级比较 6. 无比较级的形容词：prefer 1. My bedroom is 3 times as big as yours. 2．Your room is _______ than mine. A. three time big B. three times big C. three times bigger D. bigger three times 3. I like the older one of the two books. 4. Which is stronger, Li Lei or Wu Tong? 5. English is one of the most important languages spoken in the world. 6.Work hard and you will make more progress 7. Do sth for your school and it will become better. 特殊动词+形容词: 1.感官动词： look sad, sound nice, taste good 2.变化类系动词：come, become, turn, get, grow 3.不变化类系动词： keep , stay, remain 1. These oranges taste_______. A. good          B. well           C. to be good      D. to be well 2. —You look_________. — Yes, I've just returned from the_________ holiday I've ever had. A. good, best B. well, good C. better, good 不定代词+形容词: something, anything, nothing, somebody, anybody, nobody, etc. —Mum, Bill is coming to dinner this evening. —OK. Let’s give him something different to eat. 词尾为-ly的形容词 1. friendly, fatherly, brotherly 2. daily, weekly, monthly, yearly 3. lovely, lively, likely 常见形容词后缀 -al:natural national, -ive:active creative, -ful:careful forgetful, -able: changeable, unforgettable, -ar:popular,regular -ous: dangerous,serious, various, 动词转化为形容词： 1.moved-moving, excited-exciting, interested-interesting, surprised-surprising, disappointed-disappointing, etc. 2. 人是-ed, 物是-ing We have never heard such an _________ speech. We are very________. A. exciting, exciting B. exciting, excited C. excited, exciting D. excited, excited enough 的用法 1. There is enough food for us this week. 2. I'm not ________ to lift the heavy box. A. short enough B. enough tall C. health enough D. strong enough 3. The goal-keeper acted_________ to catch the ball. A. enough quickly B. so quickly C. quickly enough D. such quickly 表语形容词：well，unwell，ill，faint， afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake, etc. The ______ person is talking with the doctor. A. ill  B. sick  C. illness  D. sickness 形容词、副词特别结构： more and more ，the more…the more 1. When spring comes, it gets warmer and warmer. 2. The more he read the book,the moreinterested he was in it. 比较级前可有状语修饰：much, a bit 1. Mary and Alice are of the same age, but Mary is ___ than Alice. A. more taller B. much tall C. a little more taller D. much taller 形容词、副词同形: hard, late, high, deep, enough, early, etc. 1. He is always one of the early comers. 2. He always comes early to school to clean his classroom. 【典题举隅】 1．（2025·上海浦东新·一模）It’s true that our life has become much _______ with the growth of online payment services. A．easy B．easier C．easiest D．the easiest 2．（2025·上海黄浦·一模）The teacher showed an ________ video, and the whole class couldn’t help laughing. A．amused B．amuse C．amusing D．amusement 3．（2025·上海黄浦·一模）His joke was as ________ as a stand-up comedy show, and we all laughed. A．fun B．funny C．funnier D．funniest 4．（2025·上海闵行·一模）Because of the terrible accident, the girl didn’t feel ________ at all on her own. A．safe B．safely C．safety D．save 5．（2025·上海闵行·一模）After taking tennis classes, Tim is getting much ________ than he was one year ago. A．strong B．stronger C．strongest D．the strongest 6．（2025·上海金山·一模）The students all agree that Miss Tang is one of ________ teachers in our school. A．responsible B．more responsible C．most responsible D．the most responsible 7．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期末）We can get lots of benefits from WeChat. It makes our life ________ than before. A．much easier B．more easily C．easy D．the most easily 8．（2025·上海崇明·一模）The old tea cup in Sam’s hands was precious, so he was very ________ not to drop it. A．care B．careful C．careless D．carefully 9．（2025·上海崇明·一模）The fruits in this store are much ________. Why don’t you come here to buy some? A．cheap B．cheaper C．cheapest D．the cheapest 10．（2025·上海青浦·一模）Being ________ means taking ownership of your mistakes and learning from them. A．response B．responsible C．responsibly D．responsibility 11．（2025·上海青浦·一模）Leonardo da Vinci is considered one of ________ talented artists of all time. A．more B．the more C．most D．the most 12．（2025·上海杨浦·一模）Among all the laptops, this one has ________ battery life. A．good B．better C．best D．the best 13．（2025·上海杨浦·一模）The room looks ________ with all the furniture arranged neatly and in order. A．wide B．widen C．widely D．width 14．（2025·上海长宁·一模）My good friend Bob is considered ________ of all the students in his class. A．hardworking B．more hardworking C．most hardworking D．the most hardworking 15．（2025·上海长宁·一模）Friends are the people you feel ________ because you know they care about you. A．save B．safe C．safety D．safely 16．（2025·上海松江·一模）The pad made last year is a lot ________ than the one made this year. A．cheap B．cheaper C．cheapest D．the cheapest 17．（2025·上海宝山·一模）The little dancer from Australia looks ________ in the long black skirt. A．gently B．happily C．lovely D．beautifully 18．（2025·上海虹口·一模）A farm in Australia has broken the record for growing the world’s ________ blueberry. A．heavy B．heavier C．heaviest D．the heaviest 19．（2025·上海静安·一模）If you don’t take medicine, your cold will get ________ than it was yesterday. A．bad B．worse C．worst D．the worst 20．（2025·上海徐汇·一模）That tech company always develops amazing new products to keep customers ________. A．excite B．exciting C．excited D．excitement 21．（2025·上海普陀·一模）We have to admit sometimes ________ one is not always the best one. A．expensive B．more expensive C．most expensive D．the most expensive 22．（2025·上海嘉定·一模）This new material feels and more durable than anything we’ve used before. A．soft B．softer C．the softest D．the softer 23．（2024·上海宝山·一模）The temple is one of ________ buildings in the town. We must take action to protect it. A．ancient B．more ancient C．most ancient D．the most ancient 24．（2025·上海徐汇·一模）The judges all agreed that Ann spoke of all the students in the debate. A．confidently B．more confidently C．very confidently D．most confidently 25．（2025·上海虹口·一模）The junior assistants are trained to deal with customer complaints ________. A．friendly B．politely C．lovely D．lonely 26．（2025·上海静安·一模）Our classmate Ken seems ________ to everyone he meets. A．gently B．happily C．politely D．friendly 27．（2025·上海浦东新·一模）The freshly baked bread smelt so _______ that all the customers wanted to have a taste. A．badly B．awful C．nicely D．good （二）数词 【考点诠释】 高频易混易错知识点梳理/归纳 1. 序数词的拼写 序数词 缩写 序数词 缩写 first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th twentieth twenty-first thirtieth thirty-fifth fortieth fiftieth sixtieth seventieth eightieth ninetieth hundredth 20th 21st 30th 35th 40th 50th 60th 70th 80th 90th 100th 2. 表示计量： 即事物的长度、宽度、深度和高度，应采用基数词。 It is 50 metres / kilometers/miles long (wide, deep, high). 它有50米/千米/英里长（宽、深、高）。 3. 表示编号： 编号的数字如果过小，可用序数词或基数词表示；如果数字较大，通常用基数词表示。 1. The tenth lesson=Lesson Ten    第10课 2. Room 405                   第405号房           3. Page 215                    第215页 4. No.14 Middle School          第14中学 5. Telephone NO.5855806         电话： 5855806 4. 表示不确切的数字： 基数词后面直接加上复数名词表示精确的数字，而基数词复数形式加上“of” 表示不确切的数字。 1. five hundred students           500名学生 2. two thousand people            2000人 3. five dozen pencils              5打铅笔 4. hundreds of students            几百名学生 5. millions of workers             成千上万的工人 6. scores of chairs                几十张椅子 5. 表示年龄和岁数 1. He is a boy of 10 yeas old.             = He is 10 yeas old.                          = He is 10 (years of age).                       = He is a ten-year-old boy.                      2. At the age of ten, he began to learn English.  3. My father is in his fifties.        我爸爸50多岁。 6. 表示年代： 表示什么世纪，什么年代时，通常在数词后加s或’s，并在年代前加定冠词the , 1.， 读作：nineteen eighties. 2.  His grandfather died in the 1970’s/1970s。           7. 表示分数： 分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子是one时，分母不必加s; 分子大于one时，分母要加s. 1. a(=one) third    三分之一         one fifth     五分之一 2. two thirds       三分之二       three fourths     四分之三 3. Two thirds of the trees were cut down ten years ago. 8. 表示百分数： 百分数的表达方式是：基数词+ percent（单数形式）+of+名词。 1. Thirty percent of the students in my class are from cities.    2. About 61 percent of the surface is covered by water.    【典题举隅】 1．（2025·上海静安·一模）Five ________ students in our school took part in the opening ceremony of the Tourism Festival. A．hundred B．hundreds C．hundredth D．hundreds of 2．（24-25九年级上·上海黄浦·阶段练习）The earthquake in that country left ________ people homeless. A．thousand B．thousands C．thousand of D．thousands of 3．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）About ________ companies from different countries will attend the Seventh China International Import Expo (中国进口博览会). A．three thousands B．thousands of C．three thousand D．thousand 4．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）It took the ancient Chinese people three ________ years to finish building the Great Wall. A．hundred B．hundreds C．hundreds of D．three hundred 5．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）Zhenqinwen, the Queen Wen, gained several ________ followers soon after she won the tennis gold in the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris. A．million B．millions of C．millions D．million of 6．（23-24九年级上·上海青浦·期中）Over ________ lanterns recently lit up Hetou Old Street in Tangshan, Hebei Province. A．five thousands B．thousands of C．five thousand of D．five thousand 7．（23-24九年级上·上海静安·期中）__________ people are waiting for the singer outside the concert hall. A．Thousands of B．Thousand of C．Thousands D．Thousand 8．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）Even though my grandpa is ________, he still takes an active part in voluntary work. A．at his seventies B．in his seventies C．at his seventy D．in his seventy 9．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）_______ of our earth is covered with water. A．Seven-tenth B．Seventh-tenths C．Seven-tenths D．Seventh-tens 10．（22-23九年级上·上海宝山·开学考试）The island country has __________ history. A．a fifty years B．fifty years C．a fifty-year D．fifty-year 11．（2023·上海奉贤·二模）Our English teacher looks young. It’s hard to imagine she is already in her ______. A．forty B．fortieth C．fourteen D．forties （三）情态动词 【考点诠释】 情态动词 基本用法 例句 can/ could 1、表示能力，可译为“能，会”。 2、表示允许、许可，常用在口语中。could比can语气上要客气。 3、表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度，主要用于否定句和疑问句中。 4、can’t... too… /can’t… enough 再…也不为过。 The cinema can seat 1,000 people.  Could/ Can you tell me how to get to the zoo? How can you be so careless?  You can’t be too careful when driving. may/ might 在口语中可用can, could代替may，但在正式场合用may。表示允许时，也可用might代替，might不表示过去时，而是表示口气比较婉转。 1、表示请求、许可，常译为“可以”。 2、用于祈使句表示祝愿。 May/Can /Could/ Might I have a talk with you? May you succeed! must/ have to 1、must表示有做某一动作的必要或义务，强调主观看法，可译为“必须，应该”。 2、have to表示因客观需要促使主语不得不做某事。 3、mustn’t表示“禁止”；don’t have to意思是“没有必要”= don’t need to。 4、must可用来表示根据逻辑推理必然要发生的事，可译为“必然会，总是会”。 5、must有时可用来表示“偏偏”的意思。 Everyone must obey the rule.  My eyesight is very poor. I have to wear glasses for reading. You must keep it a secret. You mustn’t tell anyone. You don’t have to tell me the secret. Truth must be out. When I was taking a nap, a student must knock at the door.  must 肯定回答：Yes, ...must. 否定回答：No,...needn’t / don’t have to. shall 1、表示征询意见或请求指示，用于一、三人称疑问句。 2、表示说话人的意愿，有“命令、允诺、警告、威胁、决心”等意思，用于第二、三人称陈述句中。 3、表示强制，用于法令、条约、规章中，意为“必须，应该”。 Shall they wait outside?  He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you. （警告） Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan.（决心） The interest shall be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides. should 1、表示义务，意为“应该”（某件事宜于做）。 2、常与what, how, why等词连用，表示意外、惊讶等情绪。 3、表示对过去、现在或将来情况的某种推测，可译为“可能、照说应该”。 4、表惊讶、忧虑、惋惜等，意为“竟然”。 One shouldn’t be selfish. How should I know? He should be taking a bath now. It’s a pity that you should be so careless. ought to 1、表示义务，意为“应该”（因责任、义务而该做），口气比should稍重。 2、表示推测，暗含很大的可能，可译为“应该是，会是”。 We ought to defend our country. Prices ought to come down soon. will 1、表意愿，用于各种人称陈述句。 2、表请求，用于疑问句。 3、表示某种倾向或习惯性动作。 I will do anything for you. Will you close the window? It’s a bit  cold.  The door won’t open. would 1、表意愿。 2、表委婉地提出请求、建议或看法。 3、表过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向。  They would not let him in because he was poorly dressed.  Would you like another glass of beer?  Every time she was in trouble, she would go to him for help.  used to 1、表示过去的习惯或过去某时期的状况，但现在已不存在。 2、否定：usedn’t to/didn’t use to。 区别： used to表示过去习惯动作或状态，强调“现已无此习惯了”，而would只表示过去的习惯动作，与现在无关，往往要带有一个特定的时间状语。 He used to drink tea but now he drinks coffee. I usedn’t to go there./ I didn’t use to go there. Did you use to/Used you to go to the same school as your brother? We used to play hide-and-seek in the fields.  Whenever we were in the country, we would play hide-and-seek in the fields. need 1、作情态动词： need表示“需要”或“必须”，仅用于否定句或疑问句中，在肯定句中一般用 must，have to，ought to，或 should代替。 否定：needn’t do 2、作实义动词： 后面接不定式（to do），有人称、数和时态的变化。 肯定：need to do 否定：don’t need to do You needn’t come so early. He needs to finish it this evening. He doesn’t need to finish it this evening. dare 1、作情态动词： 主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中，一般不用于肯定句。 2、作实义动词： 在肯定句中，dare后面通常接带 to的不定式；而在否定和疑问句中，dare后面的不定式可以不带to。 肯定：dare to do 否定：don’t dare (to) do —He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he? —Yes, he dare./No, he daren’t. How dare you say I’m unfair? If you dare come here, I will come to meet you. 【典题举隅】 1．（2025·上海黄浦·一模）Visitors ________ sign in at the front desk for safety reasons before entering the building. A．must B．might C．can D．may 2．（2025·上海闵行·一模）The restaurant is always crowded with people. The food there ________ be very delicious. A．must B．should C．need D．would 3．（2025·上海青浦·一模）Drivers ________ obey traffic rules to ensure the safety of themselves and others. A．can B．will C．might D．should 4．（2025·上海金山·一模）—May I hand in the plan of the project tomorrow? —Yes, of course. You ________ give it to me today. A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．can’t 5．（2025·上海松江·一模）According to the traffic rules, a baby ________ not sit on an adult’s lap in a car. A．may B．will C．need D．can 6．（2025·上海宝山·一模）After putting in so much effort into this project, you ________ worry too much about the results. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．may not 7．（2025·上海虹口·一模）After some training, most dogs ________ follow simple commands like sit, stay or go. A．can B．should C．must D．need 8．（2025·上海徐汇·一模）Nobody ________ solve that complex case without gathering sufficient evidence. A．may B．can C．must D．need 9．（2025·上海普陀·一模）Mom, ________ you buy me a new watch? The old one just stopped working. A．can B．need C．must D．may 10．（2025·上海嘉定·一模）I didn’t ________ Jenny right away because her new hairstyle looked so different. A．remember B．recognize C．realize D．memorize 11．（24-25九年级上·上海黄浦·期末）________ anyone explain why there is a fridge in our office? A．Should B．Can C．Must D．Need 12．（2025·上海浦东新·一模）According to health experts, old people had better _______ every day to stay healthy. A．exercise B．to exercise C．exercising D．exercised 13．（2025·上海浦东新·一模）With the help of AI, people _______ spend much time searching for the information on their own. A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C． mustn’t D．can’t 14．（2025·上海崇明·一模）—Dad, I’ll take the dog for a walk this afternoon. You ________ do it yourself. —Thanks, Alisa. You’re a real help. A．can’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t 15．（2025·上海杨浦·一模）—Did you hear what he just said? —He ________ be joking—there’s no way that’s true! A．can B．need C．must D．should 16．（2025·上海长宁·一模）You had better ________ up too late tonight because you will have an exam tomorrow. A．not stay B．not staying C．not to stay D．not stayed 17．（2025·上海长宁·一模）________ you open the door for me? I am carrying too many things. A．Must B．May C．Need D．Could 18．（2025·上海静安·一模）Nowadays, people ________ easily turn to ChatGPT when facing something they don’t know. A．can B．should C．need D．must 19．（2025·上海嘉定·一模）The guide informed the visitors they ________ leave their bags at the reception if they preferred. A．might B．need C．must D．should 20．（2024·上海奉贤·一模）—Jacky, I’m afraid it’s impossible for us to finish the project this afternoon. —Well, we ________ complete it today. It’s fine if we give a to Professor Wu tomorrow. A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．needn’t 21．（24-25九年级下·上海·阶段练习）We ________ give up producing cars but we should invent better, cleaner engines. A．don’t need to B．needn’t to C．don’t need D．need to 22．（2025·上海浦东新·一模）The freshly baked bread smelt so _______ that all the customers wanted to have a taste. A．badly B．awful C．nicely D．Good 1．（2023·上海·中考真题）Joyce felt ________ when she won the first prize for handwriting. A．please B．pleased C．pleasure D．pleasantly 2．（2023·上海·中考真题）It’s much ________ today. You needn’t have your coat on. A．warm B．warmer C．warmest D．the warmest 3．（2022·上海·中考真题）These strawberries look _______. I’d like to buy some for my father. A．happily B．lovely C．softly D．properly 4．（2022·上海·中考真题）This detective story is _______ than the one I read last night. A．attractive B．more attractive C．most attractive D．the most attractive 5．（2021·上海·中考真题）Your idea of a day on the beach sounds ________. Can I join you? A．lovely B．softly C．politely D．beautifully 6．（2021·上海·中考真题）Yuan Longping is recognized as one of ________ agricultural scientists in the world. A．great B．greater C．greatest D．the greatest 7．（2020·上海·中考真题）Balanced diets are just as________as regular exercise in our daily life． A．important B．more important C．most important D．the most important 8．（2019·上海·中考真题）The climbers made a fire during the night in order to be in the mountain. A．safe B．safely C．save D．safety 9．（2019·上海·中考真题）David's responses were than anyone else's and he won the competition. A．quick B．quicker C．quickest D．the quickest 10．（2018·上海·中考真题）Old Mr. Green doesn't feel_____because some students visit him regularly. A．sadly B．gently C．lonely D．angrily 11．（2018·上海·中考真题）The bridge between the two islands is _______ one in Shanghai. A．long B．longer C．longest D．the longest 12．（2017·上海·中考真题）Nowadays people wish to have ____ food than before as their life improves. A．healthy B．healthier C．healthiest D．the healthiest 13．（2016·上海·中考真题）The manager sounded____ on the phone.He offered to show us around the company. A．softly B．friendly C．gently D．seriously 14．（2015·上海·中考真题） Alex did the project on community service ______ better than his classmates. A．so B．very C．too D．much 15．（2017·上海·中考真题）（2017 • 上海中考）Alex believes he will soon be able to play chess as __________ as the computer. A．well B．better C．best D．the best 16．（2015·上海·中考真题） The little dancer from Australia looks _____ in the long skirt. A．gently B．happily C．beautifully D．lovely 17．（2013·上海·中考真题）My old neighbour Charles felt__________ after his children moved out． A．lonely B．safely C．angrily D．happily 1．（2023·上海·中考真题）According to the law, you ________ drive after drinking. A．mustn’t B．won’t C．can’t D．needn’t 2．（2022·上海·中考真题）—_______ I use your glue? I’m making a kite. —No problem. Here you are. A．Should B．Need C．Must D．May 3．（2021·上海·中考真题）—________ I have two tickets for the Chinese Farmers’ Painting Exhibition? —Sorry. The tickets are sold out. A．Must B．Need C．Should D．May 4．（2020·上海·中考真题）According to the traffic law，children under 12________ride bicycles on the road． A．won't B．wouldn't C．needn't D．mustn't 5．（2019·上海·中考真题）According to the rule，used batteries be dropped in the red bin for harmful wastes. A．must B．need C．can D．may 6．（2018·上海·中考真题）-Must I do the project on my own? -No, you____.You can work with your classmates. A．needn’t B．can’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t 7．（2017·上海·中考真题）—________ I park my car here for a while? —No, you mustn't. Do you see the sign “NO PARKING”? A．Would B．May C．Must D．Should 8．（2016·上海·中考真题）A good friend is someone you share your pleasure and pain with. A．ought B．need C．can D．must 9．（2015·上海·中考真题）–Mum, ______ I visit the Movie Museum tomorrow? --I’m afraid you can’t . It is closed on Monday . A．must B．may C．should D．need 10．（2014·上海·中考真题）All passengers ______ go through safety check before they take a plane. A．can B．may C．must D．could 11．（2013·上海·中考真题）A lot of foreigners__________ familiar with the famous places of interest in China． A．am B．is C．are D．be 12．（2012·上海·中考真题）With the help of the new technology, you ________ e-mail your friends by mobile phone. A．can B．must C．need D．should 13．（2011·甘肃兰州·中考真题）You _____ lose your way if you walk alone in the mountains at night. A．may B．need C．should D．ought to 14．（2013·上海·中考真题）— Must I go to medical school and be a doctor like you，Dad? — No，you__________，son．You’re free to make your own decision． A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t 15．（2015·上海·中考真题）Rose received a letter full of love from her parents on her ______ birthday. A．sixteen B．sixteen’s C．sixteenth D．sixteenths 2 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题02 词法之形容词、副词、数词、情态动词 目录 题型综述 1 解题攻略 2 形容词副词 2 数词 11 情态动词 15 中考练场 24 【题型解读】 形容词修饰名词，在句中做定语  表语及宾补。副词修饰动词及整个句子，作状语。中考主要考查形容词做表语，构成系表结构，尤其注意感官系动词+形容词的结构。另外，需注意形容词副词的三级比较及变化。形容词副词词汇辨异在中考中主要考查单词意义的辨识，用法上的辨异，语境应用。 数词重点考查分数及不确切的数字的表达。表示什么世纪，什么年代时，通常在数词后加s或’s，并在年代前加定冠词the。 情态动词是英语语法的重要组成部分。它们是一种特殊的动词形式，表达一种情态，如可能性、必要性、建议、请求等。考题以情态动词的用法区分为主，侧重基本用法。另外，要注意情态动词的综合运用及特殊用法。 【命题规律】 1.形容词最常考的是词义辨析、比较级和最高级。 2.情态动词can，may，should，would，have to、must及其否定的用法等是高频考点。 3.副词常考修饰动词，形容词变副词（构词法），表示时间、频率、顺序的副词等。 （一）形容词、副词 【考点诠释】 考点 考向 考法/命题角度 形容词/副词 1比较级和最高级变化,注意不规则变化 2修饰比较级的词：much, a little, a bit,far, even, still 3原级比较级最高级几个特殊句型:as…….as用于肯定句/否定句 so…..as 只能用于否定句 4 –ing 表示令人 --ed表示感到 5.形容词与介词搭配的高频词组 1. 感官动词+ adj. e.g. Keep our classroom clean; look sad 2. 常用形容词和副词的辨析,以ly结尾仍然是形容词：likely, lovely, lonely, lively, friendly 3. 不去e的adj: changeable;去e的adj. truly, argument 4 one of +最高级+名词复数。 系动词+形容词 1.作系动词，感官动词+adj.，作表语，说明主语所处的状态。 2.感官动词+介词like+名词（如:look like…） 3.taste, smell作不及物动词（vi.）时，用于"taste/smell+of+名词”结构，意为“有……味道/气味”。 4.look\ sound\ feel可构成"look/sound/feel+ as if+从句"结构， 意为“看起来/听起来/感觉好像……”。 1. 在近年的考试中，对系动词的考查，重心放在系动词+形容词做表语上。此外，有时候考查系动词词义辨析。 2. 也需要注意一些固定搭配。如： The air in the room smells of earth. 房间里的空气有股泥土味。 It looks as if our class is going to win. 看来我们班好像要获胜了。 比较级别: 1. 用原形的信号词: as…as, not as/so…as，倍数+  as … as , etc. 2. 用比较级的信号词：than, of the two, A or B, 3. 用最高级的信号词：of the three, of all, in the class 4. 隐形比较级： 5. 降级比较 6. 无比较级的形容词：prefer 1. My bedroom is 3 times as big as yours. 2．Your room is _______ than mine. A. three time big B. three times big C. three times bigger D. bigger three times 3. I like the older one of the two books. 4. Which is stronger, Li Lei or Wu Tong? 5. English is one of the most important languages spoken in the world. 6.Work hard and you will make more progress 7. Do sth for your school and it will become better. 特殊动词+形容词: 1.感官动词： look sad, sound nice, taste good 2.变化类系动词：come, become, turn, get, grow 3.不变化类系动词： keep , stay, remain 1. These oranges taste_______. A. good          B. well           C. to be good      D. to be well 2. —You look_________. — Yes, I've just returned from the_________ holiday I've ever had. A. good, best B. well, good C. better, good 不定代词+形容词: something, anything, nothing, somebody, anybody, nobody, etc. —Mum, Bill is coming to dinner this evening. —OK. Let’s give him something different to eat. 词尾为-ly的形容词 1. friendly, fatherly, brotherly 2. daily, weekly, monthly, yearly 3. lovely, lively, likely 常见形容词后缀 -al:natural national, -ive:active creative, -ful:careful forgetful, -able: changeable, unforgettable, -ar:popular,regular -ous: dangerous,serious, various, 动词转化为形容词： 1.moved-moving, excited-exciting, interested-interesting, surprised-surprising, disappointed-disappointing, etc. 2. 人是-ed, 物是-ing We have never heard such an _________ speech. We are very________. A. exciting, exciting B. exciting, excited C. excited, exciting D. excited, excited enough 的用法 1. There is enough food for us this week. 2. I'm not ________ to lift the heavy box. A. short enough B. enough tall C. health enough D. strong enough 3. The goal-keeper acted_________ to catch the ball. A. enough quickly B. so quickly C. quickly enough D. such quickly 表语形容词：well，unwell，ill，faint， afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake, etc. The ______ person is talking with the doctor. A. ill  B. sick  C. illness  D. sickness 形容词、副词特别结构： more and more ，the more…the more 1. When spring comes, it gets warmer and warmer. 2. The more he read the book, the more interested he was in it. 比较级前可有状语修饰：much, a bit 1. Mary and Alice are of the same age, but Mary is ___ than Alice. A. more taller B. much tall C. a little more taller D. much taller 形容词、副词同形: hard, late, high, deep, enough, early, etc. 1. He is always one of the early comers. 2. He always comes early to school to clean his classroom. 【典题举隅】 1．（2025·上海浦东新·一模）It’s true that our life has become much _______ with the growth of online payment services. A．easy B．easier C．easiest D．the easiest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：随着在线支付服务的发展，我们的生活确实变得容易得多了。   考查形容词比较级。句中有“much”，它可以修饰形容词比较级，用来加强程度，且这里是现在的生活和之前没有在线支付服务时的生活作比较，所以要用形容词比较级。“easy”的比较级是“easier”。故选B。 2．（2025·上海黄浦·一模）The teacher showed an ________ video, and the whole class couldn’t help laughing. A．amused B．amuse C．amusing D．amusement 【答案】C 【详解】句意：老师放了一段有趣的视频，全班同学都忍不住笑了起来。 考查形容词。amused被逗笑的，修饰人，形容词；amuse逗笑、娱乐，动词；amusing有趣的、逗人笑的，修饰事物，形容词；amusement娱乐、消遣活动，名词。此处修饰名词video应用形容词amusing。故选C。 3．（2025·上海黄浦·一模）His joke was as ________ as a stand-up comedy show, and we all laughed. A．fun B．funny C．funnier D．funniest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他的笑话和单人喜剧表演一样好笑，而且我们都笑了。 考查形容词同级比较。fun乐趣，名词；funny滑稽的，形容词；funnier更滑稽，形容词比较级；funniest最滑稽，形容词最高级。根据“as...as”可知，此处应用形容词原级。故选B。 4．（2025·上海闵行·一模）Because of the terrible accident, the girl didn’t feel ________ at all on her own. A．safe B．safely C．safety D．save 【答案】A 【详解】句意：因为那次可怕的事故，这个女孩觉得自己一点也不安全。 考查形容词用法。safe安全的，形容词；safely安全地，副词；safety安全，名词； save节约，动词。feel为系动词，后接形容词作表语。故选A。 5．（2025·上海闵行·一模）After taking tennis classes, Tim is getting much ________ than he was one year ago. A．strong B．stronger C．strongest D．the strongest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：上完网球课后，蒂姆比去年强壮多了。 考查形容词比较级。根据句中“than”可知，本句用比较级，strong的比较级为stronger。故选B。 6．（2025·上海金山·一模）The students all agree that Miss Tang is one of ________ teachers in our school. A．responsible B．more responsible C．most responsible D．the most responsible 【答案】D 【详解】句意：学生们都认为唐老师是我们学校最负责任的老师之一。 考查形容词最高级。responsible负责的；more responsible更负责任的；most responsible最负责任的；the most responsible最负责任的。one of+the+形容词的最高级+可数名词复数表示“最……的……之一”，因此此处使用the+最高级。故选D。 7．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期末）We can get lots of benefits from WeChat. It makes our life ________ than before. A．much easier B．more easily C．easy D．the most easily 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们可以从微信中得到很多好处。它使我们的生活比以前更容易。 考查形容词比较级。more easily更容易地，副词比较级，最高级是the most easily；easy容易的，形容词，比较级是easier。根据“It makes our life...than before.”可知，make sth.+形容词，所以该空应用形容词比较级形式，现在和以前对比，easier“更简单的”，是easy的比较级。故选A。 8．（2025·上海崇明·一模）The old tea cup in Sam’s hands was precious, so he was very ________ not to drop it. A．care B．careful C．careless D．carefully 【答案】B 【详解】句意：萨姆手里的旧茶杯很珍贵，所以他非常小心，没有把它掉下来。 考查形容词的用法和形容词辨析。care关心，动词；careful小心的，形容词；careless粗心地，形容词；carefully小心地，副词。此处作be动词的表语用形容词；根据“The old tea cup in Sam’s hands was precious”可知旧茶杯很珍贵，所以他很小心。故选B。 9．（2025·上海崇明·一模）The fruits in this store are much ________. Why don’t you come here to buy some? A．cheap B．cheaper C．cheapest D．the cheapest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这家商店的水果便宜得多。你为什么不来这里买一些呢？ 考查比较级。根据“The fruits in this store are much”可知这家商店的水果比其他店要便宜，much修饰比较级。故选B。 10．（2025·上海青浦·一模）Being ________ means taking ownership of your mistakes and learning from them. A．response B．responsible C．responsibly D．responsibility 【答案】B 【详解】句意：负责任意味着对自己的错误承担责任，并从中吸取教训。 考查形容词用法。response反应，反响，名词；responsible负责的，形容词；responsibly认真负责地，副词；responsibility责任，名词。根据空前系动词“Being”可知，此处应用形容词responsible作表语，意为“负责任”。故选B。 11．（2025·上海青浦·一模）Leonardo da Vinci is considered one of ________ talented artists of all time. A．more B．the more C．most D．the most 【答案】D 【详解】句意：列奥纳多·达·芬奇被认为是有史以来最有才华的艺术家之一。 考查形容词最高级的用法。根据“Leonardo da Vinci is considered one of...talented artists of all time.”可知，此处是“one of+the+最高级+名词复数”结构，故选D。 12．（2025·上海杨浦·一模）Among all the laptops, this one has ________ battery life. A．good B．better C．best D．the best 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在所有的笔记本电脑中，这个笔记本电脑有最好的电池。 考查形容词最高级。good好的；better更好的；best最好的；the best最好的。根据“Among all the laptops”可知，这里需要用最高级，形容词的最高级前要加定冠词the。故选D。 13．（2025·上海杨浦·一模）The room looks ________ with all the furniture arranged neatly and in order. A．wide B．widen C．widely D．width 【答案】A 【详解】句意：房间看起来很宽敞，所有的家具都整齐有序地摆放着。 考查形容词作表语。wide宽的；widen加宽；widely普遍地；width宽度。根据“The room looks...with all the furniture arranged neatly and in order.”可知，looks“看”，连系动词后接形容词，表示“看起来……”。故选A。 14．（2025·上海长宁·一模）My good friend Bob is considered ________ of all the students in his class. A．hardworking B．more hardworking C．most hardworking D．the most hardworking 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的好朋友鲍勃被认为是他班上最用功的学生。 考查形容词最高级。根据“of all the students in his class.”可知，此处是在所有学生中进行比较，应使用形容词的最高级形式，hardworking的最高级是the most hardworking。故选D。 15．（2025·上海长宁·一模）Friends are the people you feel ________ because you know they care about you. A．save B．safe C．safety D．safely 【答案】B 【详解】句意：朋友是那些你觉得安全的人，因为你知道他们关心你。 考查形容词的用法。save拯救，动词；safe安全的，形容词；safety安全，名词；safely安全地，副词。作feel的表语应用形容词safe，故选B。 16．（2025·上海松江·一模）The pad made last year is a lot ________ than the one made this year. A．cheap B．cheaper C．cheapest D．the cheapest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：去年生产的垫子比今年生产的便宜得多。 考查形容词比较级。根据“a lot”及“than”可知，此处应用形容词比较级。故选B。 17．（2025·上海宝山·一模）The little dancer from Australia looks ________ in the long black skirt. A．gently B．happily C．lovely D．beautifully 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这位来自澳大利亚的小舞者穿着黑色短裙看起来很可爱。 考查形容词和副词词义辨析。gently温柔地，副词；happily高兴地，副词；lovely可爱的，形容词；beautifully美丽地，副词。根据系动词“looks”可知，后面用形容词作表语。故选C。 18．（2025·上海虹口·一模）A farm in Australia has broken the record for growing the world’s ________ blueberry. A．heavy B．heavier C．heaviest D．the heaviest 【答案】C 【详解】句意：澳大利亚的一个农场打破了种植世界上最重的蓝莓的记录。 考查形容词最高级用法。根据“the world’s”可知，此处要用形容词最高级，前边已经有限定词“world’s”，相当于定冠词the，所以空格处用heaviest。故选C。 19．（2025·上海静安·一模）If you don’t take medicine, your cold will get ________ than it was yesterday. A．bad B．worse C．worst D．the worst 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你不吃药，你的感冒会比昨天更严重。 考查比较级。根据空后的“than”可知，此处应用比较级形式，B项符合。故选B。 20．（2025·上海徐汇·一模）That tech company always develops amazing new products to keep customers ________. A．excite B．exciting C．excited D．excitement 【答案】C 【详解】句意：那家科技公司总是开发出令人惊叹的新产品，让顾客兴奋不已。 考查形容词作宾补。excite使兴奋，动词；exciting令人兴奋的，形容词，修饰物；excited感到兴奋的，形容词，修饰人；excitement兴奋，名词。根据“keep customers”可知，此处应指让顾客感到兴奋，因此应用形容词excited作宾语补足语。故选C。 21．（2025·上海普陀·一模）We have to admit sometimes ________ one is not always the best one. A．expensive B．more expensive C．most expensive D．the most expensive 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们不得不承认，有时候最贵的并不总是最好的。 考查形容词最高级。expensive昂贵的，形容词原级；more expensive更贵的，比较级；most expensive最贵的，最高级；the most expensive最贵的，the+最高级。根据“… one is not always the best one”可知，此处是指最贵的东西并不总是最好的，应用形容词最高级“the most expensive”修饰“one”，与下文“the best one”形成对应。故选D。 22．（2025·上海嘉定·一模）This new material feels and more durable than anything we’ve used before. A．soft B．softer C．the softest D．the softer 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这种新材料摸起来比我们之前使用的任何材料都更柔软且更加耐用。 考查形容词比较级。soft柔软的，原级；softer更柔软的，比较级；the softest最柔软的，最高级；the softer表述有误。根据空后的“... more durable than ...”可知，此处应使用比较级。故选B。 23．（2024·上海宝山·一模）The temple is one of ________ buildings in the town. We must take action to protect it. A．ancient B．more ancient C．most ancient D．the most ancient 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这座寺庙是城里最古老的建筑之一。我们必须采取行动保护它。 考查最高级。根据“one of...buildings in the town”可知此处是结构one of the+最高级+名词复数“最……的……之一”。故选D。 24．（2025·上海徐汇·一模）The judges all agreed that Ann spoke of all the students in the debate. A．confidently B．more confidently C．very confidently D．most confidently 【答案】D 【详解】句意：所有评委都同意Ann在辩论中说得最自信。 考查副词最高级。根据空前的“of all the students”可知，这里表示在所有学生中程度最高，需用副词“confidently”的最高级形式“most confidently”。故选D。 25．（2025·上海虹口·一模）The junior assistants are trained to deal with customer complaints ________. A．friendly B．politely C．lovely D．lonely 【答案】B 【详解】句意：初级助理经过培训，能够礼貌地处理客户投诉。 考查副词的用法。friendly友好的；politely礼貌地；lovely可爱的；lonely孤独的。此处修饰动词短语deal with，用副词politely。故选B。 26．（2025·上海静安·一模）Our classmate Ken seems ________ to everyone he meets. A．gently B．happily C．politely D．friendly 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们的同学Ken看起来对他遇到的每个人都友好。 考查副词和形容词辨析。gently温柔地，副词；happily高兴地，副词；politely礼貌地，副词；friendly友好的，形容词。seem是系动词，后接形容词作表语。故选D。 27．（2025·上海浦东新·一模）The freshly baked bread smelt so _______ that all the customers wanted to have a taste. A．badly B．awful C．nicely D．good 【答案】D 【详解】句意：刚烤好的面包闻起来很香，所有的顾客都想尝一尝。 考查形容词和副词辨析。badly严重地；awful可怕的；nicely漂亮地；good好的。smelt是smell的过去式，连系动词，后接形容词作表语，排除掉A和C；根据“ that all the customers wanted to have a taste.”可知，每个顾客都想尝尝，推测面包闻起来很香。故选D。 （二）数词 【考点诠释】 高频易混易错知识点梳理/归纳 1. 序数词的拼写 序数词 缩写 序数词 缩写 first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th twentieth twenty-first thirtieth thirty-fifth fortieth fiftieth sixtieth seventieth eightieth ninetieth hundredth 20th 21st 30th 35th 40th 50th 60th 70th 80th 90th 100th 2. 表示计量： 即事物的长度、宽度、深度和高度，应采用基数词。 It is 50 metres / kilometers/miles long (wide, deep, high). 它有50米/千米/英里长（宽、深、高）。 3. 表示编号： 编号的数字如果过小，可用序数词或基数词表示；如果数字较大，通常用基数词表示。 1. The tenth lesson=Lesson Ten    第10课 2. Room 405                   第405号房           3. Page 215                    第215页 4. No.14 Middle School          第14中学 5. Telephone NO.5855806         电话： 5855806 4. 表示不确切的数字： 基数词后面直接加上复数名词表示精确的数字，而基数词复数形式加上“of” 表示不确切的数字。 1. five hundred students           500名学生 2. two thousand people            2000人 3. five dozen pencils              5打铅笔 4. hundreds of students            几百名学生 5. millions of workers             成千上万的工人 6. scores of chairs                几十张椅子 5. 表示年龄和岁数 1. He is a boy of 10 yeas old.             = He is 10 yeas old.                          = He is 10 (years of age).                       = He is a ten-year-old boy.                      2. At the age of ten, he began to learn English.  3. My father is in his fifties.        我爸爸50多岁。 6. 表示年代： 表示什么世纪，什么年代时，通常在数词后加s或’s，并在年代前加定冠词the , 1. 1980’s/ 1980s（20世纪80年代）， 读作：nineteen eighties. 2.  His grandfather died in the 1970’s/1970s。           7. 表示分数： 分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子是one时，分母不必加s; 分子大于one时，分母要加s. 1. a(=one) third    三分之一         one fifth     五分之一 2. two thirds       三分之二       three fourths     四分之三 3. Two thirds of the trees were cut down ten years ago. 8. 表示百分数： 百分数的表达方式是：基数词+ percent（单数形式）+of+名词。 1. Thirty percent of the students in my class are from cities.    2. About 61 percent of the surface is covered by water.    【典题举隅】 1．（2025·上海静安·一模）Five ________ students in our school took part in the opening ceremony of the Tourism Festival. A．hundred B．hundreds C．hundredth D．hundreds of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们学校有五百名学生参加了旅游节的开幕式。 考查hundred的用法。“hundred”表示“百”，当其前面有具体数字修饰时，不用复数，也不与of连用；当表示概数时，要用其复数形式，且与of连用，即“hundreds of”表示“成百上千”。根据空前“Five”可知，此处表示具体几百，应用hundred。故选A。 2．（24-25九年级上·上海黄浦·阶段练习）The earthquake in that country left ________ people homeless. A．thousand B．thousands C．thousand of D．thousands of 【答案】D 【详解】句意：那个国家的地震使成千上万的人无家可归。 考查thousand的用法。当thousand前有具体数字时，不加s不加of；当thousand前无具体数字时，用thousands of。空格前无具体数字，用结构thousands of“数千的”。故选D。 3．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）About ________ companies from different countries will attend the Seventh China International Import Expo (中国进口博览会). A．three thousands B．thousands of C．three thousand D．thousand 【答案】C 【详解】句意：大约三千家公司将参加第七届中国国际进口博览会。 考查数词的用法。当thousand与数词连用时，表示一个具体的数字，后面不加s；当thousand与of+复数名词作主语时，表示一个多而不具体的数字，后面加s。“About”后需接一个具体的数字来表达，故选C。 4．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）It took the ancient Chinese people three ________ years to finish building the Great Wall. A．hundred B．hundreds C．hundreds of D．three hundred 【答案】A 【详解】句意：中国古代人民花了三百年的时间才建成了长城。 考查hundred的用法。根据“three”可知，此处表示的是具体的数字，hundred不用复数，也不与of连用，A选项符合。故选A。 5．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）Zhenqinwen, the Queen Wen, gained several ________ followers soon after she won the tennis gold in the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris. A．million B．millions of C．millions D．million of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：郑钦文，文女王在2024年巴黎夏季奥运会上获得网球金牌后不久，就获得了数百万粉丝。 考查million的用法。空前有数量，故此处用million的原形。故选A。 6．（23-24九年级上·上海青浦·期中）Over ________ lanterns recently lit up Hetou Old Street in Tangshan, Hebei Province. A．five thousands B．thousands of C．five thousand of D．five thousand 【答案】D 【详解】句意：最近在河北省唐山市老街上，超过五千盏灯被点亮。 考查数词。thousand表示确切数字时，不用复数形式，也不与of连用；但表示概数时，必须使用复数形式，而且要与of连用。five thousand表示“五千”；thousands of表示“成千上万的”，不与表示over连用。故选D。 7．（23-24九年级上·上海静安·期中）__________ people are waiting for the singer outside the concert hall. A．Thousands of B．Thousand of C．Thousands D．Thousand 【答案】A 【详解】句意：成千上万的人在音乐厅外面等着那位歌手。 考查数词的用法。Thousands of成千上万；Thousand of为错误形式；Thousands数千，为Thousand的复数形式；Thousand千。根据“…people are waiting for the singer outside the concert hall.”可知，当thousand前有具体的数字时，thousand需要用原形；当thousand后接of时，thousand需要变成复数形式；此处指成千上万的人在音乐厅外面等着那位歌手，应用Thousands of“成千上万”。故选A。 8．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）Even though my grandpa is ________, he still takes an active part in voluntary work. A．at his seventies B．in his seventies C．at his seventy D．in his seventy 【答案】B 【详解】句意：虽然我的爷爷已经七十多岁了，但是他仍然积极参加志愿者工作。 考查年龄表达。短语in one’s+基数词复数，表示“在某人多少岁”，“in one’s seventies”在某人七十多岁。故选B。 9．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）_______ of our earth is covered with water. A．Seven-tenth B．Seventh-tenths C．Seven-tenths D．Seventh-tens 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们地球的十分之七是被水覆盖的。 考查分数的表达。分数的表达为：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，分母用复数，即加s，因此本句中“十分之七”应表示为seven-tenths。故选C。 10．（22-23九年级上·上海宝山·开学考试）The island country has __________ history. A．a fifty years B．fifty years C．a fifty-year D．fifty-year 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个岛国有五十年的历史。 考查定语的用法。a fifty years语法错误；fifty years五十年；a fifty-year一个五十年的，作定语；fifty-year五十年的，作定语。根据“The island country has...history.”可知，此空缺定语，排除选项A和B；且history为可数名词，前需要加冠词，故选C。 11．（2023·上海奉贤·二模）Our English teacher looks young. It’s hard to imagine she is already in her ______. A．forty B．fortieth C．fourteen D．forties 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们的英语老师看起来很年轻。很难想象她已经四十多岁了。 考查基数词以及年龄段的表达。forty四十；fortieth第四十；fourteen十四；forties四十的复数形式。in one’s+逢十的基数词的复数形式，表示“在某人几十多岁时”，故选D。 （三）情态动词 【考点诠释】 情态动词 基本用法 例句 can/ could 1、表示能力，可译为“能，会”。 2、表示允许、许可，常用在口语中。could比can语气上要客气。 3、表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度，主要用于否定句和疑问句中。 4、can’t... too… /can’t… enough 再…也不为过。 The cinema can seat 1,000 people.  Could/ Can you tell me how to get to the zoo? How can you be so careless?  You can’t be too careful when driving. may/ might 在口语中可用can, could代替may，但在正式场合用may。表示允许时，也可用might代替，might不表示过去时，而是表示口气比较婉转。 1、表示请求、许可，常译为“可以”。 2、用于祈使句表示祝愿。 May/Can /Could/ Might I have a talk with you? May you succeed! must/ have to 1、must表示有做某一动作的必要或义务，强调主观看法，可译为“必须，应该”。 2、have to表示因客观需要促使主语不得不做某事。 3、mustn’t表示“禁止”；don’t have to意思是“没有必要”= don’t need to。 4、must可用来表示根据逻辑推理必然要发生的事，可译为“必然会，总是会”。 5、must有时可用来表示“偏偏”的意思。 Everyone must obey the rule.  My eyesight is very poor. I have to wear glasses for reading. You must keep it a secret. You mustn’t tell anyone. You don’t have to tell me the secret. Truth must be out. When I was taking a nap, a student must knock at the door.  must 肯定回答：Yes, ...must. 否定回答：No,...needn’t / don’t have to. shall 1、表示征询意见或请求指示，用于一、三人称疑问句。 2、表示说话人的意愿，有“命令、允诺、警告、威胁、决心”等意思，用于第二、三人称陈述句中。 3、表示强制，用于法令、条约、规章中，意为“必须，应该”。 Shall they wait outside?  He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you. （警告） Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan.（决心） The interest shall be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides. should 1、表示义务，意为“应该”（某件事宜于做）。 2、常与what, how, why等词连用，表示意外、惊讶等情绪。 3、表示对过去、现在或将来情况的某种推测，可译为“可能、照说应该”。 4、表惊讶、忧虑、惋惜等，意为“竟然”。 One shouldn’t be selfish. How should I know? He should be taking a bath now. It’s a pity that you should be so careless. ought to 1、表示义务，意为“应该”（因责任、义务而该做），口气比should稍重。 2、表示推测，暗含很大的可能，可译为“应该是，会是”。 We ought to defend our country. Prices ought to come down soon. will 1、表意愿，用于各种人称陈述句。 2、表请求，用于疑问句。 3、表示某种倾向或习惯性动作。 I will do anything for you. Will you close the window? It’s a bit  cold.  The door won’t open. would 1、表意愿。 2、表委婉地提出请求、建议或看法。 3、表过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向。  They would not let him in because he was poorly dressed.  Would you like another glass of beer?  Every time she was in trouble, she would go to him for help.  used to 1、表示过去的习惯或过去某时期的状况，但现在已不存在。 2、否定：usedn’t to/didn’t use to。 区别： used to表示过去习惯动作或状态，强调“现已无此习惯了”，而would只表示过去的习惯动作，与现在无关，往往要带有一个特定的时间状语。 He used to drink tea but now he drinks coffee. I usedn’t to go there./ I didn’t use to go there. Did you use to/Used you to go to the same school as your brother? We used to play hide-and-seek in the fields.  Whenever we were in the country, we would play hide-and-seek in the fields. need 1、作情态动词： need表示“需要”或“必须”，仅用于否定句或疑问句中，在肯定句中一般用 must，have to，ought to，或 should代替。 否定：needn’t do 2、作实义动词： 后面接不定式（to do），有人称、数和时态的变化。 肯定：need to do 否定：don’t need to do You needn’t come so early. He needs to finish it this evening. He doesn’t need to finish it this evening. dare 1、作情态动词： 主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中，一般不用于肯定句。 2、作实义动词： 在肯定句中，dare后面通常接带 to的不定式；而在否定和疑问句中，dare后面的不定式可以不带to。 肯定：dare to do 否定：don’t dare (to) do —He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he? —Yes, he dare./No, he daren’t. How dare you say I’m unfair? If you dare come here, I will come to meet you. 【典题举隅】 1．（2025·上海黄浦·一模）Visitors ________ sign in at the front desk for safety reasons before entering the building. A．must B．might C．can D．may 【答案】A 【详解】句意：出于安全原因，访客在进入大楼前必须在前台签到。 考查情态动词的用法。must 必须；might 可能；can 能够，可以；may 可以，可能。must意为“必须”，强调出于规定、要求或必要性等，在这里是说因为安全方面的原因，访客有义务和必要在前台签到，这是一种强制要求；另外根据空后“for safety reasons”可知，此处也强调规定和必要性，所以用must最合适。故填A。 2．（2025·上海闵行·一模）The restaurant is always crowded with people. The food there ________ be very delicious. A．must B．should C．need D．would 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这家餐馆总是挤满了人。那里的食物一定很好吃。 考查情态动词。must一定；should应该；need需要；would将会。根据“The restaurant is always crowded with people.”可知，挤满了人，说明餐馆的食物一定很美味，应该使用must be“一定是”，故选A。 3．（2025·上海青浦·一模）Drivers ________ obey traffic rules to ensure the safety of themselves and others. A．can B．will C．might D．should 【答案】D 【详解】句意：司机应该遵守交通规则，以确保自己和他人的安全。 考查情态动词。can能；will将要；might可能；should应该。根据“Drivers…obey traffic rules”可知，遵守交通规则是一种责任和义务，应用should来表示建议或责任。故选D。 4．（2025·上海金山·一模）—May I hand in the plan of the project tomorrow? —Yes, of course. You ________ give it to me today. A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．can’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我明天可以提交项目计划吗？——是的，当然。你今天不必给我。 考查情态动词。shouldn’t不应该；needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；can’t不能。根据“May I hand in the plan of the project tomorrow?”以及“Yes, of course.”可知，此处指允许对方明天提交项目计划，即对方今天不必给自己，B项符合。故选B。 5．（2025·上海松江·一模）According to the traffic rules, a baby ________ not sit on an adult’s lap in a car. A．may B．will C．need D．can 【答案】D 【详解】句意：根据交通规则，在车里，婴儿不能坐在大人的腿上。 考查情态动词。may可能；will将要；need需要；can能/可以。根据交通安全常识，婴儿坐在大人腿上是不允许的，can not“不能”，表示不允许。故选D。 6．（2025·上海宝山·一模）After putting in so much effort into this project, you ________ worry too much about the results. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．may not 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在这个项目上投入了这么多精力之后，你不必太担心结果。 考查情态动词。can’t不能；mustn’t不允许；needn’t不需要；may not不得。根据“After putting in so much effort into this project,”可知，应表达投入这么多精力不必太担心结果。故选C。 7．（2025·上海虹口·一模）After some training, most dogs ________ follow simple commands like sit, stay or go. A．can B．should C．must D．need 【答案】A 【详解】句意：经过一些训练，大多数狗都能遵循简单的命令，如坐下、停留或离开。 考查情态动词。can能；should应该；must必须；need需要。根据“follow simple commands like sit, stay or go”可知训练之后，狗能遵循简单的命令。故选A。 8．（2025·上海徐汇·一模）Nobody ________ solve that complex case without gathering sufficient evidence. A．may B．can C．must D．need 【答案】B 【详解】句意：没有充分的证据，没有人能侦破那个复杂的案件。 考查情态动词。may可能；can可以，能；must必须；need需要。根据“without gathering sufficient evidence”结合语境可知，此处应指没有充分的证据，没有人能侦破案件。故选B。 9．（2025·上海普陀·一模）Mom, ________ you buy me a new watch? The old one just stopped working. A．can B．need C．must D．may 【答案】A 【详解】句意：妈妈，你能给我买块新手表吗？那辆旧的刚刚停止工作。 考查情态动词。can能，可以；need需要；must必须；may可能。根据“...you buy me a new watch? The old one just stopped working.”可知，此处表示请求许可。故选A。 10．（2025·上海嘉定·一模）I didn’t ________ Jenny right away because her new hairstyle looked so different. A．remember B．recognize C．realize D．memorize 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我没有马上认出珍妮，因为她的新发型看起来太不一样了。 考查动词辨析。remember记得；recognize认出；realize意识到；memorize记忆。根据“because her new hairstyle looked so different.”可知她的新发型看起来太不一样了，所以没有马上认出她。故选B。 11．（24-25九年级上·上海黄浦·期末）________ anyone explain why there is a fridge in our office? A．Should B．Can C．Must D．Need 【答案】B 【详解】句意：谁能解释一下为什么我们办公室有一台冰箱？ 考查情态动词。Should应该；Can能，可以；Must必须；Need需要。根据“… anyone explain why there is a fridge in our office?”可知，此处应用“can”来询问是否有人能够解释办公室有一台冰箱的原因。故选B。 12．（2025·上海浦东新·一模）According to health experts, old people had better _______ every day to stay healthy. A．exercise B．to exercise C．exercising D．exercised 【答案】A 【详解】句意：根据健康专家，为了保持健康，老人最好每天锻炼。 考查固定短语。exercise锻炼，动词原形；to exercise锻炼，动词不定式形式；exercising锻炼，现在分词或动名词形式；exercised锻炼，过去式或过去分词形式。根据固定短语had better do sth.“最好做某事”可知，此处应填动词原形。故选A。 13．（2025·上海浦东新·一模）With the help of AI, people _______ spend much time searching for the information on their own. A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C． mustn’t D．can’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在人工智能的帮助下，人们不必花太多时间自己搜索信息。 考查情态动词。needn’t不必；shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t一定不能；can’t不能。根据“With the help of AI, people … spend much time searching for the information on their own.”可知，此处是说“在人工智能的帮助下，人们不必花太多时间自己搜索信息”，needn’t“不必”符合句意。故选A。 14．（2025·上海崇明·一模）—Dad, I’ll take the dog for a walk this afternoon. You ________ do it yourself. —Thanks, Alisa. You’re a real help. A．can’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——爸爸，今天下午我要带狗去散步。你不必自己做。——谢谢，艾丽莎。你真是帮了大忙。 考查情态动词。can’t不能；needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该。根据“I’ll take the dog for a walk this afternoon. You…do it yourself.”可知，Alisa要带狗去散步，所以爸爸不必自己去。故选B。 15．（2025·上海杨浦·一模）—Did you hear what he just said? —He ________ be joking—there’s no way that’s true! A．can B．need C．must D．should 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你听到他刚才说的话了吗？——他一定是在开玩笑——这不可能是真的！ 考查情态动词。can能；need需要；must一定；should应该。根据“be joking—there’s no way that’s true”可知不可能是真的，所以是认为他一定是在开玩笑。故选C。 16．（2025·上海长宁·一模）You had better ________ up too late tonight because you will have an exam tomorrow. A．not stay B．not staying C．not to stay D．not stayed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你最好今晚不要熬夜太晚，因为明天你要考试。 考查had better的用法。had better是情态动词，后跟动词原形，且否定句是在better后加not，即had better not do sth“最好不要做某事”。故选A。 17．（2025·上海长宁·一模）________ you open the door for me? I am carrying too many things. A．Must B．May C．Need D．Could 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你能帮我把门打开吗？我拿了太多东西。 考查情态动词。Must必须；May可以；Need需要；Could能够。表示请求时一般用“Could you …?” Could意为 “能够”，表示婉转的请求。故选D。 18．（2025·上海静安·一模）Nowadays, people ________ easily turn to ChatGPT when facing something they don’t know. A．can B．should C．need D．must 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如今，当人们遇到不懂的问题时，可以轻松地求助于ChatGPT。 考查情态动词。can可以，能够；should应该；need需要；must必须，一定。根据“when facing something they don’t know.”可知，在面对不懂的问题时我们可以求助ChatGPT。can表示“可以，能够”。故选A。 19．（2025·上海嘉定·一模）The guide informed the visitors they ________ leave their bags at the reception if they preferred. A．might B．need C．must D．should 【答案】A 【详解】句意：导游告知游客，如果他们愿意，可以将包放在接待处。 考查情态动词辨析。might可以；need需要；must必须；should应该。由“if they preferred”可知，游客可以留包但不是强制的，用might符合语境。故选A。 20．（2024·上海奉贤·一模）—Jacky, I’m afraid it’s impossible for us to finish the project this afternoon. —Well, we ________ complete it today. It’s fine if we give a to Professor Wu tomorrow. A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．needn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——杰克，恐怕今天下午我们不可能完成这个项目了。——嗯，我们不必今天完成，明天交给吴教授就可以了。 考查情态动词辨析。shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t禁止；can’t不可能；needn’t不必。根据“It’s fine if we give a to Professor Wu tomorrow.”可知，今天不必完成。故选D。 21．（24-25九年级下·上海·阶段练习）We ________ give up producing cars but we should invent better, cleaner engines. A．don’t need to B．needn’t to C．don’t need D．need to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们不需要放弃生产汽车，但我们应该发明更好、更清洁的发动机。 考查need的用法。don’t need to不必要去做，后接动词原形；needn’t to错误表达，needn’t是情态动词，后接动词原形，排除B；don’t need后接动词不定式“to do”，排除C；need to需要做某事，后接动词原形。根据“We … give up producing cars but we should invent better, cleaner engines.”可知，此处是指不需要放弃生产汽车，应用“don’t need to give up…”，排除D。故选A。 22．（2025·上海浦东新·一模）The freshly baked bread smelt so _______ that all the customers wanted to have a taste. A．badly B．awful C．nicely D．good 【答案】D 【详解】句意：刚烤好的面包闻起来很香，所有的顾客都想尝一尝。 考查形容词和副词辨析。badly严重地；awful可怕的；nicely漂亮地；good好的。smelt是smell的过去式，连系动词，后接形容词作表语，排除掉A和C；根据“ that all the customers wanted to have a taste.”可知，每个顾客都想尝尝，推测面包闻起来很香。故选D。 1．（2023·上海·中考真题）Joyce felt ________ when she won the first prize for handwriting. A．please B．pleased C．pleasure D．pleasantly 【答案】B 【详解】句意：乔伊斯获得书法一等奖时感到很高兴。 考查形容词的用法。please使高兴，动词；pleased高兴的，形容词；pleasure高兴，名词；pleasantly令人愉快地，副词。此处作felt的表语用形容词pleased。故选B。 2．（2023·上海·中考真题）It’s much ________ today. You needn’t have your coat on. A．warm B．warmer C．warmest D．the warmest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：今天暖和多了。你不必穿外套。 考查形容词比较级。warm温暖的；warmer更温暖的；warmest错误用法；the warmest最温暖的。根据“much”及语境可知，此处指的是今天暖和多了。故选B。 3．（2022·上海·中考真题）These strawberries look _______. I’d like to buy some for my father. A．happily B．lovely C．softly D．properly 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这些草莓看起来很可爱。我想给我爸爸买一些。 考查形容词作表语。happily开心地，副词；lovely可爱的，形容词；softly柔软地，副词；properly正确地，副词。look是系动词，后加形容词作表语，lovely符合，故选B。 4．（2022·上海·中考真题）This detective story is _______ than the one I read last night. A．attractive B．more attractive C．most attractive D．the most attractive 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这篇侦探小说比我昨晚读的那篇更吸引人。 考查比较级。根据“than”可知，此处是比较级，应用形容词attractive的比较级more attractive。故选B。 5．（2021·上海·中考真题）Your idea of a day on the beach sounds ________. Can I join you? A．lovely B．softly C．politely D．beautifully 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你在海滩上度过一天的想法听起来很不错。我能和你一起去吗？ 考查形容词的用法。lovely可爱的，极好的，形容词；softly轻柔地，副词；politely礼貌地，副词；beautifully美丽地，副词。“sounds”为系动词，后面接形容词构成系表结构。故选A。 6．（2021·上海·中考真题）Yuan Longping is recognized as one of ________ agricultural scientists in the world. A．great B．greater C．greatest D．the greatest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：袁隆平被认为是世界上最伟大的农业科学家之一。 考查形容词。great伟大的；greater更伟大的；greatest最伟大的；the greatest最伟大的。one of the+形容词的最高级+复数名词，表示“最……的……之一”，故选D。 7．（2020·上海·中考真题）Balanced diets are just as________as regular exercise in our daily life． A．important B．more important C．most important D．the most important 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在我们的日常生活中，平衡的饮食和有规律的锻炼一样重要。 考查形容词比较等级。important原级；more important比较级；most important最高级；the most important最高级；原级比较as...as和……一样，用形容词或副词的原形。故选A。 8．（2019·上海·中考真题）The climbers made a fire during the night in order to be in the mountain. A．safe B．safely C．save D．safety 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了在山上安全，登山者在夜间生火。 A. safe安全的；形容词；B. safely安全地；副词；C. save节省，动词；D. safety安全，名词。in order to be+形容词，safe的意思是“安全的”，形容词。故选A。 9．（2019·上海·中考真题）David's responses were than anyone else's and he won the competition. A．quick B．quicker C．quickest D．the quickest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：大卫的反应比任何人都快，他赢得了比赛。 A. quick快的；B. quicker更快的；C. quickest最快的；D. the quickest最快的。根据than anyone else's and he won the competition.可知，这里用形容词的比较级，排除AB；选项D为最高级，可排除。根据题意，故选B。 10．（2018·上海·中考真题）Old Mr. Green doesn't feel_____because some students visit him regularly. A．sadly B．gently C．lonely D．angrily 【答案】C 【详解】句意：格林老先生不感到孤独，因为一些学生定期来看他。A. sadly悲伤地；B. gently温柔地；C. lonely孤单地；D. angrily生气地。根据后面的句子“because some students visit him regularly.”可知，因为有学生而不再感到孤单，故答案为C。 11．（2018·上海·中考真题）The bridge between the two islands is _______ one in Shanghai. A．long B．longer C．longest D．the longest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这两座岛之间的桥是上海最长的一座桥。in Shanghai在上海，是表示最高级的比较范围，形容词的最高级之前用定冠词the，故答案为D。 12．（2017·上海·中考真题）Nowadays people wish to have ____ food than before as their life improves. A．healthy B．healthier C．healthiest D．the healthiest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：现在人们希望有比以前更健康的食物，因为他们的生活改善了。 比以前更健康而且空格后面有比较级标志词than，要用healthy的比较级。A. healthy健康的，原级；B. healthier更健康的，比较级；C. healthiest和D. the healthiest最健康的，最高级。根据than可知，这里应该用形容词的比较级的形式。故选B。 13．（2016·上海·中考真题）The manager sounded____ on the phone.He offered to show us around the company. A．softly B．friendly C．gently D．seriously 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个经理在电话里听起来很友好，他邀请我们参观公司。 考查形容词作表语。A. softly副词，轻柔地，柔软地；B. friendly形容词，友好的；C. gently副词，温柔地、温和地；D. seriously副词，严肃地、认真地。句中sound为系动词，后面接形容词作表语，故选B。 14．（2015·上海·中考真题） Alex did the project on community service ______ better than his classmates. A．so B．very C．too D．much 【答案】D 【详解】句意：亚历克斯做的关于社区服务的计划比他的同班同学做的好的多。so 如此，very 非常，too 太，用来修饰形容词或副词的原级；much，far, a lot, a little , 等用来修饰比较级，说明比较的程度。结合句意及结构，故选D。 15．（2017·上海·中考真题）（2017 • 上海中考）Alex believes he will soon be able to play chess as __________ as the computer. A．well B．better C．best D．the best 【答案】A 【详解】句意：亚历克斯相信他下棋很快就能和玩计算机一样好了。 as…as，和……一样……，两个as之间要用原级形容词或副词。B. better更好，是well的比较级；C. best最好，是well的最高级形式； D. the best最好，是well的最高级形式；故选A。 16．（2015·上海·中考真题） The little dancer from Australia looks _____ in the long skirt. A．gently B．happily C．beautifully D．lovely 【答案】D 【详解】句意：那个来自澳大利亚的小小的舞者穿着那条长裙子看起来很可爱。look看起来，半系动词，后加形容词。A. gently 轻轻地；B.happily愉快地；C. beautifully 美好地；D. lovely可爱的。ABC是副词，结合句意，故选D。 17．（2013·上海·中考真题）My old neighbour Charles felt__________ after his children moved out． A．lonely B．safely C．angrily D．happily 【答案】A 【详解】lonely孤独地；safely安全地；angrily愤怒地；happily高兴地。句意：当他的孩子搬走以后，我的老邻居查尔斯感到很孤独。结合语境可知选Ａ。 1．（2023·上海·中考真题）According to the law, you ________ drive after drinking. A．mustn’t B．won’t C．can’t D．needn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：根据法律规定，酒后不能开车。 考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止；won’t将不会；can’t不能；needn’t不必。根据“According to the law”和常识可知，法律规定酒后禁止开车。故选A。 2．（2022·上海·中考真题）—_______ I use your glue? I’m making a kite. —No problem. Here you are. A．Should B．Need C．Must D．May 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我可以用你的胶水吗？我在做风筝。——没问题。给你。 考查情态动词。Should应该；Need需要；Must必须；May可以。此处表征求他人的同意，应用May引导一般疑问句。故选D。 3．（2021·上海·中考真题）—________ I have two tickets for the Chinese Farmers’ Painting Exhibition? —Sorry. The tickets are sold out. A．Must B．Need C．Should D．May 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我可以买两张中国农民画展的票吗？ ——很抱歉，票卖完了。 考查情态动词。Must必须；Need需要；Should应该；May可以。根据“I have two tickets for the Chinese Farmers’ Painting Exhibition”可知，此处表示请求允许，用May引导一般疑问句。故选D。 4．（2020·上海·中考真题）According to the traffic law，children under 12________ride bicycles on the road． A．won't B．wouldn't C．needn't D．mustn't 【答案】D 【详解】句意：根据交通法，12岁以下的儿童不允许在路上骑自行车． 考查情态动词的用法。won't不将会；wouldn't不将会；needn't不必；mustn't不允许。根据children under 12"12岁以下的儿童"可知，"不允许"在路上骑自行车。用mustn't。故选D。 【点睛】考查情态动词。情态动词在句中不受人称、性别、单复数变化的影响，但是要考虑时态，交际用法等。结合语境，选择正确答案。 5．（2019·上海·中考真题）According to the rule，used batteries be dropped in the red bin for harmful wastes. A．must B．need C．can D．may 【答案】A 【详解】句意：根据规定，废旧电池必须投到红色垃圾箱中，以防产生有害废物。 A. must必须；B. need需要；C. can能，会；D. may可以。根据下文in the red bin for harmful wastes.可知这里是说必须被丢到红色垃圾箱。根据题意，故选A。 6．（2018·上海·中考真题）-Must I do the project on my own? -No, you____.You can work with your classmates. A．needn’t B．can’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我必须自己做这个项目吗？——不，你不需要。你可以和你的同学一起工作。A. needn’t不必；B. can’t 不能；C. shouldn’t不应该；D. mustn’t禁止，千万别。以must开头的一般疑问句，以must开头的疑问句，肯定回答用must，而否定回答则用needn’t或don’t have to，意为“不需要、不必”，而不能用mustn’t，故选A。 点睛：must的用法：①表示必须，否定式为mustn’t，意为“禁止”。②以must开头的疑问句，肯定回答用must，而否定回答则用needn’t或don’t have to，意为“不需要、不必”，而不能用mustn’t。这里要格外注意以情态动词开头的一般疑问句的回答并不一定都是“用什么问用什么答”，有时会有特例，本题便是，不能使用“mustn’t”，如果使用，意思就会变成“禁止”，而非“不需要”。 7．（2017·上海·中考真题）—________ I park my car here for a while? —No, you mustn't. Do you see the sign “NO PARKING”? A．Would B．May C．Must D．Should 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我可以把车在这儿停一会儿吗？——不，你不能。你看到“禁止停车”的标志了吗？在英语中，可以用may、might、can、could提出要求，表示请求“许可”。A.would和D.should用于委婉说法，表达的是“意愿”，可排除。而C.must强调的是“必须”，也可排除。故选B。 8．（2016·上海·中考真题）A good friend is someone you share your pleasure and pain with. A．ought B．need C．can D．must 【答案】C 【详解】句意：真正的好朋友是你可以与之分享快乐和痛苦的人。ought to应该；need需要；can能够，可以；must必须。A答案中缺少to，首先应排除。结合句意可知，能够与你分享快乐和痛苦的人才是一个真正的好朋友，答案为C。 9．（2015·上海·中考真题）–Mum, ______ I visit the Movie Museum tomorrow? --I’m afraid you can’t . It is closed on Monday . A．must B．may C．should D．need 【答案】B 【详解】句意：--妈妈，明天我可以参观电影博物馆吗？--恐怕你不能去，周一不开门。A. must 必须； B.may 可以，表示请求；C. should 应该；D. need需要。may I …?我可以做……？否定回答通常不用mayn’t经常用can’t或mustn’t. 结合句意，故选B。 10．（2014·上海·中考真题）All passengers ______ go through safety check before they take a plane. A．can B．may C．must D．could 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在所有的乘客坐飞机之前他们必须经过安检。 can能，表示能力；may可以，表示允许；must必要，表示要求；ought应该，表示责任和义务。结合句意，坐飞机要进行安检，这是一个必须做的事情，故用情态动词must，故选C。 11．（2013·上海·中考真题）A lot of foreigners__________ familiar with the famous places of interest in China． A．am B．is C．are D．be 【答案】C 【详解】be动词往往根据句子的主语而有所不同，其应用原则可以结合如下歌谣来记忆；我用am，你用are；is用在他、她、它。单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。本句主语A lot of foreigners许多外国人，是复数形式，故系动词用are，选C。 考点：主谓一致 12．（2012·上海·中考真题）With the help of the new technology, you ________ e-mail your friends by mobile phone. A．can B．must C．need D．should 【答案】A 【详解】句意：有了新技术的帮助，你可以用手机给你的朋友发电子邮件。 考查情态动词。can能够；must必须；need需要；should应该。根据“With the help of the new technology”可知，你可以通过手机发邮件，此处强调能力，使用can。故选A。 13．（2011·甘肃兰州·中考真题）You _____ lose your way if you walk alone in the mountains at night. A．may B．need C．should D．ought to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你晚上一个人在山上走，你可能会迷路。 考查情态动词的用法。 解题思路：此处由句意可知表示推测语气，选项B、C、D均不表示推测语气，may可能，表示推测，故选A。 14．（2013·上海·中考真题）— Must I go to medical school and be a doctor like you，Dad? — No，you__________，son．You’re free to make your own decision． A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t 【答案】D 【详解】试题分析：句意：–我必须去上医学院像你一样当一个医生吗，爸爸？—不，你不必，儿子。你可以自由地做你自己的决定。can’t不能；mustn’t禁止，不允许；shouldn’t不应该；needn’t不必。对must开头的一般疑问句做否定回答，习惯用needn’t。所以选D。 考点：考查情态动词。 15．（2015·上海·中考真题）Rose received a letter full of love from her parents on her ______ birthday. A．sixteen B．sixteen’s C．sixteenth D．sixteenths 【答案】C 【详解】句意：罗斯在她的十六岁生日的时候，从他的父母那里收到了一封充满爱的信。one’s +序数词+birthday ，某人多少岁生日。在分数的表达中，只有在分数中分子大于1时，做分母的序数词才变成复数。结合句意，可知该题表示第十六个生日，故选C。 2 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$