UNIT 1 Section 3 Grammar(教用Word)-【赢在微点·轻松课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册（人教版2019）

Section 3　Grammar—不定式作表语 课前观察自主领悟 语法图解 观察句子 ① He appears to be very happy. ②To catch the train, we􀆳d better hurry to the station. ③I􀆳m glad to be traveling with you. ④I􀆳m sorry to have lost your key. ⑤These are the books to be given out to the students. ⑥We decided not to go out because of the bad weather. ⑦What he hoped was to be admitted into the university. 我的领悟 1.句①②中的不定式分别作表语、状语。句③④⑤分别用了不定式的进行式、完成式、被动语态。 2.不定式的否定形式在to前面加not,如句⑥。 3.句⑦中不定式作表语。 语法课堂高效学习 一、不定式作表语的用法 1.主语是goal, aim, suggestion, duty, hope, idea, intention, plan, purpose, way等词时,一般用动词不定式作表语说明主语的内容。 ①My idea is to climb the mountain from the south. 我的想法是从南面爬这座山。 ②Our plan is to make full use of these materials. 我们的计划是充分利用这些材料。 2.用于被动语态,相当于can/could, should, ought to, must,具有情态意义。 ①The rules are to be observed. 这些规则必须遵守。 (must) ②You are to be punished. 你应受惩罚。(should) ③The book is nowhere to be found. 哪儿也找不到这本书。(can􀆳t) 3.表示“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、愿望、意愿、禁止”等。 ①They are to marry next week. 他们将在下周结婚。(安排) ②You must be patient and persistent if you are to succeed. 要想成功,就必须有耐心,有毅力。(愿望) 4.动词不定式(短语)作表语时,可用主动形式表示被动意义。 ①Who is to blame for the accident? 谁该对此次事故负责? ②The house is to let. 该房屋出租。 ③Something is still to find out. 有些东西还有待查明。 【小练1】　单句语法填空 ①Now my dream is to open (open) a bookstore.  ②The organization􀆳s purpose is to relieve (relieve) poverty in this area.  ③Their intention is to raise(raise) enough money for the disabled children.  ④His aim is to find (find) out a cure for the disease someday.  二、动词不定式(短语)作表语,省略to的情况 动词不定式(短语)作表语时,一般情况下不定式符号to不能省略,但在以下几种情况下可省略不定式符号to: 1.当all作主句的主语,其后的定语从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时。 All we need to do is live each day to the fullest. 我们需要做的就是充分过好每一天。 2.当what引导的从句作主语,从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时。 What I want to do is take a rest right away. 我想做的是马上就去休息。 【小练2】　补全句子 ①All we have to do is arrive at school on time.  我们要做的就是按时到学校。 ②What he can do is keep you company.  他能做的就是陪伴你。 三、动词不定式(短语)作表语和v.⁃ing(短语)作表语的区别 动词不定式(短语)和v.⁃ing(短语)作表语时可换用,但以下情况除外: (1)当动词所表达的是具体的一次性的或将来的动作时,通常用动词不定式(短语)作表语。 ①Her best wish is to put her new ideas into practice. 她最大的愿望是将自己的新想法付诸实践。 ②His task now is to set the table. 他现在的任务是要去摆桌子。 (2)若动词所表达的并不强调动作,而是一般的泛指或习惯性的行为时,则通常用v.⁃ing(短语)作表语。 ①My favorite sport is swimming. 我最喜欢的运动是游泳。 ②What I hate most is being laughed at. 我最痛恨的就是被嘲笑。 【小练3】　单句语法填空 ①My job is looking (look) after the old in the nursing home. ②My job now is to take (take) care of my injured brother at home.  ③My hobby is listening (listen) to country music. 语法微练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1. The next step is to make (make) sure that you know exactly what it is.  2. More than one boy of your members is to act in the short play, which is to be performed (perform) tomorrow.  3. Her job is nursing (nurse) patients in the hospital; but this weekend her task is to look (look) after her granny.  4. What most college graduates want to do is (to) find　 (find) the ideal job as soon as possible.   5. The question of whether English will continue changing in the future remains to be seen　 (see).  6. All I can do is ride (ride) a tricycle and make money for the students. 7. His dream was to open (open) a photo studio that could transport people back to the past.  8. The first thing I do every morning is take (take) plenty of exercise. Ⅱ.完成句子 1.我的首要目标是为国家服务。 My chief aim is to serve my country.  2.他唯一能做的就是告知我们事实。 The only thing he could do was tell us the truth.  3.她的心愿是到国外进修。 Her wish is to go abroad for advanced study.  4.她学习的目的是当医生。 Her purpose in learning is to be a doctor.  5.明智的做法是不理他们。 The sensible thing is to leave them alone.  学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$