UNIT 1 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language（Word教参）-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册（人教版2024）

Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language 动词不定式(短语)作表语 Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空并体会其语法特征。 1．(教材P2)Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is to look (look) at the development of Western painting over the centuries. 2．(教材P2)During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was to teach (teach) people about Christianity. 3．(教材P3)In this work, Monet's aim was to convey (convey) the light and movement in the scene—the subjective impression the scene gave him—but not a detailed record of the scene itself. 4．Maybe Lippi himself cannot answer this question, so the only thing he can do is (to) resign (resign)． Ⅱ.根据以上例句填空。 1．动词不定式(短语)作表语的结构为 系动词(be)＋to do或系动词(be)＋to be done 。 2．句1、2、3、4都是动词不定式(短语)作 表语 。 3．句4为 省略to 的动词不定式(短语)作表语。 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，可以放在系动词be, become, sound, taste之后作表语，通常说明或解释主语的内容，也可表示将来的动作。 一、动词不定式(短语)作表语的用法 动词不定式可以放在be, become, sound, taste等系动词后面作表语。具体用法如下： 1．不定式作表语，一般紧跟在系动词如be, seem, remain, appear, get等后面，用来说明主语的内容。 ►Her wish is to become a key college student after graduation. 她的愿望是毕业后成为一名名校大学生。 ►Whether the medicine works remains to be seen.这种药是否有效还要拭目以待。 ►The efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be paying off.坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。 2．主语是以way, aim, duty, hope, dream, idea, intention, purpose, mistake, plan, proposal, job, suggestion, task, goal等抽象名词为中心词的名词词组及what 引导的主语从句， 常用不定式作表语。 ►The purpose of education is to develop a fine personality in children. 教育的目的是发展儿童美好的品格。 ►The best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals. 打造一支出色的队伍最好的方法是把一群最有才华的个人聚集起来。 ►What he wanted to suggest was to cut down the price and increase the sales. 他想建议的是降低价格，增加销量。 3．疑问词＋不定式结构作表语 疑问词who, what, which, when, where, how, why后加动词不定式构成不定式短语， 它在句中可作主语、宾语和表语。 ►Our difficulty is where to find a guide leading us into the rainforest.我们的困难是在哪里找到一个带领我们进入热带雨林的向导。 ►The biggest challenge is how to prevent the spread of virus effectively. 最大的挑战是如何有效阻止病毒的传播。 4．be to do表示计划、安排、命令、注定、目的、应该、可能等意义。 ►Sweden is to close all high schools and universities from Wednesday.瑞典将从周三起关闭所有高中和大学。(计划、安排) ►This naughty boy is to stay here until class is over.这个淘气的男孩必须待在这里直到下课。(命令) ►She shows great interest in music so she is to be a musician in time.她对音乐非常感兴趣， 因此， 她迟早会成为一名音乐家的。(注定) ►If you are to succeed, you should be patient and persistent.要想成功， 你就应该要有耐心和毅力。(目的) [即时训练1]——单句语法填空 (1)(2024·新课标Ⅱ改编)The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go (go) somewhere else. (2)(2023·新课标Ⅰ改编)My suggestion is to group (group) students based on their language abilities or to let students choose their own partners. (3)What he is considering is to get (get) enough money to buy a car. (4)What he hoped was to be admitted (admit) to the Peking University. (5)The problem is how to solve (solve) the shortage of labor in such a short time. (6)Their daughter is to get (get) married next month. 二、动词不定式(短语)作表语省略to的情况 动词不定式(短语)作表语时，一般情况下动词不定式符号to不能省略，但在以下几种情况下可省略动词不定式符号to： 1．all作主句主语，其后的定语从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时。 ►All we need to do is live each day with hope. 我们需要做的就是带着希望过好每一天。 2．what引导的从句作主语，从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时。 ►What the government will do next step is protect our environment from being polluted further.政府下一步要做的是保护环境免受进一步污染。 3．(主句)主语被only, first, one, least或形容词最高级修饰，且其后作定语的从句或短语中含有实义动词do的某种形式时。 ►The only thing I can do now is stick to the plan by myself. 现在我唯一能做的就是自己坚持这项计划。 [即时训练2]——补全句子 (1)我们要做的就是按下按钮。 All we have to do is push the button . (2)我唯一能做的就是陪伴你。 The only thing I can do is keep you company . 三、动词不定式(短语)和动名词(短语)作表语的区别 1．一般情况下， 区别不大， 可通用。 ►Seeing is believing.＝To see is to believe. 眼见为实。 2．动名词表示的动作较抽象或是习惯性的， 而不定式表示某次具体的动作。 ►My job is teaching in a middle school. 我的工作是在中学教学。 ►My job this afternoon is to teach you English. 我今天下午的工作是教你英语。 [即时训练3]——单句语法填空 (1)My job is looking (look) after the old in the nursing home. (2)My job now is to take (take) care of my injured brother at home. (3)My hobby is listening (listen) to country music. (4)To know everything is to know (know) nothing. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The next step is to make (make)sure that you make a reasonable plan. 2．As a matter of fact, the careless driver is to blame (blame) for the terrible accident. 3．She didn't know that the interview was to change (change) her future. 4．They are to hold (hold) a party when they arrive at the colorful island. 5．We can't seem to make (make) up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. 6．The most important thing is to finish (finish) the work on time. 7．The young man is to be praised (praise) by the boss at the meeting tomorrow. 8．The solution was to plant (plant) trees so the animals could seek shelter during the daytime. 9．The purpose of new technology is to make (make) life easier, not to make it more difficult. 10．What you need is to tell (tell) them about this difference and believe them. Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．电影《丝绸之路》将于下周六晚上8点在我们学校的报告厅上映，因此，我写信邀请您加入我们。 The film, The Silk Road, is to be shown in our school hall at 8 p．m.next Saturday, so I'm writing to invite you to join us. 2．获奖作品将于6月16日在我们的校报上出版。 The winning entries are to be published in our school newspaper on June 16. 3. 医护人员的职责就是拯救所有的病人。 The duty of doctors and nurses is to save all the patients . 4．我们的计划是为农民子弟再建一所中学。 Our plan is to set up another middle school for the peasants' children. 5．这次活动的目的是唤醒学生保护环境的意识。 The purpose of the activity is to arouse the students' awareness of protecting the environment . 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$