重难点03.非谓语动词-2025年中考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练(北京专用)

重难点03 非谓语动词 中考英语近年有关非谓语动词的考查情况分析 考查点‌ ‌常见题型‌ ‌典型例题‌ ‌考查分析‌ 命题趋势 ‌不定式作宾语/宾补‌ 单项选择、完形填空 He decided ______ (join) the club.（答案：to join）‌ 侧重基础用法，结合生活场景（如校园活动、志愿服务）设计语境‌ ‌语境化考查为主：‌非谓语动词题目不再依赖显性提示词（如 to/in order to），而是通过上下文逻辑暗示正确形式。例如，完形填空中通过动作链（如 argued→decided to listen）判断不定式目的。 ‌融合育人主题：‌试题选材常结合“五育并举”导向，例如用动名词描述劳动教育（volunteering at a nursing home）或美育活动（painting the wall）‌。 ‌强调综合运用能力：‌书面表达中要求学生灵活使用非谓语结构（如 I enjoy helping others, which makes me happy），体现语言表达的逻辑性和丰富性‌。 ‌拔高题难度稳定‌：独立主格、复杂分词结构仍集中于阅读D篇或完形填空后两题，需结合长难句拆分和逻辑连词（如 with/without）解题‌。 ‌动名词作主语/介词宾语‌ 单项选择、阅读表达 ______ (read) books helps improve vocabulary.（答案：Reading）‌ 通过具体行为（如阅读、运动）强调动名词的抽象意义，体现“五育融合”导向‌ ‌分词作状语/定语‌ 完形填空、阅读表达 The girl ______ (sit) by the window is my sister.（答案：sitting）‌ 强化语境逻辑，常与情感描写结合（如“panicking students”烘托紧张氛围）‌ ‌不定式表目的/结果‌ 单项选择、书面表达 She worked hard ______ (win) the competition.（答案：to win）‌1 注重因果逻辑，常与成长主题（如克服困难、实现目标）关联‌ ‌分词独立主格结构‌ 完形填空、阅读理解 Weather ______ (permit), we’ll go hiking.（答案：permitting）‌ 难度较高，多出现在拔高题（如阅读D篇），考查长难句分析能力‌ 【情境解读】 【重难诠释】 中考英语非谓语动词主要知识点 ‌非谓语类型‌ ‌核心知识点‌ ‌句法功能‌ ‌典型例题‌ ‌动词不定式‌ 1. ‌形式‌：to do（主动） / to be done（被动） 2. ‌时态‌：一般式（表目的/将来）、完成式（to have done） 3. ‌固定搭配‌：decide to do, refuse to do 主语、宾语、宾补、状语、定语、表语 He hopes ______ (become) a scientist. （答案：to become）‌ ‌动名词‌ 1. ‌形式‌：v-ing 2. ‌功能‌：表抽象、习惯性动作 3. ‌固定搭配‌：enjoy doing, succeed in doing 主语、宾语（介词后）、表语、定语 ______ (read) books improves my vocabulary. （答案：Reading）‌ ‌现在分词‌ 1. ‌形式‌：v-ing 2. ‌功能‌：表主动/进行中的动作 3. ‌时态‌：一般式（doing）、完成式（having done） 定语、状语、表语、补足语 The boy ______ (run) in the park is my brother. （答案：running）‌ ‌过去分词‌ 1. ‌形式‌：v-ed/不规则变化 2. ‌功能‌：表被动/完成的动作或状态 3. ‌搭配‌：get excited, be interested in 定语、状语、补足语、表语 The window ______ (break) yesterday needs repair. （答案：broken）‌ 中考英语非谓语动词考查重难点 重难‌知识点‌ ‌考查形式‌ ‌典型例题‌ ‌解题策略‌ ‌基本形式辨析‌ 不定式 vs 动名词 vs 分词 He refused ______ (eat) vegetables.（答案：to eat） 固定搭配 refuse to do，强调拒绝具体动作，用不定式 ‌时态与语态判断‌ 分词完成式/被动式 The bridge ______ (build) last year is strong.（答案：built） 逻辑主语 bridge 与动作 build 为被动关系且已完成，用过去分词 ‌逻辑主语识别‌ 独立主格结构 Time ______ (permit), we’ll finish the task.（答案：permitting） 独立主格中，time 是动作 permit 的逻辑主语，表主动，用现在分词 ‌固定搭配应用‌ 动名词作介词宾语 She succeeded in ______ (win) the game.（答案：winning） 介词 in 后需接动名词，且 succeed in doing 为固定搭配 ‌隐含目的/结果判断‌ 不定式表目的 He ran fast ______ (catch) the bus.（答案：to catch） 动作链 ran→catch 隐含目的，用不定式 ‌易混结构辨析‌ 分词作定语 vs 分词作状语 ______ (face) difficulties, he never gives up.（答案：Facing） 逻辑主语 he 是动作 face 的发出者，表主动，用现在分词作状语 ‌长难句分析‌ 复杂的非谓语结构 The boy wants ______ (allow) to join the team.（答案：to be allowed） 动作 allow 的逻辑主语是 the boy，表被动请求，用不定式被动式 【易错专攻】 一、策略分析 1.判断非谓语成分‌ 若句子无连词且已有主句谓语，则空格处需填非谓语形式（不定式、动名词或分词）‌。 ‌【例句】______ (tell) many times, he still couldn’t understand. ‌【分析】主句已有谓语 couldn’t understand，空格处需非谓语。根据被动完成关系（“被告诉多次”），选 ‌Having been told‌‌。 2.‌判断逻辑主语‌ (1)‌定语‌：修饰名词：The boy ______ (run) in the park is my brother → 逻辑主语为 boy，填 ‌running‌‌ (2)‌状语‌：与主句主语一致：______ (smile), he walked in → 逻辑主语为 he，填 ‌Smiling (3)‌‌‌宾补‌：与宾语一致：I saw him ______ (run) → 逻辑主语为 him，填 ‌running‌‌ ‌分析语态与时态‌ (4)‌被动语态‌：若逻辑主语为动作承受者，用被动形式：The book ______ (write) by her is popular → 填 ‌written‌‌68 (5)‌完成时态‌：若动作先于主句发生，用完成式：He seems ______ (know) the truth → 填 ‌to have known‌‌45 3.区分‌固定搭配的功能‌ ‌不定式‌：表目的/将来：如want to do, decide to do‌ ‌动名词‌：表抽象/习惯：如enjoy doing, succeed in doing‌ ‌现在分词‌：主动/进行：如a sleeping baby‌ ‌过去分词‌：被动/完成：如a broken window‌68 ‌二、典例分析‌ 1.‌动词不定式类‌ ‌【例题】The teacher advised him ______ (not throw) rubbish out of the window. ‌【分析】固定搭配 advise sb. (not) to do，填 ‌not to throw‌‌46。 ‌【易错点】不定式作主语时需用 It is + adj. + to do 结构（【例句】It’s important ______ (protect) nature → 填 ‌to protect‌‌）。 2.‌动名词类‌ ‌【例题】Why did you stop him from ______ (join) the club? ‌【分析】介词 from 后接动名词，填 ‌joining‌‌26。 ‌【易错点】动名词作主语时谓语用单数（【例句】Reading books ______ (make) me relaxed → 填 ‌makes‌‌）。 3.‌分词作状语‌ ‌【例题】______ (see) the teacher, he smiled and waved. ‌【分析】逻辑主语为 he，主动关系，填 ‌Seeing‌‌。 ‌对比‌：______ (see) from space, the earth looks blue.（逻辑主语为 earth，被动关系，填 ‌Seen‌‌） ‌三、高频易错点‌ 1.‌主被动混淆‌ 误：The problem discussing now is important. 正：The problem being discussed now is important.（被动进行） 2.‌时态误判‌ 误：He pretended ______ (read) when I entered.（填 to read，表当时动作） 正：He pretended to be reading.（强调进行状态）‌ 3.‌逻辑主语不一致‌ 误：Walking in the park, a bird sang.（逻辑主语错误） 正：Walking in the park, I heard a bird sing.‌68。 （建议用时：40分钟） 单项选择 1．Which do you enjoy ________ the weekends, fishing or watching TV? A．spent B．spending C．spend D．to spend 2．You’re supposed ________ your room up before you go out. A．to clean B．clean C．cleaning D．to cleaning 3．—I prefer ________ some meaningful books rather than ________ with the cellphone. —Sounds great. I should learn from you. A．to read; to play B．read; play C．reading; to play D．to read; play 4．Later, developments in printing made it possible _________ books more quickly and cheaply. A．produce B．to produce C．produced D．producing 5．What a heavy rain! I prefer ________ rather than ________ on such a rainy day. A．to go out; staying at home B．staying at home; go out C．going out; stay at home D．to stay at home; go out 6．The workers were made ________ from morning to night in the past A．worked B．work C．of working D．to work 7．There are no ways she can come up ________ herself out. A．with to help B．to help C．with helping D．to helping 8．There are still many problems ________ before we are ready for a long stay on the moon. A．solving B．solved C．being solved D．to be solved 9．My friend Aron failed the math test. What should I do ________him. A．help B．helping C．to help D．helped 10．As a volunteer in the reading program, Mary hopes ________ the kids learn to read. A．helping B．help C．helps D．to help 11．— Clara, you have ______ Journey to the West for two weeks. — Sorry, I wanted to give it back but was made _________ Dazhou on business last week. A． borrowed; to leave B．kept; to leave C．kept; leave D．borrowed; leave 12．Our teacher always chooses classical songs she enjoys ________ us between classes. A．relax B．relaxing C．to relax D．to relaxing 13．— Do you prefer _______ basketball with me? — No, I'd rather _______ at home and watch TV because of my aching feet. A．play; stay B．to play; to stay C．play; to stay D．to play; stay 14．The oral English test is coming. What else should we pay attention to ________ our grades? A．to improve B．improving C．improve D．improved 15．Joining a summer camp is a great chance ________ free time with your friends. A．spend B．spending C．to spend D．to spending 16．— I didn’t hear you come in just now. — That’s great. I tried ________ the baby up. A．no waking B．don’t wake C．to not wake D．not to wake 17．He exercises every day ________ healthy. A．kept B．keeping C．keeps D．to keep 18．—You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.    —Well, now I regret ________ that. A．to do B．to be doing C．to have done D．having done 19．Would you mind_______ the time_______ watching drama series? A．controlled; spending B．controlled; spent C．controlling; spending D．controlling; spent 20．Tom’s decided to devote all he could ________ his English before going abroad. A．to improving B．have improved C．to improve D．improve 21．We must tell hunters wild animals. A．to continue hunting B．to stop to hunt C．don’t continue hunting D．not to continue hunting 22．My best friend told me that he wasn’t used to ______ by plane and he used to ______ uncomfortable. A．traveling; feel B．travel; feeling C．travel; feel D．travelling; feeling 23．---It is selfless ______ the doctor to devote all the time he had ________ for the patients. --I think so, they are so great. A．for; to care B．of; to care C．of; to caring D．for; to caring 24．---Why do you get up so early every day? --- . is good for our health. A．Exercise; Exercising B．To exercise; Exercising C．Exercising; Exercise D．Exercises; Exercise 25．When the students were playing games on the playground, Jim suddenly stopped ______ and began to cry, so we stopped ______ what was wrong with him. A．to play; seeing B．playing; to see C．playing; seeing D．to play; to see 26． He considered __________ the book, which was considered __________ a great help in his study. A．to buy; to be B．buying; being C．to buy; being D．buying; to be 27．You can never imagine what great difficulty I have ________ your house. A．found B．to find C．finding D．find 28．---All the teachers went on a trip to Hainan yesterday Mr. White. Why? ---Because he was too busy a new novel to travel. A．except; writing B．besides; writing C．except for; to write D．beside; to write 29．— It is kind the doctors to devote all the time he had to for the patients. — I think so, they are so great. A．for, care B．of, care C．of, caring D．for caring 30．The government’s subsidy policy ________ consumers to buy electric vehicles has boosted sales by 60%. A．encourages B．encouraging C．to encourage D．encouraged 31．It rained heavily in the south, ________ serious flooding in several provinces. A．caused B．having caused C．causing D．to cause 32．________ “the Dragon Year”, the name “Loong Year” increases our cultural confidence as Chinese. A．Compare with B．To compare with C．Compared with D．Comparing with 33．—Be quick! There is little time ________ before the film starts. —OK. Let’s go now. A．leaving B．to leave C．leaves D．left 34．Tom, your hair is too long. Would you please get your hair __________? A．cut B．to cut C．cutting D．cuts 35．Michael Jackson ________ as “King of Pop” was announced dead on June 25th, ________ the world. A．regarded, surprised B．who regarded, surprising C．regarded, surprising D．was regarded, surprising 36．—Dad, my computer doesn’t work.    —I will get it ________ tomorrow. A．repair B．to repair C．repaired D．repairing 37．I will show you the photos ________ in Beijing by the time they ________. A．taken; come out B．were taken; are come out C．were taken; will come out D．taken; are come out 38．I saw my computer teacher ________ a broken computer in his office at 7 p.m. yesterday. A．repair B．to repair C．repairing D．to repair 39．The twins spent the whole afternoon ________ the model plane. A．to make B．making C．made D．makes 40．He jumped into the water when he heard a boy ________ for help. A．call B．is calling C．calling D．to call 41．There is a car________ outside. A．waiting B．wait C．to wait D．to waiting 42．To protect endangered elephants, government should make rules to prevent people from buying  and selling things___________ of ivory（象牙）. A．make. B．are made C．be made D．made 43．The little girl was found ______ in her bedroom after she had an argument(争论) with her best friend. A．crying B．to cry C．being crying D．cried 44．—I have a letter ________ but I’m too busy. —Why not have it _______? A．to post; post B．posted; post C．to post; posted D．posted, to post 45．It’s 8:00 p.m. now. There must be lots of old people _________ in the square.     A．dance B．dancing C．are dancing D．danced / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重难点03 非谓语动词 中考英语近年有关非谓语动词的考查情况分析 考查点‌ ‌常见题型‌ ‌典型例题‌ ‌考查分析‌ 命题趋势 ‌不定式作宾语/宾补‌ 单项选择、完形填空 He decided ______ (join) the club.（答案：to join）‌ 侧重基础用法，结合生活场景（如校园活动、志愿服务）设计语境‌ ‌语境化考查为主：‌非谓语动词题目不再依赖显性提示词（如 to/in order to），而是通过上下文逻辑暗示正确形式。例如，完形填空中通过动作链（如 argued→decided to listen）判断不定式目的。 ‌融合育人主题：‌试题选材常结合“五育并举”导向，例如用动名词描述劳动教育（volunteering at a nursing home）或美育活动（painting the wall）‌。 ‌强调综合运用能力：‌书面表达中要求学生灵活使用非谓语结构（如 I enjoy helping others, which makes me happy），体现语言表达的逻辑性和丰富性‌。 ‌拔高题难度稳定‌：独立主格、复杂分词结构仍集中于阅读D篇或完形填空后两题，需结合长难句拆分和逻辑连词（如 with/without）解题‌。 ‌动名词作主语/介词宾语‌ 单项选择、阅读表达 ______ (read) books helps improve vocabulary.（答案：Reading）‌ 通过具体行为（如阅读、运动）强调动名词的抽象意义，体现“五育融合”导向‌ ‌分词作状语/定语‌ 完形填空、阅读表达 The girl ______ (sit) by the window is my sister.（答案：sitting）‌ 强化语境逻辑，常与情感描写结合（如“panicking students”烘托紧张氛围）‌ ‌不定式表目的/结果‌ 单项选择、书面表达 She worked hard ______ (win) the competition.（答案：to win）‌1 注重因果逻辑，常与成长主题（如克服困难、实现目标）关联‌ ‌分词独立主格结构‌ 完形填空、阅读理解 Weather ______ (permit), we’ll go hiking.（答案：permitting）‌ 难度较高，多出现在拔高题（如阅读D篇），考查长难句分析能力‌ 【情境解读】 【重难诠释】 中考英语非谓语动词主要知识点 ‌非谓语类型‌ ‌核心知识点‌ ‌句法功能‌ ‌典型例题‌ ‌动词不定式‌ 1. ‌形式‌：to do（主动） / to be done（被动） 2. ‌时态‌：一般式（表目的/将来）、完成式（to have done） 3. ‌固定搭配‌：decide to do, refuse to do 主语、宾语、宾补、状语、定语、表语 He hopes ______ (become) a scientist. （答案：to become）‌ ‌动名词‌ 1. ‌形式‌：v-ing 2. ‌功能‌：表抽象、习惯性动作 3. ‌固定搭配‌：enjoy doing, succeed in doing 主语、宾语（介词后）、表语、定语 ______ (read) books improves my vocabulary. （答案：Reading）‌ ‌现在分词‌ 1. ‌形式‌：v-ing 2. ‌功能‌：表主动/进行中的动作 3. ‌时态‌：一般式（doing）、完成式（having done） 定语、状语、表语、补足语 The boy ______ (run) in the park is my brother. （答案：running）‌ ‌过去分词‌ 1. ‌形式‌：v-ed/不规则变化 2. ‌功能‌：表被动/完成的动作或状态 3. ‌搭配‌：get excited, be interested in 定语、状语、补足语、表语 The window ______ (break) yesterday needs repair. （答案：broken）‌ 中考英语非谓语动词考查重难点 重难‌知识点‌ ‌考查形式‌ ‌典型例题‌ ‌解题策略‌ ‌基本形式辨析‌ 不定式 vs 动名词 vs 分词 He refused ______ (eat) vegetables.（答案：to eat） 固定搭配 refuse to do，强调拒绝具体动作，用不定式 ‌时态与语态判断‌ 分词完成式/被动式 The bridge ______ (build) last year is strong.（答案：built） 逻辑主语 bridge 与动作 build 为被动关系且已完成，用过去分词 ‌逻辑主语识别‌ 独立主格结构 Time ______ (permit), we’ll finish the task.（答案：permitting） 独立主格中，time 是动作 permit 的逻辑主语，表主动，用现在分词 ‌固定搭配应用‌ 动名词作介词宾语 She succeeded in ______ (win) the game.（答案：winning） 介词 in 后需接动名词，且 succeed in doing 为固定搭配 ‌隐含目的/结果判断‌ 不定式表目的 He ran fast ______ (catch) the bus.（答案：to catch） 动作链 ran→catch 隐含目的，用不定式 ‌易混结构辨析‌ 分词作定语 vs 分词作状语 ______ (face) difficulties, he never gives up.（答案：Facing） 逻辑主语 he 是动作 face 的发出者，表主动，用现在分词作状语 ‌长难句分析‌ 复杂的非谓语结构 The boy wants ______ (allow) to join the team.（答案：to be allowed） 动作 allow 的逻辑主语是 the boy，表被动请求，用不定式被动式 【易错专攻】 一、策略分析 1.判断非谓语成分‌ 若句子无连词且已有主句谓语，则空格处需填非谓语形式（不定式、动名词或分词）‌。 ‌【例句】______ (tell) many times, he still couldn’t understand. ‌【分析】主句已有谓语 couldn’t understand，空格处需非谓语。根据被动完成关系（“被告诉多次”），选 ‌Having been told‌‌。 2.‌判断逻辑主语‌ (1)‌定语‌：修饰名词：The boy ______ (run) in the park is my brother → 逻辑主语为 boy，填 ‌running‌‌ (2)‌状语‌：与主句主语一致：______ (smile), he walked in → 逻辑主语为 he，填 ‌Smiling (3)‌‌‌宾补‌：与宾语一致：I saw him ______ (run) → 逻辑主语为 him，填 ‌running‌‌ ‌分析语态与时态‌ (4)‌被动语态‌：若逻辑主语为动作承受者，用被动形式：The book ______ (write) by her is popular → 填 ‌written‌‌68 (5)‌完成时态‌：若动作先于主句发生，用完成式：He seems ______ (know) the truth → 填 ‌to have known‌‌45 3.区分‌固定搭配的功能‌ ‌不定式‌：表目的/将来：如want to do, decide to do‌ ‌动名词‌：表抽象/习惯：如enjoy doing, succeed in doing‌ ‌现在分词‌：主动/进行：如a sleeping baby‌ ‌过去分词‌：被动/完成：如a broken window‌68 ‌二、典例分析‌ 1.‌动词不定式类‌ ‌【例题】The teacher advised him ______ (not throw) rubbish out of the window. ‌【分析】固定搭配 advise sb. (not) to do，填 ‌not to throw‌‌46。 ‌【易错点】不定式作主语时需用 It is + adj. + to do 结构（【例句】It’s important ______ (protect) nature → 填 ‌to protect‌‌）。 2.‌动名词类‌ ‌【例题】Why did you stop him from ______ (join) the club? ‌【分析】介词 from 后接动名词，填 ‌joining‌‌26。 ‌【易错点】动名词作主语时谓语用单数（【例句】Reading books ______ (make) me relaxed → 填 ‌makes‌‌）。 3.‌分词作状语‌ ‌【例题】______ (see) the teacher, he smiled and waved. ‌【分析】逻辑主语为 he，主动关系，填 ‌Seeing‌‌。 ‌对比‌：______ (see) from space, the earth looks blue.（逻辑主语为 earth，被动关系，填 ‌Seen‌‌） ‌三、高频易错点‌ 1.‌主被动混淆‌ 误：The problem discussing now is important. 正：The problem being discussed now is important.（被动进行） 2.‌时态误判‌ 误：He pretended ______ (read) when I entered.（填 to read，表当时动作） 正：He pretended to be reading.（强调进行状态）‌ 3.‌逻辑主语不一致‌ 误：Walking in the park, a bird sang.（逻辑主语错误） 正：Walking in the park, I heard a bird sing.‌68。 （建议用时：40分钟） 单项选择 1．Which do you enjoy ________ the weekends, fishing or watching TV? A．spent B．spending C．spend D．to spend 【答案】D 【解析】句意：周末你喜欢钓鱼还是看电视？ 考查非谓语动词。spent过去分词；spending现在分词；spend原形；to spend动词不定式。根据“Which do you enjoy …the weekends, fishing or watching TV ?”可知，此处为固定用法“Which do you prefer/like/enjoy to do”，表示“选择做某事”，应用动词不定式表示目的。故选D。 2．You’re supposed ________ your room up before you go out. A．to clean B．clean C．cleaning D．to cleaning 【答案】A 【解析】句意：你应该在出去之前把房间打扫干净。 考查非谓语动词。be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事。此处需用动词不定式作主补。 故选A。 3．—I prefer ________ some meaningful books rather than ________ with the cellphone. —Sounds great. I should learn from you. A．to read; to play B．read; play C．reading; to play D．to read; play 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——比起玩手机，我更喜欢读一些有意义的书。  ——听起来不错。我应该向你学习。 考查非谓语动词。此处考查prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事。因此第一个空用动词不定式，排除B/C；第二个空用动词原形。故选D。 4．Later, developments in printing made it possible _________ books more quickly and cheaply. A．produce B．to produce C．produced D．producing 【答案】B 【解析】句意：之后，印刷的发展使快速而便宜的生产书变成可能。 考查非谓语动词。make it adj to do sth表示“使做某事变为……”，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式。故选B。 5．What a heavy rain! I prefer ________ rather than ________ on such a rainy day. A．to go out; staying at home B．staying at home; go out C．going out; stay at home D．to stay at home; go out 【答案】D 【解析】句意：多大的雨啊！在这样的一个雨天我宁愿待在家也不愿出去。 考查固定搭配。(to) go out外出，动词不定式，going out是动名词结构；(to) stay at home待在家，动词不定式，staying at home是动名词结构。本句prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.是固定结构，rather than后面跟省略to的不定式，表示“宁愿做某事，也不（愿意）做某事”，故排除 B和D。根据句意下雨天应该是愿意待在家里，故应选D。 6．The workers were made ________ from morning to night in the past A．worked B．work C．of working D．to work 【答案】D 【解析】句意：过去工人们被迫从早到晚工作。 考查动词短语。此句是短语make sb. do sth.的被动语态。make sb. do sth.使/让/叫某人做某事，在主动语态里面，只能使用省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，改为被动语态时，省略的to要还原，即sb. +be +made to do sth.；故选D。 7．There are no ways she can come up ________ herself out. A．with to help B．to help C．with helping D．to helping 【答案】A 【解析】句意：她想不出办法来帮助自己脱离困境。 考查动词短语和非谓语动词。come up with想出，是一个固定短语；根据句意可知第二空是指“想不出办法来帮助她脱离困境”，所以应用to help动词不定式作目的状语。故选A。 8．There are still many problems ________ before we are ready for a long stay on the moon. A．solving B．solved C．being solved D．to be solved 【答案】D 【解析】句意：在我们准备在月球上长时间停留之前，还有许多问题需要解决。 考查动词不定式的被动式。此处there be 后接表示物的主语，故用动词不定式做定语；且solve与problems 之间是被动关系，因此应该用被动语态。故选D。 9．My friend Aron failed the math test. What should I do ________him. A．help B．helping C．to help D．helped 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我的朋友阿伦数学考试不及格。我该做什么才能帮助他。 考查动词不定式。help动词原形；helping动名词；to help动词不定式；helped过去式。根据“My friend Aron failed the math test.”判断，我该做什么才能帮助他。此处用动词不定式做目的状语。故选C。 10．As a volunteer in the reading program, Mary hopes ________ the kids learn to read. A．helping B．help C．helps D．to help 【答案】D 【解析】句意：作为阅读计划的志愿者，玛丽希望帮助孩子们学习阅读。 考查动词不定式。helping动名词/现在分词形式；help动词原形；helps三单；to help动词不定式。此处是hope to do sth. 希望去做某事；故选D。 11．— Clara, you have ______ Journey to the West for two weeks. — Sorry, I wanted to give it back but was made _________ Dazhou on business last week. A． borrowed; to leave B．kept; to leave C．kept; leave D．borrowed; leave 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——克拉拉，《西游记》这本书你已经借了两个星期了。——对不起，我想把它还给你，但上周我被迫离开达州去出差了 。 考查动词辨析和非谓语动词。borrow借入，瞬间性动作，keep保存，保留，持续性动作。由时间段for two weeks“两周”，可知用持续性动词，keep的过去分词为kept，故排除A和D。动词短语make sb. do sth.接不带to的不定式做宾补，变为被动语态是要加上to，即be made to do，所以第二个空用to leave，故选B。 12．Our teacher always chooses classical songs she enjoys ________ us between classes. A．relax B．relaxing C．to relax D．to relaxing 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我们的老师总是选择她喜欢的古典歌曲让我们在课间放松。 考查非谓语动词。relax放松，relaxing是动名词形式；to relax是不定式结构；to relaxing是错误表达。本句用不定式表目的，即“老师选择古典歌曲是为了让我们在课间放松”；根据句意结构，可知选C。 13．— Do you prefer _______ basketball with me? — No, I'd rather _______ at home and watch TV because of my aching feet. A．play; stay B．to play; to stay C．play; to stay D．to play; stay 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你愿意和我打篮球吗？   ——不，我宁愿呆在家里看电视因为我的脚疼。 考查非谓语动词。根据第一个空格前面的词语是prefer，因此可知第一句话考查的是prefer的用法，prefer经常用于结构“prefer to do sth.”意思是“愿意做某事”；又根据第二个空前面的词语是would rather，因此可知第二个句子考查的是“would rather”，意思是“宁愿，宁可”后面跟动词原形，所以整个句子的意思是“——你愿意和我打篮球吗？   ——不，我宁愿呆在家里看电视。因为我的脚疼。”综上所述，故选D。 14．The oral English test is coming. What else should we pay attention to ________ our grades? A．to improve B．improving C．improve D．improved 【答案】A 【解析】句意：口语考试就要来了，我们还需要注意什么来提高我们的分数？ 考查不定式用法。to improve去提高，不定式；improving提高，现在分词/动名词；improve提高，原形；improved提高，过去式。pay attention to注意，此词组的宾语是what else，此句在此处已经完整了，之后再连接不定式表示目的。故选A。 15．Joining a summer camp is a great chance ________ free time with your friends. A．spend B．spending C．to spend D．to spending 【答案】C 【解析】句意：参加夏令营是一个与朋友共度闲暇时光的好机会。 考查非谓语动词的用法。spend动词原形；spending现在分词形式或动名词形式；to spend不定式形式；to spending错误用法。“和朋友共度闲暇时光”在句中作后置定语，修饰前面的名词chance，因此要用动词不定式。故选C。 16．— I didn’t hear you come in just now. — That’s great. I tried ________ the baby up. A．no waking B．don’t wake C．to not wake D．not to wake 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——我刚才没听见你进来。   ——那很好。我尽量不把孩子吵醒。 考查非谓语动词。try not to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“尽量不做某事”，符合句意，故选D。 17．He exercises every day ________ healthy. A．kept B．keeping C．keeps D．to keep 【答案】D 【解析】句意：他每天做运动以便保持健康。 考查不定式作状语。根据句意可知，他每天做运动的目的是为了保持健康。空格处应填入to引导的不定式短语作目的状语，故选D。 18．—You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.    —Well, now I regret ________ that. A．to do B．to be doing C．to have done D．having done 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你很勇敢，在会上提出了反对意见。——现在我后悔这么做了。 考查动词时态。根据“You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.”可知，表示对已发生的事感到后悔，应该接动名词，且强调动作在“后悔”前已完成，用having done，故选D。 19．Would you mind_______ the time_______ watching drama series? A．controlled; spending B．controlled; spent C．controlling; spending D．controlling; spent 【答案】D 【解析】句意：你介意控制花费在看电视上的时间吗？ 考查非谓语动词。mind doing sth. “介意做某事”，第一空用controlling，排除A/B选项；第二空位于“the time”之后，用过去分词表示被动关系，作后置定语。故选D。 20．Tom’s decided to devote all he could ________ his English before going abroad. A．to improving B．have improved C．to improve D．improve 【答案】A 【解析】试题分析：句意：汤姆决定在出国前专注于他所有的时间来提高他的英语。Devote vt.把……奉献（给），把……专用（于）; 奉献; devote sth to (doing) sth 把时间(钱，精力等)献给某事物。所以选A。 考点：考查非谓语动词。 21．We must tell hunters wild animals. A．to continue hunting B．to stop to hunt C．don’t continue hunting D．not to continue hunting 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我们必须告诉猎人不要再继续猎取野生动物了。 考查非谓语动词用法。tell sb. not to do sth.告诉某人不要做某事；continue doing sth.断续做某事。由句意可知，要保护野生动物，故选 D。 22．My best friend told me that he wasn’t used to ______ by plane and he used to ______ uncomfortable. A．traveling; feel B．travel; feeling C．travel; feel D．travelling; feeling 【答案】A 【解析】试题分析：句意为：我的好朋友告诉我他不习惯坐飞机，并且常常旅途不舒服。used to do：表示过去常常做某事， be used to doing表示习惯于做某事。根据语境可知应选A。 考点：考查非谓语动词。 23．---It is selfless ______ the doctor to devote all the time he had ________ for the patients. --I think so, they are so great. A．for; to care B．of; to care C．of; to caring D．for; to caring 【答案】C 【解析】试题分析：句意：医生奉献了所有的时间照顾这些病人，真的是无私。我觉得是的，他们好伟大。It is +adj+for sb +to do sth 对某人来说，做某事是…，本句型中形容词为物性的时候，介词用for，形容词如果是人性的，介词用of，第二空中he had 构成定语从句修饰前面的the time，构成devote sth to doing sth致力于做某事，故选C 考点：介词 24．---Why do you get up so early every day? --- . is good for our health. A．Exercise; Exercising B．To exercise; Exercising C．Exercising; Exercise D．Exercises; Exercise 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：句意：-为什么你每天起床那么早？--为了锻炼。锻炼对我们的健康有好处。动词不定式表示目的。动名词做主语，故选B。 25．When the students were playing games on the playground, Jim suddenly stopped ______ and began to cry, so we stopped ______ what was wrong with him. A．to play; seeing B．playing; to see C．playing; seeing D．to play; to see 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：句意：当学生们在操场上玩游戏的时候，吉姆突然停止玩，开始哭，因此我们停下来去看他发生什么事了。Stop to do停下来去做另一件某事；Stop doing sth 表示停止正在做的事；根据句意，故选B。 26． He considered __________ the book, which was considered __________ a great help in his study. A．to buy; to be B．buying; being C．to buy; being D．buying; to be 【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：句意：他考虑买一本书，那本书被认为在他的学习方面有巨大的帮助。consider doing sth，考虑做某事。consider+名词+to be认为……，视为……，第二个句子是被动结构，be considerto be…故选D。 27．You can never imagine what great difficulty I have ________ your house. A．found B．to find C．finding D．find 【答案】C 【解析】句意：你可能想像不到，我为了找到你的家，有多么大的困难。 考查非谓语动词。have difficulty (in) doing sth做某事有困难。故选C。 28．---All the teachers went on a trip to Hainan yesterday Mr. White. Why? ---Because he was too busy a new novel to travel. A．except; writing B．besides; writing C．except for; to write D．beside; to write 【答案】A 【解析】试题分析：except是“除…之外，都”而besides是“除…之外，还有”。根据题干，本句的意思是“除了怀特先生之外，所有的老师昨天都去海南旅行了。”故用except，排除BD；根据busy后面跟doing的用法，排除C。所以本题选A。 29．— It is kind the doctors to devote all the time he had to for the patients. — I think so, they are so great. A．for, care B．of, care C．of, caring D．for caring 【答案】C 【解析】It is adj of sb to do sth ，表示对于某人进行评价。同时devote …to doing sth，故选C 30．The government’s subsidy policy ________ consumers to buy electric vehicles has boosted sales by 60%. A．encourages B．encouraging C．to encourage D．encouraged 【答案】B 【解析】句意：政府的补贴政策鼓励消费者购买电动汽车，使销量增长了60%。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个非谓语动词来修饰policy，表示政策的目的或功能。主语The government’s subsidy policy与动词encourage是主动关系，用动词的现在分词形式，即encouraging作后置定语。故选B。 31．It rained heavily in the south, ________ serious flooding in several provinces. A．caused B．having caused C．causing D．to cause 【答案】C 【解析】句意：它在南部大雨，在几个省份造成严重洪水。 考查非谓语动词。caused过去分词；having caused现在分词的完成式；causing现在分词；to cause动词不定式。根据“It rained heavily in the south, …serious flooding in several provinces.”可知，此处表示大雨后造成的洪水，是自然而然的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语。故选C。 32．________ “the Dragon Year”, the name “Loong Year” increases our cultural confidence as Chinese. A．Compare with B．To compare with C．Compared with D．Comparing with 【答案】C 【解析】句意：与“the Dragon Year”相比，“Loong Year”这个名字增加了我们作为中国人的文化自信。 考查非谓语。分析句子可知，“the Dragon Year”是被比较对象，这里应用过去分词作状语。故选C。 33．—Be quick! There is little time ________ before the film starts. —OK. Let’s go now. A．leaving B．to leave C．leaves D．left 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——快！电影开始前剩下的时间不多了。——好的。我们现在就走吧。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子，空格处应用动词的过去分词形式作后置定语，表示已经完成的动作与被修饰词之间构成被动关系，left 意为 “剩下的” 。故选D。 34．Tom, your hair is too long. Would you please get your hair __________? A．cut B．to cut C．cutting D．cuts 【答案】A 【解析】句意：汤姆，你的头发太长了。请你把头发剪一下好吗？ 考查非谓语动词。句中有谓语动词，your hair和cut之间是被动关系，故此处用过去分词，构成get sth. done“使某物被做”的结构。故选A。 35．Michael Jackson ________ as “King of Pop” was announced dead on June 25th, ________ the world. A．regarded, surprised B．who regarded, surprising C．regarded, surprising D．was regarded, surprising 【答案】C 【解析】句意：被视为“流行之王”的迈克尔杰克逊，在六月二十五日，被宣布死亡，全世界震惊了。 考查非谓语动词。第一空，表达的是“被认为……”，句中已经有“was announced”谓语动词，所以这里应该用regarded过去分词做定语，相当于定语从句who was regarded as...；第二空，表达结果是“震惊了全世界”，表主动，这里作结果状语，应该用现在分词，故选C。 36．—Dad, my computer doesn’t work.    —I will get it ________ tomorrow. A．repair B．to repair C．repaired D．repairing 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——爸爸，电脑不工作了。——我明天修理一下它。 考查非谓语动词。it指代前文提到的computer，与repair构成被动关系，所以此处用get sth done表示“某物被……”，故选C。 37．I will show you the photos ________ in Beijing by the time they ________. A．taken; come out B．were taken; are come out C．were taken; will come out D．taken; are come out 【答案】A 【解析】句意：等在北京拍的照片出来的时候我会给你看的。 考查动词非谓语形式和被动语态。根据“will show”可知，will show是谓语动词，故第一空用非谓语形式，photos与take之间是动宾关系，用过去分词taken表示被动含义，排除选项B和C。结合语境可知，they指代the photos，come out“出版、（照片）打印”，无被动语态，且“by the time they ...”是从句，用一般现在时，故第二空用come out。故选A。 38．I saw my computer teacher ________ a broken computer in his office at 7 p.m. yesterday. A．repair B．to repair C．repairing D．to repair 【答案】C 【解析】句意：昨天晚上7点，我看到我的计算机老师在他的办公室里修理一台坏电脑。 考查非谓语动词。see sb. do sth. 表示“看见某人做了某事”，强调看见事情发生的全过程；see sb. doing sth. 表示 “看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行。句中时间点“at 7 p.m. yesterday”表明在这个特定时间点，老师 “修理电脑” 的动作正在进行，所以用see sb. doing sth. 的结构，故选C。 39．The twins spent the whole afternoon ________ the model plane. A．to make B．making C．made D．makes 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这对双胞胎花了整个下午的时间制作模型飞机。 考查非谓语动词。spend time doing sth“花时间做某事”，现在分词作宾语补足语。故选B。 40．He jumped into the water when he heard a boy ________ for help. A．call B．is calling C．calling D．to call 【答案】C 【解析】句意：当他听到一个男孩呼救时，他跳入了水中。 考查非谓语动词。根据“He jumped into the water when he heard a boy...for help”可知，此处是hear sb. doing sth.意为“听见某人正在做某事”，表示他听见一个男孩正在呼救，所以空格处应填calling。故选C。 41．There is a car________ outside. A．waiting B．wait C．to wait D．to waiting 【答案】A 【解析】句意：有一部车在外面等着。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，句中is为谓语动词，而空处应为非谓语动词；there be...doing...“某地有某人正在做某事”。故选A。 42．To protect endangered elephants, government should make rules to prevent people from buying  and selling things___________ of ivory（象牙）. A．make. B．are made C．be made D．made 【答案】D 【解析】句意：为了保护濒临危险的大象，政府应该制定政策去防止人们去买卖一些象牙制品。过去分词短语作定语时,通常放在被修饰的名词之后,它的作用相当于一个定语从句，它表达的是一种动作或是存在的状态，用来修饰名词或代名词。made of ivory=which are made of ivory，修饰前面名词things。故选D。 43．The little girl was found ______ in her bedroom after she had an argument(争论) with her best friend. A．crying B．to cry C．being crying D．cried 【答案】A 【解析】句意：那个小女孩和最好的朋友争论之后，她被发现在卧室里哭。find sb doing sth发现某人正在做某事，其被动形式为be found doing sth；find sb do sth发现某人做了某事，其被动形式为be found to do sth；结合句意，她和朋友争论之后，她被发现正在哭，故用crying。故选A。 44．—I have a letter ________ but I’m too busy. —Why not have it _______? A．to post; post B．posted; post C．to post; posted D．posted, to post 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——我有一封信要寄，但是我太忙了。——为什么不找人邮寄呢？ 考查非谓语动词。have sth. to do有某事要做，不定式作宾补；have sth. done要 (某人) 做某事，过去分词作宾补。根据“I have a letter…”可知，第一个空说的是有信要寄，用to post；再由“Why not have it…”可知，第二个空说的是找人邮寄，应该用动词过去分词形式posted。故选C。 45．It’s 8:00 p.m. now. There must be lots of old people _________ in the square.     A．dance B．dancing C．are dancing D．danced 【答案】B 【解析】句意：现在是晚上8点。在广场上一定有很多老人在跳舞。 考查非谓语。根据“It’s 8:00 p.m. now. There must be lots of old people…in the square.”可知，此处应是介绍在晚上8点这个时刻，广场上的人正在做的事情，应用现在分词dancing作定语修饰old people。故选B。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$