Unit 1 Section Ⅲ Using Language-【一线调研】2024-2025学年高中英语同步讲练测选择性必修第一册（人教版）

UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT 2The meeting has been cancelled due to circumstances on talking about the crucial problem,which is beyond our control. difficult to cope with. 由于我们无法控制的情况，会议取消了。 3While I haven't achieved my initial objective,I 【写美】完成句子/句式升级 will under no circumstances acknowledge defeat. ① (在这种情况下)，it -While I haven't achieved my initial objective, seemed better not to tell him about the accident. (改为倒装句) ② (如果情况允许)，I will go SectionⅢ Using Language 品读课文·学技巧 Step1品教材课文 THE MAN WHO CHANGED OUR patent office.[3]While working there,out of a UNDERSTANDING OF THE UNIVERSE strong passion for knowledge,he continued to Albert Einstein,who is perhaps the greatest study,earning a doctorate in physics in 1905. scientist in modern physics,is often considered That same year,which was later recorded as a one of the smartest men who ever lived.He made miracle year in science,he published four numerous contributions to the world,[1]the most extraordinary physics papers.Following this,he well-known being the general theory of relativity gradually became famous throughout the world as and the famous formula E-mc2Einstein was not the new Isaac Newton.After four years,he was only a genius;he was a courageous and kind figure able to quit his job at the patent office and enter loved by many people. research full-time at a university.In 1922,he was [1]本句为独立主格结构。指出在Albert awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics for his Einstein的众多贡献中，广义相对论和公式E explanation of the photoelectric effect. mc3最有名气8 [3j本句是一个含有while的省略句。在该 This gentle genius was born in Germany on 句中副词短语out of a strong passion for 14 March 1879.When he was 16,he tried to enter knowledge作原因状语，动词-ing短语earning a university in Switzerland,but failed due to his low doctorate..作结果状语。 scores in the general part of the entrance exam, Circumstances changed in 1933,when Hitler despite obtaining exceptional scores in maths and came to power in Germany.Einstein,who was physics.[2]After studying for another year,he Jewish,found the doors of academic institutions managed to pass the exam,entering university in closed to him.As a consequence,he had to flee 1896 and graduating in 1900. Germany.After spending time in Europe,he [2们本句是一个高级的简单句。介词after后 finally took up a position as a researcher at the 接动词-ing短语作宾语，两个动词-ing短语 Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton,USA. entering.和graduating..作结果状语。 Following that,he continued to make great After two years of looking for work as a achievements in physics and mathematics. teacher,Einstein took a job as a clerk in the Swiss To the public,he was seen as a slightly odd- ·13· 高中同步讲练测·一线调研「英语·选择性必修第一册 looking but kind and funny man.[4]He had a thick on the street who would stop him and ask him to help moustache and long white hair,which sometimes stood explain things.After many such occasions,he finally on end as though he had just received an electric shock. started saying,“Pardon me！Sorry！Always I am Although he was a genius,he sometimes forgot things, mistaken for Professor Einstein!" like his friends'birthdays.But despite his peculiarities, [4本句是一个复合句。which引导非限制 he was loved by his friends and neighbours.There is 性定语从句，as though引导方式状语从句。 even a story about how he helped a little girl who On 18 April 1955,it was reported that knocked on his door and asked for help with her Einstein had passed away,and the whole world homework.In fact,Einstein often encountered people mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist. 速读语篇·知文意 1.In which aspect did Albert Einstein make great to the word“numerous'”in Paragraph 1? achievements? A.Very large. B.Rather great. A.Music.B.Medicine.C.Physics.D.Chemistry. C.Amounts of. D.Splendid. 2.We can infer from the passage that 4.What is the purpose of the author in writing this A.Einstein was a genius as well as an indifferent passage? figure A.To introduce Einstein's contributions to the B.Einstein did well in the entrance exam for the world. first time B.To introduce Einstein's winding life in Germany. C.Einstein used to work as a clerk in the USA C.To show that Einstein is a genius in physics and D.Einstein didn't care about his appearance or being maths. famous D.To let the world know all about Einstein by 3.Which of the following has the similar meaning his life and achievements. Step 2 析写作手法 Paragraph 1:The contributions and the personal 作经历。 qualities of Albert Einstein 文中使用了类比的修辞方式，将Albert 文中使用了两个定语从句，详尽地说明了Albert Einstein比作Isaac Newton. Einstein的贡献；使用了三处最高级the greatest scientist Paragraph 4:The turbulent mid-life in modern physics,the smartest men the most well- 该段介绍了二战时期Albert Einstein的逃离 known来说明Albert Einstein的卓越之处。 路线：德国→欧洲→美国。 另外，名词前面修饰语的使用也突出了主题 文中使用了暗喻的修辞手法，如the doors of 表达，如numerous,courageous and kind等。 academic institutions closed to him. Paragraph 2:The early life and education Paragraph 5:His odd looks,three anecdotes(forgetfulness, 该段按时间顺序介绍了Albert Einstein的早 love,humour) 期生平及教育。 该段使用了一系列的形容词，如odd-looking, Paragraph 3:His work experience thick,long等，描写了Einstein的外貌；使用了明 该段按时间顺序介绍了Albert Einstein的工喻，如as though he had just received an electric shock ·14· UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT 的修辞手法：作者还运用了一个重要的写作手法， Paragraph 6:His death 即用具体的事迹来体现人物品格，打动读者，该段 该段点明Einstein的去世对世界的影响；使用 的小故事能让读者充分感受到爱因斯坦睿智、幽默、 pass away委婉地表达了“去世”。 和蔼可亲的性格特点。 Step 3 背出彩佳句 一、开门见山，介绍人物的一些基本信息 called on ordinary people,tasted different kinds of 1.Known as a famous medical scientist in the Ming herbs and even did experiments by himself. Dynasty,Li Shizhen was born in 1518 为了完成这项任务，他遍游名山大川，走访老百 李时珍生于1518年，是明代一位著名的医学家。 姓，品尝各种药草，甚至亲自做试验。 2.Having a gift for writing,he made up his mind 4.He got an award in 1998 for having played an to become a writer when he grew up. important part in scientific research. 他有写作的天赋，并下决心长大后成为一名作家。 由于在科学研究中发挥了重要作用，他于1998 3.Born on 10 December 1960,Lang Ping is generally 年获奖。 acknowledged to be a remarkable volleyball coach. 5.After graduating from Xi'an Jiaotong University,he 郎平出生于1960年12月10日，是一位人们公 received a doctor's degree in computer science. 认的杰出的排球教练。 从西安交通大学毕业后，他获得了计算机科学 二、成长经历及取得的成就 博士学位。 1.Madame Curie made great contributions to the 三、总结概括人物形象 development of science,which paved the way 1.Such is Zhong Nanshan,a simple man who has for further research. made great achievements in the field of medicine. 居里夫人对科学的发展作出了巨大的贡献，这 这就是钟南山，一个在医学领域取得巨大成就 为进一步的研究铺平了道路。 的普通人。 2.She devoted her whole life to scientific research 2.His story tells us that we should value what we have and her scientific findings benefited the people and try our best to overcome any difficulty in life. all over the world. 他的故事告诉我们，我们应该珍惜我们所拥有的， 她毕生致力于科学研究，她的科学成果造福了 并尽我们最大的努力去克服生活中的任何困难。 全世界的人民。 3.She will live in the hearts of the people forever. 3.In order to finish the task,he visited mountains, 她将永远活在人民的心中。 写作演练·秀美文 题目要求 3.克服了美国政府的百般阻挠，于1955年回到祖国； 4.自1958年起长期担任航空航天研究工作，为新 请根据以下内容写一篇短文介绍中国科学家 钱学森。 中国的航天事业作出巨大贡献，被誉为“中国航 天之父”； 1.1911年出生于上海，1935年赴美留学，成绩优 5.2009年于北京去世。 异，受到当时的著名科学家冯·卡门(Von Karman)的赞誉； 参考词汇：航空航天科学技术aerospace science and technology 2.1939年在美国获航空、数学博士学位； ·15· 高中同步讲练测·一线调研英语·选择性必修第一册 弘写作步骤 He though the 一、合理布局，精心谋篇 American government tried to stop him. ⑤1958年以来，他致力于航空航天科学技术， 明确体裁、话题 记叙文：人物介绍 为新中国的航天事业作出巨大贡献。 确定时态、人称 一般过去时：第三人称 Since 1958 he aerospace 第一段：简要介绍钱学森的地位和贡献： 布局谋篇、确定 第二段：详细介绍饯学森的经历、事迹和成就： science and technology and 框架 第三段：对钱学森的评价 China's aerospace. 1.钱学森的概况及经历： ⑥2009年他在北京去世。 列出核心要点 2.钱学森的主要成就及人们对他的评价 In 2009,he 二、遣词造句，规范得体 3.运用情感词汇(the love for,great achievements, 1.用定语从句简要介绍钱学森的地位和贡献。 respect,admiration)及汉语提示完成对钱学森 被誉为“中国航天之父”的钱学森，为中国作出 的评价。 了巨大贡献。 由于对祖国的热爱和伟大的成就，他得到了人 Qian Xuesen, the father of China's 民的尊敬和饮佩。 space programme, 2.按时间顺序，根据所给提示，依次列举钱学森的 经历。 三、恰当衔接，自然过渡 ①钱学森1911年出生于上海。 用并列连词连接句⑤和句⑥ Qian Xuesen ②1935年钱学森赴美留学，成绩优异，受到 冯·卡门的赞誉。 In 1935,Qian 四、认真誊写，赏心悦目 by Von Karman because of his excellent grades. ③1939年，他在美国获航空、数学博士学位。 in aerospace science and mathematics in the US in aerospace science and mathematics in the US.(用拟人手法升级句子： 时间名词+see十其他) ④他克服了美国政府的百般阻挠，于1955年回 到祖国。 重难点知识·要突破 重点词汇详解 1 passion n.酷爱；激情 【教材原句】While working there,out of a strong passion for knowledge,he continued to study,earning a doctorate in physics in1905.工作期间，出于强烈的求知欲，他仍继续学习，于1905年获得物理学博士学位。 ·16· UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT (1)full of passion 充满激情 【练透】单句语法填空 with passion 富有激情 D Delighted to know that you have a passion have a passion for对…情有独钟；酷爱… Tang poetry,I'm writing to inform you (2)passionate adj,热情的 of some relevant information about it. a passionate speech一次热情洋溢的演讲 ②He delivered a speech passion,which be passionate about对…充满热情 left us a deep impression. (3)passionately adv.热情地 【写美】完成句子 【佳句】I could make full use of the time to devote ③满怀热情和善良的约翰开始做爆米花来帮助伯 my passion to the society and help those in need 纳德赚点外快。 during the summer vacation. John set about making 在暑假期间，我可以充分利用时间把我的热情奉 popcorn to help Bernard earn some extra money. 献给社会，帮助那些有需要的人。 2 come to power(开始)掌权；上台 【教材原句】Circumstances changed in 1933,when Hitler came to power in Germany.l933年，希特勒在 德国上台，形势发生了变化。 (I)power n.权力；能力；能量 【练透】单句语法填空 be in power掌权，执政（表示状态，可以和 DI am terribly sorry,but it's my power 一段时间连用) to evaluate his decision properly. have the power to do sth具有做某事的能力/权力 2With the remarkable development of science and beyond/out of/not within one's power 某人 technology,China has become (power) 力所不能及的 than ever before. (2)powerful adj.强有力的 【写美】完成句子 【佳句】①The politician full of passion came to ③我深信我有能力担任您的助教一职，请您考虑 power three years ago.In other words,he has been 我的申请。 in power for three years. I am greatly convinced that I 这位充满激情的政治家三年前上台执政。换句话 as your teaching assistant,so please take my 说，他已经执政三年了。 application into consideration. 2It is beyond/out of/not within my power(I am ④事实上，这个城市的房产超出了大多数人的购买力。 unable or am not in a position)to help you. As a matter of fact,property in the city is 我没有能力帮助你。 of most people. 3 consequence n.结果，后果 【教材原句】As a consequence,he had to flee Germany..因此，他不得不逃离德国。 (1)as a consequence=as a result=in consequence 【佳句】They have been committed to their career for 因此；结果 the past decade.As a consequence/In consequence/ as a consequence of=as a result of由于/作 Consequently,they have accomplished remarkable 为…的结果 achievements. in consequence of由于：因为 他们在过去的十年里致力于他们的事业。因此， (2)consequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的 他们已经取得了非凡的成就 consequently adv.因此；结果 ·17 高中同步讲练测·一线调研「英语·选择性必修第一册 【练透】单句语法填空 【写美】一句多译 ① (consequence),she understood it and ③由于约翰非凡的主意，伯纳德能够赚些钱来养家。 became interested in traditional Chinese culture. John's extraordinary idea, 2I carelessly got the plan ruined,so I had to face Bernard could make some money to support his family. the (consequent). John's extraordinary idea, Bernard could make some money to support his family. 4 take up a position担任；任职 【教材原句】After spending time in Europe,he finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton,USA.在欧洲度过一段时间后，他终于在美国普林斯顿高等研究院谋得研究员一职。 take up接受；继续；占据（时间或空间） 【练透】语境辨义 take away带走；移开；使…消失 DSmartphones not only take up our valuable time take back撒回；收回 but also do great harm to our health. take down取下；记下 2The teacher took up the lesson where he left off last week. take off脱掉（衣服等）：起飞；事业腾飞 No matter what happens,I'm going to take up take over接管；获得对…的控制或管理 the challenge. take in吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗 【写美】完成句子 take on呈现；雇用；承担；从事 ④正是由于他的努力，他的事业才有了起色，他 【佳句】I intended to take up a position as a 的公司才有了崭新的面貌。 volunteer,through which I can broaden my It is because of his great efforts that his career horizons. and his company 我打算担任志愿者一职，从中可以开阔我的视野。 重点句型解构 口句型公式：独立主格结构 【教材原句】He made numerous contributions to the world,the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2.他为世界作出了许多的贡献，最为出名的当数广义相对论 和著名的方程式E=mc2, 句中the most well-known being the general all of us went home,hungry theory of relativity..为独立主格结构。独立主格 and tired. 结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致，它独立存 ②工作完成了，她坐下来喝一杯茶。 在；常见的独立主格结构如下： she sat down for a cup of tea. (1)名词/代词+doing(主动/进行) ③明天要作一次重要讲座，这个教授不得不熬夜 (2)名词/代词十done(被动/完成) 到深夜。 (3)名词/代词+todo(未发生的动作) the (4)名词/代词十形容词/副词/介词短语 professor has to stay up late into the night. 【佳句】She hugged the caring twins tightly,her ④听到他们的计划，伯纳德高兴得跳了起来，并 eyes flooded with tears. 她紧紧地抱住这对贴心的双胞胎，双眸满是泪水。 流下幸福和感激的泪水。 【写美】完成句子 Hearing their plan,Bernard jumped for joy, ①会议结束，我们都回家了，又饿又累。 ·18· UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT 2句型公式：状语从句的省略 【教材原句】While working there,out of a strong passion for knowledge,he continued to study,earning a doctorate in physics in 1905.工作期间，出于强烈的求知欲，他仍继续学习，于1905年获得物理学博士学位。 (1)when,while,before,after,unless,as if, 【写美】完成句子/句式升级 as等词引导的状语从句中的主语与主句的主 ①在高速公路上驾车时，你一定要小心。 语一致或状语从句中的主语为t且谓语中含 ，you can't 有be动词时，可同时省略状语从句中的主语 be too careful. 和be动词。 ②如果被善待，他很容易相处。 (2)省略句中非谓语动词的选用要根据动词和主语 he was very easy to 的关系：主动关系用动词-ing形式；被动关系用 get along with. 过去分词形式；尚未发生的用动词不定式。 If it is possible,could you provide some advice on how to found an online app? 【佳句】Be sure to pay attention to protecting the could you provide some environment and think of others while travelling. advice on how to found an online app?(用状语从 旅游时务必注意保护环境，为他人着想。 句的省略升级) 重点词汇·练习作 私语料积累 3.许多国人在悲痛中痛哭，眼泪不由自主地顺着 脸颊流下来。 ①gentle adj,温柔的；文静的 情 Overcome with sorrow,many Chinese people ②passion m.酷爱；激情 描 cried their hearts out, ③mourn vt.&i(因失去…而)哀悼：优伤 uncontrollably.(独立主格) ④committed adj,尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的 4,袁隆平毕生热情地致力于研究水稻。 ①commit vt.承诺；保证i,忠于；全心全意投入 Yuan (工作、活动等) 动 ②acknowledgew.承认（属实，权威等）：（公开）感谢 5.他总是坚持自己的梦想，无论遇到什么困难，他 作 ③defeat n,失败；挫败l,击败；战胜 都不承认失败。 写 ④insist vi.&t.坚持；坚决要求 He always and he wouldn't ⑤lown.流；流动：流畅：供应i.流；流动 ⑥encounter vt.偶然碰到；遇到n.邂逅；遭遇 6.在我看来，他为我们大家树立了一个好榜样。 语料运用 As far as I'm concerned,he Step2:句式升级造亮点 Step 1:完成句子雏形现 7.用分词作状语把句1合并升级 1.袁隆平被誉为最伟大的农业科学家，他于2021 年5月22日在长沙逝世。 Step3:过渡衔接连成篇 Yuan Longping He passed away in Changsha on 22 May2021. 2.外面下着毛毛雨，仿佛在为失去这位温和而杰 出的科学家而哀悼。（比喻的修辞手法） It was drizzling as if ·19· 高中同步讲练测·一线调研」英语·选择性必修第一册 综合话题类型·提高思维品质 氢单元词汇大集合 character n,品格；性格independence n,独立personality n,性格 人物 virtue n.美德，正直的品行，德行determined adj.坚定的 性格 independent adj.独立的，有主见的outgoing adj.外向的 dignity.庄重，尊贵：高尚dutiful adj,尽责的：忠诚的modest adj,谦虚的：谦逊的 人物 ambitious adj.有雄心壮志的thoughtful adj,考虑周到的outspoken ad,直率的：坦诚的 PEOPLE OF 品质 optimistic adj.乐观的energetic adj.精力充沛的 ACHIEVEMENT intelligence n.智力；才智，智慧wisdom n.智慧qualification m.资格：学历 智力 brilliant adj,使人印象深刻的；技艺高的forgetful adj.,缝忘的：不留心的 能力 gifted adj.有天赋的：有才华的talented adj.有才能的 be honoured as被誉为…have a gift for有…天赋make efforts to do sth努力做某事 be absorbed in全神贯注于be enthusiastic about对…热心 优秀 make great contributions to对…作出巨大贡献 品德 make great achievements in.,在…方面取得巨大成就 set a good example to.给…树立一个好榜样be devoted to致力于… 么话题词汇齐背诵 我们都钦佩/尊散他/她。 1.be willing to help those in need 4.He/She made great contributions to our country. 他/她对我们国家作出了巨大贡献。 乐于帮助那些需要帮助的人 5.He/She was highly thought of both at home and 2.be regarded/acknowledged as被认为是 3.a charming woman一位有魅力的女士 abroad. 他/她在国内外都受到高度评价。 4.get a master's/doctor's degree获得硕士/博士学位 5.a famous doctor at home and abroad一位国内外 6.We all respect him/her because he/she always 著名的博士 tries new ways to make his/her classes lively 6.win/gain the first prize获得一等奖 and interesting. 我们都尊敬他/她，因为他/她总是尝试新的方 7.think highly of高度赞扬 法使他/她的课生动有趣。 8.be honoured for..因…而受到尊敏 9.make(great)contributions to对…作出（巨 7.He/She has devoted much of his/her life to 大)贡献 researching and treating respiratory diseases, whose work is highly thought of by all Chinese 私话题经典句大诵读 people. 1.He/She was one of the greatest scientists in the 他/她一生的大部分时间都致力于研究和治疗呼 20th century. 吸系统疾病，其工作受到所有中国人的高度 他/她是20世纪最伟大的科学家之一。 评价。 2.He/She studied at a local high school and 8.He/She is so humorous,responsible and selfless graduated from Peking University. that I respect and love him/her very much. 他/她曾就读于当地一所高中，毕业于北京大学。 他/她是如此幽默、负责任和无私，以至于我非 3.He/She is such a learned/strong-willed person 常尊重和喜欢他/她。 that we all admire/respect him/her. 他/她是一个如此博学/意志坚强的人，以至于 ·20·