内容正文:
不定代词讲解及训练
Unit 2语法外研社初中英语2024版七年级下册
语法精讲
1.both/all辨析
both意为“两者都”,all指“三者及以上都”,二者均可用于be动词后、行为动词前,且均可和of连用。如:
My parents are both teachers./Both of my parents are teachers. 我的父母都是老师。
They all look happy./All of them look happy.他们看上去都很高兴。
2.neither/none辨析
(1)neither为both的反义词,意为“两者都不,两者中没有一个”;none为all的反义词,意为“三者及以上中没有一个”。
(2)neither/none均可和of连用;neither作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式;none作主语时,谓语动词可用单数,也可用复数形式。如:
Neither of the students likes the movie.这两个学生中没有一个喜欢那部电影。
None of us is/are going to have a picnic tomorrow.我们中没有一个人打算明天野餐。
3.either用法
either意为“(两者中)任一个”,作主语,谓语动词用单数形式,可以和of连用。如:
You may take either of the two. 你可以从两个中间挑任何一个。
Either of the students does well in their studies.
两个学生中,无论是谁学习都不错。
4.something/anything/nothing辨析
(1)something意为“某事”,用于肯定句;anything意为“任何事”,用于否定句和疑问句;nothing意为“没有”。
(2)形容词修饰something/anything/nothing要放于它们的后面。如:
I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情要告诉你们。
Is there anything special in today’s newspaper?在今天的报纸上有特别的事情吗?
达标精练
单项选择
1. —Tina, did you buy ________ when you went to Dazhou last month?
—Of course. I bought some Dengying Beef for my parents.
A. anything special B. special anything C. something special
2.—The best things in life are free.
—Couldn’t agree more. Air costs ______, but we can’t live without it.
A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything
3.—Did you watch To the Wonder with your parents last night?
—No, I watched it alone. ______ of them were busy.
A. All B. Both C. Neither
4. —More and more teenagers are becoming interested in Xiangsheng and Xiaopin nowadays.
—Yeah, that’s because ________ can give people a big laugh.
A. all B. none C. both D. neither
5. The light went out suddenly. It was very dark and ______ could be seen clearly.
A. anything B. something C. nothing
6. Running is getting popular. It is good for our health and it costs ________.
A. nothing B. everything C. anything
7. — There are two books about Chinese traditional tea-making culture.
— You’re free to take ________ of them and leave one for me.
A. all B. either C. neither D. none
8. —Jack, when are we going to buy a birthday gift for our grandma, today or tomorrow?
—_____ are OK. I am free.
A. All B. Both C. Neither D. None
9. I tried to buy the dictionary in two bookstores, but of them had it.
A. both B. all C. neither D. none
10. He was so angry that he could say .
A. anything B. nothing C. something D. everything
11. —Coffee or milk, Jeff?
—________ is OK. I care little about it.
A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither
12. —I'd like to order something to drink. What would you like, coffee or cola?
— .Milk is OK.
A. Both B. Neither C. All D. Either
13. —I have ________ but praise for the police because they often help people out of trouble.
—Yes, they’re well worth praising.
A. everything B. nothing C. anything D. something
14. I advise you not to show on the WeChat because it may cause trouble.
A. anything personal B. personal anything
C. something personal D. personal something
15.—All the volunteers were very tired, but_______of them had a rest.
—They were busy helping the firemen.
A. both B. neither C. all D. none
16. —To go abroad or not to go after graduation, it’s a question.
—You may take __________ of the roads. But being home in the end matters.
A. neither B. either C. both D. none
17.—You never give up in difficult situations.
—I believe_____ is impossible to a hopeful heart.
A. Nothing B. anything C. everything D. Something
18. Look at the sign, please. You can park your car on __________ side of the street.
A. both B. other C. either D. all
19. — There are mainly six kinds of tea in China. Which is your favorite?
— Green tea, I guess. I've tried black tea, green tea and so on, and __________ of them have their special tastes.
A. all B. both C. none D. neither
20. —Why are you laughing, Daniel?
— There is ________ funny in the newspaper. Come and see.
A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing
21. —Four children were walking under a small umbrella. ________of them got wet. Can you guess why?
—Because it was not raining!
A. All B. None C. Most D. Some
22. —Did you do _________ fun on your vacation, Tara?
—Yes, I did. I went to Sanya.
A. everything B. anything C. nothing
23. —Which colour do you like, red or blue?
— ________. I like green.
A. Either B. Both C. Neither D. None
24. The two books are about English. You can choose of them to read.
A. all; both B. all; either C. both; either D. both; neither
25.—What would you like, ice cream or apple juice?
—________. One for my sister and the other for myself.
A. Neither B. All C. None D. Both
参考答案
1.A考查不定代词。句意:——蒂娜,你上个月去达州的时候买了什么特别的东西吗?——当然。我给父母买了一些灯影牛肉。anything任何事情,用于否定句或疑问句中;something某事,用于肯定句中。“did you buy…”是一般疑问句,应用anything。形容词修饰复合不定代词时应后置,即anything special。
2. B 考查代词辨析。根据“The best things in life are free.”和“Air costs ..., but we can’t live without it.”可知,空气不花钱,是免费的。nothing没有什么。
3. B考查代词辨析。句意:——你昨晚和父母一起看了《通往仙境》吗?——没有,我自己看的。他们都很忙。All三者及以上都;Both两者都;Neither两者都不。根据“with your parents”及“No, I watched it alone.”可知,父母两人都很忙,“我”自己看的,应用both。
4. C 考查代词辨析。句意:——现在越来越多的青少年对祥生和小聘产生了兴趣。——是的,那是因为两者都能让人开怀大笑。all全都;none全都不;both两者都;neither都不。根据“Xiangsheng and Xiaopin”可知相声和小品都可以让人大笑,用both表示“两者都”。
5. C考查不定代词辨析。句意:灯突然熄灭了。天很黑,什么也看不清楚。anything任何东西;something某种东西;nothing没有什么。根据“The light went out suddenly”及“It was very dark”可知,太黑了,什么也看不清楚。
6.A考查代词辨析。句意:跑步越来越受欢迎。它对我们的健康有益,而且不花费什么钱。nothing没有什么;everything一切;anything任何事情。根据常识可知,跑步并不花费什么钱。
7. B考查代词辨析。句意:—有两本关于中国传统制茶文化的书。—你可以随意拿走其中任何一本,给我留一本。all所有;either两者之中任意一个;neither两者都不;none没有一个。根据“There are two books”和“leave one for me.”可知,要留下一本,即可以拿走两本书中任意一本,either符合题意。故选B。
8. B 考查不定代词辨析。句意:——杰克,我们什么时候给奶奶买生日礼物,今天还是明天?—— 这两天都行,我有空。all表示“三者或三者以上都”; both意为“两者都”;neither表示“两者都不”; none表示“三者或三者以上都不”。根据today or tomorrow排除A和D选项。然后根据 I am free.(我有空)排除C。
9.C 考查代词词义辨析及用法 both(两者)都 all(三者及以上)都 neither(两者)都不 none(三者及以上)都不,没有一个 句意:我试图在两个书店里买那本字典,但两个书店都没有,两者都不。
10. B考查不定代词。句意:他气得什么也说不出来。anything任何事; nothing没什么东西; something一些事情; everything每件事。
11. C 考查代词辨析。句意:——咖啡还是牛奶,杰夫?——任何一个都行。我不介意。Both两者,None没有一个,Either任何一个(两者),Neither任何一个都不(两者)。
12.B 考查代词用法辨析。句意:——我想点点饮料。你喜欢什么,咖啡还是可乐?——两者都不要。牛奶就可以。both两者都;neither两者都不;all 全;都(三者及以上);either (两者之中)任意一个。根据后面的“Milk is OK.”可推测对方“咖啡和可乐”两者都不想要。
13. B 考查复合不定代词用法。句意:——我对这些警察除了赞扬没有其他溢美之词了,因为他们常常帮助人们纾困。——是的,他们相当值得表扬。nothing but意为“除了……之外没有其他的”。故选B。
14. A 考查不定代词的用法。句意:我建议你不要在微信上透露的个人的任何东西,因为那可能造成麻烦。形容词修饰不定代词要放在不定代词之后;排除选项B和D;something用于肯定句;anything用于疑问句和否定句;由句中的not可知选A。
15.D考查代词的辨析。句意:—所有的志愿者都很累,但他们都没有休息。—他们都在忙着帮消防员。both(两者)都;neither(两者)都不;all表示三者以上全都;none指三者或三者以上,表示否定意义。
16.B 考查代词辨析。——毕业后是否出国呢?这是一个问题。——你可以走任一条路,但是重要的是最终要回家。两者选其一,用either。
17.A 考查不定代词辨析。nothing没有什么东西;anything任何东西;everything所有东西,一切;something某些东西。联系上文“在困境中你决不要放弃。”以及空格后to a hopeful heart“对一颗充满希望的心来说”可推知,我相信没有什么是不可能的。
18.C考查不定代词。句意:请看这个标志。你可以把车停在街道的任意一边。both两者都;other其他的;either二者之一;all三者及以上全都。街道有两边,根据“side”可知,此处表示单数,用either。
19.A 考查代词辨析。句意:——中国主要有六种茶。你最喜欢哪一个?——我想是绿茶。我试过红茶、绿茶等等,它们都有自己的独特口味。all都(三者或三者以上);both都(两者);none都不(三者或三者以上);neither都不(两者)。根据“black tea, green tea and so on”可知,指三者以上的,排除B和D选项。此处是评价尝过的茶叶都有自己独特的味道。
20.B考查不定代词辨析。句意:——Daniel,你为什么笑?——在报纸上有件有趣的事情。来看看。anything任何事,用于疑问句和否定句;something某件事,用于肯定句;everything一切;nothing没什么事。根据“Why are you laughing”及“There is …funny in the newspaper”可知,报纸里有趣的事情让他笑了,且此句是肯定句。
21.B 考查代词辨析。句意:——四个孩子在一把小伞下走着。他们都没有淋湿。你能猜到原因吗?——因为没有下雨!All都;None一个也没有;Most大部分;Some一些。根据“of them got wet”及“Because it was not raining”可知,因为没有下雨,所以这四个人都没有被淋湿。
22.B考查不定代词辨析。句意:——你假期做了什么有趣的事吗,塔拉? ——是的,我做了。我去了三亚。everything一切;anything任何东西,用于疑问句或否定句;nothing没什么东西。根据“Did you do...fun on your vacation, Tara? ”,可知,此处为一般疑问句,疑问句用anything。
23.C句意:——你喜欢什么颜色,红色还是蓝色?——都不喜欢。我喜欢绿色。考查代词辨析。Either两者中任何一个;Both两者都;Neither两者都不;None三者或三者以上都不。根据选项“red or blue”和空后“I like green.”可知,空处应是表示“两者都不”。
24.C考查不定代词辨析。句意:这两本书都是关于英语的。你可以任选其一来读。
all三者或三者以上都;both两者都;either二者之一;neither两者都不。根据“The two books”可知此处表示两本书都是英语书,用both;再由“You can choose ... of them to read.”可知此处是二者选其一,用either。
25. D 考查不定代词用法。句意:——你想要什么,冰淇淋还是苹果汁? ——________。一个给我妹妹,另一个 给我自己。根据语意,可以判断进入两个都要。both 用于两者,肯定形式。neither“两个都不”;表示 否定,all“所有的”用于三者以上;none“没有一个”,否定词,用于三者以上。
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