精品解析：北京市第一六一中学2024-2025学年高一下学期开学考英语试题

北京市第一六一中学2024—2025学年第二学期开学测试 高一英语 2025.2 本试卷共7页, 共150分。考试时长120分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题纸上, 在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分: 听力理解(共三节, 30分) 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题, 从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。 1. When will the man leave home? A. At 6:00. B. At 7:00. C. At 7:30. 2. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Call Mrs.Aiten. B. Check her cell phone. C. Have something to drink. 3. What will the man do first? A. Send the e-mail. B. Move the furniture. C. Finish the report. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A friend’s place. B. A party. C. A workmate. 5. What does the man mean? A. The concert is canceled. B. The Blue Kings is well known. C. The woman should go to the concert. 第二节 听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题, 从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后, 每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听第6段材料, 回答第6至7题。 6. Where does William suggest the woman park her car? A. In the front garden. B. In the street. C. in the garage. 7. What relation is Jane to William? A. His driver. B. His daughter. C. His wife. 听第7段材料, 回答第8至9题 8. Why does the woman intend to buy the green car? A. It is easy to drive. B. It is practical. C. It is fun. 9. What will the speakers do next? A. Have a coffee. B. Look at the red sports car. C. Talk with the salesperson. 听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。 10 What does the man want to find out? A When the Reading Club can meet in the library. B. Where the Reading Club will have gatherings. C. Whether the woman has confirmed the schedule. 11. When does the library close? A. Next Tuesday. B. Next Thursday. C. Next Friday. 12. At what time does the library open on Saturday? A. 8:00. B. 9:30. C. 10:00. 听第9段材料, 回答第13至15题。 13. What made the speaker’s father proud? A. He found a well-paid job. B. He made great sums of money. C. He was the first in his family to go to university. 14. How many shoe shops did the speaker have by 1990? A. 120. B. 250. C. 268. 15. What did the speaker do in 2002? A. He paid a visit to Africa. B. He spent a lot on race cars. C. He lent large sums of money to farmers. 第三节 听下面一段独白, 完成第16至第20小题, 每空只需填写一个词。听独白前, 你有20秒钟的时间阅读试题, 听完后你有90秒钟的作答时间。本段独白你将听两遍。 Weather Forecast Cities Weather New York City ●9℃~1℃ ●Take a(n) 16 Los Angeles ● 17 ℃~13℃ ●Perfect for dressing up for 18 London and 19 ●Cloudy and showery ●Take warm clothing Sydney ●19℃~13℃, 20 第二部分: 知识运用(共两节, 50分) 第一节语法填空(共10小题; 每小题1分, 共10分) 阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A For most of her life , Anna Mary Roberts worked very hard making a living on a farm. She began to paint___1___ her seventies. She displayed her artworks in her town at age eighty. The paintings___2___(notice) by an art collector,____3____recognized Anna's remarkable talent. He bought all the paintings on display. Later, three of her paintings were exhibited in a well-known art museum in New York City. Soon, people around the world___4___(hear) of Anna and her delightful artworks. People loved looking at the old-fashioned scenes that Anna had created. 【答案】1. in 2. were noticed 3. who 4. heard 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了Anna Mary Roberts在七十岁时，开始画画，她的作品被人们所喜爱。 【1题详解】 考查介词。in her seventies这个固定结构表示“在她七十岁的时候”，所以填in。 【2题详解】 考查时态语态。前边主语paintings为可数名词复数形式，故谓语动词也用复数形式，时态应该与前后句保持一致，用一般过去；句意上为她的画被一位收藏家注意到，用被动语态，所以填were noticed。 【3题详解】 考查非限制性定语从句。____3____recognized Anna's remarkable talent.是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是an art collector，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，所以填who。 【4题详解】 考查时态语态。句子中缺少谓语动词，并且时态跟前后句保持一致，句意为全世界的人很快就听说了她和她的作品，所以用一般过去时的主动形式，所以填heard。 B Legos are popular with kids. But____5____(make) them can hurt the environment. Why? Legos are made of plastic. The plastic is made from oil. That is a nonrenewable resource. Recently, Lego___6___(introduce) earth-friendly pieces. They are made of plastic taken from sugarcane. That is a renewable material. The green pieces are part of a bigger plan for Lego. The company plans to use renewable materials in all its___7___(toy) by 2030. The actions the company takes today can have an influence on the planet of tomorrow. 【答案】5. making/to make 6. has introduced/introduced 7. toys 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了乐高玩具公司引进了一种新的环保材料制作玩具。公司今天采取的行动会对星球的未来产生重大影响。 【5题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句子中已经有谓语动词can hurt，该空应用非谓语作主语，可以用动名词，也可以用不定式作主语，所以填making/to make。 【6题详解】 考查时态语态；根据前面的recently（最近），这里可以理解为：在刚刚过去的不久，所以可以用一般过去时introduced；也可理解为对现在的影响或者结果，所以也可以使用has introduced，所以填introduced/has introduced。 【7题详解】 考查名词。 根据前面的不定代词all，可知后面应该使用可数名词的复数形式，所以填toys。 C Many organizations try to inspire people___8___(do) kind acts, wherever and whenever they can. The idea behind this is that it doesn't take any major plan to be kind, just a little bit of effort. Perhaps the strongest supporter of this idea is the Random Acts of Kindness Foundation. It operates under the beliefs that kindness can be taught and that it is___9___( easy) spread. Its activities range from suggesting kind acts to allowing its website-users to officially register____10____ (they) as activists of kindness. 【答案】8. to do 9. easily 10. themselves 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了许多组织鼓励人们做善事。 【8题详解】 考查非谓语动词。此处非谓语动词作宾语， inspire sb. to do sth鼓励某人做某事，该用法是固定用法，所以填to do。 【9题详解】 考查副词。该空修饰动词spread，用副词，表示容易传播，所以填easily。 【10题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：它的活动范围从建议善意的行为到允许其网站用户正式注册为善意的积极分子，故使用反身代词指代这些人他们自己，所以填themselves。 第二节完形填空(共20小题; 每小题1.5分, 共30分) 阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Race Against Death It was a cold January in 1925 in Nome, Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow. On the 20th of that month, Dr. Welch ___11___a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious(传染的) disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be ___12___if it struck the town. Dr. Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. ___13___, the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage. How could the medicine get to Nome? The town’s ___14___was already full of ice, so it couldn’t come by ship. Cars and horses couldn’t travel on the ___15___roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didn’t exist yet. ___16___January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twenty more were ___17___. Nome’s town officials came up with a(n)___18___. They would have the medicine sent by ___19___from Anchorage to Nenana. From there, dogsled(狗拉雪橇) drivers — known as ＂mushers＂ — would _____20_____it to Nome in a relay(接力). The race began on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. _____21_____he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannon’s face was black from the extreme cold. On January 31, a musher named Seppala had to _____22_____a frozen body of water called Norton Sound. It was the most _____23_____part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice, which could sometimes break up without warning. If that happened, Seppala might fall into the icy water below. He would _____24_____, and so would the sick children of Nome. But Seppala made it across. A huge snowstorm hit on February 1. A musher named Kaasen had to brave this storm. At one point, huge piles of snow blocked his_____25_____. He had to leave the trail(雪橇痕迹) to get around them. Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to _____26_____the trail again. The only hope was Balto, Kaasen’s lead dog. Balto put his nose to the ground, _____27_____to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. If Balto failed, it would mean disaster for Nome. The minutes passed by. Suddenly, Balto began to _____28_____. He had found the trail. At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dogs _____29_____in Nome. Within minutes, Dr. Welch had the medicine. He quickly gave it to the sick children. All of them recovered. Nome had been _____30_____. 11. A. examined B. warned C. interviewed D. cured 12. A. harmless B. helpless C. fearless D. careless 13. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. However 14. A. airport B. station C. harbor D. border 15. A. narrow B. snowy C. busy D. dirty 16. A. From B. On C. By D. After 17. A. tired B. upset C. pale D. sick 18. A. plan B. excuse C. message D. topic 19. A. air B. rail C. sea D. road 20. A. carry B. return C. mail D. give 21. A. Though B. Since C. When D. If 22. A. enter B. move C. visit D. cross 23. A. shameful B. boring C. dangerous D. foolish 24. A. escape B. bleed C. swim D. die 25. A. memory B. exit C. way D. destination 26. A. find B. fix C. pass D. change 27. A. pretending B. trying C. asking D. learning 28. A. run B. leave C. bite D. play 29. A. gathered B. stayed C. camped D. arrived 30. A. controlled B. saved C. founded D. developed 【答案】11. A 12. B 13. D 14. C 15. B 16. C 17. D 18. A 19. B 20. A 21. C 22. D 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个人们接力运送药物来救患病儿童的感人故事。1925年1月份的阿拉斯加北部极其寒冷，由于大雪，诺姆小镇与外界隔绝了。雪上加霜的是，那里的孩子患上了一种致命的传染病——白喉。为了拯救孩子们，人们接力运送药品到诺姆。最终，人们通过狗拉的雪橇把药物送到了诺姆。 【11题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个月20日，韦尔奇医生检查了一个生病的男孩比利，知道他得了白喉，一种主要影响儿童的致命传染病。A. examined检查；B. warned警告；C. interviewed 面试，采访；D. cured治愈。根据谓语动词的主语是Dr. Welch，宾语是a sick boy，以及后面的动词knew可知，医生是在检查病童，并发现Billy患了一种传染病。故选A。 【12题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果这种病在镇上蔓延，诺姆的孩子们将会很无助。A. harmless无害的；B. helpless无助的；C. fearless无畏的；D. careless粗心的。根据“if it struck the town”可知，如果疾病在小镇蔓延，这里的孩子们会很无助。故选B。 【13题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，最近的医疗补给是在1000英里以外的安克雷奇。A. Moreover而且，此外；B. Therefore因此；C. Otherwise否则；D. However然而。根据上文Nome这个地方急需药品以及下文提到最近的可以取到药品的地方也在一千公里之外可知，前后是转折关系，因此选D。 14题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：镇上的港口已经结冰了，所以水路是行不通了。A. airport机场； B. station车站；C. harbor港口；D.border边境。根据“so it couldn’t come by ship”可知，这里指港口结冰，故选C。 【15题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：汽车和马不能在雪地上行驶。A. narrow狭窄的；B. snowy被雪覆盖的；C. busy繁忙的；D. dirty脏的。根据第一段“The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.”可知，大雪覆盖了道路，汽车和马都不能通行，故选B。 【16题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：到1月26日，比利和另外三个孩子已经去世。A. From从，自；B. On在……上面；C. By通过，在……之前；D. After在……之后。By+时间，与完成时连用。后跟过去的时间，用过去完成时；跟将来的时间，用将来完成时。故选C。 【17题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：还有20个病人。A. tired劳累的；B. upset难过的；C. pale苍白的；D. sick生病的。根据前文“from getting sick”可知，四个孩子相继去世，还有20几个患病。故选D。 【18题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：诺姆镇的官员想出了一个计划。A. plan计划；B. excuse借口；C. message信息；D. topic话题。根据下文“They would have the medicine sent by ___9___ from Anchorage to Nenana.”可知，诺姆镇的官员想出了一个计划。故选A。 【19题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们会用铁路把药从安克雷奇运到内纳那。A. air空气；B. rail栏杆，铁轨；C. sea海洋；D. road道路。根据下一段“from the train at Nenana”可知，药物被用火车运到Nenana。故选B。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那里，被称为“赶狗拉雪橇的人”的多格斯勒司机将接力把它送到诺姆。A. carry运送，携带；B. return返回，归还；C. mail邮寄；D. give给。根据常识可以判断出，药品要由赶狗拉雪橇的人运送到诺姆。故选A。 【21题详解】 考查连词辨析。句意：当Shannon把药递给下一个蘑菇的时候，他脸已经被冻得乌青。A. Though虽然；B. Since因为，自从；C. When当……时；D. If如果。当他把药物交给下一个人时，他的脸已经被冻得乌青，所以本句为when引导的时间状语从句。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1月31日，一个叫塞帕拉的赶狗拉雪橇的人不得不穿过一个叫诺顿桑德的冰冻区域。A. enter进入；B. move移动；C. visit拜访；D. cross穿过。根据“Norton Sound was covered with ice”可知，Norton Sound是一片冰冻的水域，Seppala必须穿过这片水域，故选D。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是行程中最危险的部分。A. shameful惭愧的；B. boring令人厌烦的；C. dangerous危险的；D. foolish愚蠢的。根据“which could sometimes break up without warning”可知，这是行程中最危险的一段。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会死，诺姆镇生病孩子也会死。A. escape逃脱；B. bleed流血；C. swim游泳；D. die死。根据上文“If that happened, Seppala might fall into the icy water below”可知，一旦Norton Sound破裂坍塌，Seppala可能会掉到冰水里死掉。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一次，一大堆雪挡住了他的去路。A. memory回忆；B. exit出口；C. way路；D. destination目的地。根据下文“Kaasen不得不离开雪橇的痕迹、绕过阻挡他的大雪堆”可知，巨大的雪堆挡住Kaasen前进的路。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时环境太糟糕，使Kaasen不可能再次找回雪橇的痕迹。A. find找到；B. fix安装；C. pass通过；D. change改变。根据上文Kaasen离开雪橇的痕迹可知，当时环境太糟糕，使Kaasen不可能再次找回雪橇的痕迹。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Balto把鼻子贴在地上，努力找到其他狗的气味，这些狗曾在这条路上走过。A. pretending假装；B. trying努力；C. asking问，要求；D. learning学会。Seppala的雪橇狗努力嗅着其它狗的味道。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，巴尔托开始跑起来。A. run跑；B. leave离开；C. bite咬；D. play玩耍。根据下文“He had found the trail.”可知，Seppala的雪橇狗找到了轨道，开始奔跑起来。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2月2日凌晨5:30，卡森和他的狗到达诺姆。A. gathered聚集；B. stayed保持；C. camped露营，借住；D. arrived到达。根据“Within minutes, Dr. Welch had the medicine.”可知，卡森和他的狗到达诺姆。arrive in sp到达某地，这里指终于到达诺姆。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有的孩子得到了救治，诺姆被救了。A. controlled控制；B. saved拯救； C. founded建立；D. developed发展。根据“All of them recovered.”可知，诺姆被救了。故选B。 第三部分: 阅读理解(共两节, 40分) 第一节(共15小题; 每小题2分, 共30分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A December 15, 2014 Dear Alfred， I want to tell you how important your help is to my life. Growing up, I had people telling me I was too slow, though, with an IQ of 150+ at 17, I’m anything but stupid. The fact was that I was found to have ADHD(注意力缺陷多动障碍). Anxious all the time, I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time. However, when something did interest me, I could become absorbed. In high school, I became curious about the computer, and built my first website. Moreover, I completed the senior course of Computer Basics, plus five relevant pre-college courses. While I was exploring my curiosity, my disease got worse. I wanted to go to college after high school, but couldn’t . So, I was killing my time at home until June 2012 when I discovered the online computer courses of your training center. Since then, I have taken courses like Data Science and Advanced Mathematics. Currently, I’m learning your Probability course. I have hundreds of printer paper, covered in self-written notes from your video. This has given me a purpose. Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public , I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. Luckily, I discovered the job—Data Analyst—this month and have been going full steam ahead. I want to prove that I can teach myself a respectful profession, without going to college, and be just as good as, if not better than, my competitors. Thank you. You’ve given me hope that I can follow my heart. For the first time, I feel good about myself because I’m doing something, not because someone told me I was doing good. I feel whole. This is why you’re saving my life. Yours, Tanis 31. why didn't Tanis go to college after high school? A. She had learned enough about computer science B. She had more difficulty keeping focused C. She preferred taking online courses D. She was too slow to learn 32. As for the working environment, Tanis prefers____. A. working by herself B. dealing with the public C. competing against others D. staying with ADHD students 33. Tanis wrote this letter in order to_____. A. explain why she was interested in the computer B. share the ideas she had for her profession C. show how grateful she was to the center D. describe the courses she had taken so far 【答案】31. B 32. A 33. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文。作者患有多动症，因为注意力不能集中，作者无法上大学。这时作者在网上看到一个培训中心提供的在线课程，于是在家通过网络学习了培训中心的计算机课程，并找到了心仪的工作。作者认为是培训中心的老师给了他希望和自信，于是写了这封信表达感谢。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根 据 第四段“my disease got worse. I wanted to go to college after high school, but couldn’t ”可 知，作者的疾病注意力缺陷多动障碍加重了，高中毕业之后想上大学，却不能上。所以为什么塔尼斯高中毕业后没有上大学是因为她很难集中注意力。故选B项。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“I could work alone. 可 知 ，作者不想处理复杂的人际关系，喜欢独自工作。所以至于工作环境，塔尼斯更喜欢独自工作。故选A项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Thank you. You’ve given me hope that I can follow my heart” 可 知，谢谢您。你给了我希望，我可以追随我的心。作者患有多动症，因为注意力不能集中，作者无法上大学。这时作者在网上看到一个培训中心提供的在线课程，于是在家通过网络学习了培训中心的计算机课程，并找到了心仪的工作。作者认为是培训中心的老师给了他希望和自信，于是写了这封信表达感谢。所以判断出作者写信的目的是表达感谢，故选C项。 【名师点睛】细节推断题是推理判断题中比较简单的一类试题，它要求考生根据语篇中具体的内容和信息点，推断出文章中具体的细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。解答此类试题时，一般可根据短文所提供的信息或者借助生活常识进行推理判断。考生只要正确把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，就可作出准确的推断。对于细节推断题来说，根据文章中的关键信息点进行推断是解答此类试题的关键。主观臆断是许多考生做这类题时普遍存在的一个问题。 比如第三题，此题是问写信的目的，那么就要到文中去找细节，很快就可以发现倒数第二段“Thank you. You’ve given me hope that I can follow my heart. For the first time, I feel good about myself”，这句话就表明了此信的目的就是表示感谢，感谢给予了作者希望和自信。 B Surviving Hurricane Sandy (飓风桑迪) Natalie Doan, 14, has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway, New York. Living just a few blocks from the beach, Natalie can see the ocean and hear the wave from her house. “It’s the ocean that makes Rockaway so special,” she says. On October 29, 2012, that ocean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast, and Rockaway was hit especially hard. Fortunately, Natalie’s family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city’s bridge closed. When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins. Many of Natalie’s friends had lost their homes and were living far away. All around her, people were suffering, especially the elderly. Natalie’s school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn. In the following few days, the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie. Volunteers came with carloads of donated clothing and toys. Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild. Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high-rise buildings. “My mom tells me that I can’t control what happens to me,” Natalie says. “but I can always choose how I deal with it.” Natalie’s choice was to help. She created a website page matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help. Natalie posted introduction about a boy named Patrick, who lost his baseball card collecting when his house burned down. Within days, Patrick’s collection was replaced. In the coming months, her website page helped lots of kids: Christopher, who received a new basketball; Charlie, who got a new keyboard. Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much-need supplies to Rockaway. Her efforts made her a famous person. Last April, she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change. Today, the scars (创痕) of destruction are still seen in Rockaway, but hope is in the air. The streets are clear, and many homes have been rebuilt. “I can’t imagine living anywhere but Rockaway,” Natalie declares. “My neighborhood will be back, even stronger than before.” 34. When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane, she found ______. A. some friends had lost their lives. B her neighborhood was destroyed. C. her school had moved to Brooklyn. D. the elderly were free from suffering. 35. According to paragraph 4, who inspired Natalie most? A. The people helping Rockaway rebuild. B. The people trapped in high-rise building. C. The volunteers donating money to survivors. D. Local teenagers bringing clothing to elderly people. 36. How did Natalie help the survivors? A. She gave her toys to the kids. B. She took care of younger children. C. She called on the White House to help. D. She built an information sharing platform. 37. What does the story intend to tell us? A. Little people can make a big difference. B. A friend in need is a friend indeed. C. East or West, home is best. D. Technology is power. 【答案】34. B 35. A 36. D 37. A 【解析】 【分析】Natalie是一个14岁的孩子，她生活的地方Brooklyn遭到了飓风桑迪的袭击，受灾严重。看到人们在帮助家乡重建，Natalie也加入进去，Natalie创建网站来分享求助信息，帮助捐赠者找到需要的受助者。Natalie的行为得到了社会的认可和表扬。 【34题详解】 段落大意题。A项文章未提及；根据第三段“Natalie’s school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn”可知学校没有搬走，而是暂时去Brooklyn上学，排除C；根据“people were suffering, especially the elderly”排除D；根据“When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins.”可知他们的街区被飓风毁了，故选B。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“In the following few days, the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie.”可知，那些帮助Rockaway恢复重建的人给了Natalie鼓舞，故选A。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“She created a website page matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help.”可知，Natalie创建了一个网站来分享和匹配求助信息和捐赠信息，故选D。 【37题详解】 写作意图题。根据倒数第二段“Her efforts made her a famous person. Last April, she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change.”可知，Natalie的助人行为得到了社会的认可和赞扬，说明小人物也可以有大作为，故选A。 考点：人物故事类短文阅读。 【名师点睛】故事类文章是高考阅读理解常选材料之一。这类文章常通过叙述突出人物性格特征或讲述个人经历与感悟，以及逸闻趣事。文章的要素有时间、地点、人物、事件等。有些是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略；有些是按时间的顺序叙述的，有顺叙、倒叙等。 解题技巧： 1、高考选用的此类文章常常为幽默类或情感类故事，其目的或阐明某种观点，或抨击某种陋习，或赞扬某种品德，所以要关注作者表达的个人感悟，提出的个人意见，或故事中出其不意的变化，而这些往往体现文章中心或写作意图，属于必考点。如本题中的第62题：通过Natalie帮助他人的行为告诉读者小人物也可以有大作为这一道理。 2、该类文章语言流畅、有趣，命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意图和态度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。这类文章同学们常有文章易懂，题目不易做的感觉。要注意培养自己快速阅读的习惯。切不可在个别难懂的词句上停留太久，耽误时间。 3、对整篇短文内容有了一定的了解后，要马上看短文后的问题，带着问题去选择或判断答案。要确定所需查找的信息范围，并注意所查找信息的特点。例如：如果问题或选项涉及到人名、地名，就应该找首字母大写的单词；如果问题或选项涉及时间、日期、数字，就应该寻找具体的数据。 C California Condor’s Shocking Recovery California condors are North America’s largest birds, with wind-length of up to 3 meters. In the 1980s, electrical lines and lead poisoning(铅中毒) nearly drove them to dying out. Now, electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds. In the late 1980s, the last few condors were taken from the wild to be bred(繁殖). Since 1992, there have been multiple reintroductions to the wild, and there are now more than 150 flying over California and nearby Arizona, Utah and Baja in Mexico. Electrical lines have been killing them off. “As they go in to rest for the night, they just don’t see the power lines,” says Bruce Rideout of San Diego Zoo. Their wings can bridge the gap between lines, resulting in electrocution(电死) if they touch two lines at once. So scientists have come up with a shocking idea. Tall poles, placed in large training areas, teach the birds to stay clear of electrical lines by giving them a painful but undeadly electric shock. Before the training was introduced, 66% of set-freed birds died of electrocution. This has now dropped to 18%. Lead poisonous has proved more difficult to deal with. When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they absorb large quantities of lead. This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds, and can lead to kidney(肾) failures and death. So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo, where they are treated with calcium EDTA, a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days. This work is starting to pay off. The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011. Rideout’s team thinks that the California condors’ average survival time in the wild is now just under eight years. “Although these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for now,” he says. “They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them. ” 38. California condors attract researchers’ interest because they _________. A. are active at night B. had to be bred in the wild C. are found only in California D. almost died out in the 1980s 39. Researchers have found electrical lines are _________. A. blocking condors’ journey home B. big killers of California condors C. rest places for condors at night D. used to keep condors away 40. According to Paragraph 5, lead poisoning _________. A. makes condors too nervous to fly B. has little effect on condors’ kidneys C. can hardly be gotten rid of from condors’ blood D. makes it difficult for condors to produce baby birds 41. This passage shows that _________. A. the average survival time of condors is satisfactory B. Rideout’s research interest lies in electric engineering C. the efforts to protect condors have brought good results D. researchers have found the final answers to the problem 【答案】38. D 39. B 40. D 41. C 【解析】 【分析】试题分析：加州兀鹰是北美最大的鸟类，翼展可达3米。20世纪80年代，由于触电和铅中毒，加州兀鹰几乎绝迹。现在，正通过电击和药物治疗拯救加州兀鹰。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“As they go in to rest for the night”排除A；根据第二段“In the late 1980s, the last few condors were taken from the wild to be bred(繁殖)”可知，condors一直生活在野外，排除B；根据第二段“more than 150 flying over California and nearby Arizona, Utah and Baja in Mexico”可知，不止加利福尼亚州有condors，排除C，根据第一段的 In the 1980s, electrical lines and lead poisoning(铅中毒) nearly drove them to dying out.可推断，加州秃鹰吸引了研究人员的兴趣是因为他们在20世纪80年代几乎灭绝。故选D。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Electrical lines have been killing them off...Their wings can bridge the gap between lines, resulting in electrocution(电死) if they touch two lines at once.”可知，兀鹰不知道停在电线上翅膀同时触到两根及两根以上电线会触电身亡，它们经常停在电线上休息，结果，很多兀鹰被电死了，故选B。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据“This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds, and can lead to kidney(肾) failures and death”可知，摄入大量铅会刺激兀鹰的神经系统，影响它们的生育能力，导致肾衰竭和死亡，因此推断铅中毒让兀鹰很难繁殖小鹰。故选D。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据“just under eight years”可知，在野外生存的兀鹰的平均寿命太短，排除A；根据“Although these measures are not effective forever”可知，目前采用的措施并不能永远有效，排除D；根据第六段“They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them.”可知，Rideout团队的研究兴趣在于怎样挽救这一濒危物种，排除B。根据最后一句“Although these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for now,” he says. “They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them. ”可知，虽然这些措施不会永远有效，但就目前而言，它们是至关重要的。 因此推断保护兀鹰故选C。 【点睛】推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的题目。它包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了作出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。此类题要求在理解表面文字的基础上作出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意思和深层意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息、上下文的逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息，推断出作者没有直接表达的态度和观点。 推理判断题的解题方法：推理判断题不仅要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思，还要推理它们之间的关系，结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章的深层含义。任何一篇文章都有其特定的写作目的，读者需要知道如何去做或按照某种方式思考问题。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分－推论的前提，从中推测出未知部分－推理的结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。例如小题4，根据最后一句“Although these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for now,” he says. “They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them. ”可知，虽然这些措施不会永远有效，但就目前而言，它们是至关重要的。 因此推断保护兀鹰故选C。 D Why College Is Not Home The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy(自主性) and the development of adult identity. However, now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence, during which many of today’s students are not shouldered with adult responsibilities. For previous generations, college was a decisive break from parental control; guidance and support needed to come from people of the same age and from within. In the past two decades, however, continued connection with and dependence on family, thanks to cell phones, email and social media, have increased significantly. Some parents go so far as to help with coursework. Instead of promoting the idea of college as a passage from the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult responsibility, universities have given in to the idea that they should provide the same environment as that of the home. To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility, college needs to be a time of exploration and experimentation. This process involves ＂trying on＂ new ways of thinking about oneself both intellectually(在思维方面)and personally. While we should provide ＂safe spaces＂ within colleges, we must also make it safe to express opinions and challenge majority views. Intellectual growth and flexibility are fostered by strict debate and questioning. Learning to deal with the social world is equally important. Because a college community(群体) differs from the family, many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging. If students rely on administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking pattern, they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity within a larger and complex community. Moreover, the tendency for universities to monitor and shape student behavior runs up against another characteristic of young adults: the response to being controlled by their elders. If acceptable social behavior is too strictly defined(规定) and controlled, the insensitive or aggressive behavior that administrators are seeking to minimize may actually be encouraged. It is not surprising that young people are likely to burst out, particularly when there are reasons to do so. Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of national emergency. What is lacking today is the conflict between adolescents’ desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world. Therefore, there is the desire for their dorms to be replacement homes and not places to experience intellectual growth. Every college discussion about community values, social climate and behavior should include recognition of the developmental importance of student autonomy and self-regulation, of the necessary tension between safety and self-discovery. 42. What’s the author’s attitude toward continued parental guidance to college students? A. Sympathetic. B. Disapproving. C. Supportive. D. Neutral. 43. The underlined word ＂passage＂ in Paragraph 2 means___________. A. change B. choice C. text D. extension 44. According to the author, what role should college play? A. To develop a shared identity among students. B. To define and regulate students’ social behavior. C. To provide a safe world without tension for students. D. To foster students’ intellectual and personal development. 45. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage? A. B. C. D. 【答案】42. B 43. A 44. D 45. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍的是大学生自主性和成人身份认同的相关情况。最近二十年来的大学生比以往任何时候依赖于家庭，对自己应付的社会责任感下降，所以大学应该意识到培养学生自我发展和自我规范的重要性。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy(自主性) and the development of adult identity. However, now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence, during which many of today’s students are not shouldered with adult responsibilities.可知，大学时代应该是自主发展和准备成为成年人的重要时期。然而，现在他们正成为一个青春期的延长期，在这期间，当今的学生没有承担成年人的责任。作者认为，大学不应该成为孩子们依赖的“家”，故判断出作者不赞成父母继续指导上大学的孩子。故选B。 【43题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“from the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult responsibility”可知，从受家庭的庇护到有自主性和肩负成年人的责任，这是一种转变、变化，故判断出划线词的意思是“改变”的意思。故选A。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段Intellectual growth and flexibility are fostered by strict debate and questioning. 智力的增长和灵活性是通过严格的辩论和提问培养出来的。根据最后一段Every college discussion about community values, social climate and behavior should include recognition of the developmental importance of student autonomy and self-regulation, of the necessary tension between safety and self-discovery. 每一个大学关于社区价值观、社会气氛和行为的讨论，都应该包括对学生自主和自我调节的发展重要性的认识，以及对安全和自我发现之间必要的张力的认识。由此判断出，根据作者，大学应该扮演培养学生的智力和个人发展的角色。故选D。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。通读全篇可知，第一段提出论点，大学发展应该是大学时代应该是自主发展和准备成为成年人的重要时期，但现在他们正成为一个青春期的延长期，当今的学生没有承担成年人的责任。第二段分析其原因，目前这一代人，大学阶段本应该是独立阶段，而父母包办过多。第三，四段从学校和个人角度如何培养责任感和社交能力。第五，六段是三四段的延伸。最后一段呼吁大学应该意识到培养学生自我发展和自我规范的重要性。结合选项，故选C项。 第二节(共5小题; 每小题2分, 共10分) 根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Science of Risk-Seeking Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking. ____46____ Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work? The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. ____47____ As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk. So why aren’t we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. ___48___ No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. ____49____ To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well. ___50___ For the risk-seekers a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active. As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we’ll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool. A. It all depends on your character. B. Those are the risks you should jump to take. C. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival. D. Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest. E. This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world. F. However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards. G. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation. 【答案】46. F 47. C 48. A 49. E 50. G 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们喜欢冒险的来源和科学依据，人们都喜欢冒险，因为风险也意味着回报，生活中人们喜欢做一些让别人意外和害怕的事，这和人的大脑有关． 【46题详解】 根据前文because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth tasking.当我们衡量风险和回报时，风险值得去冒。根据后文Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us.有些人喜欢做一些让别人意外和害怕的事。也就是说衡量风险的标准每个人都可能不一样．故F选项 “然而，我们并不是都使用相同的参考标准来衡量风险和回报”与上文为转折关系，且承接下文。故选F。 【47题详解】 根据前文Risk-takers were better at hunting，fighting，or exploring．喜欢冒险的人表现更优秀，这意味着他们有更大的机会生存下去。故C选项“这意味着他们有更大的机会生存下去”承接上文。故选C。 【48题详解】 根据前文So maybe you love car racing，or maybe you hate it．也许你喜欢赛车，也许你不喜欢，这要依据你的性格。故A选项“这要依据你的性格”承接上文。故选A。 【49题详解】 根据前文scientists say that your Willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years.科学家们指出冒险的意愿在年轻时会不断强烈。根据下文To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences.为了帮你实现那些，大脑会不断增加你对新的经历的渴望。而这些是在你离开家庭，走进一个更大的世界的时候。故E选项“这些是在你离开家庭，走进一个更大的世界的时候”承接上下文。故选E。 【50题详解】 根据下文For the risk-seekers a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.不同的人的大脑在处理快乐和恐惧时表现也会不一样。故前面应该是说大脑的不同反应。故G选项“新的大脑研究表明，当我们面对紧张的情况时，我们的大脑会以不同的方式工作” 承接下文。故选G。 第三部分书面表达(共两节, 30分) 第一节(共4小题; 第66题1分, 第67, 68题各2分, 第69题5分, 共12分) 阅读下面短文, 根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 The Value of Failure in Success In our pursuit of success, failure often seems like an unwelcome guest. We usually view failure as something negative, something to be avoided at all costs. However, failure is an inevitable(unavoidable)part of life, and it actually holds great value in our journey towards success. Failure serves as a powerful teacher. When we fail at something, we are forced to reflect on our actions. For example, if we fail an exam, we analyze what went wrong. Maybe we didn’t study the right materials, or our time- management during the exam was poor. Through this self-reflection, we can identify our weaknesses and learn from our mistakes. This newly-found knowledge becomes a valuable asset(property), guiding us to make better decisions and take more effective actions in the future. Failure also builds resilience(toughness). Each time we face failure and manage to get back up, we become stronger. Take Thomas Edison as an example. He failed thousands of times before inventing the light bulb. But instead of giving up, he used each failure as a stepping-stone. His perseverance in the face of repeated failures made him one of the most influential inventors in history. Similarly, when we encounter failure in our lives, whether it’s in sports, academics, or personal relationships, bouncing back from it gives us the mental toughness to handle future challenges. Moreover, failure can change our perspective. It makes us more humble and less overconfident. When we experience failure, we realize that we are not invincible and that there is always room for improvement. This new perspective allows us to approach tasks with a more open—minded and realistic attitude. It also helps us appreciate success more. After going through the hardships of failure, the taste of success becomes sweeter. In conclusion, failure is not the end but a crucial part of the path to success. It teaches us, builds our resilience, and shapes our perspective. We should embrace failure, learn from it, and use it as a springboard to achieve greater things. 51. Why is self-reflection after failure important? _________________________________________________________________________ 52. How does failure contribute to building resilience? _________________________________________________________________________ 53. In what ways does failure change our perspective? _________________________________________________________________________ 54. Though failure can be helpful, what can we do to avoid failure as much as possible?(In about 40 words.) _________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】51. Self-reflection after failure is important because it enables us to identify our weaknesses and learn from mistakes, which helps us make better decisions and take more effective actions in the future. 52. Failure contributes to building resilience by making us stronger each time we face it and manage to recover and it gives us the mental toughness to deal with future challenges. 53. Failure changes our perspective by making us more humble and less overconfident, allowing us to approach tasks with a more open-minded and realistic attitude, and helping us appreciate success more. 54. We can set clear goals, make detailed plans, learn from predecessors' experiences, and keep improving our abilities to avoid failure as much as possible. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了失败在通往成功的道路上具有重要价值。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“When we fail at something, we are forced to reflect on our actions. For example, if we fail an exam, we analyze what went wrong. Maybe we didn’t study the right materials, or our time- management during the exam was poor. Through this self-reflection, we can identify our weaknesses and learn from our mistakes. This newly-found knowledge becomes a valuable asset(property), guiding us to make better decisions and take more effective actions in the future.(当我们在某件事上失败时，我们不得不反思自己的行为。例如，如果我们考试不及格，我们就会分析是哪里出了问题。可能是我们没有学习正确的资料，或者在考试期间时间管理不当。通过这种自我反思，我们能够认识到自己的不足，并从错误中吸取教训。这种新获得的知识成为了一笔宝贵的财富，指导我们在未来做出更好的决策并采取更有效的行动)”可知，失败后的自我反思之所以重要，是因为通过反思我们能发现自身的不足、从错误中学习，这些新知识能引导我们在未来做出更好的决策并采取更有效的行动。故答案为Self-reflection after failure is important because it enables us to identify our weaknesses and learn from mistakes, which helps us make better decisions and take more effective actions in the future. 【52题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Failure also builds resilience(toughness). Each time we face failure and manage to get back up, we become stronger. Take Thomas Edison as an example. He failed thousands of times before inventing the light bulb. But instead of giving up, he used each failure as a stepping-stone. His perseverance in the face of repeated failures made him one of the most influential inventors in history. Similarly, when we encounter failure in our lives, whether it’s in sports, academics, or personal relationships, bouncing back from it gives us the mental toughness to handle future challenges.(失败还能培养韧性（坚强）。每当我们面对失败并设法重新站起来时，我们都会变得更强大。以托马斯·爱迪生为例。他在发明电灯之前失败了成千上万次。但他没有放弃，而是把每一次失败都当作垫脚石。他在面对反复失败时所表现出的坚持不懈，使他成为了历史上最具影响力的发明家之一。同样地，当我们在生活中遭遇失败，无论是在体育、学业还是个人关系中，从失败中恢复过来都会给予我们应对未来挑战的心理韧性)”可知，每次我们面对失败并成功重新振作起来时，我们就会变得更强大，从失败中恢复过来会给予我们应对未来挑战的心理韧性，这就是失败对建立韧性的作用。故答案为Failure contributes to building resilience by making us stronger each time we face it and manage to recover, and it gives us the mental toughness to deal with future challenges. 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Moreover, failure can change our perspective. It makes us more humble and less overconfident. When we experience failure, we realize that we are not invincible and that there is always room for improvement. This new perspective allows us to approach tasks with a more open—minded and realistic attitude. It also helps us appreciate success more.(此外，失败还能改变我们的视角。它让我们变得更加谦逊，不那么自满。当我们经历失败时，我们意识到自己并非不可战胜，也明白总有进步的空间。这种新的视角使我们能够以更加开放和现实的态度去面对任务。同时，它也有助于我们更加珍惜成功)”可知，失败能让我们变得更谦逊、不那么自负，让我们以更开放和现实的态度对待任务，还能帮助我们更珍惜成功，这些都是失败改变我们观点的方式。故答案为Failure changes our perspective by making us more humble and less overconfident, allowing us to approach tasks with a more open-minded and realistic attitude, and helping us appreciate success more. 【54题详解】 开放性试题。本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一，合理即可。虽然文中未具体提及避免失败的方法，但从逻辑和常理来看，设定清晰的目标能让我们明确方向，制定详细计划有助于有条理地行动，借鉴前人经验可少走弯路，不断提升自身能力能增强应对问题的实力，这些都有助于尽量避免失败。故答案可以是We can set clear goals, make detailed plans, learn from predecessors' experiences, and keep improving our abilities to avoid failure as much as possible. 第二节(20分) 55. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国好友Jim准备给其校报的China Today栏目投稿，内容是中国中学生眼中的体育明星。他给你发邮件向你询问谁是你心中的体育明星。请你给他回一封邮件。内容包括： 1. 你心中的体育明星和他/她的主要成绩； 2. 这位体育明星对你的影响。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m thrilled to know you’re writing for the China Today column. In my heart, the outstanding sports star is Su Bingtian. Su, a remarkable sprinter, made history by becoming the first Chinese to reach the 100-meter final at the Olympics. His best time of 9.83 seconds in the Tokyo Olympics semifinal astonished the world. Su greatly influences me. His perseverance in training despite facing numerous setbacks, inspires me to keep going no matter how tough things are. Whenever I’m about to give up, his image comes to mind, pushing me forward. I hope my introduction helps. Looking forward to reading your article. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。英国好友Jim准备给其校报的China Today栏目投稿，要求考生给英国好友Jim写一封邮件，告诉他你心目中的体育明星是谁，并介绍这位体育明星对你的影响。 【详解】1.词汇积累 兴奋的：thrilled→exhilarated 使震惊：astonish→shock 影响某人：influence sb.→have an effect on sb. 尽管：despite→in spite of 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Su, a remarkable sprinter, made history by becoming the first Chinese to reach the 100-meter final at the Olympics. 拓展句：Su, who is a remarkable sprinter, made history by becoming the first Chinese to reach the 100-meter final at the Olympics. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m thrilled to know you’re writing for the China Today column.（运用了that引导的宾语从句，that被省略） 【高分句型2】His perseverance in training, despite facing numerous setbacks, inspires me to keep going no matter how tough things are.（运用了no matter how引导的让步状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京市第一六一中学2024—2025学年第二学期开学测试 高一英语 2025.2 本试卷共7页, 共150分。考试时长120分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题纸上, 在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分: 听力理解(共三节, 30分) 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题, 从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。 1. When will the man leave home? A. At 6:00. B. At 7:00. C. At 7:30. 2. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Call Mrs.Aiten. B. Check her cell phone. C. Have something to drink. 3. What will the man do first? A. Send the e-mail. B. Move the furniture. C. Finish the report. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A friend’s place. B. A party. C. A workmate. 5. What does the man mean? A. The concert is canceled. B. The Blue Kings is well known. C. The woman should go to the concert. 第二节 听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题, 从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后, 每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听第6段材料, 回答第6至7题。 6. Where does William suggest the woman park her car? A. In the front garden. B. In the street. C. in the garage. 7. What relation is Jane to William? A. His driver. B. His daughter. C. His wife. 听第7段材料, 回答第8至9题 8. Why does the woman intend to buy the green car? A. It is easy to drive. B. It is practical. C. It is fun. 9. What will the speakers do next? A. Have a coffee. B. Look at the red sports car. C. Talk with the salesperson. 听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。 10. What does the man want to find out? A When the Reading Club can meet in the library. B. Where the Reading Club will have gatherings. C. Whether the woman has confirmed the schedule. 11. When does the library close? A. Next Tuesday. B. Next Thursday. C. Next Friday. 12. At what time does the library open on Saturday? A. 8:00. B. 9:30. C. 10:00. 听第9段材料, 回答第13至15题。 13. What made the speaker’s father proud? A. He found a well-paid job. B. He made great sums of money. C. He was the first in his family to go to university. 14. How many shoe shops did the speaker have by 1990? A. 120. B. 250. C. 268. 15. What did the speaker do in 2002? A. He paid a visit to Africa. B. He spent a lot on race cars. C. He lent large sums of money to farmers. 第三节 听下面一段独白, 完成第16至第20小题, 每空只需填写一个词。听独白前, 你有20秒钟的时间阅读试题, 听完后你有90秒钟的作答时间。本段独白你将听两遍。 Weather Forecast Cities Weather New York City ●9℃~1℃ ●Take a(n) 16 Los Angeles ● 17 ℃~13℃ ●Perfect for dressing up for 18 London and 19 ●Cloudy and showery ●Take warm clothing Sydney ●19℃~13℃, 20 第二部分: 知识运用(共两节, 50分) 第一节语法填空(共10小题; 每小题1分, 共10分) 阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A For most of her life , Anna Mary Roberts worked very hard making a living on a farm. She began to paint___1___ her seventies. She displayed her artworks in her town at age eighty. The paintings___2___(notice) by an art collector,____3____recognized Anna's remarkable talent. He bought all the paintings on display. Later, three of her paintings were exhibited in a well-known art museum in New York City. Soon, people around the world___4___(hear) of Anna and her delightful artworks. People loved looking at the old-fashioned scenes that Anna had created. B Legos are popular with kids. But____5____(make) them can hurt the environment. Why? Legos are made of plastic. The plastic is made from oil. That is a nonrenewable resource. Recently, Lego___6___(introduce) earth-friendly pieces. They are made of plastic taken from sugarcane. That is a renewable material. The green pieces are part of a bigger plan for Lego. The company plans to use renewable materials in all its___7___(toy) by 2030. The actions the company takes today can have an influence on the planet of tomorrow. C Many organizations try to inspire people___8___(do) kind acts, wherever and whenever they can. The idea behind this is that it doesn't take any major plan to be kind, just a little bit of effort. Perhaps the strongest supporter of this idea is the Random Acts of Kindness Foundation. It operates under the beliefs that kindness can be taught and that it is___9___( easy) spread. Its activities range from suggesting kind acts to allowing its website-users to officially register____10____ (they) as activists of kindness. 第二节完形填空(共20小题; 每小题1.5分, 共30分) 阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Race Against Death It was a cold January in 1925 in Nome, Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow. On the 20th of that month, Dr. Welch ___11___a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious(传染的) disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be ___12___if it struck the town. Dr. Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. ___13___, the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage. How could the medicine get to Nome? The town’s ___14___was already full of ice, so it couldn’t come by ship. Cars and horses couldn’t travel on the ___15___roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didn’t exist yet. ___16___January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twenty more were ___17___. Nome’s town officials came up with a(n)___18___. They would have the medicine sent by ___19___from Anchorage to Nenana. From there, dogsled(狗拉雪橇) drivers — known as ＂mushers＂ — would _____20_____it to Nome in a relay(接力). The race began on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. _____21_____he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannon’s face was black from the extreme cold. On January 31, a musher named Seppala had to _____22_____a frozen body of water called Norton Sound. It was the most _____23_____part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice, which could sometimes break up without warning. If that happened, Seppala might fall into the icy water below. He would _____24_____, and so would the sick children of Nome. But Seppala made it across. A huge snowstorm hit on February 1. A musher named Kaasen had to brave this storm. At one point, huge piles of snow blocked his_____25_____. He had to leave the trail(雪橇痕迹) to get around them. Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to _____26_____the trail again. The only hope was Balto, Kaasen’s lead dog. Balto put his nose to the ground, _____27_____to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. If Balto failed, it would mean disaster for Nome. The minutes passed by. Suddenly, Balto began to _____28_____. He had found the trail. At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dogs _____29_____in Nome. Within minutes, Dr. Welch had the medicine. He quickly gave it to the sick children. All of them recovered. Nome had been _____30_____. 11. A. examined B. warned C. interviewed D. cured 12. A. harmless B. helpless C. fearless D. careless 13. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. However 14. A. airport B. station C. harbor D. border 15. A. narrow B. snowy C. busy D. dirty 16. A. From B. On C. By D. After 17. A. tired B. upset C. pale D. sick 18. A. plan B. excuse C. message D. topic 19. A. air B. rail C. sea D. road 20. A. carry B. return C. mail D. give 21. A. Though B. Since C. When D. If 22. A. enter B. move C. visit D. cross 23. A. shameful B. boring C. dangerous D. foolish 24. A. escape B. bleed C. swim D. die 25. A. memory B. exit C. way D. destination 26 A. find B. fix C. pass D. change 27. A. pretending B. trying C. asking D. learning 28. A. run B. leave C. bite D. play 29. A. gathered B. stayed C. camped D. arrived 30. A. controlled B. saved C. founded D. developed 第三部分: 阅读理解(共两节, 40分) 第一节(共15小题; 每小题2分, 共30分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A December 15, 2014 Dear Alfred， I want to tell you how important your help is to my life. Growing up, I had people telling me I was too slow, though, with an IQ of 150+ at 17, I’m anything but stupid. The fact was that I was found to have ADHD(注意力缺陷多动障碍). Anxious all the time, I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time. However, when something did interest me, I could become absorbed. In high school, I became curious about the computer, and built my first website. Moreover, I completed the senior course of Computer Basics, plus five relevant pre-college courses. While I was exploring my curiosity, my disease got worse. I wanted to go to college after high school, but couldn’t . So, I was killing my time at home until June 2012 when I discovered the online computer courses of your training center. Since then, I have taken courses like Data Science and Advanced Mathematics. Currently, I’m learning your Probability course. I have hundreds of printer paper, covered in self-written notes from your video. This has given me a purpose. Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public , I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. Luckily, I discovered the job—Data Analyst—this month and have been going full steam ahead. I want to prove that I can teach myself a respectful profession, without going to college, and be just as good as, if not better than, my competitors. Thank you. You’ve given me hope that I can follow my heart. For the first time, I feel good about myself because I’m doing something, not because someone told me I was doing good. I feel whole. This is why you’re saving my life. Yours, Tanis 31. why didn't Tanis go to college after high school? A. She had learned enough about computer science B. She had more difficulty keeping focused C. She preferred taking online courses D. She was too slow to learn 32. As for the working environment, Tanis prefers____. A. working by herself B. dealing with the public C. competing against others D. staying with ADHD students 33. Tanis wrote this letter in order to_____. A. explain why she was interested in the computer B. share the ideas she had for her profession C. show how grateful she was to the center D. describe the courses she had taken so far B Surviving Hurricane Sandy (飓风桑迪) Natalie Doan, 14, has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway, New York. Living just a few blocks from the beach, Natalie can see the ocean and hear the wave from her house. “It’s the ocean that makes Rockaway so special,” she says. On October 29, 2012, that ocean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast, and Rockaway was hit especially hard. Fortunately, Natalie’s family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city’s bridge closed. When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins. Many of Natalie’s friends had lost their homes and were living far away. All around her, people were suffering, especially the elderly. Natalie’s school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn. In the following few days, the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie. Volunteers came with carloads of donated clothing and toys. Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild. Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high-rise buildings. “My mom tells me that I can’t control what happens to me,” Natalie says. “but I can always choose how I deal with it.” Natalie’s choice was to help. She created a website page matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help. Natalie posted introduction about a boy named Patrick, who lost his baseball card collecting when his house burned down. Within days, Patrick’s collection was replaced. In the coming months, her website page helped lots of kids: Christopher, who received a new basketball; Charlie, who got a new keyboard. Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much-need supplies to Rockaway. Her efforts made her a famous person. Last April, she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change. Today, the scars (创痕) of destruction are still seen in Rockaway, but hope is in the air. The streets are clear, and many homes have been rebuilt. “I can’t imagine living anywhere but Rockaway,” Natalie declares. “My neighborhood will be back, even stronger than before.” 34. When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane, she found ______. A. some friends had lost their lives. B. her neighborhood was destroyed. C. her school had moved to Brooklyn. D. the elderly were free from suffering. 35. According to paragraph 4, who inspired Natalie most? A. The people helping Rockaway rebuild. B. The people trapped in high-rise building. C. The volunteers donating money to survivors. D. Local teenagers bringing clothing to elderly people. 36. How did Natalie help the survivors? A. She gave her toys to the kids. B. She took care of younger children. C. She called on the White House to help. D. She built an information sharing platform. 37. What does the story intend to tell us? A. Little people can make a big difference. B. A friend in need is a friend indeed. C. East or West, home is best. D. Technology is power. C California Condor’s Shocking Recovery California condors are North America’s largest birds, with wind-length of up to 3 meters. In the 1980s, electrical lines and lead poisoning(铅中毒) nearly drove them to dying out. Now, electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds. In the late 1980s the last few condors were taken from the wild to be bred(繁殖). Since 1992, there have been multiple reintroductions to the wild, and there are now more than 150 flying over California and nearby Arizona, Utah and Baja in Mexico. Electrical lines have been killing them off. “As they go in to rest for the night, they just don’t see the power lines,” says Bruce Rideout of San Diego Zoo. Their wings can bridge the gap between lines, resulting in electrocution(电死) if they touch two lines at once. So scientists have come up with a shocking idea. Tall poles placed in large training areas, teach the birds to stay clear of electrical lines by giving them a painful but undeadly electric shock. Before the training was introduced, 66% of set-freed birds died of electrocution. This has now dropped to 18%. Lead poisonous has proved more difficult to deal with. When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they absorb large quantities of lead. This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds, and can lead to kidney(肾) failures and death. So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo, where they are treated with calcium EDTA, a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days. This work is starting to pay off. The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011. Rideout’s team thinks that the California condors’ average survival time in the wild is now just under eight years. “Although these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for now,” he says. “They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them. ” 38. California condors attract researchers’ interest because they _________. A. are active at night B. had to be bred in the wild C are found only in California D. almost died out in the 1980s 39. Researchers have found electrical lines are _________. A. blocking condors’ journey home B. big killers of California condors C. rest places for condors at night D. used to keep condors away 40. According to Paragraph 5, lead poisoning _________. A makes condors too nervous to fly B. has little effect on condors’ kidneys C. can hardly be gotten rid of from condors’ blood D. makes it difficult for condors to produce baby birds 41. This passage shows that _________. A. the average survival time of condors is satisfactory B. Rideout’s research interest lies in electric engineering C. the efforts to protect condors have brought good results D. researchers have found the final answers to the problem D Why College Is Not Home The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy(自主性) and the development of adult identity. However, now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence, during which many of today’s students are not shouldered with adult responsibilities. For previous generations, college was a decisive break from parental control; guidance and support needed to come from people of the same age and from within. In the past two decades, however, continued connection with and dependence on family, thanks to cell phones, email and social media, have increased significantly. Some parents go so far as to help with coursework. Instead of promoting the idea of college as a passage from the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult responsibility, universities have given in to the idea that they should provide the same environment as that of the home. To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility, college needs to be a time of exploration and experimentation. This process involves ＂trying on＂ new ways of thinking about oneself both intellectually(在思维方面)and personally. While we should provide ＂safe spaces＂ within colleges, we must also make it safe to express opinions and challenge majority views. Intellectual growth and flexibility are fostered by strict debate and questioning. Learning to deal with the social world is equally important. Because a college community(群体) differs from the family, many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging. If students rely on administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking pattern, they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity within a larger and complex community. Moreover, the tendency for universities to monitor and shape student behavior runs up against another characteristic of young adults: the response to being controlled by their elders. If acceptable social behavior is too strictly defined(规定) and controlled, the insensitive or aggressive behavior that administrators are seeking to minimize may actually be encouraged. It is not surprising that young people are likely to burst out, particularly when there are reasons to do so. Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of national emergency. What is lacking today is the conflict between adolescents’ desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world. Therefore, there is the desire for their dorms to be replacement homes and not places to experience intellectual growth. Every college discussion about community values, social climate and behavior should include recognition of the developmental importance of student autonomy and self-regulation, of the necessary tension between safety and self-discovery. 42. What’s the author’s attitude toward continued parental guidance to college students? A. Sympathetic. B. Disapproving. C. Supportive. D. Neutral. 43. The underlined word ＂passage＂ in Paragraph 2 means___________. A. change B. choice C. text D. extension 44. According to the author, what role should college play? A. To develop a shared identity among students. B. To define and regulate students’ social behavior. C. To provide a safe world without tension for students. D. To foster students’ intellectual and personal development. 45. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage? A. B. C. D. 第二节(共5小题; 每小题2分, 共10分) 根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Science of Risk-Seeking Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking. ____46____ Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work? The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. ____47____ As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk. So why aren’t we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. ___48___ No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. ____49____ To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well. ___50___ For the risk-seekers a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active. As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we’ll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool. A. It all depends on your character. B. Those are the risks you should jump to take. C. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival. D. Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest. E. This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world. F. However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards. G. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation. 第三部分书面表达(共两节, 30分) 第一节(共4小题; 第66题1分, 第67, 68题各2分, 第69题5分, 共12分) 阅读下面短文, 根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 The Value of Failure in Success In our pursuit of success, failure often seems like an unwelcome guest. We usually view failure as something negative, something to be avoided at all costs. However, failure is an inevitable(unavoidable)part of life, and it actually holds great value in our journey towards success. Failure serves as a powerful teacher. When we fail at something, we are forced to reflect on our actions. For example, if we fail an exam, we analyze what went wrong. Maybe we didn’t study the right materials, or our time- management during the exam was poor. Through this self-reflection, we can identify our weaknesses and learn from our mistakes. This newly-found knowledge becomes a valuable asset(property), guiding us to make better decisions and take more effective actions in the future. Failure also builds resilience(toughness). Each time we face failure and manage to get back up, we become stronger. Take Thomas Edison as an example. He failed thousands of times before inventing the light bulb. But instead of giving up, he used each failure as a stepping-stone. His perseverance in the face of repeated failures made him one of the most influential inventors in history. Similarly, when we encounter failure in our lives, whether it’s in sports, academics, or personal relationships, bouncing back from it gives us the mental toughness to handle future challenges. Moreover, failure can change our perspective. It makes us more humble and less overconfident. When we experience failure, we realize that we are not invincible and that there is always room for improvement. This new perspective allows us to approach tasks with a more open—minded and realistic attitude. It also helps us appreciate success more. After going through the hardships of failure, the taste of success becomes sweeter. In conclusion, failure is not the end but a crucial part of the path to success. It teaches us, builds our resilience, and shapes our perspective. We should embrace failure, learn from it, and use it as a springboard to achieve greater things. 51. Why is self-reflection after failure important? _________________________________________________________________________ 52. How does failure contribute to building resilience? _________________________________________________________________________ 53. In what ways does failure change our perspective? _________________________________________________________________________ 54. Though failure can be helpful, what can we do to avoid failure as much as possible?(In about 40 words.) _________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(20分) 55. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国好友Jim准备给其校报的China Today栏目投稿，内容是中国中学生眼中的体育明星。他给你发邮件向你询问谁是你心中的体育明星。请你给他回一封邮件。内容包括： 1. 你心中的体育明星和他/她的主要成绩； 2. 这位体育明星对你的影响。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $