课时作业3（Word练习）-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（北师大版2024）

课时作业(三) (限时：30分钟) 层级一　语用巩固 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Does she dare to go(go) out alone at night? 2．When I told him the secret, he stood in amazement(amaze)． 3．They will proceed to build(build) another laboratory building. 4．His speech was frequently(frequent) interrupted by stormy applause. 5．Additionally(addition), the bus service will run on Sundays, every two hours. 6．He studied hard, and in consequence(consequent) he passed the exam. 7．Those adopted(adopt) children live in harmony in their new family. 8．I heard that Tahiti is one of the best places in the world to go diving(dive)． 9．Now they are investigating(investigate) how an error like this could have occurred. 10．Compare fresh with frozen(freeze) vegetables, and you'll find the fresh ones taste better. Ⅱ.选词填空 consist of, be due to, pick…up, burst into tears, send…off, turn down, put out, take up, keep up, come up 1．She put out the candle and went to bed. 2．The seeds I sowed last week haven't come up yet. 3．I can't imagine why they turned down your practical proposal. 4．There was a large crowd at the station to send him off. 5．They are vegetarians(素食者) so their diet mainly consists of vegetables. 6．I'll pick you up at school.Please meet me at the front gate. 7．The next meeting is due to be held in three months' time. 8．You are doing great work.Keep up the good job because I know you can do it. 9．Grandmother burst into tears when she saw her old friends whom she hadn't seen for years. 10．Taking up a position as CEO, he is responsible for the lives of over 5,000 workers in this company. Ⅲ.单句写作 1．这个男孩低头站在那儿。(with复合结构) The boy stood there with his head down. 2．昨天我的确参加了会议。(强调谓语) I did attend the meeting yesterday. 3．他挥舞着手走向我们。(现在分词作伴随状语) He walked to us, waving his hand. 4．在我们周围是一些说笑的孩子们。(完全倒装) Around us are some children who are talking and laughing. 5．这个来自亚洲的女孩讲英语好像她是一个土生土长的纽约人。 The girl from Asia speaks English as if she were a native of New York. 6．他们停下来，惊讶地盯着他。 They stopped and stared at him in amazement. 层级二　素养提升 Ⅳ.阅读 Christ Mocked, by the Florentine master Cimabue, was sold at auction(拍卖) for 24 million in 2019.But the Chilean buyers never got to include the work in their collection because the French government refused to give it an export licence. Ministers declared the painting a national treasure, officially giving the Louvre 30 months to raise the funds for its purchase.The Louvre recently reached an agreement with the owners. Laurence des Cars, the president of the Louvre, said it was a “great joy” to have acquired the painting, which “constitutes a crucial landmark in the history of art”．The museum did not say how much it had paid, nor who had sold the painting, which will be exhibited in 2025. The painting was spotted four years ago by Philomene Wolf, an auctioneer, when she was asked to assess the contents of a house that was being cleared.The owner, in her nineties, thought it was a painting from Russia of no value and was preparing to put it in the dustbin. Wolf was struck by its quality and guessed that it could be Italian.Experts using modern technology confirmed that it was by Cimabue, who is widely regarded as having opened the gateway to Renaissance art.It is believed to date from 1280.Christ Mocked is one of about 15 known Cimabue's works. The Louvre launched an appeal on Tuesday for donations to buy another painting, The Basket of Wild Strawberries by Jean Simeon Chardin, the 18th-century French still life (静物画) master.The work, which was first exhibited in 1761, was in a private collection from the 19th century until last year, when it was sold for 24.3 million to an American art museum at an auction in Paris. Luckily, many groups and individuals donated two-thirds of the sum.The museum must pay the remaining 8 million and is hoping that members of the public will help to ease the burden by responding to its appeal, which aims to raise 1.3 million. 语篇导读　主题语境：人与社会/艺术。本文为新闻报道。卢浮宫博物馆为防止国宝名画流失而筹集资金回购珍贵的绘画作品——Christ Mocked并成功将其留在法国。这幅画已被卢浮宫博物馆成功买下，并将于2025年展出。 1．What can we know about Christ Mocked? A．It is a painting from Russia. B．It was discovered by Cimabue. C．It is seen as a treasure of France. D．It was taken away by Chilean buyers. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段首句可知，这幅画被认定为法国国宝，故选C项。 2．Which can replace the underlined word “constitutes” in Paragraph 3? A．Sums up.　　　　 B．Acts as. C．Finds out. D．Points out. 答案　B 解析　词句猜测题。画线词所在句是对这幅画的历史地位的描述，再根据上文内容可知，卢浮宫博物馆的馆长认为获得这幅画是一件特别让人高兴的事，因此推断这幅画被认为“构成”艺术史上一个至关重要的里程碑。所以猜测constitute表“构成，充当”的意思，故选 B项。 3．How did Wolf get Christ Mocked? A．She purchased it at auction. B．Cimabue sent it to her. C．She got it from an old woman. D．She found it when she cleaned up. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段可知，Wolf是在评估一位老人房子里面清理出来的物品时发现了这幅画，因此她是从一位老人那里得到的，故选C项。 4．Which can be the best title for the text? A．The Painting Christ Mocked Was Sold B．The Louvre Was Appealing for Donation C．French Government Takes Back Its Words D．Painting Saved from Bin Was to Hang in the Louvre 答案　D 解析　标题归纳题。本文主要报道了卢浮宫筹钱买下Christ Mocked这幅珍贵的画作，成功将其留在法国；同时介绍了这幅画差点被扔到垃圾桶但被拍卖师发现的过程。因此D项(从垃圾箱里救出来的画作将被悬挂在卢浮宫)可以作为标题，故选D项。 Ⅴ.完形填空 The world is forever full of smart people who have made great achievements in many fields.But for one reason or another they are unwilling to take a chance on something 　1　 that turns out to be big. Despite all his 　2　 success and great wisdom, in 1906 George Bernard Shaw made one of the biggest　3　 an author can make in the play-writing business.After the highly successful 　4　 of his 1894 comedy, Arms and the Man, a couple of Viennese writers approached Shaw for the purpose of 　5　 the rights to turn his play into an operetta(轻歌剧)．Leopold Jacobson and Rudolf Bernauer would 　6　 its words based on Shaw's work.Relatively 　7　 Viennese composer Oscar Straus would write the music. Shaw considered the 　8　 to be a shame of his masterpiece, which 　9　 him from seeing the possibilities the new business presented.He allowed them the adaptation rights but proudly 　10　 a royalty(版权使用费) they offered.The Chocolate Soldier, as the operetta was named in English, quickly 　11　 Oscar Straus as one of the most distinguished composers of operetta's so-called Silver Age.The operetta was produced 　12　 in London and on Broadway and its tickets were sold out quickly so that its 　13　 made a fortune in royalties except Mr Shaw. The cost of opportunities missed out of 　14　 can be immeasurable indeed.Be careful who you say 　15　 to.You may miss the next Oscar Straus. 1．A．hard B．new C．wrong D．secret 2．A.theoretical B．scientific C．theatrical D．educational 3．A.mistakes B．decisions C．differences D．contributions 4．A.celebration B．application C．description D．release 5．A.reserving B．giving C．restricting D．obtaining 6．A.co-author B．re-read C．co-own D．re-examine 7．A.accessible B．famous C．reliable D．unknown 8．A.attention B．adaptation C．attraction D．adoption 9．A.defended B．freed C．prevented D．protected 10．A.turned in B．turned down C．turned over D．turned back 11．A.established B．recommended C．described D．struck 12．A.barely B．seldom C．continuously D．temporarily 13．A.actors B．creators C．editors D．audiences 14．A.kindness B．curiosity C．respect D．pride 15．A.hello B．thanks C．no D．yes 语篇导读　主题语境：人与自我/做人与做事。本文为夹叙夹议文，通过讲述萧伯纳错失与优秀作家和作曲家合作共赢的机会的故事，告诉我们要谨慎对待每次机会。 1．答案　B 解析　根据下文可知，萧伯纳不愿意尝试将作品改编为轻歌剧的新领域，认为这对他的杰作来说是一种耻辱，因此句中指不愿意冒险去做一件新的(new)大事。 2．答案　C 解析　根据下文中的play-writing business可知，萧伯纳从事戏剧行业，故此处指戏剧上的成功。句意：尽管乔治·萧伯纳取得了戏剧上的(theatrical)成功并拥有大智慧，但他在1906年犯下了一个作家在戏剧创作中可能犯下的最大错误(mistake)之一。 3．答案　A 解析　参见上题解析。 4．答案　D 解析　句意：在他1894年的喜剧《武器和人》非常成功地发行(release)后，几位维也纳作家向萧伯纳寻求获得(obtain)将他的剧本改编成轻歌剧的权利。 5．答案　D 解析　参见上题解析。 6．答案　A 解析　句意：利奥波德·雅各布森和鲁道夫·伯纳尔将根据萧伯纳的作品合著(co-author)这部轻歌剧的台词。 7．答案　D 解析　根据下文可知，奥斯卡·斯特劳斯成为了最杰出的作曲家之一，由此可知，在此之前，奥斯卡·斯特劳斯是一名相对不出名的(unknown)作曲家。 8．答案　B 解析　萧伯纳认为改编(adaptation)是他的杰作的耻辱，这使他无法看到新业务带来的可能性。 9．答案　C 解析　萧伯纳不看好这次改编，这阻止(prevent)了他看到新业务带来的可能性。 10．答案　B 解析　根据下文可知，除了萧伯纳，作品的创作者在版权使用费方面发了大财。由此可知，萧伯纳拒绝了(turn down)他们提供的版权使用费。 11．答案　A 解析　根据下文可知，轻歌剧《巧克力士兵》以英文命名，它迅速确立了奥斯卡·斯特劳斯在轻歌剧所谓的“白银时代”最杰出作曲家之一的地位。establish…as…确立……为…… 12．答案　C 解析　根据上文可知，歌剧创作者在版权使用费方面发了大财，由此可知，这部歌剧在伦敦和百老汇应该是连续(continuously)上演。 13．答案　B 解析　根据句中royalties可知，版权使用费应该是歌剧的创作者(creator)获得的。 14．答案　D 解析　根据上文可知，萧伯纳因自己的骄傲拒绝了版权使用，因此没有得到应得到的财富。故此处指因骄傲(pride)而错失机会的代价确实是无法估量的。 15．答案　C 解析　萧伯纳因为不看好当时不太出名的奥斯卡·斯特劳斯，导致错失了机会和财富，由此可知，你要谨慎对待你拒绝的人，因为他可能是个潜在的人才，say no to sb拒绝某人。 Ⅵ.语法填空 Farmland is taking much of the planet.A new global map 1. (collect) from a satellite shows that the fields of corn, rice and other crops 2. (eat) up more than 1 million additional square kilometers of land in the past two decades. “The rough march of the human footprint is rather 3. (violence)，” says researcher Matt Hansen.The food needs of a fast-growing population in Africa are driving the expansion.But the study also highlights how Earth's land is becoming 4. global farm, with wealthier countries outsourcing crop production to poorer 5. (region)．New fields have replaced forests and other natural ecosystems that stored large amounts of carbon, 6. (threaten) the efforts to conserve biodiversity and stop climate change. However, the study does tell some hopeful trends.Over the study period, the total quantity of plants increased by 25%.The study also highlights the need to improve cropland productivity in Africa, 7. has the world's lowest crop output, meaning that more land 8. (need) to grow a given amount of food. “If the world wants to solve climate change，” Hansen says, “from a 9. (pure) self-interested viewpoint, it needs to support Africa 10. solving its land use challenge.” 语篇导读　主题语境：人与自然/人类生存、社会发展与环境的关系。本文为说明文，主要说明农业耕作占用过多土地资源对气候变化造成影响及土地资源利用率低等问题。 1．答案　collected 解析　考查非谓语动词。句意：一颗卫星收集的一份新的全球地图显示，在过去20年里，玉米、水稻和其他作物的田地已经额外吞噬了100多万平方公里的土地。句中已有谓语动词shows，且和空处之间无连词，空处只能填非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语A new global map与动词collect之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。 2．答案　have eaten 解析　考查时态和主谓一致。空处在从句中作谓语，主语the fields of corn, rice and other crops与动词eat之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，根据时间状语in the past two decades可知，此处用现在完成时；主语为复数形式，故填have eaten。 3．答案　violent 解析　考查词性转换。空处在句中作表语，且由副词rather修饰，应用形容词violent，表示“暴力的”。 4．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。此处泛指“一个全球农场”，应用不定冠词，global的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 5．答案　regions 解析　考查名词的数。空处位于形容词poorer后，应用名词；结合前面的countries可知，此处与其对应，也应用名词复数形式。 6．答案　threatening 解析　考查非谓语动词。句意：新的农田取代了储存大量碳的森林和其他自然生态系统，在保护生物多样性和阻止气候变化的努力方面形成了威胁。句中已有谓语，空处填非谓语动词形式；结合句意可知，整个非谓语动词短语作结果状语，故用现在分词。 7．答案　which 解析　考查引导词。句意：这项研究还强调了提高非洲农田生产力的必要性，非洲的作物产量是世界上最低的，这意味着需要更多的土地来种植指定数量的粮食。空处在句中引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的Africa，从句中缺少主语，先行词表示物，故用which引导。 8．答案　is needed 解析　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。空处在that引导的宾语从句中作谓语，主语more land与动词need之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态；结合句意及其他谓语动词时态可知，此处是在陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语land为不可数名词，故填is needed。 9．答案　purely 解析　考查词性转换。句意：从纯粹的自我利益的角度来看，它需要支持非洲解决其土地使用的挑战。空处在句中作状语修饰后面的形容词，应用副词形式purely，表示“纯粹地、完全地”。 10．答案　in/by 解析　考查介词。support sb/sth in/by doing sth支持……做某事，为固定搭配。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$