UNIT 2 课时作业4 阅读专项（Word练习）-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版2024）

课时作业(四)　阅读专项 (建议用时：35分钟) Ⅰ.第一节 Welcome to the breathtaking land of New Zealand, where nature's wonders and adventure await at every turn.Prepare to start an unforgettable journey as we introduce you to some of the country's most iconic attractions. Fiordland National Park 　　Located in the South Island, Fiordland National Park will leave you awe-inspired.Marvel at the majestic fiords(峡湾), such as Milford Sound and Doubtful Sound, where towering cliffs meet unspoiled waters.Cruise along these dramatic fiords and witness grand waterfalls and an abundance of wildlife.Don't forget to explore the world-famous Milford Track, for an up-close encounter with the region's unparalleled natural beauty. Aoraki/Mount Cook 　　Rising majestically in the heart of the Southern Alps, Aoraki/Mount Cook is New Zealand's highest peak and a paradise for outdoor enthusiasts.Hiking along the Hooker Valley Track offers breathtaking views of the iconic Mueller Glacier.For an exciting experience, take a scenic flight and witness the awe-inspiring landscape from above.The clear night skies also make Aoraki/Mount Cook a haven for stargazers and astrophotographers. Abel Tasman National Park 　　Escape to the coastal paradise of Abel Tasman National Park, renowned for its golden sandy beaches and crystal-clear waters.Hop aboard a kayak and paddle along the stunning coastline, exploring hidden coves(海湾) and observing the abundant marine life.Embark on the Abel Tasman Coast Track, a multi-day hiking trail that winds through lush forests, revealing breathtaking views of the Tasman Sea. Rotorua 　　Discover Rotorua, the geothermal wonderland of New Zealand's North Island.Immerse yourself in the fascinating geothermal activity, from boiling mud pools to geysers.Hike along Pohaturoa Track to command a fine view of the Lake Rotorua and the Whakarewarewa Geothermal Reserve.Experience the unique Maori culture through traditional performances and a traditional hangi feast.Indulge(沉迷) in a relaxing bath in one of the natural geysers or treat yourself to a refreshing mud bath. 语篇导读 主题语境：人与自然/主要国家地理概况。本文为应用文，介绍了新西兰一些最具标志性的景点。 1．Which is the best attraction for astronomy enthusiasts? A．Fiordland National Park. B．Aoraki/Mount Cook. C．Abel Tasman National Park. D．Rotorua. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据Aoraki/Mount Cook部分末句可知，对于天文爱好者而言，最好的旅游景点是Aoraki/Mount Cook，故选B项。 2．What may visitors enjoy in Rotorua? A．A bath in hot springs. B．A view from the mountain top. C．A visit to the Maori village. D．An interaction with wildlife. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据Rotorua部分第二句和第四句可推断，在Rotorua，游客们可以在天然间歇泉中洗个澡，故选A项。 3．What do the four attractions have in common? A．Visitors can experience diverse cultures. B．Visitors can observe abundant wildlife. C．Visitors can hike to enjoy the natural beauty. D．Visitors can witness grand waterfalls. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。通读四个景点介绍可知，在这四个景点，人们都可以欣赏到美丽的自然风景，故选C项。 The Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore, completed in 1436, is the most important landmark in Florence, Italy, and the fourth largest church in the world. The most famous part of the church is the dome(穹顶)．It was created by the genius of the Renaissance(文艺复兴), Filippo Brunelleschi, who showed a great mastery of technical knowledge.Interestingly, Brunelleschi had been a trained goldsmith(金匠) and had never built anything in his life before building the masterpiece.This may sound crazy, but in many ways we look at the relation between Brunelleschi and the church, it seemed that he was “the chosen one” to complete the construction. When he was born in 1377, the church had been under construction for 80 years with no solution to the dome-shaped roof.The building of the church had grown so larger and grander than the original plans that no one had any idea how it would or could be done.In 1418 a public competition was announced for the construction of the dome.Of course, there was the possibility of building the dome with a wooden structure to support it, but that would end up being costly requiring over 400 trees, lots of manpower and time.When Brunelleschi entered the competition, he was the only one with an idea that did not use wood, which caught the attention of the judges.Brunelleschi did many mathematical calculations and invented a lot of new tools and machines for the project, which was started two years after he won the competition.He finished the dome in only sixteen years, which was shockingly fast back in his time. Always known as a secretive person, Brunelleschi didn't leave a single building plan, drawing, or even a letter behind on how he managed to come up with such an amazing design.For years, the structure was a huge mystery about how the dome was built. 语篇导读 主题语境：人与社会/历史、社会与文化。本文为记叙文，主要讲述了天才Filippo Brunelleschi建造了圣玛丽亚·德尔·菲奥里大教堂的圆顶的故事。 4．Why did the church remain unfinished for a long time? A．It was waiting for the chosen one for the task. B．It went too far away from the original plan. C．The wood, labor and time were not enough. D．The tools and machines had not been invented. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段前两句可知，教堂这么长时间没有完工是因为它比原计划更大，故选B项。 5．Why did Brunelleschi get the judges' attention? A．He was a trained goldsmith. B．He had a gift for invention. C．He raised a different design. D．He was good at calculation. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第三句可知，Brunelleschi引起了评委的注意是因为他提出了一个不同的设计，故选C项。 6．In which year was the dome completed? A．1418.　 B．1420.　 C．1434.　 D．1436. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，圆顶是在1436年建成的，故选D项。 7．What does the underlined word “secretive” mean in the last paragraph? A．Not outgoing in personality. B．Creative in imagination. C．Not afraid when making decisions. D．Energetic when working. 答案　A 解析　词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，Brunelleschi没有留下任何建筑平面图、图纸，甚至没有留下一封信来说明他是如何想出如此惊人的设计的，说明他性格不外向，不与外界交流。所以画线词意为“性格不外向”，故选A项。 The souk in the city of Fes in Morocco is an ancient shopping center with lots of narrow alleys crowded, with shops and stalls.In the souk, people are making deals.This is business—Moroccan-style, and many people in the souk are bargaining(议价) as hard as they can. All the sales happen face to face; it's very personal and very busy! The vendors(摊贩) have everything a shopper could possibly want.There are sandals next to fish bowls, and nearby, birds in cages watch the whole scene.In the souk, there really is something for everyone.A visit to the souk is a lesson in Moroccan bargaining culture.For visitors, the question is not “What should I buy？” but “How should I buy it？” That's where they get a real education in making a deal. A Dutch couple talk about what they have learned so far in the souk.“You have to start somewhere around one third of the price they say at first.And then you bargain up to 50 percent，” said the husband.“And they go down twice as hard as we go up with the price! Then you get it at a much lower price than the original one，” added his wife.It's really a game.The Moroccans are very good at bargaining and probably the best in the world.Visitors, however, had better be careful! Beginners at bargaining pay more.Sometimes 20 to 30 percent more than the price the Moroccan people pay. The vendors of the souk are not trying to cheat customers.It's more like a test to find out who is the strongest bargainer.The real test for any bargainer is the carpet shop, where the sellers really pressure customers to buy something.Sometimes, strong salesmen don't give up easily! One English tourist explains, “Once you end up in a shop, you sit there drinking tea, and you say ‘I don't want to buy anything.’ But then he's like, ‘Well, just offer a price…500? What's your best price？’ And you're like, ‘We don't want to buy it.’ And they said, ‘OK, 300！’” 语篇导读 主题语境：人与社会/历史、社会与文化。本文为说明文，介绍了摩洛哥菲斯市的露天市场。 8．Why does the author mention birds in cages in Paragraph 2? A．To describe what the market looks like. B．To show there are various shopping choices. C．To introduce a symbol of the shopping center. D．To compare different goods displayed at stalls. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段上下文语境可推知，提及的“鱼缸”“草鞋”“笼子里的鸟儿”应是举例说明“这里有各种购物选择”，故选B项。 9．What do the Dutch couple mainly suggest about bargaining? A．Bargain down to half price. B．Start with a high price. C．Start low and then go up. D．Turn to the local for help. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段这对夫妇的话可知，关于讲价，这对夫妇建议从原价的三分之一开始，然后再讲到原价的50%，这样能以比原价低得多的价格买到商品，即讲价由低开始，再提高，故选C项。 10．What can be concluded from the English tourist? A．Customers should avoid being cheated. B．Carpet vendors are good at promoting sales. C．The most popular product in the souk is carpet. D．It's hard to get people to buy just by price cutting. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据末段英国游客的阐述可知，在游客表达出自己什么都不买的想法之后，地毯摊贩仍然能够将自己的地毯进行“自我降价”式的推销。由此推知，地毯摊贩善于促销，故选B项。 11．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Making a Deal B．Ancient Market for Trade C．Clever Vendors D．Face-to-face Shopping 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了一个位于摩洛哥菲斯市的露天市场，下文讲到如何在这里讨价还价，这里的商贩们又是如何推销售卖的，故选B项(古代贸易市场)。 From sweeping landscapes to amazing buildings, Taiwan is an island that many tourists visit frequently.That's why it can seem odd that one of its most famous landmarks is two humble mailboxes.Located in the Zhongshan District in the city of Taipei, these unique mailboxes have caught the public's imagination thanks to their appearance.Unlike most mailboxes, these two are severely bent. Due to its location, Taiwan tends to be struck by typhoons, as it is usually hit by three or four windstorms a year.In 2015, a particularly bad one known as Typhoon Soudelor struck the island.During the storm, a billboard got loose due to the heavy winds and hit the mailboxes.While it bent their posts, it didn't tear them down.After the storm was over, people came across the newly leaning mailboxes and fell in love with them.Not only did they look adorable, but they were also a symbol of resilience(坚韧) and survival. Social media quickly caught wind of these new landmarks and people began visiting them.It wasn't long before they started staging fun photos with the new landmarks, using forced perspective—similar to the way tourists pose in Italy with the Leaning Tower of Pisa.This led authorities to accept the symbolism of the mailboxes willingly, and instead of repairing them, they added a board telling their story in Chinese, English, and Japanese. The board reads, “On August 8th, 2015, Typhoon Soudelor struck Taiwan.We were hit in the heads by a signboard as a result and couldn't help but lean over from the pain.It was so painful in fact—we can't stand up straight anymore.But we persevered.We didn't fall over after all.We have to take life as it comes and in a way, I think we look more artsy and sophisticated this way! Do we inspire you? Take a picture with us to remind yourselves that we are all survivors and can persevere no matter what.” The best part of this Taipei attraction is that the mailboxes are still operational.The letters in the boxes are even marked with a special stamp that shows the famous mailboxes. 语篇导读 主题语境：人与社会/历史、社会与文化。本文为说明文，介绍了台北中山区的两个邮箱在台风期间被广告牌砸中，发生严重弯曲却屹然不倒，因其可爱的外形和独特的象征意义而受到游客的喜爱。 12．Why are the mailboxes bent? A．They were struck by a billboard. B．They were squeezed by a huge stone. C．They were blown over by the strong wind. D．They were remodeled on purpose by their designer. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第三、四句可知，在风暴期间，一块广告牌因强风而松动，砸到了邮箱，使其弯曲，故选A项。 13．Why did the government never repair the mailboxes? A．They were difficult to fix. B．They had become very commercialized. C．They were gaining popularity among tourists. D．They were a comfort to the Typhoon sufferers. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，社交媒体很快就听到了这些新地标的风声，人们开始参观它们，这让当局心甘情愿地接受了邮箱的象征意义，所以并没有修理它们，故选C项。 14．What does the underlined word “sophisticated” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Having experienced a lot. B．With delicate decorations. C．Of first-class quality. D．Being windproof. 答案　A 解析　词句猜测题。根据第四段画线词上文可知，这是当局对邮箱的解释文字。此处表示在某种意义上，没有被修复过的邮箱看起来更有艺术感，更有故事感，画线词与Having experienced a lot(经历了很多)意思相近，故选A项。 15．How do the mailboxes inspire people? A．They present very high artistic value. B．They indicate the focus on beauty appreciation. C．They warn people of damaging effects of typhoons. D．They symbolize the great courage in the face of adversity. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句可知，邮箱在风暴中坚持了下来，象征着面对逆境的巨大勇气，故选D项。 Ⅱ.第二节 Everyone has had to deal with a friend who says, “Can I borrow some money? I promise I'll pay you back.” 　1　, but here are some steps that will help you get back the money you've lent and keep your friendship complete. •Decide if you want to lend the money.It doesn't mean that you have to say yes when your friend is asking for a loan.Think carefully about whether this is something you feel comfortable doing.You may want to consider: How is your friend with money? 　2　? Why does your friend need the money? • 　3　.You might settle for a verbal(口头的) agreement since it's with someone you're close to, but putting the loan in writing will enable both of you to treat it as a business arrangement.The agreement should spell out the terms(条款), including any interest and the punishment for late payments. •State your repayment terms clearly.Decide how much and how often payments are to be made, and then keep to that schedule. 　4　.It's better to figure out what you will do if your friend can't make a payment ahead of time than trying to work it out when it happens. •Follow up in a businesslike way.Make a note in your calendar to remind your friend a few days ahead of the due date.Wait to see if your friend pays on the due date without the reminder.If not, tell him or her when you might expect payment, and let him or her explain the delay. 　5　, set a new date for the payment. A．There is no way B．Put everything in writing C．How much does your friend want D．Once you've heard the explanation E．You could lose your money and relationship F．Discuss what happens if a payment is missed G．Whether you decide to lend the money is up to you 语篇导读 主题语境：人与社会/人际沟通。本文为说明文，主要讲的是一些既可以帮助收回借出的钱，又能保全友谊的方法。 1．答案　G　 解析　顺承关系。空前说“我能借点钱吗？我保证会还给你的。”，G项(你决定借钱与否由你自己决定)说的是关于如何答复的内容，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G项。 2．答案　C 解析　并列关系。空前讲到，你可能要考虑：你的朋友在金钱方面怎么样？空后提到你朋友为什么需要钱？因此空处也应是要考虑的问题，C项是一个问题，且其中的your friend和上下句中的your friend相呼应，故选C项。 3．答案　B 解析　总分关系。空处是本段的主题句。本段主要讲的是要把借款的协议写出来，故选B项。 4．答案　F　 解析　重申关系。空前讲到，决定要支付的金额和频率，然后按照这个时间表进行。空后讲到，你的朋友不能提前付款，你最好先弄清楚你该怎么做，而不是等到事情发生时再想办法解决。因此空处应该讲要想好如果朋友不能还款时该怎么做，故选F项。 5．答案　D 解析　顺承关系。空前讲到，如果没有，告诉他或她什么时候你可能会得到还款，并让他或她解释延迟。空处应承接上文，说明人家解释完以后又该如何做，故选D项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$