UNIT 1 课时作业1 阅读专项（Word练习）-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册（人教版2024）

课时作业(一)　阅读专项 (建议用时：35分钟) Ⅰ.第一节 Explore the National Gallery of Art Sculpture Garden, which offers a relaxing setting for you to enjoy works of modern sculpture. Chair Transformation Number 20B, made in 1996—by Lucas Samaras 　　Here, Samaras explores the double meaning of “flight”， referring to both the starlike form created by the stacked chairs, and the movement of a single chair moving through space.From different viewpoints, the sculpture appears to be upright, leaning back, or springing forward.From the side, it even appears like a zigzagging(之字形的) line. Typewriter Eraser, Scale X, made in 1998—by Coosje van Bruggen 　　The artist chose the typewriter eraser as his model for this work based upon childhood memories of playing with the object in his father's office.Here the brush arcs(作弧形运动) back, conveying a sense of motion, as if the wheel-like eraser were rolling down the hill and making its way towards the gate of the garden. Moondog, model 1974, made in 1998～1999—by Tony Smith 　　The title itself comes from two sources: Moondog was the name of a blind poet and folk musician who lived in New York City, and Smith has also compared this sculpture to Dog Barking at the Moon, a painting by Joan Miro.He first created Moondog in 1974 as a 33-inch cardboard model and cast it in bronze as a garden sculpture in 1980.This version was designed by Smith, but it was not completed until after his death. Cheval Rouge (Red Horse), made in 1964—by Alexander Calder 　　During the last two decades of his life, Alexander Calder devoted his greatest efforts to large-scale mobiles and stabiles(立式抽象派雕塑), many of which have become popular public landmarks in cities around the world.Here the silky legs and tensile (张力的) up-thrust “neck” recall the power of a horse.This stabile reflects Calder's statement, “I want to make things that are fun to look at.” 语篇导读 主题语境：人与社会/艺术。本文为应用文，介绍了国家美术雕塑馆中的几个现代雕塑作品。 1．Which was based on its creator's early life? A．Moondog. B．Cheval Rouge (Red Horse)． C．Typewriter Eraser, Scale X. D．Chair Transformation Number 20B. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据表格中Typewriter Eraser, Scale X部分第一句可知，Typewriter Eraser, Scale X是基于创作者孩童时期的记忆创作出来的，故选C项。 2．What can we learn about the sculpture Moondog? A．It was originally intended for a garden. B．It was the only work of its creator. C．It was inspired by a modern painter. D．It wasn't completed by its designer. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据表格中Moondog部分最后一句可推知，Moondog在设计者死后才完成，所以它不是由设计者完成的，故选D项。 3．Whose work was created the earliest? A．Tony Smith's. B．Lucas Samaras'. C．Alexander Calder's. D．Coosje van Bruggen's. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据全文可知，Alexander Calder在1964年的作品最早，故选C项。 Early on, Sandra Marshall showed a talent and love for art.A New York native, Sandra owes her passion for art, and her thirst for learning, to childhood trips into New York City to visit the museums, and galleries. After Sandra received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Arizona State University, she worked as a portrait painter and mural(壁画) artist but turned to food art when her daughter declared she would no longer eat meat.Sandra started exploring with fruits and vegetables to make cooking more fun, and was inspired by the colors of nature.She would write stories about her dinnertime art pieces so her children would see the magic in produce. In 2014, Sandra opened a studio called Be…An Artist Studio, which welcomed artists to come and learn many different types of art.Paint nights, sculpting nights, live entertainment and eventually a cooking school, all came together and helped to bring the community creating together.She was featured on many television networks displaying her passions for the arts.Sandra began posting her creations on social media which led to her first published book One Hot Night at the Veggie Bar. In 2019, Sandra closed her studio to expand and bring art to more people.This also gave her more time to create and explore the town art, including her food art.Sandra hosted painting events, painting with thousands of people at her large Be…An Artist events, such as the National Football League's owners meeting in 2019 where she painted with the NFL owners and their families. Sandra is now working with schools, bringing the joy of creating to children and their families with her “Success For All” painting programs that are supported by the sales of her food art books and grants given to the schools.Last year alone, she painted with thousands of children and their families over Zoom. 语篇导读 主题语境：人与自我/做人与做事。本文为记叙文，介绍了Sandra Marshall通过不断努力从一个肖像画和壁画画家到一个艺术提倡者，并宣传和推动艺术的故事。 4．For what reason did Sandra change her art theme? A．She got bored with mural art. B．She was attracted by the colors of nature. C．She wanted to introduce her daughter to art. D．She hoped to make cooking more appealing. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段前两句可知，Sandra改变她的艺术主题，是希望让烹饪变得更有吸引力，故选D项。 5．What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 3? A．Sandra's influence.　　　 B．Sandra's art styles. C．Sandra's achievements. D．Sandra's future plan. 答案　C 解析　段落大意题。第三段主要介绍了Sandra的成就，故选C项。 6．What did Sandra do to promote art? A．She wrote books on art. B．She held large painting events. C．She opened her own studio. D．She began to try different types of art. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段末句可知，Sandra为宣传和推动艺术举办大型绘画活动，故选B项。 7．What could be the best title for the text? A．The Story Behind Food Art B．The Rise of Be…An Artist Studio C．A Trip Shaping Sandra's Artistic Career D．Sandra Marshall: from a Portrait Painter to an Art Advocate 答案　D 解析　标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了Sandra Marshall通过不断努力从一个肖像画和壁画画家到一个艺术提倡者，并宣传和推动艺术的故事，故选D项。 Mogao Grottoes is located at the western end of the Hexi Corridor along the ancient Silk Road in Dunhuang, China.Until now, most mural paintings at Mogao Grottoes have been dated by directly referring to the mural texts or historical documents.However, some are still left with the creation era(年代) uncertain due to the lack of reference materials or the disagreement of art experts. The drawing style of mural paintings was changing throughout history and can be learned and quantified through painting data.A new dating method has been developed by encoding(编码) the drawing styles using visual codes learned through deep learning.This new method successfully discovered the creation era of six mural paintings at Mogao Grottoes.This new research work is led by Qingquan Li from Shenzhen University. With the help of experts from Dunhuang Academy, seven mural paintings from two grottoes (No.205 and No.206) were chosen as subjects for this dating research. To reveal the creation era of these paintings, Qin Zou, a researcher from Wuhan University, collected 3,860 mural paintings from 194 different grottoes with confirmed creation-era labels.To find the visual codes that can identify the era in these paintings, the authors constructed a deep convolutional neural network(卷积神经网络) and classified(将……分类) these painting images into the right eras.Based on the classification model, a dating method was built and applied to date the seven paintings. Six of the new dating results were approved by experts from Dunhuang Academy.“These dating results are correct and the method is great，” said Mr Hui-Min Wang, a distinguished expert from the Archaeological Institute of Dunhuang Academy. “To the best of our knowledge，” wrote the researchers, “this work represents the first account of a scientific and quantitative manner to support the era prediction and reduce the uncertainties in dating ancient paintings by using deep learning.” 语篇导读 主题语境：人与社会/艺术。本文为说明文，讲述了敦煌莫高窟壁画断代研究的新方法。 8．In which way can most mural paintings be directly dated? A．By checking painting data. B．By identifying the drawing styles. C．By referring to reference materials. D．By adopting a convolutional neural network. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，大部分壁画都可以通过题记和历史资料直接断代，故选C项。 9．What can be learned about the new dating method? A．It requires a large number of visual codes. B．It dated the seven chosen mural paintings correctly. C．It was developed by experts in Dunhuang Academy. D．It involves collecting information from the mural texts. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，新的研究方法将不同时期的绘画风格进行视觉编码，通过确定风格来对壁画断代，故选A项。 10．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The importance of creation-era labels. B．How the classification model is created. C．The influence of the new dating research. D．Why the researchers chose 3,860 mural paintings. 答案　B 解析　段落大意题。根据第四段最后一句可知，本段主要介绍了分类模型的建立过程，故选B项。 11．What was Mr Wang's attitude toward this new method? A．Doubtful. B．Critical. C．Positive. D．Uninterested. 答案　C 解析　观点态度题。根据倒数第二段中的These dating results are correct and the method is great可知，王先生对新方法持积极的态度，故选C项。 Christ Mocked, by the Florentine master Cimabue, was sold at auction(拍卖) for 24 million in 2019.But the Chilean buyers never got to include the work in their collection because the French government refused to give it an export licence. Ministers declared the painting a national treasure, officially giving the Louvre 30 months to raise the funds for its purchase.The Louvre recently reached an agreement with the owners. Laurence des Cars, the president of the Louvre, said it was a “great joy” to have acquired the painting, which “constitutes a crucial landmark in the history of art”．The museum did not say how much it had paid, nor who had sold the painting, which will be exhibited in 2025. The painting was spotted four years ago by Philomene Wolf, an auctioneer, when she was asked to assess the contents of a house that was being cleared.The owner, in her nineties, thought it was a painting from Russia of no value and was preparing to put it in the dustbin. Wolf was struck by its quality and guessed that it could be Italian.Experts using modern technology confirmed that it was by Cimabue, who is widely regarded as having opened the gateway to Renaissance art.It is believed to date from 1280.Christ Mocked is one of about 15 known Cimabue's works. The Louvre launched an appeal on Tuesday for donations to buy another painting, The Basket of Wild Strawberries by Jean Simeon Chardin, the 18th-century French still life (静物画) master.The work, which was first exhibited in 1761, was in a private collection from the 19th century until last year, when it was sold for 24.3 million to an American art museum at an auction in Paris. Luckily, many groups and individuals donated two-thirds of the sum.The museum must pay the remaining 8 million and is hoping that members of the public will help to ease the burden by responding to its appeal, which aims to raise 1.3 million. 语篇导读 主题语境：人与社会/艺术。本文为新闻报道。卢浮宫博物馆为防止国宝名画流失而筹集资金回购珍贵的绘画作品——Christ Mocked并成功将其留在法国。这幅画已被卢浮宫博物馆成功买下，并将于2025年展出。 12．What can we know about Christ Mocked? A．It is a painting from Russia. B．It was discovered by Cimabue. C．It is seen as a treasure of France. D．It was taken away by Chilean buyers. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段首句可知，这幅画被认定为法国国宝，故选C项。 13．Which can replace the underlined word “constitutes” in Paragraph 3? A．Sums up. B．Acts as. C．Finds out. D．Points out. 答案　B 解析　词句猜测题。画线词所在句是对这幅画的历史地位的描述，再根据上文内容可知，卢浮宫博物馆的馆长认为获得这幅画是一件特别让人高兴的事，因此推断这幅画被认为“构成”艺术史上一个至关重要的里程碑。所以猜测constitute表“构成，充当”的意思，故选 B项。 14．How did Wolf get Christ Mocked? A．She purchased it at auction. B．Cimabue sent it to her. C．She got it from an old woman. D．She found it when she cleaned up. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段可知，Wolf是在评估一位老人房子里面清理出来的物品时发现了这幅画，因此她是从一位老人那里得到的，故选C项。 15．Which can be the best title for the text? A．The Painting Christ Mocked Was Sold B．The Louvre Was Appealing for Donation C．French Government Takes Back Its Words D．Painting Saved from Bin Was to Hang in the Louvre 答案　D 解析　标题归纳题。本文主要报道了卢浮宫筹钱买下Christ Mocked这幅珍贵的画作，成功将其留在法国；同时介绍了这幅画差点被扔到垃圾桶但被拍卖师发现的过程。因此D项(从垃圾箱里救出来的画作将被悬挂在卢浮宫)可以作为标题，故选D项。 Ⅱ.第二节 The Steps in Restoring a Painting Every work is different.The only thing they all have in common is it takes time！Below we have broken the restoration(修复) process into 6 major steps. Step 1　The Test Clean We use “Ultraviolet Light(紫外光)” to check which generally shows up any previous restoration.Once satisfied, we then “Spot Clean” in several places using a cotton stick to carefully remove the varnish(亮光漆) and determine what lies beneath! 　1　 Step 2　Client Communication We always contact the client at this stage! 　2　 After detailed discussions it was decided to reveal and restore the original painting. Step 3　Total Clean 　3　 It involves extreme care in removing the many years of old varnish and any previous restoration or repainting work done by other restorers to reveal the original painting. Step 4　Stretchers and Relining It's at this stage where the canvas(画布) is relined.　4　 We always try to keep the painting as original as possible. Step 5　Retouching Retouching is extremely time-consuming and must be undertaken with great care! Although we are literally “drawing” paint to infill the damaged areas, the style and brushwork of the original artist must be respected and copied to maintain the authenticity(真实性) of the work. Step 6　Varnishing and Finishing 　5　 We offer a choice from Matt, Semi Matt through to full Gloss to meet the clients' taste.They are applied by hand or spray to suit the work and style of the painting. A．We discuss the way forward. B．This stage frightens many people. C．Total clean is a slow and painful job. D．We use a range of top quality varnishes to protect the work. E．The effect must match the original painting as closely as possible. F．And only in the most extreme circumstances would we fit a new or recycled stretcher. G．This is the first time we can truly know what work is required to complete the restoration. 语篇导读 主题语境：人与社会/艺术。本文为说明文，介绍了绘画修复工作的六个步骤。 1. 答案　G　 解析　顺承关系。根据上文可知，Step 1主要介绍了绘画修复前的检查工作，这样就知道哪些地方需要修复，以便开展后面的工作。G项符合此处语境，故选G项。 2.答案　A 解析　顺承关系。根据小标题Client Communication可知，本段主要介绍与客户沟通的事项。A项中的discuss和下文中的discussions构成原词复现，故选A项。 3.答案　C 解析　总分关系。根据小标题Total Clean和下文可知，空处的内容与清理作品上的旧漆和修复痕迹有关。C项中的Total clean与小标题中的Total Clean构成原词复现，且slow and painful与下文相照应，故选C项。 4. 答案　F　 解析　并列关系。F项中的stretcher与小标题中的Stretchers构成原词复现，且下一句解释了F项中所描述行为的原因，故选F项。 5.答案　D 解析　总分关系。根据小标题Varnishing and Finishing可知，本段主要讲上漆和修整。D项中的varnishes与小标题中的Varnishing构成原词复现，且a range of top quality varnishes与下文中的We offer a choice from…相照应，故选D项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$